Life Sciences Leaflets FREE DOWNLOAD ISSN 2277-4297(Print)0976–1098(Online)

PRESENT POSITION OF FAMILY AND

CERITHIUM CAERULUM SPECIES AT RANGBAI COAST,

PORBANDAR

SHUCHI B*1 AND P.P. DODIA2 Universal Impact 1 DEPARTMENT OF MARINE SCIENCE, Factor0.9285:2012; 1.2210:2013 MAHARAJA KRISHNAKUMARSINHJI BHAVNAGAR Index Copernicus ICV 2011: 5.09 UNIVERSITY, BHAVNAGAR. ICV 2012: 6.42 2 ICV 2013: 15.8 DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY, SIR P.P. INSTITUTE OF ICV 2014:89.16 SCIENCE, MAHARAJA KRISHNAKUMARSINHJI BHAVNAGAR NAAS Rating 2012 : 1.3; UNIVERSITY, BHAVNAGAR. 2013-2014-2015:2.69 SJIF 2012: 3.947, Corresponding author’s e-mail: [email protected] 2013: 4.802 INFOBASE INDEX 2015:4.56 ABSTRACT: COSMOS IMPACT FACTOR The existing study revealed that the present status of Cerithium caerulum 2015: 4.366 along the Rangbai coast of Gujarat. Cerithium caerulum is a dominate

Received on: mollusc species that are found mostly in the intertidal zone. During study th 26 November 2016 period August 2014 to January 2015, it was observed regularly all seasons. Revised on: During study Clypeomrus bifasciata and Rhinoclayis sinesis also found, 28th November 2016 Accepted on: these both species are belonging cerithiidae family. Cerithium caerulum 10th December 2016 was not shown any significant changes with different Temperature and Published on: Salinity.Cerithium caerulum species is herbivorous algal detritus-feeders or 1st January 2017 Volume No. grazers on diatoms and microalgae. Due to low pH also cerithium caerulum Online & Print was dominated than other cerithiidae. During the January pH value was 83 very low may be due to industrial effluent discharges into the seawater. It Page No. 69 to 73 indicates may be cerithium caerulum play a resist role against pollution. Life Sciences Leaflets is an international KEY WORD: Rangbai coast, Current ecology status, Cerithium caerulum. open access print & e journal, peer reviewed, INTRODUCTION: worldwide abstract Marine biodiversity is the array of life in the sea, about variation at levels of listed, published every month with ISSN, RNI complexity from within species to across ecosystems. The coastal zone is Free- membership, also endowed with a very wide range of coastal ecosystems like mangroves, downloads and access. coral reefs, sea grasses, salt marshes, sand dunes, estuaries, lagoons, etc. on

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Life Sciences Leaflets FREE DOWNLOAD ISSN 2277-4297(Print)0976–1098(Online) the sea shore many of the that live inside shells are .they commonly known as a shell fish.the typical mollusk has a soft body,muscular feet. cerithiid fauna is found in the tropical and subtropical area of the Indo-Pacific Marine area. The main object of study is to study the current status of Cerithiid on study site. Temperature, pH, CO2 and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) saturation are among the most important environmental factors controlling the distribution, physiological performance, morphology and behavior of marine invertebrates (Kinne 1970, Portner et al. 2005, Maria Byrne 2 Portner &Knust 2007, Portner 2008, Widdicombe& Spicer 2008, Doney et al. 2009).The leading and largely different Phylum in the tropical seas is Mollusca. In terms of evolution Mollusc is extremely previous. The first mollusc appeared approximately 500 million years ago. Shells are the external skeletons of molluscs, an ancient and diverse phylum of invertebrates that was present in the earliest fossil record of Multicellular life from, over the 500 million years ago. Over 100,000 kinds have been recorded and some estimates of yet to be discovered species exceed a million. In Mollusc phylum found terrestrial as well as water. Cerithidae commonly called horn shells. The shells are tall and elongated with tuberculate surface a large number of whole present. the animals prefer sand flats. They consist about 200 species worldwide with 25 species found in india. The biodiversity of the Indian Ocean region, like most of the Word ‘s marine domain, is poorly known (John and Tennille, 2005). About 80 % of all marine species occur in the coastal zone (Ray, et al., 1999; Arjunan, et al., 2010) and this figure is properly conservative (Reaka-Kudla, 1997). Currently, the World ‘s biodiversity is estimated at 1.75 million species, excluding microbial species (Heywood and Watson, 1996), but Reaka-Kudla (1997) estimates a range from 5 to 120 million. Approximately 300000 marine species are known (Reaka- Kudla, 1997; Gray, 1997). Molluscs, in general, had a tremendous impact on Indian tradition and economy and were popular among common man as ornaments and currency. Cerithium caeruleum is a dominating mollusc species that are fluctuation in physical condition hardly brings any change on their distribution.(Bharatsinh Gohil and Rahul Kundu 2012).The main objective of present work was to study the Less affected by seasonal variations of Cerithium caerulem at the selected site, this study may useful to the ecological aspects of the Intertidal zone of the selected site.it is distribution in East Africa, Arabian Sea, Red Sea The molluscs directly as well as indirectly from economically very important group for human being.

MATERIAL AND METHOD:

STUDY AREA

The present study was carried out on rocky and sandy intertidal belt at Rangbai coast. Between N 21°33‟05.4" E 069°41‟15.4" and N 21°35‟57.7" E 069°41‟26.6". Porbandar also encounters

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Life Sciences Leaflets FREE DOWNLOAD ISSN 2277-4297(Print)0976–1098(Online) thunderstorms because of its closeness to the Arabian Sea.The total length of the sampling site was about 1.25 km.The survey for the study was made from Aug-2014 to january-2015. During the study, selected sites were frequently surveyed at regular interval during the lowest tides.

Surface water samples were collected during period from August 2014 to January 2015 at the time of low tide for the estimation of various physical- chemical parameters. Insitu parameters like temperature and pH were measured immediately after collection of the water sample with the help of the electronic thermometer and portable digital pH meter. Salinity was measured by Refractometer. The quadrate method was used for generating the data on the selected criss-cross direction was followed to cover the maximum exposed area on the intertidal belt. The surveys were made at the lowest tides of the months.Quadratus of 1m2were laid while following an oblique direction covering the maximum area at almost regular occurrence vertically across the complete intertidal area from upper littoral to lower littoral zone for recording.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: DESCRIPTION: Shell colour greyish blue colour with spiral rows of black tubercles. This species usually occurs in large populations intertidal rocky shelf with a thin covering Fig 1 cerithium caerulum species

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Life Sciences Leaflets FREE DOWNLOAD ISSN 2277-4297(Print)0976–1098(Online) of sediment and is frequently mentioned in ecological studies. Yaron(1979:235) and Mastaller (1979:46) recorded it to be common in the upper intertidal zone on beach stones.In a study, this specific species is undertaken for study because of its less effect with seasonal variation, values and salinity.(Fig.2) From August’14 to January’15 density was highest in October3.8 No.of individual/m2 .month while lowest in November2.8 No. of individual/m2. From August to November frequency distribution was similar, but in December month frequency was 90% No. of individual/m2 and January month highest occur 100% No. of individual/m2. Abundance was highest in August month 4.57 No. of individual/m2 and lowest in January month 3.2No. of individual/m2. C.caerulum is belonging to family Cerithiidae. On study site two other Cerithiidae species occur .i.e. C.morus, and C.obliscus. Now cerithium morus name declared as bifasciata and C.obliscus as Rhinoclayissinesis.throught study compared with other two cerithidae species c.cerulum was highest than other species. Quite uniform distribution along the sites around Rangbai coast was observed. On rangbai coast three species belonging to cerithiidae.cerithium caerulum, and Rhinoclayis sinesis.(Fig.3) among all species during study observed. Cerithium caerulum was highest occurred than Clypeomorus bifasciata and Rhinoclayis sinesis. Fig.2 Monthly Population ecology of Fig.3 Family Cerithiidae monthly Data cerithium caerulum

120 Population 100 Cerithiidae species 100 80 Cerithiumcaerulu 80 60 60 Density m 40 40 Cerithiummorus Frequency 20 20 0

0 Abundance Cerithiumobliscus

No.of individual/m2 individual/m2 No.of No.of individual/m2 No.of individual/m2

Fig. 3 Temperature with population ecology Fig no 4: Salinity with population ecology of of cerithiumcaerulum cerithium caerulum.

150 Temperature 150 100 Salinity 50 Density Salinity 100 0 Frequency Density Abundance 50 Abundance

No. of individual/m2 individual/m2 of No. Frequency Temperature 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

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Life Sciences Leaflets FREE DOWNLOAD ISSN 2277-4297(Print)0976–1098(Online)

CONCLUSION: Algal growth was enough quantity. Here we observed other marine diversities like annelids, crustacean etc. On the Rangbai coast, the present status of Cerithium caerulum shows their less significant sensibility to seasonal variation even low pH value. Among three Cerithiidae species were observed, C.caerulum was one of the species. C.caerulum is always highest value than other Cerithiidae species, C.caerulum recorded Irresponsive of seasonal fluctuation C.caerulum.in future, and this species will be helpful to the indicator as environmental issues, even during low pH also Cerithium caerulum was found also observed in highest density than other months. We conclude Cerithium caerulum is indicating less seasonal fluctuation on Rangbai coast.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT I would like to thank for my Guide and friends for the valuable help and guide.

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Antunes, P., Santos, R., (1999). Integrated environmental management of the ocean. Ecological Economy. 31, 215.

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Boero F and Fresi E (1986) Zonation and evolution of a rocky bottom hydroid community. PSZNI: Marine Ecology 7: 123-150.

C. Venkatraman and K. Venkatraman. Diversity of Molluscan Fauna along the Chennai Coast *Reference.

Coleman, J. (1933) The nature of the intertidal zonation of plants and animals. J. Mar.Biol. Assn. U.K., 18: 435-476.

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