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Yerevan State Medical University After M. Heratsi
YEREVAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY AFTER M. HERATSI DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY Balasanyan M.G. Zhamharyan A.G. Afrikyan Sh. G. Khachaturyan M.S. Manjikyan A.P. MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY HANDOUT for the 3-rd-year pharmacy students (part 2) YEREVAN 2017 Analgesic Agents Agents that decrease pain are referred to as analgesics or as analgesics. Pain relieving agents are also called antinociceptives. An analgesic may be defined as a drug bringing about insensibility to pain without loss of consciousness. Pain has been classified into the following types: physiological, inflammatory, and neuropathic. Clearly, these all require different approaches to pain management. The three major classes of drugs used to manage pain are opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, and non opioids with the central analgetic activity. Narcotic analgetics The prototype of opioids is Morphine. Morphine is obtained from opium, which is the partly dried latex from incised unripe capsules of Papaver somniferum. The opium contains a complex mixture of over 20 alkaloids. Two basic types of structures are recognized among the opium alkaloids, the phenanthrene (morphine) type and the benzylisoquinoline (papaverine) type (see structures), of which morphine, codeine, noscapine (narcotine), and papaverine are therapeutically the most important. The principle alkaloid in the mixture, and the one responsible for analgesic activity, is morphine. Morphine is an extremely complex molecule. In view of establish the structure a complicated molecule was to degrade the: compound into simpler molecules that were already known and could be identified. For example, the degradation of morphine with strong base produced methylamine, which established that there was an N-CH3 fragment in the molecule. -
4695389.Pdf (3.200Mb)
Non-classical amine recognition evolved in a large clade of olfactory receptors The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Li, Qian, Yaw Tachie-Baffour, Zhikai Liu, Maude W Baldwin, Andrew C Kruse, and Stephen D Liberles. 2015. “Non-classical amine recognition evolved in a large clade of olfactory receptors.” eLife 4 (1): e10441. doi:10.7554/eLife.10441. http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/ eLife.10441. Published Version doi:10.7554/eLife.10441 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:23993622 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA RESEARCH ARTICLE Non-classical amine recognition evolved in a large clade of olfactory receptors Qian Li1, Yaw Tachie-Baffour1, Zhikai Liu1, Maude W Baldwin2, Andrew C Kruse3, Stephen D Liberles1* 1Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States; 2Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States; 3Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States Abstract Biogenic amines are important signaling molecules, and the structural basis for their recognition by G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) is well understood. Amines are also potent odors, with some activating olfactory trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs). Here, we report that teleost TAARs evolved a new way to recognize amines in a non-classical orientation. -
Crowdsourcing Analysis of Off-Label Intervention Usage in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclersosis
CROWDSOURCING ANALYSIS OF OFF-LABEL INTERVENTION USAGE IN AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLERSOSIS A Thesis Presented to The Academic Faculty by Benjamin I. Mertens In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree B.S. in Biomedical Engineering with the Research Option in the Wallace H. Coulter School of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Spring 2017 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my research advisor, Dr. Cassie Mitchell, first and foremost, for helping me through this long process of research, analysis, writing this thesis and the corresponding article to be submitted for peer-reviewed journal publication. There is no way I could have done this, or written it as eloquently without her. Next, I would like to acknowledge Grant Coan, Gloria Bowen, and Nathan Neuhart for all helping me on the road to writing this paper. Lastly, I would like to thank Dr. Lena Ting for her consultation as the faculty reader. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 2 LIST OF TABLES 4 LIST OF FIGURES 5 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 6 SUMMARY 7 CHAPTERS 1 Philosophy 9 2 Crowdsourced Off-label Medications to Extend ALS Disease Duration 12 Introduction 12 Methodology 15 Results 18 Discussion 25 Tables 33 Figures 38 APPENDIX A: All Table 2 Appearance in Patients and Visits 44 APPENDIX B: All Table 3 Appearance in Patients and Visits 114 REFERENCES 129 3 LIST OF TABLES Page Table 1: Database Overview 33 Table 2: Ontology of Individual Medications 34 Table 3: Ontology of Intervention Groups 36 4 LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1: Relational circle -
Disposition of T Oxic Drugs and Chemicals
Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man, Eleventh Edition Eleventh Edition in Man and Chemicals Drugs Toxic Disposition of The purpose of this work is to present in a single convenient source the current essential information on the disposition of the chemi- cals and drugs most frequently encountered in episodes of human poisoning. The data included relate to the body fluid concentrations of substances in normal or therapeutic situations, concentrations in fluids and tissues in instances of toxicity and the known metabolic fate of these substances in man. Brief mention is made of specific analytical procedures that are applicable to the determination of each substance and its active metabolites in biological specimens. It is expected that such information will be of particular interest and use to toxicologists, pharmacologists, clinical chemists and clinicians who have need either to conduct an analytical search for these materials in specimens of human origin or to interpret 30 Amberwood Parkway analytical data resulting from such a search. Ashland, OH 44805 by Randall C. Baselt, Ph.D. Former Director, Chemical Toxicology Institute Bookmasters Foster City, California HARD BOUND, 7” x 10”, 2500 pp., 2017 ISBN 978-0-692-77499-1 USA Reviewer Comments on the Tenth Edition “...equally useful for clinical scientists and poison information centers and others engaged in practice and research involving drugs.” Y. Caplan, J. Anal. Tox. “...continues to be an invaluable and essential resource for the forensic toxicologist and pathologist.” D. Fuller, SOFT ToxTalk “...has become an essential reference book in many laboratories that deal with clinical or forensic cases of poisoning.” M. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0314884 A1 Cheyene (43) Pub
US 20140314884A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0314884 A1 Cheyene (43) Pub. Date: Oct. 23, 2014 (54) HEALTH SUPPLEMENT USING GUARANA A61E36/53 (2006.01) EXTRACT A613 L/455 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. (71) Applicant: Shaahin Cheyene, Venice, CA (US) CPC ............... A61K 36/534 (2013.01); A61K 36/53 (2013.01); A61K 36/16 (2013.01); A61K 36/41 (72) Inventor: Shaahin Cheyene, Venice, CA (US) (2013.01); A6 IK3I/522 (2013.01); A61 K 3I/714 (2013.01); A61 K3I/455 (2013.01); (21) Appl. No.: 13/751,151 A6 IK3I/221 (2013.01); A61 K3I/685 (2013.01); A61 K3I/198 (2013.01); A61 K (22) Filed: Apr. 17, 2013 31/4375 (2013.01); A61K 31/439 (2013.01): A6 IK3I/05 (2013.01) Publication Classification USPC .......................................................... 424/745 (51) Int. Cl. (57) ABSTRACT A6 IK36/534 (2006.01) The current invention is a Supplement made from a combina A6 IK 36/6 (2006.01) tion of herbs, vitamins, amino acids which in the preferred A6 IK 36/4I (2006.01) embodiment is a 100% vegetarian liquid capsules that are A6 IK3I/522 (2006.01) ingested allow for rapid absorption. The components of the A6 IK3I/714 (2006.01) Supplement can be mint or menthol Such as peppermint or A6 IK3I/05 (2006.01) spearmint, Methyl B12 or B12, Niacin, Guarana, Dimethy A6 IK3I/22 (2006.01) laminoethanol, Acetyl-L-carnitine or ALCAR, Ocimum A6 IK3I/685 (2006.01) tenuiflorum, one or more teas Such as green tea, white tea or A6 IK3I/98 (2006.01) black tea, Ginkgo, Rhodiola rosea, phosphatidylserine, A6 IK3I/4375 (2006.01) Tyrosine, L-Alpha Glycerylphosphorylcholine, Citicoline A6 IK3I/439 (2006.01) (INN), Huperzine A, and Vinpocetine. -
Le Baclofène Et L'alcool 3 Nouveaux Paradigmes
Académie Nationale de Pharmacie Lien d’intérêt : Ethypharm/Lundbeck 04/06/2014 Pr P.Jaury Université Paris Descartes 1 Les 3 nouveaux paradigmes proposés: l’abstinence totale ne serait plus nécessaire pour traiter les problèmes d’alcoolisme. « L’abstinence ,n’est plus un objectif mais une conséquence du traitement ». On pourrait soigner efficacement les patients non dépendants ayant un problème d’alcool. On pourrait obtenir « l’indifférence à l’alcool ». 04/06/2014 Pr P.Jaury Université Paris Descartes 2 LE BACLOFENE (AMM) Lioresal®: 1972. AMM : -contractures spastiques de la SEP. -contractures spastiques des affections médullaires (d'étiologie infectieuse, dégénérative, traumatique, néoplasique). -contractures spastiques d'origine cérébrale. -maximum 75 mg par jour en ambulatoire. 04/06/2014 Pr P.Jaury Université Paris Descartes 3 LE BACLOFENE et son action il augmente l’activité GABA (agoniste des récepteurs GABA b) et diminue celle du glutamate. Ce qui réduirait l’activité de la dopamine. Et donc action sur les mécanismes cérébraux de la récompense? 04/06/2014 Pr P.Jaury Université Paris Descartes 4 Médicaments et récepteurs GABA Les benzodiazépines, les barbituriques, le topiramate (Epitomax®), la gabapentine (Neurontin®), la prégabaline (Lyrica®) et les valproates (Dépamide®, Dépakine® et Dépakote®) agissent sur les récepteurs GABA a. Ainsi que l’acamprosate (Aotal ®). Les autres substances connues agissant sur les récepteurs GABA b sont le gamma- hydroxybutyrate ou GHB (Alcover® en Italie et en Autriche dans le traitement de l’alcoolisme en première intention) , le Phénibut® et le Picamilon® en Russie. 04/06/2014 5 Pr P.Jaury Université Paris Descartes LE BACLOFENE et la cocaïne À la dose de 5mg/kg, le baclofène réduit l’auto-administration de cocaïne chez le rat. -
Rat Brain Phosphatidyl-N,N-Dimethylethanolamine Is Rich in Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
Journal oj Neurochemistry Raven Press. New York 10 1985 International Society for Neurochemistry Rat Brain Phosphatidyl-N,N-Dimethylethanolamine Is Rich in Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Mariateresa Tacconi and Richard J. Wurtman Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Regulation, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Abstract: Phosphatidyl - N,N - dimethylethanolamine analysis of its FAs (36.9 :t 1.8 g/g). The FAs in the PE (PDME), an intermediate in the formation of phosphati- and PC of rat brain synaptosomes were also analyzed; dylcholine (PC) by the sequential methylation of phos- too little PDME was present in synaptosomes to permit phatidylethanolamine (PE), was purified from rat brain similar analysis. The percentage of unsaturated FAs in- and its fatty acid (FA) composition compared with those synaptosomal PE was even higher (43.4 vs. 27.7) than that of brain PC and PE. The proportion of polyunsaturated in PE prepared from whole brain. Since synaptosomes fatty acids (PUFAs) in the PDME (29.8%) was similar to have a very high activity of phosphatidyl-N-methyltrans- that of PE (27.7%) and much greater than in PC (2.8%). ferase, the enzyme complex that methylates PE to form Like the PUFAs of PE, the major PUFAs found in PDME PC, this enzyme may serve, in nerve endings, to produce were arachidonic acid (20:4) and docosahexaenoic acid a particular pool of PC, rich in PUFAs, which may have (22:6). An isotopic method was developed to quantify the a distinct physiological function. Key Words: Fatty PDME purified from brain; a tritiated methyl group from acid composition - Phos phatid ylethanolamine-N -meth- CHJI was transferred to the PDME in the presence of yltransferase - Phosphatidyl - N,N - dimethylethanol- cyclohexylamine to form pH]PC, and the radioactivity of amine-Rat brain. -
Biochemical Development of Surface Activity in Mammalian Lung. IV
Pediat. Res. 6: 81-99 (1972) Developmental physiology lung hyaline membrane disease phospholipids infants respiratory distress syndrome lecithin surfactant Biochemical Development of Surface Activity in Mammalian Lung. IV. Pulmonary Lecithin Synthesis in the Human Fetus and Newborn and Etiology of the Respiratory Distress Syndrome Louis GLUCK1391, MARIE V. KULOVIGH, ARTHUR I. EIDELMAN, LEANDRO CORDERO, AND AIDA F. KHAZIN Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA Extract The surface-active complex lining alveoli in normal lung lowers surface tension on ex- piration, thus preventing alveolar collapse. Surface activity follows a developmental timetable. Infants with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) almost ex- clusively are prematurely born, and their lungs lack adequate surface activity and are deficient in the principal surface-active component, lecithin. This deficiency implies that RDS is a "disease of development," with fetal and neonatal timetables for lecithin synthesis. The biosynthesis of lung lecithin in the living human infant was studied by examining phospholipids in lung effluent (pharyngeal aspirates, mucus), which have identical phospholipids to those in lung lavage (alveolar wash). The fatty acid esters of isolated lecithin and phosphatidyl dimethylethanolamine (PDME) were examined. The fi-carbon fatty acids are indicators of the primary pathways of synthesis of lecithin: (1) a preponderance of palmitic acid signifying cytidine diphosphate choline (CDP-choline) + D-a,{3-diglyceride -+lecithin (choline incorporation pathway) and (2) a preponder- ance of myristic acid signifying phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) + 2 CH3 —»• PDME + CHZ —> lecithin (methylation pathway). Fetal lung of 18 and 20 weeks showed slight incorporation by GDP-choline pathway, absence of PDME, and almost no methylation. -
The Efficacy and Safety of Six-Weeks of Pre-Workout Supplementation in Resistance Trained Rats
W&M ScholarWorks Undergraduate Honors Theses Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 4-2017 The Efficacy and Safety of Six-Weeks of Pre-Workout Supplementation in Resistance Trained Rats Justin P. Canakis College of William and Mary Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses Part of the Animal Sciences Commons, Exercise Science Commons, Laboratory and Basic Science Research Commons, and the Other Nutrition Commons Recommended Citation Canakis, Justin P., "The Efficacy and Safety of Six-Weeks of Pre-Workout Supplementation in Resistance Trained Rats" (2017). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 1128. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/1128 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 2 Title Page……………………………………………………………………………………...…..1 Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………………....5 Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………………….………..6 Background.………………………………………………………………………..……………...7 DSEHA and its Effect on the VMS Industry………………...……………………………7 History of Adverse Side Effects from Pre-Workout Supplements ………….……………8 Ingredient Analysis ………………………………………..……………….……………..……....9 2.5g Beta-Alanine…………………………..……………………………………………..9 1g Creatine Nitrate……………………………...……………………………………..…12 500mg L-Leucine……………………………………………………………………...…16 500mg Agmatine Sulfate……………………….………………………………..………18 -
1 Doctor Recommended for Ear Ringing Relief
6/17/2019 Amazon.com: Premium Brain Function Supplement – Memory, Focus, Clarity – Nootropic Booster with DMAE, Bacopa Monnieri, L-Glutamine, Multi… Skip to main content All Try Prime brain supplement Deliver to EN Hello, Sign in 0 Guilford 06437 Today's Deals Your Amazon.com Gift Cards Account & Lists Orders Try Prime Cart ‹ Back to results Premium Brain Function Supplement – Memory, Focus, Clarity Price: $18.95 ($0.32 / Count) $19.95 $1.00 (5%) – Nootropic Booster with DMAE, Bacopa Monnieri, L- FREE Shipping on orders over $25—or get FREE Two-Day Shipping with Amazon Prime 1,425 customer reviews | 82 answered questions Extra $1.00 Off Coupon on first Subscribe and Save order only. Details In Stock. Sold by Arazo Nutrition and Fulfilled by Amazon. Subscribe & Save 5% 15% $18.95 ($0.32 / Count) Save 5% now and up to 15% on auto- deliveries. Learn more Get it Tuesday, Jun 18 One-time Purchase $19.95 ($0.33 / Count) 1+ Qty: Deliver every: 1 1 month ( Most common ) Subscribe now Add to List About the product ★ SCIENTIFICALLY FORMULATED – We carefully combined just the right amount of 41 ingredients into a premium formula designed to boost your focus, memory, concentration Other Sellers on Amazon 2 new from $19.95 and clarity. Perfect for college students, busy moms and aging seniors over 50. ★ FOCUS, MEMORY & CLARITY – Brain Plus is an all-natural Nootropic, formulated to help $22.95 ($0.38 / Count) & FREE Shipping on eligible Add to Cart support memory and cognition. The perfect blend of ingredients will increase oxygen and orders. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9.066,853 B2 Clay (45) Date of Patent: Jun
USOO9066853B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9.066,853 B2 Clay (45) Date of Patent: Jun. 30, 2015 (54) CLONIDINE COMPOUNDS INA 3.? R 1939: Shashekar et al. BODEGRADABLE FIBER 6,723,741W - 4 B2 4/2004 Jeonawinney et al. 6,756,058 B2 6/2004 Brubaker et al. (71) Applicant: Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc., Warsaw, IN 6,773,714 B2 8, 2004 SN al (US) 6,921,541 B2 7/2005 Chasin et al. 6,974.462 B2 12/2005 Sater (72) Inventor: Danielle L. Clay, Collierville, TN (US) 7,166.5707,144,412 B2 12/20061/2007 Wolfetal.Hunter et al. 7,220.281 B2 5/2007 Lambrecht et al. (73) Assignee: Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc., Warsaw, IN 7,229,441 B2 6, 2007 E. t e (US) 7,235,043 B2 6/2007 Gellman et al. 7,287,983 B2 10/2007 Ilan (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 2. g E: 3. My patent is extended or adjusted under 35 7361, 168 B2 4/2008 Miiver et al. U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. 7,367,978 B2 5/2008 Drewry et al. 7,875,054 B2 * 1/2011 LaFontaine ................... 606,213 (21) Appl. No.: 13/741,475 8, 158,143 B2 * 4/2012 Lendlein et al. .............. 424/426 2002fOOO9454 A1 1/2002 Boone et al. 2002/0090398 A1 7/2002 Dunn et al. (22) Filed: Jan. 15, 2013 2002/0183855 A1 12/2002 Yamamoto et al. ........ 623/23.51 2003. O144570 A1* 7, 2003 Hunter et al. ...... (65) Prior Publication Data 2003/0153972 A1* 8, 2003 Helmus ....................... -
Nutritional and Herbal Therapies for Children and Adolescents
Nutritional and Herbal Therapies for Children and Adolescents A Handbook for Mental Health Clinicians Nutritional and Herbal Therapies for Children and Adolescents A Handbook for Mental Health Clinicians George M. Kapalka Associate Professor, Monmouth University West Long Branch, NJ and Director, Center for Behavior Modifi cation Brick, NJ AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON NEW YORK • OXFORD • PARIS • SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier 32 Jamestown Road, London NW1 7BY, UK 30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA 525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, CA 92101-4495, USA Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (44) (0) 1865 853333; email: [email protected]. Alternatively, visit the Science and Technology Books website at www.elsevierdirect.com/rights for further information Notice No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material