Existing Conditions and Issues
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The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park Preliminary General Plan Table of Contents Introduction......................................................................................................... 1 A Quiet Forest Close to the City.............................................................................................1 A Rugged and Diverse Landscape..........................................................................................1 A Humanized Landscape........................................................................................................1 The Marks Family Legacy......................................................................................................2 The Spirit of The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park.............................................................2 Purpose of this General Plan...................................................................................................3 Existing Conditions and Issues .......................................................................... 5 Existing Land Use...................................................................................................................5 Regional Land Use..................................................................................................................5 Physical Resources .................................................................................................................6 Biotic Resources ...................................................................................................................13 Cultural Resources................................................................................................................29 Interpretive and Educational Resources ...............................................................................60 Aesthetic Resources..............................................................................................................62 Recreational Resources.........................................................................................................66 General Accessibility............................................................................................................69 Circulation ............................................................................................................................71 Utilities..................................................................................................................................72 Public Services......................................................................................................................72 Park Support .........................................................................................................................73 Planning Influences...............................................................................................................73 Issues/Analysis......................................................................................................................78 The Plan ............................................................................................................. 81 Unit Purpose and Vision.......................................................................................................81 General Unit Management Goals and Guidelines ................................................................83 Resource Management Goals and Guidelines ......................................................................84 Natural Resources .................................................................................................................84 Unitwide Visitor Use and Opportunities ..............................................................................94 Area Goals and Guidelines .................................................................................................106 Acquisitions ........................................................................................................................113 Issue Resolution..................................................................................................................114 March 2003 i The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park Preliminary General Plan Environmental Analysis ................................................................................. 117 Summary ............................................................................................................................ 117 Environmental Issues to be Resolved ................................................................................ 123 Project Description............................................................................................................. 123 Environmental Setting........................................................................................................ 124 Significant Environmental Effects and Mitigation ............................................................ 129 Mitigation Measures Proposed to Minimize Significant Effects....................................... 167 Unavoidable Significant Environmental Effects................................................................ 167 Significant Irreversible Environmental Changes ............................................................... 167 Growth-inducing Impacts .................................................................................................. 167 Sustainable Design............................................................................................................. 168 Alternatives to the Proposed Action .................................................................................. 168 Cumulative Impacts ........................................................................................................... 173 Effects Found not to be Significant.................................................................................... 175 List of Preparers................................................................................................................. 178 Comments Received on the Preliminary General Plan and Draft EIR .............................. 179 References........................................................................................................ 181 Tables ............................................................................................................... 191 Table 1 - Water Quality Analyses Performed on Aptos Creek 193 Table 2 - Active Faults in the Vicinity of The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park 195 Table 3 - Invasive Exotics of Priority Concern Within The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park 196 Table 4 - Site Value Percentages 197 Table 5 - Special-Status Species Present or Potentially Occurring Within The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park 198 Table 6 - Record Search Results for The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park 203 Table 7 - Existing Daily Traffic Volumes on Roadways in the Study Area 204 Table 8 - Air Pollutant Summary, 1993-1997 126 Table 9 - Typical Commercial Construction Noise Levels 153 Table 10 - Summary Overview of Alternatives 169 Table 11 - List of Preparers 178 Figures.............................................................................................................. 205 Figure 1 - Vicinity Map iv Figure 2 - Existing Conditions 4 Figure 3 - Slopes 207 Figure 4 - Soils 209 Figure 5 - Geology 211 Figure 6 - Vegetation Series 213 Figure 7 - Alternative A 215 ii March 2003 The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park Preliminary General Plan Figure 8 - Alternative B 217 Figure 9 - Alternative C 219 Appendices....................................................................................................... 221 Appendix A - Definitions of Beneficial Uses of Surface Waters Within The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park 223 Appendix B - Special-Status Species Present or Potentially Occurring Within The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park 225 Appendix C - Special Status Species 233 March 2003 iii The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park Preliminary General Plan The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park VICINITY MAP FIGURE 1 iv March 2003 The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park Preliminary General Plan Introduction A Quiet Forest Close to the City First time visitors to The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park are often surprised to find this island of seclusion and serenity so close to the urban canyons of the San Francisco Bay Area. Located within an hour’s drive of San Jose and ninety minutes from San Francisco, the Park is a perfect place to spend a day or week-end exploring a heavily-forested and diverse landscape. Even Santa Cruz County residents are often startled by the abrupt transition from the noise and traffic of nearby Aptos and the peace and solitude found only a mile up the Park’s main access road. Overshadowed by nearby well-known and heavily-used parks like Seacliff State Beach, and Henry Cowell Redwoods State Park, the 10,036 acre Forest of Nisene Marks State Park offers an usual opportunity for the visitor wishing to bicycle, hike, or just sit beside the clear, flowing waters of Aptos Creek. And, for those wishing to hike beyond the sound of any voice save their own, there are trails steep and long enough to reward them with the quiet they seek. In fact, one can often find quiet places a mere hundred yards off the well-traveled main road into the Park. A Rugged and Diverse Landscape The dominant geographic feature of the Park is the Aptos Creek watershed that is almost entirely within the Park’s boundaries. Combined with the