Security Analysis and Decryption of Filevault 2
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Learn Yosemite OS X from PCM's Apple Experts
Learn Yosemite OS X from PCM’s Apple Experts Yosemite 101: OS X Support Essentials Give PCM the opportunity to train your team to support users of Apple’s Mac OS X Yosemite. Our Apple certified trainers are ready to come to your location and provide PCM’s Apple certified trainers will teach your team Yosemite OS X fundamentals and how to be efficient with you with invaluable Yosemite tools and resources. hands-on instruction. OS X Yosemite Support Essentials is a three-day, Who Should Attend hands-on course that provides an in-depth explo- • Help desk specialists, technical coordinators, ration of troubleshooting on Mac OS X v10.10 Yo- service technicians, and others who support semite. This course is designed to give you a tour Mac users. of the breadth of functionality of Mac OS X v10.10 • Technical support personnel in businesses that Yosemite and the best methods for effectively use Macs. supporting users of Mac OS X v10.10 Yosemite • Technical coordinators or power users who systems. The course is a combination of lectures manage networks of computers running and hands-on case study exercises that provide Mac OS X — such as teachers and technology practical real-world experience. specialists who manage networks or computer labs. At your location For a class at your location, PCM will provide an What You Will Learn Apple Certified Trainer, all the student materials, • The troubleshooting process and how to and an exam voucher for each attendee (up to become more efficient with available tools 6 students included in price). -
Self-Encrypting Deception: Weaknesses in the Encryption of Solid State Drives
Self-encrypting deception: weaknesses in the encryption of solid state drives Carlo Meijer Bernard van Gastel Institute for Computing and Information Sciences School of Computer Science Radboud University Nijmegen Open University of the Netherlands [email protected] and Institute for Computing and Information Sciences Radboud University Nijmegen Bernard.vanGastel@{ou.nl,ru.nl} Abstract—We have analyzed the hardware full-disk encryption full-disk encryption. Full-disk encryption software, especially of several solid state drives (SSDs) by reverse engineering their those integrated in modern operating systems, may decide to firmware. These drives were produced by three manufacturers rely solely on hardware encryption in case it detects support between 2014 and 2018, and are both internal models using the SATA and NVMe interfaces (in a M.2 or 2.5" traditional form by the storage device. In case the decision is made to rely on factor) and external models using the USB interface. hardware encryption, typically software encryption is disabled. In theory, the security guarantees offered by hardware encryp- As a primary example, BitLocker, the full-disk encryption tion are similar to or better than software implementations. In software built into Microsoft Windows, switches off software reality, we found that many models using hardware encryption encryption and completely relies on hardware encryption by have critical security weaknesses due to specification, design, and implementation issues. For many models, these security default if the drive advertises support. weaknesses allow for complete recovery of the data without Contribution. This paper evaluates both internal and external knowledge of any secret (such as the password). -
Analysis of an Encrypted HDD
Analysis of an encrypted HDD J. Czarny, R. Rigo May 11, 2015 Abstract The idea of this presentation is to debunk the myth that analyzing the security of hardware is difficult. From the perspective of a software reverse engineer we present the process of studying a hardware-encrypted, PIN secured, external hard drive: the Zalman VE-400. While the end result of the analysis and attack is not a full success as it was not possible to recover an encrypted drive, it shows that the drive is nevertheless vulnerable by design. 1 Introduction 1.1 The target Analysing the security of hardware products seems to scare software reversers and hackers. It used to scare us. But, fortunately, today there is no need to know much about electronics, as most products are just System on Chip (SoC), a single integrated circuit with IO and a CPU or microcontroller. All that is needed is a bit of soldering ability, a multimeter, some useful pieces of hardware and a brain. The subject here is not embedded systems in the now common sense of “small hardware running Linux” but smaller systems using one or two chips. Most interesting for software hackers are encrypted HDD/USB keys: their functionnality is conceptually simple and they provide an interesting target. We will focus on the Zalman VE-400 encrypted drive, a consumer enclosure for 2.5" SATA hard drives which supports hardware encryption. It also supports advanced features like mounting ISO files as virtual optical drives. To do so, the user must choose between the ExFAT and NTFS filesystem support, by reflashing the correct firmware. -
Nouveau Mode Opératoire Pour La Cryptographie *
Nouveau Mode Opératoire pour la Cryptographie * Naima Hadj-Said*, Adda Ali-Pacha, Mohamed Sadek Ali-Pacha – Aek Haouas *Laboratoire SIMPA (Signal-Image-Parole) Université des Sciences et de la Technologie d’Oran USTO , BP 1505 El M’Naouer Oran 31036 Algerie [email protected] Résumé : Un mode opératoire consiste en la description détaillée des actions nécessaires à l'obtention d'un résultat. Il décrit généralement le déroulement détaillé des opérations effectuées sur un poste fixe, mais il peut également décrire l'enchaînement des opérations de poste à poste. Un mode opératoire décrivant les enchaînements opératoires de poste à poste permet de définir : -l'ensemble des postes de travail concernés par la réalisation d'un produit, d'une pièce élémentaire, - les temps de passage prévus (alloués) à chaque poste, -l'ordre logique d'intervention de chaque poste (machine, ou poste manuel), -les conditions d'enchaînement, de déclenchement, des opérations successives, -les moyens de transfert de poste à poste. En cryptographie, un mode d'opération est la manière de traiter les blocs de texte clairs et chiffrés au sein d'un algorithme de chiffrement par bloc ou bien c’est la présentation d’une méthode de chaînage des blocs dans un chiffrement par blocs. Plusieurs modes existent possédant leur propre atout, certains sont plus vulnérables que d'autres et certains modes combinent les concepts d'authentification et sécurité. Dans ce travail on essaie de faire la synthèse des modes opératoires des systèmes cryptographique et de proposer une bonne alternative pour faire le bon choix du vecteur d'initialisation de ces modes, avec la suggestion d’un nouveau mode opératoire qu’on a appelé : mode Autonome Secure blocK (ASK). -
Security Analysis and Decryption of Lion Full Disk Encryption
Infiltrate the Vault: Security Analysis and Decryption of Lion Full Disk Encryption Omar Choudary Felix Grobert¨ ∗ Joachim Metz ∗ University of Cambridge [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Abstract 1 Introduction Since the launch of Mac OS X 10.7, also known as Lion, With the launch of Mac OS X 10.7 (Lion), Apple has Apple includes a volume encryption software named introduced a volume encryption mechanism known as FileVault 2 [8] in their operating system. While the pre- FileVault 2. Apple only disclosed marketing aspects of vious version of FileVault (introduced with Mac OS X the closed-source software, e.g. its use of the AES-XTS 10.3) only encrypted the home folder, FileVault 2 can en- tweakable encryption, but a publicly available security crypt the entire volume containing the operating system evaluation and detailed description was unavailable until (this is commonly referred to as full disk encryption). now. This has two major implications: first, there is now a new functional layer between the encrypted volume and We have performed an extensive analysis of the original file system (typically a version of HFS Plus). FileVault 2 and we have been able to find all the This new functional layer is actually a full volume man- algorithms and parameters needed to successfully read ager which Apple called CoreStorage [10] Although this an encrypted volume. This allows us to perform forensic full volume manager could be used for more than volume investigations on encrypted volumes using our own encryption (e.g. mirroring, snapshots or online storage tools. -
Enclave Security and Address-Based Side Channels
Graz University of Technology Faculty of Computer Science Institute of Applied Information Processing and Communications IAIK Enclave Security and Address-based Side Channels Assessors: A PhD Thesis Presented to the Prof. Stefan Mangard Faculty of Computer Science in Prof. Thomas Eisenbarth Fulfillment of the Requirements for the PhD Degree by June 2020 Samuel Weiser Samuel Weiser Enclave Security and Address-based Side Channels DOCTORAL THESIS to achieve the university degree of Doctor of Technical Sciences; Dr. techn. submitted to Graz University of Technology Assessors Prof. Stefan Mangard Institute of Applied Information Processing and Communications Graz University of Technology Prof. Thomas Eisenbarth Institute for IT Security Universit¨atzu L¨ubeck Graz, June 2020 SSS AFFIDAVIT I declare that I have authored this thesis independently, that I have not used other than the declared sources/resources, and that I have explicitly indicated all material which has been quoted either literally or by content from the sources used. The text document uploaded to TUGRAZonline is identical to the present doctoral thesis. Date, Signature SSS Prologue Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 3 Our life turned digital, and so did we. Not long ago, the globalized commu- nication that we enjoy today on an everyday basis was the privilege of a few. Nowadays, artificial intelligence in the cloud, smartified handhelds, low-power Internet-of-Things gadgets, and self-maneuvering objects in the physical world are promising us unthinkable freedom in shaping our personal lives as well as society as a whole. Sadly, our collective excitement about the \new", the \better", the \more", the \instant", has overruled our sense of security and privacy. -
Blacklight 10.2
BlackLight 10.2 Release Notes October 30, 2020 Thank you for using BlackBag Technologies products. The Release Notes for this version include important information about new features and improvements made to BlackLight. In addition, this document contains known limitations, supported versions, and updated system requirements. While this information is complete at time of release, it is subject to change without notice and is provided for informational purposes only. Summary To enhance our forensic analysis tool, BlackLight 10.2 includes these new or improved features. • Timeline • Optical character recognition • Tagging improvements • Ingest additional Cellebrite mobile extractions • A first look at Activity Correlation for Windows Features Timeline The new Timeline view lets you access more information from one place. It responds quickly, even with many items in a case file, and it is cleaner and easier to navigate than the previous version. Timeline view allows you to easily focus on all activity during a time period you specify. You can see and sort by all timestamps for each artifact in the Timeline view. You can also see the file path, so you can easily view the file in the File Browser view and investigate further. You can tag items in the Timeline view just as you would in other views within BlackLight. Optical Character Recognition This release introduces the ability to process image (picture) based files for text. Optical character recognition (OCR) converts text detected in the image into plain text which can be indexed and then searched. This process is limited to these image types. .pdf, .tiff, .bmp, .png, .jpg, and .gif You can run OCR processing in three ways. -
The Apple Ecosystem
APPENDIX A The Apple Ecosystem There are a lot of applications used to manage Apple devices in one way or another. Additionally, here’s a list of tools, sorted alphabetically per category in order to remain vendor agnostic. Antivirus Solutions for scanning Macs for viruses and other malware. • AVG: Basic antivirus and spyware detection and remediation. • Avast: Centralized antivirus with a cloud console for tracking incidents and device status. • Avira: Antivirus and a browser extension. Avira Connect allows you to view device status online. • BitDefender: Antivirus and malware managed from a central console. • CarbonBlack: Antivirus and Application Control. • Cylance: Ransomware, advanced threats, fileless malware, and malicious documents in addition to standard antivirus. • Kaspersky: Antivirus with a centralized cloud dashboard to track device status. © Charles Edge and Rich Trouton 2020 707 C. Edge and R. Trouton, Apple Device Management, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-5388-5 APPENDIX A THe AppLe ECOSYSteM • Malware Bytes: Antivirus and malware managed from a central console. • McAfee Endpoint Security: Antivirus and advanced threat management with a centralized server to track devices. • Sophos: Antivirus and malware managed from a central console. • Symantec Mobile Device Management: Antivirus and malware managed from a central console. • Trend Micro Endpoint Security: Application whitelisting, antivirus, and ransomware protection in a centralized console. • Wandera: Malicious hot-spot monitoring, jailbreak detection, web gateway for mobile threat detection that integrates with common MDM solutions. Automation Tools Scripty tools used to automate management on the Mac • AutoCasperNBI: Automates the creation of NetBoot Images (read: NBI’s) for use with Casper Imaging. • AutoDMG: Takes a macOS installer (10.10 or newer) and builds a system image suitable for deployment with Imagr, DeployStudio, LANrev, Jamf Pro, and other asr or Apple Systems Restore-based imaging tools. -
Mac OS X Server in Education Collaboration and Communication Solutions for 21St-Century Academic Environments
Mac OS X Server in Education Collaboration and communication solutions for 21st-century academic environments. Podcasts. Blogs. Wikis. Group calendars. Video chats. Instant access to centralized resources. Welcome to the 21st-century academic environment. With Mac OS X Server version 10.5 Leopard, Apple puts the power of a server into the hands of everyone in your institution. So students, educators, and researchers are always connected and always communicating and collaborating—whether they’re around the globe or just across campus. 10 Reasons for Mac OS X Server in Education 1. End-to-end production of professional-quality podcasts. Podcast Producer in Mac OS X Server is a complete, customizable solution for producing podcasts of lectures, development sessions, research presentations, and campus updates. Starting with the Podcast Capture application in Mac OS X Leopard, it’s a snap for users to capture audio and video, record onscreen actions, or submit existing QuickTime content to the server. Once the content is uploaded, Podcast Producer automatically publishes it to your choice of distribution services—including iTunes U—in formats optimized for playback on almost any device, from HD video to iPod, Apple TV, or any multimedia-enabled cell phone. 2. Group collaboration on wiki-powered websites. Mac OS X Server gives students, educators, and research teams an instant space for collaboration. With their own group wiki—complete with blog, group calendar, and mailing-list archive—authorized users can create entries, tag and cross-reference material, upload files and images, add comments, and perform keyword searches. Best of all, these powerful capabilities are accessible from any modern browser in just a few clicks—there’s no need to learn an arcane markup language. -
Format Preserving Encryption
– Figure 1: Cover picture Format Preserving Encryption Bachelor Thesis Degree programme: Bachelor of Science in Computer Science Author: Matthias Liechti, Rizja Schmid Thesis advisor: Prof. Dr. Reto Koenig Expert: Stefan Berner Date: 12.06.2015 Berner Fachhochschule | Haute école spécialisée bernoise | Bern University of Applied Sciences Management Summary This thesis aims to give a theoretical as well as practical overview of an emerging issue in the field of IT security named Format Preserving Encryption (FPE). Although FPE is not new, it is relatively unknown. It is used in the full-disk encryption and some other areas. Nevertheless, it is to this day even unknown to many cryptographers. Another issue that is on everyone's lips is the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT offers a whole new scope for FPE and could give it possibly a further boost. Format Preserving Encryption is - as the name says - an encryption in which the format of the encrypted data is maintained. When a plaintext is encrypted with FPE, the ciphertext then has the same format again. As illustrated for example on the cover page: If we encrypt the owner and the number of a credit card with AES we get an unrecognizable string. If we use FPE instead, we might get for example Paul Miller and the number 4000 0838 7507 2846. The advantage is that for man and/or machine nothing changes. The encryption is therefore not noticed without analysis of the data. The advantage can also become a disadvantage. An attacker has with the format of the ciphertext already information about the plaintext. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,514,285 B2 Durham Et Al
USO09514285B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,514,285 B2 Durham et al. (45) Date of Patent: Dec. 6, 2016 (54) CREATING STACK POSITION DEPENDENT (56) References Cited CRYPTOGRAPHC RETURN ADDRESS TO MTGATE RETURN ORIENTED U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS PROGRAMMING ATTACKS 7.853,803 B2 * 12/2010 Milliken ................. GO6F 21/52 713, 176 (71) Applicant: Intel Corporation, Santa Clara, CA 2014/0173293 A1* 6/2014 Kaplan ................... G06F 21.54 (US) T13, 190 (72) Inventors: David M. Durham, Beaverton, OR OTHER PUBLICATIONS (US); Baiju V. Patel, Portland, OR “Disk encryption theory,” available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ (US) XEX-TCB-CTS, accessed Dec. 29, 2014, 6 pages. “The Heartbleed bug, available at http://heartbleed.com/, accessed (73) Assignee: Intel Corporation, Santa Clara, CA Dec. 29, 2014, 7 pages. (US) “OpenSSL.” available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSSL, accessed Dec. 29, 2014, 13 pages. (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this “Return-oriented programming,' available at http://en.wikipedia. patent is extended or adjusted under 35 org/wiki/Return-oriented programming, accessed Dec. 29, 2014, 4 pageS. U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. “Buffer overflow,” available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buf (21) Appl. No.: 14/498,521 fer overflow, accessed Dec. 29, 2014, 12 pages. (22) Filed: Sep. 26, 2014 * cited by examiner Primary Examiner — Jacob Lipman (65) Prior Publication Data (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Barnes & Thornburg US 2016/0094.552 A1 Mar. 31, 2016 LLP (51) Int. C. (57) ABSTRACT G6F 2/54 (2013.01) A computing device includes technologies for securing G06F2L/00 (2013.01) return addresses that are used by a processor to control the (52) U.S. -
Filevault, Choose an Unlock Method, and Set a • Create a Recovery Key
Overview Power and Mac State 8. Choose how to unlock your disk and reset Encryption occurs only while plugged into a your login password if you forget it. If your Mac is eligible, you just need to enable power source and in the Awake Status. • Use your iCloud account OR FileVault, choose an unlock method, and set a • Create a recovery key. Write down the few other options. Once enabled, files are Prevent Your Mac From Sleeping recovery key, or take a photo with your encrypted as they are added. 1. Go to the Apple menu. phone (be sure your phone is set up to 2. Select System Preferences. use a passcode to unlock), and keep it in Macs that are managed by WashU IT 3. Select Energy Saver. a safe place. are encrypted. If you need access to 4. Select the Power Adapter tab and your FileVault key, please contact the then slide the timer to Never. Don’t WashU IT Help Desk. forget to reset it when you are done encrypting. Requirements to Use FileVault Enabling FileVault 9. Select Continue. 10. If your Mac has multiple users, each Correct Mac OS Version If you meet the requirements in 1, 2, and 3, account that needs login access will need to OS X 10.7 Lion or newer and your mac is plugged into a power source, be enabled. You will need to know the follow the steps below. associated password for each account, or Check Your OS Version 1. Go to the Apple menu. have the user enter it during this process.