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11-17-1978 Montana Kaimin, November 17, 1978 Associated Students of the University of Montana

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Recommended Citation Associated Students of the University of Montana, "Montana Kaimin, November 17, 1978" (1978). Montana Kaimin, 1898-present. 6771. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/studentnewspaper/6771

This Newspaper is brought to you for free and open access by the Associated Students of the University of Montana (ASUM) at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Montana Kaimin, 1898-present by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Selection of new student lobbyist questioned By DAVE CATES "But I would hate to be in his posi­ Johnson two weeks ago from five "There is no time in a 90-day son, a member of the ASUM Leg­ Montana Kalmin Reporter tion of walking into the Legis­ final applicants. Johnson was ap­ session to learn the personalities islative Committee which will lature without experience in Mon­ proved by a vote of 10-4. Duffy, of the Legislature," Nelson con­ select and pay the UM lobbyist, A University of Montana tana politics.” Gray and representatives from tended. said the UM representative will be representative on the Montana Johnson was a lobbyist for both Northern Montana and Mon­ This weekend the steering com­ working with Johnson much of the Student Lobby Steering Com­ Oregon State University at the tana Tech voted against him. mittee will meet in Boulder to es­ time, but will not be confined to mittee and a former student lob­ Oregon Legislature last year. Duffy said of Johnson, “He is an tablish lobbying priorities for the advocating only priorities agreed byist have questioned the selec­ "I hope that the effect (of having effective man. He is a persuasive coming legislative session. upon by the steering committee. tion of thte new Montana student an out-of-state lobbyist) if man. But it's just that he is not from The committee’s directives will Duffy, who will also be involved lobbyist. negative, is minimal," Duffy said. Montana.” form basic policy for Johnson to in choosing UM's lobbyist, said. follow while lobbying. Each com­ "Despite his abilities," said The steering committee, Duffy Nelson said he has never met "We don't want that person to be mittee directive must be passed by Patrick Duffy, chairman of the said, will have to spend a lot of time Johnson, but has reviewed all the under the umbrella" of the steering a two-thirds vote. ASUM Legislative Committee and making sure Johnson meets the applicants' resumes and Johnson committee and the Montana Stu­ Duffy said adequate funding for a member of the steering com­ legislators he needs to know and was not the only one with legis­ dent Lobby. the state university system should mittee, "the fact that he is from getting Johnson "acclimated to lative experience. Duffy said the choice of John­ be a top priority. In addition, he Oregon may be an insurmount­ Montana politics." "There were some very well son as the Montana student lob­ mentioned legislation to protect able problem." qualified people from inside Mon­ byist has not changed the strat­ The steering committee is made tana,” he said. the "unique and relatively clean” egy the UM lobbyist will follow. The new student lobbyist is up of three student represen­ Nelson said he is concerned that environment in Montana. The deadline for applying for the Curtis Johnson, Montana State tatives each from UM and MSU, Johnson will not be able to learn Duffy also said he would like to UM lobbyist job is Nov. 28. Any UM University graduate student in and two representatives from each enough about the Legislature here see a bill making the employer and student may apply for the position public administration who moved of the state colleges. to be effective. Nelson said he is salary of every lobbyist in Helena which pays $1,000 for the session. to Montana this fall. Duffy, ASUM President Garth sure the Oregon Legislature Is not part of the public record. Jacobson said the ASUM Leg­ “I hope he is successful for the Jacobson and ASUM Vice Presi­ much different from Montana’s in In addition to Johnson, who will islative Committee will screen ap­ lobby's sake and the students' dent Jeff Gray are the UM rep­ its structure and workings, but, he represent all university units In his plicants and that he, Duffy and sake,” Bruce Nelson, the 1975 resentatives on the committee. pointed out, the personalities will lobbying efforts, UM will send its Gray will probably make the final student lobbyist, said yesterday. Duffy said the committee picked be different. own lobbyist to Helena. Jacob­ selection. MONTANA Hunger attributed to ‘insulation’ from facts about world starvation By LAUREL STEWART Borgmann, UM professor of “Tobacco products,” he added, KAIMIN Montana Kalmin Raportar philosophy. "are the major components of the World hunger is unavoidably a U. S. Food for Peace program.” Friday, November 17,1978 Missoula, Mont. Vol. 81, No. 30 political issue, Reed said, and World hunger can be attributed In a later phone interview, Reed added it is perpetuated by the to reasons of political and said the Food for Peace program is possibilities for profit presented by economic expediency, an inap­ one of about 20 government extreme disparities in wealth propriate structure underlying organizations established “in the among different countries. food production and markets, and name of emergency relief" for Power line sliced; "There’sa lot of profit to be made the "insulation" of those in affluent countries that cannot afford to buy in starvation," he said. countries from the facts of world commodities in regular world starvation, panelists said in a noon Using copper mining as an markets. He said food is often sold blackout follows forum at the University of Montana example, Reed explained that under these programs, adding “it is copper’ could be mined in a only given away when it’s By VICTOR RODRIGUEZ was digging a new sewer line when yesterday. number of different places in the profitable” in terms of increasing Montana Kalmin Raportar the shovel blade struck a 3,300-volt The forum, attended by about 60 United States and Africa. He said market prices for certain goods. power line and caused the explo­ people in the University Center mining companies, in search of the Reed criticized the government A small explosion followed by a sion, Floyd Castinguay, electrical Mall, was presented by local coor­ cheapest possible labor, pay low for engaging in economic power outage struck the foreman at the University of Mon­ dinators of the national Fast for a wages in undeveloped countries manipulation under the guise of southeastern corner of campus tana Physical Plant, said. World Harvest. Participants in the and curb any pressure for higher philanthropy. yesterday afternoon when a The electrical blast, which trig­ forum were: Dan Newman, manag­ wages by threatening to move “We have been led to believe a backhoe shovel severed a main gered the blackout on the south ing director of the Institute of mining operations out of the variety of myths,” he explained. power line near the Science Com­ end of campus that lasted about 20 Appropriate Technology in Helm- country. He added that similar “That the United States is good, plex. minutes, sent construction ville; Fred Reed, UM assistant threats are used against striking that it is kind, that it is generous, A backhoe operated by an workers and students running for professor of sociology: and Albert miners in the United States. that it is the center of the universe employee of 4-G Plumbing and cover. and that we and our friends are Heating, Inc., 1515 Wyoming St., • Cont. on p. 5. Reed also, said there are often economic motives behind U.S. really the only world there is.” shipments of food to undeveloped Borgmann also criticized the Rape forum countries. He explained that if it lack of understanding in the Un­ appears the price of an agricultural ited States of the problems of The university community is invited to speak out about prdduct, such as soybeans or • Cont. on p. 5. rape at a forum in the Univer­ wheat, is about to drop, the sity Center Mall at noon government often gives large Monday. The forum is spon­ quantities of'the product to needy c------^ What is It like to be caught sored by Women’s Place and countries in order to reduce supplies on the U.S. market and on a drug charge and spend the Women's Resource Cen­ two months at Warm ter. There will also be a drive local prices up. “The farmer in Montana benefits Springs? Read the Montana demonstration on self-de­ Review, beginning on p. 7. fense. from starvation in the Upper Volta,” he said. V .______J Mime troupe to give free shows

By DIANE HADELLA don't even know what we'll do The troupe originated five and a Montana Kalmin Raportar next," band member Gregg Moore half years ago in Salt Lake City said. when 16 modern dance majors at The Great Salt Lake Mime The performance, Moore said, is the University of Utah decided to Troupe will give free performances one continuous routine with no set form a troupe. for University of Montana students structure, but spontaneous rou­ The number of members at noon today in the University tines one after the other. changes every year, and while the Center mall and at 8 p.m. tonight in He explained that the troupe has troupe currently has four the UC Ballroom. developed a style all its own by members, it has had as few as Admission tonight for the breaking rules of mime and dance three. general public is $3.00. set up by other people. During the past three years The troupe includes four per­ For example, he said, while touring has become a way of life formers and four band members. traditional mimes are not allowed for the troupe which has com­ The band, Available Jelly, accom­ to speak, the performers in this pleted three U.S. and European panies the performers with folk troupe occasionally do. tours and one in Australia. music, jazz and improvisations. The performers never know In addition to annual The troupe employs music, what music the band will play appearances at the Festival of words, singing, sound effects, because of the Improvised format, Fools in Amsterdam, the troupe clowning, pantomime and dance he said. has performed in England, in its routines, which are im­ The show also involves the Scotland, France, Switzerland, provised with very little audience. At times members of the Germany, Sweden and FRED REED, UM assistant professor of sociology, speaks at yesterday’s choreography. audience actually find them­ Yugoslavia. American tours have noon forum presented by local coordinators of the national Fast for a “The audience doesn’t* know selves participating in the included New England, the South, World Harvest. (Staff photo by William Cook.) what we’re going to do and we performance. the Midwest and the West Coast. have helped make the community aware heat of a pickup game will go off the ’’edge’’ Perhaps the university should try them No more lights that rape really can happen. I hope that of our new floor, break an ankle and, of publicly to decide whether they should be Editor: The University of Montana has brutal fact will encourage more people to course, sue. That is if they’ll let us common allowed to stay here. finally discovered rape. It's been occurring become informed about rape and the folk play on it. But then who is the university in the city, in the county and on campus for efforts being made to discourage rape. for anyway? Dexter M. Roberts years without being discussed. According Safer neighborhoods can be created by But, lest we forget the cuts in staff, work associate professor, English to Women's Place, 19 rapes or attempted installing street lights and by organizing study, club sports and innumerable other rapes were reported to police in Missoula and participating in safety-oriented setbacks, something had to be done about MMVANA County in 1977. The rape crisis line, neighborhood groups. One such group is that “old" floor. It was working far too well. operated by Women’s Place, received 35 now operating. Little things such as carry­ calls from rape victims last year. And if you ing a whistle, or mace (and knowing how to Jim Traub consider the conservative estimate by the use it,) might help deter rape. Other things, junior, geology FBI that only one of every ten rapes are ever ranging from self-defense to common pauldriscoll...... e d ito r reported, that's a hell of a lot of rapes in sense, can also be useful. Wondering robin bulman m anaging editor kathy ry a n ...... b u siness m a n a g e r Missoula County. Rape prevention is important, but so is Editor: I wonder if the alleged rapists of the b o b v e rd o n ...... senior editor Being aware of the possibility of rape on knowing what to do in the event of rape. University-of Montana student had been susan wenger...... senior editor campus is a step toward confronting the Males as well as females should know the d a n b l a h a ...... newseditor Native American whether they would be leslie womack . newseditor problem. But, as was exhibited by the front options and services available for rape Care. walking outside jail today! frank boyett associate editor page article Wednesday on the "Rape Even if you may not be the victim, your jim tracy ...... a s so ciate ed ito r effle marcos sertls ...... fine arts editor Speak Out" forum, some women have failed friend may be. Josef Lemire deb mckinney .. montana review editor to grasp the immediate problem on cam­ Contact the Women’s Resource Center in graduate, 1972 g a ry w ie n a ...... sports editor pus. Janice Belhumeur stated that this the University Center and the Woman’s a m halv e ra o n . . . p hotographer Public trial b ill c o o k ...... photographer campus needed an escort service and Place in the First Federal Building on judy casanova ...... c o p y e d ito r better outdoor lighting. An escort service is Higgins Avenue for information. Among Editor: The men who raped, beat and Stephanie lindsay ...... c o p y e d ito r an excellent idea, but why the extra other things, the Woman’s Place has Jllleichhorn ...... c o p y e d ito r abandoned a young woman here recently a lan Johnson ...... c o p y e d ito r lighting? Couldn't the money that would be counseling services and a 24-hour number, should be brought to court and put on trial clairjohnson .... c o p y e d ito r spent on lamp posts be better spent by 543-7606. Mary Anne Donovan, 243-5682 or for what they did. The Missoula public hiring more security personnel? 728-5340, can help with neighborhood deserves better than to live in a society Published every Tuesday. Wednesday, Thursday and Friday of the school year by the Associated Students of the University of organization. threatened by the terror of violence. I'm Montana. The School of Journalism uses the Montana Kaimin lor I urge all to exchange ignorance for practice courses but assumes no responsibility and exercises no sure all real men around here agree. control over policy or content. The opinions expressed on the understanding of rape and its degradation. The problem is, it would do them no good editorial page do not necessarily reflect the view of ASUM, the I urge aH who can attend the Rape Speak state or the university administration. Subscription rates: $5 a to go to jail, which only hardens overly- quarter, $13 per School year. Entered as second class material at Out forum Monday at noon in the UC Mall. I aggressive men into criminals permanent­ Missoula, Montana 59812. „ also urge the Kaimin not to forget rape once ly- All material copyright ® 1978 by the Montana Kaimin. In that same article, Judy Smith ex­ the dirt has settled. pressed her concern that the security guard did not provide enough attention to the UM J. R. Baker student who was allegedly raped. Hell, he sophomore, history didn’t stay very long because he was probably the only man on duty for that shift! UM President Richard Bowers must be Floor too good informed that security is inadequate. No Editor: Progress strikes again! extra money was allocated to the security Our field house which did contain a nice, department during budgeting. If you feel flat, consistent surface to run and play on unsafe on this campus, tell Bowers that one was obviously working too well. So the officer driving a patrol car and checking athletic department looked around, locked buildings is not an adequate securi­ scratched its collective head and decided ty force. But please, please, don’t suggest that this was too much—something had to that we spend money to impart a neon glow be done. The obvious solution—spend to the already Dutch-elm diseased oval. $40,000 and put down a wooden floor riddled with hollow spots and decorated Steve Grayson with some fancy designs!!! Ahh, much junior, journalism/biology better. Not only does it not work as well as the old floor, they managed to cut the effective playing area, which was small to Learn about rape begin with, cut off part of the track and Editor: I applaud the Montana Kaimin's create a hazard all at the same time!!! Bradley/Rodriguez investigative team’s Someone must be decorated for this stroke seemingly impressive job on the current of genius. Of course Murphy's Law will rape controversy. Bradley and Rodriguez soon take effect as I'm sure someone in the W e’re very sorry

The 10-year university six-mill levy colleges at the expense of Missoula's likely remain so. Witness the proposed last year’s faculty cutbacks and was passed overwhelmingly in last week’s and Bozeman's share of the cheese. A name change to the University of designed to skirt any part of the election. The county-by-county nasty political battle ensued involving Montana at Billings. Legislature’s notorious student- breakdowns of the results have yet to the governor, the attorney general, the But this is all yet to be seen. The end faculty ratio. become available to the Kaimin — to be secretary of state, the college of the tale of 1948? Then-attorney Dig it. Ditch the 18-to-24-year-old sure, they lie idle at this moment in the presidents and even percolated so far general and member of the Board of age group and get some maturity on Associated Press offices in Helena — down the bureaucracy as to affect the Examiners Arnold Olsen (later this campus, attract the community. A but it seems fairly certain that every Montana Kaimin. Western District Congressman and few courses should be available Winter county in the state carried the issue. It’s water under the bridge now, but it now a Butte District Court judge) Quarter through the Center for Thirty years ago the six-mill levy also is as turbid today as it was then. Should successfully overrode the Board of Continuing Education. Join up. You passed overwhelmingly. But the the allocation of funds for higher Education’s decision. Olsen reportedly might learn something. support for the issue in that election education be subject to political said at the time that he “felt sorry for was much more parochial; eight whims? The struggle of today’s Board that little school up in Havre.” • counties failed to support the tax and It has been said that good satire isn’t of Regents against the grand body many others turned out only marginal • good satire unless at least 40 percent politic suggests not — but only half­ An interesting new academic support. This had its consequences. In of the people don’t understand it as heartedly. concept is taking hold at UM: the 1949, $5 million generated from the satire. Wednesday’s editorial, entitled, Last Tuesday’s vote is indicative of Credit Option Program Experiment. levy was allocated to the various units “Bagels, activism and revelation” was many things. Improved communica­ Conceived last year by sociology by the old State Board of Education. good satire. Contrary to popular belief, tions and means of travel make the department faculty affiliate Larry But the State Board of Examiners author Victor Rodriguez did not University of Montana much more Dodge, the program offers alternative differed with the Board of Education boycott Mammyth bagels at Freddy’s accessible today to the high school curriculum financed directly by over the dispersal of funds: allocation Feed and Read. Nor did he write letters, senior in Fallon County than was the participating students. The cost of of Revenue should more closely reflect initiate petitions or make phone calls case in 1948. By the same token, a each class offered is absorbed directly voter patterns, that is. areas of the state demanding audiences with the heads resident of Stevensville can take by the students. Should a student wish that heavily supported the levy should of Mammyth. Rodriguez did not advantage of the political and social to get credit for the course, an receive a proportionate share of the protest in the rain outside the general shelter that Eastern Montana College additional fee is added to handle the money. offices of Mammyth singing Hava affords much easier than in the post- bookwork. The system is clean, simple Naguila. In fact, it is doubtful he even Now, in that election the eastern World War II era. This is not to say and academically pure — the cost of knows the words to the song. counties, particularly those along the parochialism is dead and the state has each class is negotiated directly The Kaimin apologizes to those Hi Line, gave the levy landslide attained the Utopia of the Big Sky between the students and the involved or offended by this not-so- approval. The Board of Examiners Community. It isn't and hasn’t; the six- professor teaching it, not the obviously humorous editorial. reallocated the revenue heavily unit university system is cannibalistic bureaucracy. favoring the Billings and Havre as hell, as one legislator put it, and will The plan originally was a response to Paul Driscoll Lame-duck member says. ‘It’s up to students’ Transit board has free bus service proposal

A plan whereby University of the ballot. The ineligible candidate kinds of promises, he said. system available to the on and off. What the militant group Montana students could ride received 288 votes, which His greatest problems on the handicapped. does not understand, he said, is Missoula city buses free of charge, was a greater number than the board, McGinley said, had to do McGinley acknowledged that that Missoula receives no federal provided that the university margin of victory between with the organization of the drivers cities receiving federal grant operating funds because it does contributes to the system’s Patterson and Vandiver. McGinley and mechanics by the Teamsters money for public transportation not meet the federal standards of a funding, is "very possible," said that since he lost by more union and what he called "the E systems must equip 50 percent of metropolitan area, having less according to Tom McGinley, than 1,000 votes, it really didn’t and H problem,’’—the elderly and their vehicles with lifts and other than 50,000 persons living within member of the Missoula Transit affect his circumstances, but if handicapped. devies. to enable handicapped the city limits at the time of the Board. another election is held he could Because negotiations with , the persons to get their wheelchairs 1970 densus. McGinley told a UM journalism conceivably win. Teamsters are going on now,, he class Tuesday-that similar plans said, he was not at liberty to talk have been implemented in other Election Challenge? about the problem beyond saying Anaconda given license cities. If a university contributes a McGinley said any voter can it has been difficult to run bus certain amount of student activity challenge the election, but said the service to Community Hospital money to a bus system, students law is unclear as to how to handle when the drivers will not cross the to continue air pollution ride the bus free. another. He said County Attorney picket lines of LPNs who have HELENA (AP) — The State Board of Health and Environmen­ But McGinisy said, if i3m Robert Deschamps III will make a been on strike since May. tal Sciences has given the Anaconda Co. another one-year ruling on the matter within the next students are interested in the idea, license to pollute the air around its smelter in Anaconda, Mont., “it's up to the students to come to few days, and explained that this with poisonous sulfur dioxide. us." He suggested that Central ruling will have a great effect on ‘E and H' Problem The board approved yesterday a renewal of a variance from Board organize a proposal and whether the election will stand as As for the elderly and sulfur dioxide standards. present it to the board, because is. handicapped, McGinley said, But the board conditioned that renewal on a demonstration by those working at the bus line "My best guess is that the "They want things handed to them the copper company that it is making progress toward already have plenty of work to do election will stand,” McGinley on a silver platter and we're not in a compliance with a new sulfur dioxide control plan which the without taking on more. “It’s not said. position to do that.” Board of Health also adopted yesterday. the function of the board” to McGinley indicated that They want a demand-response The new control plan was mandated by the federal govern­ organize the plan, he said. Patterson and White may not work system, he said, a system whereby ment which agreed to back off enforcement of its own plan if the McGinley, and Richard Vandiver as well together as he and they can call for a ride, be picked state would adopt one substantially the same. The new plan now are both lame-duck board Vandiver have, since he said that up at their doors and dropped off becomes part of a revised overall state air quality implementa­ in front of their destinations. members after being defeated by Patterson is a “cost-conscious tion plan. Cynthia White and George conservative," and White is "quite "That's what they need, Gail Bissell and Natalie Walsh, biology graduate students Patterson. However, the election liberal." obviously," he said, "so they can from the University of Montana who said they conducted studies was not handled properly, and He said one reason he and gain mobility.” But, he explained, for the U.S. Forest Service near Anaconda last summer, testified there is a slim chance that Vandiver may have been defeated it would be "impossible” to that plant, animal and human life in the vicinity of the smelter is McGinley and Vandiver will retain is because Patterson and White incorporate those needs in the being severely harmed by highly toxic sulfur emissions. their seats. made campaign promises that he present system. He added that a They urged the board not to grant another variance, but to The election controversy and Vandiver knew the buget "militant faction” of the group has impose fines or other incentives to force the Anaconda Co. to centered around the presence of would not allow. As a result, he just announced it intends to sue speed up control measures. an ineligible candidate's name on and Vandiver did not make those the board for not making the bus

Applications for DISCO 2 3 1 NX/. ffcO M T , MI^IOULA, MONTANA LESSONS

KAIMIN BUSINESS 8:30 MANAGER to

OPENS WINTER QTR. 10:00 Monday are available Nights in UC 105 Friday INTERGALACTIC AMOEBA Deadline with Phil Hamilton & Paul Kelly Dec. 1 Saturday p0QR MONROE Downtown at Lastl The best In traditional bluegrass. The people 4n our ski repair shop take a great deal of care in servicing your skis and equip­ ment. When your equipment needs repair, l VETERANS put it in our hands. NOW’s the time to cash In on your experience. ARMY ROTC has a special program for you! T LEARN and EARN N ASK ABOUT OUR BENEFITS O LT. JOHN J. GILLIAM w W 2 4 3 - 2 6 8 1 m 501 South Higgina MEN’S GYM ROOM 104 Across the bridge from downtown 543-6966 Dean establishes WE BUY advising period Theater Mathematics colloquium, “On The University of Montana Today: “Scapino," 8 p.m., Main Using the Analog Computer to College of Arts and Sciences is Hall Theater. BETTER USED Illustrate Mathematics,” 3 p.m., strongly advising students to con­ Math 109, preceded by coffee in sult their faculty advisers between Films on Campus Math 206. Nov. 15 and Dec. 1 about winter ALBUMS & TAPES Saturday: "Deliverance,” 7 and Monday: Model UN Conference, quarter schedules, according to 9:30 p.m., Copper Commons, free. 9 a m., UC Ballroom and Montana William Feyerharm, associate “Judge Roy Bean,” 9 p.m.; UC As the largest dealer in used albums and tapes Rooms. Lunch, noon. Gold Oak dean of the college. in Western Montana we are in constant need of Ballroom, free. East; banquet, 6:30 p.m., Gold Oak East. Feyerharm said in an interview better albums, cassettes, and 8 tracks. So if you Music Thursday that previously there has not been a time "singled out”'for have any you are tired of listening to, please Today: “Great Salt Lake Mime Meetings Troupe," jazz and mime, 8 p.m., UC Saturday: Eckankar meeting, 3 advising. In the past, he explained, stop by and have us make an offer, or if you are Ballroom, free. p.m., UC Montana Rooms. students tried to meet with their Monday: Rape Speakout, noon, advisers during registration, which looking for those hard to find titles, see us. We Concert, Jose Feliciano and did not provide enough time for a Nina Kahle, .9 p.m., University UC Mall; Walk Without Fear for UM may just have the copy in stock and best of all, women, 7 p.m., starting attheOval. "meaningful conversation" Theater. between students and advisers. our guarantee is unconditional on all used Saturday: Narnia Coffeehouse, 9 Quitters club for beginners and experts, 7 p.m., Central Christian *He said the result was that items sold. p.m., basement of the Ark, 538 University Ave. Church, 345 S. 5th W. Call Debbie faculty just “signed cards and I at 728-0066 or Cathy at 721-2140 think the students resented that.” for information. “When I came here two years MEMORY BANKE ago,” Feyerham said, "both students and faculty complained Conferences 140 EAST BROADWAY about the advising system." Today: Fleet Management Work MISSOULA Group, 8 a.m., UC Montana Students were not getting the Rooms. information needed to fulfill Montana Deans and Housing graduation requirements, he said, Directors; breakfast, 8 a.m.; con­ and faculty complained that they weren't having enough contact FRIDAY & SATURDAY AT MIDNIGHT! ference, 9 a.m.; luncheon, noon, Sunday: Viola Recital, 8 p.m., UC Montana Rooms. with their students. Music Recital Hall; Bernard He said this two-week advising It’s the WILDEST McWilliams, viola, Constance period should prevent students Speake, piano, William Manning, Miscellaneous SEXIEST, ZANIEST from being "caught-up short" clarinet. Saturday: Mr. Big Sky open and graduation time. TURJSLON OF ALL! Mr. Montana physique contest, Workshops and Seminars with guest poser Pete Faculty can help direct students Today: Marketing Workshop, 8 Gramkowski, 8 p.m., University toward career opportunities, write a.m., UC Montana Rooms. Theater. letters of recommendation and "...An outrageous, sexy, SRA Distar Workshop, 9 a.m., Sunday: Poetry-Fiction series, 8 assist students in academic topsy-turvy comedy. problems, he added. A Laugh Riot! Leave the UC Montana Rooms. p.m., UC Lounge. kids at home!!" - M O V IE T A L K R E V U E S If students are in doubt about who their advisers are, he said, they should see the secretary of the department in which they are enrolled. He said new course schedules will be out by Nov..15.

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For th e FIRST TIME in STEREOPHONIC SOUND south loop line, but we switched on people who are starving.” Blackout... the power from the standby north Newman criticized the structure • Cont. from p. 1. line." of modern agricultural production No injuries were reported. Castinguay said the shovel and recommended a return to a According to Castinguay, the blade cut into a lead sheath cable system that "would allow power line was "supposed to be and caused three wires to mesh, agricultural production as a part of two or three feet deeper than it creating a "hot line" effect — a po­ the family unit." was." He added that the company tentially dangerous heat-up of the He criticized what he called the had “checked out" the under­ power line which was avoided, he "long loop" currently in favor in ground architectural layout at the said, when a fuse device and food production, a process he said physical plant before digging the aluminum jumper wires on a involves the importation of fuels to hole. nearby cable pole burned out. operate machinery to process food “They (4G Plumbing and “You have to have a weak point “of dubious nutrients" that will be Heating, Inc.) were just doing their somewhere along the line to catch exported or shipped across the job,” he said. the overload," Castinguay said. country. "Nobody told us a fucking “There was no danger to the “The short loop is the ap­ thing," an angry 4G employee mut­ (backhoe) operator because he propriate one,” he said, explaining tered, still shaking from the ex­ was sitting on rubber tires. He was that this involves "the shortest perience several minutes after the The ultimate in sight and sound probably the best insulated man in distance between the hand, the lh Leopold Stokowski and the Philadelphia Orches blast. the group.” land and the mouth." TOCCATA & FUGUE THE NUTCRACKER “We may have hit a gas line. . . I IN D MINOR SUITE Castinguay said UM electricians Reed later noted the importance don’t know what it is,” another RITE OF SPRING THE PASTORAL Af EVENING 1 with the assistance of a special of spreading technology for food SYMPHONY m worker said. ICE OF THE HOURS W 7:00—9:15 1 crew from Montana Power Co. will storage to undeveloped countries, NIGHT ON Mf, 4G Plumbing employees at the iAT.-SUN. MATINEE! repair the power line sometime this explaining that about 50 percent of AVE MARIA BALD MOUNTAIN P scene hesitated to comment 12:00—2:15 J morning. all food grown in Africa is THE SORCERER’S APPRENTICE k 4:45 further until a UM Physical Plant A destroyed by insects and rodents. O Walt Danry Produc electrician could be reached to Hunger... Rev. Gayle Sandholm, a local inspect the damage. • Cont. from p. 1. coordinator of the Fast for a World “I went down there with two of world hunger. Harvest observance, said 1,010 UM my electricians,” Castinguay said. “We are totally insulated from students had signed up at the Food "The explosion knocked out the MANN THEATRES what it means to be hungry," he Service for the fast. The cost of the EVENING 6:30-9:00 said. forfeited meals, along with other MANN TRIPLEX SAT.-SUN. MATINEES Reporter resumes ___ 3601 BROOKS____ He said even the negative donations to the fast, will be 1:30-4:00 due at Kaimin physical responses to fasting — divided equally between Oxfam- what he called “small twinges of American, national sponsors of the Resumes and applications for fear" in the body— could “make us fast, and Missoula's Poverello two legislative reporter positions sensible to the feelings of other Center. are due in the Kaimin offices today at 5 p.m. The Kaimin encourages ASUM Performing Art Series interested students, whether journalism majors or not, to apply. presents For more information, call Paul Driscoll, editor, at 243-6541. GREAT SALT LAKE TROUPE AND THE AVAILABLE JELLY

223 W FRONT 549 MB______TRY THE SHACK FOR BREAKFAST TONIGHT UC Ballroom EVENINGS 6:00-9:00 Saturday or Sunday MANN TRIPLEXl E X l MATINEES SAT.-SUN GO!3501 BROOKS Omlettes, Trout 8:00 p.m. 54 9 9 1 55 i—J 1:15-4:15 Home-style Hashbrowns and Much More Free to Students The only thing that could follow “Murder” is “Death.” First, AGATHA CHRISTIE’S “MURDER ON THE ORIENT EXPRESS” \ Now,“DEATH ON THE NILE.” “ It’s a majestic motion picture accomplishment, a film of crushing power and magnitude.” - Rex Reed. flQflTHfl CHRISTIES DEdTlMNILE

MANN THEATRESTH EVENINGS 7:00-9:45 1755MANN TRIPLEX t , ■ * 363601 U 00IIS SAT.-SUN. MATINEES 549 9755 1:45—4:30

Irene Papas in Michael Cacoyannis’s IPHIGENIA With Tatiana Papamoskou Music by Mlkis Theodorakls From Cinema 5 in Color

iwatM i —MONTANA FRIDAY & SATURDAY 515 SOUTH HIGGINS PREMIERE— SHOWS AT 7:00 & 9:15 lot) and found COLD in the car. Sorry. There are many others who HELP! NEED ride to Great Fails. Wed.. Nov. 22. Will HITACHI AM-FM car radio—$100.543-3054. 26-5 FREE ROOM in a nice house with fireplace 2 blocks wish to be in your place and wouldn't pass out. pay gas. Karen. 721-4649.______29-4 SOUNDESfGN AM-FM receiver. 8-track recorder, from the University In exchange for maintaining a LOST CRAFTSMEN tool box with tools in parking 30-1 RIDE NEEDED for one person to Washington, D.C plus direct drive turntable. Call 243-2025 between laison between three developmentally disabled lot near Miller Hall. 11/9/78. REWARD Please area, leaving the 12th or 13th of Dec. Returning for 3-11 p.m.______26-5 adults and semi-independent living trainers. For return Need badly Call 243-4605______29-4 TOM MORRIS says "spin to win.”______30-1 Winter qtr. registration. Call Harmon. 549-6865 more information. 273-5544 or 728-0441. 30-3 LOST SPORTSCOAT with Tom Morns Fan Club TOM MORRIS did it 22806 times in less than 3 hours. ______28-4 automotive written on back REWARD Call Dean. 549-7545 Top that. Grizzlies______30-1 NEED RIDE to and from Portland Thanksgiving roommates needed ______29-4 I LL DO 22806 bed spins Friday night in honor of break. Share gas & driving. 721-1964. 28-4 72 FIAT 850. 30,000 miles. Brady, 542-2950. 30-2 NON-SMOKER. FEMALE to share house $80/mo FOUND GREY and white striped cat in the 10th St. Tom Morris.—A loyal fan club member. 30-1 RIDE NEEDED to Los Angeles, CA. in late 1974 TOYOTA Corona station wagon, excellent 543-5445.______29-2 area. 728-5478 after 5______28-4 December or early January. Will share driving and condition, new tires. S2195. 549-5802 after 5. WINTER/SPRING qtr's Female to share small LOST: IN either Math bldg.. L.A.. or possibly Cham- expenses. Currently living in Wise River, Montana. 29-3 help wanted Please call 839-2243 and ask for Lisa or Jay. 28-4 apartment, 10 minutes from campus. $85/month Pharm . Olin ski gloves, white and red. 549-8194 or including utilities, all conveniences. Call Kathy or 728-5899, ask lor Nancy.______28-4 WORK STUDY students wanted as teachers aide In RIDE NEEDED for two to or around Jacksonville. Ill,, bicycles Meredith. 721-3930.______29-2 day care center $3.00/hr. Monday-Friday. 2:45- Christmas vacation. Can leave the afternoon of LOST: GOLD Lab/Retriever cross, 6 mos old. White MALE ROOMMATE needed to share 3 bedroom apt 5.15. Tuesday, Thursday, 8:30-1:30. Call 542-0552 the 14th. Will share gas and driving. Call: Jennifer spot on chest, black on tail. Chris Roberts, 721- COMPLETE BICYCLE overhaul — check our $90/month. Utilities pd Non-smoker preferred. 5294______27-4 (day). 549-7476 (evenings, weekends)._____29-4 at 243-2225.______28-4 special winter prices. 728-7655 or 728-8865 after 4 721-4475 after 5 p.m.______28-3 LOST: MALE dog, 6 mos. old, white and black. LIGHT DELIVERY person must know Missoula well RIDE NEEDED to Mpls. and back for Thanksgiving. p.m. ______28-10 Answers to Augie Lost in university area on and own vehicle. Please call 728-6661. 26-5 Share expenses. Call Mike. 243-2720. 27-6 pets to give away Monday Call 721-2778.______27-4 TELEPHONE SOLICITORS day or evening shift. RIDE NEEDED to Omaha NE or anywhere in eastern wanted to buy LOST: A SMALL Casino calculator in the Liberal Experience preferred, 728-6661.______26-5 NE OR S-D. Can't leave until Dec. 22 or 23. Call TO GIVE AWAY — one male neutered cat. 549-5491. 721-1599, ask for Dave Hazell. Share gas and ______30-3 Arts Bldg. If found, call 721-5593.______27-4 ALTERNATIVE SCHOOL in Missoula seeking WANT TO BUY used car or pick-up, 1970 or newer. driving.______’______27-4 Call 728-2974 or 549-1500. 26-5 FOUND: GREEN down jacket in the parking lot teacher for fifteen, 3-6 year olds. Starting Jan. 8. TWO MALE kittens, one black & one tiger-striped 8 behind Main Hall. Claim at the president's office. 1979. Please submit resume and pertinent infor­ RIDERS NEEDED to Seattle, leaving 11/18, retur- wks. old. 243-2822. 14-23 ______27-4 mation by Nov. 27 to Ailene R. Grossman, Grant ning 11/26. Call Larry. 243-5254.______27-4 wanted to rent Creek. Missoula, MT 59801. 25-6 RIDE NEEDED to Billings. Fri. 17th. 243-2486. miscellaneous LOST: HAND crocheted hat, shades of blue and GRAD STUDENT needs place to live Winter quarter. ______27-4 purple. Annie, 721-5443. 27-4 Tom — 243-5129. 28-3 'SOFA JAZZ DELUXE'' today. UC Mall at noon. services RIDE NEEDED to Fort Collins or Denver, leave Nov. Available Jelly. 30-1 personals 17, 18 or 19. Call 721-4689 or 243-2748. 27-4 for rent CAFFEINE FREAKS: 3 lb. coffee cans needed for WOMEN'S PLACE 24-hour emergency rape line. RIDE NEEDED to Portland, Oregon for Thanksgiv­ 9th FLOOR JESSE 77 party Dec. 1st. Friday. research project. Got any spares? Call Jim. 721- Educ. and counseling for: health, birth control, ing break. Will share driving and gas expenses. ROOM FOR rent—shared kitchen and bath. $90/mo. Contact Jon, Mike. Billiam or Obe-Wayne. 30-5 1279. 29-3 abortion, childbirth, battered women, and divorce. Call 728-5966.______27-4 $40 deposit. Close to campus. 728-7743. 30-1 LANCE BOYD and his JAZZ Workshop Band of 210 N. Higgins. 543-7606.______30-11 DESPERATELY NEED ride to and back from renown. November 18, UC Ballroom, 8:00, free FIDDLING LESSONS offered by Tim ‘Buckwheat’ Boulder. CO for Thansgiving break or within 100 to students.______30-1 Lousch of Poor Monroe. Call 726-3101 mornings mi. WiH share gas and driving. Call 243-2709. best.______28-3 HOMEMADE ORGANIC tofu. rice, and stir-fried ______27-4 vegetables. $1.90 at the Mustard Seed. Third and EXPERT KNIFE and scissors sharpening. Missoula RIDERS WANTED to Miles City over Thansgiving. Orange. Take-out oriental foods. 728-9641. 30-1 Cutlery, Ltd., Holiday Village Shopping Center. Leave Wed, noon. 542-0598.______27-4 LONESOME MALE Wildlife student desires female ______;______27-8 companionship. Call Ron, 243-2426. 30-1 RIDE NEEDED to Billings for Thanksgiving break. IMPROVE YOUR GRADES! Send $1.00 for your 265- Will share expenses. 542-0253 evenings. 27-4 HAVE A PROBLEM? Free Professional counseling page. mail order catalog of Collegiate Research. — CSD — Lodge 148, 243-4711.______30-1 10,250 topics listed. Prompt Delivery Box 25907- B, Los Angeles. CA 90025. (213) 477-8226. 1-35 JAZZ for sale JAZZ Workshop JAZZ Workshop.in concert typing DO YOU WANT FREE MONEY? Then shop us and JAZZ Workshop in concert November 8. UC save more of your own for the things you really enjoy. We have couches, beds, dressers, furniture Ballroom I WILL do typing, proofreading. Experienced, reasonable rates. Call 721-5928. 30-6 of all types plus small appliances and tableware. JAZZ Workshop in concert November 76, We may not always be fully stocked but that's UC Ballroom. 8:00. Free to students. 30-1 EDITING/TYPING. 549-3806 after 5:00. 17-24 because we have the best prices in town. Try us RUSH IBM Typing. Lynn 549-8074.______13-100 and see. The Second Time Around Second Hand CARPET SAMPLES. 354. 854. $1.00. $1.50, and Store. 1200 Kensington (Behind the new post $3.95 each. Small carpet remn’ts 50% off regular PROFESSIONAL TYPING service. 728-7025. 11-30 office—in the big blue building.)______30-3 price. Gerhardt Floors — Oldest floor covering EXPERT TYPING, Doctorates and Masters. Mary shop in Missoula. 1358V? West Broadway. 30-1 KING SlLVER-flared trumpet, 543-8873. 30-3 Wilson. 543-6515. ______11-24 ASUM CHRISTMAS Charter to New York. We will SNOW TIRES on VW wheels. 2 Michelin studded THESIS TYPING service. 549-7958. 4-36 add your name to the waiting list for tickets or for radials, 165Rx15, like new. Cost $161.00, sell one-way passage. Call 243-2451. 30-1 mounted for $80.00. 543-8497 evenings or weekends.______29-2 AVAILABLE JELLY: They like to jarp. UC Mall, transportation Friday at noon. 30-1 SKI PACKAGE: Kneisel skis, Geze bindings, Nor­ dic* boots (men's size 8-9), and poles. Excellent RIDE NEEDED Christmas break to Gettysburg, PA, GREAT SALT bake mime troupe Friday night. 8:00, for beginning or rock skis. Best offer over $80. Call UC Ballroom. Free to students. 28-3 Or within 100 mile radius, returning w/small dog. Mark, 721-5113, 5:30-7:00 best time.______28-3 Will share gas & driving. Call Robin at 243-4354. QUILTERS — WE are organizing an old fashioned ______30-4 FOR SALE: BACKPACKS Jansport $75, Wilderness quilting club for beginners, experts, young and Experience $75, both $140. Two groundpads $30. Everybody Welcome old. Come to our first meeting Monday, 7 p m., at 2 PEOPLE need ride to Kalispell, Wed., 22, return the Coleman furnace plus 55 gal. oil $65. No. 32 River the Central Christian Church, 345 S. 5th W. Bring 26th. Call Laurie, 549-5882. Share expenses. Road Tr. Ct. 28-2 Public your "betweens!"______29-2 ______30-4 SAVE MONEY! One in dash AM-FM 8-track with A CHRISTIAN THANKSGIVING FOR COMMUNI­ RIDE NEEDED to Billings on Dec. 15th and one back speakers, $140. One in dash AM-FM cassette with SQUARE DANCE TY. Sponsored by the Ark. Wesley House & on Jan. 2nd. Lynda, 243-2385.______30-4 speakers. $140. 243-2325, Tom.______28-3 Newman Center. In Church of Christ the King at OVER ANY weekend and hopefully Thanksgiving, to Old Time Appalachian Style 6:30 p.m., Tuesday. Nov. 21. All welcome! 29-2 THREE-UNIT stereo system, one year old, exc. Anaconda and back. Leave word for Lee with condition. $400. Call 721-4876.______27-4 to the ATTENTION FRATERNITY, Sorority and Dormitory Jenny at botany. X5222.______30-4 Social Chairman: Need a band for your function? BUYING-SELLING. Better used albums and tapes. NEED DRIVER to Washington, D.C. or Chicago Hand Picked String Band Call Mike at the Good Music Agency, 728-5520. All our sales are unconditionally guaranteed or Christmas break, one way. Preferably female or ______•______28-3 your, money promptly refunded. The Memory and callers male w/own insurance. Call Kathy. 721-3930. Banke, 140 E. Broadway, downtown._____ 26-15 4 THE UC FOODSERVICE is in the process of ______29-4 researching vegetarian food items. We would Sunday Nov. 19—8:00 p.m. RIDE WANTED to and from Jackson Hole for WELL-KEPT, cozy, very well insulated mobile home appreciate any input from our clientele. Drop off Thanksgiving. 543-3141. No. 504. 29-4 on tree-filled lot. Two bdrm. remodeled to make at the your suggestions at the UC Foodservice office one bdrm., with study nook and extra storage located directly behind the UC scheduling office, RIDE NEEDED to Butte on Wed., Nov. 22 & return to space. 721-1981, 7 p.m.-7 a.m. or weekends. Orchard Homes Country Life Club Room 262.______27-4 Missoula. Sun., Nov. 26. Call Jim. 721-1279. 29-4 $2500. Lotsa room for couple.______22-8 GURDJIEFF-OUSPENSKY Center accepting West Third and Grove Streets students. Tel.: 363-4477, Hamilton. MT. 26-26 Optional Pot luck Dinner at 6:00 p.m. NEW IN TOWNI Two brothers age 31 and 32 would like to meet women ages 20-30. Call anytime, 728- $1.50 admission 0084.______26-5 Come as Singles or Couples UNPLANNED PREGNANCY Options—Call Marie at WALTER R. AMES SCHOLARSHIP 728-3820, 728-3845 or 549-7721; or Mimi at 549- No experience needed 7317.______1-40 The School of Education Beginning Instruction provided before each dance 254 BEER Noon-2 p.m., 8-9 p.m. $1.25 pitchers. The TAVERN. announces that applications are being accepted 2061 S. 10th W. 1-40 for the Walter R. Ames Memorial Scholarship. really personal IF YOU don't come to the Tom Morris kegger you Applicants must be currently enrolled doctoral i f ain't shit.______30-1 students in Education. MEN FRAMPTON. DOLLY, Perry, Archie, Stu Burke, and unis BIG now Joe Cocker have gone Disco. Who will be next?______30-1 Application forms may be obtained at the IDDY BIDDY. Eye wheel luv ewe four effer.— manlcly suppressed. 30-1 School of Education office. "THE FAMOUS PIZZA THAT WON THE WEST.” Deadline for submitting application C o w belles 21 Delicious Varieties is November 28, 1978. announce PLUS SANDWICHES SOUP & SALAD BAR scholarship • BEER • WINE • SODA POP TAKE OUT ORDERS TOO! Montana Cowbelles has announced a scholarship PHONE 728-5650 award to be given to a BLOW DRYERS CAN 3306 BROOKS sophomore in home economics or a field allied with agriculture. DAMAGE YOUR HAIR! Candidates for the $500 Most people over-dry hair with too much heat scholarship must be from and do not use a dryer styling lotion. Only with Montana and have a college U.M. SKIING grade point average of 2.7 or proper hair care, will blow dryers not damage better. The award will be your hair. given in three installments We offer an excellent drying lotion and will 1978-9 Trips during the student's junior demonstrate to you the proper use of a dryer. Ask year. us. We care! Thanksgiving: Grand Targhee Applications may be ob­ Early Christmas: Jackson Hole tained from Michael LaSorte, Haircuts • Shaves • Permanents • Treatments. . . Jan. 19-21: Big Sky financial aid officer. Feb. 9^12: Big Mountain (Winter Applications must be sent by BIG SKY COLLEGE Feb. 1,1979 to the chairman Carnival) . of Montana Cowbelles of BARBER STYLING, INC. Feb. 16-19: Sun Valley Scholarship Committee, All Services Performed by Students Spring Break: BANFF Mrs. A. C. Grande, Box 236, 600 Kensington 9-6 Tues.-Sat. Find out more In ASUM Programming White Sulphur Springs, Mon­ tana, 59545. U C 104 m h s

m o n lc M M i K s l l i REVIEW Story by Terry Messman t 3 y 5 $ ^ Graphics by Cathy Cohen 3 K C = D C -

■ O-" 1 P l K ® 3 ^ : 0 5 3 9 c ? ^ . C ^ d b =^L * Editor’s note—The following account was written by Terry Messman after he spent two months in the Warm Springs State Hospital as 6 part of a drug charge. Messman, 26, pleaded guilty in 1975 to growing 20 marijuana plants — a felony in Montana. A court-ordered psychiatric evaluation sent Messman to Warm Springs in 3 acs>; 3 2 late October, 1975 and left him there until late ,<3r December. Because of his experiences, Messman wanted to learn more about Warm Springs. He read about 120 newspaper articles and several reports in order to present the second part of this Montana Review—a history of the problems of the hospital. Messman is a University of Montana junior in T ^ s m journalism and wildlife biology.

Maximum insecurity— Two months at Warm Springs

The deputy sheriff seemed embarrassed as he structure with small, wire mesh-covered windows. It ions of the inmates I had seen. Two metal slabs The second afternoon of my stay, Terry argued handcuffed our hands behind our backs, half- looked more like a concrete pillbox from a World War projected from the wall for a chair and table, and a once too often with the attendant about taking his apologizing to the old man and me that county rules II movie than a college dorm. longer metal slab with a mattress on it jutted from the medicine. The cart-pusher sneered and said, “You’re required all prisoner transfers to be handcuffed We were curtly ordered to enter, and the thick gun- opposite wall. crazy as hell Terry; you’re sick. You have to take the whether they were violent or not. metal-gray doors clanged shut behind us. Ward Three walls were concrete, but a wall of iron bars The 63-year-old man didn’t look very violent, attendants in white uniforms silently led me through faced the hall and put your life on display 24 hours a standing 4 feet 10 inches in his cowboy boots, with another locked door to a room where I was told to day. A combination sink-toilet against the bars made wrists so thin the cuffs almost fell off when he lowered strip and to get into a tub. private matters public. If only Pd had a sleazier taste in his arms. He walked with the uncertain, teetering gait Five attendants supervised the bath, making sure Washing his hands in a sink across the hall was a drugs — Warm Springs was a of a long-time alcoholic, his shaking legs barely able to every last vestige of the outside world was scrubbed young man named Terry. He answered my unspoken propel him through the half-block of melting slush to off, until I was as antiseptic as the white tiled floor. question about how to kill time by unbuttoning his pharmaceutical paradise for the waiting police car. After being outfitted in a matching gray shirt and shirt and carefully folding it, pacing the cell, washing downer freaks. I relished the brief freedom of this ride after a pants, I was escorted through yet another thick metal his hands, then putting his shirt back on for another month in the cramped cellblock of the Cascade door that opened eerily at our entrance by remote 12-foot stroll. He folded his shirt and washed his County jail, but 1 wasn’t looking forward to our control and snapped shut at our heels. hands 10 times in the first 15 minutes I was there. destination — not at all. The old man and I were being We passed the central control booth where doors Wondering whether his shirt or his hands would wear pills, your head’s in the ozone.” Terry ignored the driven to Warm Springs State Hospital, he to be were opened and locks, were locked by a button­ out first, I asked how long he’d been there. insults and. refused to take the pills. Finally the treated for alcoholism and I to undergo a two-month, pushing attendant behind yet another closed door. “Six months, brother.” Terry called everyone attendant grinned cruelly and yelled, “Terry wants court-ordered drug evaluation. I had pleaded guilty to We marched through another barred, locked door brother. He invented a kinship with other inmates to the needle.” charges of growing 20 marijuana plants. into the main cellblock and down the central cell-lined replace the family who had committed him. Relatives Terry jumped as if the needle had just been plunged Cultivation is a felony in Montana. hallway past a gauntlet of staring eyes. almost never visited, he told me, rubbing his red, in and started pleading: “I was only kidding. You The deputy strapped the old man and me into the chapped hands together. He washed his hands so know I take my pills.” car and locked our seat belts. The ride was uneventful much that his water supply was often shut off. But it was too late. except for the old man’s endless anti-pot harangues, Terry and a few other inmates were there, not for a Six attendants burst down the hall and crammed mercifully interrupted by periodic outbursts of a We marched through another short-term evaluation, but for an indefinite period of info the tiny cell, burying Terry’s gray shirt under an nasty smoker’s cough. I stared silently out at mile barred, locked door into the treatment, which consisted of large doses of mind- avalanche of white uniforms — twisting his arms behind his back, grinding their knees up and down his after mile of snow-covered mountains, wondering if main cellblock and down the numbing tranquilizers and even larger doses of insults body, while one jammed the needle home. he was a part of my sentence 1 hadn’t been told about. dispensed by the attendants. If only I’d had a sleazier central cell-lined hallway past a They took him to a special seclusion cell. He was We arrived after a few hours, passing the gauntlet of staring eyes. taste in drugs — Warm Springs was a pharmaceutical combination restaurant-grocery store-bus station paradise for downer freaks. gone for two days. Two cells down from me was a small, frail 18-year- that maintains a sole link to the real world, and drove Terry and the others being “treated” had sickly old named Charles who lay in his bed all day and onto the ground of the institution — it looked like a white complexions, heavy-lidded eyes and slurred rarely spoke. He got out of bed only at mealtimes, college campus exiled 100 miles from the nearest My cell door banged shut and locked itself, making speech from high doses of sedatives. An attendant college town. five locked doors between freedom and me. It came down the hall twice a day pushing a metal cart moving like an invalid, as if a sudden move might That illusion vanished as we stopped at the measured nine-by-twelve feet and was painted a drab loaded with a multi-colored assortment of pills to dull maximum security building — a squat, cement gray-white that matched my clothes and the complex­ any problem, to quiet any mind. shatter him like glass. He had become institutionaliz- block. We soon got our blankets and clothes back, Nick was the kind of hell-raiser everyone No one came up with a rebuttal. That was the only ed — a drugged zombie sleeping his life away. but had to wait a couple days for our books. remembers from high school. He told us he was 17 time during my confinement I felt guilty — tried and convicted by a court higher than had sentenced me. “The treatment of patients in this hospital is We never figured out what kind of contraband they and had been busted for cocaine; the attendants said By the third day he’d won some grudging respect. certainly simple, for the authorities do absolute­ were looking for. Houdini himself couldn’t have he was 16 and had been caught sniffing glue. Both He took his bowl of lumpy, tasteless mush — the ly nothing; they leave us to vegetate in idleness smuggled a pocketful of lint past five locked doors. agreed his mother had committed him because she same breakfast goop the rest of us had been eating or and feed us with stale food. My surroundings And, they opened all our mail. couldn't control him. flushing away without protest — and threw it against here begin to weigh on me more than I can If the rationale behind the strip-downs was He was a non-stop talker: high-spirited, im­ his cell bars, splattering it into the hallway. “I’m not a express — / need air; I feel overwhelmed by obscure, the motive was clear — intimidation. We aginative, and always joking. He was also a punk. He baby and I don’t eat baby food anymore,” he shouted. boredom and depression. I assure you it is threw cups of water across the hall at Ralph, We started laughing and four guards ran down to his something to resign yourself to living under constantly harassed the attendants, anything to raise cell and took away everything they hadn’t taken from surveillance and to sacrifice your liberty...” uTake off your clothes and a ruckus. His clothes were confiscated or he was put in seclusion almost every week. him at admission, leaving him a bare cell. r- Vincent Van Gogh stand facing against the wall!” Swanson was unimpressed. Dear Theo One day his stored energy burst out all at once. He refused to^make his bed or take his pills, and when the Later that day, an attendant used the loudspeaker Therapy at Warm Springs was virtually non­ attendants opened his door he stood there with fists to shut us up. It always startled us, reminding us that existent, The long-term “patients” were occasionally were forcibly reminded how vulnerable we were to ready, looking absurd because he was so short and most of what we said could be heard in the control allowed an hour of “occupational therapy” — making the whims of the attendants. puny. He started swinging wildly and broke an room. A fuzzy, disembodied voice suddenly barking belts and wallets. Once a month they were allowed an My first three weeks were spent on B wing where attendant’s glasses before they piled on top of him, out orders usually produced a short, stark silence. hour of music therapy during which they sang along the incoming criminal cases were admitted and the savagely jerking his arm behind his back until he But this time there was no silence. Without a to a record player in the basement of the building. chronic, long-term patients were kept in cold storage. screeched in pain. heartbeat’s hesitation, Swanson’s voice boomed out: Terry would return from these music sessions in “Look at all the losers and the mad-eyed gazers He was in the seclusion room for two days. “You can blow those threats out your bullhorn’s buoyant spirits, singing the new songs he’d learned. Look at all the loonies and the sad-eyed failures About a week later, after the lights went out, he But the sessions were so far apart he’d eventually end They’ve given up living cuz they just don’t care broke his glasses and gashed both arms deeply, up aimlessly mumbling fragments of the lyrics until So take a good look around — the misfits are bleeding all over his sheets, floor and cell bars. The “I’m not a baby and I don’t eat the song became only another ritual in his shirt­ everywhere. ” attendants noticed him about two hours later, took baby food anymore,” Swanson folding, hand-washing repertoire. —“Misfits” him to the medical center and mopped up his cell. He shouted. Other than these sham therapy sessions, psy­ The Kinks was back the next day with both arms stitched and chologists would occasionally see the patients for But those on B were rebellious losers — uncom­ heavily bandaged. very short talks. promised misfits. For me, living there was a real The attendants taunted him for the next two days asshole.” This time it was the anonymous voice that There was a small gym in the basement, but only education. Many inmates were capable of astonishing was startled into silence. once during my first month were we taken down for bits of intuitive insight and finely honed perception. One day, haircuts were being given in the hall of the exercise — an hour of volleyball. During my second cellblock. Swanson was led out of his cell and when he month, when I was in the more privileged A cellblock, One patient had a theory that crazies were mushrooming because we were all “bomb babies,” — saw the barber’s chair he ran back into his cell and we averaged three hours of volleyball a week. Even clutched the bars. Three attendants pried him loose these infrequent sessions were reserved for the split atoms caused split personalities. In the unforgettable Missoulian editorial page and hauled him back to the chair. Swanson, a lot physically fit and well-behaved — the basket cases more composed than the red-faced attendants, who needed the exercise most were left in their cells. expression of a former Warm Springs employee, calmly explained: “I didn’t give a damn about the One person who would have been glad to skip the Glare’ Huffman, most of them “were no more haircut. We all needed a workout so I played the exercise session was Sid, a tail, gangly man with an dangerous than a chocolate chip cookie in a box of rabbit and you played the hounds.” ugly scar near one eye from a fight in the Deer Lodge vanilla wafers. Hospitals are dumping grounds for The only person Swanson befriended was a 17- Prison. He was sent to Warm Springs partly for his those who make us nervous.” own protection, and the attendants never let him Though the days on B were deadly dull, they were year-old transfer from the Miles City reform school forget what a “pussy” he was for not being able to never peaceful. Arthur, in the cell next door, was a 16- named Eric. Eric was detested for his non-stop, high- stick it out in prison. year-old retarded boy whose temper tantrums had pitched whining about imaginary headaches and One day Sid, a sleepy, heavily-sedated kid named proven too much for the Boulder hospital to handle. nosebleeds. At first Swanson’s only words to him Phil and I were taken down to the gym to run laps. Arthur could speak in a thick slur but rarely chose to. were, “Shut up faggot!” But when he saw how much The attendants began ridiculing Sid’s ungainly run Instead he shouted, wailed and roared and rattled his the rest of us loathed Eric, he; started talking to him. cell door for hours on end. He hated being neglected Swanson did the only reed psychotherapy I witnessed and couldn’t realize the futility of his protests. during my stay. When the attendants had heard enough they would • Eric blamed all his problems on the fact that his The attendants began ridi­ try to tie his cell door so it couldn’t be rattled. When girlfriend had left him and on being beaten up at Miles culing Sid’s ungainly run and that failed, they would threaten to give him a shot, or City. Swanson cut him down: “I’m not gonna listen snail-like pace, and to speed him to strap him to his bed. As a last report they would try about your puppy love or about getting punked-out at up two attendants ran behind to bribe him into silence by promising to let him feed Miles City. You don’t need love. You don’t need his goldfish later that night. (As a special privilege, somebody else to lean on — haven’t you ever stood him, shoving, tripping and Arthur was allowed to keep a goldfish bowl up by yourself?” kicking him. downstairs.) ' A John Wayne diatribe as corny as a Marlboro But Arthur had seen those promises broken night commercial, but Eric was listening for the first time after night. He didn’t understand “later” or “tonight,” and Swanson kept at him. “Haven’t you ever been and snail-like pace, and to speed him up, two he understood now — and now was three blank walls for not being serious enough to cut deeper. One of completely alone where no one else even knew you attendants ran behind him, shoving, tripping and and a locked door. them with a finger traced the jugular vein on his neck were alive?” Swanson told him about walking alone in kicking him. Another attendant stood behind a heavy so Nick would know where to cut next time. the mountains for four days and then taking LSD. He five-foot tall punching bag, pushing it into him as he My other neighbor was 55-year-old Ralph, one of “Though Adam was a friend of mine, I did not said that suddenly everything went silent and started ran by so that he smashed into the brick wall. the more seriously disturbed inmates. Ralph was know him well. He was alone into his distance, disintegrating until he was stranded in the middle of Sid went on a sit-down strike and refused to budge. usually kind and soft-spoken, but at least 15 times a he was deep into his well.” nowhere, drifting in an ocean. Then, he said, he They picked him up, carried him a few feet, then day, he would begin an uncontrollable chain of loud, —“Song for Adam” completely dissolved and became part of everything dropped him on his ass, his legs still crossed under sharp, staccato outbursts like machine-gun fire aimed Jackson Browne around him. him. He learned his lesson and started running again at the unholy demons he said were taunting him. The — forced to run twice as many laps as Phil and me. attacks lasted about 10 minutes — “Bah! Bah! Bah! Swanson wasn’t a friend of mine and I did not know As the days went by it grew harder to tell morning Bah!” The explosive shouts wracking his body like a him well. He was only in my cell block for two weeks from evening, October from November. The only smoker’s cough. and we spoke no friendly words. He stung me more “Haven’t you ever been com­ highlight of the day, besides the meals, was the ever­ The noise was frighteningly intense and, if it failed than once with his cold-blooded, caustic put-downs. pletely alone where no one else present possibility of a surprise search. to exorcise the demons, it rattled the rest of us. To be. He had an uncanny knack at piercing your weak even knew you were alive?” At the end of my first week I was lying in bed sandwiched between Arthur’s cell-rattling arid spots and used it to antagonize everyone he talked to. reading when the cell door slid open and six grinning Ralph’s outburts plus the attempts of inmates and I first saw him the day he was admitted, swaggering Swanson asked. attendants entered. (Most searches involved only attendants to shout the pair down, Was to be down the hall like he owned the place, his hair all three attendants, but this time they were training two entertained by non-stop stereophonic bedlam. matted and tangled, falling halfway down his back. new ones.) Not a word of explanation was given — An old man briefly challenged Arthur’s reign as the His corrosive eyes burned right through you, sizing He abruptly shifted gears to slap Eric in the face just a snapped command: “Take off your clothes and champion noise-maker. He seemd to think Warm you up and dismissing you in one scornful glance. with: “You’d be afraid to throw yourself away like stand facing against the wall.” Springs was a hotel and when room service didn’t The traditional jailhouse conversation starter — that. You don’t want love, you just want a mother to I obliged while they stripped the blanket and sheets bring him coffee or cigarettes fast enough, he “What were you busted for?” — was met with a cuddle you.” off the mattress, explored up and down the cracks in castigated the attendants in a hoarse, rasping voice contemptuous: “I don’t need your bullshit small talk I have never heard anyone hide sympathy in such the walls and around the window, and reached deep that could wake the dead — sometimes even Charles to get by. I can do my own time.” ice-cold cruelty, but the bluntness did Eric good. It into the toilet. woke up. He demanded unheard of luxuries, like We immediately ridiculed his overblown Cagney was almost a week before he started whining again They left with my clothes, shoes, sheets, blanket, washclothes and shampoo, in a fingernails-grating- routine but he choked-off our words. “You’re all a and even then it was in a healthier vein — delusions paper and pencil and the two books allotted to each on-blackboard roar, but all room service brought was bunch of maggots sponging off each other. You don’t cell, and then ransacked the other 14 cells on the a hypodermic needle. have the guts to make it alone.” o “Let us do the cookin’, while you relax & play.” BITTERROOT MARKET “MISSOULA’S ORIGINAL DISCOUNT FOOD STORE” Bulk-Pack Bargains „ PAY FOR PRODUCT NOT FOR PACKAGING Flours: W h o lew h eat...... Stone Ground White ...... Unbleached W hite ...... Sweeteners: Brown Sugar...... Sleeping Child Hotsprings Confectionary S u g ar...... Local, Raw Honey...... 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He spewed out hilariously “dependent” on psychedelics, advice I’ve faithfully perverted obscenities at the prissy nurses who some­ ignored to this day since it came from some of the times walked down the halls, and started making biggest dope pushers in the state. strange hand-signals at superstitious Ralph, warning My lies were rewarded with a favorable evaluation him that he was hexing him with black magic. and after another month-and-a-half in county jail, I Then I was transferred to the A ward and didn’t was let off with two years probation. The judge near about him again for awhile. decided I was a stable robot who could inform on Attendants often reported that Swanson was himself once a month to a probation officer, ask ‘losing control.” I didn’t believe them. But then an old permission to travel out of town, take or quit a job, man named Carl was transferred to A block a couple buy a house or car. weeks after me and he told me that Swanson would Swanson was a master of his own fate and never stand at his mirror after everyone else was asleep, asked anyone’s permission to live or die. blowing on it and staring while the mist disappeared, “I never heard from him again as each our waiting to see which of his identities would emerge lives we led. . . . Until / heard the sudden word from the haze. that a friend of mine was dead.” “And if the dam breaks open many years too “Song for Adam” soon Jackson Browne and if there is no room upon the hill Several months after being released, I read and if your head explodes with dark Swanson’s obituary in the Great Falls Tribune. He’d foreboding too taken a .357 magnum from a downtown store, walked IV see you on the dark side of the moon.” two blocks, sat down in an alley and shot himself once —“Brain Damage” in the head and once in the chest. Swanson never Pink Floyd compromised with anything, not even death. He never backed off from a showdown, not even with Those of Us in for court-ordered evaluations got himself. out of the building three times during our stay to have blood samples, X-rays and EEGs taken. They weren’t exactly pleasure outings — one-block drives to the medical center in a locked security car with an attendant and security driver in the front seat and the patient handcuffed and sandwiched between tvto more attendants in the back seat. Struggles within— Aside from that, during my 5&day stay I had a half- hour interview with a social worker, a 45-minute talk with a psychiatrist and took an eighth-grade level IQ test. That made two hours of evaluation and 55 days, A look at Warm Springs over the years 22 hours of staring at walls. “Whatever the Party holds to be truth is truth. “The doctors neither spoke to the patient, nor Fate set up a textbook-perfect laboratory experi­ — who walked into Warm Springs in 1932. Alcayde- It is impossible to see reality except by looking gave him a smile, a nod, or any kind of ment to test this hypothesis and chose Calixtro after-confinement shambled out of the twilight zone through the eyes of the Party. That is the fact recognition. . . I got no more response than if I Alcayde to be the control animal who would measure 43 years later, a hollow shadow of his former self, all that you have got to relearn, Winston. It had been an animal. The doctors had a seeming the life and vitality leached out of him. needs an act of self-destruction, an effort of lack of perception that the patients were human Let us look at Alcayde before and Alcayde after as the will. You must humble yourself before you beings. As a non-paying patient, in the uniform Alcayde - after • confinement reported by Dennis Jones in a series of Missoulian can become sane.” nightshirt, you were primarily a medical shambled out of the twilight zone articles in March, April, and May of 1975. —George Orwell specimen. ” 43 years later, a hollow shadow Alcayde, a native of the Philippines, checked into 1984 —George Orwell Warm Springs in 1932 for treatment of a lung “How the Poor Die” of his former self. A couple days before my release I had an hour-long condition, apparently mistaking Warm Springs for talk with a council composed of the head attendant, The common cliche heard in a thousand variations nearby Galen Hospital which treats lung ailments. psychiatrist, social worker, nurse and psychologist. I in every mental institution is: “If you’re not crazy the effects of institutional mothballing. Alcayde- Jones reported the admission: “In broken English “humbled myself to become sane” in their eyes by when you come in, you will be by the time you get before-confinement was a normal, healthy, intelligent he told the administration officer that he was not man — the perfect guinea pig to test Fate’s promise lying through my teeth and telling the “Party’s truth” out.” o MONTANA KAIMIN STAFF POSITIONS T.G.I.F. for WARM-UP SPECIALS WINTER COLONY ROSE WINE ...... l.5th$4.30 QUARTER C ASTIL lIO RUM ...... 5th $ 5 . 9 0 112 WEST FRONT OPENINGS S L O E G I N ...... Pint $3 . 1 0 “In the Glacier Building ” Apply In J-206A O L Y ...... 12-Pack $ 3 .1 0 CIGARS • TOBACCO Kaimin Editorial LOWEST BEER PRICES IN TOWN CIGARETTES 55

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home cotxm stoke !9H> BROOKS HOLIDAY VILLAGE MISSOULA, MOHTAHA 93 (406! 711 - 25/0 SfOO! STRIP insane and that he'd come to the hospital for rest and workers as being “always clean, socially acceptable, taken too heavy a toll; he never fully regained the The April 23,1974 issue of the Missou/ion reported treatment.” Hospital records showed that, except for and non-violent.” This is the Catch-22 of mental ability to talk. on an inspection of Warm Springs by a “special his lung problem, he was in good physical condition hospitals — those who meekly say nothing are left to Alcayde’s family in the Philippines came across the blueribbon panel” of medical personnel led by Dr. and “exhibited normal coordination, speech, reason­ vegetate, those who raise hell are labeled “disturbed” newspaper accounts and wrote to him, asking him to John Strizich, a member of the state's Board of ing ability and good vision.” The record also stated and jield all the longer. come home. It had been more than 40 years since Institutions. that he was cooperative and “reasonably intelligent The Poison staff could locate only one of Alcayde’s they had last heard from him and they were sure he Strizich claimed that Warm Springs State Hospital for a foreigner. was dead. Alcayde was very excited about going “has become a dumping ground for the aged and “In the hospital,” Jones reported, “Alcayde was a home. A fund-raising drive was started to pay his senile" and recommended that “court referrals of jnodel patient. He was calm, quiet and drew little Those who meekly say nothing travel expenses. Vague talk about the state paying criminals should be made to local community health- attention to himself. Because of this he became a him compensation for all those lost years never got off centers or psychiatrists rather than Warm Springs.” are left to v e g e ta te , those who forgotten man, spending the next, 43 years in a the ground, and the Philippine government briefly Bear in mind that this recommendation that criminals hospital that he entered for a rest” raise hell are labeled Mdisturbedff considered filing a $1 million lawsuit on his behalf. be evaluated in community centers was made more To document Alcayde-after-confinement, Fate and held all the longer. But on December 15,1977, Calixtro Alcayde died than four years ago and has been a recurrent theme in chose him in 1974 to be part of the state’s in the St. Joseph Convalescent Center. almost every Warm Springs’ inspection since. Yet the “deinstitutionalization” program. He was transferred The fund-raising drive had “brought in several courts still persist in this practice. to the St. Joseph Convalescent Center in Poison. At many Warm Springs social workers who still thousand dollars, but Alcayde had decided he Mike Billings, director of the governor’s Office of his admission to the nursing home, this once remembered him. Joe Thompson, Alcayde’s social preferred to remain in the rest home, and the money Budget and Program Planning, was assigned by Gov. “intelligent” man in “good physical condition” now worker for a few months, was quoted as saying, “he was put into his account.” Thomas Judge to investigate conditions at Warm “mumbled responses, did not communicate well, had was passive as I remembered him... kind of like part Long-term inmates often are unable to readjust to Springs, and on Sept. 10, 1974 the Missoulian a habit of stamping his feet as if marching in place, of the woodwork.” (Strange coincidence. Thompson the strange world outside. This is the final crushing of reported that “the administration of Warm Springs is seemed dull, disoriented, confused, mildly hyperac­ was the maximum security social worker when I was the spirit meant by the word “institutionalized.” marked by patient abuse and bureaucratic bungling.” tive, idle and apathetic. He seemed unable to talk and there and that’s exactly how I remembered him—a Alcayde’s ties to his family were 43 years old and In the article, Billings said there were four cases of could barely see and was suspected at first of being totally passive part of the woodwork, who ambled continents away. It was simply too late to begin a substantiated allegations of patient abuse by retarded,” Jones reported. yawning down our cellblock hail infrequently, clearly whole new life at age 70. employees — but the incidents were not even noted A portion of Alcayde’s Warm Springs’ file arrived bored, almost never talking to any patients.) So there we have the two Alcaydes. Fate rests its on the employees’ records. “Employee evaluation containing only two sheets of paper. His admission To provide a further check on this grim psychiatric case — the Warm Spring’s “darkroom” transmuted a either does not exist or is ignored,” Billings said. He , form and exit evaluation were all that remained of 43 experiment, Fate introduced a new variable to test vibrant, living color photograph into a burned-out added that he found some wards so crowded they years of his life. Incredibly, he even arrived under the whether a simple human relationship could snap the black-and-white negative. “were often unsuitable for human habitation.” wrong name, as Albert Kencian — a total symbolic The Jan. 3, 1975 issue of the Missoulian reported guinea pig out of its social retardation. This new “Picking up Angel who just arrived here from the Warm Springs as the defendant in a $1 million lawsuit erasure of his identity. variable was the sympathetic Poison staff and, coast, filed by a California prison inmate named Earl What happened during those 43 lost years? A especially, a 19-year-old aide named Jo Ann Who looked so fine at first, but left looking just Jones’ article said the Poison staff “began to wonder Wimberly who “alleges that he was beaten and that Maldonado who gave him special attention and help. like a ghost." how it had happened — that an apparently normal Alcayde enjoyed his new home and made many hospital personnel withheld medication for a —Bob Dylan young man could check into a hospital for a physical rheumatoid arthritis condition” while he was a Warm new friends. Everyone loved him, Jones reported. In “Just Like Tom Thumb’s Blues" problem and end up being ignored, detained, and the new environment he shed many habits apparently Springs patient in January 1974. eventually retarded over four decades. “Officials at picked up from years of exposure to the mentally ill. What is the purpose in raising this skeleton now ,Wimberly claims he was beaten by psychiatric St. Joseph called his condition “a result of gross Authorities have said Alcayde was never mentally that many chronic patients have been relocated to aides. One of his arms allegedly was twisted far apathy and neglect.” deficient. community centers? A Philippine official who com­ behind his back and he was struck in the back. He “Basically, it appeared that he was written off, Director Mae was quoted as saying Alcayde mented in the May 9, 1976 issue of the Missoulian “now has extreme pain” in his left arm and spine. ignored, and not spoken to for more than 40 years,” displayed an “insatiable curiosity. It was like watching about the drive to raise funds for Alcayde, answered Records at the Missoula County Clerk of Court’s Loretta Mae, director of nursing at the pQlson center,, a child grow. He had never seen plants in years; he this way: “Such a gesture may be attributed to the office contain testimony from Wimberly stating that said in an article. didn’t know anything about flowers.” generosity of people everywhere.” But then he after the beating four attendants entered his cell and Paul Campanelio, a speech consultant at the Alcayde’s files showed he’d had a cataract added, “Could it be a feeling of collective guilt over gave him “a shot which made him dizzy and very sick Poison center, said in the same story: “Simply operation years earlier, and he was fitted with glasses, to his stomach.” because he didn’t make noise and had no family, he causing a drastic vision improvement. Thompson, A psychiatric aide testified in response to was sidestepped. People probably walked by him for the social worker, “couldn’t remember ever seeing Strizich claimed that Warm Wimberly’s written interrogatory: “It was necessary 40 years and said ’hi’ and that was it.” Campanelio Alcayde wearing glasses and was unaware of several to administer an injection of Thorazine at 10 a.m. attributed Alcayde’s speech difficulties to being abilities the patient possessed” and didn’t even know Springs State Hospital uhas be­ Plaintiff offered resistance, and force was necessary ignored for years, and “also to the fact that he has no he could read. come a dumping ground for the to carry out the order.” teeth and was apparently never fitted with dentures.” “No one at Warm Springs knew he could write or aged and senile The Missoulian also reported that Wimberly claims Campanelio noted that the 70-year-old Alcayde do math problems. (A St. Joseph director said he saw a patient “strapped to his bed for 24 hours had “been totally conditioned by his years in the Alcayde developed a “remarkable mathematic because he complained about the way he was being institution.” He would look at passing people but acuity.”), probably because he was never given paper the injustice done to Calixtro these last 43 years?” treated.” One attendant admitted that the patient had wouldn’t expect any response. When he got one, and pencil,” Mae said in the article. Unfortunately, Calixtro’s case is not unique, as a been strapped to his bed, and Superintendent especially from a stranger, he seemed “gratified, In spite of Alcayde’s blossoming abilities, Jones look at the recent history of Warm Springs, gathered Stanley Rogers, social worker Joe Thompson, terribly nervous, and self-conscious.” wrote that the staff accepted the fact that he would from state newspapers and Board of Visitor’s reports, Alcayde was described by the hospital’s social never be normal by social standards. The years had reveals. d >

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Because of these recurrent allegations, the At the time of the alleged incidents, Wimberly was Montana Legislature passed a progressive bill in 1975 undergoing a court evaluation in Ward 51, the old called The Mental Commitment and Treatment Act. maximum security building, where there were no The act guarantees patients the right to treatment (as sinks for washing or drinking. Wimberly elicited the opposed to custodial warehousing) in the most humane, least restrictive environment possible. It admission from psychiatric aides that they had denied patients’ requests for a light for a cigarette or a cup of protects them from excessive medication, limits the water because of “medical orders.” use of physical restraints and isolation and ensures Wimberly’s suit is still pending in Missoula District their rights to privacy, dignity and regular physical Court. He was released from San Quentin last month exercise. and was granted 90 days to prepare his prosecution. Perhaps most importantly, the act created the I’m not holding my breath in anticipation of his Mental Disabilities Board of Visitors as an indepen­ success. The incident occurred long ago and far away dent patient advocacy group that would safeguard and Wimberly’s outrage may have subsided. The inmates’ human rights. The Board of Visitors must visit each Montana mental institution and community mental health center annually and issue investigative reports to the Department of Institutions And the Trying to pin a rap on their slip­ Governor’s office. pery system is like B*rer Rabbit The board is expected to. do all this on a $39,000 trying to punch the tarbaby — annual budget, operating out of a one-room office in the suit is stuck in a legal quag­ Helena. Kelly Moorse, executive secretary of the board,' is the only full-time employee. Expert mire. consultants are paid honorariums and living ex­ penses during site inspections. The Legislature authorized the board to hire a full­ court has refused his request for an attorney and his time legal counsel to represent patients, but, Moorse case depends on the faulty-record keeping system said in an interview, “the state doesn’t have the funds and the selective memories of Warm Springs to live up to its own statutes.” The board was even employees. Trying to pin a rap on their slippery forced to stop hiring the out-of-state consultants system is like B’rer Rabbit trying to punch the tarbaby necessary for objective reports. The few in-state — the suit is stuck in a legal quagmire. psychiatrists commit patients to Warm Springs and The Jan. 24,1975 issue of the Missoulian reported couldn’t inspect it without a conflict of interest the charge of Cleo Butler, a mental health educator at Despite this paltry budget, the board has rendered Warm Springs for two-and-a-half years, that the outstanding service to Montana in calling attention to institution is a “horrible place” where patients are institutional shortcomings. Montana was a abused. Butler, now.a clinical specialist at the Mental forerunner in creating this watchdog agency. Only Health Cenfer in Butte, said patients not conforming to hospital regimentation are placed in isolation, and m New York and Minnesota preceded Montana with that anti-psychotic drugs are administered as a major similar agencies. Other states are now following these form of treatment. Butler said in the article, “People examples. are usually zonked with medication whether or not The first action of the board was reported April 2, they need it. 1976 in the Great Falls Tribune when a former board “Prolonged use of drugs could cause difficulty in secretary, Dr. Leo Hamerlynck, was quoted saying movement, cardiovascular and liver complications board members have “uncovered 75 years of and unexpected death. Long-term medication con­ mistreatment of people by people who thought they tributes to institutionalism by reducing one’s drive, were doing the right thing. We found one man who is initiative and planning ability.” Butler attributed these 35 years old who was committed 25 years ago to an problems to the isolation of the institution and institution, normal in every way except that he is unqualified employees. scathing Missoulian “local comment.” ly no treatment (other than drugs). The patients are deaf.” Six months later, Clare Huffman, a UM graduate “Perhaps the most atrocious bit of information I assigned to their wards, prescribed a dosage of The board’s first formal visit to Warm Springs, student in psychology and a former Warm Springs picked up at Warm Springs was that the vast majority Thorazine, and forgotten about. The only people employee, substantiated Butler’s charges in a of patients were strictly custodial, receiving absolute­ having any contact with the patients are psychiatric

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A power over patients given to unqualified aides The board recommended that evaluations be done occurred with “the use of large doses of medication,” in the community by private psychiatrists or mental the board’s report said. Vague doctor’s orders giving health centers. too much discretion to non-medical staff “are too The use of medication was evaluated via a random often initiated without adequate monitoring of patient sample of 14 patients. Twelve were receiving and his vital signs. .. . This was especially true with psychotropic drugs and progress notes about the use of medication for the management of medication were absent or inadequate in 10 of these patients.” cases. In seven of the 12 cases, “medications were The board again suggested criminals be evaluated prescribed which are not generally used for the treatment of the diagnoses listed.” For example, the report continued, an 83-year-old woman with an enlarged heart and emphysema was “Patients are housed in small “given Thorazine which can lower blood pressure.” open jail cells in which the toilets She died several days later. The board stated that it are up against the front bars, felt her death was “probably a result of pre-existing open to the view of everyone,” medical causes” but added there was a “question of the report stated. the appropriateness of the medication” and that “the dosage may have been excessive.” The report concluded with a summary of 17 in local centers so that patients’ reaction to Warm violations of the law, including improper commitment Springs “would not be one of fear, distrust and little procedures, lack of justification for medication, expectation of receiving humane and competent violation of due process in maximum security, treatment.” In the opinion of the Board, “the missing and incomplete treatment plans and failure to maximum security building or any building like it has release a patient to a less restrictive environment. no place in a hospital for the treatment of the mentally The next board visit to Warm Springs was a.” November 9 through 12,1976. The Forensic Unit was This second visit uncovered 27 violations of again denounced. “The maximum security building is Montana law, including a juvenile held beyond the used to house all court-ordered admissions to Warm evaluation period. Springs whether the patient is shown to be in need of According to the report, “A number of non- such a setting or not,” it stated. psychotic adolescents” were hospitalized in the The November board report found that “little if any children’s unit, placed there by courts or parents treatment for mental illness, other than the use of when they became too hard to control, even though drugs, is conducted in maximum security. This they were “not in need of psychiatric treatment. One prison-like, non-therapeutic atmosphere is as much major problem was the use of maximum security as a * backup unit” for troublesome children. An example was given of a boy who was “shunted The November board report back and forth to the maximum security unit at least four times.” found that “little if any treatment Other violations of the law included confiscation of for mental illness, other than the personal letters, use of medications instead of use of drugs, is conducted in treatment, multiple counts of “poly pharmacy” maximum security.n « (mixing drugs together improperly), inappropriate administration of a barbituate given to an elderly April 6 through 8,1976, resulted in the recommenda­ sent to WSSH on court commitment go through this- person and eight separate counts of non-existent tion that “Units 56 and 57 of WSSH, known as the unit. Many of these patients have only minor offenses deplored by the professional staff involved as it is by treatment goals. maximum security building, be closed. The patients’ and many are not hardened criminals with homocidal, the Board of Visitors, and the despair of the staff in The 23rd violation listed was: “no reasonable rights to privacy and dignity, to a humane environ­ suicidal, or aggressive tendencies. We found,” the trying to provide something resembling psychiatric explanation of a jaw fracture incident.” A cryptic ment and to treatment in the least restrictive report continued, “the use of restraints to be more treatment within this building is obvious.” explanation added, “A note says patient hit by door, alternative are not and cannot be honored when they than usual.” Again the board found many instances of violations patient said was involved in fight.” are housed ir\ this facility.” The board’s report stated The Board recommended that psychiatric of patients’ rights to privacy and dignity. “For The March 18,1977 issue of the Tribune reported that “the Forensic Unit at Warm Springs is not evaluations ordered by district courts pursuant to example, patients are housed in small, open jail cells that Bruce Baglien filed a $250,000 suit in Helena designed as a hospital unit, but as a maximum criminal charges be done within 10 days of the court in which the toilets are up against the front bars, open District Court “against three hospital employees who security prison with steel bars, electronic surveillance order. “Currently,” it stated, “evaluations ordered to the view of everyone.” and a lack of privacy. Most newly admitted patients during a criminal proceeding can last up to 60 days. And the board found a number of examples of the o

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Please Call 243*4103 for Additional Information allegedly beat him in his cell in September of 1976.” causing him to fall and injure himself.” Garcia was Employees complained about the cracks in the the vast number of patient hours are spent pacing in a Baglien claimed he was beaten for trying to send a found guilty by a jury misdemeanor assault and walls, steep stairways with blind corners and the need narrow hallway, being unable to see outside except letter to Gov. Thomas Judge complaining that Warm sentenced to 30 days in jail. Jerold Forkan, 19, was to leave the safety of the control booth to operate the for a heavily screened window in their cell and looking Springs’ patients had been beaten by some of the also charged in the assault, and was a prosecution electronic door-opener. at the cheerfully painted doors and bars of the employees. witness against Garcia. Both were dismissed from The Board of Visitors discovered on Aug. 25,1977 cellblock.” The three employees were suspended for five days, Warm Springs. that “despite the fact that this building is only three Examination and diagnoses were two other areas but later returned to work at the hospital. The Helena The Tribune concluded with a mind-boggling years old, it is structurally defective. The roof leaks the board questioned. Reviewing the files on court- Independent Record reported that “a nurse allegedly coincidence. It reported that, ironically, Garcia “was and requires immediate attention,” according to its ordered evaluations, a case was found which heard Baglien screaming for help and what sounded convicted on the same day a television movie, filmed report. “contained two different diagnoses, one from the like fighting. Shortly thereafter, another nurse Sam Reynolds wrote in an Oct. 30,1977 Missoulian psychological examination and one from the mental requested that Baglien be examined. Officials found a editorial that “(he maximum security unit is a flat-out status exam, with both diagnoses made by the same small abrasion below Baglien’s left eye, a huge bump A Butte doctor examined him disgrace. Its walls crack. It is cramped and crowded. staff person on the same day. above his left eyebrow, and large abrasion on the right and “said the patient suffered a It provides limited space for recreation or therapy. All the court-ordered inmates I talked to snickered side of his chest.” Helena District Court records slight concussion, a closed head The state ripped itself off on that building. First it at the ludicrously simplistic questions and tests they show that Baglien’s suit was settled by a compromise reduced the hoped-for space to a minimum, then it had to take. The psychological tests were an insult to and that Baglien accepted $1,500 from the defen­ wound, multiple bruises and accepted shabby work for what was built. The thing is the intelligence, and included simple vocabulary tests dants. scrapes on the head and face practically junk already. The state should go the rest and the arrangement of colored blocks into patterns. A large number of state newspaper articles and bruises on his shoulder and of the way, junk it, and replace it with a modern The interviews with the psychiatrists and social between January and March of 1977 carried the elbow.” maximum security facility.” workers were laughably shallow and routine, and the complaints of Warm Springs employees that impen­ The walls haven’t fallen yet, but the leaking roof interviewers seemed bored with their own questions. ding budget cuts would mean a fall below minimal was replaced. Court-ordered patients were indiscriminately levels of patient care and a return to warehousing. at Warm Springs last fall, depicting violence at a exposed to radiation from a complete series of head The Board of Visitors’ August 25, 1977 inspection fictitious state mental hospital, was shown national­ and chest X-rays, whether or not physical problems found that the shortage of personnel had reached a ly.” The article added that a state official said “the or brain damage was suspected. The final diagnostic “critical point.” The report concluded: “The max­ kind of violence shown in the movie no longer clinic dispensed the kind of petty perfunctory imum security building does not yet comply with the occurs.” sermons dished out by junior-high counselors to personal rights of patients to adequate privacy, The movie referred to was “The Other Side of Hell” troublemakers. All in all, it was not the kind of in-. regular physical exercise and humane environment. (alternately titled ‘The Next Howling Wind”) and was depth psychic probe that would justify the expense “Presumably, the lack of regular exercise was due based on the true story of a Pennsylvania man who and the lengthy confinement. to the lack of sufficient staff members to carry out the vegetated in the vacuum of a mental hospital for years Some have theorized that county attorneys are program,” the board stated. “The lack of staff does in the 1960’s, where he was force-fed endless bottles able to obtain evaluations more favorable for not appear to be a satisfactory excuse for non- of pills before his eventual escape. prosecution from Warm Springs than from local compliance with the law.” “Montanans have nothing to worry about,” Curt mental health clinics. The Warm Springs psychiatrist Pat Boedecker, a board member during this visit, Chisholm, deputy director at the time of the who examined me shook his head in disbelief when he was quoted in the Oct. 27,1977 issue of the Tribune Department of Institutions, was quoted as saying. He learned I was from Great Falls and said, “Cascade as telling a top aide to the governor that “patients in also pointed out that the new maximum security County just keeps sending more and more people the maximum security unit at the hospital receive facility is only a few years old and “bears no here all the time.” little or no treatment — probably less rehabilitation resemblance to the shabby conditions of the facility Statistics on court-ordered admissions show that than ordinary inmates at the state prison.” shown in the movie.” in both 1975 and 1976, Cascade County — only one The Oct. 14, 1977 issue of the Butte Montana Chisholm’s claim that the building is modern and out of 32 counties — sent almost 25 percent of the Standard reported that three Warm Springs ward thus not in a “shabby condition” is less than true. The court-ordered cases to Warm Springs, even though a attendants had been suspended pending an investiga­ bricks have been replaced, but injustices have not. new mental health center had just been completed in tion that they beat inmate Joe Alexander “moderate­ The construction of the new building was as shoddy The most recent board inspection occurred last Great Falls. ly badly.” (Alexander had been in maximum security as the treatment that would soon take place in it. The board’s April report again criticized Warm three cells down from me two long years earlier.) April 26 through 28. Board consultants stated that Physical Plant Director Mickey Butorovich said in current staff-patient ratios were unacceptable. Springs’ medication practices. The consultant found A Butte doctor examined him and “said the patient the article that the building was designed to have According to a report, “only one registered nurse was no history of patients’ past medication, “which is suffered a slight concussion, a closed head wound, more space for the gymnasium, and one of the wings on duty during the day to provide medical coverage necessarily the basis for the present choice of multiple bruises and scrapes on the head and face and was to have been larger. But the money authorized for two widely separated buildings” (maximum and medications,” and no previous history of adverse bruises on his shoulder and elbow.” for the building wasn’t appropriated in full and minimum security). And only two LPNs were drug reactions of patients, “which again is a major The board investigated the incident and found that cutbacks had to be made. responsible for both units and there were “between factor in choosing current medications.” aides in the minimum security building had no dress The new Warm Springs security building was four and six aides for the maximum security units. Worse yet, the consultant found that “serious drug code and wore “everything from tennis shoes to completed in the spring of 1974 at the cost of Given the limited number of staff, patients were toxicity or reactions which could have been avoided cowboy boots and logging boots.” Alexander was $866,000. Employees at the institution, according to a severely restricted in terms of physical activity.” occurred in three instances and an unnecessary delay apparently kicked with those heavy boots. Sept. 17, 1974 Missoulian article, contended the Aside from exercise three times a week, arts and in changing medications occurred in a fourth case.” The Jan. 19, 1978 issue of the Tribune reported building was poorly planned, contained “tacky crafts and a discussion session once a week, no other Several patients were receiving “inappropriate that attendant Phil Garcia, 19, was accused of construction,” and that employees were hesitant “to scheduled activities take the patients from their “striking Alexander on the head and shoulders, move in.” locked rooms or wards, the board said. “Therefore,

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They’ve patients and might be a great improvement,” Moorse, were not completely rational and one even bordered has been taken off medication.” been warned and warned and warned and warned. of the visitors board, said. on the “irrational.” One anti psychotic drug, for The syndrome can result from the use of the But nothing’s ever done.” Patient Attorney Johnson, under contract to example, was being injected weekly even though phenothiazine class of anti-psychotic drugs and from Dillow’s article reported that the staff level was Montana Legal Services to provide the legal counsel injections “are usually necessary only at three or four other major transquilizers, including such widely “critically low, so low in fact that staff members the board was never funded for, said he is currently in week intervals,” the consultant reported, apparently used trade-name drugs as Thorazine, Stelazine, cannot adequately treat many of the hospital’s 420or the process of setting up a grievance procedure for because it was “easier to remember to administer a Prolixin, Mellaril, and Haldol. These names (or their so patients. In some units, a doctor said, patients are patients. Currently Johnson has only a part-time drug every week rather than every third week.” generic equivalents) appear throughout board getting only care and custody, not treatment, in secretary to help him represent about 400 patients. One area not studied by the Board of Visitors is the reports on Warm Springs drug practices. violation of state law.” Ron Phelps of the Department Perhaps the most hopeful long-term trend is the de­ potential syndrome called tardive dyskinesia which Horowitz estimated that one million Americans are of Institutions told Dillow that recently there was only institutionalization program which began in 1976after develops in patients given long-term treatment with given anti-psychotic drugs every day despite their one staff person on the maximum security ward for a the passage of the Mental Commitment and Treat­ anti-psychotic drugs. Psychiatrist Thomas Szasz, side-effects because they relieve the symptoms of period of time. ment Act. In April, 1974,1,100 patients were held at interviewed in the Summer 1978 issue of the mental illness. But these drugs can’t “cure” mental While watching staff members through my barred Warm Springs. The number now fluctuates between Coevolution Quarterly, said, “You will see the day illness and Dr. Szasz claims that no psychiatrist who door, I often felt we were both prisoners on opposite 375 and 400 patients. Moorse said there were still 24 when the injuries caused by Thorazine and Lithium knows Thorazine’s side-effects would ever take the ends of a double-sided cage. They spread themselves patients in maximum security on Oct. 24, but will be one of the major public health problems in the drug to relieve his own mental problems. Horowitz thin on overcrowded, understaffed wards and Johnson said he thinks court-ordered evaluations are country. There will be tens of thousands of persons quoted former patients who “describe themselves as endured 40-hour-a-week bedlam. The most sym­ becoming less common. walking around poisoned by the major tranquilizers, zombies while on the drugs and liken them to pathetic person would find it hard to really help a Despite a few bright spots, the 1976 letter that Rep. having tardive dyskinesia.” chemical straight-jackets.” patient in this suffocating atmosphere. Ann Mary Dussault sent to Robert Mattson, former In the May 1978 issue of Human Behavior, Joy The Board of Visitors’ April 1978 report criticized The staff was also imprisoned by the obsessive director of the Department of Institutions, still rings Horowitz wrote that from five to 55 percent of understaffing in maximum security and “the need for security. The aides were given hours of true today. Dussault raked Mattson over the coals for patients given anti psychotic drugs for long periods dangerously low” staffing situation in the “outdated, training in police-state security measures but little saying Montanans could be proud of Warm Springs, will develop tardive dyskinesia, and estimates that dilapidated, depressing” Bolton Building. “The sensitivity training in how to relate humanely to an opinion she found “ignorant” and “patently “50,000 people, conservatively speaking, might scandalously pathetic staff/patient ratio allows little in inmates. Native sympathy succumbs quickly to absurd.”' develop this drug-induced form of brain damage each the way of treatment. Treatment plans remain only mistrust at Warm Springs. Dussault continued: “Residents of that institution year.” on paper and patient treatment is in fact patient Dinow’s article quoted a Warm Springs doctor: are not simply entitled to fewer deficiencies in care Afflicted patients exhibit a series of symptoms that warehousing in a decrepit bulding.” “You have to feel safe, you have to be safe, in order to and treatment than they had the year before, they are sound like Joe Cocker wired to the hilt in his glory The board’s warnings about the dangers of give your treatment. And we’re not. entitled to no deficiencies at all. That, Dr. Mattson, is days — shuffling gait, jerky arm and leg movements, understaffing proved prophetic. Dr. Avelina “When I see a patient,” another doctor said, “the when Montanans can be proud.” rhythmic movement of wrists and ankles, cheek Dimerucot was beaten in late September by a male first thing I do is see where I can make a fast exit.” That feeling of pride will have to wait a while. puffing and tongue undulation, compulsive stiffening patient and received a separated rib, bruises on her It’s an impossible situation; no a schizophrenic Dillow’s Sept. 3, 1978 article reported that “some of of neck and arms and speech difficulties. chest and face, and had to have stitiches in her situation. The staff fears the patient, the patient fears the mistakes from the psychiatric Stone Age linger on Although these symptoms sound similar to much forehead and lip. the staff, and the level of bilateral paranoia escalates. today.” A 22-year-old patient named John was of the compulsive hand-rubbing, feet-stamping and Gordon Dillow’s Sept. 3, 1978 Missoulian article Dillow updated his September article on Oct. 3. A committed to Warm Springs for excessive drinking head-swaying observed in the long-term B-wing reported that “she screamed, but there were no month after Dimerucot wee beaten, “staff members and erratic behavior. patients, it's almost impossible to separate a patient’s other staff members around to help. The only other at the hospital have Httle hope that the shortage of “He is still there, 55 years later,” Dillow wrote. “If he personal eccentricities from the drug syndrome staff members on the ward were outside the building staff and lack of security that led to the incident wiU be didn’t require hospitalization back in 1923, he does since, according to Horowitz, patients will turn a for a shift change.” corrected.” DiUow also reported that seven new today; according to staff members, half a century of jerky arm movement caused by the drugs into head Dillow quoted a Warm Springs doctor: “If psychiatric aides had been hired for the maximum living in a mental institution has made it impossible for scratching and claim it’s just a bad habit they picked something happened, there’s not enough staff on a security unit after the beating. John to return to society.” up. And no one can predict how many current Warm ward to handle it.” He added that the hospital A few hopeful signs exist. Maximum security’s new Springs patients will later develop the syndrome admiministration was told months ago that unless supervisor is Charlotte Kuffner, who has been dlXES. " \ SUNDAY PIZZA & BEER BRUNCH 11-2 For FOR 10% Discount Omelettes Made to Order for all students with ID’s WHOLE GRAIN HOT CEREAL — JUST PLAIN on paper, chemicals, darkroom COFFEE & A HOT ROLL $1.99 MUCH MUCH MOREI 10” Beef Pepperoni, Sausuage, Mushroom or supplies, cameras and other items. cheese and a GLASS OF BEER Rental Darkrooms MONTANA KAIMIN Available NOW!! T.G.I.F. (Thank God It’s Friday) STAFF $2.50 per hour for students Noon to 6 10-11 (Happy Hour) POSITIONS enrolled in a Haugens Photography Class. 25* Schooners 5' Schooners for $3.50 per hour for black & white— *1.25 Pitchers *1.00 Pitchers chemicals provided. WINTER 50' Highballs 50' Highballs $4.00 per hour for color— QUARTER chemicals available at a discount. 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