DOCSLIB.ORG

A Field Guide to Medieval Monsters Unicorns

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Field Guide to Medieval Monsters Unicorns A Field Guide to Medieval Monsters Unicorns. Griffins. Dragons. Sirens. Some of these monsters you may recognize from fairy July 7–October 6 tales, Greek and Roman mythology, or books about your favorite boy wizard. In the Middle Ages, these monsters and many more made their way onto the pages of illuminated manu- scripts. These handwritten texts, which include bibles, books of hours, and books of psalms, were often decorated with elaborate designs and images. This exhibition, Medieval Monsters: Terrors, Aliens, Wonders, explores how images of monsters played a complex role in medi- eval society and operated in a variety of ways, often instilling fear, revulsion, devotion, or wonderment. Medieval Monsters is organized by the Morgan Library & Museum, New York. Supporting Sponsor: The Womens Council of the Cleveland Museum of Art Media Sponsor: Before you start You are ready to go! Use exploring, there is some this field guide to identify monster terminology monsters you encounter you may need to know. throughout the exhibition. Anthropomorphic a creature or object having humanlike Basilisk a reptile or serpent who can Livre des merveilles du monde (Book of Marvels of the World), characteristics cause death with a glance, often described in French, c. 1460. Illuminated by the Master of the Geneva as a crested snake or as a rooster with a Boccaccio. France, Angers. Ink snake’s tail. Here, the basilisk appears in an and tempera on vellum. The Cryptozoology the study of hidden creatures, which aims to Morgan Library & Museum, image that is supposed to represent Ethiopia. Purchased by Pierpont Morgan prove the existence of beasts from folklore (1837–1913), 1911, MS M.461 (fol. like bigfoot, aliens, or chupacabras 26v–27r) Illuminated a written text that includes decoration or illus- manuscript trations. Illuminated manuscripts take many forms, such as bibles, books of hours (personal devotional books), psalters (books of psalms), and sacramentaries (book used by a priest during Catholic services). Blemmyes headless people whose facial Monster from the Latin verbs monstrare (to show) and features are on their chest. During the Middle monere (to warn), monsters are a disruption Ages, blemmyes were thought to inhabit of the natural world that often take the form of Africa and later, India. unreal creatures. Normative what the most powerful members of a society value as proper. Non-normative people are often represented as monstrous in these manuscripts. Personify represent a quality or concept through a humanlike form, for example, “a harpy can personify the winds” Quadrupeds an animal with four limbs specialized for walk- ing. Can be used to describe an unreal creature, such as “a dragon is a reptilelike quadruped” All images are details. 4 5 Cephalophore a saint or martyr who Golden Legend, in French, Dracontopede a serpent with the head Speculum humanae salvationis c. 1445–65. Flanders, Bruges. Ink, (Mirror of Human Salvation), in carries their own head tempera, and gold on vellum. of a maiden. The dracontopede was thought by Latin, c. 1350–1400. Germany, The Morgan Library & Museum, Franconia (Nuremberg?). Ink and Purchased by Pierpont Morgan, some to be responsible for tempting Eve in the tempera on vellum. The Morgan 1911, MS M.675 (fol. 139v–140r) Library & Museum, Purchased Garden of Eden. by Pierpont Morgan (1837–1913), 1902, MS M.140 (fol. 3v–4r) Cetus a large sea creature often depicted Jonah Cast Up, c. AD 280–90. Dragon a type of winged serpent sometimes Book of Hours, 1415–20. Asia Minor. Marble. The Cleve- Illuminated by the Master of as a whale or shark who swallowed Jonah, land Museum of Art, John L. used to represent Satan. The story of Saint the Morgan Infancy Cycle. Severance Fund, 1965.238 Netherlands, perhaps Delft. saving him from his death in the biblical George killing a dragon appears in many prints Ink, tempera, and gold on vellum. The Morgan Library & book of Jonah and illuminated manuscripts. Museum, Purchased with the assistance of the Fellows, 1953, MS M.866 (fol. 142v–143r) Demons evil spirits that are active in the Saint Anthony Tormented by the Elephants although common creatures Bestiaire d’Amour (Bestiary Devils, 1400s. Martin Schongauer of Love), in French, c. 1290. world, often working on behalf of Satan. (German, c. 1450–1491). Engrav- in other parts of the world, the medieval Richard de Fournival (French, ing. The Cleveland Museum 1201–1260). Ink and tempera Demons can also be associated with animals of Art, Dudley P. Allen Fund, European person considered elephants to be on vellum. The Morgan Library 1923.227 & Museum, Purchased by like foxes, wolves, and snakes. creatures of imagination and wonder. Their Pierpont Morgan (1837–1913), ivory was thought to smooth wrinkles and 1911, MS M.459 (fol. 20v–21r) whiten teeth, and they were also considered the enemies of dragons. 6 7 Giants humanoids of extraordinary size, Book of Hours, in Latin, c. 1520. Harpy a bird with the head of a woman. In Capital with Addorsed Harpies, Illuminated by Simon Bening 1200s. Southwest France, strength, and appetite, often with little intel- (Flemish, c. 1483–1561). Flanders, Greek mythology, harpies personified storm Languedoc, Toulouse(?). Lime- Bruges. Ink, tempera, and gold stone. The Cleveland Museum of ligence. Popular medieval examples include on vellum. The Morgan Library & winds. Art, Gift of the John Huntington Museum, Purchased by Pierpont Art and Polytechnic Trust, Goliath, Nimrod, and Saint Christopher. Morgan (1837–1913), 1907, MS 1916.1983 M.307 (fol. 160v–161r) Griffin a creature with the body of a lion and The Griffin, 1400s. Martin Hellmouth the entrance to hell, imagined Psalter-Hours of Yolande de Schongauer. (German, Soissons, in Latin and French, the head and wings of an eagle. Griffin sculp- c. 1450–91). Engraving. The as monstrous mouth main section c. 1280–99, Cleveland Museum of Art, exhibited pages c. 1400. France, tures can be guardian figures at some Catholic Dudley P. Allen Fund, Amiens. Ink, tempera, and 1926.466 gold on vellum. The Morgan churches. Library & Museum, Purchased, 1927, MS M.729 (fol. 404v– 405r) Gryllus a squat creature with a human head Cuerden Psalter, in Latin, c. 1270. Leopard considered legendary beasts. Book of Hours, in Latin, c. 1475. Illuminated by the Workshop of Illuminated by Robinet Testard that sits on bestial haunches William of Devon (English, active Leopards were thought to be the degenerate (French, active 1475–1523). c. 1260–70). England, Oxford. France, Poitiers. Ink, tempera, Ink, tempera, and gold on vellum. offspring of a lion and a pard (a mythical, and gold on vellum. The Morgan The Morgan Library & Museum, spotted cat associated with sin). Library & Museum, Purchased Purchased, 1929, MS M.756 (fol. on the Fellows Fund, 1979, MS 10v–11r) M.1001 (fol. 87v–88r) 8 9 Leviathan a demon representing Satan. Book of Hours, in Latin, c. 1475. Mermen the mythical male equivalent to Leaf from a Commission, Saint Illuminated by Robinet Testard Mark Giving the Keys of Venice The Leviathan eats God’s creations and (French, active 1475–1523). mermaids, mermen are marine creatures with to Francesco de Priuli, c. 1523–24. France, Poitiers. Ink, tempera, Benedetto Bordon (Italian). Ink, threatens upheaval. and gold on vellum. The Morgan the upper body of a man and the tail of a fish. tempera, and gold on vellum. Library & Museum, Purchased The Cleveland Museum of Art, on the Fellows Fund, 1979, MS the Jeanne Miles Blackburn M.1001 (fol. 87v–88r) Collection, 2011.69 Lynx the lynx’s urine was believed to Fountains Abbey Bestiary, Panotti a mythical race of people possessing Livre des merveilles du monde in Latin, c. 1325–50. England, (Book of Marvels of the World), solidify into a mythical gemstone. perhaps North Yorkshire. Ink large ears in French, c. 1460. Illuminated on vellum. The Morgan Library by the Master of the Geneva & Museum, Gift of Alastair Boccaccio. France, Angers. Ink Bradley Martin, 1958, MS M.890 and tempera on vellum. The (fol. 1v–2r) Morgan Library & Museum, Purchased by insert J. Pierpont Morgan (1837–1913), 1911, MS M.461 (fol. 26v–27r) Mandrake the root of a plant whose oint- Compendium Salernitanum Satan (Devil) a cosmic force of evil that The Temptation of Christ, 1400s. (Salerno Compendium), in Latin, Master L Cz (German). Engrav- ment was reputedly able to cure all ailments French, and Italian, c. 1350–75. was the catalyst for the original sin: tempting ing. The Cleveland Museum of Northern Italy, perhaps Venice. Art, John L. Severance Fund, except death. The root was thought to Ink and tempera on vellum. The Eve in the Garden of Eden. In the Bible, Satan 1954.743 Morgan Library & Museum, Pur- resemble a human body. chased with the assistance of the is referred to as the ancient serpent or dragon, Fellows and special assistance enemy, adversary, accuser, attacker, and devil of William S. Glazier, 1955, MS M.873 (fol. 61v–62r) named Beelzebub. 10 11 Satyr part man and part beast, a mythical Dancing Satyr Group, 500– Skautuhvalur a monstrous kind of fish Map of Iceland from Theatrum 475 BC. Greece, Boeotia. Painted orbis terrarium (Theater of the woodland creature that had the body of a man terracotta. The Cleveland with great raylike fins, so large they appear World), in Latin, 1595. Abraham Museum of Art, John L. Sever- Ortelius. Antwerp: Plantin. with the ears and tail of a goat or horse, some- ance Fund, 1992.352 as an island and are able to overturn ships The Morgan Library & Museum, Gift of J. P. Morgan, 1936, PML times with hooves 33485; plate after fol. 103 Sea Swine a monstrous kind of fish Map of Iceland from Theatrum Sphinx according to Greek tradition, a mythi- La destruction de la noble orbis terrarium (Theater of the cité de Thèbes (The Destruction resembling a boar World), in Latin, 1595.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ancient Greece. ¡ the Basilisc Was an Extremely Deadly Serpent, Whose Touch Alone Could Wither Plants and Kill a Man
    Ancient Greece. ¡ The Basilisc was an extremely deadly serpent, whose touch alone could wither plants and kill a man. ¡ The creature is later shown in the form of a serpent- tailed bird. ¡ Cerberus was the gigantic hound which guarded the gates of Haides. ¡ He was posted to prevent ghosts of the dead from leaving the underworld. ¡ Cerberus was described as a three- headed dog with a serpent's tail, a mane of snakes, and a lion's claws. The Chimera The Chimera was a monstrous beast with the body and maned head of a lion, a goat's head rising from its back, a set of goat-udders, and a serpents tail. It could also breath fire. The hero Bellerophon rode into battle to kill it on the back of the winged horse Pegasus. ¡ The Gryphon or Griffin was a beast with the head and wings of an eagle and the body of a lion. ¡ A tribe of the beasts guarded rich gold deposits in certain mountains. HYDRA was a gigantic, nine-headed water-serpent. Hercules was sent to destroy her as one of his twelve labours, but for each of her heads that he decapitated, two more sprang forth. So he used burning brands to stop the heads regenerating. The Gorgons The Gorgons were three powerful, winged daemons named Medusa, Sthenno and Euryale. Of the three sisters only Medousa was mortal, and so it was her head which the King commanded the young hero Perseus to fetch. He accomplished this with the help of the gods who equipped him with a reflective shield, curved sword, winged boots and helm of invisibility.
    [Show full text]
  • Did Glooskap Kill the Dragon on the Kennebec? Roslyn
    DID GLOOSKAP KILL THE DRAGON ON THE KENNEBEC? ROSLYN STRONG Figure 1. Rubbing of the "dragon" petroglyph Figure 2. Rock in the Kennebec River, Embden, Maine The following is a revised version of a slide presentation I gave at a NEARA meeting a number of years ago. I have accumulated so many fascinating pieces of reference that the whole subject should really be in two parts, so I will focus here on the dragon legends and in a future article will dwell more on the mythology of the other petroglyphs, such as thunderbirds. This whole subject began for me at least eight years ago when George Carter wrote in his column "Before Columbus" in the Ellsworth American that only Celtic dragons had arrows on their tails. The dragon petroglyph [Fig. 1] is on a large rock [Fig. 2] projecting into the Kennebec river in the town of Embden, which is close to Solon, in central Maine. It is just downstream from the rapids, and before the water level was raised by dams, would have been a logical place to put in after a portage. The "dragon" is one of over a hundred petroglyphs which includes many diverse subjects - there are quite a few canoes, animals of various kinds, human and ‘thunderbird’ figures. They were obviously done over a long period of time since there are many layers and the early ones are fainter. They are all pecked or ‘dinted’ which is the term used by archaeologists. The styles and technique seem to be related to the petroglyphs at Peterborough, Ontario, which in turn appear to be similar to those in Bohuslan, Sweden.
    [Show full text]
  • Theosophical Symbology Some Hints Towards Interpretation of the Symbolism of the Seal of the Society
    Theosophical Siftings Theosophical Symbology Vol 3, No 4 Theosophical Symbology Some Hints Towards Interpretation of the Symbolism of the Seal of the Society by G.R.S. Mead, F.T.S. Reprinted from “Theosophical Siftings” Volume 3 The Theosophical Publishing Society, England "A combination and a form, indeed, Where every god did seem to set his seal, To give the world assurance of a MAN." As the question is often asked, What is the meaning of the Seal of the Society, it may not be unprofitable to attempt a rough outline of some of the infinite interpretations that can be discovered therein. When, however, we consider that the whole of our philosophical literature is but a small contribution to the unriddling of this collective enigma of the sphinx of all sciences, religions and philosophies, it will be seen that no more than the barest outlines can be sketched in a short paper. In the first place, we are told that to every symbol, glyph and emblem there are seven keys, or rather, that the key may be turned seven times, corresponding to all the septenaries in nature and in man. We might even suppose, by using the law of analogy, that each of the seven keys might be turned seven times. So that if we were to suggest that these keys may be named the physiological, astronomical, cosmic, psychic, intellectual and spiritual, of which divine interpretation is the master-key, we should still be on our guard lest we may have confounded some of the turnings with the keys themselves.
    [Show full text]
  • The Wild Boar from San Rossore
    209.qxp 01-12-2009 12:04 Side 55 UDSTILLINGSHISTORIER OG UDSTILLINGSETIK ● NORDISK MUSEOLOGI 2009 ● 2, S. 55-79 Speaking to the Eye: The wild boar from San Rossore LIV EMMA THORSEN* Abstract: The article discusses a taxidermy work of a wild boar fighting two dogs. The tableau was made in 1824 by the Italian scientist Paolo Savi, director of the Natural History Museum in Pisa from 1823-1840. The point of departure is the sense of awe this brilliantly produced tableau evokes in the spectator. If an object could talk, what does the wild boar communicate? Stuffed animals are objects that operate in natural history exhibitions as well in several other contexts. They resist a standard classification, belonging to neither nature nor culture. The wild boar in question illustrates this ambiguity. To decode the tale of the boar, it is establis- hed as a centre in a network that connects Savi’s scientific and personal knowled- ge, the wild boar as a noble trophy, the development of the wild boar hunt in Tus- cany, perceptions of the boar and the connection between science and art. Key words: Natural history museum, taxidermy, wild boar, wild boar hunt, the wild boar in art, ornithology, natural history in Tuscany, Museo di Storia Naturale e del Territorio, Paolo Savi. In 1821, a giant male wild boar was killed at There is a complex history to this wild boar. San Rossore, the hunting property of the We have to understand the important role this Grand Duke of Toscana. It was killed during a species played in Italian and European hun- hunt arranged in honour of prominent guests ting tradition, the link between natural histo- of Ferdinand III.
    [Show full text]
  • “The Symmetrical Battle” Extended: Old Norse Fránn and Other Symmetry in Norse-Germanic Dragon Lore
    The Macksey Journal Volume 1 Article 31 2020 “The Symmetrical Battle” Extended: Old Norse Fránn and Other Symmetry in Norse-Germanic Dragon Lore Julian A. Emole University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://www.mackseyjournal.org/publications Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons, Classical Literature and Philology Commons, European Languages and Societies Commons, German Linguistics Commons, Indo-European Linguistics and Philology Commons, Medieval Studies Commons, and the Scandinavian Studies Commons Recommended Citation Emole, Julian A. (2020) "“The Symmetrical Battle” Extended: Old Norse Fránn and Other Symmetry in Norse-Germanic Dragon Lore," The Macksey Journal: Vol. 1 , Article 31. Available at: https://www.mackseyjournal.org/publications/vol1/iss1/31 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by The Johns Hopkins University Macksey Journal. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Macksey Journal by an authorized editor of The Johns Hopkins University Macksey Journal. “The Symmetrical Battle” Extended: Old Norse Fránn and Other Symmetry in Norse-Germanic Dragon Lore Cover Page Footnote The title of this work was inspired by Daniel Ogden's book, "Drakōn: Dragon Myth & Serpent Cult in the Greek & Roman Worlds," and specifically his chapter titled 'The Symmetrical Battle'. His work serves as the foundation for the following outline of the Graeco-Roman dragon and was the inspiration for my own work on the Norse-Germanic dragon. This paper is a condensed version of a much longer unpublished work, which itself is the product of three years worth of ongoing research.
    [Show full text]
  • The Integration of Mythical Creatures in the Harry Potter Series
    University of Hawai‘i at Hilo HOHONU 2015 Vol. 13 orange eyes. (Stone 235) Harry's first year introduces the The Integration of Mythical traditional serpentine dragon, something that readers Creatures in the Harry Potter can envision with confidence and clarity. The fourth year, however, provides a vivid insight on the break Series from tradition as Harry watches while “four fully grown, Terri Pinyerd enormous, vicious-looking dragons were rearing onto English 200D their hind legs inside an enclosure fenced with thick Fall 2014 planks of wood, roaring and snorting—torrents of fire were shooting into the dark sky from their open, fanged From the naturalistic expeditions of Pliny the mouths, fifty feet above the ground on their outstretched Elder, to the hobbit's journey across Middle Earth, necks” (Goblet 326). This is a change from the treasure the literary world has been immersed in the alluring hoarding, princess stealing, riddle loving dragons of presence of mythical and fabulous creatures. Ranging fantasy and fairy tales; these are beasts that can merely from the familiar winged dragon to the more unusual be restrained, not tamed. It is with this that Rowling and obscure barometz, the mythical creature brings with sets the feel for her series. The reader is told that not it a sense of imagined history that allows the reader to everything is as it seems, or is expected to be. Danger is become immersed in its world; J.K Rowling's best-selling real, even for wizards. Harry Potter series is one of these worlds. This paper will If the dragon is the embodiment of evil and analyze the presence of classic mythical creatures in the greed, the unicorn is its counterpart as the symbol of Harry Potter series, along with the addition of original innocence and purity.
    [Show full text]
  • Famous Warsaw Legends
    Famous Warsaw Legends Photo Main figure Description The Warsaw Mermaid Statue Presented as half fish and half woman. Images of a mermaid have been used on the crest of Warsaw as its symbol. From the middle of 14th century. Legend tells that once upon a time two mermaid sisters swam to the shores of the Baltic Sea from their home in the depths. They were truly beautiful, even though they had fish tails instead of legs. One of them decided to swim further towards the Danish straits. Now she can be seen sitting on a rock an the entry to the port of Copenhagen. The second swam to the seaside town, Gdańsk. And then, up the Vistula River (…)then she came out of the Water (…) to rest. She liked it so much that she decided to stay. The fishermen who used to live in this area noticed that when they were fishing, someone was agitating the waters of the Vistula River , tangling their nets and freeing fish from their traps. They decided to catch the culprit and get even with him once and for all. But when they heard the enchanting song of the mermaid, they gave up Polish Mermaid their plans and came to love the beautiful woman-fish. From that time, every evening, she entertained them with her wonderful singing. But one day, a rich merchant strolling on the banks of the Vistula River caught sight of the little mermaid. He decided to catch her and keep her as a prisoner, and then make money by showing her at fairs.
    [Show full text]
  • The Senses in Early Modern England, 1558–1660
    The senses in early modern England, 1558–1660 Edited by Simon Smith, Jacqueline Watson, and Amy Kenny MANCHESTER 1824 Manchester University Press Simon Smith, Jackie Watson, and Amy Kenny - 9781526146465 www.manchesteruniversitypress.co.ukDownloaded from manchesterhive.com at 09/27/2021 05:33:41PM via free access The senses in early modern England, 1558–1660 Simon Smith, Jackie Watson, and Amy Kenny - 9781526146465 Downloaded from manchesterhive.com at 09/27/2021 05:33:41PM via free access MUP_Smith_Printer.indd 1 02/04/2015 16:18 Simon Smith, Jackie Watson, and Amy Kenny - 9781526146465 Downloaded from manchesterhive.com at 09/27/2021 05:33:41PM via free access MUP_Smith_Printer.indd 2 02/04/2015 16:18 The senses in early modern England, 1558–1660 edited by simon smith, jackie watson and amy kenny Manchester University Press Simon Smith, Jackie Watson, and Amy Kenny - 9781526146465 Downloaded from manchesterhive.com at 09/27/2021 05:33:41PM via free access MUP_Smith_Printer.indd 3 02/04/2015 16:18 Copyright © Manchester University Press 2015 While copyright in the volume as a whole is vested in Manchester University Press, copyright in individual chapters belongs to their respective authors, and no chapter may be reproduced wholly or in part without the express permission in writing of both author and publisher. Published by Manchester University Press Altrincham Street, Manchester M1 7JA www.manchesteruniversitypress.co.uk British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data applied for isbn 978 07190 9158 2 hardback First published 2015 The publisher has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or any third-party internet websites referred to in this book, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.
    [Show full text]
  • Dragones Meridionales Que Mueven a Risa. Rito, Humor E Ingeniería
    REA | Nº 0 | Marzo de 2015 05 ISSN: 2387-1555 DRAGONES MERIDIONALES QUE MUEVEN A RISA. RITO, HUMOR E INGENIERÍA José Antonio González Alcantud* © INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES ANTROPOLÓGICAS DE CASTILLA Y LEÓN, Salamanca | 2015. Recebido em 03/12/2014 e aceito em 15/12/2014. Resumo: As tentativas do autor, enquanto antropólogo, Resumen: Los intentos del autor en tanto antropólogo para modernizar festas tradicionais que dão uma dimensão por modernizar fiestas tradicionales dándoles una de modernidade, colidiu quinze anos atrás com a dimensión de modernidad chocaron hace tres lustros con la incompreensão política. No entanto, em 2008, quase que incomprensión política. Sin embargo en el año 2008, casi por acaso, pude experimentar a concepção de engenharia por azar, pudo experimentar su concepción de la ingeniería cultural na condução da irmandade "Mediterrânea" das cultural llevando a cabo el hermanamiento “mediterráneo” tarascas de Tarascon- Arles, no sul da França, com a de de las tarascas de Tarascón-Arles, en el sur de Francia, con Granada, no sul da Espanha. O fio condutor desta la de Granada, en el sur de España. El hilo conductor de "engenharia" foi o clima festivo, que é a supremacia da esta “ingeniería” fue el humor festivo, la supremacía del linguagem carnavalesca. lenguaje carnavalesco. Palavras-chave: Tarascón, Arlés, Granada, humos, ritual, Palabras claves: Tarascón, Arlés, Granada, Tarasca, regionalismo, agressão. humor, ritual, regionalismo, agresión. “El que los politeísmos paganos hayan salido tiempo que propongo darle un giro practicista a siempre perdedores (...) se debe, entre otras la antropología cultural, no tanto por razones de razones, a su excepcional virtud de tolerancia.
    [Show full text]
  • ICMA News...And More Spring 2020, No
    Spring 2020, no. 1 ICMA NEWS...AND MORE Spring 2020, no. 1 Melanie Hanan, Editor Contents: FROM THE PRESIDENT, NINA ROWE ICMA News 1 Dear ICMA Members, From the President, Nina Rowe 1 I am honored to write to you as the newly elected President of the International Center of Member News 3 Medieval Art. We are at an exciting moment for the study of medieval art history and I am opti- Awards mistic about the direction of the field. Our community is engaged in initiatives both academic Books Appointments and public-facing, launching projects aimed at broadening the scope of our inquiry and wel- coming a range of voices to the conversation. This issue of ICMA News chronicles the strength Commemorations: 7 of our history as well as the promise of our work going forward—with a suite of memorials David Jacoby, 1928 – 2018 for long-time friends of the organization and notices about innovative projects undertaken by Danielle Valin Johnson, a crop of rising scholars. 1938 – 2019 Martin Warnke, 1937 – 2019 But this is also a time of uncertainties. As I write, concern over the spread of the COVID-19 Georgia Wright, virus has led many colleges and universities to shift away from face-to-face instruction, tran- 1937 – 2019 sitioning to online teaching. Conferences and lectures around the world are being canceled or Member Events: 12 postponed. And many of us are preoccupied with caring for loved ones who are vulnerable. At Special Features 20 the ICMA we will do what we can to offer resources and guidance to help you through this dif- Reflection:HBK ficult period.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mediaeval Bestiary and Its Textual Tradition
    THE MEDIAEVAL BESTIARY AND ITS TEXTUAL TRADITION Volume 1: Text Patricia Stewart A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of St Andrews 2012 Full metadata for this item is available in St Andrews Research Repository at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3628 This item is protected by original copyright The Mediaeval Bestiary and its Textual Tradition Patricia Stewart This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of PhD at the University of St Andrews 17th August, 2012 1. Candidate’s declarations: I, Patricia Stewart, hereby certify that this thesis, which is approximately 88 000 words in length, has been written by me, that it is the record of work carried out by me and that it has not been submitted in any previous application for a higher degree. I was admitted as a research student in September, 2007 and as a candidate for the degree of PhD in May, 2008; the higher study for which this is a record was carried out in the University of St Andrews between 2007 and 2012. Date 17th August, 2012 signature of candidate ……… 2. Supervisor’s declaration: I hereby certify that the candidate has fulfilled the conditions of the Resolution and Regulations appropriate for the degree of PhD in the University of St Andrews and that the candidate is qualified to submit this thesis in application for that degree. Date 17th August, 2012 signature of supervisor ……… 3. Permission for electronic publication: (to be signed by both candidate and supervisor) In submitting this thesis to the University of St Andrews I understand that I am giving permission for it to be made available for use in accordance with the regulations of the University Library for the time being in force, subject to any copyright vested in the work not being affected thereby.
    [Show full text]
  • Dragon Magazine #248
    DRAGONS Features The Missing Dragons Richard Lloyd A classic article returns with three new dragons for the AD&D® game. Departments 26 56 Wyrms of the North Ed Greenwood The evil woman Morna Auguth is now The Moor Building a Better Dragon Dragon. Paul Fraser Teaching an old dragon new tricks 74Arcane Lore is as easy as perusing this menu. Robert S. Mullin For priestly 34 dragons ... Dragon Dweomers III. Dragon’s Bestiary 80 Gregory W. Detwiler These Crystal Confusion creatures are the distant Dragon-Kin. Holly Ingraham Everythingand we mean everything 88 Dungeon Mastery youll ever need to know about gems. Rob Daviau If youre stumped for an adventure idea, find one In the News. 40 92Contest Winners Thomas S. Roberts The winners are revealed in Ecology of a Spell The Dragon of Vstaive Peak Design Contest. Ed Stark Columns Theres no exagerration when Vore Lekiniskiy THE WYRMS TURN .............. 4 is called a mountain of a dragon. D-MAIL ....................... 6 50 FORUM ........................ 10 SAGE ADVICE ................... 18 OUT OF CHARACTER ............. 24 Fiction BOOKWYRMs ................... 70 The Quest for Steel CONVENTION CALENDAR .......... 98 Ben Bova DRAGONMIRTH ............... 100 Orion must help a young king find both ROLEPLAYING REVIEWS .......... 104 a weapon and his own courage. KNIGHTS OF THE DINNER TABLE ... 114 TSR PREVIEWS ................. 116 62 PROFILES ..................... 120 Staff Publisher Wendy Noritake Executive Editor Pierce Watters Production Manager John Dunn Editor Dave Gross Art Director Larry Smith Associate Editor Chris Perkins Editorial Assistant Jesse Decker Advertising Sales Manager Bob Henning Advertising Traffic Manager Judy Smitha On the Cover Fred Fields blends fantasy with science fiction in this month's anniversary cover.
    [Show full text]