MTM 21-S 3 Interactive.Pdf

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

MTM 21-S 3 Interactive.Pdf SPECIAL EDITION No. 3 Week 28 * Mt.Tron University of Peace Foundation * 2021 Swami Paramananda at Lyngseidet, Tromsø, Norway 1995. Photo: BP. In Search of Truth My experiences with Swami Paramananda Autobiography of a yogi in the West Bjørn Pettersen CONTENTS Prologue (4) Life together with Paramananda Induction Arrival in Norway Paramananda’s Genesis and Life History Copyright The Condor of Transformation The Peace Plateau on Mt.Tron © The Adder’s Message The Truth about Anandacharya’s Rebirth Ios in my Heart Baul on Mt.Tron The Ashram in Rishikesh ”… we are almost the same …” Cosmic Lotuses Around Europe by Inter-Rail Bjørn Pettersen An Indian Yogi on Mt.Tron Journey to North Norway Lost Manuscript and (1) Paramananda’s Smile (5) The University of Peace at Mt.Tron Mt.Tron University of Peace Foundation Unexpected Visit from South India Letter from Swami Paramananda Giri Pilgrimage to Banagram 2560 Alvdal Captivity in Rishikesh The Caves at Udayagiri Norway First Meeting with Paramananda Tripti Ma goes to Norway Tripti Ma The Mt.Tron University of Peace Foundation Five Days in Ranchi Paramananda comes again to Norway Mantra-Diksha Picnic on the Ganges Ramakrishna Darshan Paramananda Visits Norway a Third Time Bjørn Pettersen asserts his moral right to be identified as the author of this book. Problems in Alvdal Art of Life Course at Savalen Difficulties and Plots (2) The Art of Meditation All rights reserved. (6) Forever Paramananda Adaptation to Banagram No reproduction of this text, in full or part, on any kind of medium or in any media, Life in Paramananda Mission Last Appearance in Norway especially in social media, Mental Communication Messages and Predictions without the prior written permission of the author or publisher. The Journey to South India Paramananda Leaves His Physical Body Mahashivaratri and Balyogi Darshan Great Sorrow in Banagram Malaria and Sannyasa Separation and Disintegration This holds good also for translations into other languages. Omkaram Paramananda’s Last Lesson Banagram and Kathmandu Essential Teaching However, writing and sharing reviews is encouraged, Malaria in Norway Who is Paramananda? Paramananda’s poem ”I” including on social media, sharing (3) Transcendence links pointing to the source: Deduction Sadhana at Shantibu Hissing Kundalini Reincarnation and Rishis Within Paramananda’s Aura www.tronuni.org East and West Guru Kripa Science and Spirituality Visit by Friends from Norway ”Soul” and Mind Asgeir’s Passing Away Guru and Sishya (Teacher and Pupil) Turiya at Shantibu The Quest for Truth ”… how the Rishis breathe” The Purpose of Life Baul in the Himalayas Epilogue Letter from Swami Paramananda Giri riches in a few days if I only copied the letter and sent it PARAMANANDA’S SMILE on to ten further addresses. If, on the other hand, I did not follow his request, I would meet a certain and sudden Unexpected visit from South India The reason why I had asked Mr. Reddy about any good death within only four days of receiving the letter. In the guru in India was that I wished to find a secure ashram letter many examples were mentioned, with full names where Saswati could stay. And it was Saswati herself who and addresses, about destinies in both directions; many who suddenly became incredibly rich after not break- It was early on Christmas Eve when the telephone sud- later chose from the two addresses that Mr. Reddy had ish friend, who happened to be the leader of an umbrella ing the chain, and others who had met an abrupt and denly rang and a pleasant male voice introduced some- given. She chose the young Robin in Bengal and there- organization dealing with books, authors’ rights and untimely death only four days after breaking the letter one calling from Oslo and asked if he had got through fore wrote a letter to Mr. Reddy’s friend, Devendranath, publishing houses, so he was just the right man to take chain. The way these unfortunate people had died was to ‘Brahmakul’? “Yes”, I confirmed, “you have”. “Oh yes, in South India. On Thursday, February 3rd 1983, she re- him further. Thus at his second attempt he succeeded. also painted in gruesome detail. Thus the threat seemed you see”, the man continued, clearly relieved, “I have a ceived a nice reply from him. From the letter it became quite creepy and macabre. Saswati became afraid and visitor here, an Indian who is bent on finding Brahmakul clear that Robin’s name was actually Rabindranath and Venkata Reddy stayed only one night as he had already strongly urged me to follow the demand of the priest, - yes, he has actually been searching for Brahmakul for that ‘Robin’ was the English way of writing the Bengali made arrangements to go back to Sweden the next day. and besides, this was our opportunity to get rich easily. the last ten years. His name is Venkata Reddy and he is pronunciation of the name’s short form. He was born on But as he was waiting for the taxi to take him to the rail- But I quickly crumpled the letter, put it in the oven and from South India. Is it possible that he can come and visit December 25th 1954, and thus he was only a year older way station, I asked him if he knew about any genuine lit a fire. I mention this little incident here to demon- Brahmakul? It would mean so much to him!” “Of course, than myself. Attached to the letter was a most fascinating good guru in India – one who was not a fake who would strate how typical it is that together with something very he is heartily welcome! When will he come?”, I asked. black and white photo of Robin together with his Guru, only enchant and ensnare people with miracles and oth- good, something very bad also appears. “Just one moment, I shall ask him”, the man replied, who er nonsense. “Yes”, Mr. Reddy replied at once, “I know of Ramananda Avaduth. It was taken in Uttar Kashi in the was soon back on the phone: “Oh, now my guest is really upper Himalayas immediately after the sannyas ceremo- two. The one is about 70 years old and lives in Kerala, the In India, every year, the night of the New Moon in Febru- happy and he would like to come just as soon as pos- ny of Robin, so that his name was now actually Swami other is young and stays near to Burdwan in West Bengal ary is celebrated as the most important night, spiritually sible, would by train from Oslo tomorrow morning be Paramananda Giri. In the picture they are sitting side - his name is Robin. I do not have his address, but I have speaking, of the whole year and is called Shivaratri - ‘the possible?” “Just put him on the early morning train. I by side outdoors among plants and vegetation, and are a sannyasin friend named Devendranath who is a friend night of Shiva’. The day before, and the whole night, are shall order a taxi for him for the four kilometres from the looking straight at the camera. Paramananda is sitting to of Robin and can take you to him. Devendranath is from spent in fasting and meditation, and those who wish to railway station up to here.” Thanks a lot”, the man con- the right of his guru with a clean shaven head and a shawl South India, but speaks Bengali and knows English very dedicate their lives to the search of truth and for the self- cluded, clearly happy on behalf of his Indian guest. And wrapped around his body, while Ramananda as usual well.” Mr. Reddy just managed to write the address of less service of others are traditionally initiated into san- thus it came to pass that a stranger from South India, in is sitting completely naked (hence the title ‘avaduth’ = Devendranath, as well as the name and address of the nyasa that night. At “Shantibu” Saswati and I were also the year 1982, came all the way to “Shantibu” (formerly ‘without clothes’) with his long matted hair and beard. guru in Kerala, before the taxi arrived and we shared a marking this night. We lit candles and put the photo of “Solbu”)1) on Mt.Tron in Alvdal, Norway, on December The setting was so easy, simple and natural, and the expression hearty farewell. Swami Paramananda and Ramananda Avaduth, which 25th - the very birthday of Swami Paramananda. on their faces looked totally sincere. My very first exclamation on seeing it was: “Yes, this is really something!” we had received just the day before, in front of us and sat down for meditation. Later, in India, Paramananda had The small, dark, middle aged Indian beamed like a child told Saswati that he had seen us for the first time that for having finally found “Brahmakul” after ten long years The next day I received a chain letter, apparently from a night in Alvdal. of tireless search. A great dream had come true. Venkata South American Catholic priest, who promised me huge Reddy’s story was this: Ten years earlier he had found a book in a library in Madras (now Chennai), which had made an indelible impression on him. The book was entitled “Karlima Rani”2) and was written in English by Swami Sri Ananda Acharya. But there was something peculiar about the book, or rather, with its publisher, as on the reverse of the title page was written “Published by: The Brahmakul, Gaurisankar, Scandinavia”. That was all - no mention of Norway even. But what attracted Mr. Reddy the school teacher so much was the word brah- makul, which he found completely fantastic.
Recommended publications
  • Nirodbaran Talks with Sri Aurobindo 01
    Talks with Sri Aurobindo Volume 1 by Nirodbaran Sri Aurobindo Ashram Pondicherry NOTE These talks are from my notebooks. For several years I used to record most of the conversations which Sri Aurobindo had with us, his attendants, and a few others, after the accident to his right leg in November 1938. Besides myself, the regular participants were: Purani, Champaklal, Satyendra, Mulshankar and Dr. Becharlal. Occasional visitors were Dr. Manilal, Dr. Rao and Dr. Savoor. As these notes were not seen by Sri Aurobindo himself, the responsibil- ity for the Master's words rests entirely with me. I do not vouch for absolute accuracy, but I have tried my best to reproduce them faithfully. I have made the same attempt for the remarks of the others. NIRODBARAN i PREFACE The eve of the November Darshan, 1938. The Ashram humming with the ar- rival of visitors. On every face signs of joy, in every look calm expectation and happiness. Everybody has retired early, lights have gone out: great occa- sion demands greater silent preparation. The Ashram is bathed in an atmos- phere of serene repose. Only one light keeps on burning in the corner room like a midnight vigil. Sri Aurobindo at work as usual. A sudden noise! A rush and hurry of feet breaking the calm sleep. 2:00 a.m. Then an urgent call to Sri Aurobindo's room. There, lying on the floor with his right knee flexed, is he, clad in white dhoti, upper body bare, the Golden Purusha. The Mother, dressed in a sari, is sitting beside him.
    [Show full text]
  • Year 4 Issue 8 August 2015 Bihar School of Yoga, Munger, Bihar, India
    Year 4 Issue 8 August 2015 YOGA Bihar School of Yoga, Munger, Bihar, India Hari Om YOGA is compiled, composed and pub lished by the sannyasin disciples of Swami Satyananda Saraswati for the benefit of all people who seek health, happiness and enlightenment. It contains in- formation about the activities of Bihar School of Yoga, Bihar Yoga Editor: Swami Shaktimitrananda Saraswati GUIDELINES FOR SPIRITUAL LIFE Assistant Editor: Swami Yogatirth- ananda Saraswati Song of Govinda YOGA is a monthly magazine. Late subscriptions include issues from January to December. Published by Bihar School of Yoga, Gopala Krishna Govinda Ganga Darshan, Fort, Munger, Bihar Krishna Krishna Govinda God is truth Govinda Printed God is bliss Govinda God is peace Govinda © Bihar School of Yoga 2015 God is knowledge Govinda Membership is held on a yearly God is love Govinda, for application and all correspond- God is light Govinda ence to: Bihar School of Yoga Ganga Darshan Fort, Munger, 811201 This is the teaching Govinda Bihar, India Of all the Vedas Govinda - A self-addressed, stamped envelope Of all the scriptures Govinda must be sent along with enquiries to en- sure a response to your request Goal of life Govinda Is God-realization Govinda Never forget this Govinda. Total no. of pages: 58 (including cover pages) Front cover: Swami Niranjanananda Saraswati, —Swami Sivananda Kolkata, 2014 Plates: 1-4: Swami Niranjanananda’s Kolkata Yatra, 2014 Published and printed by Swami Gyanbhikshu Saraswati on behalf of Bihar School of Yoga, Printed Owned by Bihar School of Yoga Editor: Swami Shaktimitrananda Saraswati YOGA Contents Bhagavad Gita VI:46 An Invitation Swami Niranjanananda Saraswati My work is to guide you so that you —30 July 2014, Netaji Subhash Stadium, Kolkata, India YOGA 4 Siva’s Message to the People of Bengal Swami Sivananda Saraswati 24th September 1950 .
    [Show full text]
  • Exploration of Portuguese-Bengal Cultural Heritage Through Museological Studies
    Exploration of Portuguese-Bengal Cultural Heritage through Museological Studies Dr. Dhriti Ray Department of Museology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India Line of Presentation Part I • Brief history of Portuguese in Bengal • Portuguese-Bengal cultural interactions • Present day continuity • A Gap Part II • University of Calcutta • Department of Museology • Museological Studies/Researches • Way Forwards Portuguese and Bengal Brief History • The Portuguese as first European explorer to visit in Bengal was Joao da Silveira in 1518 , couple of decades later of the arrival of Vasco Da Gama at Calicut in 1498. • Bengal was the important area for sugar, saltpeter, indigo and cotton textiles •Portuguese traders began to frequent Bengal for trading and to aid the reigning Nawab of Bengal against an invader, Sher Khan. • A Portuguese captain Tavarez received by Akbar, and granted permission to choose any spot in Bengal to establish trading post. Portuguese settlements in Bengal In Bengal Portuguese had three main trade points • Saptagram: Porto Pequeno or Little Haven • Chittagong: Porto Grande or Great Haven. • Hooghly or Bandel: In 1599 Portuguese constructed a Church of the Basilica of the Holy Rosary, commonly known as Bandel Church. Till today it stands as a memorial to the Portuguese settlement in Bengal. The Moghuls eventually subdued the Portuguese and conquered Chittagong and Hooghly. By the 18th century the Portuguese presence had almost disappeared from Bengal. Portuguese settlements in Bengal Portuguese remains in Bengal • Now, in Bengal there are only a few physical vestiges of the Portuguese presence, a few churches and some ruins. But the Portuguese influence lives on Bengal in other ways— • Few descendents of Luso-Indians (descendants of the offspring of mixed unions between Portuguese and local women) and descendants of Christian converts are living in present Bengal.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Bengali Studies
    ISSN 2277-9426 Journal of Bengali Studies Vol. 6 No. 1 The Age of Bhadralok: Bengal's Long Twentieth Century Dolpurnima 16 Phalgun 1424 1 March 2018 1 | Journal of Bengali Studies (ISSN 2277-9426) Vol. 6 No. 1 Journal of Bengali Studies (ISSN 2277-9426), Vol. 6 No. 1 Published on the Occasion of Dolpurnima, 16 Phalgun 1424 The Theme of this issue is The Age of Bhadralok: Bengal's Long Twentieth Century 2 | Journal of Bengali Studies (ISSN 2277-9426) Vol. 6 No. 1 ISSN 2277-9426 Journal of Bengali Studies Volume 6 Number 1 Dolpurnima 16 Phalgun 1424 1 March 2018 Spring Issue The Age of Bhadralok: Bengal's Long Twentieth Century Editorial Board: Tamal Dasgupta (Editor-in-Chief) Amit Shankar Saha (Editor) Mousumi Biswas Dasgupta (Editor) Sayantan Thakur (Editor) 3 | Journal of Bengali Studies (ISSN 2277-9426) Vol. 6 No. 1 Copyrights © Individual Contributors, while the Journal of Bengali Studies holds the publishing right for re-publishing the contents of the journal in future in any format, as per our terms and conditions and submission guidelines. Editorial©Tamal Dasgupta. Cover design©Tamal Dasgupta. Further, Journal of Bengali Studies is an open access, free for all e-journal and we promise to go by an Open Access Policy for readers, students, researchers and organizations as long as it remains for non-commercial purpose. However, any act of reproduction or redistribution (in any format) of this journal, or any part thereof, for commercial purpose and/or paid subscription must accompany prior written permission from the Editor, Journal of Bengali Studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Modern-Baby-Names.Pdf
    All about the best things on Hindu Names. BABY NAMES 2016 INDIAN HINDU BABY NAMES Share on Teweet on FACEBOOK TWITTER www.indianhindubaby.com Indian Hindu Baby Names 2016 www.indianhindubaby.com Table of Contents Baby boy names starting with A ............................................................................................................................... 4 Baby boy names starting with B ............................................................................................................................. 10 Baby boy names starting with C ............................................................................................................................. 12 Baby boy names starting with D ............................................................................................................................. 14 Baby boy names starting with E ............................................................................................................................. 18 Baby boy names starting with F .............................................................................................................................. 19 Baby boy names starting with G ............................................................................................................................. 19 Baby boy names starting with H ............................................................................................................................. 22 Baby boy names starting with I ..............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Towards Food Sovereignty Reclaiming Autonomous Food Systems
    Towards Food Sovereignty Reclaiming autonomous food systems Michel Pimbert Reclaiming Diversi TY & CiTizensHip Towards Food Sovereignty Reclaiming autonomous food systems Michel Pimbert Table of Contents Chapter 7. Transforming knowledge and ways of knowing ........................................................................................................................3 7.1. Introduction...............................................................................................................................................................................................3 7.2. Transforming knowledge..........................................................................................................................................................................6 7.2.1. Beyond reductionism and the neglect of dynamic complexity ..........................................................................................6 7.2.2. Overcoming myths about people and environment relations .........................................................................................10 7.2.3. Decolonising economics......................................................................................................................................................17 7.3. Transforming ways of knowing..............................................................................................................................................................22 7.3.1. Inventing more democratic ways of knowing...................................................................................................................22
    [Show full text]
  • Immigration and Identity Negotiation Within the Bangladeshi Immigrant Community in Toronto, Canada
    IMMIGRATION AND IDENTITY NEGOTIATION WITHIN THE BANGLADESHI IMMIGRANT COMMUNITY IN TORONTO, CANADA by RUMEL HALDER A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies of The University of Manitoba in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Anthropology University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba Copyright © 2012 by Rumel Halder ii THE UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES ***** COPYRIGHT PERMISSION IMMIGRATION AND IDENTITY NEGOTIATION WITHIN THE BANGLADESHI IMMIGRANT COMMUNITY IN TORONTO, CANADA by RUMEL HALDER A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies of The University of Manitoba in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Copyright © 2012 by Rumel Halder Permission has been granted to the Library of the University of Manitoba to lend or sell copies of this thesis to the Library and Archives Canada (LAC) and to LAC’s agent (UMI/PROQUEST) to microfilm this thesis and to lend or sell copies of the film, and University Microfilms Inc. to publish an abstract of this thesis. This reproduction or copy of this thesis has been made available by authority of the copyright owner solely for the purpose of private study and research, and may only be reproduced and copied as permitted by copyright laws or with express written authorization from the copyright owner. iii Dedicated to my dearest mother and father who showed me dreams and walked with me to face challenges to fulfill them. iv ABSTRACT IMMIGRATION AND IDENTITY NEGOTIATION WITHIN THE BANGLADESHI IMMIGRANT COMMUNITY IN TORONTO, CANADA Bangladeshi Bengali migration to Canada is a response to globalization processes, and a strategy to face the post-independent social, political and economic insecurities in the homeland.
    [Show full text]
  • Why I Became a Hindu
    Why I became a Hindu Parama Karuna Devi published by Jagannatha Vallabha Vedic Research Center Copyright © 2018 Parama Karuna Devi All rights reserved Title ID: 8916295 ISBN-13: 978-1724611147 ISBN-10: 1724611143 published by: Jagannatha Vallabha Vedic Research Center Website: www.jagannathavallabha.com Anyone wishing to submit questions, observations, objections or further information, useful in improving the contents of this book, is welcome to contact the author: E-mail: [email protected] phone: +91 (India) 94373 00906 Please note: direct contact data such as email and phone numbers may change due to events of force majeure, so please keep an eye on the updated information on the website. Table of contents Preface 7 My work 9 My experience 12 Why Hinduism is better 18 Fundamental teachings of Hinduism 21 A definition of Hinduism 29 The problem of castes 31 The importance of Bhakti 34 The need for a Guru 39 Can someone become a Hindu? 43 Historical examples 45 Hinduism in the world 52 Conversions in modern times 56 Individuals who embraced Hindu beliefs 61 Hindu revival 68 Dayananda Saraswati and Arya Samaj 73 Shraddhananda Swami 75 Sarla Bedi 75 Pandurang Shastri Athavale 75 Chattampi Swamikal 76 Narayana Guru 77 Navajyothi Sree Karunakara Guru 78 Swami Bhoomananda Tirtha 79 Ramakrishna Paramahamsa 79 Sarada Devi 80 Golap Ma 81 Rama Tirtha Swami 81 Niranjanananda Swami 81 Vireshwarananda Swami 82 Rudrananda Swami 82 Swahananda Swami 82 Narayanananda Swami 83 Vivekananda Swami and Ramakrishna Math 83 Sister Nivedita
    [Show full text]
  • Non-Timber Forest Products and Livelihoods in the Sundarbans
    Non-timber Forest Products and Livelihoods in the Sundarbans Fatima Tuz Zohora1 Abstract The Sundarbans is the largest single block of tidal halophytic mangrove forest in the world. The forest lies at the feet of the Ganges and is spread across areas of Bangladesh and West Bengal, India, forming the seaward fringe of the delta. In addition to its scenic beauty, the forest also contains a great variety of natural resources. Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) play an important role in the livelihoods of local people in the Sundarbans. In this paper I investigate the livelihoods and harvesting practices of two groups of resource harvesters, the bauwalis and mouwalis. I argue that because NTFP harvesters in the Sundarbans are extremely poor, and face a variety of natural, social, and financial risks, government policy directed at managing the region's mangrove forest should take into consideration issues of livelihood. I conclude that because the Sundarbans is such a sensitive area in terms of human populations, extreme poverty, endangered species, and natural disasters, co-management for this site must take into account human as well as non-human elements. Finally, I offer several suggestions towards this end. Introduction A biological product that is harvested from a forested area is commonly termed a "non-timber forest product" (NTFP) (Shackleton and Shackleton 2004). The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) defines a non-timber forest product (labeled "non-wood forest product") as "A product of biological origin other than wood derived from forests, other wooded land and trees outside forests" (FAO 2006). For the purpose of this paper, NTFPs are identified as all forest plant and animal products except for timber.
    [Show full text]
  • Imre Bangha, 2007
    INDIAN LANGUAGES AND TEXTS THROUGH THE AGES Essays of Hungarian Indologists in Honour of Prof. Csaba Tottossy Edited by Csaba Dezso MANOHAR 2007 Contents Preface vii Prof. Csaba Tottossy xi 1 MATE ITTZES Remarks on the Periphrastic Constructions with the Verb 'To Make, To Do' in Sanskrit, Greek and Latin 1 First published 2007 2 GABOR TAKAcs © Individual contributors, 2007 Proto-Indo-European Cultural Lexicon: Traces of an © This collection, Manohar Publishers & Distributors, 2007 Afro-Asiatic Substratum 41 All rights reserved. No part ofthis publication may be 3. FERENC RuzsA The Fertile Clash: The Rise ofPhilosophy in India reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, 63 without the prior permission ofthe author and the publisher 4. CSABA DEZSO A Curious Play (kim api rupakam): Bhatta Jayanta's ISBN 81-7304-749-9 Agamarf,ambara in the Light ofClassical Indian Dramaturgy 87 Published by Ajay Kumar Jain for 5. CSABA KIss Manohar Publishers & Distributors Notes on Matsyendrasa/?1hitti 147 4753/23 Ansari Road, Daryaganj New Delhi 110002 6. GERGELY RIDAS Remarks on the Use ofthe Dhara/Jis and Mantras of the Typeset by the editor in 'Computer Modern' and Velthuis' Mahapratisara-Mahavidyarajiii 185 DevanagarI using LaTeX and Peter Wilson's 'memoir' class. 7. PETER-DANIEL SzANTO atra kim prayojanam? An Essay on the Reception and Printed at Naturalization ofkavya in Tibet: Tracing Texts, Reading Lordson Publishers Pvt Ltd Between the Lines and Other Vanities 209 Delhi 110 007 vi CONTENTS 8. DANIEL BALOGH Exploring the Transmission of the Kavitavali of Tulsidas: A Statistical Analysis ofManuscript Relationships 257 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Surviving in the Sundarbans: Threats and Responses
    SURVIVING IN THE SUNDARBANS: THREATS AND RESPONSES focuses on the conduct of different groups and various agencies, and attempts to understand this conduct in the context of deteriorating ecosystem integrity, and heightened vulnerability of human society, where natural processes are averse to human presence, and where the development process is weak. The study explores the socio-political and physical complexities within which sustainable development strategies need to be developed. The emphasis is not so much on how to develop these strategies but on understanding the contrasting forces, competing interests, and contradictions in operation. DANDA In this study the concept of collective or self-organised action is used as an analytical tool to help unravel the complex interactions that take place at different levels and to shed light on conditions associated with better management of the various contradictions at play in the eco-region. Surviving in the Sundarbans: It is argued that the unique eco-region of the Sundarbans requires special policy measures to address ecological sustainability and distributional equity, to overcome the ills that undermine human well-being, and to ensure that Threats and Responses people of this eco-region have the choices to live the way they like and value what they have reason to value. S u r v i v i n g i n t h e S u n d a r b a n s : T h r e a t s a n d R e s p o n s e s 2007 SURVIVING IN THE SUNDARBANS: THREATS AND RESPONSES An analytical description of life in an Indian riparian commons DISSERTATION to obtain the doctor´s degree at the University of Twente, on the authority of the rector magnificus, prof.
    [Show full text]
  • DEVENDRA NATH TIWARI/ Reality:A Statement About It As
    REALITY: A STATEMENT ABOUT IT AS INTELLIGIBLE- BEING Devendra Nath Tiwari Abstract: No reality can get the value of being reality if it is beyond knowledge. It cannot be life and part of practice and cannot serve for the welfare if it is not revealed determinately. It is trivial to say that my reality is beyond my knowledge, separate from me. Misguided approach causes failure to determinate cognition of reality that leads to it as indescribable. In such a paradoxical situation, epistemological proving of Reality gets only a subordinated import. Reality independently from thought and thought isolated from language cannot be the object of philosophical reflections. Metaphysicians construct their systems of reality because of reason and fortify them by the rationale of reason comprising epistemic proofs, arguments, justifications, beliefs, instances and evidences. Do they drive reason in its proper direction? Epistemology is a natural urge of metaphysics; there is no other way to convince about the reasonability and justifiability of the systems. Even in some cases, they accept imagination also as a proof. Some may produce justifications and grounds of justifications of reality while others may find fault with it; to some it may perhaps give incentive to mystification and to some other to skepticism. Reality becomes the problem of philosophical investigation and discussion only when it figures in cognition and then, it is not a thing- in- itself or ontic reality but the intelligible reality expressed by language. It may be an individual or universal, may be beyond or inexpressible, may have a name or unnamable, but that can be known determinately thus only because language presents it so.
    [Show full text]