DOCSLIB.ORG

TREATING INFERTILITY with CHINESE MEDICINE by Cindy Micleu, L.Ac

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
TREATING INFERTILITY with CHINESE MEDICINE by Cindy Micleu, L.Ac TREATING INFERTILITY WITH CHINESE MEDICINE By Cindy Micleu, L.Ac. Throughout the menstrual cycle, changes in repro- Hunt, a research biologist at Washington State ductive physiology are matched by energetic changes, University, has shown that repeated small exposures to with fluctuations of yin, yang, qi, and blood reflected in these chemicals found in everyday life specifically target the various phases of the cycle. Examining these the reproductive system and can cause severe genetic changes in the follicular, ovulatory, luteal, and menstru- abnormalities in egg cells.1 al phases, allows for a detailed view of a woman's repro- Statistics show one in eight people in the U.S. have ductive cycle. In the diagnosis and treatment of infertili- an infertility problem (Resolve: The National Infertility ty with Chinese medicine, the AOM perspective is Organization). This is a quickly growing patient popula- assessed with special regard for reproductive health, and tion. There has been a great deal of research on the use the normal functioning of each specific stage of the men- of Chinese medicine in conjunction with ART (assisted strual cycle is supported as needed. reproductive technology) with significantly positive out- Treating the menstrual phases is also a strategy com- comes, which has led many fertility clinics to refer monly employed in cases of "unexplained infertility," a patients to Chinese medicine. Patients are often spending diagnosis frequently given when there are no specific a great deal of money on fertility technology, with expo- problems detected in a Western sure to high levels of chemical hor- medicine infertility evaluation. In CHONG RELEASE FORMULA mones. There is also the long-term these cases, the ovarian follicles are Spatholobus Ji Xue Teng . 15% emotional stress inherent in the developing normally on ultrasound process. For many reasons, Chinese Mimosa Tree Bark He Huan Pi . 15% evaluation, hormone levels are in medicine practitioners are in a White Peony Bai Shao . .12% normal range, and ovulation seems unique position to be important and to be occurring properly. Pelvic Codonopsis Dang Shen . .. .12% effective health care providers for organs are structurally sound and White Atractylodes Bai Zhu . .12% these patients. free of endometriosis and fibroid Angelica Sinensis Dang Gui . 10% tumors, the endometrial lining Red Peony Chi Shao . 10% TREATING FEMALE builds adequately, and sperm Ligusticum Chuan Xiong . 6% INFERTILITY THROUGH parameters are within normal range. Persica Seed Tao Ren. 5% THE MENSTRUAL Advanced age is often the assumed Carthamus Hong Hua . .3% CYCLE problem in these infertility cases. Menstrual Phase In a Chinese medicine evaluation, more subtle cues Day 1 of the menstrual cycle is the first day of the of imbalance may be detected, but not always. menstrual period. The actual definition of which day is Sometimes infertility patients are seemingly robust and designated as "day 1" can vary from source to source. healthy, and often fairly young, yet they have significant Generally it is the first day of significant menstrual problems conceiving. In fact, women in their 20's have bleeding, not just spotting. If the period begins in the the fastest growing infertility rate of any age group, evening or during the night, from about 6pm-midnight, according to the National Center for Health Statistics. In "day 1" is considered to be the following day. Oriental medicine, the kidney and liver dominate repro- During menstruation, the endometrial lining of the duction, yet patients may have little or no symptoms of uterus is shed. A quick drop in progesterone usually pre- low back pain, nighttime heat, excessive dryness, or cedes the beginning of the period, and on day 1 both the fatigue, and their menstrual cycle and flow may be rela- estrogen and progesterone levels are relatively low. tively normal. They may have few complaints and no From a Chinese medicine point of view, with the clear diagnostic imbalance, though their liver and/or kid- loss of blood during menstruation, the ren and chong ney pulses are weak. gradually empty, and by the time the menses is over the In recent times, the term "reproductive health" has ren and chong, kidney yin, and liver blood are at their been used to distinguish a person's general state of health lowest in the cycle. Problems during the menstrual peri- from that of their reproductive system. From a Western od are most commonly indicative of problems with qi medicine point of view, researchers are increasingly sus- and blood flow, while problems that occur or are worse picious of the role that environmental toxins play on ris- towards the end of the menses are generally associated ing infertility rates. Referred to as "endocrine disruptors" with blood deficiency. because they interfere with hormone function, some Treatment of infertility during the menstrual phase chemicals such as phthalates and bisphenol A (in many focuses on clearing any stagnation that may impede the plastics) have been implicated in rising rates of cancer, quality and movement of qi and blood in the following miscarriage and both male and female infertility. Patricia 2 INFERTILITY cycle. Clearing blood stasis facilitates the complete dis- Secondarily, heat may be a problem during this charge of menstrual blood so that the new endometrial phase, as it easily causes damage to the yin, and can lining can grow on a smooth, clean base. Some practi- enter the blood prompting it to move recklessly at ovu- tioners will use herbs to "flush" the uterine lining blood lation or menstruation. Heat can cause follicles to grow during menstruation, encouraging the complete dis- too quickly, resulting in poor egg quality, and may cause charge of the endometrium, even if there are no overt early ovulation and the shortening of the entire menstru- symptoms of blood stasis. But in particular, if there are al cycle. signs of stasis such as clotting, cramping, or irregular Heat in the follicular phase is commonly due to yin bleeding, this may be a particularly useful strategy. deficiency or stagnation of the heart and liver qi. Patients A base formula used during the menstrual phase is with fertility problems frequently experience a great deal Chong Release Formula (Jia Wei Tao Hong Si Wu of stress when month after month they are unable to con- Tang). Shu di was omitted from the traditional formula ceive. In these cases, heat from stagnation may disturb due to its cloying nature, while herbs to support the the steady building of yin and blood, and is often seen in spleen were added to reinforce the ability of the qi to upward spikes in the basal body temperature. expel the blood effectively and to support the production Nourish Ren & Chong Formula (Jia Wei Gui Shao of blood after the loss during menstruation. Di Huang Wan) is a very effective formula for the follic- ular phase, nourishing both the yin and blood. The heart Follicular Phase and liver may be addressed with The follicular phase begins on NOURISH REN & CHONG FORMULA additions or modifications to the day 1 of the menstrual cycle when formula. Chinese Yam Shan Yao. 12% new follicles, containing eggs, With the use of yin and blood begin their growth. Clinically, we Angelica Sinensis Dang Gui . 12% tonifying herbs, fertility signs often generally begin support of this White Peony Bai Shao . .12% show clear improvement. Long or phase after the major menstrual Cured Rehmannia Root Shu Di Huang. .10% short follicular phases regulate, cer- blood flow is over, usually around Cornelian Cherry Shan Zhu Yu . 9% vical mucus increases, menstrual day 4. Lycium Fruit Gou Qi Zi . .9% blood quantity and quality improves, During the follicular phase, Salvia Dan Shen . .8% and basal body temperature charts the hypothalamus and the pituitary Gardenia Zhi Zi. 8% become more even. Correspondingly, interact, stimulating the pituitary Tree Peony Root Bark Mu Dan Pi . 5% western lab tests often show to release FSH (follicle stimulating improvement in follicle and endome- Poria Fu Ling . 5% hormone), that in turn stimulates trial lining development. Asian Water Plantain Ze Xie . 5% the maturation of the ovarian folli- Ovulatory Phase cles. One of these follicles will Tangerine Peel Chen Pi . 5% When the main developing follicle grow to become the largest, or dom- becomes large enough and estrogen reaches a certain inant follicle, and will release its egg at ovulation. level, ovulation will occur. Prior to ovulation, the hypo- The regeneration of the endometrium, or uterine lin- thalamus and pituitary gland again play a major role as ing, begins about 2 days after the onset of menstruation, LH (luteinizing hormone) is released. This causes the even though menstrual bleeding still continues. This "LH surge" which occurs about 24 hours prior to ovula- process includes tissue repair of the uterus where the lin- tion and is detected by an ovulation predictor kit. ing has shed, as well as the development of estrogen and In a normal, healthy ovulation, the basal body tem- progesterone receptors in the new tissue. Estrogen is the perature chart will show a quick rise in temperature with dominant hormone during this phase, and as the levels the LH surge, and temperatures will then stay relatively gradually rise, proliferation of the endometrium and its high throughout the second half of the cycle. This is dense vascular network is stimulated. It also causes the indicative of the quick change from yin dominance in cervix to produce cervical fluid. the follicular phase to yang dominance in the luteal From a Chinese medical perspective, follicle devel- phase. Ovulation itself depends on the yin and blood opment is a yin process, dependent on yin, blood and being at their fullest, and the ensuing transformation of essence. In the follicular phase, the Ren and Chong are full yin to yang.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Kūnqǔ in Practice: a Case Study
    KŪNQǓ IN PRACTICE: A CASE STUDY A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THEATRE OCTOBER 2019 By Ju-Hua Wei Dissertation Committee: Elizabeth A. Wichmann-Walczak, Chairperson Lurana Donnels O’Malley Kirstin A. Pauka Cathryn H. Clayton Shana J. Brown Keywords: kunqu, kunju, opera, performance, text, music, creation, practice, Wei Liangfu © 2019, Ju-Hua Wei ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to express my gratitude to the individuals who helped me in completion of my dissertation and on my journey of exploring the world of theatre and music: Shén Fúqìng 沈福庆 (1933-2013), for being a thoughtful teacher and a father figure. He taught me the spirit of jīngjù and demonstrated the ultimate fine art of jīngjù music and singing. He was an inspiration to all of us who learned from him. And to his spouse, Zhāng Qìnglán 张庆兰, for her motherly love during my jīngjù research in Nánjīng 南京. Sūn Jiàn’ān 孙建安, for being a great mentor to me, bringing me along on all occasions, introducing me to the production team which initiated the project for my dissertation, attending the kūnqǔ performances in which he was involved, meeting his kūnqǔ expert friends, listening to his music lessons, and more; anything which he thought might benefit my understanding of all aspects of kūnqǔ. I am grateful for all his support and his profound knowledge of kūnqǔ music composition. Wichmann-Walczak, Elizabeth, for her years of endeavor producing jīngjù productions in the US.
    [Show full text]
  • Official Colours of Chinese Regimes: a Panchronic Philological Study with Historical Accounts of China
    TRAMES, 2012, 16(66/61), 3, 237–285 OFFICIAL COLOURS OF CHINESE REGIMES: A PANCHRONIC PHILOLOGICAL STUDY WITH HISTORICAL ACCOUNTS OF CHINA Jingyi Gao Institute of the Estonian Language, University of Tartu, and Tallinn University Abstract. The paper reports a panchronic philological study on the official colours of Chinese regimes. The historical accounts of the Chinese regimes are introduced. The official colours are summarised with philological references of archaic texts. Remarkably, it has been suggested that the official colours of the most ancient regimes should be the three primitive colours: (1) white-yellow, (2) black-grue yellow, and (3) red-yellow, instead of the simple colours. There were inconsistent historical records on the official colours of the most ancient regimes because the composite colour categories had been split. It has solved the historical problem with the linguistic theory of composite colour categories. Besides, it is concluded how the official colours were determined: At first, the official colour might be naturally determined according to the substance of the ruling population. There might be three groups of people in the Far East. (1) The developed hunter gatherers with livestock preferred the white-yellow colour of milk. (2) The farmers preferred the red-yellow colour of sun and fire. (3) The herders preferred the black-grue-yellow colour of water bodies. Later, after the Han-Chinese consolidation, the official colour could be politically determined according to the main property of the five elements in Sino-metaphysics. The red colour has been predominate in China for many reasons. Keywords: colour symbolism, official colours, national colours, five elements, philology, Chinese history, Chinese language, etymology, basic colour terms DOI: 10.3176/tr.2012.3.03 1.
    [Show full text]
  • THE THREE-LEVEL ACUPUNCTURE BALANCE Integrating Japanese Acupuncture with Acugraph Computer Diagnosis
    THE THREE-LEVEL ACUPUNCTURE BALANCE Integrating Japanese Acupuncture with AcuGraph Computer Diagnosis Jake Paul Fratkin, OMD, L.c. PART 1 ANTECEDENTS TO 3-LEVEL PROTOCOL A. Overview and Introduction p. 2 B. Schools of Acupuncture Practiced in the West 5 C. Acupuncture: General Considerations 6 D. Level One: The Primary Channels 8 E. Level One: Keriaku Chiryo 9 F. Level Two: The 8 Extraordinary Channels 13 G. Level Three: Divergent Channels 16 H. 3-Level Antecedents From Japan 17 I. Somato-Auricular Therapy (SAT) 31 PART 2 THE 3-LEVEL PROTOCOL A. Acugraph Diagnosis 35 B. Abdomen and Head 37 C. Basic 3-Level Protocol 37 D. Mop-Up Treatment 38 E. 5-System Tai Ji Balance Method 40 F. Naomoto: Midday-Midnight Needling Method 42 G. Auriculotherapy 42 H. Back Treatment 42 I. Considerations 43 J. Clinical Observations 45 Qi Gong Exercises 48 Recommended Texts 50 Resources 52 2 PART 1 ANTECEDENTS TO 3-LEVEL PROTOCOL A. OVERVIEW AND INTRODUCTION 1. What I hope To Accomplish a. Theory and Practice 1. Theory a. Components of 3-Level Balance b. Japanese versus Chinese approach 2. Practice a. Point selection b. Point location c. Needle technique b. Acugraph 1. How to choose and use different menus 2. How to get accurate readings c. Therapy 1. Various systems of meridian balancing 2. Various approaches to diagnosis besides computer 3. Prioritizing the SAT protocol with ion pumping cords 4. Japanese needle technique and point location 5. Clinical problems and conundrums d. Why I like this approach 1. Complex and sophisticated balance 2. Confirmation via O-ring muscle testing 2.
    [Show full text]
  • HÀNWÉN and TAIWANESE SUBJECTIVITIES: a GENEALOGY of LANGUAGE POLICIES in TAIWAN, 1895-1945 by Hsuan-Yi Huang a DISSERTATION S
    HÀNWÉN AND TAIWANESE SUBJECTIVITIES: A GENEALOGY OF LANGUAGE POLICIES IN TAIWAN, 1895-1945 By Hsuan-Yi Huang A DISSERTATION Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Curriculum, Teaching, and Educational Policy—Doctor of Philosophy 2013 ABSTRACT HÀNWÉN AND TAIWANESE SUBJECTIVITIES: A GENEALOGY OF LANGUAGE POLICIES IN TAIWAN, 1895-1945 By Hsuan-Yi Huang This historical dissertation is a pedagogical project. In a critical and genealogical approach, inspired by Foucault’s genealogy and effective history and the new culture history of Sol Cohen and Hayden White, I hope pedagogically to raise awareness of the effect of history on shaping who we are and how we think about our self. I conceptualize such an historical approach as effective history as pedagogy, in which the purpose of history is to critically generate the pedagogical effects of history. This dissertation is a genealogical analysis of Taiwanese subjectivities under Japanese rule. Foucault’s theory of subjectivity, constituted by the four parts, substance of subjectivity, mode of subjectification, regimen of subjective practice, and telos of subjectification, served as a conceptual basis for my analysis of Taiwanese practices of the self-formation of a subject. Focusing on language policies in three historical events: the New Culture Movement in the 1920s, the Taiwanese Xiāngtǔ Literature Movement in the early 1930s, and the Japanization Movement during Wartime in 1937-1945, I analyzed discourses circulating within each event, particularly the possibilities/impossibilities created and shaped by discourses for Taiwanese subjectification practices. I illustrate discursive and subjectification practices that further shaped particular Taiwanese subjectivities in a particular event.
    [Show full text]
  • Coupling a 1D Dual-Permeability Model with an Infinite Slope Stability Approach to Quantify the Influence of Preferential Flow on Slope Stability
    Delft University of Technology Coupling a 1D Dual-permeability Model with an Infinite Slope Stability Approach to Quantify the Influence of Preferential Flow on Slope Stability Shao, Wei; Bogaard, Thom; Su, Ye; Bakker, Mark DOI 10.1016/j.proeps.2016.10.014 Publication date 2016 Document Version Final published version Published in Procedia: Earth and Planetary Science Citation (APA) Shao, W., Bogaard, T., Su, Y., & Bakker, M. (2016). Coupling a 1D Dual-permeability Model with an Infinite Slope Stability Approach to Quantify the Influence of Preferential Flow on Slope Stability. Procedia: Earth and Planetary Science, 16, 128-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2016.10.014 Important note To cite this publication, please use the final published version (if applicable). Please check the document version above. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download, forward or distribute the text or part of it, without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license such as Creative Commons. Takedown policy Please contact us and provide details if you believe this document breaches copyrights. We will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. This work is downloaded from Delft University of Technology. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to a maximum of 10. Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Earth and Planetary Science 16 ( 2016 ) 128 – 136 The Fourth Italian Workshop
    [Show full text]
  • Names of Chinese People in Singapore
    101 Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 7.1 (2011): 101-133 DOI: 10.2478/v10016-011-0005-6 Lee Cher Leng Department of Chinese Studies, National University of Singapore ETHNOGRAPHY OF SINGAPORE CHINESE NAMES: RACE, RELIGION, AND REPRESENTATION Abstract Singapore Chinese is part of the Chinese Diaspora.This research shows how Singapore Chinese names reflect the Chinese naming tradition of surnames and generation names, as well as Straits Chinese influence. The names also reflect the beliefs and religion of Singapore Chinese. More significantly, a change of identity and representation is reflected in the names of earlier settlers and Singapore Chinese today. This paper aims to show the general naming traditions of Chinese in Singapore as well as a change in ideology and trends due to globalization. Keywords Singapore, Chinese, names, identity, beliefs, globalization. 1. Introduction When parents choose a name for a child, the name necessarily reflects their thoughts and aspirations with regards to the child. These thoughts and aspirations are shaped by the historical, social, cultural or spiritual setting of the time and place they are living in whether or not they are aware of them. Thus, the study of names is an important window through which one could view how these parents prefer their children to be perceived by society at large, according to the identities, roles, values, hierarchies or expectations constructed within a social space. Goodenough explains this culturally driven context of names and naming practices: Department of Chinese Studies, National University of Singapore The Shaw Foundation Building, Block AS7, Level 5 5 Arts Link, Singapore 117570 e-mail: [email protected] 102 Lee Cher Leng Ethnography of Singapore Chinese Names: Race, Religion, and Representation Different naming and address customs necessarily select different things about the self for communication and consequent emphasis.
    [Show full text]
  • Least Absolute Deviations Learning of Multiple Tasks
    JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND doi:10.3934/jimo.2017071 MANAGEMENT OPTIMIZATION Volume 14, Number 2, April 2018 pp. 719{729 LEAST ABSOLUTE DEVIATIONS LEARNING OF MULTIPLE TASKS Wei Xue1;2, Wensheng Zhang2;3 and Gaohang Yu4 1School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University of Technology Maanshan 243032, China 2School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094, China 3Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China 4School of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000, China (Communicated by Cheng-Chew Lim) Abstract. In this paper, we propose a new multitask feature selection model based on least absolute deviations. However, due to the inherent nonsmooth- ness of l1 norm, optimizing this model is challenging. To tackle this prob- lem efficiently, we introduce an alternating iterative optimization algorithm. Moreover, under some mild conditions, its global convergence result could be established. Experimental results and comparison with the state-of-the-art al- gorithm SLEP show the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed approach in solving multitask learning problems. 1. Introduction. Multitask feature selection (MTFS), which is aimed to learn ex- planatory features across multiple related tasks, has been successfully applied in various applications including character recognition [18], classification [21], medical diagnosis [23], and object tracking [2]. One key assumption behind many MTFS models is that all tasks are interrelated to each other. In this paper, we mainly consider regression problem, and in the problem setup, we assume that there are k regression problems or \tasks" with all data coming from the same space.
    [Show full text]
  • Current Position Credentials Research and Teaching Interests
    CURRICULUM VITAE 1 WEI GUO, PHD Wei Guo, PhD, Assoc. Prof., Vice Chair|郭未 博士/副教授/副系主任 Wei Guo earned his Ph.D. in Demography from Peking University, China in 2012. Later that year he joined the faculty as an assistant professor at the Department of Social Work and Social Policy, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, China. He is also affiliated with the Heren Charity Academy, Nanjing University, China. He has been promoted as Associate Professor of Social Policy and awarded permanent tenure in 2015. He teaches demography, social research methods, and statistics. He has won CAGG Academic Achievement Award, Gold Medal Award Nomination for Qian Xuesen Urbanology, National Youth Scholar Award in Gerontology, Jiangsu Provincial Youth Scholar Award in Gerontology, Third Prize for Papers of the Sixth Outstanding Scientific Research Award of Chinese Population Science, and Third-Class Social Science Award from the China Jiangsu Provincial Department of Education in 2014. A Demographer and Sociologist, Dr. Guo has been using demographic analysis methods and related quantitative methods to expand the policy research in the fields of adolescent health and development, marriage and family, aging and health in China, with funding supports from National Social Science Foundation of China (NSSFC), the Humanities and Social Sciences Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China, the Jiangsu Provincial Social Science Foundation, and Key Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences Research of the Ministry of Education of China. He has published over twenty articles in mainstream English and Chinese refereed journals from 2008 to the present. He is a regular reviewer for several Chinese and English academic journals.
    [Show full text]
  • Rethinking Chinese Kinship in the Han and the Six Dynasties: a Preliminary Observation
    part 1 volume xxiii • academia sinica • taiwan • 2010 INSTITUTE OF HISTORY AND PHILOLOGY third series asia major • third series • volume xxiii • part 1 • 2010 rethinking chinese kinship hou xudong 侯旭東 translated and edited by howard l. goodman Rethinking Chinese Kinship in the Han and the Six Dynasties: A Preliminary Observation n the eyes of most sinologists and Chinese scholars generally, even I most everyday Chinese, the dominant social organization during imperial China was patrilineal descent groups (often called PDG; and in Chinese usually “zongzu 宗族”),1 whatever the regional differences between south and north China. Particularly after the systematization of Maurice Freedman in the 1950s and 1960s, this view, as a stereo- type concerning China, has greatly affected the West’s understanding of the Chinese past. Meanwhile, most Chinese also wear the same PDG- focused glasses, even if the background from which they arrive at this view differs from the West’s. Recently like Patricia B. Ebrey, P. Steven Sangren, and James L. Watson have tried to challenge the prevailing idea from diverse perspectives.2 Some have proven that PDG proper did not appear until the Song era (in other words, about the eleventh century). Although they have confirmed that PDG was a somewhat later institution, the actual underlying view remains the same as before. Ebrey and Watson, for example, indicate: “Many basic kinship prin- ciples and practices continued with only minor changes from the Han through the Ch’ing dynasties.”3 In other words, they assume a certain continuity of paternally linked descent before and after the Song, and insist that the Chinese possessed such a tradition at least from the Han 1 This article will use both “PDG” and “zongzu” rather than try to formalize one term or one English translation.
    [Show full text]
  • Wei XUE Mcgill University
    based on work with A. Vincent and J. Cline Phys.Rev. D81 (2010) 083512 Phys.Rev. D82 (2010) 123519 COSMIC RAY ANOMALIES, GAMMA RAY CONSTRAINTS AND SUBHALOS IN MODELS OF DARK MATER ANNIHILATION Wei XUE McGill University 1 OUTLINE Cosmic Anomaly Dark Matter Subhalos outside Dark Matter subhalos inside Particle Physics realization 2 Cosmic Ray Anomaly Charged Cosmic Particles Positron fraction(>10Gev) PAMELA Electron+Positron Peaking around 500Gev Fermi 3 Dark Matter The Phenomena have no known astrophysics origin (Could be pulsar?) Attractive explanation: 1 Tev WIMP DM + DM → messengers fields φ (on shell) → SM particles. mφ<2mproton Sommerfeld enhancement to cross section <σv>=BF × 3×10-26cm3s-1 Two issues: Gamma Ray? substructure? 4 FromPhysics N-body System Simulation ★Via Lactea II 1 DM main halo in the centre 100 inside the visible galaxy Correlated 20,047 System resolved DM subhalos Liouville’s conservation law(too much information) ★Extend as far out as 4,000 kpc Our Visible galaxy is 40 kpc aross 5 Subhalos contributions Positive contribution Large Number 20,000 subhalos High density small dispersion velocity sub-substructure Negative contribution long distance to the milky way 6 GALPROP+Via Lactea II GALPROP Numerically solve diffusion equation of electrons and positrons d ∂ ψe (x, p,t)=Qe (x,E)+ (D(E) ψe (x, p,t)) + [b(x,E)ψ (x, p,t)] dt ± ± ∇ · ∇ ± ∂E ± Source 2 r α 3 Main halo: ρEin(r)=ρsexp 1 −α rs − the annihilation rate of diffuse DM particles of the host subhalo i halo. " ! Subhalos:For a given subhalo i at a distance !i from the edge of i the diffusion zone of the galaxy, the flux of e+ or e− on thissimilar boundary takes density the form profile, i ∞ 2 2 8 kpc dΦi dN r ρi diffusion zone = BSH!σv" (!i) 2 2 dr (3) dE dE !0 !i MDM 20 kpc where BSH is an average boost factor for the subhalos due to Sommerfeld enhancement for example, and ρ (r) is the Change the boundary conditioni FIG.
    [Show full text]
  • Weiliu at Cs.Utah.Edu WEI LIU
    729 Arapeen Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108 Phone: 801-386-7629 Email: weiliu at cs.utah.edu WEI LIU http://www.cs.utah.edu/~weiliu RESEARCH Machine learning, data mining, imaging and computer vision. I’m especially interested INTERESTS in applying statistical learning algorithm to multivariate data in imaging and vision. EDUCATION Ph.D. in Computing 2008 – 2014 School of Computing, University of Utah • Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis By Graphical Model (Advisor: Tom Fletcher) M.S. in Electronic Engineering 2001 – 2004 Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China • Feature Extraction Using Subspace Decomposing and Kernel Space Mapping (Advisor: HexinChen) B.S. in Electronic Engineering 1997 – 2001 Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China EMPLOYMENT Postdoctoral 2014 – Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research, University of Utah • Working with Dr. Brian Chapman on statistical shape analysis with human lung CT imaging. Research Assistant 2008 – 2014 Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah • Worked with Dr. Tom Fletcher on human brain functional network analysis with func- tional MRI image. Used statistical learning techniques such as graphical model, Bayesian and Monte Carlo methods to explore the functional system of a group of subjects. • Joint learning of hidden structures from functional MRI data and the gene expression data. • Semi-supervised learning of lesion from multi-modality, longitudinal images of patients with traumatic brain injury. Member of Technical Staff 2004 – 2008 Lucent Technologies, Nanjing • Software engineer on Lucent mobile switching center; Reviewed customer requirement, participated in system design, developed code in Lucent code management system; Run experiments in Lucent realtime Unix environment and Lucent lab at Lisle, Illinois.
    [Show full text]
  • From Barbarians to the Middle Kingdom: the Rise of the Title “Emperor, Heavenly Qaghan” and Its Significance
    From Barbarians to the Middle Kingdom: The Rise of the Title “Emperor, Heavenly Qaghan” and Its Significance Han-je Park* INTRODUCTION The entrance of the Five Barbarians wuhu( 五胡) people into the Central Plain of China is a historical event of great significance in the East, comparable in importance to the migration of Germanic tribes into the Roman Empire. The Five Barbarians became the main actors in the establishment of an array of dynasties throughout the periods of the Sixteen Kingdoms of Five Hu, the Northern Dynasties, and eventually the cosmopolitan empires of the Sui (隋) and the Tang (唐). With the passing of time, they lost their original culture and customs, and many came to lose their ethnonym. This phenomenon is described as their sinicization (hanhua 漢化), although there is also a contrary view that the Han (漢) people in China were barbaricized (huhua 胡化) and thus widened the range of Chinese culture. But, we may ask, do the terms “sinicization” and “barbaricization” adequately convey what really happened? Aside from arguments regarding sinicization or barbaricization, what role did the Five Barbarians actually play in the history of China? Were they indeed a people without a culture, who could therefore not bring anything novel to China itself,1 or were they a civilization with a sophisticated culture of their own? *Seoul National University (Seoul, Korea) Journal of Central Eurasian Studies, Volume 3 (October 2012): 23–68 © 2012 Center for Central Eurasian Studies 24 Han-je Park The Han and Tang empires are often joined together and referred to as the “empires of the Han and the Tang,” implying that these two dynasties have a great deal in common.
    [Show full text]