IEE Rehabilitation of Bobong Access Road Sub-Project

Initial Environmental Examination

May 2018

PHI: Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management Project Rehabilitation of Bobong Access Road in Bobong, Kitaotao, Bukidnon

Prepared by Municipality of Kitaotao, Province of Bukidnon for the Asian Development Bank.

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 30 April 2018 Year) The date of the currency equivalents must be within 2 months from the date on the cover. Currency unit – peso (PhP) PhP 1.00 = $ 0.01937 $1.00 = PhP 51.6072

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB Asian Development Bank AFMA Agricultural and Fisheries Management Plan BCR Benefits Cost Ratio BDC Barangay Development Council CBMS Community Base Monitoring System CIDSS Comprehensive and Integrated Delivery of Social Services CNC Certificate of Non-Coverage CSC Construction Supervision Consultant CSO Civil Society Organization DED Detail Engineering Design DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DILG Department of Interior and Local Government DPWH Department of Public Works and Highway DSWD Department of Social Welfare and Development ECA Environmentally Critical Area ECC Environmental Compliance Certificate ECP Environmentally Critical Project EHSM Environmental Health and Safety Manager EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EIAMMP Environmental Impact Assessment Management and Monitoring Plan EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return EIS Environmental Impact Statement EMB Environmental Management Bureau ESS Environmental Safeguards Specialist FDBB Full Disclosure Bulletin Board FIBECO First Bukidnon Electric Cooperative FMR Farm to Market Road GAD Gender and Development IEE Initial Environmental Examination INREMP Integrated Natural Resources and Environment Management Project IP Indigenous People IRA Internal Revenue Allotment IROW Infrastructure Right of Way ISF Integrated Social Forest LFC Local Finance Committee LGU Local Government Unit LP Loan Proceed LPRAT Local Poverty Reduction Action Team MCW Magna Carta of Women MDC Municipal Development Council

MOA Memorandum of Agreement MPN Most Probable Number NAAQ National Ambient Air Quality Guidelines NCB National Competitive Bidding NDP Nurse Deployment Project-Nurses to The Barrios NECA Non-Environmental Critical Area NECP Non-Environmental Critical Project NGCP National Grid Corporation of the Philippines NIA National Irrigation Administration NPCO National Project Coordinating Office NPV Net Present Value NRIMP National Road Improvement and Management Program NRM Natural Resources Management OMC Overhead, Contingencies and Miscellaneous and Contractor’s PAGASA Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration PASU Protected Area Surveillance Unit PDR Project Description Report PMIC Project Management Implementation Consultant PPMO Provincial Project Management Office PMO Project Management Office PPMC Provincial Project Management Council PMU Project Management Unit POs Peoples’ Organizations POWs Program of Works PSA Philippine Statistics Authority PWD Persons with Disability RC Reinforced Concrete RCPC Reinforced Concrete Pipe Culvert RHMDP Rural Health Midwives Placement Program RPCO Regional Project Coordinating Office REA Rapid Environmental Assessment ROW Right of Way SB Sangguniang Bayan SBD Standard Bidding Document SEMS Social and Environmental Management Systems SPD Subproject Proposal Document SPMU Sub-Project Management Unit SPS Safeguard Policy Statement SSS Social Safeguards Specialist TA Technical Assistance TDS Total Dissolved Solids TOR Terms of Reference TSP Total Suspended Particulates WMA Watershed Management Area WMP Watershed Management Plan WMPCO Watershed Management and Project Coordination Offices

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WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

˚C – degree centigrade ha – hectare km – kilometer m – meter m asl – meter above sea level mm – millimeter mg/L – milligram per liter mg/Nm3 – milligram per normal cubic meter ppt – parts per thousand μg/Nm3 – microgram per normal cubic meter µS/cm – microSiemens/cm % – percent

NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars unless otherwise stated.

This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 1 II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ...... 3 A. Environmental Clearance Requirements ...... 3 1. Government Environmental Laws, Regulations and Guidelines ...... 3 2. ADB Environmental Assessment Requirements ...... 6 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ...... 6 A. Overview ...... 6 B. Project Location ...... 7 C. Project Rationale ...... 7 D. Project Development Plan ...... 9 1. Project Components ...... 9 1. Description of the Project Phases ...... 11 3. Manpower Requirements ...... 12 4. Project Cost ...... 12 5. Project Duration and Schedule ...... 13 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ...... 13 A. Topography and Slope ...... 13 B. Geology ...... 15 C. Soils ...... 16 D. Water Quality ...... 17 E. Land Classification and Land Use ...... 20 F. Climate ...... 21 G. Natural Hazards ...... 24 H. Biological Environment ...... 24 1. Flora and Fauna ...... 24 I. Socio-Economic Conditions ...... 25 1. Population ...... 25 2. Population Density ...... 26 3. Indigenous Peoples and People’s Organization ...... 26 4. Education ...... 27 6. Housing ...... 28 7. Income and Expenditure ...... 28 8. Tourism ...... 29 9. Commerce and Industry...... 30 10. Electricity ...... 30 11. Communication ...... 30 12. Road and Transportation ...... 30 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 31 A. Pre-Construction ...... 33 1. Confirmation of no required resettlement, relocations, and compensation ...... 33 2. Identification and prioritization of road section where re-gravelling, gravelling and concreting will be done ...... 34 3. Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work ...... 34 4. Recruitment of workers ...... 34 B. Construction ...... 34 1. Construction materials acquisition, transport access, and storage system ...... 34 2. Clearing and removal of obstructions ...... 35 3. Soil erosion ...... 35 4. Ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road ...... 35 5. Civil works (Concrete Pavement) ...... 35 6. Implementation of noise and dust control measure ...... 36 7. Dust and noise from borrow pits ...... 36

8. Implementation of spoil management and control measure ...... 36 9. Solid and liquid construction waste management system ...... 36 10. Water quality ...... 37 11. Construction drainage system ...... 37 12. Workers health, safety and hygiene ...... 37 13. Traffic safety and management...... 38 14. Ecological environment (Flora and Fauna) ...... 38 15. Damaged to properties ...... 38 16. Concrete washout ...... 38 17. Use of hazardous substances ...... 38 18. Public safety ...... 39 C. Operation and Maintenance Phase ...... 39 1. Operation of upgraded access road ...... 39 VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION ...... 40 A. Stakeholder Consultations ...... 40 B. Information Disclosure ...... 42 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ...... 42 VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 44 A. Implementation Arrangements ...... 44 B. Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan ...... 46 C. Environmental Monitoring ...... 54 IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ...... 57 A. Conclusion ...... 57 B. Recommendation ...... 57

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Relative Location of the Proposed Bobong Access Road ...... 8 Figure 2. Slope Distribution of the Muleta Watershed...... 14 Figure 3. Elevation and Slope of the Proposed Subproject ...... 15 Figure 4. Geologic Map of the Muleta River Watershed ...... 16 Figure 5. Soil Map of the Muleta River Watershed ...... 17 Figure 6. Water Monitoring Sampling Sites in the Muleta Watershed ...... 18 Figure 7. Record of tropical cyclones that passed through the region covering the influence watersheds during the period 1948 - 2009 (PAGASA) ...... 22 Figure 8. Monthly rainfall based on CNCM3 model for 2020s and 2050s periods in Bukidnon Province ...... 23 Figure 9. Road Network of Barangay Bobong ...... 31

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Summary List of ECP Types and ECA Categories ...... 3 Table 2. Revised Guidelines for Coverage Screening and Standardized Requirements ...... 4 Table 3. Breakdown of Cost Estimates for the Road Rehabilitation Project ...... 12 Table 4. Indicative Implementation Schedule ...... 13 Table 5. Results of Water Quality in the Muleta Watershed ...... 18 Table 6. Existing Land Uses in Barangay Bobong ...... 20

Table 7. Projected monthly rainfall based on CNCM3 model with A1b and A2 scenarios for 2020s and 2050s periods in Bukidnon Province ...... 22

Table 8. Change anomalies of rainfall in Bukidnon Province based on CNCM3 model ...... 23 Table 9. Total Annual Number of Typhoons in the Area ...... 24 Table 10. Summary of Flora and Fauna within the Muleta Watershed ...... 24 Table 11. Projected Population Age Group, Brgy. Bobong ...... 26 Table 12. Projected Population Density of Barangay Bobong ...... 26 Table 13. School Age Population Projection in Barangay Bobong...... 27 Table 14. Three Year Comparative Tax Revenue of Barangay Bobong ...... 28 Table 15. Three Years Comparative Expenditures of Barangay Bobong ...... 29 Table 16. Four (4) Year Comparative Income of the Municipality of Kitaotao ...... 29 Table 17. Four Year Comparative Expenditures of the Municipality of Kitaotao ...... 29 Table 18. Assessment of Potential Environmental Impacts ...... 32 Table 19. Summary of Stakeholder Views of the Rehabilitation of Bobong Access Road .... 41 Table 20. Responsibilities for EMP Implementation ...... 44 Table 21. Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan ...... 46 Table 22. Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 55

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1. A Copy of the Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) ...... 59 Appendix 2. Public Consultation Minutes, Attendance Sheets and Pictures ...... 61 Appendix 3. PO BWFAI Resolution of Support, Attendance and Pictures ...... 73 Appendix 4. Barangay Bobong Resolution of Support/ Endorsement ...... 76 Appendix 5.Municipal Council Resolution Affirming Interest to Avail INREMP Fund ...... 77 Appendix 6. IP Elders’ Minutes of the Meeting and Resolution of Consent (English) ...... 80 Appendix 7. Grievance Intake Form ...... 87

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I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. The Municipality of Kitaotao is located in the southern part of Bukidnon. It is bounded in the north by the Municipality of Don Carlos, Quezon and San Fernando. In the south by the Municipality of Dangcagan and Municipality of Arakan in the Province of North Cotabato, in the west by Municipality of Don Carlos, and in the east by Davao province. Kitaotao is 68 Kilometers away from Malaybalay City; the provincial capital of Bukidnon and where the seat of the provincial government is located.

2. Based on the survey in preparation for the DED and POW, the actual total length of the access road to be rehabilitated is 3.89 km. Of this length, 2.445 km will be re-graveled having a width of 4m carriageway with 1 m shoulder on both sides and 0.5 m earth canal. A portion of the said length, which will be around 402 m, will be concreted with 4m carriageway, 1 m shoulder on both sides and 0.5 m concrete canal. The access road to be rehabilitated has an existing concrete road of 240 m. On this particular portion, a concrete line canal and 0.5 m shoulder on one side will be constructed. Connecting to this is the 803 m foot trail which will be concreted with 1 m carriageway, 1 m shoulder on both sides and 0.5 m concrete line canal.

3. Although the subproject is located within the timberland and it is already an existing road, the Barangay Council has still facilitated the signing of waivers of the 12 individuals whose minimal portions of the areas they have cultivated are included in the proposed road rehabilitation. These portions are originally part of the Road Right of Way (RROW). They voluntarily executed waivers from any claim and/or compensation for the proposed access road rehabilitation and for the benefit of the entire community. Thus, through this subproject, they are simply returning the portions which were part of the RROW.

4. The present mode of transportation to and from the barangay is by means of motorcycles (Habal-habal). The present road network is from Bobong to Barangay Bershiba where the provincial road is located up to the paved national highway which is also connecting the Municipality of Don Carlos to the Municipality of Kadingilan. The populace of barangay Bobong can reach Poblacion, Kitaotao via Don Carlos municipality with a distance of 25 km. The other alternative route is from Barangay Bobong to Barangay Kauyonan passing through a hilly trail and crossing the Muleta River through a foot bridge. Although this route is only nine (9) km away going to Poblacion Kitaotao, this would require opening and constructing of new access road and not just mere road rehabilitation. This would also entail considerable amount of needed budget and would greatly cover extensive areas which are classified as alienable and disposable areas.

5. The Sub-project has been categorized by ADB as Environment Category B and this IEE was prepared consistent with the environmental assessment requirements of ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement of 2009. The IEE was carried out through screening and analysis of various environmental parameters, field investigations, stakeholder consultations, and review of other road project reports in the Philippines. The IEE covers the general environmental profile of Kitaotao rural infrastructure sub-project and includes an assessment of the potential environmental impacts during different sub-project phases and formulation of

1 corresponding mitigation measures. The IEE was prepared by the LGU of Kitaotao with the cooperation of RPCO, PMU, WMCO and POs.

6. The proposed “Rehabilitation of Bobong Access Road” has no involuntary resettlement adverse impacts, no land acquisition concern to be addressed in the subproject. Likewise, no individuals or groups of people will be physically displaced from their houses because of the proposed subproject; and no permanent asset nor any improvements will be affected by it. The final subproject design will deviate away from a few houses and possible encroachment initially identified during the site validation and indicated in the social aspect portion of the Aide Memoire for this subproject.

7. The IEE, based on the screening of baseline environment and review of proposed civil works, has not identified any major environmental concerns due to proposed Rehabilitation of Bobong Access Road given that all the proposed civil works are only asset preservation of existing roadway and are located within existing right of way. There will only be localized short-term impacts during construction activities due to implementation of civil works that will be addressed in the detailed design and through implementation of the mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental management plan.

8. The IEE process included stakeholder participation and consultation to help LGUs achieve public acceptance of the Sub-project. On February 8-10, 2017, the team arrived at the Municipality of Kitaotao and initiated a meeting with the LGU’s Sub Project Management Unit (SPMU) and field implementing units to discuss the objectives of the visit. After the meeting, site or ocular inspection was conducted to validate the scope of works and location. Subsequently, a write shop was also conducted which was attended by the Municipal Administrator, SPMU, barangay officials, and INREMP local staff. The consultation with barangay officials and residents confirmed that the rehabilitation of the access road is essential for economic development. On August 8, 2017, the proponent with the technical assistance of the consultant has made presentation of the Subproject describing the objective of the consultations, project description, proposed civil works, and anticipated social and environmental impacts and their mitigation measures. The consultations went very well and effective and the discussions were documented. Results of the consultation were positive, with local people considering that the road will bring significant economic benefits to the barangays and increase trade flows. Concerns on the subproject mainly revolved on its construction phase which can be mitigated. No long term negative environmental impact assessed by the participants. Majority of the respondents cited ease of transport as one of the direct benefits of the road and they are not anticipating any negative impact of the subproject to the environment.

9. A grievance redness mechanism will be established by the LGU of Kitaotao prior to commencement of site works to ensure that complaints of affected persons and other stakeholders regarding the project’s environmental performance are promptly addressed. Furthermore, giving primary to the traditional conflict resolution system, grievance procedure has been separately set in accordance with the Manobo tribe’s customary laws and NCIP’s rules.

10. The IEE includes an environmental management plan which details the mitigation measures, environmental monitoring activities, institutional responsibilities, and

2 environmental management capacity building. The LGU through its Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator and the Municipal Engineer will ensure that relevant EMP provisions are included in bid and contract documents for detailed design, project supervision and civil works. During construction, they will conduct close monitoring with the contractor and the contractor’s environmental monitoring reports will be submitted by LGU to ADB and such reports will be posted on ADB’s website for public disclosure. Furthermore, a Provincial Environmental Management Unit will be established to further ensure compliance to the EMP provisions.

11. The objective of the Rehabilitation of Bobong Access road is intended to provide all year round easy and affordable access of basic services, improved delivery of basic services, increasing economic opportunities and conditions, to uplift the quality of life of the barangay populace. The proposed access road will support the NRM project activities initiated by Department of Environment and Natural Resources.

12. This sub-project will have an overall beneficial impact and will have minor negative impacts during implementation period that will be carefully monitored and adequately mitigated through implementation of the Environmental Management Plan.

II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

A. Environmental Clearance Requirements

1. Government Environmental Laws, Regulations and Guidelines

13. According to the EMB Memorandum Circular 005 - 2014, the environmental category of a project is decided based on the type of the project (whether it falls into ‘Environmental Critical Project’, ECP type), location of the project (whether it falls into ‘Environmental Critical Areas’, ECA category), and size of the project. A summary list of ECPs and ECA categories are presented in Table 1.

Table 1. Summary List of ECP Types and ECA Categories A. List of ECPs As declared by Proclamation No. 2146 (1981) 1. Heavy Industries – Non-ferrous Metal Industries, Iron and Steel Mills, Petroleum and Petro-chemical Industries including Oil and Gas, Smelting Plants 2. Resource Extractive Industries – Major Mining and Quarrying Projects, Forestry Projects (logging, major wood processing projects, introduction of fauna (exotic animals) in public and private forests, forest occupancy, extraction of mangrove products, grazing), Fishery Projects (dikes for/ and fishpond development projects) 3. Infrastructure Projects – Major Dams, Major Power Plants (fossil-fueled, nuclear fueled, hydroelectric or geothermal), Major Reclamation Projects, Major Roads and Bridges As declared by Proclamation No. 803 (1996) 4. All golf course projects B. List of ECA Categories - As declared by Proclamation No. 2146 (1981) 1. All areas declared by law as national parks, watershed reserves, wildlife preserves, sanctuaries 2. Areas set aside as aesthetic potential tourist spots 3. Areas which constitute the habitat of any endangered or threatened species of Philippine wildlife (flora and fauna) 4. Areas of unique historic, archaeological, or scientific interests 5. Areas which are traditionally occupied by cultural communities or tribes

6. Areas frequently visited and/or hard-hit by natural calamities (geologic hazards, floods, typhoons, volcanic activity, etc.) 7. Areas with critical slopes 8. Areas classified as prime agricultural lands 9. Recharged areas of aquifers 10. Water bodies characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: tapped for domestic purposes; within the controlled and/or protected areas declared by appropriate authorities; which support wildlife and fishery activities 11. Mangrove areas characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: with primary pristine and dense young growth; adjoining mouth of major river systems; near or adjacent to traditional productive fry or fishing grounds; areas which act as natural buffers against shore erosion, strong winds and storm floods; areas on which people are dependent for their livelihood. 12. Coral reefs characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: With 50% and above live coralline cover; Spawning and nursery grounds for fish; Act as natural breakwater of coastlines

Based on their type, size and location the projects have been classified into 3 major groups: • Group I (ECPs): ECPs in either ECAs or NECAs – Environmentally Critical Projects in either Environmentally Critical Areas or Non-Environmentally Critical Areas. These projects require the proponent to submit ‘Environmental Impact Statement’ report to secure ‘Environmental Compliance Certificate’ from DENR’s Environment Management Bureau (EMB). Table 2 gives the size of the road and bridge projects that fall in to Group 1. • Group II (NECPs): NECPS in ECAs – Non-Environmentally Critical Projects in Environmentally Critical Areas. These projects require proponent to submit either ‘Initial Environmental Examination’ Report or ‘Project Description Report ‘based on the size of the project (see Table 2) to secure either ECC or ‘Certificate of Non- Coverage’. • Group III (Non-Covered Projects): NECPs in NECS – Non-Environmentally Critical Projects in Non-Environmentally Critical Areas. PDR required to be submitted for Enhancement Mitigation Projects for confirmation of benign nature of proposed activity, and CNC is required to be secured. All other projects shall be at the option of the proponent to prepare a PDR as a basis for CNC, should the proponent opt to secure one.

Table 2. Revised Guidelines for Coverage Screening and Standardized Requirements Not covered Covered (Required to secure ECC) (may secure CNC) Projects within the CATEGORY A: Project size CATEGORY B: Non-ECP CATEGORY D INREMP Menu of ECP parameters / Subprojects Project Remarks EIS EIS IEE Checklist Description (Part I only) 3.1Dams, Water Supply and Flood Control Project >5 hectares 3.1.1DAMS (including but Reservoir those for irrigation, flood <25 hectares flooded/inun ≤5 hectares control, water source ≥ 25 hectares OR OR dated area AND NONE and hydropower ≥ 20 million m3 >5 million m3 or/and water ≤5 million m3 projects) including run- but storage of-river type <20 million capacity m3

Not covered Covered (Required to secure ECC) (may secure CNC) Projects within the CATEGORY A: Project size CATEGORY B: Non-ECP CATEGORY D INREMP Menu of ECP parameters / Subprojects Project Remarks EIS EIS IEE Checklist Description (Part I only) ≥1,000 >300 but 3.1.2Irrigation projects hectares NONE <1,000 ≤300 hectares Service area (distribution system only) (service hectares area) With water source (e.g. infiltration gallery, etc.) and water Level III Level II / Level I 3.1.3 Water Supply treatment NONE (Distribution Water refilling Projects (without dam) facilities system only) station including desalination, reverse osmosis (RO) 3.4 Roads and Bridges >50% >50% increase in increase in capacity (or in capacity (or terms of in terms of length/width) >50% increase in length/width) AND capacity (or in 3.4.2 Roads, widening, AND >2km but terms of rehabilitation and/or NONE ≥20km, <20km, length/width) BUT ≤ improvement (length with (length with 2km increase in no critical no critical length slope) OR slope) OR ≥10km ≥10km (length (length with with critical critical slope) slope) ≤50m 3.4.3 Bridges and Regardless of viaducts (including ≥5km but >50m but ≥10km length for elevated roads), new <10km <5km footbridges or for construction pedestrian only >50% ≥50% increase in ≤50% increase in 3.4.4 Bridges and increase in capacity (or in capacity (or in viaducts (including capacity (or terms terms of elevated roads), NONE in terms of length/width) length/width) but rehabilitation and/or length/width) but

3.6 Buildings including Housing, Storage facilities and Other Structures Total/gross floor area 3.6.2 Storage facilities >1 hectare including with no hazardous or NONE ≥ 5 hectare but ≤ 1 hectare parking, toxic materials. <5 hectare open space and other areas

14. This subproject is an improvement of existing barangay road which falls under the group of Non-ECP. Given that the Subproject is rehabilitation of access road with no more than 50% increase in capacity and no increase in length, the corresponding ECC has been issued for the Municipality of Kitaotao’s INREMP RI subproject on April 27, 2018 (Appendix 1).

2. ADB Environmental Assessment Requirements

15. According to ADB guidelines, the process of determining a project’s environment category is to prepare a Rapid Environmental Assessment screening checklist, taking into account the type, size, and location of the proposed project. Based on ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS 2009), a project is classified as one of the four (4) environmental categories (A, B, C or FI) as follows:

• Category A: Projects with potential for significant adverse environmental impacts that is irreversible, diverse or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area larger than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. An environmental impact assessment is required.

• Category B: Projects judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree and/or significance than those for category A projects. Impacts are site-specific, few if any of them are irreversible, and in most cases mitigation measures can be designed more readily than for Category A projects. An initial environmental examination (IEE) is required.

• Category C: Projects likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. No environmental assessment is required although environmental implications are still reviewed.

• Category FI: Projects are classified as category FI if they involve investment of funds to or through a financial intermediary. Where the FI’s investment have minimal or no adverse environmental risks. The FI project will be treated as Category C. All other FI’s must establish and maintain an environmental and social management system and must comply with the environmental safeguards requirements specified in SPS 2009 if the FI’s subprojects have the potential for significant adverse environmental impacts.

16. According to Philippines environmental guidelines, the Project or Sub-project can be considered as either under Group II or III while ADB has categorized the Project as environment Category B. Hence, this IEE has been prepared to meet the requirements of both the ADB and the government. Upon ADB’s receipt of the final IEE from the proponent, this will be publicly disclosed through posting on ADB’s website.

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

A. Overview

17. The general objective of the Rehabilitation of Bobong Access road is intended to provide all year round easy and affordable access of basic services, improved delivery of

6 basic services, increasing economic opportunities and conditions, for the upliftment of the quality of life of the barangay populace. The proposed access road will support the NRM project activities initiated by Department of Environment and Natural Resources. The Bobong Watershed Farmers Association, Inc. (BWFAI) and based on INREMP’s community mapping, has an area coverage of 343 ha. A resolution of support or endorsement has been issued by the said PO for the rehabilitation of the Bobong Access Road.

B. Project Location

18. The Municipality of Kitaotao is located in the southern part of Bukidnon. It is bounded in the north by the Municipality of Don Carlos, Quezon and San Fernando. In the south by the Municipality of Dangcagan and Municipality of Arakan in the Province of North Cotabato, in the west by Municipality of Don Carlos, and in the east by Davao province. The municipality of Kitaotao is 68 kilometers away from Malaybalay City, the capital of the Bukidnon province.

19. Barangay Bobong is located in the western part of the municipality of Kitaotao (Figure 1). It is bounded in the north by Barangay Bershiba, in the east by Muleta River, in the south and in the west by the Municipality of Don Carlos. The distance from Barangay Bobong to Poblacion, Kitaotao via Don Carlos is 25 km; the only access road connecting the barangay to the poblacion which can accommodate 4-wheeled vehicles.

20. Based on the final DED and POW, the actual total length of the access road to be rehabilitated is 3.89 km. Of this length, 2.445 km will be re-graveled having a width of 4m- width carriageway with 1 m shoulder on both sides and 0.5 m earth canal. A portion of the said length which will be around 402 m will be concreted with 4m carriageway, 1 m shoulder on both sides and 0.5 m concrete canal. The access road to be rehabilitated has an existing concrete road of 240 m. On this particular portion, a concrete line canal on one side and 0.5 m shoulder on one side will be constructed. Connecting to this is the 803 m foot trail which will be concreted with 1 m carriageway, 1 m shoulder on both sides and 0.5 m concrete line canal.

C. Project Rationale

21. The BWFAI has an area coverage of 343 ha. Based on its profile, 5.13% of its members belong to the Manobo Tribe. The Manobo tribe consists around 33% of the total population of the barangay. The agricultural products in the area are corn, sugarcane, rubber, coconut and other fruit trees. The highest production produce is sugarcane followed by corn and others.

22. Barangay Bobong is considered as an isolated barangay of the municipality having been geographically separated by the Muleta River. The trail is the only way leading to a foot bridge that traverses Muleta River in going to Barangay Poblacion of the municipality which is just nine (9) km away. At present, the local and other government services for the

7 barangay will pass through the municipality of Don Carlos. The populace of this barangay brings their farm produce to Don Carlos.

Figure 1. Relative Location of the Proposed Bobong Access Road

23. Presently, Barangay Bobong is IRA dependent. Without this allotment, the barangay could not implement any PPAs intended for them. Evaluating the tax revenues including the IRA against the expenditures of the barangay, it was observed that tax revenues could not contribute any significant amount or budget for the rehabilitation of Bobong access road. This is the one of the main reasons why the LGU, PO and residents of the barangay are very supportive for the implementation of the INREMP RI subproject. At present, the residents of the barangay passing this access road are experiencing inconvenience and hazards because of the road’s poor condition especially during rainy season. In order to reach the adjacent barangay, residents are usually riding on a passenger motorcycle or habal-habal and paying a high fare. The farmers are forced to sell their agricultural products to the traders who came into the area at low price they dictate to the farmers and deal with higher cost of transportation and hauling if they sell them to the market.

D. Project Development Plan

1. Project Components

24. The major scope of works of the road rehabilitation are the following: a) Surface Re-gravelling (2,445 linear meters) b) Provision of Concrete Pavement (402.5 linear meters) c) Provision of Additional (1 m width) Concrete Pavement (240 linear meters) d) Provision of Foot Rail Concrete Pavement (803 linear meters) e) Provision of Natural Line Canal (5,760 linear meters) f) Provision of Rubble Concrete Line Canal (1289 linear meters) g) Provision of RCPC Cross Drains

25. The installation of RCPC Cross Drainage at Sta. 0+940 and rehabilitation of RCPC Cross Drain and in Sta.1+628 RCPC repair and rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete (RC) and stone masonry. The scope shall include graveled road approaches at both ends. The height to be achieved on center of the RCBC shall conform with the existing level of the road going to the approach.

26. The station 0+000 to Sta 0+250 will have a concrete pavement because it is slightly rolling with some critical sections. The average thickness of surface to be placed shall be 6 inches or 150 mm on a 6-meter-wide barangay road. The rehabilitation will also follow the standards to ensure its sustainability and stability. Station 2+987 up to Sta.3+890 will have a concrete pavement Foot Rail because it has some critical sections. The average thickness of the surface to be placed shall be four (4) inches on a one (1) m in width.

27. The following are the major technical specifications of the project:

Clearing and Removal of Obstructions

This item shall consist of clearing, grubbing, removing and disposing all debris as designated in the contract, except those objects that are designated to remain in place or are to be removed in consonance with other provisions of this specification. The work shall be based on the existing road alignment and no road widening component. The removal of trees and other improvements will be unnecessary since no trees, crops and other assets encroachment at the easement and right of way of the road.

Clearing and Grubbing

This item shall consist of the removal of grass, weeds that have grown in the road right of way which seven (7) meters in width and 3.89 kilometers long.

Excavation

This item shall consist of the removal of soil and other sub-grade materials to prepare the ground for the construction of RCPC and line canal. The also pertains to the removal of road sections containing heavy moisture and its replacement with common borrow.

Concrete Line Canal

This item shall consist of concrete hollow block with reinforcement bars constructed on the prepared base in accordance with the specifications with lines, grades and typical cross section shown in the plan.

Embankment

This item shall consist of the construction of embankment in accordance with Specifications and in conformity with the lines, grades, and dimensions shown on the plans or established by the Engineer. During work activity, every 0.20 m layer of filling materials will be subjected to compaction. Equipment requirements for this work item include the pay loader, dump truck, grader, and road roller.

Aggregate Sub-base Course

This item shall consist of furnishing, placing, and compacting an aggregate sub-base course on a prepared sub-grade in accordance with Specification and the lines, grades and cross-sections shown on the Plans, or as directed by the Engineer. The maximum size of course aggregates must be three (3) inches in diameter. Equipment types required are grader and road roller.

Aggregate Base Course

This item shall consist of furnishing, placing, and compacting an aggregate base course on a prepared sub-base in accordance with Specifications and the lines, grades, thickness, and typical cross-sections shown on the Plans, or as established by the Engineer. Equipment requirements are grader and road roller.

Portland Cement Concrete Pavement (PCCP)

This item shall consist of pavement of Portland Cement Concrete Pavement (PCCP) without reinforcement, constructed on the prepared base in accordance with Specifications and in conformity with lines, grades, thickness, and typical cross- section shown on the Plans. Equipment requirements are the concrete mixer, concrete vibrator, concrete cutter, bar cutter and water truck.

RCP Installation

This item shall consist of the construction or reconstruction of pipe culverts and storm drains, hereinafter referred to as “conduit” in accordance with Specifications and in conformity with the lines and grades shown on the Plans or as established by the Engineer.

Stone Masonry

This item shall consist of stone masonry in minor structures, in headwalls for culverts, in retaining walls at the toes of slopes, and at other places called for on the Plans, constructed on the prepared foundation bed, in accordance with Specification and in conformity with the lines, grades, sections, and dimensions shown on the Plans or as ordered in writing by the Engineer.

1. Description of the Project Phases

a. Pre-Construction Phase/Pre-Development Phase

28. This phase would involve the social preparation (to include organizational strengthening, planning, identification and prioritization of community needs) of the community for the entry of the project to the site, conduct of pre-engineering activities covering detailed survey works to determine alignment of roads and canal systems, preparation of the detailed engineering plans and programs of work, ROW negotiation, recruitment of work force and initial sourcing and procurement of construction materials. These activities will be conducted by the proponent technical staff, partner line agencies, NGO service providers, community beneficiaries especially the Indigenous People and contractors.

b. Construction/Development Phase

29. This phase would involve the mobilization of construction equipment, construction workers and materials to the specific project site after which the longer period of actual construction work will commence. The construction phase will end up with the demobilization of construction equipment, workers and other construction paraphernalia from the construction site. Majority of these activities will be undertaken by the contractor and community beneficiaries under the close supervision of the Project Management Office (PMO). The specific activities during construction phase that may have potential impacts to the environment with corresponding mitigation measures and implementation arrangement are as follows:

c. Operation Phase and Maintenance Phase

30. This phase involves the actual maintenance of the rehabilitated access road during its expected economic life. Likely impacts with corresponding mitigation measures and implementation arrangement would include the following:

d. Abandonment Phase

31. This phase is included in the project demobilization. The proponent does not intend to abandon any facilities and unserviceable equipment used during construction. The project location will not be abandoned in disorderly condition but instead restored for functional use. Following the completion of the construction, the proponent will dismantle temporary shelters and the construction yard including unserviceable vehicles and equipment.

32. Wastes arising from the abandonment are expected to be minimal. These wastes could include small volumes of left over sand and gravel, re-bars and other steel materials (i.e., nails, and welding roads), cement sacks, tarpaulins, lumber, used oil and grease.

3. Manpower Requirements

33. Construction activities will require hiring of skilled and unskilled manpower. It is assumed that some skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled manpower will be available in the area. Skilled manpower not available in the locality may be sourced from other nearby localities. Technical manpower will be a complementation of specialists to be provided by locally known engineering firms.

34. During the construction phase, a workforce consisting of contractual and regular laborers will be employed to carry out the construction of the proposed project.

35. The Contractor shall employ qualified and sufficient staff to carry out inspections, testing and monitoring for the project.

4. Project Cost

36. The Subproject Cost as estimated has the total amount of PhP 15,800,000 which includes the costs for the indirect cost and taxes aside from the direct cost (material + labor + equipment). Said direct cost has the amount of PhP 12,113,970.00. The overhead, contingencies and miscellaneous and contractor’s (OMC) profit will be 9% and 8% of the direct cost, respectively. Taxes will be in the fixed ratio of 12% as required by the government.

37. Following the agreed financing mix of the subproject, 80% of the total Subproject Cost as presented will be covered by the Project and the remaining 20% will be borne by the proponent LGU-Kitaotao as equity counterpart which will be appropriated by the Sangguniang Bayan (SB) from the Municipal Development Fund. The amount of equity counterpart based from the presented subproject cost above is PhP 3,160,000.00. The Local Government of Kitaotao has the capacity to provide counterpart for INREMP RI. During the budgeting for 2017, the LGU has allocated a total of PhP 3,200,000.00 from its 2017 Local Development Fund.

38. Aside from the equity counterpart provided by the LGU of Kitaotao for the subproject, they also allocated amount intended for the preparation of the project such as seminars, preparation of feasibility study (or subproject proposal document) and detailed engineering, survey of the project site and evaluation by the personnel from different sectors who are involved in the planning and implementation of the subproject. Breakdown of cost estimates is presented in Table 3.

Table 3. Breakdown of Cost Estimates for the Road Rehabilitation Project Description Amount (PhP) Percentage (%) Material costs 9,778,054.67 61.88 Equipment costs 1,713,444.33 10.84 Labor costs 622,471.00 3.96 OCM 1,013,379.70 6.41 Profit 900,781.93 5.70 Tax 1,771,868.37 11.21 Total Project Costs 15,800,000.00 100.00 Grant 12,640,000.00 80 Equity 3,160,000.00 20

5. Project Duration and Schedule

39. After the joint site validation and workshop spearheaded by INREMP on February 8- 10, 2017, the LGU of Kitaotao started the formulation of the full-blown SPD. The completed SPD has been submitted to INREMP for review. After the review, if the SPD is substantial enough, it will be endorsed to the RPCO for approval. After the subproject proposal document is approved, the procurement or bidding process will begin which should take a period of three (3) months. After the bidding, the subproject will be awarded to the winning bidder most likely at the end of August 2018. The construction will be completed in eight (8) months assuming there are no delays or more than eight (8) months to include anticipated rainfall and other unforeseen events. If the implementation of the project is completed, the LGU will prepare the documents and turn-over of project shall also take place at the same time. The maintenance and sustainability of the subproject will be performed after the project is turned-over. Details are shown in Table 4.

Table 4. Indicative Implementation Schedule RI subproject Milestones 2018 2019 F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A SPD Preparation Final Review of SPD SPD Approved

DED Preparation Procurement Stage Construction Stage Completion and Turn-over O&M Activities

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

A. Topography and Slope

40. Muleta River Watershed is regarded as critical in the socio-economic development and environmental services benefited by 160,520 inhabitants within the watershed area. It has a total area of 83,884.89 hectares catering the water supply to the Southern Bukidnon and portion of North Cotabato. The extent of its area encompasses 10 Municipalities and one City namely: Carmen, Damulog, Dangcagan, Don Carlos, Kibawe, Kitaotao, Kadingilan, Maramag, Pangantucan, Talakag and Valencia City.

41. The proposed Rehabilitation of Bobong Access Road is found within the Muleta River Watershed. The Muleta River Watershed is a sloping and mountainous area. A large portion of the watershed has a slope ranging from 18 % to more than 50 % (Figure 2). In particular, the proposed road rehabilitation has an elevation ranging from 133 to 306 m asl with an average slope of 15.8% as shown in Figure 3 below.

Figure 2. Slope Distribution of the Muleta Watershed

Figure 3. Elevation and Slope of the Proposed Subproject

B. Geology

42. Based on the geologic map of Muleta River Watershed as shown in Figure 4, the most dominant rock formations fall under Pliocene-quaternary which is composed of basalts and pyroclastic deposit. Its coverage is 57.14 %( 45,438.21) of the total area. Muleta Watershed is dominantly underlain by basalts and pyroclastics from volcanic flows, pyroclastic flows and lahar deposits which covers more than half of Muleta watershed based on the geologic map. It is evident in the northern portion of the watershed specifically in Dangcagan, Don Carlos, Kibawe, Kadingilan, Kitaotao, Maramag, Valencia and Talakag.

43. The following are the description of the dominant geologic features in Muleta River Watershed: a. Mainly, the geologic features of Muleta Watershed are of Quaternary pyroclastic, meaning that the parent geologic materials of these places are products of volcanic extrusion that happened millions of years ago. Presently, however, no active fault line can be found in the watershed. b. Second to the most dominant rocks within Muleta Watershed falls under Pliocene Pliestocene that covers 22,772 hectares which composes of limestones, pyroclastics, and clastics such as the conglomerates, shales, and sandstone. It can be found mostly in Damulog and Kadingilan and portion of Don Carlos and Kibawe. c. An aggregate area of 11,572 hectares (15.58 %) of the total land area of Muleta Watershed is under Upper Miocene-Pliocene which is mostly composed of igneous rocks, most of the igneous rock is found within the Municipality of Dangcagan, Damulog, Kitaotao and Kibawe. Upper Miocene-Pliocene covers only 3.06% (4,100 hectares) of the total area which is composed of sedimentary rocks Sedimentary rock is composed of mineral matter derived from the chemical decay and physical breakup of any previously existing variety of rock, come in many varieties. It is evident in the center portion of the Municipality of Damulog.

Figure 4. Geologic Map of the Muleta River Watershed

C. Soils

44. Generally, Muleta Watershed consists of seven (7) soil types (Figure 5). Kidapawan Clay/Kidapawan Clay Loam is the major soil within the watershed which is 32.40% of the area (24,544.26 hectares) it is located in Dangcagan, Don Carlos, Kadingilan, Kibawe, Kitaotao, Pangantucan and Valencia City wherein Pangantucan has the largest LGU area.

Figure 5. Soil Map of the Muleta River Watershed

D. Water Quality

45. The proposed road access subproject is transversely passing the Muleta River. This river has still no water classification pursuant to DAO No. 34, Series of 1990 and DENR Memorandum Circular No. 09, Series of 2001. In the absence of water classification and in accordance with the Manual of Procedure for Water Classification, the Muleta River is assumed to be a Class A waters since most of the upstream stations are under this classification. A “Class A” waters intended beneficial use is public water supply class which is usually sources of water supply that will require complete treatment (coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection) in order to meet the National Standards for Drinking Water.

46. The water quality assessment of Muleta Watershed was conducted on November 4, 2014 in three (3) monitoring points representing the upstream, midstream and downstream as shown in Figure 6. Results of the water quality are presented in Table 3.

Figure 6. Water Monitoring Sampling Sites in the Muleta Watershed

Table 5. Results of Water Quality in the Muleta Watershed Station Class A Water Standard Parameters 1 2 3 Upstream Midstream Downstream DO, mg/L 8.2 8.8 7.4 5 BOD, mg/L 14 13 12 5 TSS, mg/L 33 342 3,117 50 Hardness 0 0 8 Mg CACO3/L pH 6.88 6.84 6.86 6.5-8.5 Fecal Coliform, 54,000 17,000 110,000 100(m) MPN/100ml Total coliform, 160,000 23,000 79,000 1,000(m) MPN/100ml Nitrates 2.9 1.51 5.25 10 ,mg/L Phosphate, 0.08 <0.01 0.3 0.1(k) mg/L Note: Highlighted in red means did not pass to the set standard; Date of Sampling: November 4, 2014 Source: Muleta Watershed Management Plan (2017)

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)

47. The Biochemical Oxygen Demand, or BOD, define as a measure of the approximate quantity of dissolved oxygen that will be required by bacteria to stabilize organic matter in wastewater or surface water. Waters within Muleta River exhibited higher values of BOD which did not conform to the values set standard under DAO 34 series of 1990.

Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

48. Dissolved oxygen (DO) is the amount of oxygen that is dissolved in water. DO in Muleta River water passed the Class A water standard which has a minimum of 5 mg/L set under DAO 34 series of 1990.

49. pH is a measure of how acidity and alkalinity of the water. Results show that the water in three (3) monitoring stations are within the permissible pH values for Class A waters.

Total Suspended Solids (TSS)

50. TSS is the measure of the amount of undissolved solid particles in water such as level of siltation, decaying plant and animal matter, and domestic and industrial wastes. Based on results, the upstream water passed to the set standard in Class A waters.

Nitrates

51. The presence of nitrates usually does not have a direct effect on aquatic insects or fish. However, excess levels of nitrates in water can create conditions that make it difficult for aquatic insects or fish to survive. Unused inorganic fertilizers applied which is easily drained into soils can add up to the availability nitrates in the water. In Muleta Watershed, nitrates levels passed to the Class A waters standards in all stations.

Phosphates

52. Phosphorus occurs in natural waters and in wastewaters almost solely as phosphates. Presence of phosphate in natural waters is attributed by weathering and leaching process of phosphorus-bearing rocks and introduced through soil erosion and runoffs. Phosphate concentration in Muleta River waters passed to the Class A waters guideline values under DAO-34, series of 1990.

Fecal Coliform

53. The water quality of Muleta watershed is also assessed by measuring the coliform present in the water. Based on the water samples from Muleta River, bacteriological analysis shows the water to have a high fecal coliform count of 8MPN/100mL which did not conform to the 100MPN/100mL guideline value for Class “A” Waters.

Total Coliform

54. A total coliform count of Muleta River water as shown in the Table 3 did not conform to the1,000MPN/100mL guideline value for Class “A” Waters of DAO 34,1990. It was evident that most of the water samples from all the stations is highly contaminated and also denotes the potential public health hazards.

55. Total coliform bacteria as well as fecal coliform bacteria are considered indicators of water contaminated with fecal matter. Contaminated water may contain other pathogens

(micro-organisms that cause illness) that are more difficult to test for. These indicator bacteria are useful in giving a measure of contamination levels.

E. Land Classification and Land Use

56. Within the watershed, a total of 19,617 hectares are classified as open access or untenured areas. A total of 27 Land Resources Management Units (LRMUs) are within the watershed under CBFMA. Seven (7) LRMUs are within the protection area of the Municipality of Pangantucan, which also has the largest area coverage.

57. The total land area of the Municipality of Kitaotao is 92,730 ha in which 82% is classified as forestland and 18 % is alienable and disposable. The municipality is composed of 35 barangays wherein two (2) of which is in urbanizing area with a total land area of 10,863 ha while the remaining 32 barangays are rural barangays with a total land area of 81,186 ha. Brgy. Poblacion is considered as located in an urban center with an area of 681 ha. On the other hand, Barangay Bobong is classified as timberland with build-up or settlement areas of around 0.54% (Table 6).

Table 6. Existing Land Uses in Barangay Bobong No. Land Classification Estimated Area % to Total (ha) (%) 1 Built-up Areas/Settlements Residential 2.48 Commercial 0.08 Institutional 2.00 Parks and Playground 0.05 Roads 4.00 Sub-Total 8.61 0.54 2 Forestland Production 1,176.00 Protection 415.00 Sub-Total 1,591.00 99.46 Total Area 1,597.00 100 Source: CLUP

58. Certain agricultural lands are protected against irreversible conversion such as those for urban uses in order to keep and preserve highly suitable agricultural lands for the municipality and in line with the food security program of the national government. These lands are under the NPAA/NAAD or Network of Protected Agricultural Areas/Network of Areas for Agricultural Development. There are some barangays of the municipality that are under NPAA/NAAD. It should be noted that Barangay Bobong, where the proposed RI subproject is located, is not classified as within NPAA/NAAD areas. Rather, Barangay Bobong is declared as forest land as per Land Classification 2202 dated May 27, 1958 per certification issued by the DENR-CENRO Don Carlos last July 18, 2016.

59. Barangay Bobong is considered as an isolated barangay of the municipality having been geographically separated by the Muleta River. The agricultural products in the area are corn, sugarcane, rubber, coconut and other fruit trees.

60. The proposed rehabilitation of roads will not entail additional land acquisition as the existing roads have enough easement to accommodate the proposed scope of works. There are no houses, commercial buildings, and trees will be affected except for a few seasonal crops. Waivers were voluntarily given by the individuals whose minimal portions of the areas they have cultivated will be affected. It must be noted that few houses are physically located along the subproject existing road alignment. However, the distance of most houses are more than 5 meters alongside of the proposed road access improvement.

F. Climate

61. The Province of Bukidnon climate falls under Type III and IV of the Modified Corona’s Climate Classification System (Agpaoa et al., 1975). The western portion is classified under Type III which is characterized by a short dry season, usually from February to April, and Type IV climate in the eastern part, characterized by an almost evenly distributed rainfall during the whole year.

Rainfall

62. Records from PAGASA show that total annual average rainfall for the period of 1981-2010 is 1,703.3 mm. Further, PAGASA reveals that from June to November, which is rainy season, the average rainfall per month is 184.43 mm. From December to May, which is dry season, the average rainfall per month is 95.66 mm.

63. Meanwhile, the area has an annual mean temperature of 26.8 °C while the average relative humidity is 81%. The hottest months are April, May, and June while the coldest months are December, January, and February (Table 7). These observations were obtained from the nearest PAGASA station in Lumbia Airport.

64. The southwest and the northeast monsoon systems influenced the rainfall pattern that is responsible for the tropical storms that batter the entire region during the rainy season. The southwest monsoon sets in during late May and peaks during the months of November and December. The northeast monsoon then comes in during late October and intensifies in January and February. Overall, the area is seldom visited by storms and/or typhoons. From 1948 to 2009, only one tropical storm and one typhoon passed through the Province of Bukidnon, which affected the area. On average, the area is visited by two (2) typhoons per year. It is during January and October when a number of cyclones would cross the watersheds whereas the remaining months are almost free of tropical cyclones. On average, the area is visited by two (2) typhoons per year (Figure 7). It is during January and October when a number of cyclones would cross the watersheds whereas the remaining months are almost free of tropical cyclones.

Climate scenario for Bukidnon Province in 2020 and 2050

65. PAGASA-DOST projected the climate changes using the CNCM3 model scenarios. Based on projections, the province will be affected by changes in rainfall in various seasons and increasing occurrences of extreme events in 2020 and 2050. The projected monthly

21 rainfall change in 2020 and 2050 under the CNCM3 model scenario in the province are presented in Table 8.

66. The simulated monthly rainfall ranges from 71 mm to 626 mm. The mean monthly rainfall of two scenarios (A1B and A2) was significantly different from each period. The driest month, April, still sees below 150 mm of precipitation per month. The wettest months are November and December with a monthly mean of more than 300 mm (Figure 8).

67. In particular, the monthly precipitation fluctuated each month for two periods. However, the most distinct changes are predicted to be in the 2050s period under A2 scenario where most likely longer dry months. Other periods closely followed the trends and patterns. Overall, a decrease of annual rainfall was predicted in each scenario for two periods as much as 40% compared to the observed scenario (Table 8).

Figure 7. Record of tropical cyclones that passed through the region covering the influence watersheds during the period 1948 - 2009 (PAGASA)

Table 7. Projected monthly rainfall based on CNCM3 model with A1b and A2 scenarios for 2020s and 2050s periods in Bukidnon Province A1B A2 Month Observed 2020 2050 2020 2050 Jan 295.5 335.7 160.6 290.1 206.9 Feb 224.1 390.4 106.1 116.9 197.6 Mar 190.4 200.0 106.4 196.5 191.0 Apr 148.3 66.5 108.6 132.9 99.5 May 208.9 304.0 261.9 176.5 98.9 Jun 278.9 167.5 311.1 271.7 71.2 Jul 337.7 146.6 368.8 335.8 97.0 Aug 378.4 391.4 412.0 208.6 128.5 Sep 236.4 226.6 271.6 333.4 176.2 Oct 273.2 132.8 271.8 366.6 207.6 Nov 314.2 456.9 304.8 274.4 285.5

Dec 436.7 626.2 351.5 382.4 204.8 Total 3322.7 3444.6 3035.1 3085.9 1964.5 Min 148.3 66.5 106.1 116.9 71.2 Max 436.7 626.2 412.0 382.4 285.5 SD 82.21 161.18 107.73 89.91 63.93 Ave 276.9 287.1 252.9 257.2 163.7

Figure 8. Monthly rainfall based on CNCM3 model for 2020s and 2050s periods in Bukidnon Province

Table 8. Change anomalies of rainfall in Bukidnon Province based on CNCM3 model A1B A2 Month 2020 2050 2020 2050 Jan 13.6 -45.7 -1.8 -30.0 Feb 74.2 -52.6 -47.8 -11.8 Mar 5.0 -44.1 3.2 0.3 Apr -55.1 -26.8 -10.4 -32.9 May 45.5 25.4 -15.5 -52.7 Jun -39.9 11.5 -2.6 -74.5 Jul -56.6 9.2 -0.5 -71.3 Aug 3.4 8.9 -44.9 -66.0 Sep -4.2 14.9 41.0 -25.5 Oct -51.4 -0.5 34.2 -24.0 Nov 45.4 -3.0 -12.7 -9.1 Dec 43.4 -19.5 -12.4 -53.1 Total 3.7 -8.7 -7.1 -40.9

G. Natural Hazards

68. In addition to the vulnerability of the watershed to landslides and as mentioned above, extreme weather event experienced within the Muleta River Watershed was the cold front and typhoons Sendong and Pablo in the year 2011 and 2012. The occurrence of typhoons results to flooding in some part of the Watershed specifically at Purok 3, Brgy. Malinao, Kadingilan, Brgy. Cabadiangan, Don Carlos, and Sitio Lumagwas, Brgy. Adtuyon, Pangantucan, all in Bukidnon.

69. In general, the country experiences an average of 20 typhoons and most of which pass through Visayas and Luzon every year. Situated close to what could be the southernmost rim of the Philippine typhoon belt, the province received 11 typhoon hits over a 20-year period (Table 9). The floods of 2009 and 2011 have already provided a tragic illustration of what can happen. While the province is free from the direct effects of tropical cyclone, its weather, particularly manifestation of rainfall may be affected by tropical cyclones passing close to the northeastern tip of Mindanao (UN-HABITAT and WFP, 2013).

Table 9. Total Annual Number of Typhoons in the Area Tropical Period Durations Year Cyclone Begin Date End Date (days) 1991 TS Bebeng 4/23/91 4/26/87 4 1993 TD Bining 4/12/93 4/13/93 2 1993 TY Toyang 12/24/93 12/29/93 6 1996 TD Toyang 11/4/96 11/13/96 10 2002 TD Caloy 3/20/02 3/23/02 4 2003 TD Zigzag 12/24/03 12/27/03 4 2004 TD Pablo 9/15/04 9/17/04 3 2007 TY Lando 11/19/07 11/28/07 10 2008 TS Ambo 4/14/08 4/15/2008 2 2008 TD Rolly 11/8/08 11/09/2008 2 2008 TD Tonyo 11/13/08 11/16/2008 4 2011 TY Sendong 12/15/11 Source: WWF-BPI Business Risk Assessment as cited by UN-HABITAT, 2013

H. Biological Environment

1. Flora and Fauna

70. Portion of Mt. Kalatungan range is part of Muleta River watershed in which its headwater emanates. This forested mountain range is habitat of various plant species and wild animals. The whole area is still rich in biodiversity that includes plants, reptiles, amphibians, and birds. Table 10 shows the summary of flora and fauna in the area.

Table 10. Summary of Flora and Fauna within the Muleta Watershed Flora No. of Species

Tress and Arborescent 173 Herbs and Herbaceous 115 Shrubs and Bushes 37 Vines and Scandent 35 Ferns 17

Flora No. of Species

Palms 12 Subtotal 389 Fauna No. of Species Mammals 7 Birds 67 Amphibians and Reptiles 16 Subtotal 90 Total 479 Source: Berkman Systems, Inc. (EIS Pulangi Hydroelectric Power Plant) (As cited in Lower Pulangi Watershed Management Area of the Rio Grande de Mindanao River Basin Management Framework Plan, 2014

71. Biodiversity in the area is being monitored by the PASU Kalatungan through the Biodiversity Monitoring System (BMS). Bantay Lasang was deployed to monitor the area and for law enforcement specifically in the apprehending unregulated hunting of wildlife and unauthorized cutting of trees. The honorarium of the Bantay Lasang is shouldered by the PASU with a counterpart from the LGUs within the PA.

72. To monitor the Mt. Kalatungan Range Natural Park, PASU Kalatungan conducted a quarterly BMS which includes Focus Group Discussion among the community adjacent to the park to identify issues within the park. Based on the result of FGD, major treats of Mt. Kalatungan as unique natural attraction are the wildlife hunting and extraction of flora like Nito (Small rattan), Abaca, Anibong, Banag for commercial, food, roofing and medicine purposes.

73. The proposed road access rehabilitation subproject is about 10 km away from the Muleta Watershed Forest Reserve and about 40 km away from Mount Kalatungan Range Buffer Zone. Based on the field validation conducted on February 10, 2017 by the LGU proponent, PPMO, RPCO and NPCO technical staff together with its consultant, there are no trees at the easement and right of way and no endangered and critically endangered species of fauna within the proposed road rehabilitation project. Again, the proposed road access will not traverse any structure and there are no houses within the road network that are affected, no trees will be cut during clearing operation.

I. Socio-Economic Conditions

1. Population

74. The municipality of Kitaotao has a total population of 50,422 of which 52% are males or 26,219 and 48% or 24,208 are females. Barangay Bobong has a total population of 631 or 1.25% of the total population of the municipality; 343 are males or 54% and 46% or 288 are females and with a total of 126 household. Table 11 shows the projected population per age group from 2016 to 2019.

Table 11. Projected Population Age Group, Brgy. Bobong 2016 2017 2018 2019 Age Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

0-4 49 40 89 48 44 92 50 47 97 54 48 102

5-9 44 42 86 42 46 88 43 49 92 46 50 96

10-14 48 29 77 44 33 77 48 34 82 50 36 86

15-19 35 30 65 32 31 63 34 31 65 35 33 68

20-24 30 21 51 27 22 49 28 22 50 29 24 53

25-29 23 16 39 23 17 40 23 18 41 23 19 42

30-34 23 17 40 22 17 39 23 17 40 23 18 41

35-39 18 14 32 18 25 43 18 27 45 18 28 46

40-44 13 17 30 14 16 30 14 16 30 14 16 30

45-49 20 18 38 19 19 38 20 20 40 21 21 42

50-54 10 12 22 10 13 23 10 13 23 10 13 23

55-59 11 8 19 13 6 19 13 6 19 13 6 19 60 19 24 43 19 23 42 20 24 44 21 25 46 Above Source: 2016 BDP Brgy. Bobong

2. Population Density

75. The population density refers to the number of population over the total land area of the barangay to express the number of hectares per person. With the population of 631 in 2016 and land area of 1,597 hectares, the overall population density of Barangay Bobong is 0.40 people per hectare. Table below shows the projected population density.

Table 12. Projected Population Density of Barangay Bobong Year Land Area (ha) Population Population Density 2016 1,597 631 0.40 2017 643 0.40 2018 668 0.42 2019 694 0.43

3. Indigenous Peoples and People’s Organization

76. Barangay Bobong is currently classified as within the forestland and agricultural production areas and does not fall within any ancestral domain claim. It is part of an Integrated Social Forest (ISF) program of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). The beneficiary of the said program, which has been engaged under the NRM subprojects of INREMP, is the Bobong Watershed Farmers Association, Inc. (BWFAI). The BWFAI, based on INREMP’s community mapping, has an area coverage of 343 ha. A resolution of support or endorsement has been issued by the said PO for the rehabilitation of the Bobong Access Road. Based on its profile, 5.13% of its members belong to the Manobo Tribe.

77. Out of the 631 residents of Brgy. Bobong, 208 individuals (113 male and 95 female) or 33% of the total population of the barangay belong to the Manobo tribe. Currently, as per NCIP data, the subproject site is not covered by any ancestral domain claim. A Certificate of No-Overlap has already been requested from the NCIP and currently, on process.

78. A separate IP Plan is being prepared for this subproject.

4. Education

79. Due to the geographic location and considerable number of school age population, the Bobong Elementary School has been established at the barangay proper catering school children from its four (4) puroks/sitios. There is also a day care center for pre-school children.

80. For the secondary education, some children proceed to high school at the nearest school located at Masimag, Municipality of Don Carlos since it is more accessible, around 16 km away, from the barangay. Other students attend secondary school at Kitaotao National High School which is located at Poblacion, Kitaotao, about 9 km crossing the Muleta River.

81. Table 13 shows the projected school age population from primary to tertiary in Barangay Bobong from 2016 to 2019.

Table 13. School Age Population Projection in Barangay Bobong 2016 2017 2018 2019 Age Group M F T M F T M F T M F T Primary (6-10) 46 35 81 44 38 82 46 40 86 50 40 90 Intermediate (11-12) 17 13 30 15 15 30 16 16 32 16 18 34 Total Elementary 63 48 111 59 53 112 62 56 118 66 58 124 High School (13-16) 34 23 57 31 24 55 33 24 57 34 25 59 Tertiary (17-21) 34 27 61 32 28 60 34 28 62 35 30 65 Total school age 131 98 229 122 105 229 129 108 237 135 113 248 population Source: 2016 BDP Brgy. Bobong

5. Health and Sanitation

82. The effectiveness and efficiency of the delivery of public health services are dependent on the availability and quality of both the related facilities and service providers. The barangay people have access to basic health services from health providers of the municipality through the attendance of one (1) doctor, one (1) nurse, one (1) dentist and one (1) medical technologist. These personnel will attain health services only when there is a referral coming from the Rural Health Midwife assigned in the barangay. One (1) Rural Health Midwife assigned in the area renders services to the entire populace of the barangay such as treatment of simple medical conditions, nutrition, immunization and well- baby, pre- natal care and PP care, deliveries and family planning, sanitary health care, emergency treatment and health education.

83. The Barangay Health Center (BHC) is located at Barangay Bershiba which also serves Barangay Bobong being simply a catchment area of Barangay Bershiba’s BHC. The midwife will visit her catchment barangay three times a week to render health services.

6. Housing

84. Magnitudes of factors constitute the housing problem in the barangay and the most crucial ones include the increasing housing demand and housing affordability. The housing problem can be viewed as a manifestation of the diminishing abilities of the families to raise resources for the acquisition of decent housing. At present, the barangay allocated a 1 ha lot for the provision of residential houses for the low-income families of the barangay through the assistance of the provincial government.

85. Due to lack of access to decent affordable housing, poor residents are forced to live in makeshift dwellings. Observations revealed that relocation or the provision of residential lots or housing units for the poor segment of population has not been successful because of low financial affordability level. The average proportion of 27% or 35 households are living in informal settlements or makeshift houses.

7. Income and Expenditure

86. Barangay Bobong has a total tax revenue of Php 1,537,827.61 in 2015 which is derived from the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA), share on real property tax, business tax, share on community tax, clearance & certification fee, miscellaneous income and grants and donations. Table 14 and 15 show the three (3) year comparative tax revenues and expenditures in Barangay Bobong.

Table 14. Three Year Comparative Tax Revenue of Barangay Bobong Sources 2013 2014 2015 Tax Revenue IRA 834,225.00 1,083,303.00 1,235,577.00 Share Real Property Tax 4,363.35 1,450.00 5,428.57 Business Tax 50.00 200.00 400.00 Shares com. Tax 9,099.50 2,942.50 Clearance & Certification Fee 13,630.00 6,665.00 6,550.00 Miscellaneous Income 1,970.00 706.00 1,766.00 Grants & Donations 15,000.00 252,000.00 145,000.00 Total 1,133,267.29 1,454,455.59 1,537,827.61 Source: Budget Office, 2015

87. Thus, Barangay Bobong at present is IRA dependent. Without this allotment, the barangay could not implement any PPAs intended for them. Evaluating the tax revenues including the IRA against the expenditures of the barangay, it was observed that tax revenues could not contribute any significant amount or budget for the rehabilitation of Bobong access road. This is the one of the main reasons why the LGU, PO and residents of the barangay are very supportive for the implementation of the INREMP RI subproject. Please see Appendix 3 for Barangay Bobong’s Resolution of Support.

Table 15. Three Years Comparative Expenditures of Barangay Bobong Programs/Projects/Activities 2013 2014 2015 Day Care Services 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,000.00

Health and Nutrition Services 12,024.11 14,900.00 17,400.00 Peace & Order Services 32,900.00 34,000.00 34,000.00 Administrative& Legislative 607,196.48 848,694.05 1,010,517.41 Services 20% Development Fund 190,000.00 223,053.00 241,000.00 SK Fund 100,289.00 91,295.00 116,758.00 BRRMF 100,350.00 73,000.00 Total 944,409.41 1,314,292.05 1,494,675.41 Source/Year: Budget Office 2015

88. On the part of the municipality of Kitaotao, the total revenue collected in the year 2016 is Php 194,251,063.51, which is composed of local tax revenues, non-tax revenues, special education tax and internal revenue allotment. Tables 16 and 17 show the four (4) year comparative income and expenditures in the municipality of Kitaotao from 2013 to 2016. Due to the interest of the LGU to avail of the INREMP fund for the Brgy. Bobong access road rehabilitation, the Local Finance Committee has appropriated in its Supplemental Budget Php 3,200,000.00 representing 20% project counterpart.

Table 16. Four (4) Year Comparative Income of the Municipality of Kitaotao Income Generated 2013 2014 2015 2016 Local Tax Revenue 1,291,905.92 1,541,073.61 1,761,131.84 2,382,710.46 Non-Tax Revenue 2,462,028.98 7,093,384.95 1,728,427.08 5,312,901.93 Special Education Tax 450,000.00 741,765.32 637,811.34 576,623.12 Internal Revenue 131,371,273.00 148,618,479.00 168,819,652.00 185,978,828.00 Allotment TOTAL 135,575,207.90 157,994,702.88 172,947,022.26 194,251,063.51

Table 17. Four Year Comparative Expenditures of the Municipality of Kitaotao Programs/Projects/Activ 2016 2013 2014 2015 ities Personnel Services 50,571,566.66 51,665,879.02 48,398,906.04 73,289,706.86 MOOE 21,636,559.06 35,363,028.36 39,168,940.88 34,958,852.88 Capital Outlay 1,893,178.20 4,724,551.85 2,226,996.00 1,440,469.40 SPA 12,348,000.54 22,969,864.45 29,417,058.25 18,540,694.60 20% 10,305,953.53 19,431,819.51 16,830,213.58 46,912,519.74 5% 2,839,456.50 4,146,272.00 3,950,121.97 3,310,598.21 Total 99,594,714.49 138,301,415.10 139,992,236.72 178,452,841.69

8. Tourism

89. In the municipality of Kitaotao there are undeveloped tourist spots, the Kipilas Fall in barangay Kipilas, the mountain resort in Barangay Lorega, the Basak Cave in barangay Sinuda and the quarry cave in barangay Poblacion, in barangay Bobong at present there is

29 no existing and potential tourist spot. The nearest identified tourism destination from Bobong is about 14 km away, which is the Quarry Cave located at Barangay Poblacion.

9. Commerce and Industry

90. The only commercial establishments present within the barangay are the sari-sari stores. Most of the household needs of the barangay populace are sourced out from the adjacent municipality of Don Carlos.

10. Electricity

91. The power source in the barangay is generated by the National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP) and distributed by the First Bukidnon Electric Cooperative (FIBECO). At present 95 households or 75% of the total households is using electricity, and the remaining households are using kerosene as a light source.

11. Communication

92. In the municipality, there are two (2) cell site towers installed and operated by Smart and Globe, one (1) radio station and a Post Office. In Barangay Bobong, only mobile phones are used as means of communication. Internet services are not yet available within the barangay.

12. Road and Transportation

93. The existing access road to be rehabilitated under INREMP was made in 1970s by the Provincial Government of Bukidnon. However, the barangay has no records or reports regarding damaged crops, involuntary resettlements, land acquisition, encroachment of any residential houses or dwellings and institutional structures or properties during the said road construction.

94. The present mode of transportation to and from the barangay is by means of motorcycles (Habal-Habal). The present road network is from Bobong to Barangay Bershiba where the provincial road is located up to the paved national highway which is also connecting the Municipality of Don Carlos to the Municipality of Kadingilan. The populace of barangay Bobong can reach Poblacion, Kitaotao via Don Carlos municipality with a distance of 25 km. The other alternative route is from Barangay Bobong to Barangay Kauyonan passing through a hilly trail and crossing the Muleta River through a foot bridge. Although this route is only nine (9) km away going to Poblacion Kitaotao, this would require opening and constructing of new access road and not just mere road rehabilitation. This would also entail considerable amount of needed budget and would greatly cover extensive areas which are classified as alienable and disposable areas.

Figure 9. Road Network of Barangay Bobong

V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

95. The IEE, based on the screening of baseline environment and review of proposed civil works, has not identified any major environmental concerns due to proposed rehabilitation of Bobong Access Road given that all the proposed civil works are only asset preservation of existing roadway and are located within existing right of way. There will only be localized short-term impacts during construction activities due to implementation of civil works that will be addressed in the detailed design and through implementation of the mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental management plan. These construction related impacts can be mitigated by 1) the contractors’ work practices, especially those related to the systematized demolition procedure consistent with approved standard safety requirements; 2) cooperation by the local authorities with the contractor in terms of use of public space and utilities; 3) project management’s strict enforcement of the correct construction practices and standards; 4) the incorporation of the mitigation measures

31 identified in the IEE into the bid documents and specifications; and 5) close monitoring of the contractor’s implementation of the required mitigation measures.

96. The potential environmental impacts resulting from implementation of civil works are expected to be minor and likely short-term since the improvement works will not involve widening and alignment adjustments (Table 18). Detailed environmental mitigation measures have been prepared for all the identified impacts and presented in the environmental management plan under Chapter VIII.

Table 18. Assessment of Potential Environmental Impacts

Potential Environmental Impacts or

Values the Subproject construction would likely create:

aring and and aring

cross drains cross

Clearing/Grubbing Cle of Removal Obstruction Excavation/ Structural Excavation Embankment Masonry Stone Roadway Gravelling of RCPC Provision / Cement Portland Pavement Concrete Land surface disturbance – surface scrapping, top soil erosion, and vegetative moderate moderate moderate minor minor minor minor clearing Affects temporal water regime: decrease water quantity and quality and flow regularity or seasonality due to altered minor minor minor minor minor minor minor drainage patterns, water way configuration, sedimentation, turbidity, as well as river flow diversion Altered or impaired hydrology of the immediate area: increase peak and flood minor minor minor minor minor minor minor flows and irregular streamflow Decrease in downstream natural resources’ minor minor minor minor minor minor minor economic and social values/uses Decrease site’s attraction in terms of losing some geological or geomorphological values, particularly those of known local, minor minor minor minor minor minor minor national or international nature conservation importance Vegetation loss affecting rare species habitats, particularly of known local, national none none none none none none none or international nature conservation importance Adverse impact on local and transient fauna species (those species whose range may include the project site), particularly those of none none none none none none none known local, national or international nature conservation importance. Bio-invasion of new strain of pests, weeds none none none none none none none or rare diseases Frequent incurrence and increased intensity none none none none none none none of grassfire Contamination of the immediate and/or broader environment cause by the storage minor minor minor none minor none minor or use of chemicals needed for the construction works Air particulate emissions which may cause atmospheric / environmental pollution impacting on human health and livelihood at minor minor minor minor minor minor minor local or larger scale during construction phase

Potential Environmental Impacts or

Values the Subproject construction would likely create:

aring and and aring

cross drains cross

Clearing/Grubbing Cle of Removal Obstruction Excavation/ Structural Excavation Embankment Masonry Stone Roadway Gravelling of RCPC Provision / Cement Portland Pavement Concrete Excessive solid waste accumulation during minor minor minor minor minor minor minor infrastructure construction Increase in noise and/or vibration during minor minor minor minor minor minor minor construction Unnatural lighting effects that may impact upon flora and fauna, or deplete the sense none none none none none none none of naturalness of the area Natural landscape fragmentation and none none none none none none none discontinuity Adverse impact on land use and the amenity values of adjacent or downstream areas (including the integrity of agricultural minor minor minor minor minor minor minor land, or other industry that the local community may depend on) Adverse impact on existing or potential recreational value and quality of known minor minor minor minor minor minor minor traditional experience associated to site natural setting Adverse impact or alter on-sites’ visual value and its surrounding area -from minor minor minor minor minor minor minor different vantage points Rating: None= No adverse impact; Minor= slight negative impact and momentary; Moderate=severe negative impact with duration more than a year or permanent with far reaching spatial range

97. During operation, the project is expected to benefit the environment and socio- economic conditions of the subproject areas through increased delivery of agricultural products, increased tourism, improved access and economic development, reduced dust due to asset preservation, improved road safety due to installation of safety signs, and others.

98. Environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures during subproject pre- construction, construction and operation phases are described under Chapter VIII. Detailed environmental mitigation measures have been prepared for all the identified impacts and presented in the environmental management plan.

A. Pre-Construction

1. Confirmation of no required resettlement, relocations, and compensation

99. This will be undertaken prior to the commencement of any civil works. The proponent shall conduct consultation meetings with directly affected barangay and concerned PO’s and IP’s and information awareness campaign regarding subproject location.

2. Identification and prioritization of road section where re-gravelling, gravelling and concreting will be done

100. Identification and prioritization of road sections will be give information and participation of the community, particularly women and marginalized sectors. A subproject site validation will be facilitated to ensure that the INREMP validation process on subproject implementation is being complied with and hold consultative meetings with balanced representation of men and women and affected persons on the subproject components and management plan.

3. Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work

101. The detailed engineering designs and programs of work for the subproject have been prepared by the LGU for the completion of the proposed upgraded access road. The detailed designs shall include the identification of spill management prevention and emergency response plans for all construction sites, locate aggregate borrow pits and rock supply areas away from human settlements with fencing and access barriers, and specific plan to notify and provide them schedule to minimize disruption to normal commercial and residential activities.

102. The LGU with assistance from Technical Assistance-Project Management Implementation Consultant (TA-PMIC) will ensure that relevant provisions of the EMP in terms of implementation of environmental mitigation measures, monitoring activities, supervision and reporting are included for civil works and construction supervision.

4. Recruitment of workers

103. The potential impact of the subproject will be hiring of skilled local workers and other unskilled jobs. A robust “local first” hiring policy will be designed and be implemented in coordination with local officials and community leaders especially at the barangay and municipal levels. The Contractor will be required to follow the “local first” hiring policy.

B. Construction

1. Construction materials acquisition, transport access, and storage system

104. The contractors will source construction materials under their own arrangements. Uncontrolled sourcing of such materials could lead to environmental impacts such as the loss of topsoil or the disfigurements of the landscape from borrow pits. Earthen embankments and material stockpiles will be susceptible to erosion, particularly during the rains and re-suspension of dust during the dry seasons.

105. Local roads will be damaged during transportation of borrow materials and by the construction equipment. In order to reduce impact on all borrow sites, contractors will water the local roads close to the settlements used by the borrow trucks. As much as possible, contractors will not make use of productive agricultural land. In case this is unavoidable, the contractor will obtain consent from the land owner and will restore the site to its original condition after completion of civil works.

2. Clearing and removal of obstructions

106. The contractors will initiate clearing and removal of obstructions on the existing road that would result to damaged landscape. The contractors will not use or permit the use of wood as a fuel for the execution of any part of the works. The contractor will be required to minimize damage and cutting of surrounding vegetation during slope formation, and prevent erosion and protect the cut slope with temporary or permanent drainage as soon as practicable after cutting. If new erosion occurs accidentally, back fill immediately to restore original contours.

3. Soil erosion

107. Soil erosion and unstable side slopes susceptible to landslides are noticed along subproject road. The impact of soil erosion and unstable side slope are increased run off and sedimentation causing a greater flood hazard to the downstream, loss of topsoil affects the growth of vegetation that causes ecological imbalances, and development of unsightly cuts and fills that have been riddled by uncontrolled erosion and gullying. Construction activities in high slope areas should be taken up only during dry season.

108. During operation, silt load in the river is expected to be minor due to slope protection structures installed. The contractor will also be required to make additional measures to minimize erosion and landslides during construction phase such as 1) minimize damage and cutting of surrounding vegetation during slope formation, 2) prevent erosion and protect the cut slope with temporary drainage as soon as practicable after cutting, and 3) If new erosion occurs accidentally, back fill immediately to restore original contours.

4. Ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road

109. During ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road, the potential impacts would be minor and short-termed to the terrestrial and aquatic resources as well as to the quality of surface water in the river. The contractor is expected to do the following: 1) The construction site should be located away from forested or plantation areas, 2) All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled away from forested and plantation areas, 3) No waste of any kind is to be discarded on land or in forests/plantations, 4) Erosion channels must be built around aggregate stockpile areas to contain rain-induced erosion, 5) Earthworks should be conducted during dry periods, 6) No waste of any kind is to be thrown in surface waters, 7) No washing or repair of machinery near surface waters, 8) Pit latrines to be located away from surface waters, 9) No unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses, 10) No aggregate mining from rivers or lakes, and 11) Minimize the use of heavy equipment at steep slopes.

5. Civil works (Concrete Pavement)

110. Since the subproject will mainly involve concrete pavement (with no road widening and realignments), main impacts on land during construction are from air pollution, land and water contamination, and traffic and access problems. The contractor will apply stated mitigating measures during concrete pavement and stone masonry activities such as 1)

35 piling of aggregates at sites should be used/or removed promptly, or covered and placed in non-traffic areas, and 2) all spills should be cleaned immediately and handled as per hazardous waste management plan, and according to government regulations.

6. Implementation of noise and dust control measure

111. During construction, air quality is likely to be degraded by exhaust emissions from the operation of construction equipment, and dust generated from haul roads, unpaved roads, exposed soils and material stock piles.

112. In order to mitigate these, the following will be implemented: 1) Regularly apply wetting agents to exposed soil and construction roads, 2) Cover or keep moist all stockpiles of construction aggregates, and all truckloads of aggregates, 3) Minimize the time for excavations and exposed soil are left open or exposed, 4) Backfill immediately after work is completed, 5) Restrict working time between 7:00 am and 5:00 pm, 6) Maintain equipment in proper working condition, 7) Replace unnecessarily noisy vehicles and machinery, 8) Vehicles and machinery to be turned off when not in use, and 9) Construct temporary noise barriers around excessively noisy activity areas if possible.

7. Dust and noise from borrow pits

113. Noise and dust may be generated from borrow pits. The contractor will ensure the following mitigating measures: 1) Provision of noise control measures to comply with national standards, watering of the earth roads close to the settlements, use covered truck, 2) Secure appropriate environmental permits, 3) The borrow and material dumping sites must be access controlled to keep away unauthorized entry of people, grazing cattle and any other stray animals, and 4) Protective gear like ear plugs will be provided to operating personnel if they are exposed to noise levels beyond threshold limits.

8. Implementation of spoil management and control measure

114. The contractor will ensure that there will be no contamination of land and surface waters from excavated spoils, and construction wastes. The uncontaminated spoils will be disposed of in municipal or provincial designated sites, which must never be in or adjacent surface water. On the other hand, suspicious contaminated soil will be tested, and disposed of in designated sites identified as per government regulations.

9. Solid and liquid construction waste management system

115. Solid and liquide construction waste management system will be facilitated to avoid contamination of land and surface water from the construction wastes. The management of general solid and liquid wastes of construction will follow government regulations to include covering, collecting, handling, transporting, recycling, and disposing waste created from construction activities and the work force. A schedule of solid and liquid waste pickup and disposal will be established and followed to ensure construction sites are as clean as possible. All solid wastes will be separated and recyclables be donated to the barangay. There will be no site-specific landfills established by the contractors. All solid waste will be collected and removed from the work camps and dispose in local waste disposal sites.

10. Water quality

116. The subproject has potential impacts on water quality due to washing of equipment (i.e. vehicles and concrete mixers), and leakage and spills from discharge from worker camps to the water resources. To mitigate, there should be a 1) set up proper and adequate sanitary facilities, 2) ensure strict observance of proper waste handling and disposal and proper sanitation including by the contractors and its workers, 3) provide wastewater treatment facility (e.g., septic tank), and 4) trucks and other vehicle maintenance should be strictly controlled to prevent the discharge of waste into the river system. Wastewater from the construction works containing high concentration of suspended solids should be treated through sedimentation tanks. 5) The discharge of cement-laden water and slurry during concrete mixing may contaminate water resources and damage productive land in the surrounding areas. To mitigate possible effects of cement-laden water and slurry, the Contractor shall i) collect and retain all the concrete washout water and solids in leak proof containers, so that this does not reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, ii) recycle the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or iii) use of a washout pit made with a plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade.

11. Construction drainage system

117. The contractor shall construct drainage systems to facilitate drainage and rain water natural channels. The contractor will also provide adequate short-term drainage away from construction sites to prevent ponding and flooding.

12. Workers health, safety and hygiene

118. Construction sites are likely to have public health impacts. Contractors will ensure that no untreated wastewater is discharged in the river and that no site-specific landfills will be established at the construction camps. There will be a potential for diseases to be transmitted, exacerbated by inadequate health and safety practices. The contractor will therefore be required to recruit or designate a health and safety officer to address such concerns in the work sites and liaise/work with the nearby communities.

119. Mitigation measures include: 1) proper fencing, protective barriers, and buffer zones should be provided around all construction sites, 2) sufficient signage and information disclosure, and supervisors and night guards should be placed, 3) worker and public safety guidelines should be followed, 4) provide adequate sanitation and waste disposal at construction sites, 5) the contractor will not hire children and pregnant women, 6) standing water suitable for disease vector breeding should be filled in, 7) worker education and awareness seminars for construction hazards should be given at the beginning of the construction phase. A construction site safety program should be developed and distributed to workers, 8) appropriate safety clothing, footwear, gloves, hard hats, eye protection and other PPE should be mandatory for all construction workers, 9) adequate medical services must be on site or nearby all construction site, 10) drinking water must be provided at all construction sites, 11) sufficient lighting be used during necessary night work, and 12) all construction sites should be examined daily to ensure unsafe conditions are removed.

13. Traffic safety and management

120. Throughout the construction period, the contractor should ensure that affected people are provided adequate and safe access to properties (structures, land, etc.). During construction, the contractor is responsible for ensuring that all construction vehicles observe speed limits on the construction sites and to provide adequate signage, barriers, and flag persons for traffic control. Sign postings such as ‘men working’, ‘Keep left/right’, ‘construction ahead’, and ‘speed limit’, should be used for traffic management and road safety. As much as possible, road works will be confined to one half of the road width at each section to provide access to pedestrian and vehicles during construction works.

14. Ecological environment (Flora and Fauna)

121. Rehabilitation work will directly cause minor degradation of the local ecology through the clearance of small areas of vegetation at major work sites. A short-term impact on ecology along the rehabilitated road is likely to occur in worksites during the construction period due to minor vegetation clearance. Vegetative cover stripped from the locations described above will be kept for slope protection.

122. Meanwhile, the potential impacts from construction worker camps are poaching of edible animals and birds of the locality in spite of prohibitions. The contractors’ will be responsible for providing adequate knowledge to the workers regarding the protection of fauna. In short, all workers will be prohibited from hunting wild animals.

15. Damaged to properties

123. Another potential impact during construction is damaged to properties (structures, irrigation, farmland) and access roads due to civil works, transport of materials and other project-related activities. To address this impact, the contractor will immediately repair and/or compensate for any damage that it causes to properties (houses, farmlands, aquaculture ponds, irrigation canals, and others), community facilities such as water supply, power supply, communication facilities and the like. Access roads used for transport of construction materials and other construction-related activities will be maintained by the Contractor in at least in their pre-project condition for the duration of construction.

16. Concrete washout

124. The discharge of cement-laden water and slurry during concrete mixing may contaminate water resources and damage productive land in the surrounding areas. To mitigate possible effects of cement-laden water and slurry, the Contractor shall 1) collect and retain all the concrete washout water and solids in leak proof containers, so that this does not reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, 2) recycle the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or 3) use of a washout pit made with a plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade.

17. Use of hazardous substances

125. Storage and use of fuel, lubricant and other toxic and hazardous chemicals will have potential impacts on soil surface and groundwater contamination. To address this impact, vehicle maintenance and refueling will be confined to areas in construction sites designed (with concrete flooring, drainage leading to oil and water separator, etc.) to contain spilled lubricants and fuels. Spill waste will be disposed to sites approved by the concerned government agency and following national regulations. Adequate precaution will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/ hazardous substances contamination of channel beds. Spillage if any will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces. All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat emergency situations such as fire, spills, etc. in compliance with all the applicable statutory stipulation. The personnel in-charge of these sites will be properly trained and these areas will be access controlled and entry will be allowed only under authorization. Hazardous wastes will be collected, stored, transported and disposed consistent with national regulations to ensure that these will not cause pollution of surrounding areas.

18. Public safety

126. `Some of the mitigation measures that should be implemented are as follows: To mitigate this impact, the following should be addressed by the Contractor: 1) installation of sturdy fencing around excavation areas and construction sites, 2) provision of proper signage and lighting at night at the periphery of the construction site to warn and direct traffic and pedestrians, 3) deployment of security personnel in hazardous areas to restrict public access, 4) imposition of speed limits for construction vehicles along residential areas and where there are other sensitive receptors, and 5) orientation of drivers on safe driving practices to minimize accidents and to prevent spill of hazardous substances and other construction materials during transport.

C. Operation and Maintenance Phase

1. Operation of upgraded access road

127. The rehabilitation of Bobong Access road will have potentials impacts both positive and negative to the area. The negative impacts will directly involve the increased risk of accident or injury, air pollution and noise, and unplanned urbanization. However, the positive impacts will mainly focus on increased delivery of agricultural products, provide access to natural resources management project sites, and open for tourism businesses. To mitigate these impacts, the LGU of Kitaotao and other concerned agencies shall initiate and implement the following: 1) set speed limit when passing through populated area, 2) provide appropriate warning signs and lighting, 3) regular removal of debris, logs and other materials along drainage canals to avoid clogging, 4) regular vegetation control along run-off area to ensure free flow, 5) ensure that existing environmental management policies are effectively implemented and proper coordination involves different agencies, 6) adherence to land use and zoning regulations, and 7) promote tourism in the area through advertisement from the local and nationwide venue.

VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION

A. Stakeholder Consultations

128. The IEE process included stakeholder participation and consultation to help LGUs achieve public acceptance of the Sub-project. A series of consultations of Barangay Bobong and local government unit of Kitaotao confirmed that the rehabilitation of Bobong Access Road is essential for economic development.

129. During these consultations, the proponent with technical assistance of consultant has made presentation of the Sub-project describing the objective of the consultations, project description, proposed civil works, and anticipated environmental impacts and their mitigation measures. The consultations went very well and effective and the discussions were documented. The results of the consultation were positive, with local people considering that the road will bring significant economic benefits to the barangay and increase trade flows. Concerns on the subproject mainly revolved on its construction phase which can be mitigated. No long term negative environmental impact assessed by the participants. Majority of the respondents cited ease of transport as one of the direct benefits of the road; majority of them as well are not anticipating any negative impact of the subproject to the environment. One of the respondents mentioned that the road construction might prevent her from entering or exiting her farm especially during harvest time. It was suggested that the contractor should ensure considerable passage way to and out of the access road’s adjacent farm lots.

130. At the end of the consultation, the MPDC also shared their experience with a project wherein the contractor refused to repair the roads leading to the actual project site. It was suggested that this should be included in the contract and bidding documents. The summary of stakeholders’ views is indicated in Table 19. The full length of the consultations including the individuals who participated during the IEE Public Consultation is found in Appendix 2.

131. Significantly, the public consultations conducted on June 5, 2017 and August 8, 2018 ensured the attendance and participation of the members of the Council of Elders and the PO members. The importance of having a ritual before the actual road rehabilitation operation will start was stressed. Furthermore, they manifested that no significant cultural heritage or burial ground will be affected by the rehabilitation.

132. With the involvement of the PO BWFAI, IP, and LGU in the sub-project activities of INREMP particularly in the implementation of rural infrastructure support facilities, they dedicated time and effort in participating with orientation, consultation, planning and training activities. Indeed, a municipal resolution was crafted affirming the interest of the local government unit to apply, negotiate, avail financing grant from the INREMP of the DENR thru the municipal development fund office, and undertake other acts necessary for the effective implementation of Rehabilitation of Bobong Access Road (Appendices 3 and 6).

Table 19. Summary of Stakeholder Views of the Rehabilitation of Bobong Access Road Date: August 8, 2017 Venue: Brgy. Hall, Brgy. Bobong Kitaotao, Bukidnon No. of Participants: 78 Group represented: local residents, IP leader, barangay official, MPDO; RPCO staff; Consultant Key Issue Responses Benefits from the road rehabilitation The following are the responses of the participants when asked what expressed by on-site and off-site benefits they’re expecting to gain from the subproject: stakeholders  Easy access of basic services from local and national agencies to all residents in the barangay.

 Easy access in transporting farm produce to market.

 Reduce travel time fare cost

Pre- construction phase issues  No issues were identified in this phase. However, the IP Mandatory Representative emphasized the need to have a ritual and to observe ordinances of the barangay.

The contractor may accidentally spill  The barangay LGU will monitor the proper disposal and storage of diesel and used oils in refueling their wastes by the contract. An agreement must be done between LGU heavy equipment. and the contractor to put up signages for proper liquid waste disposal and provide containers for diesel and used oil.

Increase in suspended dust particles  wet areas of dust sources along vehicle rout, cover cargoes with along unpaved roads, obnoxious gas and tarpaulin sheets or equivalent covering particulate emissions

Improper disposal of sanitary and solid  provision of toilet facilities to workers, provision of trash bins for waste from the workers’ bunk house proper segregation and disposal of biodegradables from non- biodegradables

increase in suspended dust particulates,  ensure compliance of equipment to manufacturers’ maintenance obnoxious gas and particulate emissions requirements and to government emission standards and increased noise levels during grading and excavation work Obstruction of public access through roads  Provide access thru the site by proper scheduling of grading and during grading operation and excavation excavation works works loud noise of trucks and equipment in the  The contractor will avoid night-time construction works community especially at night causing disturbance at night time. Construction workers roaming around  The Barangay has an ordinance pertaining to curfew hour at 10:00 during night time. PM.

Presence of trees along the construction  The LGU has finalized a design that ensured that there will be no site cutting of trees.

Presence of Ancestral Domain  The Barangay Bobong is not part of an Ancestral Domain but it is an Integrated Social Forest (ISF) Initiated by DENR.

Operation and Maintenance Phase obstruction of run-off along drainage  regular removal of debris, logs and other materials along drainage canals causing run-off overflow leading canals to avoid clogging to erosion of the road Over speeding of all vehicles Passing by  The Barangay will pass an ordinance pertaining to speed limit in the in residential areas barangay.

Over loaded of truck haulers passing  The Barangay will pass an ordinance pertaining to load limit. through the access road Wild life habitat affected  The IPs and Non-IPs living in the area will give safeguards to the

wild life habitat. impact mitigation measures  Aside from the anticipated issues and its corresponding mitigations/ responses mentioned on the previous table, the TA-PMIC also identified potential issues and mitigation measures that the subproject might face. These issues and measures are all captured on the Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan of Kitaotao, Bukidnon.

B. Information Disclosure

133. After study completion, the IEE documenting the mitigation measures and consultation process will be submitted to ADB for posting on their website, DENR-FMB, the Municipality of Kitaotao and BLGU of Bobong, the Provincial Environmental and Natural Resource Officer, and DENR regional office, which will make them available to the public. More informal and vigorous level of disclosure and consultation will be done during implementation through:

• The preparation and dissemination of a brochure in local languages, explaining the affected peoples’ entitlements and the procedures for obtaining compensation for temporary disturbances, trees, crops, and land for construction camps and recording grievances; and

• Setting up a formal grievance redress committee with a representation from the affected people. Field consultant in association with the Contractor will be responsible for managing the effective grievance redress program .

VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

134. The Local Government Unit of Kitaotao together with the INREMP (DENR) personnel conducted the consultations with the IPs and Non-IPs benefiting the sub-project. However, possible issues, concern or grievances arising from the communities in relation to the subproject implementation have always been considered. Thus, the LGU and the INREMP personnel (DENR) set up a grievance redress mechanism to provide venues in resolving grievances at the beneficiaries of the subproject, to resolve whatever problems arising in the subproject area.

135. Since, the community consultations were conducted smoothly and no adverse or violent reactions have been noted, there are only minor grievances that are anticipated which may arise due to the project implementation, which are listed below:

 Road accessibility related grievances – This may include complaints from communities using the roads under repair or construction due to temporary obstruction, which may cause delay in travel time and other inconveniences of the travelling public.

 Construction related grievances – Community members may demand to be hired as part of the labor force in the project

construction/implementation. This may also include complaints of community members regarding noise, drainage, and etc.

 Indigenous Peoples related grievances – may come from IPs residing within the influence areas concerned with potential effects to ecological and social resources of their area/abode.

136. If in case grievance will arise, there are existing groups in the area which can be tapped to form a grievance committee such as; the barangay development council with its Lupon Committee, the IP Chieftain and the Barangay IP Mandatory Representative, which also takes care of resolving grievances that may arise in the community.

137. A subproject-specific grievance redress mechanism will be established at the PPCO to receive, evaluate and facilitate the complaints/grievances of affected persons on the subproject’s environmental performance. This mechanism will be disclosed to the host communities before start of civil works.

138. The grievance redress committee (GRC) will be chaired by the Provincial Project Management Offices (PPCO) head. Members will include the following: (i) designated GRM officer of PPCO, (ii) contractor’s highest official at the site such as the Construction Manager or the Construction Superintendent; and (iii) barangay chairperson. For the quick filing of complaints, the GRC will use the attached grievance intake form (Appendix 7). The PPCO's GRM officer will be responsible for registration of grievances and communication with the aggrieved party.

139. The steps to be followed in filing complaints and the procedures for redress are the following:

(i) complainant will provide the background and file the complaint verbally or in writing to the PPCO, and the PPCO's GRM officer will assist the complainant in filling-up the grievance intake form; (ii) within 2 working days, the GRM Officer, contractor’s representative, and complainant will discuss if the complaint can be resolved without calling for a GRC meeting; (iii) within 3 days of lodging the complaint, the PPCO's GRM officer will provide the complainant a written feedback on the process, steps and timeframe for resolving the complaint. (iv) if the complaint cannot be resolved, a GRC meeting with the complainant will be called within 5 working days; (v) the GRC will have 15 working days to resolve the complaint; (vi) the complainant will receive feedback from the PPCO's GRM officer within 5 working days after the various steps of the GRM are completed; and (vii) if unsatisfied with the decision, the existence of the GRC will not impede the complainant's access to the Government's judicial, administrative remedies or through concerned government agencies (e.g., Community Environment and Natural Resources Office and Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office of DENR, Regional offices of the Environmental Management Bureau,

etc.)

140. The GRC will receive, follow-up and prepare monthly reports regarding all complaints, disputes or questions received about the Project and corresponding actions taken to resolve the issues. These reports will be included in the semi-annual environmental monitoring reports to be submitted to ADB.

IP-Related Grievances

141. Giving primacy to the traditional conflict resolution system, grievances will be handled following the procedure outlined below. In resolving disputes among the indigenous peoples, the determination or decision is usually reached through dialogue and consensus. There may be several conflict resolution sessions according to the specific tribe’s customary laws before the dispute may be resolve. Thus, there is no clear definite timeline on when the conflict or dispute should be settled at the level of the clan and the Council of Elders.

a. Dispute/grievance will be resolved first among the members of the clan; b. If the said grievance/dispute cannot be resolved at the clan level, this will be brought to the level of the Council of Elders (COE); and c. If still unresolved at the COE level, the said dispute/grievance will be submitted to the NCIP Regional Hearing Officer (RHO), for resolution, where the decision will be final and executory.

142. The contact person for all disputes concerning IPs will be the Tribal Chieftain of Barangay Bobong, Datu L. Aboy, and the barangay’s IPMR, Datu Mario A. Sulatan. They could only be contacted through the Barangay Chairman’s contact number as indicated above.

VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Implementation Arrangements

143. Institutions responsible for executing and monitoring the implementation of the EMP are presented in Table 20.

Table 20. Responsibilities for EMP Implementation Agency Responsibilities LGU of Kitaotao Bukidnon • Executing agency with overall responsibility for project construction and operation • Ensure that sufficient funds are available to properly implement the EMP • Ensure that Project implementation complies with Government environmental policies and regulations • Ensure that the Project, regardless of financing source, complies with the provisions of the EMP and ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 • Obtain necessary environmental approval(s) from the Environmental Management Bureau and/or other concerned government agencies prior to commencement of civil works • Ensure that tender and contract documents for design, supervision and civil works include the relevant EMP requirements • Establish an environmental grievance redress mechanism, as described in the IEE, to receive and facilitate resolution of affected peoples' concerns

Agency Responsibilities • Submit semi-annual monitoring reports on EMP implementation to ADB.

Existing ADB Project Management • Project management office with direct responsibility for the implementation Office of civil works, engineering designs and project coordination. • Ensure that EMP design measures are incorporated in the detailed design • Ensure that EMP provisions are strictly implemented and monitored during various project phases (design/pre-construction, construction and operation) to mitigate environmental impacts to acceptable levels • Include relevant provisions of the EMP in the bid and contract documents for design, civil works and supervision.

PPMO and WMPCO • Closely monitor contractor’s environmental performance and over-all implementation of the EMP • Prepare semi-annual environmental monitoring reports on status of EMP implementation for submission to ADB • Based on the results of EMP monitoring, identify environmental corrective actions and prepare a corrective action plan, as necessary, for submission to ADB • Responsible for coordinating with EMB, Local Government Units (LGU), and other concerned agencies related to environmental aspects for maintaining project`s compliance with environmental permits. TA - PMIC and NPCO • . Engage environment specialists who will undertake supervision and monitoring of EMP implementation and contractor’s environmental performance • As part of day-to-day project supervision, closely supervise and monitor the contractor’s implementation of mitigation measures specified in the EMP • Assist PMU and WMPCO in preparing semi-annual environmental monitoring reports on status of EMP implementation. Such report will include results of ambient environmental monitoring to be conducted by the contractors.

Contractors • Recruit qualified environmental and safety officer to ensure compliance with environmental statutory requirements, contractual obligations and EMP provisions • Provide sufficient funding and human resources for proper and timely implementation of required mitigation and monitoring measures in the EMP • Implement additional environmental mitigation measures, as necessary, to avoid, minimize and/or compensate for adverse impacts due to construction works and related activities performed by the contractor. EMB - DENR • Review and approve environmental assessment reports required by the Government • Undertake monitoring of the project’s environmental performance based on their mandate ADB • Conduct periodic site visits to assess status of EMP implementation and over-all environmental performance of the Project • Review environmental monitoring reports submitted by the executing agency to ensure that adverse impacts and risks are properly addressed • Publicly disclose through posting on ADB’s website environmental monitoring reports, corrective action plans, new or updated IEE (if any) prepared by the executing agency during project implementation

B. Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan

144. Table 21 presents environmental mitigation measures to address anticipated adverse impacts of the Sub-project. The EMP also shows responsibilities for implementation of mitigation measures and corresponding supervision and monitoring.

Table 21. Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates Impacts Implementation Monitor Pre-Construction Phase Confirmation of no No negative  Conducted Consultation meetings required resettlement, environmental with barangay officials and relocations, and impacts concerned POs’ officers and LGU of WMPCO members compensation Kitaotao PPMO  Conducted information awareness campaign regarding subproject location Identification and Lack of information Subproject sites validation with prioritization of road and/or low following conditions: section where re- participation of the  ensure that the INREMP gravelling, gravelling, community, validation process on subproject and concreting will be particularly women implementation is being complied LGU of WMPCO done and marginalized with Kitaotao PPMO  hold consultative meetings with sectors balanced representation of men and women and affected persons on the subproject components and management plan Preparation of detailed Minimize negative Work with LGU RI Engineer for the engineering designs and environmental completion of the proposed programs of work for the impacts upgraded access road detailed designs and to ensure the following subproject measures are included:  identification of spill management prevention and emergency response plans for all construction sites; LGU of WMPCO  locate aggregate borrow pits and Kitaotao PPMO rock supply areas away from human settlements with fencing and access barriers;  for local residents: include specific plan to notify and provide them schedule to minimize disruption to normal commercial and residential activities Recruitment of workers Gender  Hire local workers as much as LGU of discrimination and possible, and give equal privilege Kitaotao / for women to get involved in Contractor tendency to recruit WMPCO outsiders selected tasks appropriate for them PPMO Construction Phase Construction materials Pollution, injury,  Procure construction Contractor LGU of Part of the acquisition, transport interrupted usual materials from sources with Kitaotao / contractor’ access, and storage road use, disrupted valid environmental WMPCO s contract system access, noise clearances, i.e. for sand, PPMO gravel and timber from those with valid DENR-MGB/EMB permits.  All borrow pits and quarries should be approved by Municipal Engineering Division.  Select pits and quarries in areas with low gradient and as close as possible to construction the sites.  Required aggregate volumes must be carefully calculated

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates Impacts prior to extraction to prevent wastage.  Pits and quarries should not be located near surface waters, forested areas, critical habitat for wildlife, or cultural objects and landmarks.  If aggregate quarrying from fluvial environments is required small streams and rivers should be used, and dry alluvial plains preferred.  All topsoil and overburden removed should be stockpiled for later restoration.  All borrow pits and quarries should have a fence perimeter with signage to keep public away.  After use pits and quarries should be dewatered and permanent fences installed with signage to keep public out, and restored as much as possible using original overburden and topsoil.  Unstable slope conditions in/adjacent to the quarry or pit caused by the extractions should be rectified with tree planting.  Define & schedule how materials are extracted from borrow pits and rock quarries, transported, and handled & stored at sites.  Define and schedule how fabricated materials such as steel, wood structures, and scaffolding will be transported and handled.  All aggregate loads on trucks should be covered. Clearing and removal of Damage landscape  Restrict vegetation removal to Contractor LGU of Part of the obstructions within RoWs. Kitaotao / contractor’  In case, no trees will be removed WMPCO s contract without prior approval of PPMO concerned government agency.  The contractor will not use or permit the use of wood as a fuel for the execution of any part of the works, including but not limited to the extent practicable shall ensure that fuels other than wood are used for cooking.  Within RoWs, minimize land cover removals, and install protective physical barriers around trees.  All RoWs to be re-vegetated and landscaped after construction completed.  Consult PENRO/CENRO to determine the most successful restoration strategy and techniques. Soil erosion High suspended  Berms, and plastic sheet Contractor LGU of Part of the solid contents of fencing should be placed Kitaotao / contractor’ river, around all excavations and WMPCO s contract sedimentation. earthwork areas. PPMO  Earthworks should be conducted during dry periods.

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates Impacts  Maintain a stockpile of topsoil for immediate site restoration following backfilling.  Protect exposed or cut slopes with planted vegetation and have a slope stabilization protocol ready.  Re-vegetate all soil exposure areas immediately after work is completed.  minimize damage and cutting of surrounding vegetation during slope formation,  prevent erosion and protect the cut slope with temporary drainage as soon as practicable after cutting, and  If new erosion occurs accidentally, back fill immediately to restore original contours. Ground surface leveling Degradation of  All construction sites should be Contractor LGU of Part of the and gravelling of terrestrial and located away from forested or Kitaotao / contractor’ existing road aquatic resources, plantation areas as much as WMPCO s contract and decreased possible. PPMO water quality  All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled away from forested and plantation areas.  No waste of any kind is to be discarded on land or in forests/plantations.  Erosion channels must be built around aggregate stockpile areas to contain rain-induced erosion.  Earthworks should be conducted during dry periods.  All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled with extra care away from surface waters.  No waste of any kind is to be thrown in surface waters.  No washing or repair of machinery near surface waters.  Pit latrines to be located away from surface waters.  No unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses.  No aggregate mining from rivers or lakes.  Minimize the use of heavy equipment at steep slopes. Civil works (Concrete Air pollution, land  All construction sites should be Contractor LGU of Part of the Pavement) and water located away from forested or Kitaotao / contractor’ contamination, and plantation areas as much as WMPCO s contract traffic & access possible. PPMO problems,  All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled away from forested and plantation areas.  No waste of any kind is to be discarded on land or in forests/plantations.  Protective berms, plastic sheet fencing, or silt curtains should be placed between all earthworks and nearby surface waters.  Erosion channels must be built around aggregate stockpile

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates Impacts areas to contain rain-induced erosion.  Earthworks should be conducted during dry periods.  All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled with extra care away from surface waters.  No waste of any kind is to be thrown in surface waters.  No washing or repair of machinery near surface waters.  Pit latrines to be located away from surface waters.  No unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses.  No aggregate mining from rivers or lakes.

Implementation of noise Noise, Dust, Air  Regularly apply wetting agents Contractor LGU of Part of the and dust control Pollution to exposed soil and construction Kitaotao / contractor’ measure roads. WMPCO s contract  Cover or keep moist all PPMO stockpiles of construction aggregates, and all truckloads of aggregates.  Minimize the time for excavations and exposed soil are left open or exposed. Backfill immediately after work is completed.  As much as possible, restrict working time between 07:00 and 17:00, in particular, activities such as pile driving, etc.  Maintain equipment in proper working condition  Replace unnecessarily noisy vehicles and machinery.  Vehicles and machinery to be turned off when not in use.  Construct temporary noise barriers. Dust and noise from Noise, Dust  provision of noise control Contractor LGU of Part of the borrow pits measures to comply with Kitaotao / contractor’ national standards, watering of WMPCO s contract the earth roads close to the PPMO settlements, use covered truck,  secure appropriate environmental permits,  the borrow and material dumping sites must be access controlled to keep away unauthorized entry of people, grazing cattle and any other stray animals, and  protective gear like ear plugs will be provided to operating personnel if they are exposed to noise levels beyond threshold limits. Implementation of spoil Contamination of  Uncontaminated spoil to be Contractor LGU of Part of the management and land and surface disposed of in government – Kitaotao / contractor’ control measure waters from designated sites, which must WMPCO s contract excavated spoil, never be in or adjacent surface PPMO and construction waters. Designated sites must be waste clearly marked and identified.  Spoil must not be disposed of on sloped land, near cultural property or values, ecologically

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates Impacts important areas, or on/near any other socially or ecologically sensitive feature.  Where possible spoil should be used at other construction sites, or disposed in spent quarries or borrow pits.  A record of type, estimated volume, and source of disposed spoil must be recorded.  Uncontaminated spoil to be disposed of in government – designated sites, which must never be in or adjacent surface waters. Designated sites must be clearly marked and identified.  Spoil must not be disposed of on sloped land, near cultural property or values, ecologically important areas, or on/near any other socially or ecologically sensitive feature.  Where possible spoil should be used at other construction sites, or disposed in spent quarries or borrow pits.  A record of type, estimated volume, and source of disposed spoil must be recorded.  Contaminated spoil disposal must follow government regulations including handling, transport, treatment (if necessary), and disposal.  Suspected contaminated soil must be tested, and disposed of in designated sites identified as per government regulations.  Before treatment or disposal contaminated spoil must be covered with plastic and isolated from all human activity. Solid and liquid Contamination of  Management of general solid and Contractor LGU of Part of the construction waste land and surface liquid waste of construction will Kitaotao / contractor’ management system waters from follow government regulations to WMPCO s contract construction waste include covering, collecting, PPMO handling, transporting, recycling, and disposing waste created from construction activities and the work force.  Disposal areas for solid and liquid waste must be determined by the government.  Disposal of waste should be catalogued for type, estimated weigh, and source.  Construction sites should have large garbage bins.  A schedule of solid and liquid waste pickup and disposal must be established and followed that ensures construction sites are as clean as possible.  Solid waste should be separated and recyclables be sold to buyers in the community.

Hazardous Waste  Collection, storage, transport, and disposal of hazardous waste such as used oils, gasoline, paint, and other toxics must follow

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates Impacts government regulations.  Wastes should be separated (e.g., hydrocarbons, batteries, paints, organic solvents)  Wastes must be stored above ground in closed, well labeled, ventilated plastic bins in good condition, away from construction activity areas, all surface water, water supplies, and cultural and ecological sensitive receptors.  All spills must be cleaned up completely with all contaminated soil removed and handled with by contaminated spoil sub-plan. Construction drainage Loss of drainage  Provide adequate short-term Contractor LGU of Part of the system and rain water drainage away from construction Kitaotao / contractor’ natural channels sites to prevent ponding and WMPCO s contract flooding. PPMO  Prevent borrow pits and quarries to be filled with water. Pump periodically to infiltration areas or nearby water courses.  Install temporary storm drains or ditches for construction sites  Ensure connections among surface waters (ponds, streams) are maintained or enhanced to sustain existing storm water storage capacity.  Protect surface waters from silt and eroded soil. Water quality Water and soil  Set up proper and adequate Contractor  SPMU Part of the sanitary facilities, PPMO Contractor’  Ensure strict observance of s contract proper waste handling and disposal and proper sanitation including by the contractors and its workers,  Provide wastewater treatment facility (e.g., septic tank), and  Trucks and other vehicle maintenance should be strictly controlled to prevent the discharge of waste into the river system. Wastewater from the construction works containing high concentration of suspended solids should be treated through sedimentation tanks.  The discharge of cement-laden water and slurry during concrete mixing may contaminate water resources and damage productive land in the surrounding areas. To mitigate possible effects of cement-laden water and slurry, the Contractor shall 1) collect and retain all the concrete washout water and solids in leak proof containers, so that this does not reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, 2) recycle the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or 3) use of a washout pit made with a plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade. Implement construction Loss of drainage  Provide adequate short-term Contractor  SPMU Part of the drainage system and rain water drainage away from construction  PPMO Contractor’

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates naturalImpacts channels sites to prevent ponding and s contract flooding.  Prevent borrow pits and quarries to be filled with water. Pump periodically to infiltration areas or nearby water courses.  Install temporary storm drains or ditches for construction sites  Ensure connections among surface waters (ponds, streams) are maintained or enhanced to sustain existing storm water storage capacity.  Protect surface waters from silt and eroded soil. Workers health, safety Land and people  proper fencing, protective Contractor  SPMU Part of the and hygiene barriers, and buffer zones should  PPMO Contractor’ be provided around all s contract construction sites,  sufficient signage and information disclosure, and supervisors and night guards should be placed,  worker and public safety guidelines should be followed,  provide adequate sanitation and waste disposal at construction sites,  the contractor will not hire children and pregnant women,  standing water suitable for disease vector breeding should be filled in,  worker education and awareness seminars for construction hazards should be given at the beginning of the construction phase. A construction site safety program should be developed and distributed to workers,  appropriate safety clothing, footwear, gloves, hard hats, eye protection and other PPE should be mandatory for all construction workers,  adequate medical services must be on site or nearby all construction site,  drinking water must be provided at all construction sites,  sufficient lighting be used during necessary night work, and  all construction sites should be examined daily to ensure unsafe conditions are removed. Traffic safety and Road accidents Throughout the construction period, Contractor LGU of Part of the management the contractor should ensure that Kitaotao / contractor’ affected people are provided WMPCO s contract adequate and safe access to PPMO properties (structures, land, etc.). All construction vehicles observe speed limits on the construction sites and to provide adequate signage, barriers, and flag persons for traffic control. Sign postings such as ‘men working’, ‘Keep left/right’, ‘construction ahead’, and ‘speed limit’, should be used for traffic management and road safety. As much as possible, road works will be confined to one half of the road width at each section to provide access to pedestrian and vehicles during construction works.

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates Ecological environment MinorImpacts vegetation  Construction vehicles will operate Contractor LGU of Part of the (Flora and Fauna) loss within the corridor of impact to Kitaotao / contractor’ avoid damaging soil and WMPCO s contract vegetation. PPMO  Avoid soil compaction around trees. Generally the rule will be to avoid driving heavy equipment or trucks anywhere into the 'drip- line' of a tree.  In case, no trees will be removed without prior approval of concerned government agency.  The contractor will not use or permit the use of wood as a fuel for the execution of any part of the works.  No work camps will be located in ecologically sensitive sites such as protected and conservation areas, or densely vegetated site.  Workers shall be prohibited from hunting/trapping wildlife. Damaged to properties Land The contractor will immediately Contractor  SPMU Part of the repair and/or compensate for any  PPMO Contractor’ damage that it causes to properties s contract (houses, farmlands, aquaculture ponds, irrigation canals, and others), community facilities such as water supply, power supply, communication facilities and the like. Access roads used for transport of construction materials and other construction-related activities will be maintained by the Contractor in at least in their pre-project condition for the duration of construction. Concrete washout Soil and water The Contractor shall 1) collect and Contractor  SPMU Part of the contamination retain all the concrete washout water  PPMO Contractor’ and solids in leak proof containers, s contract so that this does not reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, 2) recycle the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or 3) use of a washout pit made with a plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade. Use of Hazardous People, land and Vehicle maintenance and refueling Contractor  SPMU Part of the Substances water will be confined to areas in  PPMO Contractor’ construction sites designed (with s contract concrete flooring, drainage leading to oil and water separator, etc.) to contain spilled lubricants and fuels. Spill waste will be disposed to sites approved by the concerned government agency and following national regulations. Adequate precaution will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/ hazardous substances contamination of channel beds. Spillage if any will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces. All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat emergency situations such as fire, spills, etc. in compliance with all the applicable statutory stipulation. The personnel in-charge of these sites will be properly trained and these areas will be access controlled and

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates Impacts entry will be allowed only under authorization. Hazardous wastes will be collected, stored, transported and disposed consistent with national regulations to ensure that these will not cause pollution of surrounding areas. Public safety People  installation of sturdy fencing around excavation areas and construction sites,  provision of proper signage and lighting at night at the periphery of the construction site to warn and direct traffic and pedestrians,  deployment of security personnel in hazardous areas to restrict public access,  imposition of speed limits for construction vehicles along residential areas and where there are other sensitive receptors, and  orientation of drivers on safe driving practices to minimize accidents and to prevent spill of hazardous substances and other construction materials during transport. Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Phase Operation of upgraded Increased risk of  Set speed limit when passing LGU of WMPCO Part of the access road accident or injury, through populated area Kitaotao PPMO proponents air pollution and  Provide appropriate warning signs DENR obligation noise. and lighting  Regular removal of debris, logs Obstruction of run- and other materials along off along drainage drainage canals to avoid clogging canals causing run-  Regular vegetation control along off overflow leading run-off area to ensure free flow to erosion of the  Ensure that existing environmental management road policies are effectively implemented and proper Exploitation of coordination involves different natural resources agencies. in the area  Adherence to land use and zoning regulations Unplanned  Promote tourism in the area urbanization through advertisement from the local and nationwide venue.

Increased delivery of agricultural products

Tourism

C. Environmental Monitoring

145. Table 22 presents the environmental monitoring activities to be undertaken during various project phases. Monitoring of the contractor’s environmental performance in terms of implementation of mitigation measures during construction phases shall be undertaken by the community at the barangay level, and SSE. The ESS shall be assisted by TA-PMIC in preparing semi-annual environmental monitoring reports. Such report will be submitted by the proponent to ADB and will be publicly disclosed on ADB’s website. The monitoring

54 reports shall describe in detail the status of EMP implementation and compliance issues as well as corrective actions, if any.

146. The ESS during project implementation will be required organize a community level environmental monitoring. Prior to commencement of site works, the ESS and SSS shall undertake consultations with affected residents, barangay and/or officials to encourage them to participate in the community level environmental monitoring program. The locals shall be allowed to freely participate during the environmental monitoring to be conducted by the LGU together with SSS and ESS. The SSE, ESS and WMPCO shall provide orientation on how to undertake monitoring using the Environmental Monitoring Framework shown below:

COMMUNITY LEVEL CONSTRUCTION MONITORING FORM Sub-project Name: Location: Reporting Period: Impact/ Mitigation Measures Compliance Comment on Reasons for Partial or Non- Attained (Yes, No, Compliance or Partial) 1 2 3 Recommendation/s: Signature: Date:

Table 22. Environmental Monitoring Plan Activities Location Means of Frequency of Responsible Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Unit Cost Pre-Construction Sitting of subproject Final location of Original field work, Once SPMU, INREMP (proper location and the subproject literature survey, WMPCO, Project Cost alignment community PPMO with consultations SSS and ESS Inclusiveness of Final location of Field work, Once SPMU, INREMP community the subproject community WMPCO, Project Cost participation (% consultations PPMO with indigenous peoples, SSS and ESS women and other marginalized sector attending) Compliance with Final location of Site inspection Monthly SPMU, INREMP mitigation measures the subproject WMPCO, Project Cost set out in the PPMO with Environmental SSS and ESS Mitigation Plan Construction Nuisance caused by Final  Visual Daily monitoring SPMU, INREMP construction activities location of observations to through observations WMPCO, Project Cost (dust particulates, the assess impacts at construction site. PPMO, NCIP noise level, traffic subproject on air quality with SSS and (dust emission) congestion) ESS  Interviews with communities (noise, project- related complaints)

Water contamination Final Visual Monitoring to be done SPMU, INREMP Project (presence of grease, location of observations to during excavation WMPCO, Cost

55 amount of suspended the assess impacts works especially after PPMO, NCIP solids, BOD load) subproject on surface heavy rains with SSE and water quality ESS (evidence of siltation from construction activities)

Compliance with Final Site inspection Monthly SPMU, INREMP Project mitigation location of WMPCO, Cost measures set out the PPMO, NCIP in the subproject with SSE and Environmental ESS Mitigation Plan Operation and Maintenance of Upgraded Road Traffic accidents Upgraded Regular Continuously SPMU, INREMP Project road record WMPCO, Cost keeping PPMO Incidence of flooding Adjacent to Surveys, Seasonal for 5 SPMU, INREMP Project upgraded public years WMPCO, Cost road complaints PPMO Overall compliance to Proponent Continuously SPMU, INREMP Project O&M responsibilities and LGU, WMPCO, Cost Regular mitigation measures as WMPCO, PPMO, NCIP record set out in the PPMO with keeping. Environmental Mitigation SSE and Plan ESS

147. The NPCO shall submit the following environmental reporting documentation to ADB:

1. Environmental Monitoring Reports: Semi-annual environmental monitoring reports will be submitted by NPCO to ADB. The report, which will be prepared by ESS with assistance for TA-PMIC, will provide the following information: i. Background/Context of the monitoring report (adequate information on the project, including physical implementation progress of project activities, scope of monitoring report, reporting period, and the monitoring requirements including frequency of submission as agreed upon); ii. Compliance with applicable government laws, regulations and requirements; iii. Changes in project scope and adjusted safeguard measures, if applicable; iv. Monitoring parameters/indicators and methods based on the monitoring plan/program in the EMP; v. Monitoring results compared against the objectives of safeguards or desired outcomes documented (e.g. environmental impacts avoided or minimized, etc.); vi. If noncompliance or any major gaps identified, include a corrective action plan; vii. Records on disclosure of monitoring information to affected communities; viii. Summary of environmental mitigations and compensation measures implemented; ix. Identification of key issues, or complaints from affected people, or recommendations for improvement; x. Monitoring adjustment measures recommended based on monitoring experience/trends and stakeholders response;

xi. Information about actual institutional arrangement for implementing the monitoring program/plan provided or adjusted, as may be required; xii. Proposed items of focus for the next report and due date.

2. Project Completion Report: One (1) year after completion of the construction, the NPCO through its ESS shall submit a Project Completion Report which will include the overall environmental performance of the Sub-project.

IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

A. Conclusion

148. The present IEE reviewed the general environmental profile of the subproject, covering about 3.89 km roads and screened them to assess potential impacts. The IEE reveals that no major negative environmental impacts are likely to occur due to the construction activities and normal operations after the proposed rehabilitation. Implementation of appropriate mitigation measures during construction and operation phases will minimize the negative impacts of the Project to acceptable levels. To ensure that these mitigation measures are implemented and negative impacts avoided, the measures will be included in the civil works bid and contract specifications of the Project.

149. Rural infrastructures like roads and water supply projects, arguably are vital structures needed to spur economic development in Bobong Kitaotao, Bukidnon, with full potentials and opportunities owing to its varied development zones and natural resources.

150. The Rehabilitation of Bobong Access Road project for one shall be a crucial infrastructure for uplifting the quality of life of the people by providing an all-year-round easy and affordable access, improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing economic opportunities, and supporting the NRM project activities of the constituents, thus supporting the developing economy of Barangay Bobong, cascading benefits to the entire municipality.

151. Hence, the Project will have overall beneficial impact and will have minor negative impacts that will be carefully monitored and adequately mitigated through implementation of the EMP.

a. Recommendation

152. One of the specific goals of the subproject is to support the NRM activities of POs. However, it is project that it will, in the long run, provide an all-year-round easy and affordable access thereby improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing economic opportunities and conditions and uplifting the quality of life of the residents of Barangay Bobong.

153. The project will have a direct benefit of savings in transportation cost of agricultural and non - agricultural products, savings of passenger transportation expense and increase Net Value Added from the agricultural production as more farmlands will be utilized due to access to market and trade and the corollary increase in agricultural productivity growth

57 because of the availability of appropriate technologies to farmers. In addition, indirect effect will also be experienced especially by people who are near the project site. Some of the indirect benefits is the creation of jobs in the influence areas and improvement of socio- economic conditions of the influence areas, good transportation for all women and children in going to public premises like schools, market and hospitals and increase farm produce.

154. The Proposed rehabilitation of the Bobong Access Road will boost the economic activities of the influence area which is currently experiencing stagnation due mainly to inaccessibility. With the project, socio-economic services will be easier not only for the public sector but also to private and semi-private providers. This will entice the community to gradually eliminate economic activities in the Forest Protection Zone, and instead, concentrating their activities in the Forest Production Zone of the WMA. In this way, the people will become the guardian of the natural resources of the upper slopes of the WMA guaranteeing stable supply of water and other natural resources in the lower portion of the watershed.

Appendix 1. A Copy of the Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC)

Appendix 2. Public Consultation Minutes, Attendance Sheets and Pictures

Republic of the Philippines Province of Bukidnon Municipality of Kitaotao BARANGAY BOBONG -oOo- OFFICE OF THE SANGGUNIANG BARANGAY

Minutes of the Barangay Consultation Public Consultation Brgy. Hall, Brgy. Bobong Kitaotao, Bukidnon August 8, 2017 9:43am

Prayer: Kagawad Camelo

National Anthem: Ailine Feliciano

Welcome Remarks: Barangay Chairman Capablanca

We all know that our road is already damage due to heavy rains and heavily loaded trucks passing especially during harvest time. And now this Barangay consultation will be conducted pertaining to our project, the rehabilitation of Bobong Access Road if we will agree to implement the project.

Engr. Umbal - Out of 12 Barangays only Barangay Bobong benefited the project the Rehabilitation of Bobong Access Road. The road length is 3.386 Km. from box culvert to purok 3, and a foot trail from purok 3 down to Muleta River to our foot bridge. The cost of this project is P15,800,000.00, but there are many documents which are the ADB required for the project and one of them is the Barangay consultation if the populace of this barangay will accept the project. The people wants a road from Barangay Bobong to Barangay Kauyonan but the cost of the bridge that crosses muleta river ranging from P200-P300 million pesos which the LGU has no capability to construct the bridge so the LGU agreed to rehabilitate the Bobong-Bersiba access road.

Engr. Paulma – Engr. PJemuel from CESM will help us in conducting this consultation and he will ask some question pertaining to our road project.

Engr. Jem – Good Morning is there any IP member who is present here? Please raise your hands.

Picture below showing IPs raising their hands.

Engr. Jem – this not new to us it is just a continuation of what we have started pertaining to our road rehabilitation. The ADB want us to ask some question regarding to our project, who are here using our road? Please raise your hand.

In chorus – everybody raises their hand and says all of us.

Engr. Jem - who are others? The LGU, DENR, Businessman, DepEd?

Kag. Clarita Robledo - Visitors.

Barangay Chairman - rubber buyer—Mindanao Rubber, Pioneer—Rubber

Engr. Jem – how about the motorcycles and the jeepney?

In chorus – motorcycles, and government vehicles.

Engr. Jem - is there any benefits we can get if the road be rehabilitated?

Kag. Camilo – transport easily our farm products.

Barangay Chairman – Reduce travel time in going to Poblacion.

Dennis Puwaw - Easily transports our patient in times of emergency, also reduces our transportation cost, and easily transports our farm products to market.

Engr. Jem – is there any negative effect about to our project?

In chorus – there is none sir.

Engr. Jem – there are three stages to construct the road. The Contractor together with the LGU will come and meet the barangay populace and the Council of Elders to discuss the project. What tribe resides within this barangay?

In chorus: Manobo tribes

Engr. Jem (explaining the 7 tribes existing in the province and their respective locations)

Engr. Jem - If both parties will agree the Contractor come and locate areas where to install their camps and machineries then they will hire workers. At this time who among here are interested to work. Please raise your hand.

Everybody raising their hands.

Engr. Jem – It is good that also women raise their hands. The Contractor will not be accepted if the hired less than 30% of women, and the IP member should also be hired in the construction. At this time the Contractor will know the policies of the Barangay and the Council of Elders. The Contractor also hired skilled worker coming from outside the barangay can it be cause trouble from you, what is your opinion?

In chorus - Okay sir no problem.

Engr. Jem - The Contractor will use safe water for drinking can it causes competent to you?

Barangay Chairman – No problem sir if it will not cause trouble.

Engr. Jem – If they used water for pouring where did they get?

In chorus – get water in the creek.

Engr. Jem – The Construction generate waste, is there any barangay ordinance in relation to waste management?

Barangay Chairman - Every Household has its own compose pit and for those non- biodegradables we will put in the sack. Put waste container in the area.

In chorus - Burn if it can be burned.

Engr. Jem - RA 9003 no burning of waste, so the barangay is responsible for the waste generated during the construction. Is the barangay having curfew hour?

Barangay Chairman - We have an ordinance, and we will impose it in the camp site at 10:00PM.

In chorus – Bringing of woman inside the camp is not allowed.

Engr. Jem – In road construction the equipment produces dust during operation can it affect to you? What can you suggest to the contractor?

In chorus – the contractor should pour water to the road constructed.

Engr. Jem – How about the senior citizen, children and the student?

In chorus – They will use mask and also, they will not go near the construction area.

Engr. Jem – during the construction only one lane will be utilized can it cause delay in all your transactions?

Barangay Chairman – They should have an alternative road especially during concreting.

Engr. Jem – During road construction there’s a possibility that excavated soil scattered within the vicinity and water can be affected.

In chorus – It’s okay sir there’s no problem.

Engr. Jem – the project duration is 8 months and there’s a possibility that our project will be delayed due to weather condition and the project will go beyond the schedule can it be acceptable for you?

In chorus – It’s okay no problem.

Engr. Jem – When their equipment operates it produce smoke and it cause air pollution and also noises presence during equipment operation.

In chorus – people in affected areas will use mask and the noises produce are manageable.

Engr. Jem – the fuel and oil used by equipment can also cause pollution what can you suggest?

Francesca Buton – the used oil should be put in the container.

Engr. Jem – what would be the women do in the construction?

In chorus – Construction Checker and other related works.

Engr. Jem – The last stage is what is the effect of transport vehicles that passes after the rehabilitation of the road?

In chorus – they will run faster than before.

Barangay Chairman – we don’t have any ordinance pertaining to speed limit, the barangay will pass an ordinance about speed limit.

Engr. Jem – there’s a possibility that the road will be cracked if big trucks load more than load limit what can you say about it?

Barangay Chairman – Maybe the barangay can pass an ordinance pertaining to load limit.

In chorus – What is the road thickness?

LGU - 8 inches.

In chorus – Maybe the road can resist.

Engr. Jem – can it be not affect IP culture if the road turns into good condition because some people will come into this place?

Mario Sulatan (IP) - It will not affect to our culture sir.

Engr. Jem – Is there any animals or plant remains living in this area?

In chorus – there are few sir like monkey.

Engr. Jem – If the road is already rehabilitated some people will come and hunt down wild animals is there any policies to give safeguard these wild animals?

Mario – the IPs and Non-IPs living in this area will give safeguards to wild life habitat.

Jem – Is barangay Bobong is part of ancestral domain? Or signed in the usufruct contract? Prior to the implementation there should be ritual happened.

Mario – there should be a ritual or “panubad” prior to the implementation.

Engr. Jem – Is there any divine areas that needs for road diversion?

Mario – No sir, there is none.

Engr. Jem – If the implementation will start the ADB will came here and asking you if they conducted consultation in you regarding to our project? Then tell them that not all of you are here during consultation.

The road design is 7 meters in width, 4 meters carriage way 1-meter shoulder on both side and 0.5-meter earth canal and 1 meter in width foot trail. Who among you here says that the project will continue, please raise your hand?

Pictures below shows people raises their hands.

In chorus – continue the project.

Engr. Jem – Who among you here living in the road side from the box culvert down to foot bridge?

Engr. Jem – Is there any of you here affected in land, plants or crops? In Chorus – yes there is gmelina and rubber. Barangay Chairman – in foot trail side sir. Councilor Robledo – there is also pipe line traversing in the road at purok 1. Engr. Umbal – if possible there should be no plant or trees are cut and the contractor will repair the damage pipeline. Engr. Jem – Is the area is a part of Ancestral Domain? Engr. Umali – No sir it is an Integrated Social Forest (ISF) area. Blonde – How much is the wages sir? Engr. Jem – The wages will be known to people that will be hired in the construction. Mr. Mirasol (Site Officer CENRO) – Explaining the NRM project. Closing Remarks – Councilor Oscar Robledo Adjournment: 10:50 AM

Prepared By:

RAYMUNDO G. UMBAL, JR. PDO IV

Public Consultation’s Attendance

Barangay Consultation Pictures

Appendix 3. PO BWFAI Resolution of Support, Attendance and Pictures

Meeting Attendance

PO Meeting Pictorials

Appendix 4. Barangay Bobong Resolution of Support/ Endorsement

Appendix 5.Municipal Council Resolution Affirming Interest to Avail INREMP Fund

Appendix 6. IP Elders’ Minutes of the Meeting and Resolution of Consent (English)

Republic of the Philippines Province of Bukidnon Municipality of Kitaotao BARANGAY BOBONG

The Manobo Tribe of Barangay Bobong, Kitaotao, Bukidnon

OFFICE OF THE COUNCIL OF ELDERS

IP Elders Minutes

Date: June 5, 2017 Place: Barangay Hall Time: 9:00 AM

Agenda: Resolution to give consent of the Manobo Tribes residing in Barangay Bobong regarding the sub-project, the Rehabilitation of Bobong Access road to be Implemented by Integrated Natural Resource and Environment Management Program (INREMP) and the Local Government Unit (LGU) Kitaotao.

IP Mandatory - He is willing to give his consent because not only the Manobo Tribes resides in the barangay but also other who lives in this barangay can benefit this project, the bobong access road.

Tribal Chieftain- Is there any houses be affected within the project site?

Engr. Umbal – There is no structure or houses be affected during the sub-project Implementation.

Tribal Member- we will agree to give consent for the implementation of the project.

IP Mandatory - how about the ritual that the tribal usually did prior to the program.

Romeo Base – the concern persons will do the rituals prior the implementation of the project.

Engr. Umbal – with regards to workforce, the contractor will hire the unskilled workers residing in the barangay and will prioritize the IPs and women.

Remarks – the council of Elders unanimously approved:

Adjournment: 10:30 AM

ADO L. ABOY BEATRIZ S. SULATAN Tribal Chieftain Tribal Secretary

IP Elders Minutes of the Meeting (Visayan)

IP Elders’ Resolution of Consent (English)

The Manobo Tribe of Barangay Bobong, Kitaotao, Bukidnon

OFFICE OF THE COUNCIL OF ELDERS

EXCERPTS FROM THE MINUTES FROM THE COUNCIL OF ELDERS IN BOBONG, KITAOTAO, BUKIDNON HELD ON JUNE 5, 2017.

PRESENT: ADO L. ABOY - TRIBAL CHIEFTAIN ROBERTO P. TACBAO - MEMBER NUMER S. AMPODE - MEMBER JOLITO S. TACBAO - MEMBER VENCIO L. ABOY - MEMBER REBECCA L. ABOY - MEMBER REY A. SULATAN - MEMBER

COUNCIL RESOLUTION NO. 02 Series of 2017

A RESOLUTION GIVE CONSENT FOR INREMP AND ITS PARTNER LGU, KITAOTAO, WHICH WILL INPLEMENT THE PROJECT ON THE “REHABILITATION OF BOBONG ACCESS ROAD” ENDORSING THE PROJECT, REHABILITATION OF BOBONG ACCESS ROAD TO BE FUNDED UNDER THE INTEGRATED NATURAL RESOURCES & ENVIRONMENT PROJECT (INREMP) AND THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT (LGU) OF KITAOTAO

WHEREAS, the Manobo Tribes within the Municipality of Kitaotao, Bukidnon is one of the seven (7) tribes in the Province of Bukidnon.

WHEREAS, the Manobo Tribes residing in Barangay Bobong where the NRM project is being implemented by the Bobong Watershed Farmers Association, Inc. through a Partnership Agreement with the INREMP. The said project and its partner LGU implement the Bobong access road sub-project rehabilitation: however, this requires consent.

NOW THEREFORE, CONSIDERING THE ABOVE PREMESIS, the Manobo Tribes has collectively agreed to give consent for INREMP and its partner LGU-Kitaotao to implement its sub-project called the Rehabilitation of Bobong Access Road for the benefit of all residents of the barangay, to be funded by the INREMP and the LGU.

NOW, WE THE COUNCIL OF ELDERS OF THE MANOBO TRIBES IN THE BARANGAY, WILL SIGN THIS COUNCIL RESOLUTION: BOBONG, KITAOTAO, BUKIDNON THIS 5th DAY OF JUNE IN THE YEAR 2017.

UNANIMOUSLY APPROVED.

IHEREBY CERTIFY to the correctness of the above foregoing

Roberto Tacbao Numer Ampode Member Member

Julito s. Tacbao Beatriz S. Sulatan Member Member

Rebecca J. Aboy Rey A. Sulatan Member Member

Aldo L. Aboy Tribal Chieftain

IP Elders’ Resolution of Consent (Visayan)

IP Elders’ Meeting Attendance

Elders’ Meeting Pictures

Appendix 7. Grievance Intake Form

Name of Project, Subproject and Location

Project (indicate name of project) welcomes complaints, suggestions, comments and queries regarding the project implementation and its stakeholders. We encourage persons with grievance to provide their name and contact information to enable us to get in touch with you for clarification and feedback.

Should you choose to include your personal details but want that information to remain confidential, please inform us by writing/typing "(CONFIDENTIAL)" above your name.

Thank you.

Contact Information

Name Gender □ Male □ Female Home Address Age Phone No. City/Province Email Complaint/Suggestion/Comment/Question Please provide the details (who, what, where and how) of your grievance below:

How do you want us to reach you for feedback or update on your comment/grievance?

Portion to be filled in by PPCO staff (designated Grievance Redress Mechanism Officer): Date received:

Received through: __ In person __ mail __ email __ fax __ phone __ sms

Name of staff who received comment/ complaint Position of staff:

Type of Grievance:

Remarks

Signature of staff

Updates on the case: Date: Update Updated by (Name, Signature and Designation)