228 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. DECEl\illER 17'
By Mr. WILLIS, of Kentucky: Papers relating to the claim of John The VICE-PRESIDENT also laid before tlie Senate the fdllowing B. Davis for carrying United States mails-to the Committee on the concurrent resolution fi:om the Hoose of Representatives; which was Post-Office and Post-Roads. read, and referred to the Committee on Printing: Also, the petition of H. C. Murrell and others, of Louisville, Ken Resolved by the House of Representatives, (the Senate concurring,) That there be tucky for a change in the tariff on sugars-to the Committee 9f printed at the Government Printing Office 3,000 copies each of volumes 3, 8, and 13 of the final reports of the Goolo~cal and Geographical Survey of the Territories 'Vnys and Means. in quarto form with the necessary illustrations; 1,500 copie of which shall be for Dy Mr. YEATES : The petition of William E. Bond, of Calhoun the use of the nouse of Representatives, 500 for the use of the Senate, 500 for the County North Carolina, for relief-to the Committee of Claims. nse of tho survey and 500 for the use of the Department of the Interior; the illus trations to be made by tile Public Printer, under the direction of the .Toint Com mittee on Public Printing. HOC E BILL REFERRED. The following bills and joint resolution from tbe.Houso of Repre IN SENATE. sentatives were severally read twice by their titles, and referred as TUESDAY, 17, 1878. indicated below : Decembm-· The bill (H. R. No. 5514) to amend the act entitled "An act making · Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. BYRON Sm.-nERLA:.ND, D. D. appropriations for the service of the Government for the fiscal year The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and approved. ending June 30, 1872, and for former years, and for other purposes," EXECUTIVE CO.l\IMUNICATIONS. approved Ma.y 18, 1872--to the· Committee on Claims. The bill (H. R. No. 5532) authorizing the donation of twenty con The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communication demned bronze cannon to aid in the erection of a monument to the from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting, in compliance with memory of Generai George A. Custer at the Military Academy at West section 4690 of the Revised Statutes, a report by Carlisle P. Patter Point-to the Committee on Military Afl'airs. son, superintendent of the Coa.st and Geodetic Survey, showing the The joint resolution (H. R. No. 206) providing for the distribution progress made in the survey of the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific coasts of the Revised Statutes of the United States to the Post-Office Depart during the year ending June 30,1878; which was ordered to lie upon ment-to the Committee on Printing. the table, and be printed. He also laid before the Senate a communication from the Secretary COURTS m WEST VffiGTh-ru.. of War, calling the attention of the Senate to estimates of appropri The bill (H. R. No. 5535) changing the time of holding the terms ations required for the subsistenctrOf the Army for the fiscal year of the United States circuit court for the district of West Virginin. ending June 30, 1880, reported on page 70 of the Book of Estimates was read twice by its title. · for 1879- 0; which was referred to the Committee on Appropriations, Mr. HEREFORD. I ask the Senate to consider the bill at this m1d ordered to be printed. time. It is purely a local matter. He also laid before .the Senate a communication from the Secretary The VICE-PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the present consid of War, transmitting a letter from the Quartermaster-General in ref eration of the billY The ·Chair hears none. erenee to an appropriation of 25,000 for barracks at Fortress Monroe, The Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, proceeded to consider Virginia, and suggesting that a further sum of $34,000 be granted to the bill. complete the barracks building at that place; which was referred to The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, and ordered the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be printeu. to a third reading. He also laid before the Senate a communication from the Secretary The VICE-PRESIDENT. The bill will be read at length oa its of War, transmitting, in compliance with a resolution of the Senate third reading. of December 10, 187~, the report of Major John Wilson, of the Corps The Secretary read the bill, as follows : of Engineers, showing the results of surveys of the ports of Fair Be it enacted, tl:c., That hereafter the circuit court of the United Stn.tes for the weather, Port Orford, Coos Bay, A1sea, and Coquille River, Oregon; district of West Virginia shall be held at Parkersburgh on the lOth day of .Tan which was referred to the Committee on Commerce, and ordered to nary and of .Tune, and when either of said days shall fall on Sunday the term.s shall commence on the following Monday; and all pending: cases, process, rules, and be printed. - proceedings shall be conducted in the same manner and with the same effect as to He also laid before the Senate a communication from the Secretary time as if thls act had not been passed. of the Treasury, transmitting, in compliance with a resolution of the Senate of June 14, 1878, a statement of the Register of the Trerumry The VICE-PRESIDENT. Shall tire bill pass f showing the amount of money expended by the United States for the Mr. HOAR. I do not wish to interfere with what is tho local interest various public works in each State and Territory from June 30,1873, of West Virginia, but I desire to inquire of the Senators from that to J nne 30, 1878; which was referred· to the Committee on Public State if it is not a very inconvenient arrangement to have a term of Buildings and Grounds, and ordered to be printed. a court to begin on a certain day of the month.z instead of having it He also laid before the Senate a communication from the Secretary begin on some Monday or Tuesday or Wednesaay. The lOth·day of Qf the Treasury, transmitting t:Qe information called for in a resolu the month may fall on Saturday or Friday. tion of the Senate of the 3d instant, directing him "to inform the Sen Mr. HEREFORD. I see no trouble about the provisions of tbe·bm. ate what amount and denomination of silver coin has been received Mr. MITCHELL. Or the lOth may fall on Sunday, for that matter. in payment of customs dues since the beginning of the current fiscal Mr. HOAR. The uill·provides for that. year, and whether or not he has applied the silver coin so received in Mr. HEREFORD. I desire simply to say that this bill, as I am whole or in part to the payment of the interest on the bonds or notes informed by my colleague in the House who repre ents that imme of the United States," &c.; which, on motion of 1\Ir. BEcK, was or diate district, was introduced at the request of Judge Bond, the eir dered tQ lie on the table and be printed. cuit judge, so as to snit his convenience for the other courts that be has to bold in different parts of the circuit ; and the time of meeting JOINT COMMITTEE ON PRINTING. cannot fall on Sunday, by the provisions of the bill. The VICE-PRESIDENT appointed, under the provisions of theRe Mr. HOAR. I understand ; but I do not think the Senator sees my vised Statutes, Mr. ANTamrr, Mr. SARGENT, and Mr. WHYTE as the point. As I understand the arrangements for terms of court, both members of the Joint Committee on Printing on the part of the Sen United States courts and State courts, as a rule in this country, we ate. fix the day as on a certain 1\Ionday of the month or a certain Tuesday, • l\IILITARY ACADEMY APPROPRIATION BILL. or a certain Monday or other day after the :first Monday: To require The Senate proceeded to consider its amendments to the bill (H. them to begin at a certain day of the month brings the beginning of R. No. 5230) making appropriations for the support of the Military the term, when jurors, witnesses., parties, the bar, the judge, have to Academy for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1880, and for other pur be present, perhaps on a Saturday, perhaps on Friday, the most incon poses, disagreed to by the House of Representatives. venient day for the comm~ncemeut of the term of a court;. That for On motion of Mr. WINDOM, it was- the convenience of the judge alon~ such great inconvenience should R-esolved, That the Senate insist upon its amendments to the said bill disagreed be done to the public seems to me a strange thing. If the Senators to by the House of Representatives, and ask a conference with the House on the from that State insist upon having that inconvenient arrangement disagreeing votes of the two Houses thereon.. made·for their people I do not suppose it is the business of anybody By unanimous consent, it was- else to object. • O,·dered, That the committee on the part of the Senn.te be appointed by the Vice Mr. HEREFORD. The time fixed is suitable to the members of President, the bar, the attorneys, and all parties, and the biil relates to Wast The VICE-PRESIDENT appointed Mr. ALLiso~, Mr. BLATh'"E, and Virginia alone. 1\Ir. DA YI of \Vest Virginia as the conferees on the part of the Senate. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The question is on the passage of the bill. TERRITORIAL SURVEYS. The bill was passed. The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the following con current resolution from the House of Representatives; which was read, PETITIOXS AND MEMORIALS. and referred to the Committee on Printing: Mr. BAYARD presented the petition of Patrick Gunning of Dela Resolved by the Housr. of Representative8, (the Senate concurring,) That there be ware, praying compensation for losses by flood sustained by }ili;i while print~d 10,000 copies of Professor Hayden's twelftll annual report of the Geological in the service of the United States Government at Fort Delaware on and Geographical Survey of the Territories for 1878; 5,000 of which shall be for the use o:f the Houso of Representatives, 2, 000 copies for the use of the Senate, 2, 000 the 23d of October, 1878; which was referred to the Committee on copies for the use of the Department of the Interior, and 1,000 copies for the nse of Military Affairs. · the office of the survey. Mr. WHYTE presented the memorial of the Board of Trade of Ba.l- 1878. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 229 timore City, in favor of the pas age of a law appropxiating a sum of directed me .to report it back again to the Senate favorably and to money for the construction and maintenance of a light-ship on the recommend xts passage. I al8o ask that it be placed on the Calendar upper middle ground in Chesapeake Bay; which was referretl to the in the order in which it stood at the time of its recommittal. Committee on Commerce. · The VICE-PRESIDENT. To this tho Chair hears no objection. He also presented the petition of Captain Trocks, of the steamship .Mr. SPENCER. I am directed by the Committee on Military Affairs, Sarmatium, and other masters of foreign steamships, praying for the to wpom was referred the memorial of Horatio D. J arves, suggesting passage of a law appropriating a sum of money for the construction defects in the pension laws, and praying the amendment thereof, to and maintenance of a light-ship on the upper middle ground in Ches repert the same back to the Senate, and to say that it was referred to apeake Bay; which was referred to the Committee on Commerce. the Committee on Military Affairs through mistake. I move that it He also presented the petition of Decatur H. Miller, president of be referred t.o the Committee on Pensions. the Boru-d of Trade of Baltimore, praying for the passage of an act The motion was a-greed to. authorizing the erection of a light upon the shoal making out from Mr. SPENCER, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to w·hom Sandy Point on the west side of Chesapeake Bay; which was referred was referrod the bill (S. No. 1434) to compensate George \V. Morse to the Committee on Commerce. ' for his labor and expenses in adapting his system of breech-loading :Mr. KERNAN presented the petition of D. R. Baker and others, fi.re-!l.rms and ammunition to the arms of the United Sta,tes, asked to citizens of New York, praying the prompt passage of the bill (H. R. be discharged from its further consideration, and that it be referred No. 42is4) providing for arrears of pensions; which was ordered to lie to the Committee on Patents; which was agreed to. . on the table. Mr. HAMLIN, from the Committee on Foreign Relations, to whom He also presented certain papers relating to the claim of Flora A. were referred the following petition, memorials, and message from Darling for indemnification for losses and damages alleged to have the President of the United States, asked to be discharged from their been sustained to person a.nd property during the late war; which further consideration; which was agreed to: were referred to the Committee on Claims. The petition of Austin Packard and others, of New York, praying :Mr. :McPHERSON presented the petition of the Vessel-Owners and that a commission be appointed to communicate with othe:r; nations~ Captains' Association of Philadelphia, representing the shipping in with a view of having a railroad built across the continent of Africa; terests of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware, praying that the 'l'he memorial of the yearly meeting of the Society of Friends, present navigation laws may continue without alteration ; which was held at ?utnam County, Illinois, on the subject of international arbi referred to the Committee on Commerce. tration as a mode of adjusting differences between nations ; Mr. INGALLS presented the petition of Seth Ingalsbee, late of Com The memoiial of Theodore D. Woolsey and other citizens of New 'any C, Tenth Regiment Illinois Cavalry, praying for a pension; Haven, Connecticut, praying assistance for the Chinese who are suf which was referred to the Committee on Pensions. fering from the existing famine in the northern province of Qhina ; He also presented the petition of John Davison, late of Company ~d . C, Forty-seventh Illinois Volunteers, praying for an increase of pen The message of the President of the United States, communicating, ion; which was referred to the Committee on Pensions. in answer to a Senate resolution of May 27, 1878, a report of the He also presented a letter from the Commissioner of Pensions, in Secretary of State in relation to tlte selection of M. Maurice Del relation to the claim of Phcebe Parke, widow of Ranny Parke, pray fosse as a commissioner under the treaty of Washington on the fish ing to b~ allowed a pension; which was referred to the Committee eries question. on Penswns. 1\Ir. BOOTH, from the Committee on Public Lands, to whom was Mr. MITCHELL presented the petition of John R. McBride, of Salt referred the bill (S. No. 1441) for the relief of homestead settlers on Lake, Utah Territory, praying compensa·tion for professional services the public lands, reported it with amendments, and submitted a re rendered in certain judicial proceedings in Utah; which was referred port thereon; which was ordered to be printed. to the Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. COCKRELL, from the Committee on Military Affairs,.to whom Mr. CAMERON, of Wisconsin, pr~sented the petition of Mrs. 0. H. wa.s referred the bill (S. No. 1009) for the relief of Peter Phillips, Harris and others, citizens of Oshkosh, Wisconsin, praying for tho reported it without amendment, and submitted a report thereon; passage of a law making effective the anti-polygamy law of 1862; which was ordered to be printed. . which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. :Mr. DORSEY, from the Committee on the District of Columbia, He also presented the petition of Mrs. :Martha Allen Lachman, pray presented certain plans for the improvement of the sewerage and the ing compensation for the .ser\'tices rendered by her husband, Henry sanitary condition of the District of Columbia, submitted to the com Lachman, during the late war as a detective; which was referred to mittee under the authority of a resolution adopted by the Sen:tte J nne the Committee on Claims. 13, 1878; which were recommitted to the Committee on the District .Ur. CAMERON, of Pennsylvania, presented a petition of John E. of Columbia, and ordered to be printed: Dowling, James Mershon, and Stephen Emory, members of the Marine Mr. WINDOM, from the Committee on Appropriations, to whom was :Engineers' Association, No. 13, of Philadelphia, praying that in the referred the bill (H. R. No. 5484) making appropriations for the pay considemtion of the bill commonly known as the steamboat bill by ment of invalid ·and other pensions of the United States for the year the Senate the questions of the reduction of license fees, of the alien ending June 30, ltl80, reported it with amendments. law, and of making engineers officers of ships may be considered; Mr. PLUMB, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to whom was which was referred to the Committee on Commerce. referred the bill (S. No. 149'2) to amend section 15 of an act entitled He also presented re~olntions adopted at a meeting of the board of "An act making appropriations for the support of the Army for the ilirectors of the VesEel-Owners and Captains' Association, held in Phil fiscal year ending J nne 30, 1879, and for other purpo es," approved adelphia December 5, 187 , remonstrating against any change in the June 1<', ld78, reported it with amendments. navigatitm laws by which foreign-built and foreign-owned ships shall be admitted to American enrollment and registry; which were referred Al\"DREW MUCKLE. to the Committee on Commerce. Mr. PLUMB. I am also instructed hy the Committee on Military Mr. VOORHEES presented the petition of the mayor and city conii Affairs, to whom wa.s referred the bill (H. R. No. 5485) for the relief cil of Elkhart, Indiana, and 80 other citizens of that place, praying of Andrew Muckle, to report it without amendment, and I am als& for the passage of a law granting arrears of pensions to the soldiers instructed by the committee to ask the immediate consideration of of the war for the preservation of the Union ; which was ordered to the bill. lie on the table. · By unanimous consent, the enate, as in Committee of the Whole, l\fr.l3AILEY presented a memorial of the general conference of proceeded to consider the bill. It directs tho Adjutant-General of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, in favor of the payment of the Army to remove any charge of desertion which may stanu on his the claim of the book-agents of the Methodist Episcopal Church records against Andrew Muckle, late a private in Compaay F of the South for property alleged to have been seized and appropriated by Fifteenth Regiment of Michigan Inf:mtry Volnnteers, and t,o forth the United States military authorities at Nashville, Tennessee, dur with grant him an honorable discharge. And the Commissioner of ing the late war; which was ordered to lie on the table. the General Land Office is directed to extend the time for proving up Mr. GORDON presented a joint resolution of the Legislature of the homestead entry of Andrew :Muckle, No. 4745, made ai: the United Georgia, in favor of the pas age of a law by Congress authorizing States land office, then at Traverse City, Michigan, on the 2d of the salo of public lands the proceeds of which to be used in aid of January, 1872. popular education; whjch was referred to the Committee on Educa l\Ir. McDONALD. Is there a report accompanying the bHl! tion and La.bor, ancl ordered to be printed. 1\Ir. PLUMB. There is no written report, but I will state to the Mr. EATON presented the petition of Herman G. Walter and others, Senate briefly the facts in the case. This man Muckle is an Irishma:a cigar-makel'S of the town of Danbury, Connecticut, praying for :tn onnaturalized, who enlisted in the Federal service in 1862. He served examina.tion to be made into the " cigar tenement-house system," in the campaign that resulted in tho battles of Shiloh and Vicksburgh, now in operation in the city of New York, alleging the same to be and re-enlisted as a veter::tn. He went home with hiB regiment on i'ra.ndulent to the Goverr,unent and ruinous to manufacturers; which furlough in 1864, :liter a little more than two years continuous and was refeiTed to the Committee on Finance. active service. He did not go back with his regiment. About 1870 or 1871 he went into one of the frontier counties of Michigan and REPOR'i'S OF CO:\DIITIEE • went upon a piece· of land, designing to take it as a homesteaq, and Mr. McDONALD. The Committee 6n Public Lands have had un in fact made an entry of -it as require(l under the pra-ctice of the Land der consideration the bill (S. No.1330) to quiet title of settlers on the Office. When he came to prove it he ascertained for the first time Des Moines River lands, in the State of Iowa, and for other ptwposes, that it wag necessary that be should be natur:ili.zed. He sought to rt-.committed to them on the 13th of the present month, and have be naturalized, but was confronted with the charge of desertion ~30 CO~GRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECEiliBER 17,
against him in the military service by reafi!On of his not having gone ~ir. SA~"'TIERS Rubmitted an amendment intended to be proposed with his r_egiment after his furlough expired. He has now been upon by him to the bill (H."R. No. 5218) to establish post-roads in the the laud nearly seven years, and the time will expire on the 2d of several States herein named; which was referred to the Committee on .January next. In order to perfect his entry he must either have his Po t-Offices and Post-Roads, :md ordered to be print-ed. time extended or he must be naturaliY.ed before that time, or at least have his :first papers tiled. He cannot 1lo that as long aa the charge COXSULAR A~"D DIPLO::\IATIC APPROPRllTIOX BILL. of desertion rema.ins against him. The evidence is complete. The ~Ir. Wil'r.""DOM. I ask the Senate to proceed to the consideration of House suspended the rules and passed the bill by a una.nimous vote, the naval appropriation bill. believing it to lte a.n extraordinary case. The Military Committee 1\lr. BL.A.INE. I belie;ve the order of yesterday holds its pQsition. of the Senate took the same view of it. and a11.tho:Hzed me to report The VICE-PRESIDENT. It docs. The resolntionsof theSenator the bill fa\orably and request that it be considered now, for the reason from Maine are the unfinished business. that if it goes over the holidays the whole purpo e ot the bill will Mr. BLATh~. I have to request the chairman of the Committee have failed by lapse of time. I think, as the committee thought, that on Appt'opriatio~ that he will not call np the naval appropriatiqn it is a very meritorious case, and one that would establish no precedent. bill for a few days. I desire to submit some remarks upon it, and I _The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment. am not now ready to do so. Mr. ANTHONY. I have no objection to this bill on the statement Mr. WINDOM. In response to the request of the Senator from which the Senator from Kansas bas made, but does not the beneficiary Maine I shall not press the naval appropriation bill, but !"'move that have a remedy at the 'Var Department f Is not the War Department the Senate proceed to the consideration of the consular and diplo authorized to remove the charge of desertion f mat ic bill, to which I think there is no objection, and doubtless it can Mr. PLUMB. No. be passed in a \ery few minutes. Mr. ANTHO~TY. I am satisfied. Mr. BLAINE. If the Senator thinks it can be passed between now The bill was ordered to a third reading, read the third time, and and the hour of one, I have no objection. pas ed. Mr. Wl~J)OM. I think it can, or very soon thereafter. PRTh"'TIXG OF A REPORT. . The VICE-PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the motion of the Mr. MORRILL. I am directed by the select committee to make Senator from M-innesota that the Senate proceed to the consideration provision fo1· taking the Tenth Census to ask leave to ha\e printed of the consular and diplomatic appropriation bill t The Chair hears the report of the remarks of Francis A. 'Valker made before that none, and it is before the Senate as in Committee of the \Vhole. committee last evening. .Mr. BLAINE. That is subject of course to the regular order. That The VICE-PRESIDENT. Is there objection t The Chair hears will not displace the order after the morning hour Y none, and the orde1· will be entered. The VICE-PRESIDENT. Not after one o?clock. The Senate, as in Committee of the 'Thole, proceeded to consider BILLS Th""TRODlJCED. the bill (H. R. No. 5312) making appropriations for the consular and Mr. GORDON a-sked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to diplomatic service of the Government for the year -ending June 30, introduce a bill (S. No. 1525) for the relief of Robert Habersham, 1' 0, and for other purposes. George Patten, and John L. Villalonga, or their e::!Jecutors or admin l\Ir. WINDOM. Before the reading of the bill I will very briefl;t" istrators; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Com state the amendments proposed by the Senate committee. The bill mittee on Claims. as it came to the Senate appropriates 1,045,735. The net additions . Mr. INGALLS asked, and by unanimous. consent obtained, leave to recommended by the Senate committee amount to 2,100. As reported introduce a bill (S. No. 1526) granting a pension to Phoobe Parke; from the Senate eommittee the bill is $50,800 less than the estimates which was read twice by its title, :md referred to the Committee on for the fiscal year ending June 30,.1880, and it is ' 0,200 more than Pensions. t he appropriations for the current year. The increase over the appro Mr. McDONALD asked, and b;yunauimous consent obtained, leavo priations for the current year is composed of items which were in the to introduce a bill (S. No.1527) for the relief of John J. Key alld W. bill when it came to the Senate, as follows:· G. M. Davis; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the For charges d'affaiJ:es ad interim, and diplomatic officers abroad Committee on the Judiciary. 20,000 . . Mr. HEREFORD (by request) asked, and by unanimous consent Second secretaries to legation of Great Britain, ~'ranee, and Ger- ~btained, leave to introduce a bill (S. No. 1528) for the relief of Will many, '6,000. iam ,V. Morrow; which was read twice by its title, and referred to Clerk to legation at Spain, 1,200. the Committ.ee on Military Affairs. Expenses of revising and editing consular regulations, '3,000. Mr. DORSEY asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to For diplomatic and consular service to be expended in the discre introduce a bill (S. No. 1529) to authorize the commissioners of the tion of the President, 20,000. District of Columbia to adjust and fix the water rates within said Maring a total of -o,200 of items which are in the bill a-s it came District; which was read twice by its t~tle, and referred to the Com to the Senate, but which are not in the act for the current year. mittee on the District of Columbia. The 2,100 added by the Senate Committee on Appropriations.is Mr. ALLISON asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, lea\e to composed of items which make the bill correspond I believe exactly, introduce a bill (S. No. 1530) to grant a pension to John G. McDonald; or at least substantially, to the appropriations for the cur:ren.t year, which wa~ read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on which the committee believe to be the lowest amount that will prop Pensions. erly serve the purposes of the Government. Mr. EUSTIS asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to They have restored the salaries to ministers to Great Britain.,. France, introduce a joint resolution (S. R. No. 45) authorizing the President Germany, and Russia, which added, 10,000. to appoint Dr. William Martin a full surgeon in the United States The restoration of salaries for the missions to Spain, Austria, Italy, Navy; which was read the :first time by its title. Brazil, Mexico, Japan, and China, 14,000. -Mr. EUSTIS. As the joint resolution is very short I ask to have it The re toration of salaries of ministers to Chili and Peru, $4,000. read the second time at length. Restoring minister to the Argentine Republic, and charges d'affaires The VICE-PRESIDENT. It will be reported at length. to Paraguay and Uruguay in lieu of minister plenipotentiary as in The joint resolution was read the second time at length, and referred House bill, $4,500. to the Committee on Naval .Affairs, as follows: Restoring missions to Belgium and Netherlands, ·15,000. Whereas Dr. William Martin, acting assistant surgeon United State Kavy, now Salary of minister to Hayti, 2,560. ()n duty on the United States monitor Canonicus, distinguished himself during the To Liberia, 1,500. late ye'ilow-fever epidemic by attending to the sick of the Grand Army of the Re Restoring missions to Denmark and Switzerland, ·10,000. public in New Orleans by promptly responding to the call made upon him by the Howard and other associations, by tendering his services gratuitously; and Salary of consul-general at Cairo, 1,000. Whereas it is important that there shoulube in the Navy physicians conversant Salaries of consuls-general at London, Pari , Havana, and Rio, with the treatment of yellow fever: Therefore, '4,000 .. Ruolved by the Senate and House of .Representatives in Oon{}Tess a8sembled, That Salary of consul-general at Melbourne, SUQO, and at Berlin, $1,{)()0. the President of the United States is hereby a.uthorized t o al?point, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, Dr. William Martin a full surgeon in the Salary of consuls-general at Vienna, Frankfort, Rome, and Con- United States Navy, to date from August 1, 1878. stantinople, ·2,000. . , , . Restoring cla-sses of consuls, that 1s, restormg consuls to the cla e Mr. BURNSIDE asked, and by nnammous consent obtained, leave in which they are this year, 14,600. to introduce a joint resolution (S. R. No. 46) to authorize Lieutenant All of these additions are simply tore tore the salaries named iu Fra-ncis V. Greene, United State Army, to accept certain decorations the bill to the amounts now :fixed by law, and appropriated for tho from the Emperor of Russia; which was read twice by its title, and current year, and I believe there is nothing else of any importance referred to the Committee on Foreigu Relations. · embraced in the amendments. AME~"DMEl\7 TO BILLS. The VICE-PRESIDJTh"'T. The bill will be read by the Secretary M.r. MORGAN sn bmitted an amendment intended t o be proposed by at length. him to the bill (S. No. 942) amendatory of and supplementary to the Mr. WINDOM: I ask t hat the amendments of the Committee on a.ct entitled" An a<;:t to incorporate the Texas Pacific Railroad Com Appropl'iations be acted on in their order as they are reached in the pany and to aid in the construction of its road, and for other pur reading of the bill. poses," approved Mn,rch :J, 1" il, and the several act amendatory The VICE-PRESIDENT. That order will be pursued. thereof and supplementary thereto; which was ordered to lie on the The Secretary proceeded to read the bill. table aml be printed. The :fir t amendment reported by the Committee on Appropriati on~ .
"J.878. CONGRESSIOX_A_L RECOR.D- SENATE.
- was, in line 10, after the word'' at," to strike out" fifteen thousand" The amendment was agreed to. ~and insert "seventeen thousand five hundred," and in line 11 to strike The next amendment was, after line 94, to insert : ·out "sixty" and insert " seventy ;'' so as to make the clause read : tiLASs I.-At ,000 per annum. For salaries of envoys extraorclinarr and ministers plenipotentinry to Great GREAT BRITAIN. ':Britain, France, Germany, and Russia, at $l7,500 each, $70,000- Hong-Kong. The amendment wa.s agreed to. BAWAIIA..."' ISLA.l\1)~ . Honolulu. The next amendment was, in line 14, after the word " ::tt, ' to strike CLASs ll.-At $3,500 per annum. out "ten'' and insert "twelve;" and after the word" each," to stri.ke CHIXA. ·.out" seventy" and insert "eighty-four;" so as to make the item read: Foochow ; Hankow; Canton ; Amoy; Tien-Tsin ; Chin-Kiang; Ningpo. For salaries of envoys e:xtr:wrdi.n1l.ry and ministers plenipotentiary to Spain, • PEil.U- .Austria, Italy, Brazil, Mexico, Japan, and China, at 12,000 each, $84,000. Callao. The amendment was agreed to. The ::tmendmen t was agreed to. The next amendment was, in line 17, after the wo1·d "at," to strike The next amendment was to strike out lines Hfl to 111, as fQllows: •.out "eight" and insert "ten; " and in line 18 after the word "each," CBJXA. to strike out "sixteen" and insert "twenty;'/ so as to make the item Foochow ; Hankow ; Canton ; Amoy ; Tien-T8in ; Chin-Kiang ; Ningpo- .read: PERU- For salaries of envoys extraordinary anti ministers pleuipotentiJ\ry to Chili and Callao . .Pern, at $10,000 each, 20,000. The amendment was agreed to. The amendment was agreed to. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The morning hour has expired. The next amentlment was to strike out lines 19, 2D, and 21, as follows : Mr. WINDOM. I ask consent of the Senate to procee4 a few mo For salary of'tlnvoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to the Argentine ments with this bill without displacing the order of business. I think 'Republic and Paraguay and Uruguay, $8,000- there will be no trouble in concluding it in a very few moments. The amendment was agreed to. · The VICE-PRESIDENT. Is there objection ! The Ch:tir hears. The next amendment was, in line 2'2, after the word "at," to insert none. The reading of the bill will _proceed. "Belgium, Netherlands, Argent~e Republic; " and in line 25, after The next amendment reported uy the Committee on Appropriations -:the word ''each," to strike out ''thirty-seven thousand five hundred" was, in line 113, after "Demerara," to strike out "Hong-Kong." .and insert "sixty thousand;" so as to make the clause rea.d : The amendment was agreed to. For ministers resident at Belgium, Ketherlands, Argentine Republic, Sweden The next amendment was t.o strike out lines 115 and 116, as follows: and Norway, Turkey, Venezuela, Hawaiian Islands, and the Unit~d States of Co BAWAll..'--"' ISLCI'DS. -lumbia, at $7,:>00 each, $(10,000- Honolulu. The amendment was agreed to. The amendment was agreed to. The next amendment was, in line 33, after. the word "Hayti," to The next :tmen,dmeut was, after line 126, to insert : ~trike out'' five thousand" and insert" seven thons.. The next amendment was, in line 72, after the word "Cairo," to GER~-y. •strike out" three" and insert" four;" so as to reutl: Stettio_ FREXCB DOliD"lON . For the agent and consul-general at Cairo, $4,000- Kantes. The amendment was agreed to. ITALY. The next amendment was, in line 75, after the word "each," to Venice. .J6trike out "five" and insert "six;" and after "twenty" to insert Tho amendment was agreed to. ..J.' four;" so as to make the cl::tn e read : The next ::tmendment was, in line 272, after ''Manchester," to insert For the consuls-general at Lomlon, Paris, Havana, and Rio ._.· .. 232 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECEMBER 17, Mr. PADDOCK. One more. In line 171, where the word' Chem- this extraordinary speech-it seems to me, however, that this is"mani· . nitz" occurs I move to strike it out. fest-it certainly can serve only to create sensation, engender ground Mr. BLAINE. That makes it conform to the other. less discontents, revive sectional ba,te, bitterness, and distrust, and 1\lr. PADDOCK. Yes, sir. renrray the colored people against the white people of tho South, and Mr. WINDOM. There is no objection to it. by this means· continue to impair the much-needed unity of feeling The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Chair hears no objection to the among the American people, injure their industries, and retard their amendment. bu iness intercourse, their trade, and coml!lerce. Such a speech ma,y Mr. D.A.VIS, of West Virginia. I understand there ''"as a single adorn the splendid abilities, illustrate the high patriotic spirit, and amendment made. gratify the noble ambition of some men; but I cannot suppose for Mr. PADDOCK. That is all. one moment that there can be found many who think so, or who wiU. Mr. DAVIS, of West Virginia. Which adds a clerk. Is that it f en>y the author of it because of the burels it affords him, or take .Mr. PAD DOCK. No; but changes the cla sification. delight in sharing the fruits of such a triumph." I give the Senn,tor lli. WINDOM. Adds something to the compensation of the consul high praise for the boldness and courtly polish of his a~ertions, while of Chemnitz, where the fees are large and the compenl:iation very I express my profouncl gratification that they are neither founded in small. I think the proposition is meritorious, though it has nnt all fact nor justice toward millions of intelligent freemen living in the the formalities. southern section of the Union. I take notice of his fiery wrath, but The VICE-PRESIDENT. The amendment is ma so, and challenge him to the proof. I believe it to be true that in the late slave-holding States have thirty-five additional members of llome instances in more than one State colored voters have been inter the House of Representatives, and yet the republican party do not f~red with by force and perhaps by fraud in the exercise of their get the benefit of these additional Representatives or a large part of right to vote, just as white men have been interfered with in other them With all due respect to every one who so complains, I must States in the exercise of their simllar right; bot that this has been say that this is caviling, trifling, and puerile. The colored vote doe& generally done, or to such an extent as to materially aft'ect tho color·ed oot belong to the republican party of dght; it does not belong to the vote, I utterly deny. This has not been and cannot be shown, accord democratic party of right; it does not belong to any party of right; ing to my observation, information, and firm belief; and in the course the colored voters are just a.s free to vote with one party as another· of my remarM I propose to advert te public facts, circumstances, they are freemen, at perfect liberty to vote for any party they may and records that go strongly to show tl;le contrary. see fit, to vote without regard to any party, or to abstain from voting The suggestion that there is a genetal conspiracy or concerted pur altogether. It does not follow because the republican party failed t() pose throughout the South to deprive the colored people of the right elect more Congressmen that the colored people were forced to vote to vote is so improbable and so monstrous as to carry with it its own the democratic ticket or to abstain from voting. As is seen, a great refutation. There is neither motive nor opportunity for so wicked variety of considerations may have led and may yet lead them to vote and foolish a movement. I cannot suppo e tba.t there is a single intel- against the republican party or not to vote at all. ligent being who believes it. . But I submit, in all candor, that it is unjust to complain of tho The Senator complains bitterly that the democrats in the South white people of the South because of the increased representation of seized seventy-three districts, and by such means, out of one hundred that section of the Union by reason of the operation of the fourteenth and six Representatives, elected one hundred and one or two of and fifteenth amendm~nts to the Constitution. They did not ask for them. Ho says that in two or three States the colored voters were in it; they made no effort to obtain it. At the time the amendments the majority, and with this state of facts he infers that the colored were adopted the southern people were prostrate and helpless under voters were prevented by force and fraud from voting. This infer the sword. They were not consulted ~bout it. They experienced ence is unwarranted and unjust, as I will now endea.vor to show, and grave apprehension of danger, of evil to spring from enfranchising more at length in the general course of what I have further to say. the freedmen, and many of them uttered a feeble, fruitless protest The po blic statistical election reports show that large colored votes against it; bot the republican party, nuder circumstances of oppres were generally cast at the late and former elections for tbe republican sion, humiliation, and outrage, literally forced it upon them by the. party, but these seldom of late made a majority. It is certain that sword, and sought practically to place eight millions of intelligent. the colored vote was generally cast. I present a table showing the white people under the dominion o~ four millions of colored people,. vote in the States named for President at the elections in 1868, 18i2, who had just then been liberated, ~aving been the slaves of ~e and 1876. I have not been able to get later data. It is as follows : white people, and at a time when the colored people had scarcely the Vote in Bund1·y State8. feeblest knowledge of go>ernment. In the whole history of mankind"there cannot be found a precedent. 1868. 1872. 1876. for a measure so severe, so humiliating to the whole people, and so extraordinary in the great number of possibilities it afforded for dire fnJ consequences and the small number for salutary ones. The history Grtt.nt. Seymour. Grant. GreeletJ. Hayes. Tilden. of the times shows that in the early period of :reconstruction the elec South Carolina .... 62,301 45,237 72,290 22,703 91,870 90,906 tions in the South were beer mockeries. They were held under mili North Caroliua. .... 96, 7()9 84,601 94,769 70,094 108,417 125,427 tary orders and the sword. Every male colored man over twenty-one Mississippi •••..... -······--· 82,175 47,288 52,605 112,173 Alabama •...... 76,366 7,288 go, 212 79,444 68,230 1()-2, 002 years of age was allowed to vote and thousands under that age voted, Geor~ ...... 57,134 102,722 62,550 76,356 f\0, 446 130,088 while thousands among the wisest and best white men were not. Lomsmna ...... 33,263 80, 2'>...5 71,663 57,029 75,135 70,508 allowe(l to Yote. While the sword was held over the w:hite peopJe,. Texas ...... 47,406 66,500 44.800 104, 7~5 Arkansas ...... 2-2,112 19,078 41,373 37, 9-27 38,669 58,071 the colored people alled. I do not care here to advert to the terrible 'I'ennessee ...... 56,628 26,129 85,65:5 94,391 89,5()6 133,166 fruits of the misrule that then prevailed. These have in good degree Florida. •••.••...... 17,763 15,427 23,849 2-2,923 passed by; peace, order, O'OOd-will between the races, stable, whoJe Virginia ...... ------··-·-··--· 93,468 91,654 95,538 139,670 some government and slowly increasing prosperity have been restored; and I confidently believe and trust that a glorious future lies before This shows that the >ote was cast, and generally with some increase. the southern people as a whole. When I consider the temperature of If it is asked how the white vote came to be so increased at late their climate, the richness of their soil, the great variety of their pro elections, the answ.er is that until within the last few yeal'S thou ductions, their vast forests, their mineral resources, their mighty sands and tens of thousands of white people woulcl not vote at all. rivers, their capacious harbors, and their outlets to the ocean high Some were stubborn; others were hopeless, and believed it idle to ways of the world-when I consider their capabilities, their spirit as vote. This feeling has given way almost entirely. The people have a people, their love of liberty, and their relations to this great and free recovered spirit and hope and confidence, and earnestly start anew. Republic, I cannot doubt that the'' sunny South" is destined in the • It is a notewort.hy and important fact, that thousands of colored near future to be the home of ever-increasing millions of prosperous' men through the South have abandoned the republican party and vol and happy people an<.l the richest section of the Union untarilyjoined tho democratic party, regarding their interests as lead Let the shrieks of the agitator and the political alarmist be hushed;. ing them to do so. This is more generally so in some localities than let sectional crim inations and recriminations cease; let business confi in others, and the number that do so, increases at every succeeding dence be restored; let industry fbnd all the arts of peace be encour election and as the colored voters increase in intelligence and the ae aged and labor dignified and 1·ewarded; let peace, blessed peace, do- quisitiou of property. Then, there are other thousands who have· its office in restoring confidence and good-will between the white man grown indifferent about voting-tho novelty of it has worn out with and the black man. between the North and the South and t"be East them; oftentimes they have been deceived and misled by unscrupu and the West, and. soon, very soon, even the slenderest pretext for lous white leaders and they have grown disgusted with misrolo which such agitations as that which now engages our attention will utterly they have seen and felt; they do not want to vote with the repub disappear. lican party, nor yet with the democratic party, but their tendency is Why, sir, as going to show that this is true and that this exciting to go with the latter in the future. This is my observation to some debate is unnecessary, I call special attention to the fact that the extent. The evidence taken before a subcommittee of the Senate of democratic party roles in every Southern State to-day, and has for which I was a member two years ago showed this to be true to a several years in most of the States. As a result, peace, order, the clue:· large extent in South C~olina. It is in fact to the decided interest administration of law, and re>iving prosperity prevail everywhere. of the colored voters to vote with the white people, and they will clo Is this not a striking fact 234 OOKGRESSIONAL REC9R.D,-SENATE. DECEl\IBER 17} most of them are ignorant and dependent ; they need the aid and the withering blast of their condemnation those seditious a~itators who protection of the white people, and the white people need their aid stir up strife and foment discord. If the American people in all·sec ,more or less. En.chracehasan intere tin the other, and my observation tions will demand and insist upon national unity, good will and con teaches me that the colored man never appeals without success to the cord, they may have these blessings, and prosperity will come as a. intelligent white man to aid him in enforcing his right . But it is said natural consequence. Only by such means can our noble free insti the white man controls the colored man, and this is unnatural, aml tutions bf> made perpetual. therefore he must do this by force or fraud. This is a grave mistake. Mr. WALLACE. Mr. President, my views upon this resolution are· 'Generally, in the natural orde.r of things, the white man will control well understood upon this side of the Chamber, and the motion I the colored man, not necessarily by force or fraud-far from it-h11t made yesterday to lay the whole subject upon the tabletwa~ prompted by showing the latterthat his interests properly lead him to do or to by those opinions. The country is sick of political agitation and sec abstain from doing certain things and to pursue a particular line of tional turmoil: This resolution initiates a renewal of the bitterne action. The white man is generally the more intelligent. Intelli of party and partisan investigation that has cursed the country for gence, superior wisdom, will assert itself over ignorance, no matter years. E '"ery busincs interest in the State I represent prays for re t whether the· ignorance be that of a white man or a colored man. This from political agitation aud for time to recuperate its wasted energy. is natural and orderly. Tl1e whito man is better qualified in most in Tblli cannot be while the country is aroused and shaken up by in stances in the present condition of the colored people, by opportunity, vestigations ba~ ed upon rumor and p:uty rancor is stirred to it -experience, and intelligence to judge of what ought or ought not to depths in ever~- section. I would, if I could, have arrayed every one be done. This is so in business transactions, and no one complains at on this side of the Chamber in decided and open antagonism to this that. Why should it not be so in political matters I have a perfect reopening of the flood-gates of party strife. But by a nearly unani 'l'ight to convince a colored man that he ought to vote as I do, to vote mous vote the Senate has decided otherwise, and all that is left for with the party with which I vote. I may convince him by argnmont, us to do is to proceed with the investigation in an honest spirit of by persuasion, or I may induce him to do so by pointing him to the good seeking for truth. No practical result can come from this inquiry. 'l.'esults of placing democrats or good men without regard to parties, in The Constitution and laws as declared by the Supreme Court settle ·office. Colored men learn more rapidly by the logic of events than in that. The second section of the fourteenth article of amendments to any other way. When he sees that the white people, the democrats, the Constitution is : Tole, and that wholesome results follow; that he has schools provided Representati'\"es shall be apportioned among the several States according to their for him; that law is regularly enforced; that peace and order prevail· respective numbers, counting the wholenumber of persons in each State, excluding that ho can appeal with confidence to t.hecourt.s; that he is safe from Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any·election for the choice of elect ors for President and Vice.Presidentof the United States, Representatives in Con. 'iolence and outrage, how naturally ho falls into the support of the gress, the executive audjudicial officers of a Smte, or the members of the Legisla men who aecure these fruits! And it seems to me that every good ture thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty man ought to be glad and rejoice that this is so no matter where he one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except 'IDay Jive. Wholesome government for tho white man and the black for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation tlierein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to man is of infinitely more importance than the' temporary success or the whole number of male citizens twenty.one years of age in such Stat.e. fortunes of any political party. If the.best interest o{. the colored people lead them under their circumstances to vote with the demo In the case of the United States vs. Cruikshank, 2 Otto, 542, and cratic party, let them do so, and no one has any right to complain. kindred cases, the Supreme Court, commenting on this article and And when new issues and new parties spring up in the South and the construing it, say: . · whole people divide politically, as they wiU sooner or later, it may The fourteenth amendment prohibits a State from depriving any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, and from denying to any person be expected that the colored people will do likewise, some going one within Us Jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws; but it adds nothing to the way and some another. rights of one citizen as agai-nst another. n simply furnishes an additional guar The Senator intimates, it seems to me, very plainly that an effort antee against any encroaonment by the States upon the fundamental rigb,t.s which will be made, if the republican party cannot get as many votes in belong to every citizen aa a member of society. The duty of protecting all it\\ citi zens in the enjoyment of an equality of ri~bt.s was originafiy assumed by the States, the South as it may deem necessary, that the increased representation and it still remains there. The only obligation resting upon the United States is .-of that section by reason of the enfranchisement of the colored peo to see that the Sta.tes do not deny thoriglit. This the amendment guarantees, but i>le will be taken away. I tell that Senator that this is easier said no more. The power of the National Government is limited to the enforcement of than done. The South will never consent to this, and in opposing this guarantee. 'mlY movement of that kind he will certainly find the white men and This is the decision of a court unanimous with a single exception, the colored men standing solidly to~ether. The white men of the a.nd he a democrat. Ifthis be the law, how can we take representa :South will ne\er see the colored men aespoiled of their rights in that tion from a State for what is done by individuals f The investigation, respect. Never I never I even if the facts be proved, is useless. The remedy is by a contest The Senator with an air of loft~menace tells the men of the South for the seat, and not by sectional agitation. The purposes of this in and beyond this Chamber that they can never permanently make a resolution, stated by its author, are to record frauds and outrages on white man's vote in the South doubly as powerful in the administra recent elections in the Southern States and to find a method to pre tion of the government as a w bite man's vote in the North. Sir, there vent them. The newspaper press is given as the authority for their has been no occasion for this boasting threat. No one here or else existence. The laws provide a remedy for the wrongs alleged, if the~ .,where, so far as I have ever heard, has asked for it or anything- like exist, by a contest for the seat held through such processes, and that it. Southern men do not ask it; they would scorn to have it. They peaceful mode of adjustment is, I bdieve, in the- judQ'ment of the neither ask nor want any the slightest advantage aver their fellow country infinitely better than sweeping allegations base~ upon news ·countrymenofthe N.orth. All they ask, all they·want, whether white paper rumors and passionate partisan appeals which must embitter -or black men, is to have their rights here and elsewhere under the the sections. Peace and law are the methods now to be sought. "Constitution of their common country in the same measure anil on the Passion and partisanship have ceased to inilame the minds of busine!ts :flame footing of equality with their northern fellow-citizens. They men. Business and its cares, the restoration of a market for our - .fifths thereof wero represented, and this representation of the then one hundrod and thirt~-two thous'lll(l of the white people that fought for the Union :slave population was aMacked with vigor in the heated contest th:J.t to elect a Representa.tive. . preceded the war. After the war, ::md when reconstruction came, the This is a reassertion of that already shown to be incorrect. It · ,policy of tho republican party was reversed, and " manhood suffrage" ignores democratic votes and population North and omits the preg became t.he shibboleth of party with them. Under this doctrine the nant fact that the colored voters South both voted and were counted .republican Congress of 1872 added not thirty-five but twenty mem in making up results. If negroes are voters and entitled to represeRt bers to the representation of the Southern States in the House of ation, (and the republican party ha.s made them so,) then they are as iRepreseptatives. The right, the powtr, and the expediency to do this much entitled to be counted as are the minorities in any district in and to fix unalterably the equality of the black voter of the South tho Union. ~every close contest since 1872 their votes have given .and tho North with tho white voter eyerywhere was the leading the State of Pennsylv;auia to the republicau. They hold the balance ;feature of the reconstruction policy of tho Senator from Maine and. of power there and invariably cast it:against the democrats. If the rthose with whom he acteu. The fatal error into which they fell was Senator from Maine will have one result he must accept the other. In failing to qualify the right to the enfranchised slave by fastenina The Senator say : • upon it an educational test. This would not serve their political ·The politic..'ll power thus appropriated by southern domocmta by reason of tho .en us, a.nu reconstruction as they constructed it has proved their own negro population amounts to thirty-fiyo Represent::~.tives in Congress. It is massed ulmGst solidly and offsets the great State of New York; or Pennsylvania and New political destruction. The absolute equality in fitness for self-gov Jersey together; or the whole of New Engl.wu; or Ohio and Indiana united; or the .ernmeut of the uneducated negro of the South wilh the trained and combined strength of lllinoi.\1, Minnesota., Kansas, California, Nevada, Nebraska, educated white man everywhere wa.s the basis of the plan. It was Colorado, and Oregon. Tho seizure of this power is wanton usurpation; it is fL.'\· unsound and faJMe, and has returned to plague its authors. Tho grant outrnge; it is Yiolent pervcr ion of the whole theory of republican •govern• ment. It inures solely to the present advantage and yet, I believe, to the perma Senator from Maine impales himself by his arguments. Negro suf nent dishonor of the democratic party. It is by reason of this trnmpling down of fraa-e as a political policy is a failure in the South, and ho helped to human rights, this ruthless seizure of unlawful power that the llemocmtic party • cre~te it. His arguments are logically an arraignment of the vicious holds the popular branch of Congress t~day and will in less than ninety weaken his influence stabs his country. · from New England, while 147,963 votes or74@1000 people are required It is not correct in point of fact that the white voter of the South to ~ect a democrat. The six great Middle States-New York, Penn wields a greater influence than the white voter of the North. Tho sylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Iowa-contain 31650,000 voters enator from Maine gathers together wholo masses of popula.tion in or about 16,000,000 of people, yet they have but 12 Senators as the North and argues from population and not from voters. I quote against an equal number in New England for 6631000 voters and bis words: n.bout3,300,000 people. These are the results of our political system, Take the States of South Carolina, Mississippi, a.nd ,Louisiana. They send sev-• and there is just as much reason to find fault with it in New England ·en teen Representatives to Congress. Their aggregate population is composed of as in the South. We must abide its inequalities and imperfections ten hundred and thirty-five thousand whites and and twelve honllred and twenty four thousand colored; the colored being nearly two hundred thousand in excess for the much greater good it contsins. Sweeping cb~rges or parti .of the whites. Of the seventeen Representatives, then, it is etidcnt that nine san comparisons can do no good and must do harm. The only im wero apportioned to theso States by reason of their colored population, and only portant question is, have elections, North or South, been·carried by eight bv reason of t.heir white population; :md yet in the choice of the entire sev fraud or violence f If they have, the incumbent holding by such a renteen Representatives the colored voters had no more voice or power t,han their t1tle should be ejected. The remedy is by contest under the statute. .remote kindred on the shores of ienegambia or on the ~ltl Coa.s+;. The ten bon· rlrcd :md thirty-five thoasaml white people had the sole and absolute choice of t.ho Orderly methbds, sworn test~ony, judicial inquiry, non-partisan .()Dtire seventeen Representatives. In coutrast, take two States in the North, Iowa judgment. These are the processes the people approve. -und Wisconsin, with seventeen Representatives. They have a white population The invective hurled at the seizure of power by v. solid South may -of two million two hundred and fortr-aoven thousand-considerably more than double the entire white population of tbe three Southern States I have named. In be fitly answered by grouping tho six gre1ot Middle St:J.tes I have Iowa and Wisconsin, therefore, it takes one hundred and thirty-two thousand whit-a named and e:xn,mining political results there. In this Congress ,(and population to send a. Representative to Congress, but in South Carolina, Missis it is worse in tho next) these s't{l.tes, upon a tot.al vote of 1,842,212 ·sippi, nnd Louisiana. every sixty thousand white people send a Representative. republicans in 1876, have" seized" 75 Congressmen, while on a total The first fa.Uacy in this proposition is the bold assumption that the vote of 1,804,341 the democracy get bllt 46. Upon a voting majority .colored 'Voters had no voice or power in the recent elections. Who of 37,871 the republicans have" seized" 29Congressmen. If W'3 add gives any one authority to say this! Is it true that the republican to these States, New England, we find that 2,209,431 republican voters part.y possesses an indefeasibJe estate in every colored voter in those get 97 Congressmen, while 2,100,268 democratic voterd get 52. In States? Have they no liberty of thought or right of independent these twelve States 1097163 republican majority enables that party to .action Y Are their votes not to be count-ed unless they vote the repub seize 45 Congressmen. If we call a democratic white voter North the lican ticket' Such a statement as this is utterly unwarranted by equal of a republican white or negro voter North, and as such entitled iacts, for we all know that in very many instances tho colore(l.voter to equal political power, it appears that each 2,425 black or white re is independent in action. Upon the presidential vote of 1876in those public:ms North have chosen one of these 45 republicans to Congress. 'States the seventeen democratic members elected had a total of Or, upon the same basis of equality, each 12,000 people who arc rep 272,805 votes and their opponents hn.d a total of 219,610 votes. The resented by these voters have "seized" a republican Congresstn:J.n. minority were just as ri:mch represented as they aro in any congres Or, if we generalize the whole we find that in these twelve States sional district in the North. They voted and they were outvoted. '1!2,777 black and white republican voters representing 113,8 5 people How unfairly the contrast is put. Iowa and Wisconsin had in 1876 "BElize" a Congressman, while it requires 46,672 democratic Yoters a voting population of 540,108. Of these, 296,595, representing about representing 233,360 people to elect one. , twelve hundred thousand people, were republicans, ancl 24~,503, rep 'fhe fourteenth and fifteenth amendments were the crystallization .resenting about one million people, were democrats. If tho negroes of ultra-republican thought ns to reconstruction. They did not seek who voted for the republican candidates in the Southern States named to operate on individuals but upon Stn.tes. There was no thougl1t ..are not to be counted, the democrats who voted for their own candi then of punishing orgn.nized communities for t.he misdeeds of a bin dates in Iowa and Wisconsin ought not to be counted. The demo gle locality, and the safeguard invoked was the only one that could crats elected in the South represent the minority there just as much be used without the destruction of our form of government. The .as tho republicans elected in the North ..represent the minority there. plain terms of these amendments and the decisions of a republic'lln The Senator from :Maine says: Supreme Court thereon are now attacked because under them recon Tb('l eleven States that formed the Confederate Government had b:v the lRSt cen struction proves to be the deadest kind of a dead failure. They will sus a population of nine and a half millions, of which in round numbers five and not reach and cover, and they never were intended to reach and cover, n half millions were white and four millions colored. On this ~tggregate popula sporadic cases of frn.nd or violence. Such cases can only be mot by .Uon seventy-three ~present.atives in Congress were apportioned to those State& forty-two or three of whioh were by reason of the white population, and thirty or the gpecific remedies given by law, :md States cannot be punished by thirty-one by reason of the colored population. At the reoent election the white. loss of representation because of alleged violence in one district i u democracy of tho South seized seventy of the sevonty.three districts, and thus Louisiana and alleged frauds in two in South Carolina. It woutll. be secured a democratic ID'lljorit.y in the next House of Rcpresent.'ltives. Thus it ap ·pears that throughout the States that forme 1878. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 237 • He did not count there the minority, while he did count the minori use it against their wishes, by violence or threats, or hostile demonstration of armod' men or other organization , or by any other unlawful means or practices. ties in the NortJ:t. In answer to his argument, I grouped voters and The committee shall also inquire whether any citizen of any State bas been dis population, and I asserted what I reassert, that if the negroes are not missed or threatened with dismissal from employment or deprivation of any ri!rht to be counted in those districts South as having voted and been out or privilege by reason of his vote or intention to vote at the recent elections, or lias voted, then the democrats North are not to be counted as having been otherwise interfered with. .And to inq~ whether, in the year 1878, money was raised, by assessment or voted and been out-voted when he comes to make comparisons with otherwise, upon Federal office-holders or employes for election purposes, and under reference to the South. what circumstances and by what means; and, if so, what amount waa so raised :Mr. BLAINE. Without any regard, I suppose, to the fact whether and bow the same was expended; and, further, whether such assessments were or .all the legal votes were caat and every man voted just exactly accord not in violation of law. .And shall inquire into the action and conduct of United States supervi.sors of ing to his desire ! The Senator places that as a parallel; but the elections in the several States; and as to the number of marshals, deputy mar .arraignment which I made-whether it be true or not is to be deter shals, and others employed to take part in the conduct of the said election ; in mined by the investi~ation-what I hold the Senator to in logic is what State or city appointed; the amount of money paid or promised to be paid to that when I make th1s allegation and on that ask an investigation, them, and how or by whoin, and under what law authorized. Resolved, That the coiilii11ttee be further instructed to inquire and report w bather he comes up and says, "Why, the democrats were defeated in Penn it is within the competency of Congress to provide by additional legislation for the sylvania, and that is a parallel case! We have four hundred thousand more perfect security of the right of suffrage to citizens of the United States in all .democrats there, and the republicans have only four hundred and the States of the Union. fifty thousand, and they have run off with three-fourths of the repre Resolved, That in prosecuting these inquiries the committee shall have 1lbe right, by itself or by any subcommittee, to send for persons and papers, to take testi sentation in Congress," not alleging at all but that the vote was hon mony, to administer oaths, and t() visit any portion of the country when such visit estly cast and that every man had the ri~ht to vote. Taking groups may in their judgment facilitate the object of the inquiry. .of States in the North, he says, "Why, m New England the repre .sentation is twenty-two to six." The Sena.tor certainly will not expect Mr. 'VHYTE. Mr. President, I do not rise for the purpose of mak the Senate t9 understand that he is serious in this, that he presents ing auy speech, but inasmuch as I intend to vote against the J':l.Ssage it as an answer to the arraignment I made. He cannot be serious, of these resolutions I desire in a very few words to give my reasons Mr. President, I am SUl'e. for that course. Mr. WALLACE. Mr. President, I am about as serious aa a Senator In the first place, I am unalterably opposed to these roving com who deliberately on this floor attacks the fourteenth amendment of missions. I am opposed to the system which has grown up since the the Constitution and the decisions of the Supreme Court-a republi war of appointing committees upon almost every conceivable subject -can Supreme Court-made thereunder, which in their very terms and sending them at the expense of the country upon roving excur deny the right to take representation from a State for the causes sions to see what they can find out. I am opposed to the expense .alleged in this resolution, and undertakes to initiate an investigation, which has been entailed upon the country by the useless commissions which investigation must inevitably be fruitless and powerless to that have been ordered by either the one or the other House of Con bring any such re~ult. I am about as serious in my charges, surely, gress within the last few years. We had committees to South Caro .as be is in the initiation of such an investigation as this. lina, we bad committees to Louisiana, we had committees to Florida We of Pennsylvania have initiated contests alleging intimidation anterior to the last presidenti:tl count, and when the evidence gath and fraud and bribery, and they will be settled before.tbe tribunal ered by the gentlemen who had gone ou these foraging excursions .created by law in the other House. The Senator, on the contrary, was printed ~t the public expense and was ready for examination by .alleges intimidation and violence and fraud, and he uses a power that ·the parties who were supposed to have charge of the electoral count, has no right, that can in no way apply a remedy, that is not given we were informed that all of that testimony waa aliunde. We bad a the authority in any form to correct the wrong. It is a brutum fttl- r.ommittee sent to Mississippi, and after taking testimony for many 11Wn if it be done. We, on the contrary, whose voters were intimi days and weeks and gathering together two volumes as large as this dated-! reassert what I have said-whose voters were bribed-and [holding up a book] of Mnnchausen statements, they made their re I reassert what I have said-whose voters were deprived of the right port to Congress, and I venture to affirm ihat not ten men in or out ()f suffrage by being driven away from the polls in masses because of Cong~·ess have ever read fifty pages of those volumes. We have they had not paid their taxes when the republican organization had had our Potter committee and our Matthews committees, and vari paid taxes for masses of black and white voters-- ous other committees. They have all been at work and the result is Mr. BLAINE. But did not the law require the tax to be paid? absolutely nothing but a large amount of expenditures to be paid Mr. WALLACE. Certainly. I am not complaining of the law; it out of the public Treasury. I am opposed to it, and I think the time ss a safeguard. I am simply complaining of the use of money in the bas come when we should set our face against these wandering com way in which it was used~ the purchase of tax receipts in bulk to mittees, some of whom I believe either singly or in twos have wan .equip a black voter and to drive away a white voter from the polls in dered with half a dozen stenographers over the Rocky Mountains the city of Philadelphia. That is w~t I complain of, a denial and an during the last summer. .abridgement of the right of snffrnge, if yon please, but not snob a I am opposed to the expenditure of money for this purpose because denial or .such an abridgement of the right of suffrage as under either I see no pr::wtical good to result from any report that the committee the Constitution or the laws can deprive the State of Pennsylvania may make. This committee cannot report until near the close of the ()f any single member in her representation in the other House. present session of Congress, and then the organization of the Senate And here I come back to the point towhich I direct attention, "that will undergo such a change as that no partisan report will make a this proceeding is utterly fruitless; that it can result in no good; that very strong and lasting impression upon a mojority of the body. But the law as declared on the statute-book, in the Constitution, and by I am opposed to it upon a higher grouncl than this, Mr. President. I the Supreme Court, demonstrates that if all this were proven no result am opposed to e.x pa'rte investigation in regard to those congres ional .can come save political agitation, Rectional turmoil, deprivation of elections held for members of the House in tlle Forty-sixth Congress. .employment in business; while if the other line, the line of appeal I am opposed to secret examinations which afterward are to see the to law, to a contest under the power of the Honse, be taken, all the light-to reflect upon the characters either of contestants or of gentle wrongs can be shown, everything can be made patent, nnd right and men who· may hold credentials for the next House, throwing a chmd law c'tn prevail. That is what this people want: orderly methods, it may be over one side or the other in regard to their own contests, appeals to law, sworn testimony, non-partisan judgment. and in regard to the formation of that co-ordinate branch of the The PRESIDING OFFICER, (Mr. ROLLL.~Sin the chair.) The ques National Legislature. I am opposed to it because it is unfair and tion is on the 'lmendment proposed by the Senator from Maine, [Mr. unjust in the Forty-fifth Congress to send a committee to gather ex BLAINE,] which will be read for the information of the Senate. parte testimony that will reflect upon a case which is to be judicially The SECRETARY. If runended as proposed the last resolution will decided by the other House. Is it just to do sot Is it fair! Is it in read: the interest of a. judicial determination of those questions when they That in prosecuting these inquiries the committee shall have the right, by itself arise in the Forty-sixth Congress in the other branch t I think not, ~r by any subcommittee, to send for persons and papers, to take testimony, to ad Mr. President. :minlater oaths, and to visit any portion of the country when such visit may in their I, for one, therefore will not lend my aid to produce such an unjust judgment facilit..'lte the objec~ of the inquiry. result as that. I care not what may be thought of my judgment in The amendment was agreed to. voting against the resolutions. My friends from the South may ob 'I'he PRESIDING OFFICER. The question now is on the passage ject to my voting against them because it looks as if we shirked ex ()f tbe.resolutions as amended. amination. I never shirk from any examination that is for the good 1\Ir. BLAINE called for the yeas and nays; and they were ~rdered. of the country; but the waste of public money in an investigation Mr. WITHERS. I ask that the reaolutions as amended be reported that can produce no practical legislation I do oppos~, no matter what before the roll is called. may be the suspicions as to my motives. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The resolutions will be read·as they Mr. President, I have heard of violence and intimidations, and the now stand. driving of men away from the polls before this charge coming from the The Secretary read as follows : Senator from Maine. Where was he in the old days when the know Resolved, ·That a select committee, to consist of nine Senators, be appointed by nothings drove from the polls by thousands the citizens of fareign the Chair to inquire and report to the Senate whether at the recent elections the constitutional rights of American citizens were violated in any of the St..'\tes of the birth Y Where was he T Union.; whether the right of suffrage of citizens of the United States, or of any Mr. BLAINE. Always against them. class of such citizens, waa denied or abridged by the action of the election officers .Mr. WHYTE. Where was his voice against them f Point to hi ()f any State or of the United States, in refusing to receive their votes, in fu.ili.ng record against them. Let the Senator show me a speech delivered to count them, or in receiving and counting fraudulent ballots in pursuance of a in in1845 (lOnspiracy to make the lawfui votes of such .Utizens of none effect; and whether by him the North against the know-nothings in Pennsyl such citi:..ens were prevented from exercising the elective franchise, or forced to vania, or in 1!155 in my own State, when his own Representative from - CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECE:rtiBER' 238 . 17, the State of M:Jine voted against turning a man out of Con~ess who not speak the sentiments of his own State when, with all its mighty was elected by the baldest and the basest frauds n.nd intLmidation interests intrusted in p'l.rt to his c:1re, he confesses himself willing that ever disgraced a free country. Where was he then ¥ Why did here to have an overrepresentation from a section that has always he not stand up for the rights of the white men at that day? Oh, it bean hostile to the interests of Pennsylv!mia. He certainly is not was cQnvenient to be silent in those..Aays. No, Mr. President, I am expressing the feeling and the sentiment and the interest of his State opposed to this measure, because it will accomplish no good, aRd be by the position which he avows. cause it is unfair aml unjust to those persons who will have contests And a word to the &uth. Why is there no immigration Soutn t in the next House of Representatives. Why is Texas, largely n.ow in the control of white men from the Mr. BLAINE. ' I want to answer the Senator from M:1ryland when North, alone of the Southern Stat.es filling up with immigration he asks me where I was and why I did not lift my voice up when tho alone, I sa1,, of all the Southern States, if yon except the invalid k.now-not.hin~s were ravaging Philadelphia in 1845 and in Baltimore emigration to FlOrida Y Why is this ~eneral feelini f Do not south.. afterward. 1 do not know the venerable years of my distinguished ern Senators themselves, holding the mterests of their section in their friend from Maryland, but at the time of the know-nothing excite keeping, see that something serious is the matterY Virginia is a far· ment in Philadelphia, in 1 44 and 1 45, I was in a Pennsylvania col more inviting field ·for settlement than those remote northwest re lege.a.nd rather a small boy. I do not rem~mber that I did raise ~y gions to which immigration is flocking by tl;le million. The Senator· voice very loudly at that ttme upon the subJect at all, and I am n.fra1d from :North Carolina [1\Ir. MERRDIO~] has given a vivid description• if I ha I 1878. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 239 My friend from Maine said t:hat he was a boy in 1845. I doubt it. invariably, when they have come as good men, regardless of political I doubt whether he ever was a boy in any political sense of the word. associations or what we may consider partisan prejudices, they have If he was, certainly in politics he is the old boy now. .[Laughter.] been taken by us by the hand. We regard them as our friends and The fact is, Mr. President, we had peace and good order in •this body fellow-citizens, and they tegard us as theirs. :Marriages have taken before he was transplanted from the other side o:f the Oapitol, [laugh place between them and natives of the State; partnerships have ter;] no place is big enou~h for him and anybody else, and now h.e occurred between them. The face of the 1:3en:.rtor from·New York reminds me of the story of a colored man who belonged to a. pronu [Mr. CO:I\"XL~G] now reminds me that I introduced but a few days nent old gentleman, whose son, Mr. President, was a foreign minis ago to Jiis colleague a distinguished gentleman from his own State 1 ter for many years and a very distinguished gentleman, and who was with w.hom I had the honor to be a partner in a small transaction,. a good deal in politics as a whig like my friend from ~f8.ine upon the with a great deal of hope, I fear not too much reality, in North Caro other side." He had a. very exemplary colored mau who waited upon lina. I regret that I cannot state the exact number of such cases, but him, and he had a habit a.t a dinner party of asking that man what he that would be impossible to arrive at. I wish the Senator from Maine thought of things. Upon one occasion he said," Jake, what have you could see them. If I had it in my power to-day I do not know any got to say to-day t" " Well," said he, "Massa Kit, I had a . i 240 C()NGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECElVffiER 17' tor from Maine. I sb.'l>ll not vote to e:xclli!e him, for I want to hold white man, to have sent their very best men into the South, such him up to his work. I want to see him work out this exploit that he men us the Senator from Maine and others, for the purpo e of going has brou~ht before the country, and to father that which belongs to upon tho hustings and in the lecture-room and elsewhere in that nobody elSe. country to improve the negroes in regard to their education and If we should choose to put the honorable Senator from Maine there especially in regard to their duty toward the American Government. notwithstanding his (leclination; and if it is a duty to the country so But who came down there' Have we eyer had the honor of seeing very important as he seems to think it is, why does be decline so im- the Senator from Maine in the South 'f Has any other of these gen portant a duty 'f If he has become so much more impressed than all tlemen who concern themselves so deeply now, who feel such a won the rest of the world with the necessity of this investigation, this detful interest in the condition of the nes-ro, come down there for the 'Scouring of the country for the purpose of hlmting up elements of purpose of lecturing to them or discussrng with us before them the wrath to throw into the political caldron, why does he decline to step principles of American government and the duties and the rights of forward and take the management of the committee No, sir, he American citizenship 7 No, sir, they have carefulls abstained from .ought to be 'the chairman of this committee, and no Senator here, it going to that country. They were not afraid to go; by no means seems to me, with proper self-respect would usurp the dignities of the t-~ere they afraid to go. They have carefully abstained from going to high position which belongs so eminently to the Senator from Maine. that country, and in the place of these missionary efforts of their own When he gets his committee organized, and is prepared to fulminate they have permitted to be cast upon the South the most disreputable, ~pon the next presidential election, he will close the doors for conve- dishonest, and UI!.WOrthy class of men that ever were spewed out nience, and subcommittees of the minority working under him will from the northern or ~ny other communities. These men whom they have no opportlllity to compel the majority to open the doors and sent to the South, bacKed by armies, to take charge of us and to com .(iisclose to the world what is going on inside of their secret chambers. pel obedience to their will in reference to all things that pertained When, therefore, the whole nature of there olutions was changed to political action have gone there and maintained themselves as .and when it was changed by the transfer of this judicial question to long as the negroes would tolerate them in the · absolut~ control and .a mere political committee selected as it doubtless wiU be with mastery of the conscience of every negro in that land; but their crimes a.-eference to the recent rule of seven to eight, I felt myself absolved blackened thewholehistoryof this country. The dockets of the United from the necessity of votinrr for them and even from that stress of States courts and the State courts, the records of Congress, the tra .situation which seemed at the moment of time to compel me to yield ditional remembrances of thousands and tens of thousands of men, my jud~ment, which is in opposition to the resolutions, to the unfor- have brought to the ~ttention of the country the dark and dismal rec tunate fact that I did not feel that I had actual liberty of action, ord of their crimes, and it has become so conspicuous that the whole being a southern man and from the land that was denounced. But people have revolted at it, and the northern republicans have in this when you add to this the fact that those who are conducting this ad- Senate and elsewhere withdrawn all moral support from this gang of venture choose to close the doors of the committee against the light, carpet-ba~ers. After you withdrew your moral support, after you .except that part ~fit which they might prefer to tbro~ upon the we~e forcoo to do it for the very sake of decency itself, now you com world, then I feel that I am not only exonerated from this pressure plain that the next power that stands by the side of the negro, the but that it is·my dnty to vote, as I shall do, against the entire reso- men with whom the negro had some kind of reconciliation if not luti ' r 242 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECE1\IBER 17~ ever existed in this country for what is termed "a solid South." The tastes, and in every other respect, so that he has become, all of a: solidHication of the South took place like the solidification that oc sudden, not only a factor in our political government and the equal curs when a bar of steel heated in the furnace is put under the ham of the best in the land, but the pet of all the distinguished Senators mer of the blacksmith. Heat and fi·iction continually applied to us on the other side of-the House who are there now and who have been from the outside forced us to be solid, and, thank God, when you there heretofore for many years 'f Who were the educators of the forced solidity on us you put an edge to us and spring to us beside. negroes of the South f Did your missionaries go there to educate I regret, however, that the circumstances ever existed which have them'f No. You said it would be labor thrown away. We have· led to this condition of affairs, not because we have done any injus given the negro a vast amount of education, and yon admit that by tice in reference to the negro, but because it is a continual subject of the very demand you make now that he shall have an exalted posi harassment and debate between the different fQrmer divisions of the tion in society as well as in politics. But I notice that these demands. United States into North and South. That is my cause of regret; are made on one section of the country only, while they are neglected and if Senators from the Northern States would withhold their abuse ~lsew?ere. There is a large number of negroes throughout the North, of us, if they would withhold their denunciation, if they would per mtelligent men. Some of them escaped by the underground railroad mit us to work out the problem of our civilization according to the years ago and received the benefits of northern education wllile their. Constitution and laws of the United States1 then should you see the brethren were still held in slavery. And yet, if I am informed cor day when opinion in the South would be, as 1t is to-day indeed, as free re.ctly, there is not one of them upon the bench, perhaps there is not as it is in any other part of the United States on every question con one of them in a State Legislature ; I know there are none of them in cerning the welfare of the people. Congress; and upon a notable occasion when I rose here to vote for And that, Mr. President, is the real course to take with us, and I confirming the nomination of one for a distin uuished office under the regret that Senators on that side cannot see it, because, if I know Government of the United States, I felt that I was frowned upon by what is in my nature and my heart, I wish to join with them iu e>ery the other side. effort to blot out forever the lines of division that have heretofore Now, Mr: President, I will vote against these resolutions for the existed between us. Gentlemen proclaim that they will have a solid reason I have stated, because I believe a vote to sustain them would North to meet a solid South. We are met with that threat contin now commit me to a proposition to lend the power of the Senate to ually, and yet we have done nothing to solidify the Northern States a mere political investigation, whereas when they were first offered that I know of. But let me admonish gentlemen who thus clamor they at least conveyed the idea that we could fairly make a judicial against us that their demand for a solid North, that being now the inquiry in regard to the laws of the land, and if any defect was majority section, means a demand for conquest and supremacy in the found in them that we should be able to supply that defect. The North, and it equally means vassalage in the South. Andif the issue political agencies of the Government of the United States have,been comes to that, the ono section of this countryto be dominant and the actively intermeddling in my own State, and there the result has other to be vassa.l, then we must look to ourselves to see how far we been that the democrats have been repressed to the number of six can avoid or prevent the evil consequences of a result like that. I thousand in one congressional district alone, and doubtless many have expect, sir, that we shall have to submit to it as long as the North been kept from going to the ballot-box by the threats of the Attor hall solidify itself in antagonism to southern mterests, until the ney-General of the United States, issued in the form of a proclama scepter Of power changes hands. I expect that we shall have quietly tion. The President of the United States and his Cabinet, coincid to work and war against it, not with arms, but by persuasion, and ing with a large portion of the republican party in the Northern perhaps e•en by supplication, until we can get those of the North States in their advocacy of what is called sound money, in which· who intend thus to dominate us to relax their strong and tyrannical ad-vocacy very many of the southern democrats honestly sympathized, purposes. But I will admo11-ish Senators, that the permanent vassal made an extensive canvass in the North; and while they were doing_ age of tl;u~ South is a physical impossibility under the Constitution that, the Attorney-General was endeavoring by proclamations sent of the United States and the laws thereof, for you must remember out in advance of the election to hinder the people from going to that we have the privilege, even without the consent of Congress the polls. He was endeavoring to threaten them to such a degree·-as... enacted into a law-a privilege secured to us by a treaty with the that they would be afraid to go to the ballot-box, and the result was. Unit~d States Government-to put at least eight more Senators into that a gentleman was elected who was a greenback democrat, by the tills body from the single Commonwealth of Texas. united support of the republicans of that district, and I believe he I call the attention of statesmen to this for the purpose of convinc is now here to claim his reward in some little appointments to office,.. ing them that this va-ssalage which they propose to inflict upon us which are paid as cash on the spot. 'Vhen you attempt congressional and this domination that they think they can secure through this interference by the passage of the e resolutions, and when you come means will prove to be visionary, an ignis jatluts. When such a policy to inve tigate the question of interference either by the people or the is once established it is a question within our control who shall be Government, I desire to give notice to the gentlemen who may com the vassal. Whatever COJDpulsion may be charged against us as hav pose the committee- that the investigation is not going to stop just inu been employed agai.6st the negro of the South in reference to his where the gentleman who framed and offered the resolutions may de poiitical a,ction, there is one thing I have never yet heard charged sire it to stop. No, sir; I give notice now that when the investiga against the South, and that is that we compel the negro to labor more tion is opened it sllall, so far as I am able to have any influence in it hours of the day than he ought to labor or wants to labor or compftl at all, be a full and fair investigation, extending throughout the United . him to work for A when he prefers to work for B, or that we compel States wherever there is any real cause to be investigated. It must go. him to relinquish the ownership of land in order to become a tenant, to PennsyI vania and investigate what has been done there. It must go. or that we by any sort of compulsion, moral or physical, have con also to :Massachusetts and investigate what is charged to have been trolled his material destiny in any respect whate>er. And yet, in the done there. Equally it must go to New York, and equally it must go . face of all that is charged against us in regard to the negro, we see to Colorado and Nevada, where just as :flagrant frauds as ever were that he is left so free to work the land, to improve his own condition, perpetrated against the ballot in the world were perpetrated during to exercise all the privileges of American citizenship, that he pro the last election. duces this year more than five million bales of cotton and adds more I beg pardon, ~h'. President, of the Senate for having indulged so to the wealth of this country and to its commerce than twice the long in these remarks, and I assure S~ators on the other side that number of men in any other part of the United States of America en in what I have said I haYe not been controlled by anything but an gaged in agricultural pursuits. When this fact is contrasted with the honest desire to havo this measure put upon its trno merits and to · complaints that are brought here against the condition of the negro give the reasons why I shall not be able to support it. . and the whites in the South, as to the alleged disorganization of that Mr. TELLER. Mr. President, I desire to say in reply to the Sena country and its want of respect for the law, the present crop of more tor from Alabama, [Mr. MORGAN,] with reference to frauds in Colo than five million bales of cotton is an answer that at least will strike rado, that no democrat., high or low in Colorado, dares to charge frauds . the mind of every practical and sensible man in the United States as upon the republican party in that State. It is well unuerstood in being entirely overwhelming against the accusations that are made that country that we have had a fair election. The republican party against us. put forth their candidate; the democrats nominated the most influ Mr. President, a great deal has been said, and very much more I ential man in that State, a. man whom they nominated with the dec- suppose has been thought, upon the idea that the people of the South laration that be could put up and wouhl put up more money to carry hold themselves in really personal antagonism to the negro. Sir, that the election than any republican or all the republicans could pnt up is not true. The fact to which I have just adverted proves that it is iu the State. He did do that. More money was expended by the not the truth. It shows that the people of the South work in har democratic party in Colorado duriuicr the last election than has ever mony in the ~eat duties of life. When the negro came to this coun been spent by any or all the politica parties in fifteen years before ; . try from his Atrican home he spoke his African gibberish and wor and if the Senator from Alabama or Senators from any other portion shiped the most obscene idols; and if you were to import negroes of the com1~;y would lika to include Colorado in this investigation, from there to-day you would find meri of just such condition and I shoulcl '-'11 most happy to have it put in and I will prove my state quality. The explorations which have been recently made in Africa ment uerore any respectable commit teo. by the great American and English travelers have revealed the fact Mr. .BLAINE. It is in there. -that the negro in his native home is in the same state he was when Mr. TELLER. If it is in there, the gentleman shall have every your fathers brought him to this country and sold him to our , and opportunity so far as we are concerned to prove whet.her there were in just the same condition. Who, then, has been his educator f Who frauds in Colorado or not, and if I d'o not make good what I say, that made him the peer of the greatest citizen of tho Northern, States Y the democratic party put up and expended their money more liberally~ , Who fitted him for American citizenship. ·who built him np in his more extensively than it had ever been expended bv all political par- moral character, in his manhood, in his education, in his ::esthetic ties, then I am greatly mistaken. ~ . 1878. CONGR.ESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. 243 I am asked by a Senator whose money they expended. I do not EXECuTIVE COIDIC~CATIOX. know. It is charged publicly in that country that they seized one The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a message from the railroad corporation and depleted its treasury in behalf of the demo President of the United States, communicating, in answer to a Senate cratic candidate for governor. We are prepared for any investigation resolution of December 5, 1878, information concerning postal and com if anybody sees fit to charge frauds in Colorado upon the republican mercial intercourse between the United States and Sooth American party here or anywhere else. countries; -which was referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and The VICE-PRESIDENT. Is the Senate ready for the question on Post-Roads, and ordered to be printed. the resolution, upon which the yeas and nays have been ordered '1 The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. . HOLIDAY RECE S. Mr. WITHERS. I wish to announce that my colleage [l\Ir. JOIL.'I Mr. MORRILL. I call up the resolution for adjournment over the TO~] is detained from his seat by indisposition. If present he would holidays. I think it onuht to be a.cted on. >ote ''yea." The 'VICE-PRESIDE§T. The Senator from Vermont calls up the ~Ir. MORRILL. My colleague [Mr. Em.I'Q."DS] is paired with the resolution from the House of Representatives which is a privileged Senator from Ohio [Mr. T.m:;R.UA...'I] on all political questions. They question. The resolution will be read. are both absent. The Secretary re::td a follows : ~Ir. CHRISTIANCY. I am paired with the Senator from Mis is Resolved, by the Hotu;e of Represt-'ntatives, (the Senate concurri11g,) That when the sippi, [Mr. LAXAR,] but I understand the pair only to extend to the House adjourns on Frida.y, the 20th instant, it stand adjourned until Monday, Jan question whether the committee should be required to hold public uary 6, .A.. D. 1879. examinations or whether they should be left to the discretion of the ~Ir. MORRILL. I yield for a moment to the Senator from Louisiana. committee. That question having been disposed of, as I understood 1 the Senator, he was in favor of the resolutions. I therefore consider J'GROI!S OATH. . myself at liberty to vote "yea," unless the Senator from Georgia, Mr. EUSTIS. Mr. Pre ident, I rise to a parliamentary inquiry, and (1\Ir. GoRDox,] who was the referee in the matter, shall otherwise I request the attention of the Senator from Michigan, chairman of the explain. Committee on the Revision of the Laws, [1\Ir. CHmsT~"'WY.] Quite Mr. GORDON. I think the Senator can vote without any difficulty. a number of citizens of the State of Louisiana have been arrested for ~Ir. CHRISTIANCY. I then vote "yea." an alleged violation of the laws of the United States at the la t elec l\fr. DAVIS, of Illinois. The Senator from Vermont stated that his tion. There was a bill passed by the Honse of Representatives repeal colleague and the Senator from Ohio were paired upon political ques ing the test oath which was required to be taken by petit anu grand tions. 1\Ir. TB:uR."\IAN, if he were here, would vote " yea," as well as jurors in the United States courts. That bill was referred to the Com • the Senator from Vermont, [Mr. EDMUNDS.] mittee on the Revision of the Laws on December p, 1877. That test 1\Ir. WITHERS. I wish to state that my colleague [~Ir. JOirnSTO~] oath law under which these parties in Louisiana are now to be tried was paired on political que tiona with the Senator from .Arkansas, is a law which was repealed in 1872; the e parties are to be tried under [1\Ir. DoRSEY,] but I did not announce the pair because I did not a law of the United States which has been in fact repealed, but which regard this question as political, and consec1uently excused him from was inserted in the Revised Statutes without any authority whatso indispo ition. ever and is now technically, though improperly, a statute of the United Mr. SAu""LSBURY. I was paired yesterday with the Senator from States. The provision of that law is that whereas a. citizen of Louisi Florida, [Mr. CoxoVER.] I have not seen him in the Chamber to ana is a fit person to be a United States Senator, is a :fit person to be day, and I do not know but that he may think the pair extends to even a jouge of the Supreme Court of the United States, or even the to-day. I therefore shall not vote. President of the United States, yet that person in law is au infamous Mr. GROVER, (who had voted in the affirmative.) I forgot that I person and cannot sit upon a jury in a United Staiea court-- was paired with the Senator from Kansas, [Mr. PLuMB.] I withdraw Mr. CHRISTIANCY. Mr. President-- my vote. :JI,fr. EUSTIS. The Senator does not understand me as making the :\1r. BUTLER. I am paired with the Senator from California, [Mr. slightest reflection on the committee. SARGEYf,] but his friend from Iowa [~fr. ALLISON] has absolved me :JI,fr. CHRISTIANCY. I wish to make an inquiry. When was that from that pair, and therefoFe I think I shall let my vote remain. bill to which the Senator alludes referred to the Committee on the Mr. ALLISON. The Senator from California and the Senator from Revi!rlon of the Laws? On what day' South Carolina would undoubtedly vote on the same side if the Sen Mr. EUSTIS. It was referred on the 6th of December, 1877. ator from California were here. Mr. CHRISTIANCY. My impresaion is, so far as relates to that par The result of the roll-call was announced-yeas 5G, nays 6; as fol- ticular bill, that it was afterward-I cannot now give the history of lows: - it--referred to the Judiciary Committee and has been before the Judi YE.d..S-56. ciary Committee. I cannot at this moment state what has been the Allison, Cockrell, Hoar, · Morrill, result. Anthony, Coke, Ho-we, Oglesby, Mr. EUSTIS. I understand that that is an error. I call the atten Armstrong, Conklin"', Ingalls, Paddock, tion of the Senator from Michigan to the fact that the records show Bailey, Davis of lllinois, Jones of Florida, Patterson, Barnum, Davis of W.Va., Kellogg, Randolph, that the bill is before his committee. I do not intend in the slightest Bayard, Dawes, Kerjjan, Ransom, degree of course to reflect upon any member of that committee, still Beck, Dennis, KirKwood, Rollins, less upon its distinguished chairman. I merely want to call the atten Blaine, Eustis, McDonald, Saunders, tion of the Senator, as chairman, apd of the members of that com llooth, Ferry, McMillan, Spencer, Burnside, Garland, McPherson, Teller, mittee, to the very urgent importance of an immediate passage, if Butler, 6-Qrdon, Matthews, Voorhees, possible, of the bill, as I do not think there can be any objection in Cameron of Pa., Hamlin, Maxey, Wadleigh, this body to the repeal of that statute. Cameron of Wis., Harris Merrimon, Windom, 1\'Ir. CHRISTIANCY. If the statute be repealed it is undoubtedly •Jhristiancy, Heref~rd, Mitchell, Withers. true, as the Senator has remarked, that the revision ought to be so N.A.YS--6. amended as to show it; but I wish to state here that I do not think Raton, McCreery, Wallace, Wbyt~. Morgan, that, according to my recollection, such a bill ever came into that com Hill, mittee since I have been chairman of the committee, and I think I A.BSE:NT-14. was chairman of it at that time. I do not think the b1ll ever rea.ched Bruce, Edmunds, Lamar, Sharon, Chaffee, Grover, Plumb, Thurman. the committee. Conover, Johnston, Sargent, 1\k. EUSTIS. I am merely guided by the record, which savs: "In Dorsey, Jones of ::s-evada, Saulsbury, the Senate of the United States December 6, 1877. Bill H. R. 1890, So the resolutions were agreed to. read twice, and referred to the Committee on Revision of the Laws." Mr. BECK. Will the Senat-or from Louisiana allow me to make a MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. suggestion to him¥ I have introduced a bill to correct the evils A message from the Honse of Representatives, by 1\-Ir. GEORGE M. which he complains of and to repeal those sections of the Revised .A.DiliB, its Clerk, announced that the House had passed the following Statutes relative to jurors. It is now on the table of the Senate, sub biXs; in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate: ject to be called up, auu I hope to be able to call it up to-morrow A 'bill (H. R. No. 942) to authorize the Secretary of War to construct morning and ask the Senate to pass it. If that can be done it will a. bridge across the Potomac River at or near the Three Sisters Islands; relieve the difficulty. I give notice now that I will to-mOlTOW morn and ing call up that bill. A bill (H. R. No. 5683) to amend an act approved June 20, 1878, an,d Mr. EUSTIS. I suggest to the Senator from Kentucky if it would to fix the rate of interest on bonds authorized by said a.ct to be issued not be better for the Senate to take up the House bill a.nd pass it. by the commissioners of the District of Columbia, and for other pur Mr. BECK. It would, and I have no idea that will be done, and I poses. fear it will remain without action. The House will concur in the E!\"'"ROLLED BILLS SIG~"ED. bill to which I have alluded, if we pass it. The message also announced that the Speaker of the House had Mr. MORRILL. I supposed the Senator from Louisiana wanted signed the following enrolled bills; and they were thereupon signed only a minute's explanation. I think the adjournment ought to be by the Vice-President: acted on while the Senate is fnll. · A bill (S. No. 1460) to authorize the issue of certain duplicate reg HOLIDAY RECESS. istered bonds for the benefit of the Manhairtan Savings Institution; The VICE-PRESIDENT. Will the Seuate agree to the House con and current resolution in reference to adjournment f A bill (H. R. ~o. 54&>) for the relief of Andrew :Muckle. Mr. MORRILL. I offer the followi?g amendment- . 244 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. DECEI\IBER 17, . The VICE-PRESIDENT. The resolution will first be read. The amendment was rejected. The Secretary read the resolution, as follows : The VICE-PRESIDENT. Will the Senate agree to the resolution Resolved by tJw House of Representatives, (the Sertate concuring,) That when the of the House as it has been amended f House adjourns on Friday, the 20th instant, it stand adjourned until Monday, Mr.. McCREERY. I move to amend by striking out '(Friday the January 6, .A.. D. 1879. 20th IDBtant" and the words "Monday, January 6," and inserting Mr. MORRILL. It will be observed that the resolution that comes "Thursday the 19th instant" and "Tuesday, the 7th of January." from·the Honse merely provides for the adjournment of that branch The VICE-PRESIDENT. The question is on the amendment of of Congress, making no provision for any adjournment on the part of the Senator from Kentucky. tho Senate. It is also proposed that the House shall adjourn for an The amendment was rejected. unu nally long period. Heretofore, in years past it was only cus The VICE-PRESIDENT. Will the Senate agree to the resoluti8n tomary to adjourn for the day or at most for a little more than a as amended 'f week but we have reached the habit of adjourning for about a fort Mr. BLATh'E. I think the last motion ought to have been divided. night, and now this resolution comes with a proposition to adjourn Monday is not a good day for the reassembling of Congress. It ought for seventeen days. I have thought, therefore, it was better that we to be Tuesday. Monday is the worse day in the week for the reas should diminish the number of days for adjournment to a fortnight sembling of Congress after a recess. and that we include the Senate; and my amendment is to include The VICE-PRESIDENT. Does the Senator move to amend in that the Senate as well as the House in the adjournment, and to make the respectf ' adjournment for a fortnight instead of seventeen days. Mr. BLAINE. I move to amend by substituting Tuesday, the 7th The VICE-PRESIDENT. The amendment will be reported. of January, for Monday, the 6th. Mr. ALLISON. I ask the Senator from Vermont to withdraw his The VICE-PRESIDEJ\"T. The question is on the amendment of the amendment so that we can take the sense of the Senate upon the two Senator from Maine. questions separately. The question being put, there were on a divi ion-ayes 281 noes 28. Mr. MORRILL. The Senator can move to amend the amendment The VICE-PRESIDENT. The vote of the Senate being equally and insert the proposition of the House if he c,hooses. divided, the Chair votes in the affirmative. As thus amended, will Mr. ANTHO~'Y. The Senator from Iowa can ask for a division of the Senate agree to the resolution of the House of Representatives! the question. The resolution, as amended, was concurred in. Mr. DAWES. I suggest to the S6nator from Iowa that he can make a motion to amend the original proposition which would take preced EXECUTIVE SESSIOX: • ence of the motion of the Senator from Vermont. Mr. HAMLIN. Mr. President, I now move that the Senate proceed Mr. MORRILL. My motion is to amend the original proposition. to the consideration of executive business. 1\fr. HOAR. I move to perfect the House resolution by inserting in The motion was agreed to ; and the Senate proceeded to the con stead of the words "the House " the words "two Houses ; " and sideration of executive business. After sixteen minutes spent in instead of "it," later in the resolution, the word "they." I suppose executive session the doors were reopened, and (at four o'clock and that will take precedence of the amendment of the Senator from Ver forty-four minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned. mont, as it affects the original proposition. The VICE-PRESIDENT. It will, and the question is on the amend- ment of the Senator from Massachusetts, [Mr. HOAR.] The amendment was agreed to. Mr. WITHERS. Let it be reported now. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The resglution will be read as amended. The Secretary read as follows : TuESDAY, December 17, 1878. Resolved by the House of Rep1·esentatives, (the Senate concurring,) That when the The House met at twelve o'clock m. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. two Houses adjourn on Friday, the 20th instant, they stand adjourned until Mon day, January 6, A. D.1879. W. P.liARRISON, D. D. The Journal of yesterday was read and approved. .The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Senator from Vermont [Mr. MoR RILL] proposes an amendment which will now be read. AD11fiBSION TO THE FLOOR. The SECRETARY. It is proposed to strike out all after the word The SPEAKER. Hon. John D. Long, the lieutenant-governor "that" and insert: elect of the State of Massachusetts, is present, and the Chair de u·e "When the Senate and House adjourn on Monday the 23d instant, they shall stand to invite him to the privileges of the floor. Is there objection Y adjourned until Friday, January 4, A. D. 1879 . There was no objection, and it was ordered accordingly. .Mr. HAMLIN. 1\fr. President- . DIPRO~"'T OF THAMES RIVER, CONNECTICUT. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The question is not debatable. Mr. WAIT, by unanimous consent, introduced a bill (H. R. No. 5684) !tfr. HAMLIN. Not debatable! for continuing the improvements on the river Thames, Connecticut; The VICE-PRESIDEljT. Not debatable. which was read a first and second time, referred to the Committee on 1\lr. HAMLIN. Why not! · Commerce, and ordered to be printed. The VICE-PRESIDENT. Simply because the rnles preclude debate niPROVEME~T OF STONL'{GTON HARBOR, COl\~ECTICUT. upon it. . Mr. HAMLIN. Will the Chair.be kind enough to state the rulef Mr. WAIT also, by unanimous consent, introduced a bill (H. R. No . The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Chair will have the rule read. The 5685) for continuing the improvement of Stonington Harbor, Con Secretary will report the forty-third rule. necticut; which was read a first and second time, referred to the The Secretary read as follows : Committee on Commerce, and ordered to be printed. 43. "When a question is pending, no motion shall be received but- RICHARD F. LOPER. To adjourn, . . . J"!tir. WAIT also, by unanimous consent, introduced a bill (H. R. No. To adjourn to a day certam, or that when the Senate a{ljourn, 1t shall be to a .S686) for the relief of Richard F. Loper; which was read a first ancl day certain, · To take a recess, second time, referred to the Committee on Patents, and ordered to be To proceed to the consideration of executh·e business, p~ted. To lay on the table, · LEAVE TO PRINT. To postpone indefinitely, To postpone to a day certain, Mr. ROl\IERO, by unanimous consent, was granted leave to print To commit, . in the REcoRD as part of the debates some remarks which he had To amend; prepared on Senate bill No. 3i6, to provide for ascertaining and et which several motions shall have precedence in the order in which they stand ar ranged ; and the motions relating to adjournment, to take a. recess, to proceed to tling private laud claims in certain States and Territories. [See Ap executi>e business, and to lay on the table, shall be decided without debate. pendix.] Mr. HAMLIN. Mr. President, I think in regard to a concurrent JULIUS BAUMER. resolution of the two branches of Congress, it has' never been held The SPEAKER, by unanimous consent, laid before the Hou e a that under the rule which has just been read it is not a matter to be message from the President of the United States in answer to resolu amended and debated like other legislation. tion of the House of the 5th instant, transmitting report from the The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Chair rules that it maybe amended Secretary of State, with accompanying papers, in reference to the on motion. expulsion from the whole territory of the German Empire of Julius Mr. HAMLIN. And debated? That does not come, in my judg Baumer, a naturalized citizen of the United States and a resident of ment, within the rule. the city of Chicago, in the State of Illinois, while on a visit to his The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Chair has no doubt of the construc aged parents at 1\liinster, Westphalia, in the kingdom of Prussia, by tion of the rule. the Prussian government, in violation of the treaty of 1\Iay 1, 1 28; Mr. HAMLIN. If the Chair so rules I shall not appeal, but I am which were referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs with per quite confident- mission to that committee to order the printing if they found it nec The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Chair is quite sure that the Senate essary. will listen to the Senator from Maine. He construes the rule, how ORDER OF BUSINES . ever, as he understands it. The Senate will listen to the Senator from Mr. HALE. I demand the regular order of bnsin&. Maine. [A pause.] Will the Senate agree to the amendment pro Mr. WOOD. I hope the gentleman will yield to allow me to make posed by the Senator from Vermont'f a request from the Committee of Ways and Means.