Star Wars, Épisode IV : Un Nouvel Espoir

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Star Wars, Épisode IV : Un Nouvel Espoir Star Wars, épisode IV : Un nouvel espoir La Guerre des étoiles (Star Wars) est un film américain de science-fiction de type space opera sorti en 1977 écrit et réalisé par George Lucas. À partir de l'an 2000, il est exploité sous le nom Star Wars, épisode IV : Un nouvel espoir Star Wars, épisode IV : (Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope). Un nouvel espoir C'est le premier opus de la saga Star Wars par sa date de sortie, mais le quatrième selon l'ordre chronologique de l'histoire. Il est le premier volet de la trilogie originale qui est constituée également des films L'Empire contre-attaque et Le Retour du Jedi. Ce film est aussi le troisième long métrage réalisé par Lucas. Note 1 L'histoire de cet épisode se déroule presque dix-neuf ans après les événements de La Revanche des Sith (sorti en 2005). L'intrigue se concentre sur l'Alliance rebelle, une organisation qui tente de détruire la station spatiale Étoile Logo du film Un nouvel espoir. noire, l'arme absolue du très autoritaire Empire galactique. Mêlé malgré lui à ce conflit galactique, le jeune ouvrier agricole Luke Skywalker s'engage au sein des forces rebelles après le massacre de sa famille par des soldats Titre original Star Wars Episode IV: A impériaux. New Hope George Lucas commence l’écriture du scénario en 1973. La préproduction du film dure deux ans. Le tournage en lui- Réalisation George Lucas même se déroule de mars à juillet 1976, principalement aux studios d'Elstree, en Angleterre mais aussi en extérieur en Scénario George Lucas Tunisie. La musique du film est composée et dirigée par John Williams. Peu satisfait des trucages de son film, le réalisateur le remonte en 1997 en y ajoutant des effets numériques. Acteurs Mark Hamill principaux Carrie Fisher Le film s'inspire à la fois des westerns, des films de sabre, des films de guerre, des séries de science-fiction, et il utilise Harrison Ford le concept du voyage du héros comme base narratologique. Un nouvel espoir est à la fois un succès commercial et un Peter Cushing succès critique. Il remporte de nombreux prix, notamment sept Oscars. Alec Guinness Élément fondateur de l'univers de fiction Star Wars, Un nouvel espoir est sorti en VHS en mai 1982 puis Sociétés de Lucasfilm progressivement sur d'autres supports, et a également engendré un nombre important de produits dérivés. production Pays d’origine États-Unis Genre Science-fiction Sommaire Durée 121 minutes 125 min (édition 1 Synopsis spéciale) 1.1 Toile de fond 1.2 Résumé détaillé Sortie 1977 2 Personnages Pour plus de détails, voir Fiche technique et 3 Fiche technique Distribution 4 Distribution 5 Production 5.1 Scénario 5.2 Préproduction 5.3 Tournage 5.4 Postproduction 5.5 Bande originale 6 Accueil 6.1 Sortie 6.2 Accueil critique 6.3 Box-office 6.4 Rééditions 7 Distinctions 7.1 Récompenses 7.2 Nominations 8 Analyse 8.1 Inspirations 8.2 Références culturelles 9 Version française 10 Exploitation 10.1 Éditions en vidéo 10.2 Promotion commerciale et produits dérivés 11 Postérité 12 Notes et références 12.1 Notes 12.2 Références 13 Annexes 13.1 Bibliographie 13.2 Articles connexes 13.3 Liens externes Synopsis Toile de fond L'univers de Star Wars se déroule dans une galaxie qui se fait le théâtre d'affrontements entre les Chevaliers Jedi et les Seigneurs noirs des Sith, personnes sensibles à la Force, un champ énergétique mystérieux leur procurant des pouvoirs psychiques. Les Jedi maîtrisent le Côté lumineux de la Force, pouvoir bénéfique et défensif, pour maintenir la paix dans la galaxie. Les Sith utilisent le 1 Côté obscur, pouvoir nuisible et destructeur, pour leurs usages personnels et pour dominer la galaxie . Pour ramener la paix, une République galactique a été fondée avec pour capitale la planète Coruscant. Mais, tout au long de son Note 2 existence, elle est secouée par des sécessions et des guerres. Pour y mettre fin, la République est remplacée en 19 av. BY par un Empire galactique autoritaire et discriminatoire. Cette nouvelle entité est dirigée par le Sith Palpatine, son apprenti Dark 2 Vador et son chef d'état-major Tarkin . Cependant, après plusieurs années, la brutalité du régime provoque l'apparition d'une opposition armée : l'Alliance rebelle. Le Note 3 premier coup d'éclat de cette dernière se déroule quelque temps avant BY , lorsque des espions rebelles parviennent à mettre la main sur les plans de la station spatiale Étoile noire, une arme absolue que Tarkin construit en secret depuis l’avènement de l’Empire. La princesse Leia, l'une des responsables de l'Alliance, est alors chargée de rapporter en lieu sûr les Vision d'artiste de la planète a 1 plans dérobés . Coruscant. Résumé détaillé Le vaisseau spatial de Leia est arraisonné par l'énorme destroyer Stellaire de Dark Vador alors qu'elle s'apprête à faire escale sur la planète désertique Tatooine. Les Impériaux pénètrent à bord et font prisonniers ses occupants, considérés comme des espions. Se sentant perdue, la princesse prend la décision 3 de confier les plans dérobés au petit droïde R2-D2 . Ce dernier s'échappe avec un autre robot du nom de C-3PO grâce à une capsule de sauvetage. Ils parviennent à atterrir sur Tatooine sans trop d'encombres mais se font rapidement capturer par des Jawas, petites créatures autochtones spécialisées dans la 4 vente de ferraille et de composants électroniques. Ils vendent les deux droïdes à un couple de fermiers . En s'occupant de nettoyer les robots, leur neveu Luke Skywalker, découvre par hasard un message de la princesse Leia enregistré à l'intérieur de R2-D2. Ce message est destiné à un général dénommé Obi-Wan Kenobi. Le jeune homme pense qu'il pourrait s'agir d'un vieil ermite, Ben Kenobi, qui vit non loin de là. Le soir venu, R2-D2 s'échappe de la ferme pour accomplir sa mission initiale, délivrer le message à Obi-Wan Kenobi. Luke part à sa recherche dès le lendemain matin avec C-3PO mais ils se font attaquer par les 5 dangereux Hommes des Sables. Heureusement, l'intervention de Kenobi les met en déroute . Kenobi prend connaissance du message de la princesse, qui le supplie de rejoindre la planète Alderaan pour confier les précieux plans volés à son père qui est l'un des dirigeants de l'Alliance rebelle. Le vieil homme explique à Luke qu'il était autrefois un chevalier Jedi. Il révèle également au jeune homme qu'il connaissait son père, un valeureux pilote et guerrier Jedi durant la Guerre des clones, ayant été éliminé par le Jedi Dark Vador, qui a trahi les siens. Luke est étonné, son oncle lui ayant raconté que son père avait été simple navigateur. Obi-Wan lui apprend également l'existence de la Force et qu'après une formation, il saurait lui 5 aussi la maîtriser . Entre temps, Vador lance ses troupes à la recherche des droïdes. Ils remontent rapidement la piste jusqu'à la ferme de Luke. Après avoir interrogé l'oncle et la tante de celui-ci, ils les exécutent puis poursuivent leurs recherches. De retour chez lui, le jeune Skywalker découvre avec horreur les corps calcinés de son oncle et de sa tante. Il décide alors de s'enfuir avec Kenobi jusqu'à Ferme des Lars où Luke a 6 Note 4 l'astroport de Mos Eisley pour y trouver un pilote capable de les emmener à Alderaan . Dans un bar de la ville, ils font la grandi . connaissance du contrebandier Han Solo et son copilote, le Wookie Chewbacca. Tous deux acceptent de les emmener à bord de leur vaisseau en échange d'une forte somme d'argent. À peine le marché conclu, ils décollent en catastrophe car ils sont repérés 7 par des soldats de l'Empire . Durant le voyage, Luke fait ses premiers pas dans la Force avec le sabre laser de son père qu'Obi-Wan garde précieusement 5 depuis près de vingt ans . Le Jedi ressent soudainement à travers la Force un terrible événement mais ne parvient pas à l'identifier. Il s'agit en fait d'un génocide qui vient d'être commis sur ordre de Tarkin. Celui-ci, pour faire avouer à la princesse Leia où se trouve la base de l'Alliance rebelle, n'a pas hésité à 8 faire annihiler la planète Alderaan par le super-laser de l’Étoile noire . Arrivé dans le champ d’astéroïdes qui marque désormais l'ancien emplacement de la 9 planète, le vaisseau de Solo tombe dans le champ d'action d'un puissant rayon qui le tracte jusqu'à l'Étoile Noire . Le groupe se dissimule dans des compartiments cachés pour faire croire aux impériaux que le vaisseau est vide. Puis, ils se séparent : Obi-Wan désactive le rayon tracteur tandis que Luke, Han et Chewbacca délivrent la princesse retenue prisonnière 10 dans un cachot de l'Étoile Noire . Dark Vador sent rapidement la présence de Kenobi et décide d'affronter au sabre laser son ancien mentor et ami. Luke assiste impuissant à la mort d'Obi-Wan qui s'est laissé vaincre par son adversaire. En réalité, le maître Jedi a disparu physiquement pour ne faire plus qu'un avec la Force et devenir ainsi un esprit capable de guider le jeune homme. Luke, Han, Chewbacca et Leia parviennent cependant à regagner leur vaisseau et quittent l'Étoile Noire. Ils se rendent à la base secrète de l'Alliance rebelle sur le satellite naturel Yavin 4. Mais grâce à un mouchard électronique implanté dans leur vaisseau, Tarkin parvient à localiser la base rebelle et dirige l'Étoile Noire vers cette destination.
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