DOCSLIB.ORG

An Evidentiary Analysis of Doctor Richard Carrier's Objections to The

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
An Evidentiary Analysis of Doctor Richard Carrier's Objections to The An evidentiary analysis of doctor Richard Carrier’s objections to the resurrection of Jesus Christ SR Hickling 0000-0002-5246-3045 Thesis submitted for the degree Philosophiae Doctor in Missiology at the Potchefstroom Campus of the North-West University Promoter: Prof dr HG Stoker Graduation October 2017 http://www.nwu.ac.za ABSTRACT This study examines the writings of a prominent atheist scholar, Doctor Richard Carrier, Ph.D., regarding his view of the resurrection narratives of Jesus Christ as described in the New Testament. In his writings, Carrier questions the veridicality of these resurrection accounts. The main goal of this research project is to distill accepted principles of evidence from established legal precepts in order to determine if Carrier’s views utilize these accepted principles of evidence. Three of Carrier’s contentions against the resurrection of Jesus Christ are analyzed by comparing them with the aforementioned evidentiary principless coming from the Anglo-American/common law tradition. This tradition includes rules/regulations governing the treatment of evidence in legal proceedings that have been in use since the eighteenth century and have long since been accepted in the modern era by countries that employ the Anglo-American common law jurisprudence system. These principles are codified and in use today in the Federal Rules of Evidence and also contained within federal pattern jury instructions both which are used in courts throughout the United States of America. The Federal Rules of Evidence govern the use of evidence in criminal trials and pattern jury instructions are given to jurors in order to educate them on how to interpret evidence they receive for and against criminal defendants. In addition to this analysis, relevant scholarly material to include Christian apologetic literature, and relevant passages of the New Testament are examined to determine if Carrier’s claims regarding the resurrection of Jesus Christ are in accord with the aforementioned accepted principles of evidence. Key Words: resurrection, Jesus Christ, Richard Carrier, evidence, analysis, contradiction, comparison, dying and rising gods, hallucination ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS In the development of this thesis, on many occasions, I found myself hearkening back to my past career as a criminal investigator. I remembered my law enforcement partners with whom I worked with, and who mentored me as I progressed through the various stages of my career. Working with these partners gave me a good foundation upon which to investigate the claims set out in my thesis. I also reflected on relationships and experiences with other colleagues who were part of the extended “court family” with whom I worked and interacted with on a daily basis. In my time investigating crimes, producing prisoners to court appearances, tracking down fugitives, and working to further the administration of justice, I came into contact with many prosecutors, judges, defense attorneys, and other officers of the court who shaped my experiences with evidence. Throughout my career, prosecutors would partner with me in presenting cases showing me the strengths and weaknesses of the evidence in a particular case I was working. I also befriended able defense attorneys as they worked on behalf of their clients in court. After their hearings concluded, we would discuss the different aspects of these cases to include the strengths and weaknesses of the evidence. I also had the privilege of working with experienced judges with whom I was able to observe as they made their legal findings on the bench. On occasion, I would also have the opportunity to speak with these jurists on various topics pertaining to the administration of justice when in their chambers or in passing. In these experiences and interactions, not only did I make many friends, but I also learned much about evidence and investigation. I am truly privileged to have worked with so many outstanding individuals of good will from the law enforcement community and from the extended court family. It would take too much space to list them all here individually but know that I am greatly appreciative for their friendship, their insights, and their work that is indirectly reflected in these pages. I would also like to acknowledge the work of several Christian legal thinkers, who through their scholarship, have contributed in blazing the path taken in this thesis. In particular, I would like to thank Dr. Ross Clifford, Principal of Morling College in Sydney, Australia, for his work and insights in applying legal principles to the study of Christian apologetics. His application of legal principles to Christian apologetics is insightful, yet easy to understand and to apply. I would also like to thank Dr. John W. Montgomery for his lifetime career in Christian apologetics, law, and theology. His work in Christian apologetics from a legal perspective has given great clarity to many complex arguments arrayed against core Christian tenets. His scholarship has greatly benefitted not only this research project, but also the Christian community at large. I would be remiss if I did not mention my father, Harley Hickling, under whose leadership I was introduced to Jesus Christ and who also launched me in a lifetime of intellectual endeavor. Finally, I would also like to thank Professor Doctor Henk G. Stoker, my research supervisor, for his support of this project throughout its development to its completion. Not only am I thankful for his guidance, time, and energies, but also I am very grateful for his patience as I worked through this project. Moreover, I am very appreciative for his patronage, for his enthusiasm, for his many suggestions, and for allowing me to study under his tutelage. iii ABBREVIATIONS ADC After Death Communication CBS Charles Bonnet Syndrome FPJI federal pattern jury instructions FRE Federal Rules of Evidence NDE Near Death Experience NRSV New Revised Standard Version NIV New International Version PRA Post-resurrection appearance(s) PBHE Post Bereavement Hallucination Experience VH Visual Hallucinations PTSD Post Traumatic Stress Disorder iv DEDICATIONS This scholastic endeavor is dedicated to those family members who sacrificed so much: To Andrea, the love of my life, this project would have never started without your endless support, prayers, and encouragement. Thank you for always being so patient and understanding. To Ryan and Rachel, thank you for your patience and sacrifice through the years. Oftentimes, instead of being with you, I was researching and writing. I pray that you find satisfaction in that through your sacrifice, you supported me. To Jesus Christ, I know that I would not be at this juncture if it were not for your guidance, sustenance, and provision in so many ways. Thank you from the bottom of my heart. v TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background and problem statement .................................................................................. 1 1.1.1 Background............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1.2 Problem statement .................................................................................................................. 2 1.2 Research questions ............................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Aim and objectives ............................................................................................................... 3 1.3.1 Aim ......................................................................................................................................... 3 1.3.2 Objectives ............................................................................................................................... 4 1.4 Central theoretical argument ................................................................................................ 4 1.5 Research methodology ......................................................................................................... 4 1.6 Concept clarification ............................................................................................................. 6 CHAPTER TWO OBJECTION ONE: THE RESURRECTION NARRATIVES CONTRADICT EACH OTHER 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 7 2.2 Carrier’s examination of the Gospel witnesses .................................................................. 8 2.2.1 Contradiction: In general, the Gospel narratives contradict each other ................................... 8 2.2.2 Contradiction: Number and activity of angels at the tomb ..................................................... 10 2.2.3 Contradiction: Different women and their activities at the tomb ............................................ 11 2.2.4 Contradiction: Resurrection appearances ............................................................................. 14 2.2.5 Contradiction: Timing of the removal of the stone ................................................................. 15 2.3 Cross-examination of Carrier’s contention by Christian scholars ................................. 16 2.3.1 Cross-examination: In general, the narratives are contradictory ........................................... 16 2.3.2 Cross-examination: Number and activity of angels at the tomb ............................................ 20 vi 2.3.3 Cross-examination: Different
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Chapter 15: Resources This Is by No Means an Exhaustive List. It's Just
    Chapter 15: Resources This is by no means an exhaustive list. It's just meant to get you started. ORGANIZATIONS African Americans for Humanism Supports skeptics, doubters, humanists, and atheists in the African American community, provides forums for communication and education, and facilitates coordinated action to achieve shared objectives. <a href="http://aahumanism.net">aahumanism.net</a> American Atheists The premier organization laboring for the civil liberties of atheists and the total, absolute separation of government and religion. <a href="http://atheists.org">atheists.org</a> American Humanist Association Advocating progressive values and equality for humanists, atheists, and freethinkers. <a href="http://americanhumanist.org">americanhumanist.org</a> Americans United for Separation of Church and State A nonpartisan organization dedicated to preserving church-state separation to ensure religious freedom for all Americans. <a href="http://au.org">au.org</a> Atheist Alliance International A global federation of atheist and freethought groups and individuals, committed to educating its members and the public about atheism, secularism and related issues. <a href="http://atheistalliance.org">atheistalliance.org</a> Atheist Alliance of America The umbrella organization of atheist groups and individuals around the world committed to promoting and defending reason and the atheist worldview. <a href="http://atheistallianceamerica.org">atheistallianceamerica.org< /a> Atheist Ireland Building a rational, ethical and secular society free from superstition and supernaturalism. <a href="http://atheist.ie">atheist.ie</a> Black Atheists of America Dedicated to bridging the gap between atheism and the black community. <a href="http://blackatheistsofamerica.org">blackatheistsofamerica.org </a> The Brights' Net A bright is a person who has a naturalistic worldview.
    [Show full text]
  • HITLER HOMER BIBLE CHRIST the Historical Papers of Richard Carrier 1995–2013
    Bibliography for HITLER HOMER BIBLE CHRIST The Historical Papers of Richard Carrier 1995–2013 RICHARD CARRIER Ph.D. Philosophy Press 2014 Copyright © 2014 Richard Carrier Additional copyrights noted below. All rights reserved. QUICK LINKS Click the chapter number to go to that chapter’s title and a statement of copyrights and where it first appeared. If a chapter has bibliographies, those links appear below each chapter number on this quick link list. Chapter 1 (no bibliography) Chapter 2 (no bibliography) Chapter 3 (brief bibliography) Chapter 4 (no bibliography) Chapter 5 (bibliography of ancient works cited) (bibliography of scholarship cited) Chapter 6 (no bibliography) Chapter 7 (passages cited) (scholarship cited) Chapter 8 (passages cited) (scholarship cited) Chapter 9 (bibliography) Chapter 10 (no bibliography) Chapter 11 (no bibliography) Chapter 12 (bibliography) Chapter 13 (no bibliography) Chapter 14 (brief bibliography) Chapter 15 (expanded report) (passages cited) (bibliography) Chapter 16 (passages cited) (scholarship cited) Chapter 17 (passages cited) (scholarship cited) Chapter 18 (passages cited) (scholarship cited) Chapter 19 (passages cited) (scholarship cited) Chapter 20 (passages cited) (scholarship cited) Appendix: List of Richard Carrier’s Books and Chapters -:- CHAPTER 1 THE FUNCTION OF THE HISTORIAN IN SOCIETY Was originally published in The History Teacher 35.4 (August 2002): 519-26. Reproduced with permission. CHAPTER 2 HISTORY BEFORE 1950 Was originally published at Richard Carrier Blogs 30 April 2007. Revised. Copyright 2003, 2007, and 2014. CHAPTER 3 EXPERIMENTAL HISTORY Was originally published at Richard Carrier Blogs 28 July 2007. Revised. Copyright 2007 and 2014. In the print edition, drawings were included showing the oar arrangements discussed in the text, depicting ancient ships in cross section.
    [Show full text]
  • Richard C. Carrier April 26, 2016
    Richard C. Carrier April 26, 2016 PUBLICATIONS: “Do Religious Life and Critical Thought Need Each Other? A Reply to William Reinsmith.” Inquiry: Critical Thinking Across the Disciplines 16.1 (Autumn 1996): 67-75. “Flash! Fox News Reports that Aliens May Have Built the Pyramids of Egypt!” Skeptical Inquirer 23.5 (September-October 1999): 46-50. “Are the Odds Against the Origin of Life Too Great?” Reports of the National Center for Science Education 20.4 (Jul/Aug 2000): 25-34. “Pseudohistory in Jerry Vardaman’s Magic Coins: The Nonsense of Micrographic Letters.” Skeptical Inquirer 26.2 (Mar-Apr 2002): 39-41, 61. “More on Vardaman’s Microletters.” Skeptical Inquirer 26.4 (Jul/Aug 2002): 60-61. “Epicurus.” Encyclopedia of the Ancient World (Salem Press 2002): 2.503-04. “Lucretius.” Ibid.: 2.738. “Philodemus.” Ibid.: 3.897. “Second Sophistic.” Ibid.: 3.995. “Soranus of Ephesus.” Ibid.: 3.1025-26. “The Guarded Tomb of Jesus and Daniel in the Lion’s Den: An Argument for the Plausibility of Theft.” Journal of Higher Criticism 8.2 (Fall 2001): 304-18. “The Function of the Historian in Society.” The History Teacher 35.4 (Aug 2002): 519-26. “Hitler’s Table Talk: Troubling Finds.” German Studies Review 26.3 (Oct 2003): 561-76. “Whence Christianity? A Meta-Theory for the Origins of Christianity.” Journal of Higher Criticism 11.1 (Spr 2005): 22-34. “The Argument from Biogenesis: Probabilities Against a Natural Origin of Life.” Biology and Philosophy 19.5 (Nov 2004): 739-64. Page 1! of 4! Richard C. Carrier April 26, 2016 Sense and Goodness without God: A Defense of Metaphysical Naturalism (AuthorHouse 2005).
    [Show full text]
  • Tony Sobrado Interview with Richard Carrier on Atheism Plus (6 March 2013)
    The Tony Sobrado Interview with Richard Carrier on Atheism Plus (6 March 2013) Transcrip)on by Rachel Hawkes [@RachelHawkes] of the Tony Sobrado [@TonySobrado] podcast interview with Richard Carrier on Atheism Plus [original audio at tonysobrado.com/2013/03/06/interview-with-richard-carrier-on-atheism- plus]. Anyone who has an A+Scribe account [a-plus-scribe.com] has our permission to include this there (in any format). This transcript may also be freely distributed as long as all these credits are retained. But it may not be sold for profit or included in any book without the express permission of Sobrado, Carrier, and Hawkes. Tony Sobrado (TS) Richard Carrier (RC) TS: [00:00:00] Richard Carrier is an author, a prominent blogger and a public speaker within the atheist community. He has a PhD in Greek and Roman Intellectual Thought from Colombia University. [00:00:12] Richard, in my arLcle enLtled ‘What is Atheism+ and do we need it?’ for The Huffington Post, I essenLally presented an argument that said that some of the principles behind Atheism+ such as sexual, social and racial equality were addressed by other mainstream poliLcal ideologies. I was therefore asking the quesLon, in what context could Atheism+ be different and offer something that other ideologies do not. That was one aspect of the arLcle. The other aspect of it the arLcle asked in what sense could Atheism+ become a poliLcal movement. That is, how could Atheism+ offer something to the poliLcal world in terms of economic or foreign policy? Now in terms of my first issue, what can Atheism + offer that other ideologies do not; this has been a contenLous issue and you took up some issues with this.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography
    BIBLIOGRAPHY Abbott, Edwin A., The Kernel and the Husk: Letters on Spiritual Christianity, by the Author of “Philochristus” and “Onesimus”, London: Macmillan, 1886. Adams, Dickenson W. (ed.), The Papers of Thomas Jefferson (Second Series): Jefferson’s Extracts from the Gospels, Ruth W. Lester (Assistant ed.), Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1983. Addis, Cameron, Jefferson’s Vision for Education, 1760–1845, New York: Peter Lang, 2003. Adorno, Theodore W., and Max Horkheimer, Dialectic of Enlightenment, John Cumming (trans.), London: Allen Lane, 1973. Agrippa, Heinrich Cornelius, The Vanity of the Arts and Sciences, London: Printed by R. E. for R. B. and Are to Be Sold by C. Blount, 1684. Albertan-Coppola, Sylviane, ‘Apologetics’, in Catherine Porter (trans.), Alan Charles Kors (ed.), The Encyclopedia of the Enlightenment (vol. 1 of 4), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001, pp. 58–63. Alexander, Gerhard (ed.), Apologie oder Schutzschrift für die vernünfti- gen Verehrer Gottes/Hermann Samuel Reimarus (2 vols.), im Auftrag der Joachim-Jungius-Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften in Hamburg, Frankfurt: Insel, 1972. ———, Auktionskatalog der Bibliothek von Hermann Samuel Reimarus: alphabe- tisches Register, Hamburg: Joachim-Jungius-Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, 1980. Alexander, H. G. (ed.), The Leibniz-Clarke Correspondence: Together with Extracts from Newton’s “Principia” and “Opticks”, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1956. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2019 375 J. C. P. Birch, Jesus in an Age of Enlightenment, Christianities in the Trans-Atlantic World, https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-51276-5 376 BIBLIOGRAPHY Allegro, John M., The Sacred Mushroom and the Cross: A Study of the Nature and Origins of Christianity Within the Fertility Cults of the Ancient Near East, London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1970.
    [Show full text]
  • Did Jesus Exist? Blogosphere Responses
    Did Jesus Exist? Blogosphere Responses www.vialogue.wordpress.com Did Jesus Exist? http://choiceindying.com/2012/04/11/did-jesus-exist/ (accessed April 14, 2012) 11 April 2012 Eric MacDonald The existence or non-existence of Jesus is not an issue with me, and I still find it hard to understand why it should be an issue with anyone else. I spent years talking about the Jesus of the gospels, his teachings, his life and death, and, believe it or not, his resurrection — which was the hardest part of all — and for a while Robert Funk and his Jesus Seminar interested me strangely, and I attempted to understand the basis upon which the Fellows of the Seminar distinguished between the actual words of Jesus from words put in his mouth by later myth-making and tradition. Of course, the latter exercise has to presuppose Jesus’ real existence as an historical person who not only said things of interest and importance, but whose actual words can be distinguished from sayings that are not reliably attested and cannot be ascribed to the apocalyptic preacher from Galilee. But still this didn’t lead me to wonder whether Bart Ehrman’s HuffPo article “Did Jesus Exist?” had anything of importance to say. If there is no god, and it makes no sense to speak of god in the absence of its existence — contrary to people like Don Cupitt and Jack Spong — then Jesus, whether as an historical or a mythical figure, must lose traction in the mind of anyone who has said farewell to god.
    [Show full text]
  • The Meaning of Life
    SI Sept/Oct pgs_SI MJ 2010 7/22/10 4:42 PM Page 61 B O O K R E V I E W S found to have published false data a covered high-temperature superconduc- act: faking or fabricating data or plagiar - number of times. tivity. Their discovery was first greeted ism” (132). The last case Goodstein considers is with some disbelief but then accepted This book is accessible to the general that of Karl Alexander Muller and J. when replicated by others. reading public, although some readers Georg Bednorz, who in 1986 were Goodstein says the “take-home les- may not be very interested in the working in a field about which most son in all of this is that scientific fraud descriptions of some subjects, like high- researchers had given up hope; they dis- consists of an explicit and well-defined temperature superconductivity. ! wrote the popular underground book Sense and Goodness without God, in which The Meaning of Life I confront the meaning of life from a god- less perspective and advocate constant RICHARD CARRIER questioning, exploration, and answering of the big questions, from which Nygard’s The Nature of Existence. Roger Nygard, director. Roger film takes a cue. My book takes a scien- Nygard and Paul Tarantino, producers. Walking Shadows. tific and philosophical approach that is 93 minutes. systematic and comprehensive. Nygard’s film takes the ap proach most people actu- he Nature of Existence (whose that it doesn’t explore why anyone believes ally take: asking the self-proclaimed tagline is “Every mystery of what they assert in the movie (more on experts of different views what they think.
    [Show full text]
  • (2019) Revolutionary Contexts for the Quest: Jesus in the Rhetoric and Methods of Early Modern Intellectual History
    \ Birch, J. C.P. (2019) Revolutionary contexts for the quest: Jesus in the rhetoric and methods of Early Modern intellectual history. Journal for the Study of the Historical Jesus, 17(1-2), pp. 35-80. (doi: 10.1163/17455197- 01701005) The material cannot be used for any other purpose without further permission of the publisher and is for private use only. There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it. http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/187702/ Deposited on 17 September 2019 Enlighten – Research publications by members of the University of Glasgow http://eprints.gla.ac.uk REVOLUTIONARY CONTEXTS FOR THE QUEST Jesus in the Rhetoric and Methods of Early Modern Intellectual History Abstract: This article contributes to a new perspective on the historical Jesus in early modern intellectual history. This perspective looks beyond German and academic scholarship, and takes account of a plurality of religious, social, and political contexts. Having outlined avenues of research which are consistent with this approach, I focus on radicalised socio- political contexts for the emergence of 'history' as a category of analysis for Jesus. Two contexts will be discussed: the late eighteenth century, with reference to Joseph Priestley, Baron d'Holbach, and their associations with the French Revolution; and the interregnum period in seventeenth-century Britain, with reference to early Quaker controversies and the apologetic work of Henry More. I identify ideas about Jesus in those contexts which have echoed in subsequent scholarship, while challenging the notion that there is a compelling association between sympathetic historical conceptions of Jesus (as opposed to theological) and a tendency towards radical and revolutionary politics.
    [Show full text]
  • Atheism... Plus What? Richard Carrier Dr
    Essays in the Philosophy of Humanism The American Humanist Association vol. 21, no. 1 (2013), 105–113 © 2013 Atheism... Plus What? Richard Carrier Dr. Richard Carrier received his doctorate from Columbia University. As a professional historian and philosopher, he is a prominent defender of the American freethought movement. “Atheism+” or “Atheism Plus” was first promoted by atheist activist Jennifer McCreight, at the suggestion of one of her readers, to describe a movement that had been growing within New Atheism for several years. It is a movement for promoting moral values and the discussion of societal problems among atheists, and for making the atheist community more welcoming of, and responsive to, women and minorities. Atheism is no longer just the belief-state of various diverse individuals. Atheism is now a social identity movement and a growing and active community. This is most especially the case in America and Canada, but there are similar movements growing in other countries, from the Philippines to Ghana and (secretly) even Iran and Pakistan. Australia and the UK have seen smaller but similar movement growth and recognition. And beyond. Here my focus will be on American atheism, which by its volume and output fuels and encourages much of the rest, but as other societies become more free and secular, or wake up more to the dangerous influence of religion even in their already free and secular societies, I think more nations will follow. The worldwide recognition now tendered to the term “New Atheism” illustrates the phenomenon I’m referring to. What distinguishes the “new” from old atheism is precisely this feature: atheists are increasingly, and loudly, out and proud.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Historicity of Jesus
    On the Historicity of Jesus By Richard Carrier © 2014 Section-by-Section Bibliography for Text-to-Speech Rendering to Assist the Visually Impaired - - - For each section of the book you will find below the sources and scholarship relied upon, stripped out of the book in sequential order. Not included are the following works of mine that I referenced often enough that they should just be consulted in their entirety (heeding my remark that my views or conclusions on some points may have changed): Richard Carrier, Proving History: Bayes’s Theorem and the Quest for the Historical Jesus (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2012). Richard Carrier, Not the Impossible Faith: Why Christianity Didn’t Need a Miracle to Succeed (Raleigh, NC: Lulu.com, 2009). Other than that, everything that follows is divided by section of the book in which it received a footnoted reference. Note that sometimes Bible verses are cited as evidence in the text and not the footnotes. Those won’t be reproduced here, and might not have been read out in the audio either. - - - Chapter 1, Section 1: Mark Goodacre, The Case against Q: Studies in Markan Priority and the Synoptic Problem (Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press, 2002). Page !1 of !131 Richard Carrier, ‘Flash! Fox News Reports That Aliens May Have Built the Pyramids of Egypt!’, Skeptical Inquirer 23 (September–October 1999) (see www.csicop.org/si/9909/ fox.html). Richard Carrier, ‘Did Jesus Exist? Earl Doherty and the Argument to Ahistoricity’, The Secular Web (2002) at www.infidels.org/library/modern/richard_carrier/jesuspuzzle.html. - - - Chapter 1, Section 2: Robert Van Voorst, Jesus Outside the New Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans: 2000).
    [Show full text]
  • Class 3A HOW MUCH SKEPTICISM IS WARRANTED? the MYTHICAL VIEW of JESUS
    Class 3a HOW MUCH SKEPTICISM IS WARRANTED? THE MYTHICAL VIEW OF JESUS Outline § Early & Current Mythicists § Reactions to Mythicism by NT Scholars § Mythicism Run Amok § The Basic Mythicist Position § An Initial Rejoinder Early Mythicists § 1791 – Constantin François Volney ú all religions are at heart the same ú Christians invented variant on sun-god tradition (Krishna) § 1795 – Charles-François Dupuis ú a more influential work in the same vein ú Jesus a variant on sun-god theme § 1840-1877 – Bruno Bauer ú A New Testament scholar ú Gospel authors invented Jesus ú Christianity an amalgamation of Judaism and Roman Stoicism 1 Early Mythicists § 1900 – J. M. Robertson ú Jesus like fertility gods ú death and resurrection myths mimic nature cycles ú Jesus may have existed, but he was nothing like the dying-rising Christ that Christians made him § 1909 – Arthur Drews ú Jesus was not a real historical figure ú Lenin was convinced; myth theory popular in Soviet Union Current Mythicists § 2009 – Earl Doherty ú Jesus: Neither God nor Man (2009) • no historical Jesus worthy of the name existed • Christianity began with a belief in a spiritual, mythical figure • the Gospels are essentially allegory and fiction • no single identifiable person lay at the root of the Galilean preaching tradition § 2003-2011 – Robert Price ú The Incredible Shrinking Man: How Reliable Is the Gospel Tradition? (2003) ú The Christ-Myth Theory and Its Problems (2011) Current Mythicists § 2005 – Thomas L. Thompson ú The Messiah Myth: The Near Eastern Roots of Jesus and David (2005) • Hebrew Bible scholar and famous “minimalist” • King David and Jesus never existed • Christians invented savior figure from precedents and stories in Jewish scriptures § 2014 – Richard Carrier ú On the Historicity of Jesus: Why We Might Have Reason for Doubt (2014) 2 Current Mythicists A Variation on the Thesis Jesus existed, but he was not the founder of Christianity.
    [Show full text]
  • Questioning the Plausibility of Jesus Ahistoricity Theories—A Brief Pseudo-Bayesian Metacritique of the Sources
    Intermountain West Journal of Religious Studies Volume 6 Number 1 Spring 2015 Article 5 2015 Questioning the Plausibility of Jesus Ahistoricity Theories—A Brief Pseudo-Bayesian Metacritique of the Sources Raphael Lataster University of Sydney Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/imwjournal Recommended Citation Lataster, Raphael "Questioning the Plausibility of Jesus Ahistoricity Theories—A Brief Pseudo- Bayesian Metacritique of the Sources." Intermountain West Journal of Religious Studies 6, no. 1 (2015). https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/imwjournal/vol6/iss1/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Intermountain West Journal of Religious Studies by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 63 IMW Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 6:1 Raphael Lataster is a professionally secular PhD researcher at the University of Sydney (Studies in Religion) and teaches on religion at various institutions. His main research interests include Philosophy of Religion, Christian origins, logic, Bayesian reasoning, sustainability, and alternative god-concepts such as pantheism and pandeism. He is also an avid rock climber. Raphael Lataster: Questioning the Plausibility of Jesus Ahistoricity Theories 64 ‡ Questioning the Plausibility of Jesus Ahistoricity Theories—A Brief Pseudo-Bayesian Metacritique of the Sources1 ‡ There have been recent efforts to introduce Bayes’
    [Show full text]