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Sh'lach - 'Send' (Numbers 13:1-15:41)

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Sh'lach - 'Send' (Numbers 13:1-15:41) Bereans Online eNews http://www.bereansonline.org B"H Parashat Sh'lach - 'Send' (Numbers 13:1-15:41) This week's Scripture portion is named for a word in the second verse. sh'lach-l'cha anashim v'yaturu et-eretz k'na'an a.sher-ani noten livnei Yisra'el ish echad ish echad l'mate avotav tishlachu kol nasi vahem: Send men to spy out the land of Canaan, which I am giving to the Israelites; from each of their ancestral tribes you shall send a man, every one a leader among them. Numbers 13:2 This portion starts with the sending of the spies into the Promised Land. A distinguished man was chosen from each of the twelve tribes (but not Levi, since Levi was not to have an inheritance in the Land). They were being sent as representatives of the people, to give a good report regarding the Land that was promised to them. It was time for the descendants of Abraham to begin preparation for taking possession of their inheritance. There are many exhortations and admonitions for us today within this account. It is acknowledged as an account of what to do (Calev and Joshua) and what not to do (the ten unfaithful spies). We will deal with the sin of the spies as we approach 17 Tammuz next month, which begins the twenty-one day time "between the troubles." The twenty-one day period ends with the sin of the bad report (9 Av). This week, as you study this portion, I want you to think about something else though. I want you to look for insights into sh'lach [send]. Let me give you some to get you started. In the Septuagint, the ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, "send" [sh'lach] is the Greek word aposteilon. That looks familiar, doesn't it? It is where we get the word "apostle" from. "Apostles" are sent ones, or sh'lachim. In Matthew 10, we see that the twelve disciples were called "apostles" when Yeshua sent them out to the "lost sheep of Israel." And when He had called His twelve disciples to Him, He gave them power over unclean spirits, to cast them out, and to heal all kinds of sickness and all kinds of disease. Now the names of the twelve apostles [apostolon] are these... these twelve Jesus sent [apesteilen] out and commanded them... Matthew 10:1-2; 5a There is something in this week's portion about twelve "sh'lachim" [sent ones, apostles]. Granted, ten of them proved to be unfaithful and gave a bad report. But consider two of these sh'lachim: Joshua and Calev [Caleb]. Joshua was sent as a representative for the tribe of Ephraim. Joshua was an Ephraimite. Calev was sent as a representative for the tribe of Judah. Calev was a Gentile. What? A Gentile represented the celebrated tribe of Judah? Yes, beloved, Calev was "from the tribe of Judah" as Numbers 13:6 tells us - but he was not born into the tribe of Judah. He was born a Kenezzite, a descendant of Esau's grandson (Joshua 14:6). This is quite an inconvenience for many. Most commentators explain this away, in much the same way that they translate the word ger [sojourner, non-Israelite] to "proselyte" in English versions. That may explain how Calev got such a rude name: "Calev" means "dog." But to the Almighty, Calev was not a pagan cut off from the Covenants of Promise. Coming from the scouting out the Land with a good report of G-d's faithfulness, were two spies: a "Jew" named Joshua from the tribe of Ephraim, and a Gentile named Calev, representing the tribe of Judah. I am taken by this picture that shows Gentiles grafted into Israel. How is it that Calev, the Gentile, is seen as a faithful part of Israel? How is it that Rachav [Rahab], and Ruth were seen as faithful members of Israel? Were they all "proselytes" who went through a conversion ritual? No beloved. In the case of Calev, it was because, "... he wholly followed HaShem..." (Deuteronomy 1:36). So is it by accident that right after introducing us to Calev that we read instructions about how a ger [non-native born "sojourner"] should bring a korban olah [elevation offering]? When you have come into the land you are to inhabit, which I am giving to you, and you make an offering by fire to HaShem, a burnt offering or a sacrifice... All who are native-born shall do these things in this manner, in presenting an offering made by fire, a sweet aroma to HaShem. And if a stranger [ger] dwells with you, or whoever is among you throughout your generations, and would present an offering made by fire, a sweet aroma to HaShem, just as you do, so shall he do. One ordinance shall be for you of the assembly and for the stranger who dwells with you, an ordinance forever throughout your generations; as you are, so shall the stranger be before HaShem. One Torah and one custom shall be for you and for the stranger [ger] who dwells with you.'" Numbers 15:2b-3a; 13-16 Could Calev the Gentile participate in the promises made to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob? Yes indeed. He was numbered with the tribe of Judah. He was not "Jewish" but His G-d was the G-d of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. He was not "Jewish" but Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob were his "fathers." Calev was grafted in. So how does this work? How do those who have no lineage to Abraham get to claim him as an ancestor? Who gets to act as "gatekeeper" to these party crashers, the Gentiles? And why would a Gentile want to join Israel anyway? Beloved, it is the plan of the ages - the plan of redemption. Not just the redemption of G-d's chosen, Israel - but of all nations. Surely I have taught you statutes and judgments, just as HaShem my G-d commanded me, that you should act according to them in the land which you go to possess. Therefore be careful to observe them; for this is your wisdom and your understanding in the sight of the peoples who will hear all these statutes, and say, 'Surely this great nation is a wise and understanding people.' "For what great nation is there that has G-d so near to it, as HaShem our G-d is to us, for whatever reason we may call upon Him? And what great nation is there that has such statutes and righteous judgments as are in all this Torah which I set before you this day? Deuteronomy 4:5-9 Beloved, Israel was to live in such a way as to draw the nations to her, and to the Almighty Himself. Israel was always supposed to be a light to the Gentiles. Throughout Israel's history, there were men and women like Calev, Rachav, and Ruth who were drawn to the Almighty by the testimony of the faithful of Israel. And it seems that the more Israel obeyed the commandments of G-d, the more Gentiles came to learn of the G-d of Jacob. So much so, that by the time after the Babylonian captivity there had to be some way to deal with so many Gentiles. It seemed out of control. Some might have reasoned that an unclean and ignorant Gentile might wander into the Temple precincts in a ritually unclean state! Hence, the traditions surrounding the "Gentile problem" were formalized - in direct contradiction to the instructions in this week's Torah portion: • Don't touch a Gentile (you don't know where they have been - and you might thereafter profane the Temple with ritual uncleanness). • Don't let a Gentile into the Temple precincts (OK, they can come in, but keep them out of the inner area). • Don't allow a Gentile to be a part of the family of Israel. No wonder Peter had to have a dream in order to accept the Gentiles as fellow believers (Acts 10). Now maybe you can see why it makes some very uncomfortable for Calev to be a Gentile. Beloved, these verses should make them equally uncomfortable: One ordinance shall be for you of the assembly and for the stranger [ger] who dwells with you, an ordinance forever throughout your generations; as you are, so shall the stranger be before HaShem. One Torah and one custom shall be for you and for the stranger [ger] who dwells with you.'" Numbers 15:15-16 Beloved, those are the words of the Almighty, and yet in the Second Temple, there was a middle wall of partition in the Temple. Gentiles could go no further to worship the G-d of Israel, at the threat of death. Gentiles were drawn to the Almighty by the testimony of Israel, and yet forbidden to draw near. The only way for a Gentile to fully worship the G-d of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob was to undergo a ritual conversion to become a Jew. It was called "circumcision" but that is merely shorthand for the entire process which was: • Pay the Temple tax • Agree to abide by the Torah's instructions • Undergo ritual circumcision (for a man) • Be immersed in a ritual immersion pool This ritual of making a Gentile "into a Jew," is what is being spoken of in Acts 15:1. Coming up out of the mikveh [immersion pool], the "proselyte" was considered an "Israelite in every way." As a member of Israel, he was considered "saved" and had a share in the World to Come.
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