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Information to Users INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microhlm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zed) Road, Ann Aiix)r MI 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 THE REISS PROFILE OF MOTIVATION SENSITIVITY: RELIABILITY, VALIDITY, AND SOCIAL DESIRABILITY DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Susan M. Havercamp, M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 1998 Approved by Dissertation Committee: Advisor Professor Steven Reiss, Advisor Department of Psychology Professor Steven J. Beck, Co-Advisor Professor Herbert L. Mirels Co-Advisor Department of Psychology UMI Number: 9900841 Copyright 199 8 by Havercamp, Susan Marie All rights reserved. UMI Microform 9900841 Copyright 1998, by UMI Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. UMI 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, MI 48103 Copyright by Susan M. Havercamp 1998 A b s t r a c t The Reiss Profile of Fundamental Goals and Motivation Sensitivities (Reiss provides Profile) a comprehensive assessment of motivation. This dissertation tested the psychometric properties of this newly developed instrument. TheReiss Profile is a 128-item self-report instrument that yields norm-referenced information on 16 fundamental motives. This instrument was developed to measure and test the theoretical predictions of the recently proposed sensitivity theory of motivation. Eleven independent samples of participants (n=813) were recruited to confirm the factor solution, assess its reliability and validity, and to determine the extent to which the scales are influenced by social desirability. The results support the stability, reliability, and validity of the Reiss Profile and suggest that it is relatively free from the biasing effects of social desirability. The Reiss Profile was submitted to a confirmatory factor analysis and the 16-factor oblique solution provided an acceptable fit to the data (RMSEA=.053). Thus, the instrument was found to have a robust factor structure in a new sample. The inter-factor correlation matrix revealed that the 16 factors were relatively independent of one another (average r = .20). The test-retest reliability was found to be high over a four week interval (average r = .80). The instrument proved to be minimally affected (less than 3% total variance) by social desirability and correlated in the .55 to .60 range with instruments measuring similar constructs. Eight of the nine criterion validity tests were statistically significant. Motivational profiles were found to vary in meaningful ways across different participant groups. Overall, ±is research suggests that the Reiss Profile has sound psychometric properties. -II- ACKNO WLEDGM ENTS I would like to thank my friends and colleagues who provided invaluable support and encouragement throughout the completion of this dissertation. First and foremost, I wish to thank my advisor. Dr. Steven Reiss, for his guidance, support, and encouragement throughout my graduate training. 1 would like to thank my co-advisor. Dr. Steven Beck, for guiding my development as a clinician. I would also like to thank Dr. Herbert Mirels for his helpful comments throughout this dissertation. Additionally, I would like Drs. Michael Walker and Mohammed Rahman for their statistical advice. I could not have completed this dissertation without the help of my undergraduate research assistants Brian Allender, Micheal Johnson, Vandana Mathur, and Sepna Shankar. I also wish to extend my appreciation to the many individuals who helped me recmit participants for this project. Many people have contributed to my clinical training. I wish especially to thank Drs. Betsey Benson and David Hammer for providing me invaluable clinical experiences and also for teaching clinical excellence by example. I am indebted to my fellow graduate students for their sense of humor and support. In particular, my good friends Beth Turoff and Yona Lunsky have been very helpful and encouraging. I also wish to thank my classmates, Laura Allen, Amber Fain-Leslie, John O'Neil, and ShanePerrault. I extend my most sincere gratitude to Marc Tassé and to my fnends and family; I would not be where I am today without your love and encouragement - thank you. - I l l - V it a October 26, 1969 ......................................................... Bom - Davenport, Iowa 1992 ................................................................................ B.S. Psychology, University of Iowa 1996 ................................................................................ M.A. Psychology, Ohio State University 1993-1994 ..................................................................... Course Assistant The Ohio State University Psychology Department 1994-1997 ..................................................................... Graduate Research Associate The Ohio State University Nisonger Center 1997-1998 ..................................................................... Research and Statistical Consultant The Ohio State University Nisonger Center 1997-1998 ..................................................................... Psychology Intern, Muskingum County Board of Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Zanesville, Ohio P ublications 1. Reiss, S., & Havercamp, S. M. (1998). Toward a comprehensive assessment of fundamental motivation; Factor structure of the Reiss Profiles. Psychological Assessment, 97-106.10, 2. Havercamp, S. M., & Reiss, S. (1997). The Reiss Screen for Maladaptive Behavior: Confirmatory factor analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 967-971. 35, -iv- 3. Reiss, S., & Havercamp, S. M. (1997). Sensitivity theory and mental retardation; Why functional analysis is not enough. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 553-566. 101. 4. Tassé, M. J., Havercamp, S. M., & Reiss, S. (1997). Home-of-Your-Own: Cooperative Living Training Program. Santa Barbara, CA: James Stanfield Publishing Company. 5. Reiss, S., & Havercamp, S. M. (1996). The sensitivity theory of motivation: Implications for psychopathology. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 621-632. 32, 6. Havercamp, S. M. & Reiss, S. (1996). Composite versus multiple-rating scales in the assessment of psychopathology in people with mental retardation. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 40, 176-179. 7. Piven, J., Arndt, S., Bailey, J., Havercamp, S. M., Andreasen, N. C., & Palmer, P. (1995). An MR! study of brain size in autism. American Journal o f Psychiatry. 1145-1149.152, F ie l d s o f S t u d y Major Field: Psychology T a b l e o f C o n t e n t s Page Abstract ..................................................................................................................................................................... " Acknowledgments .................................................................................................................................................... "i V ita............................................................................................................................................................................... iv List of Figures ......................................................................................................................................................... x Chapters: 1. Introduction........................................................................................................................................................ i Sensitivity Theory .................................................................................................................................... 2 Fundamental Motives .............................................................................................................. - Individual Differences.............................................................................................................. 4 Risk Factors for Psychopathology .......................................................................................... 2 Anxiety Sensitivity .................................................................................................................................. 8 Fundamental
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