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Metabolic Responses of the Estuarine Gastropod Thais Haemastoma to Hypoxia (Energy Charge, Opine Dehydrogenase,Survival, Adaptation, Respiration)

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Metabolic Responses of the Estuarine Gastropod Thais Haemastoma to Hypoxia (Energy Charge, Opine Dehydrogenase,Survival, Adaptation, Respiration) Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1985 Metabolic Responses of the Estuarine Gastropod Thais Haemastoma to Hypoxia (Energy Charge, Opine Dehydrogenase,survival, Adaptation, Respiration). Martin A. Kapper Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Kapper, Martin A., "Metabolic Responses of the Estuarine Gastropod Thais Haemastoma to Hypoxia (Energy Charge, Opine Dehydrogenase,survival, Adaptation, Respiration)." (1985). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 4095. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/4095 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. For blurred pages, a good image of the page can be found in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted, a target note will appear listing the pages in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photographed, a definite method of “sectioning” the material has been followed. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand comer of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. For illustrations that cannot be satisfactorily reproduced by xerographic means, photographic prints can be purchased at additional cost and inserted into your xerographic copy. These prints are available upon request from the Dissertations Customer Services Department. 5. Some pages in any document may have indistinct print. In all cases the best available copy has been filmed. University Microfilms International 300 N. Zeeb Road Ann Arbor. Ml 48106 8526375 Kapper, Martin A. METABOLIC RESPONSES OF THE ESTUARINE GASTROPOD THAIS HAEMASTOMA TO HYPOXIA The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical Ph.D. Col. 1985 University Microfilms International300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 PLEASE NOTE: In all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. Problems encountered with this document have been identified here with a check mark V . 1. Glossy photographs or pages _______ 2. Colored illustrations, paper or print ______ 3. Photographs with dark background ______ 4. Illustrations are poor copy _______ 5. Pages with black marks, not original copy _______ 6. Print shows through as there is text on both sides of page _______ 7. Indistinct, broken or small print on several pages 8. Print exceeds margin requirements ______ 9. Tightly bound copy with print lost in spine _______ 10. Computer printout pages with indistinct print ______ 11. P a g e(s) _____________ lacking when material received, and not available from school or author. 12. P a g e(s) _____________ seem to be missing in numbering only as text follows. 13. Two pages num bered _____________ . Text follow s. 14. Curling and wrinkled pages _______ 15. Other ___________________________________________________________________________ University Microfilms International METABOLIC RESPONSES OF THE ESTHARINE GASTROPOD THAIS HAEMASTOMA TO HYPOXIA A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Physiology by Martin A. Kapper B.S., St. Lawrence U niversity, 1976 M.A., State University of New York at Buffalo, 1980 August, 1985 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The process of designing, performing, and writing up a dissertation project would be impossible without the active help and cooperation of others. It is therefore my duty and privilege to gratefully acknowledge the contributions of the following individuals: Richard Roller, who came through in the clutch with technical help, and was always ready to help collect snails; to Reed Payne, for his invaluable help with the bioassay experiments; to Penny Culley and Mark Carls, for help with statistical analyses and general computer operation; to Shiao Wang and Dr. David Garton, for help In collecting snails; to Drs. David Livingstone and Ross Ellington, for introducing me to the biochemical techniques employed here; to Wilton DeLaunne of the LUMCON Port Fourchon lab, who helped me above and beyond the call of duty; to Tina Roller, for her excellent graphics work; and to the past and present members of ray graduate committee, Drs. William Stickle, Thomas Dietz, Earl Weidner, John Fleeger, Ernst Blakeney, Robert Allen, and John Lynn, for their continued support over the years, and for their constructive criticsms and comments that helped to vastly improve the quality of the final work. A special debt is owed to Dr. William B. Stickle, Jr, who served as my major professor and directed this project. B ill has been much more than an academic mentor and friend. Without his faith, encouragement and above a ll patience, I never would have finished. Thanks a lot, Bill. Parts of the work reported on here were supported by National Science Foundation Grant #DEB-7921825 and grants from the Louisiana State University Fisheries Initiative Program and the Petroleum Refiners Environmental Council of Louisiana (PRECOL) to W.B. Stickle. TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page.......................... i Acknowledgements ..................... .11 Table of Contents ........................ I l l List of Tables .................................... iv List of Figures.................................................................................. v Abstract. ............................. vl Introduction. ........................................................................................................................................1 M aterials and Methods................... 4 R esu lts..................................................... 11 Discussion.............................................. 16 Literature Cited................................................................................................. 28 Tables .................................. .....37 Figure Legends............................................................................................................... 43 Figures ................... 45 V ita .............................................................................................................................................................56 Approval Sheets......................................................................................................................59 LIST OF TABLES TABLE PAGE I. Water quality variables for 30°C-30o/00® hypoxia bioassay......37 II. Oxyregulation indices for Thais haemastoma. .......................3 8 III. A c tiv itie s of pyruvate oxidoreductase enzymes in foot tissu e of T. haemastoma a fte r 28 days exposure to hypoxia.........................................39 IV. Anoxia LT-50's of marine molluscs ............. 40 V. Oxyregulation indices, Kj /Rj and B2 of marine m olluscs ...41 VI. Adenylate energy charge in marine Invertebrates........................... 42 iv LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE PAGE 1. Diagram of hypoxia Bloassay system............................. 45 2. 95% confidence bands fo r LC-90, LC-50, and LC-10 over 28 days hypoxia...................................................................................................... 46 3. Oxygen consumption ra te of T. haemastoma at f u ll oxygen saturation and 1 0 , 20 and 30°c.................................................................................................................47 4. Oxygen consumption rate of T. hemastoma a fte r 28 days exposure to hypoxia...................................... 48 5. Oxygen consumption rate of T. haemastoma with declining P0 2 ’ .49 6. Oxygen consumption rate of T. haemastoma with declining PO2 before and a fte r 28 days a t 53 mm O2 ....................................................................................50 7. Concentrations of adenylates in foot tissu e of haemastoma exposed to hypoxia for 28 days....................................................................................51 8. Adenylate energy charge and arginine phosphate concentration in foot tissu e of T^. haemastoma exposed to hypoxia for 2 days.................52
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