DOCSLIB.ORG

Revision of the Hillstream Lizard Loaches, Genus Balitoropsis (Cypriniformes: Balitoridae)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Revision of the Hillstream Lizard Loaches, Genus Balitoropsis (Cypriniformes: Balitoridae) Zootaxa 3962 (1): 206–225 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3962.1.13 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FBCF7375-8ADD-4624-9DD8-1A5427B5FB9A Revision of the hillstream lizard loaches, genus Balitoropsis (Cypriniformes: Balitoridae) ZACHARY S. RANDALL & PATRICK A. RIGGS Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Dickinson Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. Email: [email protected] Abstract The genus Balitoropsis Smith 1945 consists of two species, B. zollingeri (Bleeker 1853) and B. ophiolepis (Bleeker 1853). Homaloptera maxinae Fowler 1937, Balitoropsis bartschi Smith 1945, and Homaloptera nigra Alfred 1969 are junior synonyms of B. zollingeri. Balitoropsis zollingeri has been reported from Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo, and B. ophiolepis is known from Sumatra, Java, and Borneo. Keywords: Homaloptera zollingeri, Homaloptera ophiolepis, Balitoropsis bartschi, Homaloptera maxinae, Homaloptera nigra, Southeast Asia Introduction Randall and Page (2015) distinguished Balitoropsis from related genera, Homaloptera, Homalopteroides, Pseudohomaloptera, and Homalopterula, based on the nuclear recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1) and morphological characters, recognizing only two species in Balitoropsis: Homaloptera zollingeri Bleeker 1853 and H. ophiolepis Bleeker 1853. This classification includes fewer species in Balitoropsis than previously recognized (Kottelat 2012, 2013), and the objective of the present study was to use morphological and molecular data to assess the status of species synonymized with H. zollingeri: Homaloptera maxinae Fowler 1937, Balitoropsis bartschi Smith 1945, and Homaloptera nigra Alfred 1969. Materials and Methods Morphological. Measurements follow Hubbs and Lagler (2004) or Kottelat (1984); see Randall & Page (2012) for measurements from each source. Counts follow Randall and Page (2014). The terms “origin” and “insertion” refer, respectively, to the anterior and posterior ends of fin bases for both paired and unpaired fins. Lengths were measured to the nearest 0.1 mm using digital calipers and taken on the left side when possible. All measurements are given in millimeters (mm). Head length and measurements of the body are given as proportions of standard length (SL). Measurements of the head are presented as proportions of head length (HL), and eye length as a proportion of interorbital width (IO). Institutional abbreviations follow Sabaj Pérez (2012). When coordinates were unavailable, they were estimated using maps and GEOLocate. Maps were constructed using ArcMap10. Molecular. To test the monophyly of populations identified morphologically as Balitoropsis zollingeri, a molecular analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (COI) was performed based on recently collected tissues (Table 1) and sequences available on Genbank (Balitora brucei [accession # KJ774109.1], Gastromyzon sp. [accession # JN646091.1], Metahomaloptera omeiensis [accession # JN177080.1]). Total genomic DNA was extracted from fin clips or muscle tissue preserved in 95% ethanol using a DNeasy Tissue Kit (Qiagen). COI was amplified and sequenced using the primers FISH-BCL: 5’–TCA ACY AAT CAY AAA GAT ATY GGC AC–3’ and FISH-BCH_R: 5’–ACT TCY GGG TGR CCR AAR AAT CA–3’ (Baldwin et al., 2009). 206 Accepted by R. L. Mayden: 29 Mar. 2015; published: 22 May 2015 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 Revision of of Revision Balitoropsis TABLE 1. Samples produced from this study included in phylogenetic analysis. Genus Species Vial # Voucher Origin (region, province, river) Genbank accession # Balitoropsis ophiolepis 2006-0588 UF 166109 Sumatra, Lampung, Way Besai KR052868 zollingeri 2005-0948 UF 161715 Sumatra, Lampung, Way Rarem KR052865 2005-0962 UF 161715 Sumatra, Lampung, Way Rarem KR052864 KR052867 2006-0591 UF 166105 Sumatra, Lampung, Way Besai 2012-0167 UF 183727 Thailand, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Tha Di KR052871 KR052870 2012-0583 UF 235547 Malaysia, Kelantan, Kelantan Zootaxa KR052869 2012-0587 UF 235547 Malaysia, Kelantan, Kelantan 3962 (1) © 2015 Magnolia (1)©2015 Press 3962 2012-0598 UF 235547 Malaysia, Kelantan, Kelantan KR052866 Homaloptera ocellata 2005-0980 UF 161605 Sumatra. Lampung, Way Abung KR052873 Pseudohomaloptera leonardi 2012-0597 UF 235746 Malaysia, Kelantan, Kelantan KR052872 · 207 Reactions for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed Randall and Page (2015). The PCR cycling parameters followed Parenti et al. (2013). PCR cleaning with ExoSAP-IT and sequencing took place at the Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. Geneious 7.1.4 (Kearse et al. 2012) was used to view chromatograms, assemble consensus sequences, and generate a final alignment using the Geneious global alignment tool. The final alignment was corrected manually. A Bayesian Inference (BI) analysis using MrBayes 3.2.2 (Ronquist et al. 2012) and a Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis using RAxML 7.2 (Stamatakis 2014) were performed through the Cyberinfrastructure for Phylogenetic Research (CIPRES) (Miller et al. 2010). For the BI analysis, model selection was restricted to those available in MrBayes, where the HKY+I+G was the best fit substitution model of nucleotide evolution for COI using the Akaike Information Criterion with JModeltest version 2.1.5 (Darriba et al. 2012). Two Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analyses with four simultaneous chains were run for 5 million generations sampling every 1,000 generations resulting in 10,002 sampled trees. The standard deviation for split frequencies was 0.003512 and the average potential scale reduction factor for all parameters was 1.001, indicating convergence of the two runs; 25% of the first sampled trees were discarded as burn-in, leaving 7,502 trees. The best tree was viewed in Figtree v. 1.3.1 (http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree/). The ML analysis procedure followed Randall and Page (2015). Gastromyzon a member of the gastromyzonins, sister group to balitorins (Randall & Page 2015), was used to root the gene trees for both BI and ML analyses. FIGURE 1. Balitorid phylogeny based on Bayesian analysis of CO1. Support values are indicated at the branch lengths (pp/ bs). Posterior probability values ≥ 0.95 and bootstrap support ≥ 90 are represented by an asterisk (*). Support values ≤ 50 are represented by a hyphen (-). M) peninsular Malaysia; S) Sumatra; T) Thailand. Phylogenetic Results The BI and ML analyses generated an identical topology which is represented in Figure 1 by the BI analysis (greater likelihood score of -2360.32). Balitoropsis was monophyletic and the sister group to other genera of balitorini included in the analysis (Balitora, Homaloptera, Metahomaloptera, Pseudohomaloptera). Balitoropsis 208 · Zootaxa 3962 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press RANDALL & RIGGS zollingeri was monophyletic with shallow branch divergences among the three populations sampled (peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Thailand). The Thailand population is sister group to the peninsular Malaysian population with weak support. The population from Sumatra is sister group to the other populations with strong support. Only the population from Sumatra is strongly supported as monophyletic in both analyses. The population from peninsular Malaysia is only strongly supported by the ML analysis. FIGURE 2. Dorsal, lateral, and ventral views of holotype of Homaloptera maxinae, ANSP 68004, 34.3 mm SL; Tachin (Samut Sakhon), Thailand. Balitoropsis Smith 1945 Lizard loaches Balitoropsis Smith, 1945:278. (type species: Balitoropsis bartschi Smith 1945:279, by original designation). Gender fem- inine. Systematic History. Balitoropsis was created for B. bartschi Smith (1945) based on having papillated lips and a deep preoral groove extending around the corners of the mouth. However, papillated lips (unculi) and a preoral groove are common characters in balitorid genera, and the genus was recognized as a junior synonym of Homaloptera van Hasselt 1823 by Kottelat & Chu (1988). Balitoropsis was recognized as a subgenus of Homaloptera by Tan & Ng (2005) and Randall & Page (2012) and as a genus consisting of 10 species by Kottelat (2012) and of 9 species by Kottelat (2013). Randall & Page (2015) recognized Balitoropsis as a genus consisting of 2 species based on molecular and morphological data. Revision of Balitoropsis Zootaxa 3962 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press · 209 210 · Zootaxa 3962 (1) ©2015 (1) 3962 TABLE 2. Morphometrics and meristics for holotype of Homaloptera maxinae, ANSP 68004; holotype and paratypes of Homaloptera nigra, ZRC 2009, CAS-SU 66424 (2); and Balitoropsis zollingeri, BMNH 1866.5.2.53 (Bleeker specimen) (1), other material examined (31). All measurements in mm. Number of individuals with a value shown in parentheses. * denotes meristic counts for holotype. MORPHOMETRICS H. maxinae H. nigra B. zollingeri Range Mean±%SD BMNH Range Mean±%SD 1866.5.2.53 Standard Length 34.3 45.3-57.0 57.9 27.3-67.7 Magnolia Press Total Length 40.7 54.5-61.9 35.0-86.4 % of Standard Length Lateral head length 23.1 22.5-25.9 24.0±1.8 25.4 20.8-26.7 23.4±1.3 Body depth 15.0 14.8-16.0 15.3±0.6 13.6 13.7-17.6 15.1±0.8 Body width 14.5 13.2-16.0 14.6±1.9 15.5 12.3-18.5 14.9±1.5 Distance from pelvic fin to anal fin 30.9 30.7-31.6 31.1±0.4 33.5 27.0-32.2 30.5±1.3 Dorsal-fin base length 14.5 13.2-15.2 14.3±1.0 13.0
Load more

Recommended publications
  • FAMILY Balitoridae Swainson, 1839
    FAMILY Balitoridae Swainson, 1839 - hillstream and river loaches [=Balitorinae, Homalopterini, Sinohomalopterini, Homalopteroidini] GENUS Balitora Gray, 1830 - stone loaches [=Sinohomaloptera] Species Balitora annamitica Kottelat, 1988 - annamitica stone loach Species Balitora brucei Gray, 1830 - Gray's stone loach [=anisura, maculata] Species Balitora burmanica Hora, 1932 - Burmese stone loach [=melanosoma] Species Balitora chipkali Kumar et al., 2016 - Kali stone loach Species Balitora eddsi Conway & Mayden, 2010 - Gerwa River stone loach Species Balitora elongata Chen & Li, in Li & Chen, 1985 - elongate stone loach Species Balitora haithanhi Nguyen, 2005 - Gam River stone loach Species Balitora jalpalli Raghavan et al., 2013 - Silent Valley stone loach Species Balitora kwangsiensis (Fang, 1930) - Kwangsi stone loach [=heteroura, hoffmanni, nigrocorpa, songamensis] Species Balitora lancangjiangensis (Zheng, 1980) - Lancangjiang stone loach Species Balitora laticauda Bhoite et al., 2012 - Krishna stone loach Species Balitora longibarbata (Chen, in Zheng et al., 1982) - Yiliang Xian stone loach Species Balitora ludongensis Liu & Chen, in Liu et al., 2012 - Qilong River stone loach Species Balitora meridionalis Kottelat, 1988 - Chan River stone loach Species Balitora mysorensis Hora, 1941 - slender stone loach Species Balitora nantingensis Chen et al., 2005 - Nanting River stone loach Species Balitora nujiangensis Zhang & Zheng, in Zheng & Zhang, 1983 - Nu-Jiang stone loach Species Balitora tchangi Zheng, in Zheng et al., 1982 - Tchang
    [Show full text]
  • Copyright Warning & Restrictions
    Copyright Warning & Restrictions The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be “used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.” If a, user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of “fair use” that user may be liable for copyright infringement, This institution reserves the right to refuse to accept a copying order if, in its judgment, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of copyright law. Please Note: The author retains the copyright while the New Jersey Institute of Technology reserves the right to distribute this thesis or dissertation Printing note: If you do not wish to print this page, then select “Pages from: first page # to: last page #” on the print dialog screen The Van Houten library has removed some of the personal information and all signatures from the approval page and biographical sketches of theses and dissertations in order to protect the identity of NJIT graduates and faculty. ABSTRACT THESE FISH WERE MADE FOR WALKING: MORPHOLOGY AND WALKING KINEMATICS IN BALITORID LOACHES by Callie Hendricks Crawford Terrestrial excursions have been observed in multiple lineages of marine and freshwater fishes. These ventures into the terrestrial environment may be used when fish are searching out new habitat during drought, escaping predation, laying eggs, or seeking food sources.
    [Show full text]
  • PHYLOGENY and ZOOGEOGRAPHY of the SUPERFAMILY COBITOIDEA (CYPRINOIDEI, Title CYPRINIFORMES)
    PHYLOGENY AND ZOOGEOGRAPHY OF THE SUPERFAMILY COBITOIDEA (CYPRINOIDEI, Title CYPRINIFORMES) Author(s) SAWADA, Yukio Citation MEMOIRS OF THE FACULTY OF FISHERIES HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY, 28(2), 65-223 Issue Date 1982-03 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/21871 Type bulletin (article) File Information 28(2)_P65-223.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP PHYLOGENY AND ZOOGEOGRAPHY OF THE SUPERFAMILY COBITOIDEA (CYPRINOIDEI, CYPRINIFORMES) By Yukio SAWADA Laboratory of Marine Zoology, Faculty of Fisheries, Bokkaido University Contents page I. Introduction .......................................................... 65 II. Materials and Methods ............... • • . • . • . • • . • . 67 m. Acknowledgements...................................................... 70 IV. Methodology ....................................•....•.........•••.... 71 1. Systematic methodology . • • . • • . • • • . 71 1) The determinlttion of polarity in the morphocline . • . 72 2) The elimination of convergence and parallelism from phylogeny ........ 76 2. Zoogeographical methodology . 76 V. Comparative Osteology and Discussion 1. Cranium.............................................................. 78 2. Mandibular arch ...................................................... 101 3. Hyoid arch .......................................................... 108 4. Branchial apparatus ...................................•..••......••.. 113 5. Suspensorium.......................................................... 120 6. Pectoral
    [Show full text]
  • Revision of the Hillstream Lizard Loaches, Genus Balitoropsis (Cypriniformes: Balitoridae)
    Zootaxa 3962 (1): 206–225 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3962.1.13 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FBCF7375-8ADD-4624-9DD8-1A5427B5FB9A Revision of the hillstream lizard loaches, genus Balitoropsis (Cypriniformes: Balitoridae) ZACHARY S. RANDALL & PATRICK A. RIGGS Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Dickinson Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. Email: [email protected] Abstract The genus Balitoropsis Smith 1945 consists of two species, B. zollingeri (Bleeker 1853) and B. ophiolepis (Bleeker 1853). Homaloptera maxinae Fowler 1937, Balitoropsis bartschi Smith 1945, and Homaloptera nigra Alfred 1969 are junior synonyms of B. zollingeri. Balitoropsis zollingeri has been reported from Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo, and B. ophiolepis is known from Sumatra, Java, and Borneo. Keywords: Homaloptera zollingeri, Homaloptera ophiolepis, Balitoropsis bartschi, Homaloptera maxinae, Homaloptera nigra, Southeast Asia Introduction Randall and Page (2015) distinguished Balitoropsis from related genera, Homaloptera, Homalopteroides, Pseudohomaloptera, and Homalopterula, based on the nuclear recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1) and morphological characters, recognizing only two species in Balitoropsis: Homaloptera zollingeri Bleeker 1853 and H. ophiolepis Bleeker 1853. This classification includes fewer species in Balitoropsis than previously recognized (Kottelat 2012, 2013), and the objective of the present study was to use morphological and molecular data to assess the status of species synonymized with H. zollingeri: Homaloptera maxinae Fowler 1937, Balitoropsis bartschi Smith 1945, and Homaloptera nigra Alfred 1969. Materials and Methods Morphological. Measurements follow Hubbs and Lagler (2004) or Kottelat (1984); see Randall & Page (2012) for measurements from each source.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of the Organismal Biology of Hill Stream Loaches
    Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 27 November 2019 doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0322.v1 1 Review of the organismal biology of hill stream loaches. 2 Jay Willis (corresponding author), Oxford University , Department of Zoology 3 Theresa Burt De Perera, Oxford University , Department of Zoology 4 Adrian L. R. Thomas, Oxford University , Department of Zoology 5 6 Correspondence to be sent to: 7 Dr Jay Willis ([email protected]) 8 1 © 2019 by the author(s). Distributed under a Creative Commons CC BY license. Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 27 November 2019 doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0322.v1 9 10 Abstract 11 Hill stream loaches are a group of fish that inhabit fast flowing shallow freshwater. The family has 12 radiated over Asia. For some species their range is limited to single catchments; they provide an ex- 13 cellent example of biogeographical speciation on multiple scales. Hill stream loaches have a range of 14 adaptations which help them exploit environments where competitors and predators would be 15 washed away. They have streamlined bodies and keeled scales reminiscent of Mako sharks and po- 16 tentially many other as yet undiscovered drag reducing features. They adhere to rocks, crawl over 17 shallow films of water, glide over hard surfaces using ground effects and launch into currents to at- 18 tack prey or evade predation. They offer a test of modern approaches to organismal biology and a 19 broad range of biomimetic potential. In this paper we analyse what behaviour is associated with 20 their physical adaptations and how this might relate to their evolution and radiation.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article (PDF)
    Miscellaneous Publication Occasional Paper No. I INDEX HORANA BY K. C. JAYARAM RECORDS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATION OCCASIONAL PAPER No. I INDEX HORANA An index to the scientific fish names occurring in all the publications of the late Dr. Sunder Lal Hora BY K. C. JA YARAM I Edited by the Director, Zoological Survey oj India March, 1976 © Copyright 1976, Government of India PRICE: Inland : Rs. 29/- Foreign: f, 1·6 or $ 3-3 PRINTED IN INDIA AT AMRA PRESS, MADRAS-600 041 AND PUBLISHED BY THE MANAGER OF PUBLICATIONS, CIVIL LINES, DELHI, 1976. RECORDS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATION Occasional Paper No.1 1976 Pages 1-191 CONTENTS Pages INTRODUCTION 1 PART I BIBLIOGRAPHY (A) LIST OF ALL PUBLISHED PAPERS OF S. L. HORA 6 (B) NON-ICHTHYOLOGICAL PAPERS ARRANGED UNPER BROAD SUBJECT HEADINGS . 33 PART II INDEX TO FAMILIES, GENERA AND SPECIES 34 PART III LIST OF NEW TAXA CREATED BY HORA AND THEIR PRESENT SYSTEMATIC POSITION 175 PART IV REFERENCES 188 ADDENDA 191 SUNDER LAL HORA May 22, 1896-Dec. 8,1955 FOREWORD To those actiye in ichthyological research, and especially those concerned with the taxonomy of Indian fishes, the name Sunder Lal Hora is undoubtedly familiar and the fundamental scientific value of his numerous publications is universally acknowledged. Hora showed a determination that well matched his intellectual abilities and amazing versatility. He was a prolific writer 'and one is forced to admire his singleness of purpose, dedication and indomitable energy for hard work. Though Hora does not need an advocate to prove his greatness and his achievements, it is a matter of profound pleasure and privilege to write a foreword for Index Horana which is a synthesis of what Hora achieved for ichthyology.
    [Show full text]
  • Inventory of Fishes in the Upper Pelus River (Perak River Basin, Perak, Malaysia)
    13 4 315 Ikhwanuddin et al ANNOTATED LIST OF SPECIES Check List 13 (4): 315–325 https://doi.org/10.15560/13.4.315 Inventory of fishes in the upper Pelus River (Perak river basin, Perak, Malaysia) Mat Esa Mohd Ikhwanuddin,1 Mohammad Noor Azmai Amal,1 Azizul Aziz,1 Johari Sepet,1 Abdullah Talib,1 Muhammad Faiz Ismail,1 Nor Rohaizah Jamil2 1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. 2 Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Corresponding author: Mohammad Noor Azmai Amal, [email protected] Abstract The upper Pelus River is located in the remote area of the Kuala Kangsar district, Perak, Malaysia. Recently, the forest along the upper portion of the Pelus River has come under threat due to extensive lumbering and land clearing for plantations. Sampling at 3 localities in the upper Pelus River at 457, 156 and 89 m above mean sea level yielded 521 specimens representing 4 orders, 11 families, 23 genera and 26 species. The most abundant species was Neolissochilus hexagonolepis, followed by Homalopteroides tweediei and Glyptothorax major. The fish community structure indices was observed to increase from the upper to lower portion of the river, which might reflect differences in water velocity. Key words Faunal inventory; freshwater; species diversity; tropical forest. Academinc editor: Barbára Calegari | Received 28 July 2015 | Accepted 27 June 2017 | Published 18 August 2017 Citation: Ikhwanuddin MEM, Amal MNA, Aziz A, Sepet J, Talib A, Ismail MS, Jamil NR (2017). Inventory of fishes in the upper Pelus River (Perak river basin, Perak, Malaysia).
    [Show full text]
  • Protecting Aquatic Diversity in Deforested Tropical Landscapes
    PROTECTING AQUATIC DIVERSITY IN DEFORESTED TROPICAL LANDSCAPES Clare Lucy Wilkinson Division of Ecology and Evolution Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London & Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2018 ii COPYRIGHT DECLARATION _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives licence. Researchers are free to copy, distribute or transmit the thesis on the condition that they attribute it, that they do not use it for commercial purposes and that they do not alter, transform or build upon it. For any reuse or distribution, researchers must make clear to others the license terms of this work. iii ABSTRACT _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Global biodiversity is being lost due to extensive, anthropogenic land-use change. In Southeast Asia, biodiversity-rich forests are being logged and converted to oil-palm monocultures. The impacts of land-use change on freshwater ecosystems and biodiversity, remains largely understudied and poorly understood. I investigated the impacts of logging and conversion of tropical forest in 35 streams across a land-use gradient on freshwater fishes, a useful biotic indicator group, and a vital provisioning ecosystem service. This research was extended to quantify the benefits of riparian reserves in disturbed landscapes, and examine the interaction of land-use change with extreme climatic events. There are four key findings from this research. (1) Any modification of primary rainforest is associated with a loss of fish species and functional richness. (2) Streams in oil-palm plantations with riparian reserves of high forest quality, and a width of > 64m on either side, retain higher species richness and higher abundances of individual fish species.
    [Show full text]
  • Fish Biodiversity and Assemblages Along the Altitudinal Gradients Of
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Fish biodiversity and assemblages along the altitudinal gradients of tropical mountainous forest streams Chen‑Lin Soo1*, Lee Nyanti2, Nur Ezaimah Idris2, Teck‑Yee Ling2, Siong‑Fong Sim2, Jongkar Grinang2, Tonny Ganyai3 & Karen‑Suan‑Ping Lee3 Knowledge of the fundamental aspects of ecology such as the patterns of fsh species distribution and biodiversity in the forest streams is the frst and basic step to develop efective conservation strategies. Yet, studies on altitudinal changes of fsh composition and assemblages in Bornean forest streams are scarce despite being one of the hotspots of biodiversity conservation. Hence, surveys on freshwater fsh composition along the altitudinal gradients of the Baleh River Basin in Sarawak, Borneo were conducted from April 2014 to August 2015. The Baleh River Basin was divided into seven altitudinal groups with a total of 72 stations. Group elevation ranged from 53 to 269 m above sea level. The fsh samples and environmental parameters were taken concurrently during samplings. A total of 3565 specimens belonging to six orders, 14 families, and 76 species were found in the present study. The most dominant family in the Baleh River Basin was Cyprinidae (74.4%), followed by Gastromyzontidae (16.2%) while the most dominant species was Tor tambra (12.9%), followed by Lobocheilos ovalis (12.3%). Fish abundance signifcantly higher at high altitude sites than those at low altitude sites except for Mengiong River which has the lowest fsh abundance despite with high elevation. Species richness was found signifcantly lower in midstream segment. Noticeable altitudinal gradient of fsh assemblages was observed along the Baleh River except a discontinuity at the midstream segment which is attributable to the poorer quality infow from the Mengiong River coupled with the meandering feature of the segment.
    [Show full text]
  • Species Diversity, Abundance and Environmental Associations of Loaches (Nemacheilidae and Balitoridae) in the Central Region of Thailand
    NAT. HIST. BULL. SIAM. SOC. 60(2): 89–111, 2015 SPECIES DIVERSITY, ABUNDANCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATIONS OF LOACHES (NEMACHEILIDAE AND BALITORIDAE) IN THE CENTRAL REGION OF THAILAND F. William H. Beamish¹ and Rungthip Plongsesthee² ABSTRACT Environmental associations favorable for benthic loaches within the families Nemacheilidae and Balitoridae were the objective of this study that was conducted at 160 sites within five river systems: Southeastern, Mekong, Chao Phraya, Maeklong and Peninsula, in the central region of Thailand. Loaches in this study represented seven genera and 19 species; one each of Tuberos- chistura and Homalopteroides, two Acanthocobitis, Homaloptera and Pseudohomaloptera, four Nemacheilus and seven Schistura. Fewest species (n = 3) were found in the Southeastern system with four species from each of the Mekong, Chao Phraya and Peninsula systems and 13 species in the Maeklong system. Species diversity within all systems was greatest for Schistura. Species and relative abundance of all fishes and of loaches varied directly and inversely, respectively, with river order for the two rivers in which this was examined. Abundances varied widely among spe- cies and sites with the most abundant species being Schistura aurantiaca, Schistura cf. sexcauda, Homalopteroides smithi and Acanthocobitis zonalternans. Species’ distributions across all five river systems examined by canonical correlation analysis (CCA) varied significantly with six environmental variables. Of greatest significance were elevation and water temparature followed by water velocity, ambient oxygen, pH and Silica. Several adaptations for co-existence in fast flowing water are identified and discussed. Keywords: Balitoridae, Nemacheilidae, ecology, environment, environmental associations INTRODUCTION Landscapes provide environmental variation that, along with biotic interactions, contribute to the distribution of freshwater fishes found in rivers.
    [Show full text]
  • Fishes of the World
    Fishes of the World Fishes of the World Fifth Edition Joseph S. Nelson Terry C. Grande Mark V. H. Wilson Cover image: Mark V. H. Wilson Cover design: Wiley This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published simultaneously in Canada. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with the respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be createdor extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Classification of Extant Genera of Fishes of the Order Cypriniformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi)
    Zootaxa 4476 (1): 006–039 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2018 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4476.1.4 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C2F41B7E-0682-4139-B226-3BD32BE8949D Phylogenetic classification of extant genera of fishes of the order Cypriniformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi) MILTON TAN1,3 & JONATHAN W. ARMBRUSTER2 1Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USA. 2Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, 101 Rouse Life Sciences Building, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The order Cypriniformes is the most diverse order of freshwater fishes. Recent phylogenetic studies have approached a consensus on the phylogenetic relationships of Cypriniformes and proposed a new phylogenetic classification of family- level groupings in Cypriniformes. The lack of a reference for the placement of genera amongst families has hampered the adoption of this phylogenetic classification more widely. We herein provide an updated compilation of the membership of genera to suprageneric taxa based on the latest phylogenetic classifications. We propose a new taxon: subfamily Esom- inae within Danionidae, for the genus Esomus. Key words: Cyprinidae, Cobitoidei, Cyprinoidei, carps, minnows Introduction The order Cypriniformes is the most diverse order of freshwater fishes, numbering over 4400 currently recognized species (Eschmeyer & Fong 2017), and the species are of great interest in biology, economy, and in culture. Occurring throughout North America, Africa, Europe, and Asia, cypriniforms are dominant members of a range of freshwater habitats (Nelson 2006), and some have even adapted to extreme habitats such as caves and acidic peat swamps (Romero & Paulson 2001; Kottelat et al.
    [Show full text]