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Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking CYS5120 - Malware Analysis Bahcesehir University Cyber Security Msc Program

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Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking CYS5120 - Malware Analysis Bahcesehir University Cyber Security Msc Program Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static Analysis Blocking Methods 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking CYS5120 - Malware Analysis Bahcesehir University Cyber Security Msc Program Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak 1 Mehmet Can Doslu 2 [email protected] [email protected] 2017-2018 Fall Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak & Mehmet Can Doslu 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static Analysis Blocking Methods Table of Contents 1 Code Analysis Packers & Unpacking Stack Operations Packer Anatomy Disassembler & Debugger Identifying Packed Programs IDA Pro Automated Unpacking The IDA Pro Interface Manual Unpacking Useful Windows for Analysis Anti-disassembly Lab Jump Instructions with the 2 Analyzing Malicious Windows Same Target Programs A Jump Instruction with a Introduction Constant Condition The Windows API Impossible Disassembly File System Functions The Function Pointer Problem Special Files Return Pointer Abuse The Windows Registry Misusing Structured Exception Networking APIs Handlers Lab Thwarting Stack-Frame 3 Static Analysis Blocking Methods Analysis Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak & Mehmet Can Doslu 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static Analysis Blocking Methods Table of Contents 1 Code Analysis Packers & Unpacking Stack Operations Packer Anatomy Disassembler & Debugger Identifying Packed Programs IDA Pro Automated Unpacking The IDA Pro Interface Manual Unpacking Useful Windows for Analysis Anti-disassembly Lab Jump Instructions with the 2 Analyzing Malicious Windows Same Target Programs A Jump Instruction with a Introduction Constant Condition The Windows API Impossible Disassembly File System Functions The Function Pointer Problem Special Files Return Pointer Abuse The Windows Registry Misusing Structured Exception Networking APIs Handlers Lab Thwarting Stack-Frame 3 Static Analysis Blocking Methods Analysis Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak & Mehmet Can Doslu 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static Analysis Blocking Methods Stack OperationsI Stack Operations I NOP does not take any action. Also, the command xhcg eax, eax does not take any action because it replaces eax with eax. I These types of commands are called No Operation or NOP for short. In some buffer overflow attacks, such cases can be observed to exhaust code memory. I Stack functions are structures that contain local variables and flow control. LIFO data input and output operations are performed. Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak & Mehmet Can Doslu 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static Analysis Blocking Methods Stack OperationsII I A new stack frame is created for each new function call. I Each function contains the return address as well as the parameters it uses in its stack frame. Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak & Mehmet Can Doslu 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static Analysis Blocking Methods Stack Operations III There are two sets of instructions that are used as the basis for writing or reading data in the stack. push 0xdeadbeef; Put value to stack pop eax; EAX value0xdeadbeef PUSH I Write a value to the ESP register. I Decrease the address value in the ESP register by the size of the operand. (The process is going forward) POP I Take the value at the top of the stack and copy the corresponding register. I Increase the address value in the ESP register by the size of the processed data. (The process is going back) Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak & Mehmet Can Doslu 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static Analysis Blocking Methods Disassembler & DebuggerI Disassembler I It is a program that converts the machine code into assembly language. They are usually written in high-level languages. I It is the most important tool of reverse engineering applications. They help make machine code readable. Debugger I It is a program that helps to find and reduce bugs in an applications. I They allow testing and debugging to be performed. I An instruction set runs the code on the simulator and the functioning of the program can be understood. They are also used in reverse engineering applications. Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak & Mehmet Can Doslu 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static Analysis Blocking Methods Disassembler & DebuggerII Debugger Tools I OllyDbg I Radare2 I GNU Debugger I WinDbg I IDA Pro Disassembler Tools I ODA (OnlineDisassembler) I IDA Pro I OllyDbg I Objdump, hexdump I PE Explorer Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak & Mehmet Can Doslu 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static Analysis Blocking Methods IDA ProI IDA Pro I The Interactive Disassembler Professional (IDA Pro) is an extremely powerful disassembler distributed by Hex-Rays. I It is the disassembler of choice for many malware analysts, reverse engineers, and vulnerability analysts. I ”IDA Pro” generates assembly source code from executable files. I Performs automatic code analysis. I Works on Windows, Linux, Mac OS X I Supports different processors (x86, x64, ARM, etc.) Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak & Mehmet Can Doslu 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static Analysis Blocking Methods IDA ProII I Some supported file formats I PE, COFF(Common Object File Format), ELF, Mach-O I Dalvik (Android bytecode) I Sony Playstation PSX I Plugin can be written using Python and IDC I Can generate C / C ++ code with HexRays plugin Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak & Mehmet Can Doslu 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static Analysis Blocking Methods IDA Pro III Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak & Mehmet Can Doslu 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static Analysis Blocking Methods IDA ProIV Steps I When an executable file is opened in IDA Pro application, IDA Pro analyzes this file and architecture. I When the file is opened, it is first formatted as a raw binary directory. I This feature may include information such as whether there is a Shell script in the code, encryption parameters, etc., and it is very useful for malware analysis. Actions I Detection of functions I Stack Analysis I Local variable identification I Viewing Text Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak & Mehmet Can Doslu 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static Analysis Blocking Methods IDA ProV FLIRT IDA Pro includes extensive code signatures within its Fast Library Identification and Recognition Technology (FLIRT), which allows it to recognize and label a disassembled function, especially library code added by a compiler. I IDA Pro is meant to be interactive, and all aspects of its disassembly process can be modified, manipulated, rearranged, or redefined. One of the best aspects of IDA Pro is its ability to save your analysis progress: I You can add comments, label data, and name functions, and then save your work in an IDA Pro database (known as an idb) to return to later. I IDA Pro also has robust support for plug-ins, so you can write your own extensions or leverage the work of others. Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak & Mehmet Can Doslu 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static Analysis Blocking Methods The IDA Pro InterfaceI Disassembly Window Modes I You can display the disassembly window in one of two modes: graph and text. I To switch between modes, press the spacebar. Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak & Mehmet Can Doslu 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static Analysis Blocking Methods The IDA Pro InterfaceII Graph Mode I In graph mode, IDA Pro excludes certain information that we recommend you display, such as line numbers and operation codes I The color and direction of the arrows help show the program’s flow during analysis I The arrow’s color tells you whether the path is based on a particular decision having been made: I red if a conditional jump is not taken, I green if the jump is taken, I blue for an unconditional jump. Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak & Mehmet Can Doslu 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static Analysis Blocking Methods The IDA Pro Interface III Text Mode I The text mode of the disassembly window is a more traditional view. I If you are still learning assembly code, you should find the auto comments feature of IDA Pro useful. To turn on this feature, select Options General, and then check the Auto comments checkbox. This adds additional comments throughout the disassembly window to aid your analysis. Dr. Ferhat Ozgur Catak & Mehmet Can Doslu 04 - Code Analysis & Windows Malware Analysis & Static Analysis Blocking Code Analysis Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Static
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