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Formal and Informal Networks of Knowledge and Etheldred Benett's
Journal of Literature and Science Volume 8, No. 1 (2015) ISSN 1754-646X Susan Pickford, “Social Authorship, Networks of Knowledge”: 69-85 “I have no pleasure in collecting for myself alone”:1 Social Authorship, Networks of Knowledge and Etheldred Benett’s Catalogue of the Organic Remains of the County of Wiltshire (1831) Susan Pickford As with many other fields of scientific endeavour, the relationship between literature and geology has proved a fruitful arena for research in recent years. Much of this research has focused on the founding decades of the earth sciences in the early- to mid-nineteenth century, with recent articles by Gowan Dawson and Laurence Talairach-Vielmas joining works such as Noah Heringman’s Romantic Rocks, Aesthetic Geology (2003), Ralph O’Connor’s The Earth on Show: Fossils and the Poetics of Popular Science, 1802-1856 (2007), Virginia Zimmerman’s Excavating Victorians (2008) and Adelene Buckland’s Novel Science: Fiction and the Invention of Nineteenth-Century Geology (2013), to explore the rhetorical and narrative strategies of writings in the early earth sciences. It has long been noted that the most institutionally influential early geologists formed a cohort of eager young men who, having no tangible interests in the economic and practical applications of their chosen field, were in a position to develop a passionately Romantic engagement with nature, espousing an apocalyptic rhetoric of catastrophes past and borrowing epic imagery from Milton and Dante (Buckland 9, 14-15). However, as Buckland further notes, this argument – though persuasive as far as it goes – fails to take into account the broad social range of participants in the construction of early geological knowledge. -
The Wyley History of the Geologists' Association in the 50 Years 1958
THE WYLEY HISTORY OF THE GEOLOGISTS’ ASSOCIATION 1958–2008 Leake, Bishop & Howarth ASSOCIATION THE GEOLOGISTS’ OF HISTORY WYLEY THE The Wyley History of the Geologists’ Association in the 50 years 1958–2008 by Bernard Elgey Leake, Arthur Clive Bishop ISBN 978-0900717-71-0 and Richard John Howarth 9 780900 717710 GAHistory_cover_A5red.indd 1 19/08/2013 16:12 The Geologists’ Association, founded in 1858, exists to foster the progress and Bernard Elgey Leake was Professor of Geology (now Emeritus) in the diffusion of the science of Geology. It holds lecture meetings in London and, via University of Glasgow and Honorary Keeper of the Geological Collections in the Local Groups, throughout England and Wales. It conducts field meetings and Hunterian Museum (1974–97) and is now an Honorary Research Fellow in the School publishes Proceedings, the GA Magazine, Field Guides and Circulars regularly. For of Earth and Ocean Sciences in Cardiff University. He joined the GA in 1970, was further information apply to: Treasurer from 1997–2009 and is now an Honorary Life Member. He was the last The Executive Secretary, sole editor of the Journal of the Geological Society (1972–4); Treasurer (1981–5; Geologists’ Association, 1989–1996) and President (1986–8) of the Geological Society and President of the Burlington House, Mineralogical Society (1998–2000). He is a petrologist, geochemist, mineralogist, Piccadilly, a life-long mapper of the geology of Connemara, Ireland and a Fellow of the London W1J 0DU Royal Society of Edinburgh. He has held research Fellowships in the Universities of phone: 020 74349298 Liverpool (1955–7), Western Australia (1985) and Canterbury, NZ (1999) and a e-mail: [email protected] lectureship and Readership at the University of Bristol (1957–74). -
Mary Anning of Lyme Regis: 19Th Century Pioneer in British Palaeontology
Headwaters Volume 26 Article 14 2009 Mary Anning of Lyme Regis: 19th Century Pioneer in British Palaeontology Larry E. Davis College of St. Benedict / St. John's University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.csbsju.edu/headwaters Part of the Geology Commons, and the Paleontology Commons Recommended Citation Davis, Larry E. (2009) "Mary Anning of Lyme Regis: 19th Century Pioneer in British Palaeontology," Headwaters: Vol. 26, 96-126. Available at: https://digitalcommons.csbsju.edu/headwaters/vol26/iss1/14 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@CSB/SJU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Headwaters by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@CSB/SJU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LARRY E. DAVIS Mary Anning of Lyme Regis 19th Century Pioneer in British Palaeontology Ludwig Leichhardt, a 19th century German explorer noted in a letter, “… we had the pleasure of making the acquaintance of the Princess of Palaeontology, Miss Anning. She is a strong, energetic spinster of about 28 years of age, tanned and masculine in expression …” (Aurousseau, 1968). Gideon Mantell, a 19th century British palaeontologist, made a less flattering remark when he wrote in his journal, “… sallied out in quest of Mary An- ning, the geological lioness … we found her in a little dirt shop with hundreds of specimens piled around her in the greatest disorder. She, the presiding Deity, a prim, pedantic vinegar looking female; shred, and rather satirical in her conversation” (Curwin, 1940). Who was Mary Anning, this Princess of Palaeontology and Geological Lioness (Fig. -
Article James Croll – Aman‘Greater Far Than His Work’ Kevin J
Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh,1–20, 2021 Article James Croll – aman‘greater far than his work’ Kevin J. EDWARDS1,2* and Mike ROBINSON3 1 Departments of Geography & Environment and Archaeology, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Elphinstone Road, Aberdeen AB24 3UF, UK. 2 McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research and Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. 3 Royal Scottish Geographical Society, Lord John Murray House, 15–19 North Port, Perth PH1 5LU, UK. *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Popular and scholarly information concerning the life of James Croll has been accumu- lating slowly since the death in 1890 of the self-taught climate change pioneer. The papers in the current volume offer thorough assessments of topics associated with Croll’s work, but this contribution seeks to provide a personal context for an understanding of James Croll the man, as well as James Croll the scho- lar of sciences and religion. Using archival as well as published sources, emphasis is placed upon selected components of his life and some of the less recognised features of his biography.These include his family history, his many homes, his health, participation in learned societies and attitudes to collegiality, finan- cial problems including the failed efforts to secure a larger pension, and friendship. Life delivered a mix- ture of ‘trials and sorrows’, but it seems clear from the affection and respect accorded him that many looked upon James Croll as a ‘man greater far than his work’. KEY WORDS: Croil–Croyle–Croll, family history, friendship, health, homes, income, learned societies, pension. -
Archibald Geikie (1835–1924): a Pioneer Scottish Geologist, Teacher, and Writer
ROCK STARS Archibald Geikie (1835–1924): A Pioneer Scottish Geologist, Teacher, and Writer Rasoul Sorkhabi, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA; [email protected] years later, but there he learned how to write reports. Meanwhile, he read every geology book he could find, including John Playfair’s Illustrations of the Huttonian Theory, Henry de la Beche’s Geological Manual, Charles Lyell’s Principles of Geology, and Hugh Miller’s The Old Red Sandstone. BECOMING A GEOLOGIST In the summer of 1851, while the Great Exhibition in London was attracting so many people, Geikie decided instead to visit the Island of Arran in the Clyde estuary and study its geology, aided by a brief report by Andrew Ramsay of the British Geological Survey. Geikie came back with a report titled “Three weeks in Arran by a young geologist,” published that year in the Edinburgh News. This report impressed Hugh Miller so much that the renowned geologist invited its young author to discuss geology over a cup of tea. Miller became Geikie’s first mentor. In this period, Geikie became acquainted with local scientists and pri- vately studied chemistry, mineralogy, and geology under Scottish naturalists, such as George Wilson, Robert Chambers, John Fleming, James Forbes, and Andrew Ramsay—to whom he con- fessed his desire to join the Geological Survey. In 1853, Geikie visited the islands of Skye and Pabba off the coast Figure 1. Archibald Geikie as a young geolo- of Scotland and reported his observations of rich geology, including gist in Edinburgh. (Photo courtesy of the British Geological Survey, probably taken in finds of Liassic fossils. -
FEBRUARY 5Th, 1875
206 ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING. FEBRUARY 5th, 1875. ROBERT ETHERIDGE, Esq., F.R.S., F.G.S., &c., Vice-President, in the Chair. The following Report was read by the Honorary Secretary :- REPORT OF THE GENERAL COMMITTEE FOR 1874. The General Committee have much pleasure in congratulating the Association upon the results of the past year. A considerable number of new Members have been added to the list, and several of these are already well known throughout the country, by their study and practice of Geological Science. There have been a few losses by death, and, if the number of those who have retired is somewhat more numerous than has been the case of later years, they consisted, with few exceptions, of Members whose interest in the proceedings of the Association was never very ardent. Members elected during 1874 49 Withdrawals 14, Deaths 4 . 18 Increase 31 The Census of the Association on the 1st January, 1875, gave the following results :- Honorary Members 12 Life Members. 42 Old Country Members 28 Other Members 257 339 The lamented death of Professor Phillips, reduces the number of Honorary Members to 12. A short notice of the sad occurrence, which deprived the Association of one amongst the most eminent 206 ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING. of its body, will be found in the forthcoming number of Vol. iv. of the" Proceedings." The financial position of the Association is very satisfactory, and the large number of Members now contributing has yielded a sum which amply provides for an increased expenditure, the benefits of which are shared by all. -
Mary Anning: Princess of Palaeontology and Geological Lioness
The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon Volume 84 Issue 1 Article 8 1-6-2012 Mary Anning: Princess of Palaeontology and Geological Lioness Larry E. Davis College of St. Benedict / St. John's University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.csbsju.edu/compass Part of the Paleontology Commons Recommended Citation Davis, Larry E. (2012) "Mary Anning: Princess of Palaeontology and Geological Lioness," The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon: Vol. 84: Iss. 1, Article 8. Available at: https://digitalcommons.csbsju.edu/compass/vol84/iss1/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@CSB/SJU. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@CSB/SJU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Figure. 1. Portrait of Mary Anning, in oils, probably painted by William Gray in February, 1842, for exhibition at the Royal Academy, but rejected. The portrait includes the fossil cliffs of Lyme Bay in the background. Mary is pointing at an ammonite, with her companion Tray dutifully curled beside the ammonite protecting the find. The portrait eventually became the property of Joseph, Mary‟s brother, and in 1935, was presented to the Geology Department, British Museum, by Mary‟s great-great niece Annette Anning (1876-1938). The portrait is now in the Earth Sciences Library, British Museum of Natural History. A similar portrait in pastels by B.J.M. Donne, hangs in the entry hall of the Geological Society of London. -
James Hutton's Reputation Among Geologists in the Late Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries
The Geological Society of America Memoir 216 Revising the Revisions: James Hutton’s Reputation among Geologists in the Late Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries A. M. Celâl Şengör* İTÜ Avrasya Yerbilimleri Enstitüsü ve Maden Fakültesi, Jeoloji Bölümü, Ayazağa 34469 İstanbul, Turkey ABSTRACT A recent fad in the historiography of geology is to consider the Scottish polymath James Hutton’s Theory of the Earth the last of the “theories of the earth” genre of publications that had begun developing in the seventeenth century and to regard it as something behind the times already in the late eighteenth century and which was subsequently remembered only because some later geologists, particularly Hutton’s countryman Sir Archibald Geikie, found it convenient to represent it as a precursor of the prevailing opinions of the day. By contrast, the available documentation, pub- lished and unpublished, shows that Hutton’s theory was considered as something completely new by his contemporaries, very different from anything that preceded it, whether they agreed with him or not, and that it was widely discussed both in his own country and abroad—from St. Petersburg through Europe to New York. By the end of the third decade in the nineteenth century, many very respectable geologists began seeing in him “the father of modern geology” even before Sir Archibald was born (in 1835). Before long, even popular books on geology and general encyclopedias began spreading the same conviction. A review of the geological literature of the late eighteenth and the nineteenth centuries shows that Hutton was not only remembered, but his ideas were in fact considered part of the current science and discussed accord- ingly. -
Humphry Davy, Mining and the Sublime Landscapes of Cornwall
Journal of Literature and Science Volume 7, No. 1 (2014) ISSN 1754-646XJournal of Literature and Science 7 (2014) Trower, “Primitive Rocks”: 20-40 Shelley Trower, “Primitive Rocks”: 20-40 Primitive Rocks: Humphry Davy, Mining and the Sublime Landscapes of Cornwall Shelley Trower The newly established Geological Society of London, formed in 1807, set out as a primary purpose its ambition to produce a geological map of Britain. The editors of the first issue of the Society’s journal, Transactions of the Geological Society (1811), stated their hope that its members will continue to donate mineral specimens which will lay the foundations of such a map (“Preface” viii). A few years later, in 1814, a similar society was formed in Cornwall which then produced its own journal, Transactions of the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall (1818), the first issue of which echoed the London version of Transactions, though on a smaller scale: “In the construction of a geological map of Cornwall, the Society has made considerable progress, and the Council trust that from the zealous and united exertion of its members, its completion may be confidently anticipated” (“Preface” viii). At this point the president of the London Society, George Bellas Greenough, was about to publish his Geological Map of England and Wales (1819), the result of a cooperative collaboration between the society’s members who sent in rock specimens from various localities throughout much of Britain. What such maps clearly highlighted were regional differences in geology, differences which formed a basis for understanding how particular regions were not only comprised of certain kinds of rocks but also exhibited other properties. -
Sir William Edmond Logan, Father of Canadian Geology: His Passion Was Precision
Sir William Edmond Logan, Father of Canadian Geology: His Passion Was Precision Charles H. Smith, Geological Survey of Canada (retired), Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 5P5, [email protected] illiam Edmond Logan (1798–1875) was a self-taught geologist who entered the geo- Wlogical profession following more than 20 years in accounting and copper-smelter management. His practice of geology arose from a desire to understand the sources of coal and ores. Because eminent British geologists recognized his abilities, he was selected (1842) to establish the Geological Survey of Canada. Logan directed the Survey for over a quarter of a century, and his achievements as a geologist, administrator, and force in Canada’s eco- nomic development gained him national and international renown. Early Years Logan at age 58. From a painting, Logan was born in 1798 in Montreal, the son of a prosperous baker and property by G.T. Berthon, commissioned by owner. Education was a priority for the family; at age 16, Logan was sent to high school in the Canadian Institute. Published Edinburgh, Scotland, where he excelled. At age 18, he enrolled in Edinburgh University, in Zaslow (1975). attending classes in logic, chemistry, and mathematics. Although his academic achieve- ment was high, he left after one year to follow commercial pursuits in London, in the counting house of his uncle, Hart Logan. First Job meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, in Liverpool; the maps came to the attention of Henry De la Beche, From 1817 to 1831, Logan worked diligently in London, devel- director of the Ordinance Geological Survey of Great Britain. -
Meteorite Iron in Egyptian Artefacts
SCIENTISTu u GEO VOLUME 24 NO 3 APRIL 2014 WWW.GEOLSOC.ORG.UK/GEOSCIENTIST The Fellowship Magazine of the Geological Society of London UK / Overseas where sold to individuals: £3.95 READ GEOLSOC BLOG! [geolsoc.wordpress.com] Iron from the sky Meteorite iron in Egyptian artefacts FISH MERCHANT WOMEN GEOLOGISTS BUMS ON SEATS Sir Arthur Smith Woodward, Tales of everyday sexism If universities think fieldwork king of the NHM fishes - an Online Special sells geology, they’re mistaken GEOSCIENTIST CONTENTS 06 22 10 16 FEATURES IN THIS ISSUE... 16 King of the fishes Sir Arthur Smith Woodward should be remembered for more than being caught by the Piltdown Hoax, says Mike Smith REGULARS 05 Welcome Ted Nield has a feeling that some eternal verities have become - unsellable 06 Society news What your Society is doing at home and abroad, in London and the regions 09 Soapbox Jonathan Paul says universities need to beef up their industrial links to attract students ON THE COVER: 21 Letters Geoscientist’s Editor in Chief sets the record straight 10 Iron from the sky 22 Books and arts Four new books reviewed by Catherine Meteoritics and Egyptology, two very different Kenny, Mark Griffin, John Milsom and Jason Harvey disciplines, recently collided in the laboratory, 25 People Geoscientists in the news and on the move write Diane Johnson and Joyce Tyldesley 26 Obituary Duncan George Murchison 1928-2013 27 Calendar Society activities this month ONLINE SPECIALS Tales of a woman geologist Susan Treagus recalls her experiences in the male-dominated groves of -
Miller, Hugh Edinburgh
THE GEOLOGICAL CURATOR VOLUME 10, NO. 7 HUGH MILLER CONTENTS EDITORIAL by Matthew Parkes ............................................................................................................................ 284 THE MUSEUMS OF A LOCAL, NATIONAL AND SUPRANATIONAL HERO: HUGH MILLER’S COLLECTIONS OVER THE DECADES by M.A. Taylor and L.I. Anderson .................................................................................................. 285 Volume 10 Number 7 THE APPEAL CIRCULAR FOR THE PURCHASE OF HUGH MILLER'S COLLECTION, 1858 by M.A. Taylor and L.I. Anderson .................................................................................................. 369 GUIDE TO THE HUGH MILLER COLLECTION IN THE ROYAL SCOTTISH MUSEUM, EDINBURGH, c. 1920 by Benjamin N. Peach, Ramsay H. Traquair, Michael A. Taylor and Lyall I. Anderson .................... 375 THE FIRST KNOWN STEREOPHOTOGRAPHS OF HUGH MILLER'S COTTAGE AND THE BUILDING OF THE HUGH MILLER MONUMENT, CROMARTY, 1859 by M. A. Taylor and A. D. Morrison-Low ..................................................................................... 429 J.G. GOODCHILD'S GUIDE TO THE GEOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS IN THE HUGH MILLER COTTAGE, CROMARTY OF 1902 by J.G. Goodchild, M.A. Taylor and L.I. Anderson ........................................................................ 447 HUGH MILLER AND THE GRAVESTONE, 1843-4 by Sara Stevenson ............................................................................................................................ 455 HUGH MILLER GEOLOGICAL CURATORS’