(SCP) & Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) Schemes and Its Impact Among Scs and Sts in India
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Research Study on Livelihood Options Assets Creation out of Special Component Plan (SCP) & Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) Schemes and its Impact among SCs and STs in India Sponsored by: Planning Commission Government of India Yojana Bhawan, Sansad Marg New Delhi 110 001 Socio Economic and Educational Development Society (SEEDS) RZF – 754/29, Raj Nagar II, Palam Colony, New Delhi 110045 Planning Commission Government of India Yojana Bhawan New Delhi 110 001 RESEARCH STUDY ON LIVELIHOOD OPTIONS, ASSETS CREATION OUT OF SPECIAL COMPONENT PLAN (SCP) & TRIBAL SUB PLAN (TSP) SCHEMES AND ITS IMPACT AMONG SCs AND STs IN INDIA November 2007 Socio Economic and Educational Development Society (SEEDS) RZF - 754/29 Raj Nagar II, Palam Colony New Delhi – 110045 (INDIA) Email: [email protected]; [email protected] Socio Economic and Educational Planning Commission Development Society (SEEDS) Government of India ACKNOWLEDGMENT The Special Component Plan ( recently changed to Scheduled Caste Sub Plan) and Tribal Sub Plan is a comprehensive strategic approach adopted by Government of India for the welfare and development of SCs & STs in the country. We are thankful to Planning Commission, Government of India for awarding the “Evaluation Study of Livelihood Options, Assets Creation out of Special Component Plan (SCP) and Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) schemes & Programmes and its impact among Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in India” to our organisation. This being a research study with intensive field works in 7 sampled states viz. Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Orissa, Punjab, Haryana and Tamil Nadu, covering some of the very remote and difficult areas, the help received from various state and district officials of the different departments including Social & Tribal welfare department were very valuable. Apart from these officials, we have also been helped by the local community to great extent. We wish to express our special gratitude to Dr. Chandra Pal, the then Principal Advisor and his team of Planning Commission, Government of India, for providing guidance in successfully completing the study. We are thankful to the officials of Socio Economic Research (SER) division of Planning Commission for facilitating us in the successful completion of the study. We are also thankful to officials of Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment and Ministry of Tribal Affairs Government of India for providing us secondary information and other necessary help in successfully accomplishment of our study. We express our sincere thanks to Dr. V. S. Khatana, Dr. Dushayant Kumar, Dr. Rajesh Khanna, Shri Vinod Kumar, Shri N K Jha, Shri Barun Kumar, Shri Pankaj Kumar and Ms. Geetanjali for their support without which perhaps we would not have completed this study. We are thankful to our dedicated team of field investigators, who have worked tirelessly in the field. We would like to put on record the appreciation for all of them for their help. We are also thankful to Shri Kuldeep and Ms. Nishi, who have helped in data processing and presentation of this report, which is gratefully acknowledged here. Last but not the least we are thankful to many others who were generous with advice and assistance. Study on Livelihood Options, Assets Creation out of SCP & TSP i Schemes and its impact among SCs and STs in India Socio Economic and Educational Planning Commission Development Society (SEEDS) Government of India Table of Content CHAPTERS PAGE NO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I 1 OVERVIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES AND PROGRAMMES OF THE SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES IN THE COUNTRY 1-1 1.1 Background 1-1 1.2 Development Strategies and Programmes of SCs 1-2 1.3 Development Strategies and Programmes of STs 1-3 1.4 Tribal Sub Plan for STs and Special Component Plan for SCs 1-4 1.5 Tribal Sub-Plan for Tribals 1-4 1.6 Funding of TSP Programmes 1-5 1.7 Allocation of funds from the States/U.Ts Plan to the TSP 1-5 1.8 Special Central Assistance (SCA) to Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) 1-6 1.9 Grants under Article 275 (1) of the Constitution 1-6 1.10 Schemes implemented by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs 1-7 1.11 TSP implementation by Central Ministries/Departments 1-7 1.12 Institutional Finance 1-7 1.13 Single Line Administration 1-8 1.14 Special Component Plan (SCP) for SCs 1-8 1.15 Schemes implemented by the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment 1-9 1.16 Special Central Assistance (SCA) to Special Component Plan (SCP) 1-10 1.17 Schemes / Programmes of various Central Ministries / Departments 1-10 1.18 Schemes/Programmes through various State / U.T Governments 1-11 1.19 Implementation Status and Review of SCP and TSP 1-11 1.20 Review of SCP and TSP strategies by Ministies of Social Justice & Empowerment and Tribal Affairs 1-12 1.21 Review of SCP and TSP strategies in Planning Commission 1-12 1.22 The Present Scenario and the need for the evaluation study 1-13 2 OBJECTIVES, DATA BASE AND METHODOLOGY 2-1 2.1 Objectives of the Study 2-1 2.2 Approach and Methodology 2-1 2.3 Sampled States 2-1 2.4 The Schedules 2-4 Study on Livelihood Options, Assets Creation out of SCP & TSP i Schemes and its impact among SCs and STs in India Socio Economic and Educational Planning Commission Development Society (SEEDS) Government of India 2.5 Qualitative Methods 2-5 2.6 Secondary Data 2-5 2.7 Data Analysis 2-5 2.8 Report Presentation 2-5 3 IMPLEMENTATION OF TRIBAL SUB-PLAN AND SPECIAL COMPOMENT PLAN AND ITS IMPACT ON STs AND SCs IN GUJARAT STATE 3-1 3.1 Scheduled Caste Population Scenario 3-1 3.2 Scheduled Tribe Population Scenario 3-2 3.3 Administrative Mechanism for Tribal Development 3-3 3.4 Approach and Strategy for Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) 3-4 3.5 Gujarat Pattern of Tribal Development 3-4 3.6 TSP Implementation in the State 3-4 3.7 Important Schemes being implemented for development of STs in the State 3-4 3.8 Physical Performance under Gujarat Pattern of Tribal Development 3-4 3.9 Physical coverage of Minor Irrigation Programmes 3-4 3.10 Coverage of families under different sectoral schemes: 3-4 3.11 Special Component Plan 3-4 3.12 SCP Implementation in the State 3-4 3.13 Allocation and Expenditure of SCP Funds 3-4 3.14 Important Schemes Iimplemented for the SCs Development 3-4 3.15 Impact Analysis: Beneficiaries Data 3-4 3.16 Type of schemes availed and suggestions for the improvements 3-4 3.17 Impact Analysis: Secondary Data 3-4 4 IMPLEMENTATION OF TRIBAL SUB-PLAN AND SPECIAL COMPOMENT PLAN AND ITS IMPACT ON STs AND SCs IN CHATTISGARH STATE 4-4 4.1 Tribal Scenario 4-4 4.2 Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) approach in the State 4-4 4.3 Administrative Mechanism 4-4 4.4 Tribal Research Institute 4-4 4.5 Financial Resources for Tribal Development 4-4 4.6 Financial Resources from the Central and Central Sector Schemes 4-4 4.7 Externally Aided Projects 4-4 4.8 Important Schemes and Programmes of Tribal Development 4-4 Study on Livelihood Options, Assets Creation out of SCP & TSP ii Schemes and its impact among SCs and STs in India Socio Economic and Educational Planning Commission Development Society (SEEDS) Government of India 4.9 Special Component Plan (SCP) for the SCs 4-4 4.10 Allocation of funds for the SCP 4-4 4.11 Important Schemes Implemented for the Development of SCs 4-4 4.12 Impact on SCs and STs in the State 4-4 4.13 Raipur Disrict 4-4 4.14 Comparative picture of STs and SCs with the General Population 4-4 5 IMPLEMENTATION OF TRIBAL SUB-PLAN AND SPECIAL COMPOMENT PLAN AND ITS IMPACT ON STs AND SCs IN ORISSA STATE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO KBK REGION 5-4 5.1 Scheduled Tribes and their socio-economic profile 5-4 5.2 Scheduled Castes and their socio-economic profile 5-4 5.3 Tribal Sub-Plan Approach 5-4 5.4 Tribal Development Administrative Mechanism 5-4 5.5 Tribal Development Projects 5-4 5.6 KBK Region/Districts 5-4 5.7 Special Planning and Strategy for KBK Region 5-4 5.8 Orissa Tribal Empowerment and Livelihood Programme (OTELP) 5-4 5.9 Formulation and Implementation of TSP 5-4 5.10 Monitoring and Evaluation of TSP 5-4 5.11 Allocation and Utilization of TSP funds 5-4 5.12 Funds from the State Plan 5-4 5.13 Funds from the Centre 5-4 5.14 Protective Measures and Affirmative Action for the STs/SCs in Orissa 5-4 5.15 Financial Outlays for Sectoral Programmes 5-4 5.16 Important Schemes Implemented Under TSP Funds 5-4 5.17 State, Central and Centrally Sponsored Schemes 5-4 5.18 PTGs Development 5-4 5.19 Physical Targets and Coverage of Beneficiaries Under TSP 5-4 5.20 Special Component Plan (SCP) 5-4 5.21 Flow of Funds to SCP 5-4 5.22 Sectoral Allocation of funds for SCP 5-4 5.23 Physical Targets and Achievement of important SCP Schemes 5-4 5.24 KBK Special Area Development 5-4 5.25 SCP for SCs TSP for STs in KBK Districts 5-4 5.26 Major development programmes executed in KBK region 5-4 Study on Livelihood Options, Assets Creation out of SCP & TSP iii Schemes and its impact among SCs and STs in India Socio Economic and Educational Planning Commission Development Society (SEEDS) Government of India 5.27 Impact of Development Programmes in the KBK Region 5-4 5.28 Impact of TSP and SCP Programmes/Sectors in the State 5-4 5.29 Problems faced by the beneficiries 5-4 6 IMPLEMENTATION OF SPECIAL COMPOMENT PLAN AND ITS IMPACT ON SCs IN BIHAR STATE 6-4 6.1 Scheduled Caste Population Scenario in the State: 6-4 6.2 Scheduled Tribe Population Scenario in the State: 6-4 6.3 Special Component Plan (SCP) in the State 6-4 6.4 Administrative Set-up 6-4 6.5 Implementation and monitoring of SCP 6-4 6.6 Financial Allocation towards Special Component Plan 6-4 6.7 SCA to SCP Funds 6-4 6.8 Sectoral Allocation of Funds 6-4 6.9 Important schemes