Customs and Tariff
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United States Code: the Tariff Commission, 19 USC §§ 91-107
TITLE 19.-CUSTOM, 1 DUTIES § 123a station to another for duty may be allowed, within tihe discre- 96. Invcstigatios as to customs.-- Supersedecd.l tion and under written orders of the Secretary of the Treasury, This section mast5uperseded by I 1332 (a) of this title. the expenses incurred for packing, crating, freight, and dray- 97. Information to President and Congress.--[ SUplerseded.I age in the transfer of their household effects and other per- This section was superseded sonal property. (Mar. 4, 1923, c. 251, § 5, -12 Stat. 145; June by J 1332 (g) of this tillO. 17, 1930, c. 497, Title IV, § G-15(b), 46 Stat. 701.) 98. Investigating tnmiff relations with foreign countries.-- This section was in part repealed by 1 015 (b) of Act June 17, [Sulerseded. 1 1930, cited thereto, which read its follows: "So much of the Act This section was superseded by 1 1132 (b) of lihs titl. entitied 'An Act to provide the necessary organization of the Customs Service for an udequate administration and enforcement 100. Documents and copies for investigations; teltimony; of the Tariff Act of 1922 and all other customs revenue laws,' ip. compelling production of books or papers; freedom of wit- proved M[arch 4, 1923, as anitided, as limits the amount of house. nesses from prosecution.-[SUlitrsededI. hold effects and other personal property of customs officers nl employees for which expenses may be allowed upon transfer from This section wits suprsedeld hy 111313(a) itn (e) of this tlil, one oflehil station to another, is hereby retlied." and the auendatory set of Selpt. -
Jesus on Tithing 17
www.Tithing.com 1 CHAPTER INDEX PREFACE 3 INTRODUCTION 5 FIRST FRUITS 8 ABRAHAM & JACOB 11 JESUS ON TITHING 17 ETERNAL PRINCIPLE 21 THE MINIMUM STANDARD 29 THE LOCAL STOREHOUSE 33 THE BURDEN OF TITHING 38 GREATER GIVING 43 CLOSING THOUGHTS 51 www.Tithing.com 2 PREFACE The preface may be the most important portion to read in this whole book. This will define some terms and clear up some preconceived notions before we proceed to more controversial issues. If you do not believe the tithe is commanded, and are giving through freewill, Spirit-led giving, this resource is written in support of your view of giving; but if you read this only gaining support for the tithing debate, then you will have missed greater intentions that the Spirit of God has. If you support tithing (a minimum requirement of 10%), this resource is not written in total support of your view, but if you feel that this resource will make attempts to excuse selfishness, greed, and disobedience, then you will have missed the greater intentions of giving written here. The challenge for all is to gain knowledge and experience of the greater call and higher guilt led by the Holy Spirit. Whether you give beyond the tithe with limitless offerings, or you give freely, you already exercise the tool used to define "Spirit-led giving". This book will challenge you to give sacrificially. First, let’s explain and compare two types of givers. 1. Cheerful tither - They follow the examples in scripture about tithing, while cheerfully and willingly committing themselves to give a 10% minimum. -
Financial Transaction Taxes
FINANCIAL MM TRANSACTION TAXES: A tax on investors, taxpayers, and consumers Center for Capital Markets Competitiveness 1 FINANCIAL TRANSACTION TAXES: A tax on investors, taxpayers, and consumers James J. Angel, Ph.D., CFA Associate Professor of Finance Georgetown University [email protected] McDonough School of Business Hariri Building Washington, DC 20057 202-687-3765 Twitter: @GUFinProf The author gratefully acknowledges financial support for this project from the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. All opinions are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the Chamber or Georgetown University. 2 Financial Transaction Taxes: A tax on investors, taxpayers, and consumers FINANCIAL TRANSACTIN TAES: Table of Contents A tax on investors, taxpayers, and Executive Summary .........................................................................................4 consumers Introduction .....................................................................................................6 The direct tax burden .......................................................................................7 The indirect tax burden ....................................................................................8 The derivatives market and risk management .............................................. 14 Economic impact of an FTT ............................................................................17 The U.S. experience ..................................................................................... 23 International experience -
New Experimental Electricity Tariff Systems for Household End Use
Panel 2 - ID 54 - p1 Wols i n k New experimental electricity tariff systems for household end Use Ma a r ten Wol s i n k De p a r tment of Environmental Science, University of Amster da m Abstract A significant tool in Demand Side Management is the structure of tariffs. Price incentives can be directed at dif- ferent parts of the efficiency-concept: efficiency in capacity planning, efficiency in total electricity consumption, efficiency in total fossil fuel use, efficiency in total energy demand. The tariff system, which is currently used in the Netherlands, does not give proper price incentives for end-user efficiency. In particular total electricity demand is rather stimulated, which is somewhat dampened by the introduction of the eco-tax. In the Netherlands field experiments with tariff systems directed at influencing household electricity demand were carried out by five utilities. In the experiments differentiated tariff-variants were introduced, replacing the old tariff-system. The experiments included voluntary price differentiation, which introduced a free-rider prob- lem in combination with the chosen price levels. Furthermore remote-monitoring, feedback, special peak-pricing etc. were implemented in the experiments. Some interesting options, in particular those influencing total demand, were not implemented by utilities. The reasons for it should be categorized as ‘strategic’ and part of the utilities’ policy. 1. Reasons for tariff experimentation In 1989 the electricity sector in the Netherlands was reorganized. Part of it was the separation by law of produc- tion companies and distribution utilities. A series of changes in purchase-rates from producers in which flexibility and capacity-cost became more important urged utilities to pay more attention to load patterns. -
Country Update: Australia
www.pwc.com Country update: Australia Anthony Klein Partner, PwC Australia Liam Collins Partner, PwC Singapore Agenda 1. Economic and social challenges 2. Tax and politics 3. Recent developments 4. 2015 Federal Budget – key announcements 5. Regulatory environment – changes at the ATO 6. Q&A Global Tax Symposium – Asia 2015 PwC 2 Economic and social challenges Global Tax Symposium – Asia 2015 PwC 3 $ billion 10,000 12,000 14,000 ‐ 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 2,000 PwC Tax – Symposium Global 2015 Asia Economic outlook 0 Australia’s net debt levels, A$ billion net debt levels, Australia’s 2002‐03 2003‐04 2004‐05 2005‐06 2006‐07 2007‐08 2008‐09 2009‐10 2010‐11 2011‐12 2012‐13 2013‐14 2014‐15 2015‐16 Commonwealth 2016‐17 2017‐18 2018‐19 2019‐20 Current year 2020‐21 2021‐22 2022‐23 States 2023‐24 2024‐25 and 2025‐26 territories 2026‐27 2027‐28 2028‐29 2029‐30 2030‐31 Federation 2031‐32 2032‐33 2033‐34 2034‐35 2035‐36 2036‐37 2037‐38 2038‐39 2039‐40 2040‐41 2041‐42 2042‐43 2043‐44 2044‐45 2045‐46 2046‐47 2047‐48 2048‐49 2049‐50 4 Impact of iron ore prices and AUD 1980 to 2015 200.00 1.5000 180.00 1.3000 160.00 140.00 1.1000 120.00 0.9000 Iron Ore Price 100.00 AUD:USD 0.7000 80.00 60.00 0.5000 40.00 0.3000 20.00 0.00 0.1000 Global Tax Symposium – Asia 2015 PwC 5 Domestic challenges Domestic economy • Declining per capita income • Government spending previously underpinned by resources boom – now less affordable • As a consequence, deficits ‘as far as the eye can see’ • A Government short on political capital Demographic challenges • Ageing population -
Taxation of Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions
KPMG INTERNATIONAL Taxation of Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions Jersey kpmg.com 2 | Jersey: Taxation of Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions Jersey Introduction Recent developments Jersey is a dependency of the British Crown and benefits The EU Code of Conduct on Business Taxation Group from close ties to both the United Kingdom, being in the assessed Jersey’s zero/ten tax system in 2011. The same time zone and having a similar regulatory environment assessment found that the interaction of the zero percent and business culture, and Europe. With its long tradition of rate and the deemed dividend and full attribution provisions to political and economic stability, low-tax regime and economy be harmful. The dividend and attribution provisions sought to dominated by financial institutions, Jersey is an attractive assess Jersey resident individual shareholders on the profits location for investment. of Jersey companies subject to the zero percent rate. As a result of the assessment, legislation was passed to abolish The island has undertaken steps to counter its tax haven the deemed distribution and full attribution taxation provisions image in recent times. It was placed on the Organisation for for profits arising on or after 1 January 2012, thereby removing Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) white list the harmful element of the regime. The EU Code of Conduct in April 2009. In September 2009, the International Monetary on Business Taxation Group accepted Jersey’s position Fund issued a report in which it commented that financial and submitted to the EU’s Economic and Financial Affairs sector regulation and supervision are of a high standard and Council (ECOFIN) that Jersey had rolled back the harmful comply well with international standards. -
"Taxes in Europe" Database
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Research Papers in Economics "Taxes in Europe" database LIST OF MINOR TAXES (Revenue less than 0.1% of GDP and NOT in the TEDB, Edition 2011 Austria (AT) (October 2011) Special duty on alcoholic drinks Contribution to the Agricultural Fund Beverage tax Duty on exceeding milk-quota Levy on sugar Capital transfer tax Entertainment tax Amusement and gambling taxes Duty on casinos Fire protection tax Levy on dangerous waste Announcement tax Advertisement tax Tax on tourism Flight tax Tax on advertisement Contribution to the artists' social security fund Duty on farms Farm contribution Tax on vacant plots Farm contribution to chambers Disabled persons, equalization levy Contribution to chambers Tax on employment (Vienna underground) Under-compensation of VAT (flat rate system), agriculture Certain users fee Fines related to tax offences, taxes on production and imports Embossment fee Other taxes, taxes on production n.e.c. Stamp fees Other fees, taxes on production n.e.c. Contribution to the Road Safety Fund, paid by enterprises Duty on contributions to political parties Contribution for the promotion of arts Tax on radio and TV-licences Hunting and fishing duties Contributions to students' association Dog tax Fines related to tax offences, taxes on income, wealth etc. Other taxes Stamp fees Other fees Contribution to the Road Safety Fund, paid by households 1 Belgium (BE) (June 2011) Cotisation sur les produits pétroliers de chauffage (Fonds Chauffage) -
World Energy Perspectives Rules of Trade and Investment | 2016
World Energy Perspectives Rules of trade and investment | 2016 NON-TARIFF MEASURES: NEXT STEPS FOR CATALYSING THE LOW- CARBON ECONOMY ABOUT THE WORLD ENERGY COUNCIL The World Energy Council is the principal impartial network of energy leaders and practitioners promoting an affordable, stable and environmentally sensitive energy system for the greatest benefit of all. Formed in 1923, the Council is the UN- accredited global energy body, representing the entire energy spectrum, with over 3,000 member organisations in over 90 countries, drawn from governments, private and state corporations, academia, NGOs and energy stakeholders. We inform global, regional and national energy strategies by hosting high-level events including the World Energy Congress and publishing authoritative studies, and work through our extensive member network to facilitate the world’s energy policy dialogue. Further details at www.worldenergy.org and @WECouncil ABOUT THE WORLD ENERGY PERSPECTIVES – NON-TARIFF MEASURES: NEXT STEPS FOR CATALYSING THE LOW-CARBON ECONOMY The World Energy Perspective on Non-tariff Measures is the second report in a series looking at how an open global trade and investment regime concerning energy and environmental goods and services can foster the transition to a low-carbon economy. Building on the previous report on tariff barriers to environmental goods, this report highlights twelve significant non-tariff measures (NTMs) directly affecting the energy industry and investments in this sector. The World Energy Council has identified that these barriers greatly impact countries’ trilemma performance, the triple challenge of achieving secure, affordable and environmentally sustainable energy systems. Through this work, the Council seeks to inform policymakers as to what extent countries should address non-tariff measures to improve trade conditions, and eliminate unnecessary additional costs to trade, ultimately fostering national economic development. -
Spain's Stamp Duty Saga Settles with New Reform
Latham & Watkins Tax, Banking, and Real Estate Practices 4 December 2018 | Number 2414 Spain’s Stamp Duty Saga Settles With New Reform Lenders, not borrowers, become Stamp Duty taxpayers on mortgage loans under reform law. Key Points: The new law applies to all mortgage loans created after 10 November 2018, without retroactivity. Expenses derived from paying the Stamp Duty will not be tax-deductible by the lender for purposes of corporate income tax or non-resident income tax (for non-Spanish banks with a branch operating in the Spanish market). The reform may cause a repricing of loans currently under negotiation, and may lead banks to find ways to shift the cost to borrowers. Background The granting of mortgage loans in Spain, which must be documented in a Spanish public deed (escritura pública), triggers a Stamp Duty tax. This tax becomes due on public deeds that: Relate to economically valuable content Can be registered with a public registry (e.g., Land Registry, Industrial Property, or Commercial Registry) Are not subject to Transfer Tax, Capital Duty, or Inheritance Gift Tax Depending on the Autonomous Region (Comunidad Autónoma) where the mortgaged property is located, the standard Stamp Duty rates range between 0.5%-1.5% of the total liability secured by the mortgage (i.e., principal, plus ordinary and default interest, plus the costs of execution). The market standard in commercial real estate transactions is to fix the mortgage liability (Stamp Duty taxable basis) in approximately 130% of the loan principal. Article 68.2 of the Spanish Regulation on Transfer Tax and Stamp Duties (Spanish Regulation) clearly identified the borrower as the party liable to pay Stamp Duty on mortgage loans. -
Exorbitant Privilege and Exorbitant Duty∗
Exorbitant Privilege and Exorbitant Duty∗ Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas Hel´ ene` Rey Nicolas Govillot University of California at Berkeley London Business School Direction Gen´ erale´ du Tresor First dra: August 2010. is Version: October 25, 2017 Abstract We provide a quarterly time series of the historical evolution of US external assets and liabilities at market value on the 1952-2016 period. e center country of the International Monetary System enjoys an “exorbitant privilege”, a sizeable excess return of gross external assets over liabilities that signicantly weakens its external constraint. In exchange for this “exorbitant privilege” we document that the US provides insurance to the rest of the world, especially in times of global stress. We call this the “exorbitant duty” of the hegemon. During the 2007-2009 global nancial crisis, wealth transfers from the US to the rest of the world amounted to about 19% of US GDP. We present a stylized model that accounts for these facts and links the shrinking size of the hegemon in the world economy to the decline in the world real rate of interest. ∗We are very grateful to our discussants Jesus Fernandez Villaverde and Fabrizio Perri. We also thank Hanno Lustig and Adrien Verdelhan as well as 2017 NBER Summmer Institute participants for useful comments. Pierre- Olivier Gourinchas acknowledges nancial support from the International Growth Center grant RA-2009-11-002. Contact email: [email protected]´ ene` Rey is grateful for the funding of the European Research Council (grant number 695722). Email: [email protected] 1 Introduction Understanding the structure of the International Monetary System is an important task. -
Narrative Report on Panama
NARRATIVE REPORT ON PANAMA PART 1: NARRATIVE REPORT Rank: 15 of 133 Panama ranks 15th in the 2020 Financial Secrecy Index, with a high secrecy score of 72 but a small global scale weighting (0.22 per cent). How Secretive? 72 Coming within the top twenty ranking, Panama remains a jurisdiction of particular concern. Overview and background Moderately secretive 0 to 25 Long the recipient of drugs money from Latin America and with ample other sources of dirty money from the US and elsewhere, Panama is one of the oldest and best-known tax havens in the Americas. In recent years it has adopted a hard-line position as a jurisdiction that refuses to 25 to 50 cooperate with international transparency initiatives. In April 2016, in the biggest leak ever, 11.5 million documents from the Panama law firm Mossack Fonseca revealed the extent of Panama’s involvement in the secrecy business. The Panama Papers showed the 50 to 75 world what a few observers had long been saying: that the secrecy available in Panama makes it one of the world’s top money-laundering locations.1 Exceptionally 75 to 100 In The Sink, a book about tax havens, a US customs official is quoted as secretive saying: “The country is filled with dishonest lawyers, dishonest bankers, dishonest company formation agents and dishonest How big? 0.22% companies registered there by those dishonest lawyers so that they can deposit dirty money into their dishonest banks. The Free Trade Zone is the black hole through which Panama has become one of the filthiest money laundering sinks in the huge world.”2 Panama has over 350,000 secretive International Business Companies (IBCs) registered: the third largest number in the world after Hong Kong3 and the British Virgin Islands (BVI).4 Alongside incorporation of large IBCs, Panama is active in forming tax-evading foundations and trusts, insurance, and boat and shipping registration. -
HVPE Prospectus
MERRILL CORPORATION GTHOMAS// 1-NOV-07 23:00 DISK130:[07ZDA1.07ZDA48401]BA48401A.;44 mrll.fmt Free: 11DM/0D Foot: 0D/ 0D VJ J1:1Seq: 1 Clr: 0 DISK024:[PAGER.PSTYLES]UNIVERSAL.BST;67 8 C Cs: 17402 PROSPECTUS, DATED 2 NOVEMBER 2007 Global Offering of up to 40,000,000 Shares of 1NOV200718505053 This document describes related offerings of Class A ordinary shares (the ‘‘Shares’’) of HarbourVest Global Private Equity Limited (the ‘‘company’’), a closed-ended investment company organised under the laws of Guernsey. Our Shares are being offered (a) outside the United States, and (b) inside the United States in a private placement to certain qualified institutional buyers (‘‘QIBs’’) as defined in Rule 144A under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the ‘‘U.S. Securities Act’’), who are also qualified purchasers (‘‘qualified purchasers’’) as defined in the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the ‘‘U.S. Investment Company Act’’) (the ‘‘Global Offering’’). We intend to issue up to 40,000,000 Shares in the Global Offering. In addition, we intend separately to issue Shares to certain third parties in a private placement in exchange for either cash or limited partnership interests in various HarbourVest-managed funds (the ‘‘Directed Offering’’ and, together with the Global Offering, the ‘‘Offerings’’). We will not issue, in the aggregate, more than 85,000,000 Shares in the Offerings. The Shares carry limited voting rights. No public market currently exists for the Shares. We have applied for the admission to trading all of the Shares on Euronext Amsterdam by NYSE Euronext (‘‘Euronext Amsterdam’’), the regulated market of Euronext Amsterdam N.V.