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Metabolic Studio Plant and Pest Guide

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Metabolic Studio Plant and Pest Guide Plant and Pest Guide Los Angeles State Historic Park Cheryl Wilen, Ph.D. 2016 Monica Dimson METABOLIC STUDIO Plant and Pest Guide Los Angeles State Historic Park Plant and Pest Guide Los Angeles State Historic Park This guide for the Los Angeles State Historic Park is intended to help the Park sta! identify common diseases and pests that could infect or feed on the plants found at the park. Plants should be monitored on a regular basis so that problems can be addressed before they spread. Park sta! should refer to this guide and other appropriate resources to help them implement the Park’s Integrated Pest Management (IPM) policy. This pest identi"cation guidebook was developed with the support from Metabolic Studio of Los Angeles and the cooperation of the sta! at Los Angeles State Historic Park. Cheryl Wilen, Ph.D. Area Integrated Pest Management Advisor University of California Cooperative Extension and UC Statewide IPM Program Monica Dimson Sta! Research Associate University of California Cooperative Extension Printed March 2016 Photos in this guide are attributed to the author(s) and a#liation cited in each photo caption. University of California does not take credit for the photos used in this guide unless speci"cally stated. Photos in this guide are used with permission of the authors, under public domain, or licensed under one of the following Creative Commons licenses: CC BY-SA 2.0 (creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en), CC BY-SA 2.5 (creativecommons.org/licenses/by- sa/2.5), CC BY-NC 3.0 (creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), or CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-sa/3.0). SelecTree photos accessed at selectree.calpoly.edu. The University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources (UC ANR) prohibits discrimination against or harassment of any person in any of its programs or activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender, gender expression, gender identity, pregnancy (which includes pregnancy, childbirth, and medical conditions related to pregnancy or childbirth), physical or mental disability, medical condition (cancer-related or genetic characteristics), genetic information (including family medical history), ancestry, marital status, age, sexual orientation, citizenship, status as a protected veteran or service in the uniformed services (as de"ned by the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act of 1994 [USERRA]), as well as state military and naval service. UC ANR policy prohibits retaliation against any employee or person in any of its programs or activities for bringing a complaint of discrimination or harassment. UC ANR policy also prohibits retaliation against a person who assists someone with a complaint of discrimination or harassment, or participates in any manner in an investigation or resolution of a complaint of discrimination or harassment. Retaliation includes threats, intimidation, reprisals, and/or adverse actions related to any of its programs or activities. UC ANR is an Equal Opportunity/A#rmative Action Employer. All quali"ed applicants will receive consideration for employment and/or participation in any of its programs or activities without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability, age or protected veteran status. University policy is intended to be consistent with the provisions of applicable State and Federal laws. Inquiries regarding the University’s equal employment opportunity policies may be directed to: John I. Sims, A#rmative Action Compliance O#cer and Title IX O#cer, University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources, 2801 Second Street, Davis, CA 95618, (530) 750-1397. Email: [email protected]. Website: http:// ucanr.edu/sites/anrsta!/Diversity/A#rmative_Action/. Table of Contents Plant Profiles Shrubs Grasses Coyote Bush 40 Mulefat 42 Small Fescue 2 San Diego Sun$ower 42 Hook Three Awn 2 Butter$y Bush 43 Rye Grass 3 Natal Plum 44 Idaho Fescue 4 Wild Lilac 46 Mokelumne Western Fescue 6 Blue Mountain Lilac 48 Molate Red Fescue 6 Sageleaf Rockrose 48 California Barley 8 Pink Rockrose 49 Rio Creeping Wildrye 9 California Buckwheat 49 Coast Range Melic 9 Golden Yarrow 50 Deergrass 10 Yellow Cranesbill 50 Switchgrass 11 Flannel Bush 51 Forbs Miniature Gardenia 52 Chinese Houses 13 Toyon 54 Dwarf Gold"elds 13 Mission Red Monkey Flower 57 Stinging Lupine 14 Paci"c Wax Myrtle 58 California Poppy 14 Dwarf Myrtle 60 Silver Licorice Plant 16 Prickly Pear 61 Japanese Honeysuckle 17 Sweet Fragrant Olive 62 White Yarrow 18 Winterborn Philodendron 63 Deerweed 19 Silver Plectranthus 64 Yerba Mansa 19 California Co!ee Berry 66 Tall Sagebrush 20 Yeddo Hawthorn 67 Beach Evening Primrose 20 Sugar Bush 70 Tropicanna Gold Canna 21 Catalina Currant 70 Red Valerian 23 Yellow Lady Banks Rose 71 Tickseed 23 Upright Rosemary 72 Purple Reed Stem Orchid 26 White Sage 74 Route 66 California Fuchsia 27 Germander Sage 74 Evening Primrose 28 Creeping Sage 76 Blue-Eyed Grass 28 Mexican Marigold 77 Purple Wandering Jew 29 Star Jasmine 78 Palms Succulents Mediterranean Fan Palm 31 Blue Fox Tail Agave 81 Dwarf Palmetto 32 Dasylirion Agave 83 Reeds, Rushes, & Sedges Coastal Agave 83 Papyrus 34 Sunrise Tequila Agave 84 Common Cattail 34 Octopus Agave 84 Cape Rush 34 Bauer’s Dracaena Palm 85 Spiny Rush 35 Giant Chalk Dudleya 87 California Gray rush 35 Our Lady’s Candle 89 Basket Rush 35 Soft Leaf Yucca 90 Berkeley Sedge 36 Trees San Diego Sedge 37 White Alder 92 Foothill Sedge 37 Marina Strawberry Tree 95 Flax Lily 38 Incense Cedar 97 New Zealand Flax 38 Eastern Redbud 99 Western Redbud 101 Valencia Orange 102 Table of Contents Rustleaf Fig 106 Invertebrates Jacaranda 108 Agave snout weevil 175 California Walnut 109 Alder $ea beetle 176 Goldenrain Tree 111 Ants 177 Fruitless White Mulberry 113 Aphids 178 Fruitless Olive 115 Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) 179 California Sycamore 117 Billbugs 180 Fremont Cottonwood 120 Canna leaf roller 181 Fruiting Pomegranate 123 Citrus leafminer 182 Coast Live Oak 126 Codling moth 183 Cork Oak 129 Flatheaded borers 184 Willow 131 Foliage-feeding caterpillars 185 Blue Elderberry 134 Gall and blister mites 186 California Pepper 136 Glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS) 187 Tipu Tree 138 Goldspotted oak borer (GSOB) 188 California Bay 140 Grasshoppers 189 Leadcable borer 190 Lea!ooted bug 191 Pest Photos Leafhoppers 192 Diseases Mealybugs 193 Alternaria diseases 144 Mountain pine beetle 194 Anthracnose 145 Olive psyllid 195 Armillaria root rot 146 Peppertree psyllid 196 Bacterial blight 147 Polyphagous shot hole borer (PSHB) 197 Black spot 148 Poplar and willow borer 198 Botrytis blight 149 Scales 199 Collar rot 150 Snails and slugs 200 Cordyline slime $ux 151 Spider mite 201 Crown gall 152 Sycamore borer 202 Damping-o! disease 153 Thrips 203 Deep bark canker 154 Tipu psyllid 204 Dollar spot 155 Treehoppers 205 Dry pocket rot 156 Western conifer seed bug 206 Ergot 157 Western oak bark beetle 207 Fire blight 158 Western sycamore lace bug 208 Head smut 159 White grubs 209 Heart rot 160 White$y 210 Leaf spot diseases 161 Willow leaf gall saw$y 211 Nectria canker 162 Nematodes Oleander leaf scorch 163 Root knot nematodes 212 Phytophthora root and crown rot 164 Vertebrates Powdery mildew 165 Deer mouse 213 Pythium blight 166 Ground squirrel 214 Red thread 167 Pocket gopher 215 Rust 168 Rabbits 216 Take-all disease 169 Rats 217 Thousand cankers disease 170 Voles 218 Tobacco mosaic virus 171 Twig dieback and trunk cankers 172 Weeds Verticillium wilt 173 Red brome 219 Wetwood 174 Plant Profiles Grasses GRASSES SMALL FESCUE Vulpia microstachys PLANT TYPE Annual grass PLANT SIZE 6-30 inches tall CARE Full sun; low-medium water needs; prefers thin, low-nutrient, sandy soils POSSIBLE PESTS Red brome, Bromus rubens IMPACT Invasive weed that competes with establishment of small fescue. Requires less water than most native grasses to germinate. MANAGEMENT OPTIONS Mow or hand remove red brome in early spring before it !owers. Repeated mowing (every 3 weeks) can reduce seed production. Dispose of plant mate- Small fescue. Photo: Keir Morse. rial properly in order to prevent new infestations. Red brome is most vulnerable to herbicide application in the seedling stage. ! photos on page 219 HOOK THREE AWN Aristida ternipes var. hamulosa PLANT TYPE Perennial grass PLANT SIZE 1-3 feet tall CARE Full sun; low water needs POSSIBLE PESTS No known major pest problems Hook three awn. Photo: Keir Morse. LA STATE HISTORIC PARK: PLANT AND PEST GUIDE 2 GRASSES RYE GRASS Elymus condensatus ‘Canyon Prince’ PLANT TYPE Perennial evergreen grass PLANT SIZE 2-3 feet tall by 3-4 feet wide CARE Full sun; low water needs—occasional watering needed, but overwatering will cause plant to wilt POSSIBLE PESTS No known major pest problems Rye grass. Photo: Steve Matson. LA STATE HISTORIC PARK: PLANT AND PEST GUIDE 3 GRASSES IDAHO FESCUE Festuca idahoensis PLANT TYPE Perennial evergreen grass PLANT SIZE 1 foot tall with 18-24 inch !ower stems CARE Full sun to light shade; low water needs—does not tolerate !ooding, so do not overwater POSSIBLE PESTS Grasshoppers (multiple species) IMPACT Generalist feeders that consume plant leaves and !owers. Damage is usually limited to early summer. MANAGEMENT OPTIONS Major grasshopper infestations are di"cult to manage once the insects have invaded an area. If severe grasshopper activity is anticipated (e.g. during years of grasshopper migration), baits or trap crops can be used around the perimeter of an area to protect species of concern. Small grasshopper nymphs are easier to control than larger nymphs or adults, so treatments are best applied earlier in the season. See ipm.ucanr.edu/pmg/pestnotes/pn74103.html. ! photos on page 189 Damping-o" disease (caused by Rhizoctonia and Pythium fungi) IMPACT Infection by these diseases may cause: seeds to decay before emerging; young plants to rot or partially rot near the soil surface, causing plants to fall or remain stunted before dying; infection at the root tips of young plants that progresses up the stem.
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