Easy Japanese”

About “Easy Japanese”

“Easy Japanese” is a learning program offered in 18 languages by NHK WORLD- JAPAN, the international broadcasting service of NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation).

The 48-part series features fun skits that form an extended story. Listeners can learn handy and easy- to-use phrases for self-introductions, shopping, and many other situations. The program is also rich with tourist information as well as insights into Japanese culture and manners.

This program meets the “JF Standard for Japanese-Language Education (JFS)” set by the Japan Foundation. (jfstandard.jp) The program emphasizes communication skills in Japanese in everyday situations and fosters understanding and respect for different cultures.

The series is designed for JFS A1-A2 level learners. A1 learners are those who can understand basic expressions in everyday life and engage in very simple daily conversations. A2 learners can conduct simple daily conversations on familiar subjects. The level classifications are based on the CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference).

Learn Japanese online, free of charge!

https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/

Listen to “Easy Japanese” on NHK WORLD-JAPAN radio or follow the program online. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 1 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN The Story

“Haru-san House” is a share house in Tokyo, bringing together people of various nationalities and personalities. Their common language is Japanese. And the landlady who handles the problems of the residents is actually a robot! One day, a Vietnamese student, Tam, moves in. The story is about Tam as she travels around Japan with her housemates, while learning Japanese and following her dreams. Charactors

はるグエン · ミイ· タム Haru Nguyen My Tam ミー · ヤー The robot landlady with Mi Ya A Vietnamese student, artificial intelligence, Tam is cheerful and Haru is shaped like a A Chinese freelance sweet. traditional Japanese photographer, Mi Ya is She secretly has a crush “kokeshi” doll. a resident of “Haru-san on a Japanese pianist, She’s always looking House” and like an older Yuuki. over residents from the sister to Tam. living room table.

いわもとかいとマイク · ハドソンほんだほしゆうき岩元海斗本田あやか星悠輝 Mike Hudson Iwamoto Kaito Honda Ayaka Hoshi Yuuki An American graduate A Japanese university student and former A Japanese A Japanese student, Kaito is a resident of “Haru-san friend of Tam, pianist, Yuuki resident of “Haru-san House,” Mike is an Ayaka is always first met Tam House” and is good at aficionado of Japanese cheerful. in Vietnam. cooking. culture. 2 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN How to Use This Textbook

★ Three pages for each lesson

ESSON L 1 はるさんハウスはどこですか Today’s Skit: Haru-san-Hausu wa doko desu ka

Where is Haru-san House?

Enjoy the story while checking the content Today’s Skit

タム：すみません。 Excuse me. and pronunciations. Tam Sumimase⎤n. はるさんハウスはどこですか。 Where is Haru-san House? Haru-san-Ha⎤usu wa do⎤ko de⎤su ka.

かいと海斗：はるさんハウス？ Haru-san House? Kaito Haru-san-Ha⎤usu?

あれ？ぼくたちのうちだよね。 Oh? That's where we live. Pronunciation: ⎤ ⎤ Are? Bo kutachi no uchi da yo ne.

ちかミーヤー：すぐ近くです。 It’s close by. Mi Ya Su⎤gu chi⎤kaku de⎤su.

いっしょい一緒に行きましょう。 Pronunciations are expressed alphabetically. We can go together. Issho ni ikimasho⎤o.

かいと海斗：こっちだよ。 This way. Prolonged sounds are expressed by repeating ⎤ Kaito Kotchi da yo.

タム：はい。ありがとうございます。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ OK. vowels (Example: “tokee” for clock). Geminate Tam Ha i. Ari gatoo gozaima su. Thank you very much.

Vocabulary consonants are expressed by doubling the すみませんどこぼくたち excuse me where we Can-do:sumimase⎤n do⎤ko bo⎤kutachi ちかいっしょうちすぐ近く一緒に home very near together ⎤letter (Example: “zasshi” for magazine). uchi su⎤gu chi⎤kaku issho ni い行くこっちはい go this way OK shows where the pitch goes down. (See p. 8) Lessoniku Goalkotchi ha⎤i

6 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Asking for directions

Key Phrase

はるさんハウスはどこですか。 Haru-san-Ha⎤usu wa do⎤ko de⎤su ka. Key Phrase: Where is Haru-san House? “[place] wa doko desu ka.” “Wa” To ask for directions, ask is a topic-marker “は（ha）” particle that comes after a noun. It's written as in Hiragana but is “wa.” “desu ka” “doko” pronounced as Adding after the interrogative or “where” and raising your intonation makes it into a question. Usage and grammar of the Key Phrase, to Use It!

すみません。トイレはどこですか。 master the Can-do segment. Sumimase⎤n. To⎤ire wa do⎤ko de⎤su ka. あそこです。 Asoko de⎤su.

Excuse me. Where is the toilet? Use It!: It’s over there. Try It Out!

すみません。～はどこですか。 Excuse me. Where is XXX? Sumimase⎤n. ~wa do⎤ko de⎤su ka.

えき ① 駅 ② コンビニ Dialog examples, using the Key Phrase. ⎤ e ki konbini Repeat them again and again. station convenience store

Try It Out!: ありがとうございます。 Bonus Phrase Ari⎤gatoo gozaima⎤su.

Thank you very much. This expresses gratitude. If you're thanking someone close to you, like a “arigatoo.” Exercises. Make sentences by using the words friend or a family member, you can use the short version www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/english 7 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN shown.

Mi Ya’s Travel Guide Bonus Phrase:

Beauty of Various Places Around Japan Phrases from the skits you can use just as You can enjoy the scenery of four distinct seasons around the country. For example, spring is the season for cherry blossoms to bloom. Kyoto is famous for the flower. In summer, lots of people enjoy mountain they are. climbing and going to the beach. In autumn, the reddening of leaves is beautiful. And winter is also attractive for its snow. You can enjoy Step-up: skiing and other winter sports.

Kyoto Hokkaido Learn greetings, numbers, days of the week, and other useful expressions.

©Niseko Village

©Ninnaji-Temple Nikko, Tochigi Prefecture On the 3rd page of each lesson, interesting Okinawa information on sightseeing, culture, gourmet,

©Nikko Toshogu Shrine manners and others related to the lesson.

©OCVB

てんた ⎤ Answer ① 天ぷらを食べます。 Tenpura o tabema su. かぶきみ ⎤ ② 歌舞伎を見ます。 Kabuki o mima su.

For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 17 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Answers for Try It Out!

https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 3 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Index

Lesson

1 Where is Haru-san House?················································6 2 I’m Tam. I’m a student.·····················································9 3 I’m from Vietnam.··························································12 4 I’m going to study Japanese at a university.·······················15 5 I studied by listening to the radio.···································18 6 Does this train go to Ikebukuro?······································21 7 Please speak slowly.························································24 8 This is my friend, Ayaka-san.··········································27 9 What is this?··································································30 10 How much is this hair dryer?··········································33 11 Do you have any lucky charms?·······································36 12 This is a cute amulet, isn’t it?···········································39 13 I want to see the snow.····················································42 14 I want to go to Japan someday.········································45 15 To the monkey hot spring, please.···································48 16 This is a famous hot spring.············································51 17 I’ve been traveling around Japan.····································54 18 It was really fun.····························································57 19 I’d like a pair of gloves.···················································60 20 Please don’t put wasabi in.··············································63 21 I’m in the clock tower.····················································66 22 Let’s take a photo.···························································69 23 I like this cat.·································································72 24 I can’t eat raw eggs.·························································75 25 My throat hurts.·····························································78 26 This Japanese omelet is sweet and delicious.····················81 27 Which one is the most tasty?···········································84

4 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN 28 May I take photos here?··················································87 29 I went to listen to a piano recital.·····································90 30 We sang songs and danced together.································93 31 Why don’t we all go together?··········································96 32 How can I get to the Ninja Museum?································99 33 How long does it take to get in?····································· 102 34 I’ve read it.··································································· 105 35 I want to go to Owakudani and then eat a black egg.······· 108 36 From what time to what time can we use the bath?········· 111 37 The TV won’t turn on…················································· 114 38 I prefer outside.··························································· 117 39 I lost my wallet.···························································· 120 40 Since it was my first earthquake, I was startled.············· 123 41 Can we buy tickets?······················································ 126 42 I’m going to give them to Yuuki-san.······························ 129 43 You look well.······························································· 132 44 I’ve heard he’s giving another recital.····························· 135 45 Would you check the Japanese?····································· 138 46 It’s small but beautiful.················································· 141 47 How do you do it?························································· 144 48 When I graduate, I want to work in Japan.····················· 147

Appendix······························································· 150-159 Supervisors and Co-hosts·············································· 160

https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 5 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L 1 はるさんハウスはどこですか Haru-san-Hausu wa doko desu ka

Where is Haru-san House?

Today’s Skit

タム：すみません。 Excuse me. Tam Sumimase⎤n.

はるさんハウスはどこですか。 Where is Haru-san House? Haru-san-Ha⎤usu wa do⎤ko de⎤su ka.

かいと海斗：はるさんハウス？ Haru-san House? Kaito Haru-san-Ha⎤usu?

あれ？ぼくたちのうちだよね。 Oh? That's where we live. Are? Bo⎤kutachi no uchi⎤ da yo ne.

ちかミーヤー：すぐ近くです。 It’s close by. Mi Ya Su⎤gu chi⎤kaku de⎤su.

いっしょい一緒に行きましょう。 We can go together. Issho ni ikimasho⎤o.

かいと海斗：こっちだよ。 This way. Kaito Kocchi⎤ da yo.

タム：はい。ありがとうございます。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ OK. Tam Ha i. Ari gatoo gozaima su. Thank you very much.

Vocabulary すみませんどこぼくたち excuse me where we sumimase⎤n do⎤ko bo⎤kutachi ちかいっしょうちすぐ近く一緒に home very near together uchi su⎤gu chi⎤kaku issho ni い行くこっちはい go this way OK iku kocchi⎤ ha⎤i

6 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Asking for directions

Key Phrase

はるさんハウスはどこですか。 Haru-san-Ha⎤usu wa do⎤ko de⎤su ka.

Where is Haru-san House? “[place] wa doko desu ka.” “Wa” To ask for directions, say is a topic-marker “は（ha）” particle that comes after a noun. It's written as in Hiragana but is “wa.” “desu ka” “doko” pronounced as Adding after the interrogative or “where” and raising your intonation makes a question.

Use It!

すみません。トイレはどこですか。 Sumimase⎤n. To⎤ire wa do⎤ko de⎤su ka.

あそこです。 Asoko de⎤su.

Excuse me. Where is the toilet? It’s over there. Try It Out!

すみません。～はどこですか。 Excuse me. Where is XXX? Sumimase⎤n. ~wa do⎤ko de⎤su ka.

えき ① 駅 ② コンビニ e⎤ki konbini

station convenience store

ありがとうございます。 Bonus Phrase Ari⎤gatoo gozaima⎤su.

Thank you very much. This expresses gratitude. If you're thanking someone close to you, like a “arigatoo.” friend or a family member, you can use the short version https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 7 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN The Sound of Japanese

Most syllables in Japanese are made up of one consonant and one vowel. か ka k a consonant vowel

The Japanese accent comes from the pitch, not strong or weak sounds. Each word has a set accent pattern. Some have a flat pitch; others have a set place where the pitch goes down, which is represented by the ⎤ mark.

rain candy

It rained. Candy dropped.

えき ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① すみません。駅はどこですか。 Sumimase n. E ki wa do ko de su ka. ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② すみません。コンビニはどこですか。 Sumimase n. Konbini wa do ko de su ka.

8 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L がくせい 2 タムです。学生です Tamu desu. Gakusee desu

I’m Tam. I’m a student.

Today’s Skit

ミーヤー：ただいま。 I’m home. Mi Ya Tadaima.

かいとあたらじゅうにんつ海斗：はるさん、新しい住人が着きましたよ。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Haru-san, the new resident Kaito Ha ru-san, atarashi i juunin ga tsukima shita yo. has arrived. はる：はーい。 OK. Haru Haa⎤i.

ようこそいらっしゃいました。 Welcome. Yo⎤okoso irasshaima⎤shita.

タム：え、ロボット？ Oh, a robot? Tam E, ro⎤botto?

かいとおおや海斗：そう。大家のはるさんです。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ That's right. Kaito So o. O oya no Ha ru-san de su. This is our landlady, Haru-san. タム：はじめまして。 Hello. Tam Hajimema⎤shite.

がくせいタムです。学生です。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ I’m Tam. Ta mu de su. Gakusee de su. I’m a student. ねがよろしくお願いします。 Nice to meet you. Yoroshiku onegai-shima⎤su.

Vocabulary あたらじゅうにんつ新しい住人着く new resident arrive atarashi⎤i juunin tsu⎤ku おおやがくせいロボット大家学生 robot landlord/landlady student ro⎤botto o⎤oya gakusee https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 9 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Introducing yourself with name and occupation Key Phrase

がくせいタムです。学生です。 Ta⎤mu de⎤su. Gakusee de⎤su.

I’m Tam. I’m a student. “［name/occupation］ desu,” “desu” As in comes after a noun to make a sentence. “A wa B desu” In or “A is B,” A is the topic or subject and B explains that. In “A wa” “watashi wa” the key phrase, the part, which is or “I am” is omitted. Use It!

がくせいはじめまして。アンナです。学生です。 Hajimema⎤shite. A⎤nna de⎤su. Gakusee de⎤su.

すずきはじめまして。鈴木です。 Hajimema⎤shite. Suzuki de⎤su.

Hello. I’m Anna. I’m a student. Hello. I’m Suzuki. Try It Out!

はじめまして。【name】です。【occupation】です。 Hello. I'm［name］. Hajimema⎤shite.【name】 de⎤su.【occupation】 de⎤su.

かいしゃいんきょうI'mし a［occupation］. ① トーマス会社員 ② エリン教師 To⎤omasu kaisha⎤in E⎤rin kyo⎤oshi

Thomas company employee Erin teacher

ねがよろしくお願いします。 Bonus Phrase Yoroshiku onegai-shima⎤su.

Nice to meet you. You say this to a person who'll be taking care of you. It's often used in self- introductions. If the person you're speaking to is a friend or someone younger “yoroshiku.” than you, you can shorten it to just 10 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Japanese Characters

Japanese has three types of characters -- Kanji, Hiragana and Katakana. For example, in Japanese “Watashi wa Tamu desu” or “I'm Tam” would be:

私はタムです

“私” is a Kanji, “は” and “です” are Hiragana, and “タム” is a Katakana.

Katakana is used to write names and words from other languages. Hiragana is used for other things. The phonetic letters of Katakana and Hiragana were made from Kanji. Kanji are ideograms used to write out major ideas.

Katakana: a Hiragana: a Kanji: yama（mountain）

Signboards written in Japanese

かいしゃいん ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① はじめまして。トーマスです。会社員です。 Hajimema shite. To omasu de su. Kaisha in de su. きょうし ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② はじめまして。エリンです。教師です。 Hajimema shite. E rin de su. Kyo oshi de su. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 11 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L き 3 ベトナムから来ました Betonamu kara kimashita

I’m from Vietnam.

Today’s Skit

かいとた海斗：タムさん、たくさん食べてね。 ⎤ ⎤ Enjoy the meal, Tam-san. Kaito Ta mu-san, takusan ta bete ne.

タム：はい。 ⎤ Thanks, I will. Tam Ha i. きタムです。ベトナムから来ました。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ I’m Tam. Ta mu de su. Betonamu kara kima shita. I came from Vietnam. ちゅうごくミーヤー：ミーヤーです。中国からです。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ I’m Mi Ya. Mi Ya Mi iyaa de su. Chu ugoku kara de su. I'm from China. しゃしんか写真家です。 I’m a photographer. Shashinka de⎤su.

かいとかいとがくせい海斗：ぼくは海斗。学生です。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ I’m Kaito. Kaito Bo ku wa Ka ito. Gakusee de su. I’m a student. おおやはる：わたくし、大家のはるです。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ I’m the landlady, Haru. Haru Watakushi, o oya no Ha ru de su.

なんしミーヤー：はるさんは何でも知っています。 ⎤ ⎤ Haru-san knows everything. Mi Ya Ha ru-san wa nan de mo shitte ima su.

ねがタム：そうですか。よろしくお願いします。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Oh really? Tam So o de su ka. Yoroshiku onegai-shima su. Nice to meet you.

Vocabulary たくたくさん食べる来る a lot eat come takusan tabe⎤ru ku⎤ru しゃしんかし写真家ぼく知っている photographer I（ m a l e ） know shashinka bo⎤ku shitte iru

12 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Saying where you're from

Key Phrase

きベトナムから来ました。 Betonamu kara kima⎤shita.

I’m from Vietnam. “［place］ kara kimashita.” “Kara” To say where you're from, use is a particle “Kimashita” that indicates the starting point or place of origin. is the past “kuru” “desu” tense of the verb or “to come.” You can replace this with and say “Betonamu kara desu” or “I'm from Vietnam.”

Use It!

どちらからですか。 Do⎤chira kara⎤ de⎤su ka.

きアメリカから来ました。 Amerika kara kima⎤shita.

Where are you from? I’m from America. Try It Out! き～から来ました。 I'm from XXX. ~kara kima⎤shita.

① タイ ② ブラジル Ta⎤i Burajiru

Thailand Brazil

そうですか。 Bonus Phrase So⎤o de⎤su ka.

Oh really? This is a response that acknowledges you understand what the person you're talking to has said. Be sure not to raise your intonation at the end of the sentence. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 13 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

How to Greet People in Japan

Bowing is customary in Japan when exchanging greetings. Your relationship with the other person determines how deeply you bow.

If he or she is older or ranks higher than you in some way, the bow is deep. If the person is your peer or younger than you, just a nod may be enough. Handshakes and hugs are not so common.

©AFLO ©The Japan Foundation

き ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① タイから来ました。 Ta i kara kima shita. き ⎤ ② ブラジルから来ました。 Burajiru kara kima shita.

14 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L だいがくにほんごべんきょう 4 大学で日本語を勉強します Daigaku de Nihongo o benkyoo-shimasu

I’m going to study Japanese at a university. Today’s Skit

タム：これ、どこですか。 Where is this? Tam Kore, do⎤ko de⎤su ka.

おきなわミーヤー：沖縄です。 It’s Okinawa. Mi Ya Okinawa de⎤su.

タム：へえ。 Wow! Tam Hee.

きょうとミーヤー：これは京都です。 This is Kyoto. Mi Ya Kore wa Kyo⎤oto de⎤su.

きょうと京都はとてもきれいですよ。 Kyoto is very beautiful. Kyo⎤oto wa totemo ki⎤ree de⎤su yo.

タム：そうですね。 I think so too. Tam So⎤o de⎤su ne.

にほんなにミーヤー：タムさんは日本で何をしますか。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Tam-san, what are you Mi Ya Ta mu-san wa Niho n de na ni o shima su ka. going to do in Japan? だいがくにほんごべんきょうタム：大学で日本語を勉強します。 ⎤ I’m going to study Japanese Tam Daigaku de Nihongo o benkyoo-shima su. at a university. ミーヤー：いいですね。 That’s great. Mi Ya I⎤i de⎤su ne.

たのタム：はい、楽しみです。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Yes, Tam Ha i, tanoshi mi de su. I’m looking forward to it.

Vocabulary だいがくにほんごべんきょう大学日本語勉強する university Japanese language study daigaku Nihongo benkyoo-suru https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 15 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Saying what you're going to do

Key Phrase

だいがくにほんごべんきょう大学で日本語を勉強します。 Daigaku de Nihongo o benkyoo-shima⎤su.

I’m going to study Japanese at a university. To express what you're going to do, use the verb's MASU-form (that ends with “masu” “benkyoo-shimasu” ) such as or “I will study.” This form is used when “De” “o” speaking politely. is a particle indicating a place, and is a particle expressing the object. The verb comes at the end of the sentence.

Use It!

にほんなに日本で何をしますか。 Niho⎤n de na⎤ni o shima⎤su ka.

かもの買い物をします。 Kaimono o shima⎤su.

What are you going to do in Japan? I’m going to go shopping. Try It Out!

【object】を～ます。 I'm going to XXX［object］. 【object】o～ma⎤su.

てんたたかぶきみみ ① 天ぷら食べます（食べる） ② 歌舞伎見ます（見る） tenpura tabema⎤su（tabe ⎤ru） kabuki mima⎤su（mi ⎤ru）

tempura going to eat kabuki going to see

たの楽しみです。 Bonus Phrase Tanoshi⎤mi desu.

I’m looking forward to it. This is a phrase to express something you're happily expecting.

16 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Mi Ya’s Travel Guide

Beauty of Various Places Around Japan

You can enjoy the scenery of four distinct seasons around the country. For example, spring is the season for cherry blossoms. Kyoto is a prime place for seeing them. In summer, lots of people enjoy mountain climbing and going to the beach. In autumn, the coloring of the leaves is beautiful. Winter brings pure white snow. You can enjoy skiing and other winter sports.

Kyoto Hokkaido

©Niseko Village

©Ninnaji-Temple

Nikko, Tochigi Pref.

Okinawa

©Nikko Toshogu Shrine

©OCVB

てんた ⎤ Answer ① 天ぷらを食べます。 Tenpura o tabema su. かぶきみ ⎤ ② 歌舞伎を見ます。 Kabuki o mima su. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 17 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L べんきょう 5 ラジオで勉強しました Rajio de benkyoo-shimashita

I studied by listening to the radio.

Today’s Skit

きょうがっこうはる：タムさん、今日から学校ですね。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Tam-san, your school starts Haru Ta mu-san, kyo o kara gakkoo de su ne. today, doesn't it? タム：はい。 Yes. Tam Ha⎤i.

はる：あらまあ！どうしたんですか。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Oh! Haru A ra ma a! Do o shitan de su ka. What’s wrong? にほんごしんぱいタム：日本語が心配です。 ⎤ I’m nervous about Tam Nihongo ga shinpai de su. my Japanese. にほんごじょうずはる：タムさんは日本語、お上手ですよ。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Tam-san, Haru Ta mu-san wa Nihongo, ojoozu de su yo. your Japanese is fine. タム：いいえ、まだまだです。 No, it's not good enough. Tam Iie, ma⎤da ma⎤da de⎤su.

べんきょうはる：ベトナムで勉強したんでしょう？ ⎤ You studied it in Vietnam, Haru Betonamu de benkyoo-shita n deshoo? right? べんきょうタム：はい、ラジオで勉強しました。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Yes, I studied by listening Tam Ha i, ra jio de benkyoo-shima shita. to the radio. だいじょうぶはる：それなら、大丈夫ですよ。 Then, you'll be OK. Haru Sore na⎤ra, daijo⎤obu de⎤su yo.

Vocabulary きょうしんぱい今日はい心配（な） today yes anxious kyo⎤o ha⎤i shinpai (na) じょうずだいじょうぶ上手（な）ラジオ大丈夫（な） skillful radio OK joozu⎤ (na) ra⎤jio daijo⎤obu (na)

18 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Saying how you studied Japanese

Key Phrase

べんきょうラジオで勉強しました。 Ra⎤jio de benkyoo-shima⎤shita.

I studied by listening to the radio. To express something you did in the past, change the end of the verb's MASU- “masu” “mashita.” “De” “rajio de” form from to in indicates the means. The “watashi wa” “Nihongo o” subject or “I am” and the object or “Japanese” have been omitted because they're clear from the context.

Use It!

にほんごべんきょうあ、日本語！どうやって勉強しましたか。 A, Nihongo! Do⎤oyatte benkyoo-shima⎤shita ka.

べんきょうインターネットで勉強しました。 Intaane⎤tto de benkyoo-shima⎤shita.

Oh, Japanese! How did you study? I studied online.

Try It Out! べんきょう～で勉強しました。 I studied with/at XXX. ~de benkyoo-shima⎤shita.

がっこう ① アニメ ② 学校 anime gakkoo

anime school

いいえ、まだまだです。 Bonus Phrase Iie, ma⎤da ma⎤da de⎤su.

No, it's not good enough. “Iie” This humble expression can be used when someone praises you. means “mada mada desu” “no” and means “not enough.” https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 19 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

Expressions of Humility

If someone compliments you, saying “Your Japanese is good,” how would you answer?

1） Thank you very much. 2） No, it’s not good enough. 3） Yes, I studied at the university.

Most Japanese people would answer in a humble way and say it's not good enough as in 2） “Iie, madamada desu.” Japanese has lots of other humble expressions. For example, even when someone has prepared a table full of delicacies for a guest, a common way to present the food would be “We have nothing but this.”

べんきょう ⎤ Answer ① アニメで勉強しました。 Anime de benkyoo-shima shita. がっこうべんきょう ⎤ ② 学校で勉強しました。 Gakkoo de benkyoo-shima shita.

20 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L でんしゃいけぶくろい 6 この電車は池袋に行きますか Kono densha wa Ikebukuro ni ikimasu ka

Does this train go to Ikebukuro?

Today’s Skit

タム：すみません。 Excuse me. Tam Sumimase⎤n.

えきいん駅員：はい。 Yes. Station staff Ha⎤i.

でんしゃいけぶくろいタム：この電車は池袋に行きますか。 ⎤ ⎤ Does this train go to Tam Kono densha wa Ikebu kuro ni ikima su ka. Ikebukuro? えきいんい駅員：いいえ、行きません。 No, it doesn’t. Station staff Iie, ikimase⎤n.

いけぶくろやまのてせん池袋は山手線です。 ⎤ ⎤ Ikebukuro is on the Ikebu kuro wa Yamanote-sen de su. Yamanote Line. やまのてせんタム：山手線はどこですか。 ⎤ ⎤ Where is the Yamanote Tam Yamanote-sen wa do ko de su ka. Line? えきいんばんせん駅員：３番線です。 Platform number three. Station staff San-ban-sen de⎤su.

タム：わかりました。 I see. Tam Wakarima⎤shita.

ありがとうございます。 Thank you very much. Ari⎤gatoo gozaima⎤su.

Vocabulary でんしゃこの電車いいえ this train no kono densha iie やまのてせんばんせん山手線～番線わかる Yamanote Line platform number XXX understand Yamanote-sen ～ban-sen waka⎤ru https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 21 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Checking where public transportation is headed Key Phrase

でんしゃいけぶくろこの電車は池袋に行きますか。 Kono densha wa Ikebu⎤kuro ni ikima⎤su ka.

Does this train go to Ikebukuro? “Kono［vehicle］ wa［location］ To ask where public transportation is going, say ni ikimasu ka.” “Kono” means “this” and goes before a noun. It shows you're “ni” asking about the vehicle in front of you. The particle indicates the “Ikimasu” “iku” destination. is the verb or “to go” in the MASU-form. Use It!

でんしゃあきはばらいこの電車は秋葉原に行きますか。 Kono densha wa Akiha⎤bara ni ikima⎤su ka.

いあきはばらばんせんいいえ、行きません。秋葉原は１番線です。 Iie, ikimase⎤n. Akiha⎤bara wa ichi-ban-sen de⎤su.

Does this train go to Akihabara? No, it doesn’t. Akihabara is platform number one. Try It Out! いこの【vehicle】は【location】に行きますか。 Does this［vehicle］ Kono【vehicle】 wa【location】 ni ikima⎤su ka. go to［location］? くうこうでんしゃしんじゅく ① バス空港 ② 電車新宿 ba⎤su kuukoo densha Shinjuku

bus airport train Shinjuku

Numbers（1-10） 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Step-up ichi ni san yo n go roku na na hachi kyu u ju u

22 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

Railway System in Japan

Japan's railway system spreads across the country. Big cities, in particular, are filled with lines, including subways. They’re also connected by Shinkansen bullet trains and express trains, making long- distance travel convenient.

Japan's railway system has many lines

©Tokyo Metro Tokyo Station

To buy a ticket, first, check the price on the fare list. Then, insert the money in the ticket machine. If you get a prepaid IC card, you can just touch in and out at ticket gates. The fare is deducted automatically.

©JR EAST

Remember that stations and trains are very crowded in rush hours.

くうこうい ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① このバスは空港に行きますか。 Kono ba su wa kuukoo ni ikima su ka. でんしゃしんじゅくい ⎤ ② この電車は新宿に行きますか。 Kono densha wa Shinjuku ni ikima su ka. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 23 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L はな 7 ゆっくり話してください Yukkuri hanashite kudasai

Please speak slowly.

Today’s Skit となりあやか：隣、いい？ May I sit next to you? Ayaka Tonari, i⎤i? タム：え？はい。 Oh. Yes. Tam E? Ha⎤i. りゅうがくせいあやか：ありがとう。留学生なの？ ⎤ ⎤ Thank you. Ayaka Ari gatoo. Ryuugaku see na no? Are you a foreign student? タム：すみません。よくわかりません。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ I’m sorry. Tam Sumimase n. Yo ku wakarimase n. I don’t quite understand. はなゆっくり話してください。 Please speak slowly. Yukku⎤ri hana⎤shite kudasa⎤i. あやか：あ、ごめん、ごめん。 Oh, sorry, sorry. Ayaka A, gomen, gomen. あなたはりゅうがくせいですか。 Are you a foreign student? Ana⎤ta wa ryuugaku⎤see de⎤su ka. わたしはあやかです。 I’m Ayaka. Watashi wa A⎤-YA-KA de⎤su. よろしくね。 Nice to meet you. Yoroshiku ne. わたしタム：はい。私はタムです。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Yes. Tam Ha i. Watashi wa Ta mu de su. I’m Tam. ねがよろしくお願いします。 Nice to meet you too. Yoroshiku onegai-shima⎤su.

Vocabulary はなわたしゆっくり話す私 slowly speak I yukku⎤ri hana⎤su watashi

24 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Asking someone to speak more slowly Key Phrase

はなゆっくり話してください。 Yukku⎤ri hana⎤shite kudasa⎤i.

Please speak slowly. “［the TE-form of a verb］ + kudasai.” To make a request, use The TE-form is a “te” “de.” “Hanashite” conjugated verb that ends with or is the TE-form of “hanasu” or “speak.” Japanese verbs are categorized into three groups. Conjugation of the TE-form varies by group. （See pp. 150-151） Use It!

いちどいすみません。もう一度言ってください。 Sumimase⎤n. Moo ichi-do itte kudasa⎤i.

あ、はい。 A, ha⎤i.

I’m sorry. Please say it again. Oh, OK. Try It Out!

すみません。～てください。 I’m sorry. Please XXX. Sumimase⎤n. ～te kudasa⎤i.

えいごいいじかか ① 英語で言う（ → 言って） ② ローマ字で書く（ → 書いて） Eego de iu（→itte） Roomaji de ka⎤ku（→ka ⎤ite）

speak in English write in the alphabets

すみません。よくわかりません。 Bonus Phrase Sumimase⎤n. Yo⎤ku wakarimase⎤n.

I’m sorry. I don’t quite understand. Use this when you can't understand what the speaker said to you. Putting “yoku” “wakarimasen” before or “don't understand” makes it more polite. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 25 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Kaito Is Your Food Guide!

Japanese Dishes

Popular Japanese dishes include nigirizushi, slices of raw fish on top of vinegared rice, and sukiyaki seasoned with soy sauce and sugar.

Nigirizushi Sukiyaki

M. Nakamura/S. Ebisu

Rice is the staple food in Japan. People usually eat steamed rice with fish, meat, and vegetables. Miso soup or some other kind of soup often comes with the meal. Western dishes such as spaghetti and stew can be found everywhere.

Everyday meals

©Ken Mochizuki

えいごい ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① すみません。英語で言ってください。 Sumimase n. Eego de itte kudasa i. じか ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② すみません。ローマ字で書いてください。 Sumimase n. Roomaji de ka ite kudasa i.

26 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L ともだち 8 友達のあやかさんです Tomodachi no Ayaka-san desu

This is my friend, Ayaka-san.

Today’s Skit

あやか：わあ、すごい！きれいだね。 ⎤ ⎤ Wow, fantastic! Ayaka Waa, sugo i! Ki ree da ne. Beautiful. タム：はい。 Yes it is. Tam Ha⎤i.

おくミーヤー：ああ、タム、遅れてごめんなさい。 Tam, sorry I’m late. Mi Ya A⎤a, Ta⎤mu, okurete gomen nasa⎤i.

ともだちタム：友達のあやかさんです。 ⎤ ⎤ This is my friend, Tam Tomodachi no A yaka-san de su. Ayaka-san. ミーヤー：こんにちは。ミーヤーです。 ⎤ ⎤ Hi. Mi Ya Konnichiwa. Mi iyaa de su. I’m Mi Ya. あやか：ああ、ミーヤーさん！ Ah, Mi Ya-san! Ayaka A⎤a, Mi⎤iyaa-san!

しゃしんと写真を撮ってるんでしょう？ ⎤ ⎤ I’ve heard you’re Shashin o to tteru n deshoo? a photographer. すごいなあ。 That's wonderful. Sugo⎤i naa.

わたしと私も撮ってくださいね。 ⎤ ⎤ Would you take my picture Watashi mo to tte kudasa i ne. too? ミーヤー：あ、はい・・・。 Uh, sure. Mi Ya A, ha⎤i...

Vocabulary おくともだち遅れるごめんなさい友達 be late sorry friend okureru gomen nasa⎤i tomodachi https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 27 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Introducing friends and others

Key Phrase

ともだち友達のあやかさんです。 Tomodachi no A⎤yaka-san de⎤su.

This is my friend, Ayaka-san. “［your relationship To introduce family members and friends to others, say with the person］ no［name (san)］desu.” “no” The particle connects one noun “San” to another, with the first noun modifying the next. is an honorific title that's added to a name, but it's not used for yourself or family members. Use It!

ともだちたなか友達の田中さんです。 Tomodachi no Tanaka-san de⎤su.

たなかはじめまして。田中です。 Hajimema⎤shite. Tanaka de⎤su.

ねがはじめまして。よろしくお願いします。 Hajimema⎤shite. Yoroshiku onegai-shima⎤su.

This is my friend, Tanaka-san. Hello. I’m Tanaka. Hello. Nice to meet you. Try It Out! 【relationship】の【name（さん）】です。 This is my［relationship］, ［name （san）］. 【relationship】 no【name （-san）】 de⎤su.

いもうとどうりょう ① 妹アンナ ② 同僚ヤンさん imooto A⎤nna dooryoo Ya⎤n-san

younger sister Anna colleague Jan-san

Greetings Morning Daytime Evening おはよう（ございます）こんにちはこんばんは Step-up ohayoo（gozaima ⎤su） konnichiwa⎤ konbanwa⎤

28 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Mi Ya’s Travel Guide

Spots for Tokyo Scenic Views

The Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building, where the skit took place, is in Shinjuku. Its observatory is open to the public. You can enjoy a panoramic view of Tokyo 202 meters above ground. If the weather is good, you can even see Mount Fuji.

Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building View from the observatory

©TCVB ©Tokyo Metropolitan Government

Tokyo Tower is famous for its bright orange and white coloring. Tokyo Skytree near Asakusa was built in 2012, becoming the world's tallest tower. Both are beautiful when they're lit up at night.

Tokyo Tower（333m） Tokyo Skytree（634m）

©TOKYO TOWER ©TOKYO-SKYTREE

いもうと ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 妹のアンナです。 Imooto no A nna de su. どうりょう ⎤ ⎤ ② 同僚のヤンさんです。 Dooryoo no Ya n-san de su. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 29 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L なん 9 これは何ですか Kore wa nan desu ka

What is this?

Today’s Skit

かいとちか海斗：ここが「デパ地下」だよ。 This is the the department Kaito Koko ga depa-chika da yo. store's basement deli. たものマイク：いろんな食べ物があって、いいよね。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ They have all kinds of food. Mike Ironna tabemo no ga a tte, i i yo ne. It's great. タム：わあ、すごい。 Wow, this is amazing. Tam Waa, sugo⎤i.

なんこれは何ですか。 What is this? Kore wa na⎤n de⎤su ka.

かいとだいこんつけもの海斗：大根の漬物だよ。 A pickled daikon radish. Kaito Daikon no tsukemono da yo.

たマイク：食べてみる？ Do you want to try it? Mike Ta⎤bete mi⎤ru?

タム：いただきます。 Yes, thank you. Tam Itadakima⎤su.

おいしいです。 It's good. Oishi⎤i de⎤su.

かいとた海斗：これも食べてみる？ ⎤ ⎤ Do you want to try this one Kaito Kore mo ta bete mi ru? too?

Vocabulary ちかたものここデパ地下食べ物 here basement deli food koko depa-chika tabemo⎤no なんつけものこれ何漬物 this what pickled vegetable kore na⎤n tsukemono

30 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Asking the names of things you don't know Key Phrase

なんこれは何ですか。 Kore wa na⎤n de⎤su ka.

What is this? To ask the name of something you don't know, point to the thing and ask “Kore/Sore/Are wa nan desu ka.” “kore.” For something close to you, use For “sore.” something close to the person you're talking to, use If the thing is far “are.” “Nan” from you and the person you're speaking to, use is an interrogative meaning “what.”

Use It!

なんすみません。これは何ですか。 Sumimase⎤n. Kore wa na⎤n de⎤su ka.

ちゃお茶です。 Ocha de⎤su.

Excuse me. What is this? It’s tea. Try It Out! なんこれ／それ／あれは何ですか。 What is this/that/that over there? Kore/Sore/Are wa na⎤n de⎤su ka.

① ②

おいしいです。 Bonus Phrase Oishi⎤i de⎤su.

It’s delicious. Someone who treats you will be happy if you use this phrase. You can also “Oishii!” simply say https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 31 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Kaito Is Your Food Guide!

“Depa-chika”: Treasure Troves of Food

“Depa-chika,” department store basement delis, sell a wide variety of food including ready-made dishes, bento box lunches, desserts, and bread. Sometimes, free samples are available. “Depa-chika” are convenient because you can buy your favorite dishes and then eat them at home or in your hotel room.

©Isetan Mitsukoshi Holdings

Pickled vegetables

Ready-made dishes Bread and cheese

Sweets

なん Answer ① それは何ですか。 ⎤ ⎤ や Sore wa na n de su ka. （これ？たい焼きです。）（Kore？ Taiyaki de⎤su.）なん ⎤ ⎤ ② あれは何ですか。 Are wa na n de su ka. や ⎤ （あれはたこ焼きです。）（Are wa takoyaki de su.）

32 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L 10 このドライヤーはいくらですか Kono doraiyaa wa ikura desu ka

How much is this hair dryer?

Today’s Skit

タム：たくさんありますね！ So many hair dryers! Tam Takusan arima⎤su ne!

あやか：すごいでしょう？ Amazing, don't you think? Ayaka Sugo⎤i deshoo?

これはサラサラヘア。 ⎤ This one makes your hair Kore wa sarasara he a. silky smooth. でこれはツヤが出るタイプ。 ⎤ ⎤ And this one makes your Kore wa tsuya ga de ru ta ipu. hair shine. タム：へえ、いくらですか。 ⎤ ⎤ Hmm. Tam Hee, i kura de su ka. How much is it? かあやか：セールって書いてある。きいてみよう。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ The sign says it's on sale. Ayaka Se eru tte ka ite a ru. Kiite miyo o. Let's ask the clerk. タム：すみません。 Excuse me. Tam Sumimase⎤n.

このドライヤーはいくらですか。 How much is this hair dryer? Kono doraiyaa wa i⎤kura de⎤su ka.

てんいんえん店員： 9,900円です。 9,900 yen. Clerk Kyuu-se⎤n-kyuu-hyaku⎤-en de⎤su.

たかタム：え！高すぎます。 ⎤ Oh my! Tam E! Takasugima su. That's too expensive for me.

Vocabulary かいくら書くドライヤー how much write hair dryer i⎤kura ka⎤ku doraiyaa https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 33 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Asking how much something costs Key Phrase

このドライヤーはいくらですか。 Kono doraiyaa wa i⎤kura de⎤su ka.

How much is this hair dryer? “ikura desu ka” When asking how much something costs, say or “how much “Kono/Sono/Ano［thing］ is it?” When you mention the name of the thing, ask wa ikura desu ka.” “Ikura” is an interrogative meaning “how much?”

Use It!

すいはんきすみません。この炊飯器はいくらですか。 Sumimase⎤n. Kono suiha⎤n-ki wa i⎤kura de⎤su ka.

えん 8,700円です。 Hasse⎤n-nanahyaku⎤-en de⎤su.

Excuse me. How much is this rice cooker? 8,700 yen. Try It Out!

すみません。この／その／あの～はいくらですか。 Sumimase⎤n. Kono/Sono/Ano ～ wa i⎤kura de⎤su ka.

Excuse me. How much is（are）this/that/that over there XXX? ちゃわん ① イヤホン ② 茶碗 i⎤yahon chawan

earphones rice bowl

Larger Numbers 1 2 3 6 8 10 ju⎤u ni⎤juu sa⎤njuu rokuju⎤u hachiju⎤u 100 hyaku⎤ nihyaku⎤ sa⎤nbyaku roppyaku⎤ happyaku⎤ Step-up 1000 se⎤n nise⎤n sanze⎤n rokuse⎤n hasse⎤n ※1,234 se⎤n-nihyaku-sa⎤njuu-yo⎤n

34 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

Japanese Bills and Coins

Japan has four kinds of paper money: 1,000-, 2,000-, 5,000-, and 10,000- yen bills. But you rarely see 2,000-yen bills around.

Japanese bills

As for coins, there are 6 types: one yen, five, ten, 50, 100, and 500. People have plenty of opportunity to use them, with vending machines on almost every corner. But the machines don’t take one-yen or five- yen coins. So, they stay in your pocket until you shop at a store.

Japanese coins

The proper etiquette when giving cash gifts for marriages and other celebrations is to insert new bills in envelopes specifically used for that occasion.

⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① すみません。あのイヤホンはいくらですか。 Sumimase n. Ano iyahon wa i kura de su ka. ちゃわん ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② すみません。この茶碗はいくらですか。 Sumimase n. Kono chawan wa i kura de su ka. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 35 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L まも 11 お守りはありますか Omamori wa arimasu ka

Do you have any lucky charms?

Today’s Skit

みミーヤー：この T シャツ、見て。 Look at this T-shirt. Mi Ya Kono tii-shatsu, mi⎤te.

にんじゃか「忍者」って書いてある。 It says “ninja.” “Ni⎤nja” tte ka⎤ite a⎤ru.

タム：わあ、にんじゃ！ Wow, ninja! Tam Waa, ni⎤nja!

てんいん店員：いらっしゃいませ。 May I help you? Clerk Irasshaima⎤se.

タム：すみません。 Yes, excuse me. Tam Sumimase⎤n.

まもお守りはありますか。 ⎤ Do you have any lucky Omamori wa arima su ka. charms? てんいん店員：ちょっと・・・。ここにはありませんねえ。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Sorry… Clerk Cho tto... Koko ni wa arimase n nee. We don't carry those. まもてらミーヤー：タム、お守りはお寺にあるよ。 ⎤ ⎤ Tam, they have amulets Mi Ya Ta mu, omamori wa otera ni a ru yo. at the temple. てらタム：お寺ですか。 The temple? Tam Otera de⎤su ka.

いミーヤー：行きましょう。 Let's go. Mi Ya Ikimasho⎤o.

Vocabulary まもてらお守りあるお寺 amulet be temple omamori a⎤ru otera

36 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Asking whether what you want is available Key Phrase

まもお守りはありますか。 Omamori wa arima⎤su ka.

Do you have any lucky charms? When you want to ask whether a shop has something you're looking for, say “［thing］ wa arimasu ka.” “Wa” “Arimasu” is a topic-marker particle. is the “aru” MASU-form of the verb which indicates the existence of something.

Use It!

ちずすみません。地図はありますか。 Sumimase⎤n. Chi⎤zu wa arima⎤su ka.

はい、こちらです。 Ha⎤i, kochira de⎤su.

Excuse me. Do you have a map? Yes, here it is. Try It Out!

すみません。～はありますか。 Excuse me. Do you have XXX? Sumimase⎤n. ～ wa arima⎤su ka.

せんすにんじゃ ① 扇子 ② 忍者の T シャツ sensu ni⎤nja no tii-shatsu

folding fan ninja T-shirt

いらっしゃいませ。 Bonus Phrase Irasshaima⎤se.

May I help you? A greeting used when customers enter shops and restaurants. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 37 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Mi Ya’s Travel Guide

Strolling Around Asakusa

Asakusa is a popular tourist spot in Tokyo. The Kaminarimon Gate, with a huge red lantern, is the entrance to Sensoji Temple. The Nakamise Street stretches out from there.

Kaminarimon Gate Sensoji Temple Main Hall

©Sensoji ©Sensoji

Many shops selling souvernirs, sweets and other things line both sides of the street. At the end of the street is the temple's main hall.

Nakamise Street Ningyo-yaki, or doll-shaped pancake

©Sensoji ©Ganso Ningyouyaki Kimurayahonten

せんす ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① すみません。扇子はありますか。 Sumimase n. Sensu wa arima su ka. にんじゃ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② すみません。忍者の T シャツはありますか。 Sumimase n. Ni nja no tii-shatsu wa arima su ka.

38 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L まも 12 かわいいお守りですね Kawaii omamori desu ne

This is a cute amulet, isn't it?

Today’s Skit

まもタム：これ、かわいいお守りですね。 ⎤ ⎤ This is a cute amulet, Tam Kore, kawai i omamori de su ne. isn't it? ほんとうミーヤー：本当、かわいい。 Yes, it's really cute. Mi Ya Hontoo, kawai⎤i.

タム：これもいいですね。 This one is nice too. Tam Kore mo i⎤i de⎤su ne.

しょくいんえんむすまも職員：それは縁結びのお守りです。 ⎤ ⎤ That's an en-musubi Clerk Sore wa enmu subi no omamori de su. charm. えん 800円になります。 It costs 800 yen. Happyaku⎤-en ni narima⎤su.

タム：えんむす・・・。 En-musu… Tam Enmusu...

えんむすこいびとまもミーヤー：縁結び。恋人ができるお守り。 ⎤ ⎤ En-musubi. Mi Ya Enmu subi. Koibito ga deki ru omamori. It's for matchmaking. タム：じゃあ、これをください。 Then I'll take this. Tam Ja⎤a, kore o kudasa⎤i.

Vocabulary ほんとうかわいい本当いい cute really good kawai⎤i hontoo i⎤i えんむすそれ縁結び～になる that matchmaking costs XXX sore enmu⎤subi ～ni na⎤ru こいびと恋人できるじゃあ boyfriend/girlfriend have a new then koibito deki⎤ru ja⎤a https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 39 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Expressing impressions and explaining things -- Part 1 Key Phrase

まもかわいいお守りですね。 Kawai⎤i omamori de⎤su ne.

This is a cute amulet, isn't it? “kawaii omamori” Adjectives are placed before nouns they modify, as in or “cute amulet.” A sentence can also end with an adjective. Adjectives that end “i,” “kawaii” with such as or “cute,” are called I-adjectives.

Use It!

み見て、この T シャツ。 Mi⎤te, kono tii-shatsu.

おもしろいですね。 Omoshiro⎤i de⎤su ne.

Look at this T-shirt. That’s interesting, isn't it? Try It Out!

【I-adjective】ですね。 It's［I-adjective］, isn't it？【I-adjective】 de⎤su ne.

おおたか ① 大きい ② 高い ooki⎤i taka⎤i

g bi expensive

これをください。 Bonus Phrase Kore o kudasa⎤i.

I’ll take this. Say this and point to the item you want in a restaurant or shop. 40 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Mi Ya’s Travel Guide

Shrines and Temples in Japan

You can find shrines and temples all across the country. Shinto gods have long been worshipped at shrines. Temples are home to Buddhism. Many shrines and temples are popular among tourists. Famous ones include Meiji Jingu Shrine, Sensoji Temple and Zojoji Temple in Tokyo.

Meiji Jingu Shrine Gate Zojoji Temple

©Zojoji

Izumo Taisha Shrine in Shimane Prefecture, known as the land of myths, and Todaiji Temple in Nara that has the Great Buddha statue are also well-known.

Izumo Taisha Shrine The Great Buddha at Todaiji Temple

©Nara City Tourist Association /Tatehiko Yano

おお ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 大きいですね。 Ooki i de su ne. たか ⎤ ⎤ ② 高いですね。 Taka i de su ne. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 41 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L ゆきみ 13 雪が見たいです Yuki ga mitai desu

I want to see the snow.

Today’s Skit

にほんなはる：日本には慣れましたか。 ⎤ ⎤ Have you gotten used to Haru Niho n ni wa narema shita ka. Japan? タム：はい。 Yes. Tam Ha⎤i.

にほんはる：日本でどんなことがしたいですか。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ What do you want to do Haru Niho n de do nna koto ga shita i de su ka. while you're in the country? ゆきみタム：ええと、雪が見たいです。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Let's see. Tam Eeto, yuki ga mita i de su. I want to see the snow. ほっかいどうい北海道に行きたいです。 I want to go to Hokkaido. Hokka⎤idoo ni ikita⎤i de⎤su.

ほっかいどうミーヤー：北海道！いいね。 ⎤ ⎤ Hokkaido! Mi Ya Hokka idoo! I i ne. Sounds good. ともだちあタム：あと・・・友達に会いたいです。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Also... Tam A to...tomodachi ni aita i de su. I want to see my friend. はる：おや？ Uh oh! Haru Oya?

だいじょうぶかおあかミーヤー：大丈夫？顔が赤いよ。 ⎤ Are you OK? Mi Ya Daijo obu? Kao ga akai yo. You're blushing.

Vocabulary にほん日本どんなする Japan what kind of do Niho⎤n do⎤nna suru ゆきみあ雪見る会う snow see meet yuki⎤ mi⎤ru a⎤u

42 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Saying what you want to do

Key Phrase

ゆきみ雪が見たいです。 Yuki⎤ ga mita⎤i de⎤su.

I want to see the snow. “masu” “tai.” To say what you want to do, change in the verb's MASU-form to “Mitai” “mimasu” “miru” “Desu” is the TAI-form of （ or “to see”）. at the end makes “o” “ga.” it polite. To indicate the object of what you want to do, use particles or

Use It!

なに日本で何がしたいですか。 Niho⎤n de na⎤ni ga shita⎤i de⎤su ka.

たラーメンが食べたいです。 Ra⎤amen ga tabeta⎤i de⎤su.

What do you want to do in Japan？ I want to eat ramen. Try It Out!

～たいです。 I want to XXX. ～ta⎤i de⎤su.

きんかくじいいゆかたかか ① 金閣寺行きます（行く） ② 浴衣買います（買う） Ki⎤nkakuji ikima⎤su（iku） yukata kaima⎤s u（ k a u ）

Kinkakuji Temple go summer kimono buy

だいじょうぶ大丈夫？ Bonus Phrase Daijo⎤obu？

Are you OK？ Use this phrase when you're concerned about someone. A more polite version “daijoobu desu ka.” is https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 43 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

Lifestyle in Japanese Homes

Japanese houses often have Japanese-style room both Japanese-style and Western-style rooms. In Japanese-style rooms, the flooring is tatami mats made of woven rush straw. People sit around low tables on floor cushions and sleep on futon mattress placed directly on the tatami. Western-style room Western-style rooms have wooden or carpeted floors, and people often use tables and chairs in them. Western-style rooms have now become more common. Many houses blend the two styles.

Futon mattresses

きんかくじい ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 金閣寺に行きたいです。 Ki nkakuji ni ikita i de su. ゆかたか ⎤ ⎤ ② 浴衣が買いたいです。 Yukata ga kaita i de su.

44 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L にほんい 14 日本へ行ってみたいです Nihon e itte mitai desu

I want to go to Japan someday.

Today’s Skit

わたしタム：こんにちは。私はタムです。 ⎤ ⎤ Hello. Tam Konnichiwa. Watashi wa Ta mu de su. I'm Tam. ゆうきゆうき悠輝：あ、ぼく、悠輝です。 Oh, I'm Yuuki. Yuuki A, bo⎤ku, Yu⎤uki de⎤su.

にほんごタムさん、日本語ができるんですね！ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Tam-san, Ta mu-san, Nihongo ga deki run de su ne! you can speak Japanese! すこタム：少しだけです。 Only a little. Tam Sukoshi dake⎤ de⎤su.

べんきょうラジオで勉強しました。 ⎤ ⎤ I studied by listening Ra jio de benkyoo-shima shita. to the radio. ゆうき悠輝：へえ。すごいですね。 ⎤ ⎤ Oh. Yuuki Hee. Sugo i de su ne. That's impressive. にほんいタム：日本へ行ってみたいです。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ I want to go to Japan Tam Niho n e itte mita i de su. someday. ゆうきき悠輝：ぜひ来てください。 Please come. Yuuki Ze⎤hi ki⎤te kudasa⎤i.

あんないぼくが案内しますよ。 I'll show you around. Bo⎤ku ga anna⎤i-shima⎤su yo.

Vocabulary すこできる少しだけ can a little only deki⎤ru suko⎤shi dake あんないすごいぜひ案内する impressive please show around sugo⎤i ze⎤hi anna⎤i-suru https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 45 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Saying what you want to try

Key Phrase

にほんい日本へ行ってみたいです。 Niho⎤n e itte mita⎤i de⎤su.

I want to go to Japan someday. “［the TE-form of a verb］＋ mitai.” “Itte” To say what you want to try, use in “itte mitai” “iku” “desu” is the TE-form of the verb or “to go.” Adding at the end makes it polite. This expression is used to express things you've never experienced before. （See pp. 150-151）

Use It!

にほんなに日本で何がしたいですか。 Niho⎤n de na⎤ni ga shita⎤i de⎤su ka.

すもうみそうですね・・・。相撲を見てみたいです。 So⎤o de⎤su ne... Sumoo o mi⎤te mita⎤i de⎤su.

What do you want to do in Japan？ Let’s see... I want to see sumo someday. Try It Out!

～てみたいです。 I want to XXX someday. ～te mita⎤i de⎤su.

ふじさんのぼのぼしんかんせんのの ① 富士山に登る（ → 登って） ② 新幹線に乗る（ → 乗って） Fu⎤jisan ni noboru（→nobotte） Shinka⎤nsen ni noru（→notte）

climb Mt. Fuji ride a Shinkansen bullet train

すこ少しだけです。 Bonus Phrase Sukoshi dake⎤ de⎤su.

Only a little. This expression of humility is used when someone praises your ability. 46 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

Sumo

Sumo is said to be Japan’s national sport. The winner is the one who first makes his opponent fall to the ground or forces him out of the ring. The way the huge wrestlers throw themselves against each other is amazing. Grand tournaments take place six times a year in odd- numbered months.

Sumo match

Some sumo stables allow fans to watch morning practice sessions.

Morning practice

ふじさんのぼ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 富士山に登ってみたいです。 Fu jisan ni nobotte mita i de su. しんかんせんの ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② 新幹線に乗ってみたいです。 Shinka nsen ni notte mita i de su. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 47 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L さるおんせんねが 15 猿の温泉までお願いします Saru no onsen made onegai-shimasu

To the monkey hot spring, please.

Today’s Skit

うんてんしゅ運転手：どちらまで？ Where to? Driver Do⎤chira ma⎤de?

さるおんせんねがミーヤー：猿の温泉までお願いします。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ To the monkey hot spring, Mi Ya Sa ru no onsen ma de onegai-shima su. please. うんてんしゅ運転手：はい、わかりました。 OK, certainly. Driver Ha⎤i, wakarima⎤shita.

はじこちらは初めてですか。 Is this your first time here? Kochira wa haji⎤mete de⎤su ka.

はじミーヤー：はい、初めてです。 Yes it is. Mi Ya Ha⎤i, haji⎤mete de⎤su.

さるしゃしんとい猿の写真を撮りに行きます。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ I'm going to take pictures Sa ru no shashin o to ri ni ikima su. of the monkeys. うんてんしゅ運転手：そうですか。 Is that so? Driver So⎤o de⎤su ka.

きょうさむ今日は寒いから、 It's cold today, Kyo⎤o wa samu⎤i kara, さるおんせんはい猿がたくさん温泉に入ってますよ。 so lots of them should be sa⎤ru ga takusan onsen ni ha⎤itte ma⎤su yo. in the hot spring.

Vocabulary さるおんせんどちら猿温泉 where monkey hot spring do⎤chira sa⎤ru onsen ねがはじさむお願いする初めて寒い ask first time cold onegai-suru haji⎤mete samu⎤i

48 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Telling the taxi driver your destination Key Phrase

さるおんせんねが猿の温泉までお願いします。 Sa⎤ru no onsen ma⎤de onegai-shima⎤su.

To the monkey hot spring, please. “［place］ made onegai-shimasu.” To tell the taxi driver your destination, say “Made” “Onegai- is a particle that means “to” and indicates the destination. shimasu” “onegai-suru” is the MASU-form of the verb or “to ask.” It can be used when making requests. （See Step-up）

Use It!

どちらまでですか。 Do⎤chira ma⎤de de⎤su ka.

くうこうねが空港までお願いします。 Kuukoo ma⎤de onegai-shima⎤su.

Where to？ To the airport, please. Try It Out! ねが～までお願いします。 To XXX, please. ～ma⎤de onegai-shima⎤su

とうきょう ① 東京スカイツリー ② このホテル Tookyoo Sukai-tsuri⎤i kono ho⎤teru

Tokyo Skytree this hotel

How to use “onegai-shimasu” Chekku-a⎤uto, onegai-shima⎤su. Check out, please. Koohi⎤i, onegai-shima⎤su. Coffee, please. Step-up Okaikee, onegai-shima⎤su. Check, please. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 49 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

Taxis in Japan

Most airports, stations, hotels, and tourist spots have taxi stands. The driver will open and close the rear door by remote control. The fare is displayed on the meter. Tips are not expected.

©Nihon Kotsu ©Daiichi Koutsu Sangyo

The electronic sign on the front window displays the Kanji characters meaning “vacant.” At nighttime, the light on the roof of an available taxi is also illuminated.

“Vacant” sign

©Nikko

©Nihon Kotsu

とうきょうねが ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 東京スカイツリーまでお願いします。 Tookyoo Sukai-tsuri i ma de onegai-shima su. ねが ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② このホテルまでお願いします。 Kono ho teru ma de onegai-shima su.

50 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L ゆうめいおんせん 16 有名な温泉です Yuumeena onsen desu

This is a famous hot spring.

Today’s Skit

さるミーヤー：わあ、猿がいっぱい！ Wow, so many monkeys! Mi Ya Waa, sa⎤ru ga ippai!

つましゃしんと妻：たくさん写真を撮っているのね。 You're taking a lot of photos. Wife Takusan shashin o to⎤tte iru no ne.

かいがいミーヤー：はい。ここは海外でも Yes. This is a world-famous Mi Ya Ha⎤i. Koko wa ka⎤igai de mo ゆうめいおんせん hot spring. 有名な温泉です。 yuumeena onsen de⎤su.

おっと夫：へえ、そうなんだ。 Oh, is that so? Husband Hee, so⎤o nan da.

さるおんせんはい猿が温泉に入るのは You can't see monkeys Sa⎤ru ga onsen ni ha⎤iru no wa めずら bathing in many other 珍しいからね。 places. mezurashi⎤i kara ne.

さるあかミーヤー：あ、猿の赤ちゃん。かわいい。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Oh, a baby monkey. Mi Ya A, sa ru no a kachan. Kawai i. How cute.

Vocabulary しゃしんとわあいっぱい写真を撮る wow many take a photo waa ippai shashin o to⎤ru かいがいゆうめい海外有名（な）そうなんだ overseas famous is that so ka⎤igai yuumee（na） so⎤o na⎤n da おんせんはいめずらあか温泉に入る珍しい赤ちゃん bathe in a hot spring rare baby onsen ni ha⎤iru mezurashi⎤i a⎤kachan

https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 51 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Expressing impressions and explaining things -- Part 2 Key Phrase

ゆうめいおんせん有名な温泉です。 Yuumeena onsen de⎤su.

This is a famous hot spring. “na” NA-adjectives are adjectives that end with when modifying a noun. A sentence can be made by putting a NA-adjective at the end and replacing “na” “desu.” “Yuumee desu” with （ or “It's famous.”）

Use It!

げんきさる元気な猿ですね。 Ge⎤nkina sa⎤ru de⎤su ne.

ほんとうげんき本当！元気ですね。 Hontoo！ Ge⎤nki de⎤su ne.

It's a lively monkey, isn't it? It sure is! It’s lively. Try It Out!

【NA-adjective】～ですね。 It's（a）［NA-adjective］ XXX, isn't it? 【NA-adjective】～ de⎤su ne.

しずばしょけしき ① 静か（な）場所 ② きれい（な）景色 shi⎤zuka（na） basho ki⎤ree（na） ke⎤shiki

quiet place beautiful scenery

へえ。 Bonus Phrase Hee.

Oh. This phrase is used to express admiration or surprise at what someone has said.

52 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Mi Ya’s Travel Guide

Hot Springs in Japan

Japan's many volcanoes result in hot springs across the country. The color, scent, and texture of the water differs from place to place. Hot springs are therapeutic and are said to help people recover from exhaustion. Many people stay at hot spring inns with family members or friends, reveling in long baths and savoring the food.

Nyuto Onsenkyo（Akita Pref.）

©Nyuto Onsen Association

Kusatsu Onsen（Gunma Pref.）

Beppu Onsen （Oita Pref.）

©Kusatsu Onsen Tourist Association

しずばしょ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 静かな場所ですね。 Shi zukana basho de su ne. けしき ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② きれいな景色ですね。 Ki reena ke shiki de su ne.

https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 53 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L にほんりょこう 17 日本を旅行しています Nihon o ryokoo-shite imasu

I've been traveling around Japan.

Today’s Skit

つまねが妻：おそば3つ、お願いします。 Soba for three, please. Wife Oso⎤ba mittsu, onegai-shima⎤su.

てんいん店員：はーい。 Got it. Clerk Haai.

つまにほんかんこう妻：日本へは、観光ですか。 ⎤ ⎤ Are you in Japan Wife Niho n e wa, kankoo de su ka. for sightseeing? わたししゃしんかミーヤー：ええと、私は写真家で、 Um, I'm a photographer, Mi Ya Eeto, watashi wa shashinka de, にほんかいがいしょうかい and I've been introducing 日本のことを海外に紹介しています。 this country to people Nihon no koto⎤ o ka⎤igai ni shookai-shite ima⎤su. overseas.

にほんりょこうそれで、日本を旅行しています。 ⎤ ⎤ That's why I've been Sore de, Niho n o ryokoo-shite ima su. traveling around Japan. おっと夫：それはすばらしいね。 That's wonderful. Husband Sore wa subarashi⎤i ne.

てんいんま店員：お待たせしました。 Here you go. Clerk Omatase-shima⎤shita.

Vocabulary かんこうそば／おそば観光ええと buckwheat noodles sightseeing um so⎤ba / oso⎤ba kankoo eeto しょうかいこと紹介するそれで thing introduce that's why koto⎤ shookai-suru sore de りょこうま旅行するすばらしいお待たせしました travel wonderful here you go ryokoo-suru subarashi⎤i omatase-shima⎤shita

54 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Telling people what you’re doing now

Key Phrase

にほんりょこう日本を旅行しています。 Niho⎤n o ryokoo-shite ima⎤su.

I’ve been traveling around Japan. “［the verb's TE-form] + To express something that you're doing now, use imasu.” “Ryokoo-shite imasu” “ryokoo-suru” is the TE-form of or “to travel” “ryokoo-shite” “imasu.” which is followed by （See pp. 150-151） Use It!

りょこう旅行ですか。 Ryokoo de⎤su ka.

りょこうはい。あちこち旅行しています。 Ha⎤i. Achi⎤kochi ryokoo-shite ima⎤su.

Are you on a trip？ Yes. I've been traveling here and there. Try It Out!

～ています。 I'm XXXing. ～te ima⎤su.

にほんごべんきょうべんきょうしごと ① 日本語を勉強する（ → 勉強して） ② 仕事をする（→して） Nihongo o benkyoo-suru（→benkyoo-shite） shigoto o suru（→shite）

study Japanese work

Numbers Used When Ordering 1 2 3 4 5 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Step-up hito tsu futatsu mittsu yottsu itsu tsu https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 55 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Kaito Is Your Food Guide!

Japanese Soba Noodles

Soba is a Japanese traditional noodle dish, made from buckwheat flour that's boiled in hot water. You can dip it in a soy-sauce-based broth or eat in a hot bowl of mild-flavored soup.

Mori soba Kake soba （cold soba with dipping broth）（soba in a bowl of hot soup）

©Gomasoba YAGUMO

At soba restaurants inside train stations, passengers can get a quick bite to eat before catching a train.

Soba noodle stand

にほんごべんきょう ⎤ Answer ① 日本語を勉強しています。 Nihongo o benkyoo-shite ima su. しごと ⎤ ② 仕事をしています。 Shigoto o shite ima su.

56 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L たの 18 すごく楽しかったです Sugoku tanoshikatta desu

It was really fun.

Today’s Skit

はる：おかえりなさい。 Welcome home. Haru Okaerinasai.

ながの長野はどうでしたか。 How was Nagano? Na⎤gano wa do⎤o de⎤shita ka.

たのミーヤー：すごく楽しかったです。 It was really fun. Mi Ya Sugo⎤ku tanoshi⎤katta de⎤su.

しゃしんと写真をたくさん撮りました。 I took tons of photos. Shashin o takusan torima⎤shita.

たそれから、おそばも食べました。 And I ate soba. Sorekara, oso⎤ba mo tabema⎤shita.

とてもおいしかったです。 It was delicious. Totemo oishi⎤katta de⎤su.

はる：そうですか。よかったですね。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Oh really? Haru So o de su ka. Yo katta de su ne. I'm glad to hear that. ながのひとしんせつミーヤー：長野の人はとても親切でした。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ The people of Nagano Mi Ya Na gano no hito wa totemo shi nsetsu de shita. were very kind. たのりょこうタム：楽しい旅行でしたね。 ⎤ ⎤ Seems like you had Tam Tanoshi i ryokoo de shita ne. a good time.

Vocabulary たのどうすごく楽しい how really fun do⎤o sugo⎤ku tanoshi⎤i ひとしんせつそれから人親切（な） then person/people kind sorekara h i t o（ ⎤ ） shi⎤nsetsu (na) https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 57 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Expressing impressions of what you've experienced Key Phrase

たのすごく楽しかったです。 Sugo⎤ku tanoshi⎤katta de⎤su.

It was really fun. “i（desu）” “katta To make the past tense of I-adjectives, replace the final with （desu）.” With NA–adjectives and nouns, change the end of the sentence from “desu” “deshita.” to

Use It!

おおさか大阪はどうでしたか。 Oosaka wa do⎤o de⎤shita ka.

よかったです。とてもにぎやかでした。 Yo⎤katta de⎤su. Totemo nigi⎤yaka de⎤shita.

How was Osaka？ It was good. It was very lively.

Try It Out!

【I-adjective】かったです／【NA-adjective】でした。 It was［I/NA-adjective］. 【I-adjective】⎤ katta de⎤su/【NA-adjective】 de⎤shita.

① すばらしい ② きれい（な） subarashi⎤i ki⎤ree (na)

wonderful beautiful

おかえりなさい。 Bonus Phrase Okaerinasai.

Welcome home. “Okaeri.” It's a greeting for someone who has returned home. A casual version is “Okaerinasaimase.” A very formal way of saying it is

58 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Mi Ya’s Travel Guide

Shinkansen Bullet Trains in Japan

Shinkansen bullet trains cut the travel time between major cities. From Tokyo to Nagano, it takes about an hour and a half, while from Tokyo to Kyoto, it's about a little over two hours. The cars are quiet and clean, making for a comfortable ride.

Shinkansen route map（as of Sep. 2019）

Shinkansen and Mt. Fuji

Photo Courtesy of JR CENTRAL

On-board sales

©JR－CENTRAL PASSENGERS

⎤ ⎤ Answer ① すばらしかったです。 Subarashi katta de su. ⎤ ⎤ ② きれいでした。 Ki ree de shita. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 59 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L てぶくろほ 19 手袋が欲しいんですが Tebukuro ga hoshiin desu ga

I'd like a pair of gloves.

Today’s Skit

タム：あのう、すみません。 Excuse me. Tam Anoo, sumimase⎤n.

てぶくろほ手袋が欲しいんですが。 I'd like a pair of gloves. Tebu⎤kuro ga hoshi⎤in de⎤su ga.

てんいんてぶくろ店員：手袋はこちらです。 The gloves are over here. Clerk Tebu⎤kuro wa kochira de⎤su.

ミーヤー：これ、あったかそう。 These look warm. Mi Ya Kore, attakaso⎤o.

タム：いいですね。 They're nice. Tam I⎤i de⎤su ne.

これ、いくらですか。 How much are they? Kore, i⎤kura de⎤su ka.

てんいんえん店員： 1,900円です。 1,900 yen. Clerk Sen-kyuuhyaku⎤-en de⎤su.

つかタム：カードは使えますか。 Can I use a credit card? Tam Ka⎤ado wa tsukaema⎤su ka.

てんいんつか店員：はい、使えます。 Yes, you can. Clerk Ha⎤i, tsukaema⎤su.

Vocabulary てぶくろほ手袋欲しいこちら gloves want over here tebu⎤kuro hoshi⎤i kochira つかあったかいカード使う warm credit card use attaka⎤i ka⎤ado tsukau

60 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Saying what you want to buy

Key Phrase

てぶくろほ手袋が欲しいんですが。 Tebu⎤kuro ga hoshi⎤in de⎤su ga.

I’d like a pair of gloves. “［thing］ ga hoshiin desu ga.” “Hoshii” To tell a clerk what you want to buy, say “n desu ga,” means “want.” By adding you can explain your situation to the person you’re talking to and prompt that person to respond. Weaken your pitch as you lower the intonation at the end of the sentence.

Use It!

ほっかいどうみやげほあのう、すみません。北海道のお土産が欲しいんですが。 Anoo, sumimase⎤n. Hokka⎤idoo no omiyage ga hoshi⎤in de⎤su ga.

かしそうですね。このお菓子はいかがですか。 So⎤o de⎤su ne. Kono oka⎤shi wa ika⎤ga de⎤su ka.

Excuse me. I’d like a souvenir of Hokkaido. Let’s see. How about these sweets？

Try It Out! ほあのう、すみません。～が欲しいんですが。 Anoo, sumimase⎤n. ～ga hoshi⎤in de⎤su ga.

Excuse me. I'd like XXX. ふろしきかさ ① 風呂敷 ② 傘 furoshiki ka⎤sa

traditional wrapping cloth umbrella

つかカードは使えますか。 Bonus Phrase Ka⎤ado wa tsukaema⎤su ka.

Can I use a credit card? “Tsukaeru” Use this phrase to find out if you can use a credit card. or “can “tsukau” use” is the potential form of or “to use.” https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 61 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

Credit Cards in Japan

The number of Japanese stores accepting credit cards and other means of payment is increasing.

©Don Quijote

But some shops only take cash. It’s wise to prepare a certain amount of cash when traveling in Japan.

Some post offices and convenience stores have ATMs that allow cash withdrawals with credit cards.

ふろしきほ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① あのう、すみません。風呂敷が欲しいんですが。 Anoo, sumimase n. Furoshiki ga hoshi in de su ga. かさほ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② あのう、すみません。傘が欲しいんですが。 Anoo, sumimase n. Ka sa ga hoshi in de su ga.

62 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L い 20 わさびは入れないでください Wasabi wa irenaide kudasai

Please don't put wasabi in.

Today’s Skit

なんミーヤー：おすすめは何ですか。 What do you recommend? Mi Ya Osusume wa na⎤n de⎤su ka.

てんいんかいせんどん店員：このスペシャル海鮮丼が I suggest this special Chef Kono supesharu-kaisen-don ga seafood bowl! おすすめだよ！ osusume da yo!

はいイクラとウニがたっぷり入ってるよ。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ It's filled with salmon roe Ikura to u ni ga tappu ri ha itteru yo. and sea urchin. ミーヤー：じゃあ、それください。 Then that's what I'll have. Mi Ya Ja⎤a, sore kudasa⎤i.

わたしタム：私も。 Me too. Tam Watashi mo.

いあ、わさびは入れないでください。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Oh... Please don't put A, wa sabi wa irena ide kudasa i. wasabi in. てんいんぬ店員：わさび抜きね。そちらは？ ⎤ ⎤ OK, no wasabi. Chef Wa sabi nu ki ne. Sochira wa? How about you? わたしいミーヤー：私はわさびをたくさん入れてください。 ⎤ ⎤ I'd like a lot of wasabi Mi Ya Watashi wa wa sabi o takusan irete kudasa i. in mine, please.

Vocabulary かいせんどんはい海鮮丼たっぷり入る seafood bowl a lot contain kaisen-don tappu⎤ri ha⎤iru いぬわさび入れる～抜き wasabi put in without XXX wa⎤sabi ireru ～ nu⎤ki https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 63 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Asking someone not to put something in your food Key Phrase

いわさびは入れないでください。 Wa⎤sabi wa irena⎤ide kudasa⎤i.

Please don't put wasabi in. “［the NAI–form To ask someone not to put something in your food or drink, use of a verb］＋ de kudasai.” The NAI–form is a negative conjugation that ends “nai.” “ireru” “irenai.” with The NAI-form of or “to put in” is （See pp. 150-151）

Use It!

ひとこおりいオレンジジュース1つ。氷は入れないでください。 Orenji-ju⎤usu hito⎤tsu. Koori wa irena⎤ide kudasa⎤i.

かしこまりました。 Kashikomarima⎤shita.

One orange juice. Please don’t put any ice cubes in. Certainly.

Try It Out!

【something you don't want】は～ないでください。 Please don't XXX ［something you don't want］ wa ～naide kudasa⎤i. ［something you don't want］. とうがらし ① ドレッシング ② 唐辛子 dore⎤sshingu tooga⎤rashi

dressing chilli pepper つかつかかける（→かけない）使う（ → 使わない） kake⎤ru（→kake ⎤nai） tsukau（→tsukawanai）

pour on use

なんおすすめは何ですか。 Bonus Phrase Osusume wa na⎤n de⎤su ka.

What do you recommend? “Osusume” It's used to ask about a restaurant's recommended dish. means “recommendation.”

64 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Kaito Is Your Food Guide!

Enjoy Hokkaido's Seafood！

Hokkaido is surrounded by the Sea of Japan, the Sea of Okhotsk, and the Pacific Ocean, making its fishing industry robust with crab, squid, salmon, salmon roe, and other delicacies. Eating fresh seafood at places like morning markets is one of the fun parts of a trip to Hokkaido.

Morning market in Hakodate Various types of seafood

©HITCA

Discerning diners around the world recognize the taste of Hokkaido's seafood. Large quantities of scallops, in particular, make their way overseas.

©Toyako Town

⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① ドレッシングはかけないでください。 Dore sshingu wa kake naide kudasa i. とうがらしつか ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② 唐辛子は使わないでください。 Tooga rashi wa tsukawana ide kudasa i. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 65 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L とけいだいなか 21 時計台の中にいます Tokeedai no naka ni imasu

I'm in the clock tower.

Today’s Skit

かいと海斗：もしもし、タムさん。 Hello, Tam-san. Kaito Mo⎤shimoshi, Ta⎤mu-san.

いま今、どこにいるの？ Where are you now? I⎤ma, do⎤ko ni iru⎤ no?

とけいだいなかタム：時計台の中にいます。 I'm in the clock tower. Tam Tokeedai no na⎤ka ni ima⎤su.

かいとなか海斗：え、中？ Oh, inside? Kaito E, na⎤ka?

いじゃあ、ぼくもすぐそっちに行くね。 Then I'll be right there. Ja⎤a, bo⎤ku mo su⎤gu socchi⎤ ni iku ne.

タム：わかりました。 All right. Tam Wakarima⎤shita.

かいとミーヤー：あ、海斗！こっち、こっち ! ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Ah, Kaito! Mi Ya A, Kai to! Kocchi , kocchi ! Over here! かいとおそ海斗：ごめん、遅くなって。 Sorry I'm late. Kaito Gome⎤n, osoku na⎤tte.

Vocabulary いまもしもし今いる hello now be mo⎤shimoshi i⎤ma iru とけいだいなか時計台中すぐ clock tower inside soon tokeedai na⎤ka su⎤gu おそそっちごめん遅くなる there sorry be late socchi⎤ gome⎤n osoku na⎤ru

66 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Describing where you are

Key Phrase

とけいだいなか時計台の中にいます。 Tokeedai no na⎤ka ni ima⎤su.

I'm in the clock tower. “［place］ ni imasu.” To tell someone where you are, use To give a more precise “［landmark］ no［your description, use the name of a landmark and say location］ “tokeedai no naka” ni imasu.” （Example: or “inside the clock tower”）

Use It!

いま今、どこにいますか。 I⎤ma, do⎤ko ni ima⎤su ka.

かいさつまえ改札の前にいます。 Kaisatsu no ma⎤e ni ima⎤su.

Where are you now? I’m in front of the ticket gate.

Try It Out!

【landmark】の【my location】にいます。 I’m［my location］［landmark］. ［landmark］ no［my location］ ni ima⎤su.

なかよこ ① コンビニ中 ② インフォメーション横 konbini na⎤ka infome⎤eshon yoko

convenience store inside information center next to

わかりました。 Bonus Phrase Wakarima⎤shita.

All right. This expression indicates you understood what the speaker said. It comes “wakaru” from the verb or “to understand.” https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 67 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

Convenience Stores

Many convenience stores in Japan are open 24/7. They sell a wide range of things such as boxed meals, sandwiches, sweets, drinks, and daily necessities. You can also withdraw money at their ATMs and pick up concert tickets you booked online.

Multi-service machine

なか ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① コンビニの中にいます。 Konbini no na ka ni ima su. よこ ⎤ ⎤ ② インフォメーションの横にいます。 Infome eshon no yoko ni ima su.

68 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L しゃしんと 22 写真を撮りましょう Shashin o torimashoo

Let's take a photo.

Today’s Skit

ミーヤー：すごい！ This is amazing! Mi Ya Sugo⎤i!

みみタム、見て見て! Look Tam, look! Ta⎤mu, mi⎤te mi⎤te!

おおタム：わあ、大きいですね。 Wow, it's huge. Tam Waa, ooki⎤i de⎤su ne.

はじみ初めて見ました。 ⎤ ⎤ This is the first time I've Haji mete mima shita. seen anything like this. かいとつく海斗：どうやって作ったんだろう・・・。 I wonder how it's made… Kaito Do⎤o yatte tsuku⎤ttan daro⎤o...

タム：きれいですね。 It's beautiful. Tam Ki⎤ree de⎤su ne.

しゃしんとみんなで写真を撮りましょう。 Let's take a photo together. Minna⎤ de shashin o torimasho⎤o.

ミーヤー：いいね。 Good idea. Mi Ya I⎤ine.

Vocabulary みおおはじ見る大きい初めて look huge first time mi⎤ru ooki⎤i haji⎤mete つくどうやって作るきれい（な） how make beautiful do⎤oyatte tsuku⎤ru ki⎤ree (na) しゃしんとみんなで写真を撮るいい together take a photo good minna⎤ de shashin o to⎤ru i⎤i https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 69 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Inviting someone to do something together -- Part 1 Key Phrase

しゃしんと写真を撮りましょう。 Shashin o torimasho⎤o.

Let's take a photo. “masu” To invite someone to do something with you, replace the at the end of “mashoo.” “shashin o toru” the verb's MASU-form with The verb in or “to take “toru.” “torimasu,” a photo” is The MASU-form of that is which becomes “torimashoo.”

Use It!

みせこの店に入りましょう。 Kono mise⎤ ni hairimasho⎤o.

いいですね。 I⎤i de⎤su ne.

Let's go in this store. Good idea. Try It Out!

～ましょう。 Let's XXX. ～masho⎤o.

とけいだいいいやすやす ① 時計台に行く（ → 行きます） ② ちょっと休む（ → 休みます） tokeedai ni iku（→ikima ⎤su） cho⎤tto yasu⎤mu（→yasumima ⎤su）

go to the clock tower rest for a while

すごい！ Bonus Phrase Sugo⎤i!

This is amazing! It's used when you’re surprised, impressed, or moved. A more polite version “Sugoi desu ne.” is 70 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Mi Ya’s Travel Guide

Popular Tourist Spot: Hokkaido

Hokkaido attracts many tourists for its beautiful, vast natural surroundings. Wild animals live freely in Shiretoko, a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site. Winter brings snow festivals and sports such as skiing. At the Asahiyama Zoo in Asahikawa, you can see penguins walking in line on the snow.

Sapporo Snow Festival Wild brown bear in Shiretoko

©SHIRETOKO SIGHTSEEING CRUISER DOLPHIN

©HTB

Sapporo Clock Tower

Penguins at Asahiyama Zoo

©Asahiyama Zoo

とけいだいい ⎤ Answer ① 時計台に行きましょう。 Tokeedai ni ikimasho o. やす ⎤ ⎤ ② ちょっと休みましょう。 Cho tto yasumimasho o.

https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 71 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L わたしねこす 23 私はこの猫が好きです Watashi wa kono neko ga suki desu

I like this cat.

Today’s Skit

タム：かわいい。 How cute. Tam Kawai⎤i.

たみんなごはんを食べています。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ They're all eating their Minna go han o ta bete ima su. meals. ほんとうあやか：本当にかわいいね。 They're really adorable. Ayaka Hontoo ni kawai⎤i ne.

おいで、おいで！ Come over here! Oide, oide!

わたしこす私はこの子が好き。 This one's my favorite. Watashi wa kono⎤ko ga suki⎤.

わたしねこすタム：私はこの猫が好きです。 I like this cat. Tam Watashi wa kono ne⎤ko ga suki⎤ de⎤su.

ねこマイク：猫カフェって、 Cat cafés are relaxing, Mike Neko-kafe tte, aren't they? リラックスできるよね。 rira⎤kkusu deki⎤ru yo ne.

タム：ほんとですね。 They really are. Tam Honto de⎤su ne.

Vocabulary ほんとうみんなごはん本当に everyone meal really minna go⎤han hontoo ni すねこ好き（な）猫リラックスする favorite cat relax suki⎤ (na) ne⎤ko rira⎤kkusu-suru

72 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Saying what you like

Key Phrase

わたしねこす私はこの猫が好きです。 Watashi wa kono ne⎤ko ga suki⎤ de⎤su.

I like this cat. “［thing］ ga suki desu.” “Suki” To say what you like, use or “like” is a NA- “ga.” adjective. To indicate the［thing］ you like, add the particle If you like “neko” “Neko ga suki desu.” or “cats,” say

Use It!

たものなにす食べ物は、何が好きですか。 Tabemo⎤no wa, na⎤ni ga suki⎤ de⎤su ka.

すすしが好きです。 Sushi⎤ ga suki⎤ de⎤su.

What’s your favorite food? I like sushi.

Try It Out! す～が好きです。 I like XXX. ～ga suki⎤ de⎤su.

① J-POP ② マンガ jee-po⎤ppu manga

J-pop manga

ほんとですね。 Bonus Phrase Honto de⎤su ne.

It really is. “Honto” It's used to strongly agree with someone’s opinion or impression. is a “hontoo” shortened form of or “really.” https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 73 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Pop Culture with Mike

Unique Cafés in Japan

Cafés where you can play with animals such as cats, owls, and rabbits are popular.

Rabbit café Owl café

©Happy Owl Café chouette

Maid cafés, planetarium cafés, and foot bath cafés also can be found. Foot bath café

す ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① J-POP が好きです。 Jee-po ppu ga suki de su. す ⎤ ⎤ ② マンガが好きです。 Manga ga suki de su.

74 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L なまたまごた 24 生卵は食べられません Nama-tamago wa taberaremasen

I can't eat raw eggs.

Today’s Skit

かいと海斗 & タム：いただきます。 Let's eat. Kaito & Tam Itadakima⎤su.

にほんしょくけんこうはる：日本食は健康にいいんですよ。 ⎤ ⎤ Japanese food is very Haru Nihon-shoku wa kenkoo ni i in de su yo. healthy. なまたまごタム：これ、生卵ですか。 Is this raw egg? Tam Kore, nama-ta⎤mago de⎤su ka.

はる：はい。 Yes it is. Haru Ha⎤i.

タム：すみません。 I'm sorry. Tam Sumimase⎤n.

わたしなまたまご私、生卵は I can't eat raw eggs. Watashi, nama-ta⎤mago wa た食べられません。 taberaremase⎤n.

かいとなっとう海斗：そう。じゃあ、納豆もだめ？ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ I see. Kaito So o. Ja a, natto o mo dame ? So, you don't like natto either? なっとうだいすタム：納豆！大好きです。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Natto! Tam Natto o! Da isuki de su. I love it.

Vocabulary にほんしょくけんこうなまたまご日本食健康生卵 Japanese food health raw egg nihonshoku kenkoo nama-ta⎤mago なっとうだいす納豆だめ（な）大好き（な） fermented soy beans no good favorite natto⎤o dame⎤ (na) da⎤isuki (na) https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 75 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Explaining what you can't eat

Key Phrase

なまたまごた生卵は食べられません。 Nama-ta⎤mago wa taberaremase⎤n.

I can't eat raw eggs. “［food］ wa taberaremasen” To express what you can't eat, say or “I can't eat “Taberaremasen” “taberareru,” ［food］.” is the polite negative form of the “taberu” potential form of the verb or “to eat.”

Use It!

たどうぞ、たくさん食べてください。 Do⎤ozo, takusan ta⎤bete kudasa⎤i.

わたしさしみたすみません。私、刺身は食べられません。 Sumimase⎤n. Watashi, sashimi⎤ wa taberaremase⎤n.

Please eat a lot. I’m sorry. I can’t eat raw fish.

Try It Out! わたしたすみません。私、～は食べられません。 I’m sorry. I can't eat XXX. Sumimase⎤n. Watashi, ～ wa taberaremase⎤n.

ぶたにく ① えび ② 豚肉 ebi butaniku

shrimp pork

いただきます。 Bonus Phrase Itadakima⎤su.

Let's eat./I'm grateful for this meal. People say this phrase before eating. It expresses thanks to those who prepared “Gochisoosama deshita.” the meal. Once the meal is over, it’s customary to say 76 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Kaito Is Your Food Guide!

Japanese Breakfast

A traditional Japanese-style breakfast includes a bowl of rice, miso soup, and grilled fish. Nowadays, many people eat a Western-style breakfast of bread, eggs, and coffee.

Japanese-style breakfast Western-style breakfast

Hotels and inns offer various types of breakfast, including all-you-can- eat buffets. Breakfast buffet

©Hotel Okura Tokyo

わたした ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① すみません。私、えびは食べられません。 Sumimase n. Watashi, ebi wa taberaremase n. わたしぶたにくた ⎤ ⎤ ② すみません。私、豚肉は食べられません。 Sumimase n. Watashi, butaniku wa taberaremase n. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 77 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L いた 25 のどが痛いんです Nodo ga itain desu

My throat hurts.

Today’s Skit

かおいろわるはる：タムさん、顔色が悪いですよ。 Tam-san, you look pale. Haru Ta⎤mu-san, kaoiro ga waru⎤i de⎤su yo.

どうしたんですか。 What's wrong? Do⎤o shita⎤n de⎤su ka.

いたタム：のどが痛いんです。 My throat hurts. Tam No⎤do ga ita⎤in de⎤su.

はる：おやおや。 Oh, dear. Haru O⎤ya o⎤ya.

そんなときには In times like these, Sonna to⎤ki ni wa ゆ ginger honey tea may help. 「しょうがはちみつ湯」がいいですよ。 “shooga-hachimitsu⎤-yu” ga i⎤i de⎤su yo.

かいといまつくミーヤー：海斗が今、作っています。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Kaito is making you Mi Ya Ka ito ga i ma, tsuku tte ima su. some now. かいと海斗：タムさん、できたよ。 All ready, Tam-san. Kaito Ta⎤mu-san, de⎤kita yo.

はい、どうぞ。 Here you go. Ha⎤i, do⎤ozo.

だいじミーヤー：お大事に。 Take care. Mi Ya Odaiji ni.

Vocabulary かおいろわるいた顔色が悪いのど痛い pale throat hurt kaoiro ga waru⎤i no⎤do ita⎤i

78 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Saying you're not feeling well

Key Phrase

いたのどが痛いんです。 No⎤do ga ita⎤in de⎤su.

My throat hurts. “n desu” To explain your situation, such as not feeling well, put at the end of “itai” the sentence. When part of your body hurts, use the I-adjective or “hurt” “［body part］ ga itain desu.” “ga” and say The particle indicates the body part in pain.

Use It!

どうしたんですか。 Do⎤o shita⎤n de⎤su ka.

あたまいたねつ頭が痛いんです。熱があるんです。 Atama⎤ ga ita⎤in de⎤su. Netsu⎤ ga a⎤run de⎤su.

What's wrong? My head hurts. I have a fever.

Try It Out!

～んです。 My XXX hurts./I feel XXX. ～n de⎤su.

なかいたきもわる ① お腹が痛い ② 気持ちが悪い onaka ga ita⎤i kimochi ga waru⎤i

my stomach hurts I feel sick

だいじお大事に。 Bonus Phrase Odaiji ni.

Take care. It's used when you care about someone who's ill or has been injured. It expresses the hope that person will get some rest and feel better soon. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 79 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

If You Get Sick in Japan...

For symptoms that are not too serious, pharmacies and drug stores often can help. Describe your symptoms, and the pharmacist will show you some over-the-counter medicines.

For serious symptoms, visit a clinic or hospital. If you're given a prescription after being examined, you can get the medicines at a pharmacy. A list of medical institutions ready to accept foreign tourists can be found on the website of the Japan National Tourism Organization（JNTO）. To access the site, search: “For safe travels in Japan JNTO.”

Prescription medicine bag

Medicine Patient name

Three times a day After breakfast, One tablet lunch, and dinner each time

なかいた ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① お腹が痛いんです。 Onaka ga ita in de su. きもわる ⎤ ⎤ ② 気持ちが悪いんです。 Kimochi ga waru in de su.

80 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L たまごやあま 26 この卵焼き、甘くておいしいです Kono tamago-yaki, amakute oishii desu

This Japanese omelet is sweet and delicious. Today’s Skit

かいとべんとう海斗：お弁当だよ。 Here's a boxed lunch. Kaito Obentoo da yo.

つくぼくが作ったんだ。どうぞ。 I made it. Please enjoy it. Bo⎤ku ga tsuku⎤ttan da. Do⎤ozo.

ミーヤー：きれい！ Beautiful! Mi Ya Ki⎤ree!

タム：すごい！いただきます。 It looks great! Let's eat. Tam Sugo⎤i! Itadakima⎤su.

たまごやこの卵焼き、 This Japanese omelet is Kono tamago-yaki, あま sweet and delicious. 甘くておいしいです。 ama⎤kute oishi⎤i de⎤su.

かいとほんとうミーヤー：海斗は本当に Kaito, you're really Mi Ya Ka⎤ito wa hontoo ni りょうりじょうず a good cook. 料理が上手だね。 ryo⎤ori ga joozu⎤ da ne.

かいと海斗：ぼく、シェフになりたいんだ。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ I want to become a chef Kaito Bo ku, she fu ni narita in da. someday. ミーヤー：いいねえ。 That sounds good. Mi Ya I⎤i ne⎤e.

Vocabulary たまごやあまりょうり卵焼き甘い料理 Japanese omelet sweet cooking tamago-yaki amai ryo⎤ori https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 81 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Expressing multiple impressions -- Part 1 Key Phrase

たまごやあまこの卵焼き、甘くておいしいです。 Kono tamago-yaki, ama⎤kute oishi⎤i de⎤su.

This Japanese omelet is sweet and delicious. “i” To use two or more adjectives consecutively, with an I-adjective, replace the “kute,” at the end with and connect it to the next adjective.（Example: “sweet” “amai” “amakute” “na” → ） With a NA-adjective, replace the at the end with “de.” “kiree（na）” “kiree de” （Example: “beautiful” → ）

Use It!

うえのこうえん上野公園、どうでしたか。 Ueno-ko⎤oen, do⎤o de⎤shita ka.

ひろ広くて、きれいで、とてもよかったです。 Hiro⎤kute, ki⎤ree de, totemo yo⎤katta de⎤su.

How was Ueno Park？ It was spacious and beautiful, and very nice. Try It Out!

【adjective 1】くて／で【adjective 2】です（ね）。 It is［adjective 1］［adjective 1］ kute/de［adjective 2］ de⎤s u（ n e ）. and［adjective 2］（, isn't it?）ちいせいかくべんり ① 小さいかわいい ② 正確（な）便利（な） chiisa⎤i kawai⎤i seekaku（na） be⎤nri（na）

small cute punctual convenient

どうぞ。 Bonus Phrase Do⎤ozo.

Please enjoy it./Go ahead./Here you are. This word is used when offering someone a meal or giving permission. It's also used when you hand something to someone. 82 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

Let's Go “Ohanami”！

“Ohanami” is the spring custom of admiring beautiful cherry blossoms. People stroll around and sit under the trees to eat boxed lunches. Cherry blossoms appear from around March to May, coloring Japan from south to north. They take on a different aura when lit up at night.

Miharu Takizakura （Fukushima Pref.） Ohanami

Himeji Castle and cherry blossoms （Hyogo Pref.） Tokyo Midtown

©Himeji City

ちい ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 小さくてかわいいですね。 Chiisa kute kawai i de su ne. せいかくべんり ⎤ ⎤ ② 正確で便利ですね。 Seekaku de be nri de su ne.

https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 83 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L いちばん 27 どれが一番おいしいですか Dore ga ichiban oishii desu ka

Which one is the most tasty?

Today’s Skit

てんいんちゅうもん店員：ご注文は？ What would you like? Clerk Gochuumon wa?

かいとなに海斗：タムさん、何にする？ ⎤ ⎤ Tam-san, Kaito Ta mu-san, na ni ni suru? what do you want? いちばんタム：どれが一番おいしいですか。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Which one is the most Tam Do re ga ichiban oishi i de su ka. tasty? かいと海斗：みそラーメンがおすすめだよ。 ⎤ I recommend the miso Kaito Miso-ra amen ga osusume da yo. ramen. タム：みそラーメン・・・。 Miso ramen... Tam Miso-ra⎤amen...

ゆうきにほん悠輝：日本のラーメンはおいしいよ。 Japanese ramen is tasty. Yuuki Nihon no ra⎤amen wa oishii yo.

ぼくはみそラーメンが I really like it with miso. Bo⎤ku wa miso-ra⎤amen ga す好きなんだ。 suki⎤ nan da.

わたしタム：私、みそラーメンにします。 I'll have the miso ramen. Tam Watashi, miso-ra⎤amen ni shima⎤su.

Vocabulary いちばん～にするどれ一番〜 decide on XXX which most XXX ～ni suru do⎤re ichiban ～にほんみそラーメンおすすめ日本 miso ramen recommendation Japan miso-ra⎤amen osusume Niho⎤n

84 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Asking which one to choose

Key Phrase

いちばんどれが一番おいしいですか。 Do⎤re ga ichiban oishi⎤i de⎤su ka.

Which one is the most tasty? “Dore ga ichiban XXX ka.” To ask which one to choose from a few things, say “Dore” “Ichiban” or “which” is used to choose from three or more items. or “number one” coming before an adjective means “the most.”

Use It!

いちばんにんきどれが一番人気がありますか。 Do⎤re ga ichiban ninki ga arima⎤su ka.

これがおすすめです。 Kore ga osusume de⎤su.

Which one is the most popular? I recommend this one.

Try It Out! いちばんどれが一番～ですか。 Which one is the most XXX? Do⎤re ga ichiban ～ de⎤su ka.

やすとく ① 安い ② お得（な） yasu⎤i otoku（na）

cheap economical

ちゅうもんご注文は？ Bonus Phrase Gochuumon wa?

What would you like? “Chuumon” “go” Clerks use this phrase when taking orders. means “order” and is attached before it to show respect to the customer. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 85 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Kaito Is Your Food Guide!

Japanese Ramen

Ramen originally came from China, but it underwent changes in Japan. It's become one of Japan’s representative foods.

Ramen in soy sauce-based soup

©Ramen Tatsunoya

Ramen in pork bone-based soup Ramen in miso-based soup

Ramen can be made from various stocks such as chicken, pork bone, and seafood. Miso bean paste, salt, soy sauce, and other ingredients add to the taste. Lots of locales have a flavor of their own. If you're unable to eat certain foods, be sure to ask about the ingredients. Some ramen shops have Halal, allergy-free, or vegetarian items.

いちばんやす ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① どれが一番安いですか。 Do re ga ichiban yasu i de su ka. いちばんとく ⎤ ⎤ ② どれが一番お得ですか。 Do re ga ichiban otoku de su ka.

86 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L しゃしんと 28 写真を撮ってもいいですか Shashin o totte mo ii desu ka

May I take photos here?

Today’s Skit

おとなひとりねがミーヤー：大人1人お願いします。 Ticket for one adult, please. Mi Ya Otona hito⎤ri onegai-shima⎤su.

すみません。 Excuse me. Sumimase⎤n.

しゃしんと写真を撮ってもいいですか。 May I take photos here? Shashin o to⎤tte mo i⎤i de⎤su ka.

うけつけ受付：ええ、いいですよ。 Yes, you can. Clerk E⎤e, i⎤i de⎤su yo.

ミーヤー：すてき！ Wonderful! Mi Ya Suteki!

あんないがかりきゃくさま案内係：お客様、 ⎤ Ma'am, that's a bit Usher Okyakusa ma, too close. さきえんりょここから先はご遠慮ください。 koko kara saki wa goenryo-kudasa⎤i.

ミーヤー：あ、すみません。 Oh, sorry. Mi Ya A, sumimase⎤n.

Vocabulary おとな大人ええすてき（な） adult yes wonderful otona e⎤e suteki（na）きゃくさまさきえんりょお客様先遠慮する sir/ma'am further refrain okyakusa⎤ma saki enryo-suru

https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 87 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Asking for permission

Key Phrase

しゃしんと写真を撮ってもいいですか。 Shashin o to⎤tte mo i⎤i de⎤su ka.

May I take photos here? “［the verb's TE-form］＋ mo ii desu ka.” To ask permission to do something, say “-te mo ii（desu）” “Shashin o means “you can XXX” and indicates permission. totte” “shashin o toru” is or “to take a photo” in the TE-form. （See pp. 150-151）

Use It!

ふくしちゃくこの服、試着してもいいですか。 Kono fuku⎤, shichaku-shite⎤ mo i⎤i de⎤su ka.

もちろんです。 Mochi⎤ron de⎤su.

May I try these clothes on? Of course. Try It Out!

～てもいいですか。 May I XXX? ～te mo i⎤i de⎤su ka.

はいはいやすやす ① 入る（ → 入って） ② 休む（ → 休んで） ha⎤iru（→ha ⎤itte） yasu⎤mu（→yasu ⎤nde）

enter rest

Counting People 1 2 3 4 5 san-nin yo-nin go-nin hito⎤ri futari⎤ Step-up san-ni⎤n yo-ni⎤n go-ni⎤n

88 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Pop Culture with Mike

Japanese Music

Japan has many genres of music, including J-pop, anime songs, and enka to name a few. There's also traditional music using Japanese instruments such as the koto harp, the three-stringed shamisen, and wadaiko drums.

Koto performance Wadaiko performance

©Kodo, Taiko Performing Arts Ensemble/Takashi Okamoto

J-pop by itself has idol groups, rock bands, and so on, involving various artists. Music festivals across the country feature both domestic artists and those from abroad.

Summer Sonic Fuji Rock Festival

©SUMMER SONIC ©Masanori Naruse

はい ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 入ってもいいですか。 Ha itte mo i i de su ka. やす ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② 休んでもいいですか。 Yasu nde mo i i de su ka. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 89 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L えんそうきい 29 ピアノの演奏を聴きに行きました Piano no ensoo o kiki ni ikimashita

I went to listen to a piano recital.

Today’s Skit

にちようびえんそうミーヤー：日曜日に、ピアノの演奏を I went to listen to a piano Mi Ya Nichi-yo⎤obi ni, piano no ensoo o きい recital on Sunday. 聴きに行きました。 kiki ni ikima⎤shita.

はる：どうでしたか。 How was it? Haru Do⎤o de⎤shita ka.

ミーヤー：すばらしかったです。 It was wonderful. Mi Ya Subarashi⎤katta de⎤su.

はる：それはよかったですね。 That's good. Haru Sore wa yo⎤katta de⎤su ne.

しゃしんとミーヤー：写真をたくさん撮りました。 I took a lot of photos. Mi Ya Shashin o takusan torima⎤shita.

み見てください。 Please have a look. Mi⎤te kudasa⎤i.

ゆうきタム：あ！これ、悠輝さん・・・。 Oh! This is Yuuki-san… Tam A! Kore, Yu⎤uki-san...

ゆうきはる：悠輝さん？ Yuuki-san? Haru Yu⎤uki-san?

Vocabulary にちようびえんそう日曜日ピアノ演奏 Sunday piano performance nichi-yo⎤obi piano ensoo きしゃしん聴くすばらしい写真 listen wonderful photo kiku subarashi⎤i shashin

90 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Saying what you've done

Key Phrase

えんそうきいピアノの演奏を聴きに行きました。 Piano no ensoo o kiki ni ikima⎤shita.

I went to listen to a piano recital. “［the verb's MASU-form To explain the purpose for going somewhere, use without masu］＋ ni iku.” “piano no ensoo o kiku” Here, the purpose is or “to “masu” “kikimasu” listen to a piano recital.” So, remove the from （the MASU- “kiku” “ni iku.” form of or “listen”） and add

Use It!

きょうい今日、どこに行きましたか。 Kyo⎤o, do⎤ko ni ikima⎤shita ka.

はらじゅくふくかい原宿に、服を買いに行きました。 Harajuku ni, fuku⎤ o kai ni ikima⎤shita.

Where did you go today? I went to Harajuku to buy some clothes.

Try It Out! い～に行きました。 I went to XXX. ～ ni ikima⎤shita.

たたやきゅうみみ ① すしを食べる（ → 食べ） ② 野球を見る（ → 見） sushi⎤ o tabe⎤ru（→ta ⎤be） yakyuu o mi⎤ru（→mi ⎤）

eat sushi see a baseball game

Days of the Week Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday getsu- ka- sui- moku- kin- do- nichi- Step-up yo⎤obi yo⎤obi yo⎤obi yo⎤obi yo⎤obi yo⎤obi yo⎤obi https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 91 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Mi Ya’s Travel Guide

Strolling Around Kamakura

Kamakura is about an hour by train from Tokyo. It's where Japan's first warlord government was set up some 800 years ago. Famous spots include Tsurugaoka Hachimangu Shrine and the 11-meter Great Buddha statue.

Great Buddha of Kamakura Tsurugaoka Hachimangu Shrine

©Kotoku-in/KAMAKURA TOURIST ASSOC. ©TSURUGAOKA HACHIMANGU

Meigetsuin Temple Enoden

（Hydrangea in June） ©Enoshima Electric Railway

In addition to visiting historic sites, you can enjoy the seasonal views of nature as well as chic shops and cafés. The small local Enoden train is also popular.

たい ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① すしを食べに行きました。 Sushi o ta be ni ikima shita. やきゅうみい ⎤ ⎤ ② 野球を見に行きました。 Yakyuu o mi ni ikima shita.

92 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L いっしょうたおど 30 一緒に歌ったり、踊ったりしました Issho ni utattari, odottari shimashita

We sang songs and danced together.

Today’s Skit

てんいん店員：メロンパフェでございます。 ⎤ ⎤ Here are your melon Waitress Meron-pa fe de gozaima su. parfaits. タム：おいしそう！ They look delicious! Tam Oishisoo!

ゆうきミーヤー：タム、悠輝さんと、 Tam, where did you first Mi Ya Ta⎤mu, Yu⎤uki-san to, あ meet Yuuki-san? どこで会ったの？ do⎤ko de a⎤tta no?

タム：ベトナムです。 In Vietnam. Tam Betonamu de⎤su.

しょうがっこう小学校でボランティアをしました。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ We were volunteering Shooga kkoo de bora ntia o shima shita. at an elementary school. いっしょうたおど一緒に歌ったり、踊ったりしました。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ We sang songs and Issho ni utatta ri, odotta ri shima shita. danced together. ミーヤー：そうだったの。 I see. Mi Ya So⎤o datta no.

ゆうきあタム：はい。悠輝さんに会いたいです。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Yes. I'd like to meet him Tam Ha i. Yu uki-san ni aita i de su. again.

Vocabulary しょうがっこうメロンパフェ小学校ボランティア melon parfait elementary school volunteer meron-pa⎤fe shooga⎤kkoo bora⎤ntia いっしょうたおど一緒に歌う踊る together sing dance issho ni utau odoru https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 93 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Expressing a variety of past and future actions Key Phrase

いっしょうたおど一緒に歌ったり、踊ったりしました。 Issho ni utatta⎤ri, odotta⎤ri shima⎤shita.

We sang songs and danced together. To list some examples out of a number of actions, use the TARI-form of a “te” “tari.” verb. Change the at the end of the verb's TE-form to To express “shimashita” something you've done, end the sentence with or “did.”

Use It!

ほっかいどうなに北海道で何をしますか。 Hokka⎤idoo de na⎤ni o shima⎤su ka.

おんせんはいハイキングをしたり、温泉に入ったりしたいです。 Ha⎤ikingu o shita⎤ri, onsen ni ha⎤ittari shita⎤i de⎤su.

What are you going to do in Hokkaido? I want to go hiking and go bathing in a hot spring.

Try It Out!

【verb 1】たり、【verb 2】たりしました。／したいです。［verb 1］tari,［verb 2］tari shima⎤shita./shita⎤i de⎤su.

I did/want to［verb 1］and［verb 2］. ① ② <かwhatもの you did> 買い物をする（→したり）お寺に行く（ → 行ったり） kaimono o suru（→shita ⎤ri） otera ni iku（→itta ⎤ri）

go shopping go to a temple

うみおよおよきものきき海で泳ぐ（ → 泳いだり）着物を着る（ → 着たり） u⎤mi de oyo⎤gu（→ oyo⎤idari） kimono o kiru（→kita ⎤ri）

swim in the ocean wear a kimono

おいしそう！ Bonus Phrase Oishisoo!

They look delicious! It's used when something looks delicious. To say “delicious” while eating, use “Oishii.”

94 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Kaito Is Your Food Guide!

Japanese Sweets

You can find all kinds of sweet things in Japan, such as traditional Japanese and Western confections. Japanese sweets include rice cakes, rice crackers, and bean-paste buns. Some are connected to the seasons, such as rice cakes using cherry blossoms and leaves in spring. In summer, you'll find sweets that look like starry skies and clear streams.

Sakuramochi Summer-only Japanese confection

©Toraya Confectionery ©Toraya Confectionery

Many items considered to be Western-style have spawned variations in Japan. For example, Japanese shortcake may look like strawberry shortcake, but it uses a sponge cake. You can savor the colors of fruit- filled parfaits.

Japanese shortcake Melon parfait

©FUJIYA ©SHINJUKU TAKANO

かものうみおよ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 買い物をしたり、海で泳いだりしました。 Kaimono o shita ri, u mi de oyo idari shima shita. てらいきものき ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② お寺に行ったり、着物を着たりしたいです。 Otera ni itta ri, kimono o kita ri shita i de su. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 95 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L いっしょい 31 一緒に行きませんか Issho ni ikimasen ka

Why don't we all go together?

Today’s Skit

こんどどようびかいとマイク：今度の土曜日、海斗と I'm going to the Ninja Mike Ko⎤ndo no do-yo⎤obi, Ka⎤ito to にんじゃはくぶつかんい Museum with Kaito this 忍者博物館に行きます。 Saturday. Ninja-Hakubutsu⎤kan ni ikima⎤su.

ほんとうミーヤー：マイクさんは、本当に Mike-san, you really like Mi Ya Ma⎤iku-san wa, hontoo ni にんじゃす ninja, don’t you? 忍者が好きですね。 ni⎤nja ga suki⎤ de⎤su ne.

マイク：はい。 Yeah. Mike Ha⎤i.

いっしょいみんなで一緒に行きませんか。 ⎤ ⎤ Why don't we all Minna de issho ni ikimase n ka. go together? どようびミーヤー：ああ、土曜日はちょっと・・・。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Oh, Saturday isn't good Mi Ya A a, do-yo obi wa cho tto... for me… わたしじゅぎょうタム：私も授業があります。 I have classes too. Tam Watashi mo ju⎤gyoo ga arima⎤su.

かいとざんねん海斗：残念。 Too bad. Kaito Zanne⎤n.

ふたりいじゃあ、2人で行こう。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Then it'll just be the two Ja a, futari de iko o. of us going.

Vocabulary こんどはくぶつかんざんねん今度博物館残念（な） this time museum too bad ko⎤ndo hakubutsu⎤kan zanne⎤n（na）

96 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Inviting someone to do something together -- Part 2 Key Phrase

いっしょい一緒に行きませんか。 Issho ni ikimase⎤n ka.

Why don't we go together? “masu” To invite someone to do something, change the of the verb's MASU- “masen ka” “Masen” form to and raise the intonation. is a negative form, but “masen ka,” “ii with it becomes an invitation. To accept the invitation, you say desu ne” or “sounds good.”

Use It!

こんばんいっしょたい今晩、一緒にごはんを食べに行きませんか。 Ko⎤nban, issho ni go⎤han o ta⎤be ni ikimase⎤n ka.

いいいですね。行きましょう。 I⎤i de⎤su ne. Ikimasho⎤o.

Why don't we go out to dinner tonight? Sounds good. Let's go.

Try It Out!

～ませんか。 Why don't we XXX? ～mase⎤n ka.

① みんなでバーベキューをする（→します） minna⎤ de baabe⎤kyuu o suru（→shima ⎤su）

have a barbecue with everyone いっしょうたうた ② 一緒に歌う（ → 歌います） issho ni utau（→utaima ⎤su）

sing together

どようび土曜日はちょっと・・・。 Bonus Phrase Do-yo⎤obi wa cho⎤tto...

Saturday isn't good for me… “Chotto” This expression is used to decline an invitation. means “a little.” However, stretching out the ending and weakening the pitch creates the nuance that you’re reluctantly declining. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 97 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Pop Culture with Mike

Secrets of the Ninja

Ninja were like spies or special forces who were active after the 15th century during the age of rival warlords. The history of ninja is somewhat murky. Ninja were famous for their costumes. They often disguised themselves as merchants, monks, or traveling entertainers to make their way into enemy territory.

Ninja in disguise

Ninja used tools such as shuriken stars and made use of their knowledge of firearms and gunpowder. They sometimes even employed psychological tactics to complete their missions. Warlords valued them as technical experts.

⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① みんなでバーベキューをしませんか。 Minna de baabe kyuu o shimase n ka. いっしょうた ⎤ ② 一緒に歌いませんか。 Issho ni utaimase n ka.

98 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L にんじゃはくぶつかんい 32 忍者博物館まで、どう行ったらいいですか Ninja-Hakubutsukan made, doo ittara ii desu ka

How can I get to the Ninja Museum?

Today’s Skit

かいとにあ海斗：マイク、似合うね。かっこいい。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Mike, it suits you. Kaito Ma iku, nia u ne. Kakkoi i. You look cool. マイク：うれしいな。 I'm glad you like it. Mike Ureshi⎤i na.

あのう、すみません。 Er, excuse me. Anoo, sumimase⎤n.

にんじゃはくぶつかん忍者博物館まで、 How can I get to Ninja-Hakubutsu⎤kan ma⎤de, い the Ninja Museum? どう行ったらいいですか。 do⎤o itta⎤ra i⎤i de⎤su ka.

つうこうにんみちい通行人：この道をまっすぐ行ってください。 Go straight down this road. Passerby Kono michi o massu⎤gu itte kudasa⎤i.

はくぶつかんひだり博物館は、左にあります。 The museum is on the left. Hakubutsu⎤kan wa, hidari ni arima⎤su.

マイク：わかりました。 I see. Mike Wakarima⎤shita.

ありがとうございます。 Thank you very much. Ari⎤gatoo gozaima⎤su.

かいとい海斗：さあ、行こう！ OK, let's get going! Kaito Sa⎤a, iko⎤o!

Vocabulary みちかっこいいうれしい道 cool happy road kakkoi⎤i ureshi⎤i michi https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 99 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Asking how to get to your destination Key Phrase

にんじゃはくぶつかんい忍者博物館まで、どう行ったらいいですか。 Ninja-Hakubutsu⎤kan ma⎤de, do⎤o itta⎤ra i⎤i de⎤su ka.

How can I get to the Ninja Museum? “［destination］ made, doo ittara ii To ask how to get to your destination, say desu ka.” “Ittara” “iku” is the verb or “to go” in the conditional form. In this case though, just memorize the phrase as a question.

Use It!

きんかくじいあのう、すみません。金閣寺まで、どう行ったらいいですか。 Anoo, sumimase⎤n. Ki⎤nkaku-ji ma⎤de, do⎤o itta⎤ra i⎤i de⎤su ka.

ばんの 101番のバスに乗ってください。 Hyaku-ichi⎤-ban no ba⎤su ni notte kudasa⎤i.

Er, excuse me. How can I get to Kinkakuji Temple? Please get on Bus No. 101.

Try It Out! いあのう、すみません。～まで、どう行ったらいいですか。 Er, excuse me. Anoo, sumimase⎤n. ～ma⎤de, do⎤o itta⎤ra i⎤i de⎤su ka. How can I get to XXX? しんかんせん ① このホテル ② 新幹線のホーム kono ho⎤teru shinka⎤nsen no ho⎤omu

this hotel the platform for the Shinkansen bullet train

Directions

Step-up left straight right turn hidari massu⎤gu migi magaru

100 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Mi Ya’s Travel Guide

Convenient Highway Buses

Highway buses crisscross the country, with budget-friendly fares. Popular routes from Tokyo include those to major cities such as Nagoya, Osaka, and Kyoto as well as those to Mt. Fuji, Hakone, and Kusatsu Onsen hot spring.

©Highway Bus Tokyo Station Area Bus Stop Operator ASSOC.

Taking an overnight bus will save you time because you can sleep as the bus travels. Seats can be reserved online. Some buses allow you to select particular seats. Luxury buses are more expensive but may offer more leg room or even individual compartments.

Luxury overnight bus

©WILLER ©WILLER

⎤ ① あのう、すみません。 Anoo, sumimase n. い Answer ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ このホテルまで、どう行ったらいいですか。 Kono ho teru ma de, do o itta ra i i de su ka. ⎤ ② あのう、すみません。 Anoo, sumimase n. しんかんせんい ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ 新幹線のホームまで、どう行ったらいいですか。 Shinka nsen no ho omu ma de, do o itta ra i i de su ka. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 101 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L ま 33 どのくらい待ちますか Donokurai machimasu ka

How long does it take to get in?

Today’s Skit

まマイク：どのくらい待ちますか。 ⎤ How long does it take Mike Donokurai machima su ka. to get in? かかりいんふん係員1 ： 15分くらいです。 About 15 minutes. Clerk 1 Juu-go-fun ku⎤rai de⎤su.

マイク：わかりました。 OK. Mike Wakarima⎤shita.

かいと海斗：すごい！ Awesome! Kaito Sugo⎤i!

ほんものしゅりけん本物の手裏剣だ。 A real shuriken ninja star. Honmono no shuriken da.

かかりいんまとな係員2 ：あの的に投げてください。 ⎤ ⎤ Please throw it Clerk 2 Ano mato ni na gete kudasa i. at that target. マイク：えい！ Go! Mike E⎤i!

おあ、落ちちゃった。 Ah, it dropped. A, o⎤chichatta.

Vocabulary まどのくらい待つ ~ くらい how long wait about XXX donokurai ma⎤tsu ～ ku⎤rai ほんものしゅりけん本物手裏剣あの real thing ninja star that honmono shuriken ano まとなお的投げる落ちる target throw drop mato nage⎤ru ochi⎤ru

102 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Asking how long something will take Key Phrase

まどのくらい待ちますか。 Donokurai machima⎤su ka

How long does it take to get in?（Literally: How long do I wait?） “donokurai,” To ask how long something takes, use which is an interrogative “machimasu ka” for length of time, distance, or amount. It's used with “matsu” “kakarimasu ka” “kakaru” （ or “to wait”） or （ or “to take”）.

Use It!

すみません。あと、どのくらいかかりますか。 Sumimase⎤n. A⎤to, donokurai kakarima⎤su ka.

にじゅっぷん 20分くらいです。 Nijuppun ku⎤rai de⎤su.

Excuse me. How much longer will it take? About 20 minutes.

Try It Out!

どのくらい～ますか。 How long XXX? Donokurai ～ma⎤su ka.

あるある ① 歩く（ → 歩きます） ② もつ（→もちます） aru⎤ku（→arukima ⎤su） mo⎤tsu（→mochima ⎤su）

walk last

Length of Time 5 10 15 20 30 Minutes go⎤-fun ju⎤ppun juu-go⎤-fun niju⎤ppun sanju⎤ppun Step-up 1 1.5 4 7 9 Hours ichi-ji⎤kan ichi-jikan-ha⎤n yo-ji⎤kan shichi-ji⎤kan ku-ji⎤kan

https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 103 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Pop Culture with Mike

Hands-on Tourism

Tourists can enjoy hands-on activities in Japan. Popular ones include dressing as a ninja or samurai, trying on a kimono, taking part in a tea ceremony, arranging flowers, or making Japanese sweets.

Wearing kimono Making Japanese sweets

©Nagominowa ©Shichijyokansyundo

You can also create plastic food Making food samples samples such as those found in restaurant windows.

And other facilities allow you to experience simulated earthquakes, heavy rain, fires, and tsunami. You’ll learn about disaster preparedness.

©DesignPocket

ある ⎤ Answer ① どのくらい歩きますか。 Donokurai arukima su ka. ⎤ ② どのくらいもちますか。 Donokurai mochima su ka.

104 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L よ 34 読んだことあります Yonda koto arimasu

I've read it.

Today’s Skit

タム：わあ、マンガがたくさん！ Wow, so many manga! Tam Waa, manga ga takusan!

しマイク：タムさん、このマンガ、知ってる？ Tam-san, do you know ⎤ Mike Ta mu-san, kono manga, shitteru? this manga?

よタム：はい、読んだことあります。 Yes, I've read it. Tam Ha⎤i, yo⎤nda koto⎤ arima⎤su.

にほんごよマイク：え？日本語で読んだの？ Huh? ⎤ Mike E? Nihongo de yo nda no? You read it in Japanese?

ごタム：いえ、ベトナム語です。 No, I read it ⎤ Tam Ie, Betonamugo de su. in Vietnamese.

とてもおもしろかったです。 It was really fun. Totemo omoshiro⎤katta de⎤su.

Vocabulary

しマンガたくさん知って（い）る manga many know manga takusan shitte（i） ru

よにほんご読む日本語いえ read Japanese language no yo⎤mu Nihongo ie

ごベトナム語とてもおもしろい Vietnamese language very interesting Betonamugo totemo omoshiro⎤i

https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 105 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Saying what you’ve experienced

Key Phrase

よ読んだことあります。 Yon⎤da koto⎤ arima⎤su.

I've read it. “［the TA-form of a verb］＋ koto（ga） arimasu.”To express what you've experienced, use “ta/da,” The verb's TA-form ends with indicating the action took “te/de”place in the past or has been completed.“ta/da.” To make the TA-form, change the of the verb's TE-form to （See pp. 150-151） Use It!

あしたぼんおど明日、盆踊りがありますよ。 Ashita, bon-o⎤dori ga arima⎤su yo.

ぼんおどみほんものみ盆踊り、ネットで見たことあります。でも本物は見たことないです。 Bon-o⎤dori, netto de mi⎤ta koto⎤ arima⎤su. De⎤mo honmono wa mi⎤ta koto⎤ na⎤i de⎤su.

Tomorrow, there will be a Bon dance. Bon dance, I've seen that on the Internet. But I've never seen the real thing. Try It Out!

～ことあります／ないです。 I have/haven't XXX. ～koto⎤ arima⎤su/nai⎤ de⎤su. ① ② <おきhaveなわ experienced>いい <てんhaven't experienced>たた沖縄行く（ → 行った）天ぷら食べる（ → 食べた） Okinawa iku（→itta） tenpura tabe⎤ru（→ta ⎤beta）

Okinawa go tempura eat

し知ってる？ Bonus Phrase Shitteru?

Do you know? This phrase is used among family and friends. To ask in a polite way, say “Shitte masu ka.”

106 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Pop Culture with Mike

Manga Cafés

Japanese manga cover a vast array of genres, including romance, adventure, sports, history, and literature. Manga cafés operate on time basis. Once you pay, you’re free to read as many manga as you like for a certain number of hours. Individual cubicles are often available, and many places provide TVs and internet access. Most offer unlimited beverages such as juice and tea.

Spacious browsing area

©Kaikatsu CLUB

Comfortable cubicle Refreshment corner

©Kaikatsu CLUB

おきなわい ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 沖縄、行ったことあります。 Okinawa, itta koto arima su. てんた ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② 天ぷら、食べたことないです。 Tenpura, ta beta koto na i de su. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 107 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L おおわくだにいくろた 35 大涌谷に行って、黒たまごが食べたいです Oowaku-dani ni itte, kuro-tamago ga tabetai desu

I want to go to Owakudani and then eat a black egg. Today’s Skit

はこねじつあやか：箱根には1時に着くよ。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ We'll arrive at Hakone Ayaka Hakone ni wa ichi -ji ni tsu ku yo. at one o'clock. なにタムは何がしたい？ ⎤ ⎤ Tam, what do you want to Ta mu wa na ni ga shitai? do? おおわくだにいタム：大涌谷に行って、 I want to go to Owakudani Tam Oowaku-dani ni itte, くろた and then eat a black egg. 黒たまごが食べたいです。 kuro-ta⎤mago ga tabeta⎤i de⎤su.

たまごあやかさん、卵は Ayaka-san, are the eggs A⎤yaka-san, tama⎤go wa ほんとうくろ really black? 本当に黒いんですか。 hontoo ni kuro⎤in de⎤su ka.

あやか：うん。 Yes. Ayaka U⎤n.

くろそとがわでもね、黒いのは外側だけ。 But only on the outside. De⎤mo ne, kuro⎤i no wa sotogawa dake⎤.

なかふつうたまご中は普通のゆで卵。 ⎤ ⎤ The inside is an ordinary Na ka wa futsuu no yude-ta mago. boiled egg. タム：へえ。 Oh. Tam Hee.

Vocabulary たまごくろふつう卵黒い普通 egg black ordinary tama⎤go kuro⎤i futsuu

108 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Expressing past or future actions in sequence Key Phrase

おおわくだにいくろた大涌谷に行って、黒たまごが食べたいです。 Oowaku-dani ni itte, kuro-ta⎤mago ga tabeta⎤i de⎤su.

I want to go to Owakudani and then eat a black egg. To say two or more actions in sequence, connect them by using the verb's TE- “［verb 1 in the TE-form］,［verb 2］.” form, as in In the key phrase, the verb “iku” “itte” or “to go” is changed to the TE-form to connect the two sentences.

Use It!

きょうい今日は、どこに行きましたか。 Kyo⎤o wa, do⎤ko ni ikima⎤shita ka.

びじゅつかんいはんたゆうらんせんの美術館に行って、ご飯を食べて、それから遊覧船に乗りました。 Bijutsu⎤kan ni itte, go⎤han o ta⎤bete, sorekara yuuransen ni norima⎤shita.

Where did you go today? I went to an art museum, had a meal, and then took a sightseeing cruise.

Try It Out!

【verb 1】て、（【verb 2】て、）【verb 3】たいです／ました。［verb 1］te,（［verb 2］te,）［verb 3］ta⎤i de⎤su/ma⎤shita.

I want to/did［verb 1］,（［verb 2］,）［verb 3］. ① <たかwhatおさん youのぼ wantのぼ to do> しゃしんとと高尾山に登る（ → 登って）写真を撮る（ → 撮りたいです） Takao⎤-san ni noboru（→nobotte） shashin o to⎤ru（→torita ⎤i de⎤su）

climb Mt. Takao take photos ② しぶかものはんた渋谷に行く買い物をするご飯を食べる Shibuya ni iku kaimono o suru go⎤han o tabe⎤ru いた（→行って）（→して）（→食べました）（→ itte）（→ shite）（→tabema⎤shita）

go to Shibuya go shopping have a meal

Time 1：0 0 1：3 0 2：0 0 3：0 0 4：0 0 7：0 0 9：0 0 Step-up ichi⎤-ji ichi-ji-ha⎤n ni⎤-ji sa⎤n-ji yo⎤-ji shichi⎤-ji ku⎤-ji

Hakone: Tourist Spot Near Tokyo

Hakone is in the mountains, about an hour and a half from Tokyo. It's well-known for its hot springs. Other attractions include Owakudani, where the terrain was shaped by a volcanic eruption, and the Edo era “Hakone Checkpoint.”

Owakudani Hakone Checkpoint

Hakone also has the mountain train, many art museums, and Lake Ashinoko. If the weather is good, you can enjoy a grand view of Mt. Fuji.

Hakone Tozan Train A view of Mt. Fuji from Lake Ashinoko

たかおさんのぼしゃしんと ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 高尾山に登って、写真を撮りたいです。 Takao -san ni nobotte, shashin o torita i de su. しぶやいかものはんた ⎤ ⎤ ② 渋谷に行って、買い物をして、ご飯を食べました。 Shibuya ni itte, kaimono o shite, go han o tabema shita.

110 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L ふろなんじなんじ 36 お風呂は何時から何時までですか Ofuro wa nan-ji kara nan-ji made desu ka

From what time to what time can we use the bath? Today’s Skit

なかいへや仲居：こちらのお部屋でございます。 This is your room. Attendant Kochira no oheya de gozaima⎤su.

ふろタム：お風呂は From what time to what Tam Ofu⎤ro wa なんじなんじ time can we use the bath? 何時から何時までですか。 na⎤n-ji kara na⎤n-ji ma⎤de de⎤su ka.

なかいあさじ仲居：朝6時から From six in the morning Attendant A⎤sa roku⎤-ji kara よるじ until midnight. 夜12時までです。 yo⎤ru juuni⎤-ji ma⎤de de⎤su.

にほんおんせんあやか：タム、日本の温泉、 Tam, have you ever bathed Ayaka Ta⎤mu, Nihon no onsen, はい in a Japanese hot spring? 入ったことある？ ha⎤itta koto a⎤ru?

はじタム：いいえ、初めてです。 ⎤ ⎤ No, this will be Tam Iie, haji mete de su. my first time. たの楽しみです。 I'm looking forward to it. Tanoshi⎤mi de⎤su.

Vocabulary へやへやふろふろなんじ部屋／お部屋風呂／お風呂何時 room bath what time heya⎤ / oheya furo⎤ / ofu⎤ro na⎤n-ji あさよるたの朝夜楽しみ（な） morning night look forward to a⎤sa yo⎤ru tanoshi⎤mi（na）

Key Phrase

ふろなんじなんじお風呂は何時から何時までですか。 Ofu⎤ro wa na⎤n-ji kara na⎤n-ji ma⎤de de⎤su ka.

From what time to what time can we use the bath? To ask from what time something is going to start and what time it will end, “nan-ji” “nan-ji kara nan-ji made desu ka.” use or “what time” and say Clarify “wa.” “Kara” the question by starting with the subject plus the particle means “made” “from” and means “until/to.”

Use It!

あしたちょうしょくなんじなんじすみません。明日の朝食は何時から何時までですか。 Sumimase⎤n. Ashita no chooshoku wa na⎤n-ji kara na⎤n-ji ma⎤de de⎤su ka.

ろくじくじはん 6時から9時半までになります。 Roku⎤-ji kara ku-ji-ha⎤n ma⎤de ni narima⎤su.

Excuse me. From what time to what time is tomorrow's breakfast? From six o’clock to nine-thirty. Try It Out! なんじなんじ～は何時から（／）何時までですか。 From what time（/）～ wa na⎤n-ji kara（/） na⎤n-ji ma⎤de de⎤su ka. to what time XXX? ① ② 花火大会この店 hanabi-ta⎤ikai kono mise⎤

fireworks festival this shop

はじ初めてです。 Bonus Phrase Haji⎤mete de⎤su.

This will be my first time. You use it to reply to a question about whether you've experienced something. 112 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

Bathing in a Hot Spring

Most hot springs and communal baths in Japan are separated by gender. Each entrance typically has a curtain with the Kanji for men “男” or women “女”. So, learning these two characters is worthwhile.

Men's bath

Women's bath

How to bathe

Clean yourself Keep towels and hair before bathing out of the water

はなびたいかいなんじ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 花火大会は何時からですか。 Hanabi-ta ikai wa na n-ji kara de su ka. みせなんじ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② この店は何時までですか。 Kono mise wa na n-ji ma de de su ka. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 113 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L 37 テレビがつかないんですが・・・ Terebi ga tsukanain desu ga...

The TV won't turn on…

Today’s Skit

タム：あれ、テレビがつきませんね。 Oh, the TV won't turn on. Tam Are, te⎤rebi ga tsukimase⎤n ne.

あやか：ほんとだ。 You're right. Ayaka Honto da.

おかしいね。 That's strange. Okashi⎤i ne.

でんわタム：フロントに電話してみます。 I'll call the front desk. Tam Furonto ni denwa-shite mima⎤su.

すみません。 Excuse me. Sumimase⎤n.

テレビがつかないんですが・・・。 The TV won't turn on... Te⎤rebi ga tsuka⎤nain de⎤su ga...

しょうしょうまフロント：少々お待ちください。 Please wait a minute. Front desk Sho⎤oshoo omachi kudasa⎤i.

たんとうものうかが担当の者が伺います。 We'll send someone up. Tantoo no mono⎤ ga ukagaima⎤su.

Vocabulary テレビつくおかしい TV turn on strange te⎤rebi tsu⎤ku okashi⎤i でんわしょうしょうフロント電話する少々 front desk call a little while furonto denwa-suru sho⎤oshoo たんとうものうかが担当者伺う in charge of person v i s i t（ h u m b l e ） tantoo mono⎤ ukagau

Key Phrase

テレビがつかないんですが・・・。 Te⎤rebi ga tsuka⎤nain de⎤su ga...

The TV won't turn on… “n desu ga” To tell someone that something is wrong, add to the verb's NAI- form. The NAI-form is a negative form. The combination suggests you're “-n desu ga” troubled because something you expected isn't happening. is used to explain your situation to someone and prompt that person to respond. （See pp. 150-151）

Use It!

すみません。Wi-Fi のパスワードがわからないんですが・・・。 Sumimase⎤n. Waifai no pasuwa⎤ado ga wakara⎤nain de⎤su ga...

パスワードですね。こちらです。 Pasuwa⎤ado de⎤su ne. Kochira de⎤su.

Excuse me. I don't know the Wi-Fi password… The password? Here it is.

Try It Out!

すみません。【subject】が～ないんですが・・・。 Excuse me. Sumimase⎤n.［subject］ ga ～na⎤in de⎤su ga... ［subject］ won't XXX… ゆかた ① かぎ ② 浴衣のサイズ kagi⎤ yukata no sa⎤izu

lock summer kimono's size ああああ開く（ → 開かない）合う（ → 合わない） aku（→akanai） a⎤u（→awa ⎤nai）

open fit

しょうしょうま少々お待ちください。 Bonus Phrase Sho⎤oshoo omachi kudasa⎤i.

Please wait a minute. This polite phrase is used when asking hotel guests or customers to wait. The “matsu,” dictionary form of the verb is meaning “to wait.” https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 115 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

Staying at a Japanese Inn

The rooms at a ryokan, a Japanese inn, typically have tatami straw-mat flooring. Take your shoes off when you enter. Light kimono, yukata, will be waiting in your room. Some inns bring meals to the room and roll out the futon mattress for you before bedtime.

Hot spring inn

You can wear the yukata for a stroll around the resort. Many people like to take several baths during their stay: after cheking in, before going to bed, and then again upon waking. You can experience a lot of Japan right inside a ryokan.

かぎあ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① すみません。鍵が開かないんですが・・・。 Sumimase n. Kagi ga akana in de su ga... ゆかたあ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② すみません。浴衣のサイズが合わないんですが・・・。 Sumimase n. Yukata no sa izu ga awa nain de su ga...

I prefer outside.

Today’s Skit

なかすわあやか：タム、中に座る？ Tam, do you want to sit ⎤ ⎤ Ayaka Ta mu, na ka ni suwaru? inside?

そといそれとも、外のデッキに行く？ Or do you want to go up ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Soreto mo, so to no de kki ni iku? on the deck?

そとタム：外のほうがいいです。 I prefer outside. Tam So⎤to no ho⎤o ga i⎤i de⎤su.

ふじさんわあ、富士山！きれい！ Wow, Mt. Fuji! ⎤ ⎤ Waa, Fu ji-san! Ki ree! It's beautiful!

ほんとうあやか：本当。 It really is. Ayaka Hontoo.

きもタム：気持ちいい！ What a great feeling! Tam Kimochi i⎤i!

きょうはあやか：今日は、晴れてよかったね。 We're lucky it turned out ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Ayaka Kyo o wa, ha rete yo katta ne. sunny today.

Vocabulary

なかすわ中座るそれとも inside sit or na⎤ka suwaru soreto⎤mo

そとふじさん外デッキ富士山 outside deck Mt. Fuji so⎤to de⎤kki Fu⎤ji-san

きもはきれい（な）気持ちいい晴れる beautiful feel good clear ki⎤ree（na） kimochi i⎤i hare⎤ru https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 117 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Comparing two things

Key Phrase

そと外のほうがいいです。 So⎤to no ho⎤o ga i⎤i de⎤su.

I prefer outside. “（A yori） B no hoo ga ＋［adjective］.” To compare two things, say This indicates B is more［adjective］ than A. When it's clear what's being compared, “A yori.” you can omit

Use It!

ようしつわしつ洋室と和室、どちらがよろしいですか。 Yooshitsu to washitsu, do⎤chira ga yoroshi⎤i de⎤su ka.

ようしつわしつひろわしつ洋室より和室のほうが広いですね。和室にします。 Yooshitu yo⎤ri washitsu no ho⎤o ga hiro⎤i de⎤su ne. Washitsu ni shima⎤su.

Which kind of room would you prefer, Western-style or Japanese-style? The Japanese-style room is larger than the Western-style room, isn't it? I'll take the Japanese-style room. Try It Out!

（Aより）Bのほうが【adjective】です（ね）。 B is more［adjective］（A yo⎤ri） B no ho⎤o ga【adjective】 de⎤s u（ n e ）. （than A）（,isn't it?）にくさかなすみせやす ① A 肉 B 魚好き（な） ② B この店安い niku⎤ sakana suki⎤（na） kono mise⎤ yasu⎤i

meat fish favorite this store cheap

Days and Weeks yesterday today tomorrow Day kino⎤o / kinoo kyo⎤o ashita⎤ last week this week next week Step-up Week senshuu konshuu raishuu

Climbing Mt. Fuji

Mt. Fuji is Japan's highest peak at 3,776 meters. The climbing season lasts from July to early September. There are several trails, but the most popular way is to take a bus to the fifth station and trek up from there.

The spectacular panorama of clouds and the scenary below makes the climb worthwhile. Many people stay overnight in lodges near the seventh and eighth stations, then get up early to reach the summit in time for the sunrise.

View from the summit Sunrise seen from the summit

Mt. Fuji Climbing Official website

にくさかなす ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 肉より魚のほうが好きです。 Niku yori sakana no ho o ga suki de su. みせやす ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② この店のほうが安いですね。 Kono mise no ho o ga yasu i de su ne. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 119 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L さいふお 39 財布を落としてしまいました Saifu o otoshite shimaimashita

I lost my wallet.

Today’s Skit

タム：はるさーん、 Haru-san, Tam Ha⎤ru-saan, さいふお財布を落としてしまいました。 I lost my wallet. saifu o oto⎤shite shimaima⎤shita.

たいへんはる：あら大変。 Oh my. Haru A⎤ra taihen.

こうばんい交番に行ってごらんなさい。 ⎤ You should go to Kooban ni itte gorannasa i. the police box. けいかんさいふ警官：それで、どんな財布ですか。 ⎤ ⎤ So, what kind of a wallet Policeman Sorede, do nna saifu de su ka. is it? きいろさいふタム：黄色い財布です。 It's yellow. Tam Kiiroi saifu de⎤su.

けいかんきいろ警官：ああ、黄色・・・。これですか。 ⎤ Ah, yellow... Policeman Aa, kiiro... Kore de su ka. Is this it? タム：ああ、それです。 Yes, that's the one. Tam A⎤a, sore de⎤su.

Vocabulary さいふお財布落とすあら wallet lose oh saifu oto⎤su a⎤ra たいへんこうばんい大変交番行く terrible police box go taihen kooban iku きいろそれでどんな黄色い so what kind yellow sorede do⎤nna kiiroi

さいふお財布を落としてしまいました。 Saifu o oto⎤shite shimaima⎤shita.

I lost my wallet. “［the verb's TE-form］＋ shimaimashita.” To describe a mistake you've made, say “Shimaimashita” expresses remorse or regret about what's happened, so it's perfect for talking about losing something. （See pp. 150-151）

Use It!

へやばんごうわすすみません。部屋の番号を忘れてしまいました。 Sumimase⎤n. Heya no bango⎤o o wasurete shimaima⎤shita.

なまえお名前は・・・。 Onamae wa...

Excuse me. I forgot my room number. Your name is… Try It Out!

すみません。～てしまいました。 Excuse me. I XXX. Sumimase⎤n. ～te shimaima⎤shita.

みずきっぷ ① 水をこぼす（→こぼして） ② 切符をなくす（→なくして） mizu o kobo⎤su（→kobo ⎤shite） kippu o nakusu（→nakushite）

spill water lose my ticket

Colors blue red yellow black white green Noun a⎤o a⎤ka kiiro ku⎤ro shi⎤ro mi⎤dori Step-up I-adjective ao⎤i akai kiiroi kuro⎤i shiro⎤i ※kiiroi saifu（yellow wallet） ※mi⎤dori no saifu（green wallet） https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 121 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

Koban: Public Safety Hubs

Police officers are stationed in small buildings called koban. You can ask them for directions or file a report on something you've lost. The officers also handle criminal investigations, neighborhood patrols, and traffic enforcement.

Koban in Japan

The United States, Singapore, Brazil are among the countries that have adopted some aspects of the koban system.

Koban in Brazil

みず ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① すみません。水をこぼしてしまいました。 Sumimase n. Mizu o kobo shite shimaima shita. きっぷ ⎤ ⎤ ② すみません。切符をなくしてしまいました。 Sumimase n. Kippu o nakushite shimaima shita.

122 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L はじ 40 初めてだったから、びっくりしました Hajimete datta kara, bikkuri-shimashita

Since it was my first earthquake, I was startled. Today’s Skit

ゆミーヤー：あ、揺れてる。 Oh, the ground is shaking. Mi Ya A, yureteru.

じしんたすタム：地震！助けて！ Earthquake! ⎤ Tam Jishin! Tasu kete! Help!

おつはる：落ち着いてください。 Please calm down. Haru Ochitsuite kudasa⎤i.

だいじょうぶ大丈夫ですよ。 It's all right. Daijo⎤obu de⎤su yo.

ミーヤー：ほら、もうおさまった。 See, it's already over. Mi Ya Ho⎤ra, mo⎤o osama⎤tta.

はじタム：初めてだったから、 Since it was my first ⎤ ⎤ Tam Haji mete da tta kara, earthquake, びっくりしました。 I was startled. bikku⎤ri-shima⎤shita.

Vocabulary

ゆじしんたす揺れる地震助ける shake earthquake help yureru jishin tasuke⎤ru

おつ落ち着くほらもう calm down see already ochitsuku ho⎤ra mo⎤o

はじおさまる初めてびっくりする settle first time be startled osama⎤ru haji⎤mete bikku⎤ri-suru https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 123 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Explaining the reason

Key Phrase

はじ初めてだったから、びっくりしました。 Haji⎤mete da⎤tta kara, bikku⎤ri-shima⎤shita.

Since it was my first earthquake, I was startled. “kara” “［sentence 1］ To explain the reason, use the particle or “because.” In kara,［sentence 2］,” ［sentence 1］ expresses the reason. It's more natural to “-desu” use the plain style for［sentence 1］. The plain style does not use or “-masu.” （See pp. 152-153） Use It!

えいがおもしろその映画、面白かったですか。 Sono eega, omoshiro⎤katta de⎤su ka.

はなしむずか話が難しかったから、よくわかりませんでした。 Hanashi⎤ ga muzukashi⎤katta kara, yo⎤ku wakarimase⎤ndeshita.

Was that movie interesting? Since the story was difficult, I didn't understand it well. Try It Out!

【sentence 1】から、【sentence 2】。 Since［sentence 1］,［sentence 2］. 【sentence 1】 kara,【sentence 2】.

あめいあつ ① 雨だった行きませんでした ② 暑かった a⎤me da⎤tta ikimase⎤ndeshita atsu⎤katta

it rained I didn't go it was hot つか疲れました tsukarema⎤shita

I became tired

たす助けて！ Bonus Phrase Tasu⎤kete!

Help! “tasukeru” This is the TE-form of or “to help.” It's used to call for help in emergencies such as an illness, injury, or accident. 124 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

When an Earthquake Occurs

If you’re in a quake-proof building when a quake hits, don’t go outside. Instead, find a safe spot inside. If the swaying is too strong, wait until the shaking stops and then carefully make your way out. Be sure to protect your head whether you’re indoors or outdoors. Hold a cushion, a book, or a bag slightly over your head. Protecting yourself under a table can also be effective. Grab the upper parts of the table's legs.

Be on the alert for aftershocks as well. If you’re near the coast, head for higher ground as soon as possible because a tsunami might hit.

あめい ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 雨だったから、行きませんでした。 A me datta kara, ikimase ndeshita. あつつか ⎤ ⎤ ② 暑かったから、疲れました。 Atsu katta kara, tsukarema shita. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 125 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L か 41 チケットを買うことができますか Chiketto o kau koto ga dekimasu ka

Can we buy tickets?

Today’s Skit

みミーヤー：タム、見て！ Tam, look! Mi Ya Ta⎤mu, mi⎤te!

ゆうき悠輝さんがピアノコンクールで Yuuki-san just won a piano Yu⎤uki-san ga piano-konku⎤uru de ゆうしょう competition. 優勝したよ。 yuushoo-shita yo.

タム：あ、ほんとだ。すごい。 ⎤ Oh, you're right. Tam A, honto da. Sugo i. That's fantastic. らいげつふつかミーヤー：来月2日に ⎤ He's giving a recital on Mi Ya Ra igetsu futsuka ni the second of next month. コンサートがあるよ。 ko⎤nsaato ga a⎤ru yo.

いタム：行きたいです。 I want to go. Tam Ikita⎤i de⎤su.

かチケットを買うことができますか。 Can we buy tickets? Chi⎤ketto o kau koto⎤ ga dekima⎤su ka.

よやくミーヤー：予約してみるね。 I'll try booking them. Mi Ya Yoyaku-shite mi⎤ru ne.

Vocabulary ゆうしょうらいげつ優勝する来月コンサート win next month recital/concert yuushoo-suru ra⎤igetsu ko⎤nsaato かよやくチケット買う予約する ticket buy reserve chi⎤ketto kau yoyaku-suru

126 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Asking whether something you want to do is possible Key Phrase

かチケットを買うことができますか。 Chi⎤ketto o kau koto⎤ ga dekima⎤su ka.

Can we buy tickets? “［the verb's To ask whether something you want to do is possible, use dictionary form］＋ koto ga dekimasu ka.” “Dekimasu” is the MASU-form of “dekiru” “XXX koto ga dekimasu（dekiru）” or “can do.” indicates that something is possible.

Use It!

かぶきみすみません。歌舞伎は、どこで見ることができますか。 Sumimase⎤n. Kabuki wa do⎤ko de mi⎤ru koto⎤ga dekima⎤su ka.

ほんじつしら本日ですか。お調べします。 Ho⎤njitsu de⎤su ka. Oshirabe-shima⎤su.

Excuse me. Where can I see kabuki? Today? Let me check.

Try It Out!

すみません。～ことができますか。 Excuse me. Can I XXX? Sumimase⎤n. ～ koto⎤ ga dekima⎤su ka.

せきよやくせんたく ① 席を予約する ② 洗濯をする se⎤ki o yoyaku-suru sentaku o suru

make reservations do the laundry

Dates 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th

tsuitachi⎤ futsuka mikka yokka itsuka muika Step-up 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 20th nanoka yooka kokonoka tooka juu-ichi-nichi⎤ hatsuka https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 127 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

Kabuki: A Traditional Art of Japan

Kabuki is one of Japan's best-known traditional performing arts. Male actors play both men's and women's roles. Impressive makeup outlines and exaggerates the veins and muscles. Red lines indicate a good person, while indigo indicates a villain.

Actors stop to strike a pose. The purpose of this is said to be giving the audience something like a close up in the days when there were no electric stage lights or cameras.

せきよやく ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① すみません。席を予約することができますか。 Sumimase n. Se ki o yoyaku suru koto ga dekima su ka. せんたく ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② すみません。洗濯をすることができますか。 Sumimase n. Sentaku o suru koto ga dekima su ka.

I'm going to give them to Yuuki-san.

Today’s Skit

はなミーヤー：タム、きれいなお花だね。 Tam, those flowers are Mi Ya Ta⎤mu, ki⎤ree na ohana da ne. pretty.

ゆうきわたタム：悠輝さんに渡すつもりです。 I'm going to give them Tam Yu⎤uki-san ni watasu tsumori de⎤su. to Yuuki-san.

すごくよかったです！ That was wonderful! Sugo⎤ku yo⎤katta de⎤su!

がくやいミーヤー：さあ、楽屋に行こう。 OK, let's go backstage. Mi Ya Sa⎤a, gakuya ni iko⎤o.

タム：はい。 Yes, let's. Tam Ha⎤i.

Vocabulary

はなはなわたきれい（な）花／お花渡す beautiful flowers give/hand over ki⎤ree（na） hana⎤ / ohana watasu

すごくいい（←よかった）さあ very good come on sugo⎤ku i⎤i（← yo⎤katta） sa⎤a

がくやい楽屋行く dressing room go gakuya iku

Key Phrase

ゆうきわた悠輝さんに渡すつもりです。 Yu⎤uki-san ni watasu tsumori de⎤su.

I'm going to give them to Yuuki-san. “［the To express what you're thinking of doing or what you're going to do, say verb's dictionary form］＋ tsumori desu.” “Watasu” or “to give” is the “ni” “Yuuki-san” dictionary form. The particle after indicates the recipient.

Use It!

いこれからどこに行きますか。 Korekara do⎤ko ni ikima⎤su ka.

ひめじいしろみ姫路に行って、お城を見るつもりです。 Himeji ni itte, oshiro o mi⎤ru tsumori de⎤su.

Where are you going to go from now? I'm going to go to Himeji and see the castle. Try It Out!

～つもりです。 I'm going to XXX. ～tsumori de⎤su.

ともだちはくぶつかんいへや ① 友達と博物館に行く ② 部屋でゆっくりする tomodachi to hakubutsu⎤kan ni iku heya⎤ de yukku⎤ri-suru

go to a museum with a friend relax in my room

すごくよかったです！ Bonus Phrase Sugo⎤ku yo⎤katta de⎤su!

That was wonderful! “Sugoku” This phrase is used when you're moved or impressed. is a casual “totemo” way of saying or “very.” It often shows up in daily conversation. 130 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Mi Ya’s Travel Guide

Japanese Castles

Castles can be found across the country. There are various ways to enjoy a castle. You can appreciate its beautiful figure, climb up to the tower for a panoramic view, or stroll around the stone wall or the moat to take a trip back in time. Himeji Castle is also known as "White Heron Castle" because its white, elegant appearance resembles a white heron spreading its wings. Matsumoto Castle has the country's oldest existing castle tower, rising in five tiers. The contrasting black and white exterior is quite a sight.

Himeji Castle（Hyogo Pref.） Matsumoto Castle （Nagano Pref.）

©Himeji City

Nagoya Castle Matsuyama （Aichi Pref.） Castle （Ehime Pref.）

ともだちはくぶつかんい ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 友達と博物館に行くつもりです。 Tomodachi to hakubutsu kan ni iku tsumori de su. へや ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② 部屋でゆっくりするつもりです。 Heya de yukku ri-suru tsumori de su.

You look well.

Today’s Skit

ゆうきタム：悠輝さん、お久しぶりです。 ⎤ ⎤ Yuuki-san, long time Tam Yu uki-san, ohisashiburi de su. no see. ゆうき悠輝：あ！タムさん・・・。 ⎤ Oh! Yuuki A! Ta mu san... Tam-san... きょねんにほんきタム：去年、日本に来ました。 I came to Japan last year. Tam Kyo⎤nen, Niho⎤n ni kima⎤shita.

にほんごべんきょう日本語を勉強しています。 I'm studying Japanese. Nihongo o benkyoo-shite ima⎤su.

ゆうきゆめ悠輝：そう。夢がかなったんですね。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ I see. Yuuki So o. Yume ga kana ttan de su ne. Your dream has come true. タム：はい。 Yes. Tam Ha⎤i.

ゆうきげんき悠輝さんも、元気そうですね。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Yuuki-san, you look well Yu uki-san mo, genki so o de su ne. too. あまた会えてうれしいです。 I'm glad to see you again. Mata a⎤ete ureshi⎤i de⎤su.

Vocabulary ひさきょねん久しぶり去年そう in a long time last year I see hisashiburi kyo⎤nen so⎤o ゆめげんき夢かなう元気（な） dream come true well yume⎤ kana⎤u ge⎤nki（na）あまた会ううれしい again meet glad mata a⎤u ureshi⎤i

げんき元気そうですね。 Genki so⎤o de⎤su ne

You look well. To express your impressions of what you see or your evaluation of the “［adjective］ + soo desu.” “na” situation, use With NA-adjectives, take away the “soo desu.” “i” at the end and attach With I-adjectives, take away the at the “soo desu.” end and attach

Use It!

あ、フリーマーケットをやってますね。 A, furii-ma⎤aketto o yatte ma⎤su ne.

わあ、おもしろそう！ Waa, omoshiroso⎤o!

Ah, they are having a flea market. Wow, that looks interesting!

Try It Out!

～そうですね。 It looks XXX. ～so⎤o de⎤su ne.

きょう ① ちょっと ② 今日は cho⎤tto kyo⎤o wa

a bit today たか高いダメ（な） taka⎤i dame⎤ (na)

expensive bad

ひさお久しぶりです。 Bonus Phrase Ohisashiburi de⎤su.

Long time no see. This phrase is a greeting to someone you haven’t seen for quite a while. If it's a “Hisashiburi.” friend, you can just say https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 133 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

Seasonal Flowers in Japan

Many places around the country are known for their flowers. After the cherry blossoms in spring, hydrangeas welcome in the rainy season.

Cherry blossoms at the Imperial Hydrangeas at Hondo-ji Temple Palace（Tokyo）（Chiba Pref.）

In summer, people flock to see lavender and sunflowers covering wide open spaces. In autumn, trees change color, and cosmos flowers appear. Plum blossoms show up from winter to spring. Many people feel that “spring is just around the corner” when they see them.

Sunflowers in Hokuryu Town Plum blossoms at Osaka Castle （Hokkaido）（Osaka）

たか ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① ちょっと、高そうですね。 Cho tto, takaso o de su ne. きょう ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② 今日は、ダメそうですね。 Kyo o wa, dameso o de su ne.

I've heard he's giving another recital.

Today’s Skit

ゆうきあはる：タムさん、悠輝さんに会えて ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Tam-san, I'm happy Haru Ta mu-san, Yu uki-san ni a ete you got to see Yuuki-san. よかったですね。 yo⎤katta de⎤su ne.

タム：はい、とてもうれしいです。 Yes, I'm very happy. Tam Ha⎤i, totemo ureshi⎤i de⎤su.

かいとゆうき海斗：悠輝さんは、 It sounds like Yuuki-san's Kaito Yu⎤uki-san wa, かつやく career is going well. 活躍してるんだね。 katsuyaku-shiteru⎤n da ne.

がつタム：はい。10月に ⎤ ⎤ Yes, it is. Tam Ha i. Juugatsu ni I've heard he's giving またコンサートがあるそうです。 another recital in October. mata ko⎤nsaato ga a⎤ru so⎤o de⎤su.

はる：そうですか。 Is that so? Haru So⎤o de⎤su ka.

あまた会えますね。 ⎤ Then you'll be able to Mata aema su ne. see him again. タム：はい。 Yes. Tam Ha⎤i.

Vocabulary かつやくとても活躍するある very do well be held totemo katsuyaku-suru a⎤ru

Key Phrase

またコンサートがあるそうです。 Mata ko⎤nsaato ga a⎤ru so⎤o de⎤su.

I've heard he's giving another recital. “［sentence］＋ soo desu.” “soo To tell someone what you've heard, use Before desu,” “Konsaato ga verbs, adjectives, and nouns proceeds in the plain style. aru” “konsaato ga arimasu.” or “there is a recital” is the plain style of （See pp. 152-153）

Use It!

あしたまつ明日からお祭りだそうですね。 Ashita⎤ kara omatsuri da so⎤o de⎤su ne.

こええ。でも、すごく混むそうですよ。 E⎤e. De⎤mo, sugo⎤ku ko⎤mu so⎤o de⎤su yo.

I've heard the festival starts tomorrow. Yes. But I've heard it gets very crowded.

Try It Out!

【sentence】そうですね。 I've heard［sentence］. 【sentence】 so⎤o de⎤su ne.

たいふうくきんようび ① 台風が来る ② 金曜日はただだ taifu⎤u ga ku⎤ru kin-yo⎤obi wa ta⎤da da

a typhoon is coming it's free on Fridays

Months Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. ichi-gatsu⎤ ni-gatsu⎤ sa⎤n-gatsu shi-gatsu⎤ go⎤-gatsu roku-gatsu⎤ Step-up Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. shichi-gatsu⎤ hachi-gatsu⎤ ku⎤-gatsu juu-gatsu⎤ juuichi-gatsu⎤ juuni-gatsu⎤

Japanese Festivals

Japan has various traditional festivals throughout the country. There are said to be hundreds of thousands of them. Kyoto’s Gion Festival started a thousand years ago. It features huge, elaborately decorated floats pulled through the streets. Other well-known celebrations include the Aomori Nebuta Festival and Awa Odori Festival in Tokushima, where huge crowds join in the dancing.

Gion Festival（Kyoto/Jul.） Aomori Nebuta Festival （Aomori/Aug.）

©JAPAN IMAGES

Sanja Festival（Tokyo/May.）

Awa Odori Festival （Tokushima/Aug.）

©Asakusajinja

たいふうく ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 台風が来るそうですね。 Taifu u ga ku ru so o de su ne. きんようび ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② 金曜日はただだそうですね。 Kin-yo obi wa ta da da so o de su ne.

https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 137 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L にほんご 45 日本語をチェックしてもらえませんか Nihongo o chekku-shite moraemasen ka

Would you check the Japanese?

Today’s Skit

ねがタム：はるさん、お願いがあるんですが・・・。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Haru-san, I have a favor Tam Ha ru-san, onegai ga a run de su ga... to ask... にほんごメールの日本語を Would you check the Meeru no Nihongo o Japanese in my email? チェックしてもらえませんか。 che⎤kku-shite moraemase⎤n ka.

はる：いいですよ。どれどれ・・・。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Sure. Haru I i de su yo. Do re do re... Let's see… ゆうきげんき「悠輝さん、お元気ですか。」 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ " Yuuki-san, “Yu uki-san, oge nki de su ka.” how are you?" わたしにほんごタム：私の日本語、 Is my Japanese OK? Tam Watashi no Nihongo, だいじょうぶ大丈夫ですか。 daijo⎤obu de⎤su ka.

じょうずはる：とても上手ですよ。 Very good. Haru Totemo joozu⎤ de⎤su yo.

Vocabulary ねがお願いあるメール request have email onegai a⎤ru meeru チェックするいいどれどれ check fine let's see che⎤kku-suru i⎤i do⎤re do⎤re げんきだいじょうぶじょうず元気（な）大丈夫（な）上手（な） well OK good ge⎤nki（na） daijo⎤obu（na） joozu⎤（na）

Key Phrase

にほんご日本語をチェックしてもらえませんか。 Nihongo o che⎤kku-shite moraemase⎤n ka.

Would you check the Japanese? “［the verb's TE-form］＋ moraemasen ka.” To make a request politely, use “Moraemasen ka” literally means “couldn't I get?” It's an expression to ask “-te whether the person will do what you're asking. It's more polite than kudasai” or “please do XXX.” （See pp. 150-151）

Use It!

すこやすすみません。これ、もう少し安くしてもらえませんか。 Sumimase⎤n. Kore, moo suko⎤shi yasu⎤ku shite moraemase⎤n ka.

そうですねえ・・・。 So⎤o de⎤su ne⎤e...

Excuse me. Would you discount this a little more? Well, let's see…

Try It Out!

～てもらえませんか。 Would you XXX? ～te moraemase⎤n ka.

みせよやくよやく ① この店を予約する（ → 予約して） kono mise⎤ o yoyaku-suru（→ yoyaku-shite）

make a reservation at this restaurant にもつあずあず ② 荷物を預かる（ → 預かって） ni⎤motsu o azuka⎤ru（→azuka ⎤tte）

keep the luggage

ねがお願いがあるんですが・・・。 Bonus Phrase Onegai ga a⎤run de⎤su ga...

I have a favor to ask... You use this expression to start off a conversation when you're going to make a request. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 139 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

Enjoying Shopping

Shopping is one of the top things to do for many visitors to Japan. At most stores, the price shown on the tag is firm. Asking for discounts is not common. “Fukubukuro” are sold during the New Year's season. They're a bundle of items from the store. The price is less than that of all the items if purchased individually.

Another unique thing in Japan is unmanned fruit and vegetable stands along the roads, often near fields. To make a purchase, just put the appropriate amount of money in the box.

みせよやく ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① この店を予約してもらえませんか。 Kono mise o yoyaku-shite moraemase n ka. にもつあず ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② 荷物を預かってもらえませんか。 Ni motsu o azukatte moraemase n ka.

It's small but beautiful.

Today’s Skit

かいとつ海斗：さあ、着いたよ！ OK, here we are! Kaito Sa⎤a, tsu⎤ita yo!

ミーヤー：ごめんください。 Hello? Mi Ya Gomenkudasa⎤i.

オーナー：おいでやす。 Welcome. Owner Oideya⎤su.

へやお部屋はこちらです。 Your room is this way. Oheya wa kochira de⎤su.

へやミーヤー：わあ、すてきなお部屋！ Wow. Mi Ya Waa, suteki na oheya! What a fantastic room!

にわタム：お庭もあります！ It's even got a garden. Tam Oniwa mo arima⎤su!

ちい小さいけどきれいですね。 It's small but beautiful. Chiisa⎤i kedo ki⎤ree de⎤su ne.

Vocabulary

つへやへや着くおいでやす部屋／お部屋 arrive welcome（dialect） room tsu⎤ku oideya⎤su heya⎤ / oheya

にわにわこちらすてき（な）庭／お庭 this（polite） fantastic garden kochira suteki（na） niwa / oniwa

ちい小さいきれい（な） small beautiful chiisa⎤i ki⎤ree（na） https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 141 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Expressing multiple impressions -- Part 2 Key Phrase

ちい小さいけどきれいですね。 Chiisa⎤i kedo ki⎤ree de⎤su ne.

It's small but beautiful. “［sentence 1］ kedo［sentence 2］.” To combine two contrasting sentences, use “Kedo” means “but.” It sounds more natural to use the plain style for ［sentence 1］. （See pp. 152-153）

Use It!

このホテルはどうですか。 Kono ho⎤teru wa do⎤o de⎤su ka.

たかうーん、きれいだけど高いですね。 Uun, ki⎤ree da⎤ kedo taka⎤i de⎤su ne.

How about this hotel? Hmm, it's beautiful but expensive.

Try It Out!

【sentence 1】けど【sentence 2】。［sentence 1］ but［sentence 2］. ［sentence 1］ kedo［sentence 2］.

つかむずか ① 疲れた ② 難しい tsuka⎤reta muzukashii

I got tired it's difficult

たの楽しかったおもしろい tanoshi⎤katta omoshiro⎤i

it was fun it's interesting

ごめんください。 Bonus Phrase Gomenkudasa⎤i.

Hello? This greeting is used when calling on someone at home. You say it from outside of the house to the person inside.

Strolling Around Kyoto

Kyoto has lots of fascinating spots to visit, such as centuries-old temples, shrines, castles, gardens, and on and on. Kiyomizu-dera Temple is known for the main hall's stage, which juts over a cliff. Ryoanji Temple has an exquisite rock garden. Fushimi Inari Taisha Shrine has a tunnel of gates, and the palace of Nijo-jo Castle features an eye-catching, elaborate interior.

Kiyomizu-dera Temple Fushimi Inari Taisha Shrine

Nijo-jo Castle “Machiya” townhouses

Kyoto is perfect for strolling. It's nice to take a leisurely walk through the backstreets lined with “machiya” townhouses or along the river. Dropping by a traditional café for Japanese sweets is fun too.

つかたの ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① 疲れたけど楽しかったです。 Tsuka reta kedo tanoshi katta de su. むずか ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② 難しいけどおもしろいです。 Muzukashi i kedo omoshiro i de su. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 143 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L 47 どうやってするんですか Doo yatte surun desu ka

How do you do it?

Today’s Skit

かいと海斗：おみくじだよ。 This tells your fortune. Kaito Omikuji da yo.

タム：どうやってするんですか。 How do you do it? Tam Do⎤o yatte suru⎤n de⎤su ka.

かいとはこふ海斗：箱を振ってみて。 Try shaking the box. Kaito Hako o futte mi⎤te.

ばんタム： 3番です。 Number three. Tam San-ban de⎤su.

みこ巫女：はい、どうぞ。 Here you go. Maiden Hai, do⎤ozo.

かいとだいきち海斗：あ、大吉だ。 Oh, it's a daikichi. Kaito A, daikichi da.

いみタム：だいきち？どういう意味ですか。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Daikichi? Tam Daikichi? Do o iu i mi de su ka. What does that mean? うんせいはる：とてもいい運勢ですよ。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ It means your fortune Haru Totemo i i u nsee de su yo. is very good.

Vocabulary はこおみくじどうやって箱 fortune-telling slip how box omikuji do⎤o yatte hako ふだいきち振るどうぞ大吉 shake here you are great luck furu do⎤ozo daikichi いみうんせいどういう意味運勢 what kind of meaning fortune do⎤o iu i⎤mi u⎤nsee

Key Phrase

どうやってするんですか。 Do⎤o yatte suru⎤n de⎤su ka.

How do you do it? To ask how to do something, such as when you're doing it for the first time, “Doo yatte -n desu ka.” “Doo yatte” “-n desu ka” say means “how.” You use when you don't understand something and want an explanation. It comes after the verb's dictionary form.

Use It!

たすみません。これ、どうやって食べるんですか。 Sumimase⎤n. Kore, do⎤o yatte tabe⎤run de⎤su ka.

めあそちらのたれにつけて、お召し上がりください。 Sochira no tare⎤ni tsu⎤kete, omeshiagari kudasa⎤i.

Excuse me. How do I eat this? Please dip it in that sauce and eat it.

Try It Out!

すみません。どうやって～んですか。 Excuse me. How do I XXX？ Sumimase⎤n. Do⎤o yatte ～n de⎤su ka.

つかき ① これ使う ② 着る kore tsukau kiru

this use wear

いみどういう意味ですか。 Bonus Phrase Do⎤o iu i⎤mi de⎤su ka.

What does that mean? It's used when you don't understand what was said and want to know what it means. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 145 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Haru-san’s Bagful of Advice

Omikuji: Trying Your Luck！

You can draw “omikuji” at shrines and temples. They usually have your fortune written on long, narrow slips of paper. Fortune includes “daikichi” or “great luck,” “kichi” or “good luck,” and “kyoo” or “bad luck.” They also give advice about daily life, including health, work, and romance.

だいきち大吉： daikichi

＝great luck きち吉： kichi

＝good luck きょう凶： kyoo

＝bad luck

If you draw an “omikuji” with bad luck, some believe you can change it to good luck by tying the slip to a tree branch or some other designated place on the grounds.

つか ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ Answer ① すみません。これ、どうやって使うんですか。 Sumimase n. Kore, do o yatte tsukau n de su ka. き ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ② すみません。どうやって着るんですか。 Sumimase n. Do o yatte kiru n de su ka.

146 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN ESSON L そつぎょうにほんはたら 48 卒業したら、日本で働きたいです Sotsugyoo-shitara, Nihon de hatarakitai desu

When I graduate, I want to work in Japan. Today’s Skit

きはる：タムさんが来て、 ⎤ ⎤ Tam-san, it's been almost Haru Ta mu-san ga ki te, ねん a year since you came here. もうすぐ1年ですね。 moo su⎤gu ichi⎤-nen de⎤su ne. しょうらいなに将来は何がしたいですか。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ What do you want to do Sho orai wa na ni ga shita i de su ka. in the future? そつぎょうタム：卒業したら、 ⎤ When I graduate, Tam Sotsugyoo-shita ra, にほんはたら I want to work in Japan. 日本で働きたいです。 Niho⎤n de hatarakita⎤i de⎤su. りょこうがいしゃはたら旅行会社で働きたいです。 ⎤ ⎤ ⎤ I want to work Ryokoo-ga isha de hatarakita i de su. at a travel agency. かいと海斗：いいね！ ⎤ That sounds good! Kaito I i ne!

にほんみりょくはる：日本の魅力を Please tell people all about Haru Nihon no miryoku o つた Japan's attractions. いっぱい伝えてくださいね。 ippai tsutaete kudasa⎤i ne. おうえんミーヤー：応援してるよ。 I'll be rooting for you. Mi Ya Ooen-shiteru yo.

タム：はい。がんばります！ ⎤ ⎤ Thank you. Tam Ha i. Ganbarima su! I'll do my best!

Vocabulary

しょうらいそつぎょうはたら将来卒業する働く future graduate work sho⎤orai sotsugyoo-suru hataraku https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 147 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Can-do! Saying what you want to do in the future Key Phrase

そつぎょうにほんはたら卒業したら、日本で働きたいです。 Sotsugyoo-shita⎤ra, Niho⎤n de hatarakita⎤i d⎤esu.

When I graduate, I want to work in Japan. To say what you want to do in the future based on a certain condition, use “-tara, -tai desu.” “-tara” “ra.” is the verb's TA-form plus It expresses the condition of when something happens or is realized.

Use It!

ながさきこれから長崎ですか。 Korekara Naga⎤saki de⎤su ka. いいですね。 I⎤i de⎤su ne.

ながさきいたはい。長崎に行ったら、ちゃんぽんが食べたいです。 Ha⎤i. Naga⎤saki ni itta⎤ra, cha⎤npon ga tabeta⎤i de⎤su.

You're going to Nagasaki now. That sounds good. Yes. When I go to Nagasaki, I want to eat chanpon.

Try It Out!

【verb 1】たら、【verb 2】たいです。 When［verb 1］, ［verb 1］ tara,［verb 2］ ta⎤i de⎤su. I want to［verb 2］. なつやすくにかえかえ ① 夏休みになる（→なったら） ② 国に帰る（ → 帰ったら） natsu-ya⎤sumi ni na⎤ru（→na ⎤ttara） kuni ni ka⎤eru（→ka ⎤ettara）

the summer holiday starts return to my home country にほんきにほんごべんきょうまた日本に来たいもっと日本語を勉強したい mata Niho⎤n ni kita⎤i mo⎤tto Nihongo o benkyoo-shita⎤i

want to come to Japan again want to study Japanese more

がんばります！ Bonus Phrase Ganbarima⎤su!

I'll do my best！ This expression shows you intend to give something your best efforts.

Japan's Regional Cuisines

Each region in Japan has its own dishes. For example, Osaka is known for “okonomiyaki.” Vegetables, meat, and other ingredients are mixed in a batter of flour and water, and cooked. Akita Prefecture is famous for “kiritanpo.” Rice is mashed, molded onto a skewer in a cylindrical shape, and then grilled. It’s usually eaten in hot pots. Kagawa Prefecture is known for its chewy “udon” noodles. In Nagasaki Prefecture, you'll find “chanpon” with lots of ingredients on top.

Okonomiyaki（Osaka） Kiritampo nabe（Akita Pref.）

Chanpon（Nagasaki Pref.） Sanuki udon（Kagawa Pref.）

なつやすにほんき Answer ① 夏休みになったら、また日本に来たいです。 Natsu-ya⎤sumi ni na⎤ttara, mata Niho⎤n ni kita⎤i de⎤su.

くにかえにほんごべんきょう ② 国に帰ったら、もっと日本語を勉強したいです。 Kuni ni ka⎤ettara, mo⎤tto Nihongo o benkyoo-shita⎤i de⎤su. https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 149 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Verbs

Dictionary MASU-form NAI-form TE-form TA-form Verbs in the same group (examples) form かかかかかあいうたつか買う買います *買わない買って買った会う meet , 言う say, 歌う sing, 使う use buy ka u ka i masu *kaw a nai kat te kat ta a+u i+u uta+u tsuka+u -(w) まままままた待つ待ちます待たない待って待った立つ stand -t wait mat u mat i masu mat a nai mat te mat ta tat+u -r のののののおどかえつくわ乗る乗ります乗らない乗って乗ったある be, 踊る dance, 帰る return, 作る make, 分かる understand ride nor u nor i masu nor a nai not te not ta ar+u odor＋u kaer+u tsukur+u wakar+u よよよよよとあそ呼ぶ呼びます呼ばない呼んで呼んだ飛ぶ fly, 遊ぶ play call -b yob u yob i masu yob a nai yon de yon da tob+u asob＋u のののののこやすよ -m 飲む飲みます飲まない飲んで飲んだ混む become crowded, 休む rest, 読む read Group 1 drink nom u nom i masu nom a nai non de non da kom+u yasum+u yom+u かかかかかあきつはたら書く書きます書かない書いて書いた開く open, 聞く listen, 着く arrive, 働く work write kak u kak i masu kak a nai kai te kai ta ak+u kik+u tsuk+u hatarak+u -k いいいいい行く行きます行かない ** 行って ** 行った go ik u ik i masu ik a nai **it te **it ta およおよおよおよおよぬ泳ぐ泳ぎます泳がない泳いで泳いだ脱ぐ undress -g swim oyog u oyog i masu oyog a nai oyoi de oyoi da nug＋u はなはなはなはなはなおわた speak/ 話す話します話さない話して話した落とす drop, こぼす spill, なくす lose, 渡す give/pass -s talk hanas u hanas i masu hanas a nai hanasi te hanasi ta otos+u kobos+u nakus+u watas+u みみみみみお look/ 見る見ます見ない見て見たいる be, できる can, 落ちる drop see mi ru mi masu mi nai mi te mi ta i+ru deki+ru ochi+ru Group 2 たたたたたおしつかわすい食べる食べます食べない食べて食べた教える teach, 疲れる become tired, 忘れる forget, 入れる put in eat tabe ru tabe masu tabe nai tabe te tabe ta oshie+ru tsukare+ru wasure+ru ire＋ru くきこきき来る来ます来ない来て来た come Group 3 ku ru ki masu ko nai ki te ki ta べんきょうよやくりょこう（Irregular verbs）するしますしないしてした勉強する study, 予約する reserve, 旅行する travel do su ru si masu si nai si te si ta benkyoo-su+ru yoyaku-su+ru ryokoo-su+ru s+i → shi t+i → chi t+u → tsu * “(w)” is pronounced as “wa” with “a”. It is not pronounced with “i”,“u”,“e”, “o”. ** Irregular conjugations

150 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Dictionary MASU-form NAI-form TE-form TA-form Verbs in the same group (examples) form かかかかかあいうたつか買う買います *買わない買って買った会う meet , 言う say, 歌う sing, 使う use buy ka u ka i masu *kaw a nai kat te kat ta a+u i+u uta+u tsuka+u -(w) まままままた待つ待ちます待たない待って待った立つ stand -t wait mat u mat i masu mat a nai mat te mat ta tat+u -r のののののおどかえつくわ乗る乗ります乗らない乗って乗ったある be, 踊る dance, 帰る return, 作る make, 分かる understand ride nor u nor i masu nor a nai not te not ta ar+u odor＋u kaer+u tsukur+u wakar+u よよよよよとあそ呼ぶ呼びます呼ばない呼んで呼んだ飛ぶ fly, 遊ぶ play call -b yob u yob i masu yob a nai yon de yon da tob+u asob＋u のののののこやすよ -m 飲む飲みます飲まない飲んで飲んだ混む become crowded, 休む rest, 読む read Group 1 drink nom u nom i masu nom a nai non de non da kom+u yasum+u yom+u かかかかかあきつはたら書く書きます書かない書いて書いた開く open, 聞く listen, 着く arrive, 働く work write kak u kak i masu kak a nai kai te kai ta ak+u kik+u tsuk+u hatarak+u -k いいいいい行く行きます行かない ** 行って ** 行った go ik u ik i masu ik a nai **it te **it ta およおよおよおよおよぬ泳ぐ泳ぎます泳がない泳いで泳いだ脱ぐ undress -g swim oyog u oyog i masu oyog a nai oyoi de oyoi da nug＋u はなはなはなはなはなおわた speak/ 話す話します話さない話して話した落とす drop, こぼす spill, なくす lose, 渡す give/pass -s talk hanas u hanas i masu hanas a nai hanasi te hanasi ta otos+u kobos+u nakus+u watas+u みみみみみお look/ 見る見ます見ない見て見たいる be, できる can, 落ちる drop see mi ru mi masu mi nai mi te mi ta i+ru deki+ru ochi+ru Group 2 たたたたたおしつかわすい食べる食べます食べない食べて食べた教える teach, 疲れる become tired, 忘れる forget, 入れる put in eat tabe ru tabe masu tabe nai tabe te tabe ta oshie+ru tsukare+ru wasure+ru ire＋ru くきこきき来る来ます来ない来て来た come Group 3 ku ru ki masu ko nai ki te ki ta べんきょうよやくりょこう（Irregular verbs）するしますしないしてした勉強する study, 予約する reserve, 旅行する travel do su ru si masu si nai si te si ta benkyoo-su+ru yoyaku-su+ru ryokoo-su+ru s+i → shi t+i → chi t+u → tsu * “(w)” is pronounced as “wa” with “a”. It is not pronounced with “i”,“u”,“e”, “o”. ** Irregular conjugations

Polite style Verbs Non-past Past きき Group 1 聞きます（MASU-form）聞きましたき Positive 聞く kiki-masu kiki-mashita きき kiku 聞きません聞きませんでした Negative listen kiki-masen kiki-masen-deshita たた Group 2 食べます（MASU-form）食べましたた Positive 食べる tabe-masu tabe-mashita たた taberu 食べません食べませんでした Negative eat tabe-masen tabe-masen-deshita します（MASU-form）しました Group 3 Positive する shi-masu shi-mashita suru しませんしませんでした Negative do shi-masen shi-masen-deshita

I-adjectives Present Past おいしいですおいしかったです Positive おいしい oishi-i desu oishi-katta desu oishii おいしくないですおいしくなかったです tasty Negative oishi-ku nai desu oishi-ku nakatta desu

いいですよかったです Exception Positive いい i-i desu yo-katta desu ii よくないですよくなかったです Negative good yo-ku nai desu yo-ku nakatta desu

NA-adjectives Present Past げんきげんきげんき元気です元気でした元気（な） Positive genki desu genki deshita genki (na) げんきげんき fine Negative 元気じゃないです元気じゃなかったです genki ja nai desu genki ja nakatta desu

Nouns Present Past あめあめあめ雨です雨でした雨 Positive ame desu ame deshita ame あめあめ雨雨 rain Negative じゃないですじゃなかったです ame ja nai desu ame ja nakatta desu

152 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Plain style Non-past Past きき聞く（Dictionary form）聞いた（TA-form） Positive kiku kii-ta きき聞かない（NAI-form）聞かなかった Negative kika-nai kika-nakatta たた食べる（Dictionary form）食べた（TA-form） Positive tabe-ru tabe-ta たた食べない（NAI-form）食べなかった Negative tabe-nai tabe-nakatta する（Dictionary form）した（TA-form） Positive su-ru shi-ta

しない（NAI-form）しなかった Negative shi-nai shi-nakatta

Present Past おいしいおいしかった Positive oishi-i oishi-katta

おいしくないおいしくなかった Negative oishi-ku nai oishi-ku nakatta

いいよかった Positive i-i yo-katta

よくないよくなかった Negative yo-ku nai yo-ku nakatta

Present Past げんきげんき元気だ元気だった Positive genki da genki datta げんきげんき元気元気 Negative じゃないじゃなかった genki ja nai genki ja nakatta

Present Past あめあめ雨だ雨だった Positive ame da ame datta あめあめ雨じゃない雨じゃなかった Negative ame ja nai ame ja nakatta https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 153 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Useful Japanese Words

Family (Introducing Your Family to Others) ははかあちちとうあねねえ母／お母さん * 父／お父さん * 姉／お姉さん * mother father older sister ha⎤ha / oka⎤asan chi⎤chi / oto⎤osan ane / one⎤esan あににいいもうとおとうと兄／お兄さん * 妹弟 older brother younger sister younger brother a⎤ni / oni⎤isan imooto⎤ otooto⎤ つまおっとむすめ妻夫娘 wife husband daughter tsu⎤ma otto musume⎤ むすこ息子 son musuko * (Informal expressions)

Facilities in Town えき駅ホテルコンビニ station hotel convenience store e⎤ki ho⎤teru konbini こうばんゆうびんきょくぎんこう交番郵便局銀行 police box post office bank kooban yuubi⎤nkyoku ginkoo びょういんはくぶつかんびじゅつかん病院博物館美術館 hospital museum art museum byooin hakubutsu⎤kan bijutsu⎤kan こうえんかんこうあんないじょ公園観光案内所スーパー park tourist information center supermarket kooen kankoo-annaijo su⎤upaa

Transportation でんしゃちかてつしんかんせん電車地下鉄新幹線 train subway Shinkansen bullet train densha chikatetsu shinka⎤nsen モノレールバスタクシー monorail bus taxi monore⎤eru ba⎤su ta⎤kushii くるまひこうきふね車飛行機船 car airplane ship kuruma hiko⎤oki fu⎤ne じてんしゃ自転車オートバイ bicycle motorcycle jitensha ooto⎤bai

154 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Occupations and Jobs かいしゃいんがくせいきょうし会社員学生教師 office worker student teacher kaisha⎤in gakusee kyo⎤oshi いしゃりょうりにんエンジニア医者料理人 engineer doctor cook enji⎤nia isha ryoorinin こうむいんしゅふ公務員主婦プログラマー civil servant housewife programmer koomu⎤in shu⎤fu puroguramaa

Body あたまめみみ頭目耳 head eye ear atama⎤ me⎤ mimi⎤ くちくびのど口首喉 mouth neck throat kuchi kubi no⎤do かたてあし肩手足 shoulder hand foot ／leg ka⎤ta te⎤ ashi⎤ なかはゆびお腹歯指 stomach tooth finger onaka ha⎤ yubi⎤

Hotel Equipment まどふろふろトイレ窓風呂／お風呂 toilet window bath to⎤ire ma⎤do furo⎤ / ofu⎤ro でんきれいぞうこ電気テレビ冷蔵庫 electricty television refrigerator de⎤nki te⎤rebi reezo⎤oko エアコンベッドコンセント air conditioner bed power outlet eakon be⎤ddo ko⎤nsento

Clothes シャツジャケットセーター shirt jacket sweater sha⎤tsu jaketto se⎤etaa ぼうしくつ帽子スカート靴 hat ／cap skirt shoes booshi suka⎤ato kutsu⎤ くつしたしたぎてぶくろ靴下下着手袋 socks underwear gloves kutsu⎤shita shitagi tebu⎤kuro ネクタイベルトズボン／パンツ tie belt pants ne⎤kutai beruto zubo⎤n / pantsu https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/ 155 ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN The Japanese Syllabaries Hiragana

156 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN To check the right pronunciation, visit our website at NHK WORLD-JAPAN https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/letters/hiragana.html

158 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN To check the right pronunciation, visit our website at NHK WORLD-JAPAN https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/letters/katakana.html

Fujinaga Kaoru

Lecturer, The Japan Foundation, Japanese-Language Institute, Urawa

Fujinaga has devoted many years to training Japanese teachers working abroad. Fujinaga and her colleague, Isomura were involved in developing the JFS coursebook “Marugoto: Japanese Language and Culture.” She also put together and supervised texts for secondary education while stationed in Australia, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Her hobbies are skiing and gardening.

Isomura Kazuhiro

Lecturer, The Japan Foundation, Japanese-Language Institute, Urawa

Isomura has been in charge of teacher training and developing learing materials of Japanese. He is a co-author of “Marugoto: Japanese Language and Culture,” and was the supervisor of NHK’s 2006 Japanese language education program “Erin’s Challenge! I Can Speak Japanese.” He has taught Japanese in Australia and Germany. He plays percussion in an amateur orchestra on his days off.

Co-hosts

Eriko Kojima Michael Rhys Born in Tokyo. Spent her childhood years Michael Rhys has been a professional in the US. Bilingual narrator, newsreader, voice actor for over 20 years and can and interpreter, with over 20 years of be heard regularly on NHK radio and experience. Regular host of many English television as a narrator, news reader programs on NHK WORLD-JAPAN. and presenter. “みなさん、いっしょにがんばりましょう！！” 160 For more, visit NHK WORLD-JAPAN ©NHK WORLD-JAPAN Easy Japanese October 2019 Version

English Section, NHK WORLD-JAPAN Tokyo, Japan, 150-8001