DOCSLIB.ORG

A Corn and Soybean Herbicide Chart

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Corn and Soybean Herbicide Chart By Premix This chart lists premix herbicides alphabetically by their trade names Corn and Soybean so you can identify the premix’s component herbicides and their respective site of action groups. Refer to the Mode of Action chart on the left for more information. Herbicide Chart Component Premix Site of Action Trade Name ® Trade Name ® Active Ingredient Group Repeated use of herbicides with the same Anthem Zidua pyroxasulfone 15 Cadet fluthiacet-ethyl 14 site of action can result in the development of Autority Assist Spartan sulfentrazone 14 Pursuit imazethapyr 2 herbicide-resistant weed populations. Authority First Spartan sulfentrazone 14 FirstRate cloransulam 2 Autority MTZ Spartan sulfentrazone 14 Sencor metribuzin 5 By Mode of Action (effect on plant growth) Authority XL Spartan sulfentrazone 14 Classic chlorimuron 2 This chart groups herbicides by their modes of action to assist you in Autumn Super Autumn iodosulfuron 2 selecting herbicides 1) to maintain greater diversity in herbicide use and ------- thiencarbazone 2 Basis Blend Resolve rimsulfuron 2 2) to rotate among herbicides with different sites of action to delay the Harmony thifensulfuron 2 development of herbicide resistance. Bicep II Magnum Dual II Magnum s-metolachlor 15 (Bicep Lite II Mag) AAtrex atrazine 5 The Site of Action Group is a classification system developed by the Weed Science Society of America. Boundary Dual Magnum s-metolachlor 15 Sencor metribuzin 5 Breakfree ATZ Breakfree acetochlor 15 (Breakfree ATZ Lite) AAtrex atrazine 5 Number of resistant Bullet Micro-Tech alachlor 15 Site of weed species in U.S. AAtrex atrazine 5 Action Active Product Examples Callisto Xtra Callisto mesotrione 27 Group Site of Action Chemical Family Ingredient (Trade Name ®) AAtrex atrazine 5 Canopy Classic chlorimuron 2 Lipid Sencor metribuzin 5 1 ACCase Inhibitors 15 Aryloxyphenoxy fenoxaprop component of Fusion Canopy EX Classic chlorimuron 2 Synthesis (acetyl CoA carboxylase) propionate fluazifop Fusilade DX Express tribenuron 2 quizalofop Assure II, Targa Inhibitors Capreno ------- thiencarbazone 2 Laudis tembotrione 27 Cyclohexanedione clethodim Select, Arrow Cinch ATZ Dual II Magnum s-metolachlor 15 sethoxydim Poast, Poast Plus (Cinch ATZ Lite) AAtrex atrazine 5 Corvus ------- thiencarbazone 2 2 ALS Inhibitors 44 Sulfonylurea chlorimuron Classic Balance Flexx isoxaflutole 27 (acetolactate synthase) foramsulfuron Option Degree Xtra Degree acetochlor 15 halosulfuron Permit AAtrex atrazine 5 iodosulfuron Autumn Enlite Classic chlorimuron 2 nicosulfuron Accent Q Harmony thifensulfuron 2 primisulfuron Beacon Valor flumioxazin 14 prosulfuron Peak Envive Classic chlorimuron 2 Amino rimsulfuron Resolve Harmony thifensulfuron 2 thifensulfuron Harmony Valor flumioxazin 14 Acid tribenuron Express Expert Dual II Magnum s-metolachlor 15 Synthesis AAtrex atrazine 5 Inhibitors Imidazolinone imazamox Raptor glyphosate glyphosate 9 imazaquin Scepter Exteme Pursuit imazethapyr 2 imazethapyr Pursuit glyphosate glyphosate 9 Fierce Valor flumioxazin 14 Triazoloyrimidine flumetsulam Python Zidua pyroxasulfone 15 cloransulam FirstRate Fierce XLT* Valor flumioxazin 14 Triazolinones thiencarbazone component of Capreno Zidua pyroxasulfone 15 Classic chlorimuron 2 Flexstar GT Flexstar fomesafen 14 9 EPSP Synthase 13 None accepted glyphosate Roundup, Touchdown, glyphosate glyphosate 9 Inhibitor others Fusion Fusilade DX fluazifop 1 (5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate) Puma fenoxaprop 1 Gangster Valor flumioxazin 14 4 Specific site 10 Phenoxy 2,4-D Weedone, others FirstRate cloransulam 2 unknown Guardsman Max Outlook dimethenamid-P 15 Growth Benzoic acid dicamba Banvel, Clarity, others (G-Max Lite) AAtrex atrazine 5 Regulators Halex GT Dual Magnum s-metolachlor 15 Carboxylic acid clopyralid Stinger (Synthetic auxins) Callisto mesotrione 27 fluroxypyr Starane glyphosate glyphosate 9 Harness Xtra Harness acetochlor 15 19 Auxin Transport 0 Semicarbazone diflufenzopyr component of Status AAtrex atrazine 5 Hornet Stinger clopyralid 4 Python flumetsulam 2 5 Photosystem II 24 Triazine atrazine AAtrex, others Instigate Resolve rimsulfuron 2 Inhibitors simazine Princep Callisto mesotrione 27 (different binding than 6 & 7) Triazinone metribuzin Sencor, others Keystone Surpass acetochlor 15 Photo- (Keystone LA) AAtrex atrazine 5 synthesis 6 Photosystem II 1 Nitrile bromoxynil Buctril, Moxy Lexar EZ Callisto mesotrione 27 Dual II Magnum s-metolachlor 15 Inhibitors Inhibitors (different binding than 5 & 7) Benzothiadiazole bentazon Basagran AAtrex atrazine 5 Lumax EZ Callisto mesotrione 27 Dual II Magnum s-metolachlor 15 7 Photosystem II 7 Ureas linuron Lorox, Linex AAtrex atrazine 5 Inhibitors (different binding than 5 & 6) Marksman Clarity dicamba 4 AAtrex atrazine 5 Nitrogen Glutamine Synthesis 1 None accepted glufosinate Liberty 10 NorthStar Beacon primisulfuron 2 Metabolism Inhibitor Clarity dicamba 4 Optill Sharpen saflufenacil 14 Pursuit imazethapyr 2 13 Diterpene Synthesis 1 Isoxazolidinone clomazone Command Permit Plus Harmony thifensulfuron 2 Pigment Inhibitor Permit halosulfuron 2 Inhibitors Priority Aim carfentrazone 14 Permit halosulfuron 2 27 HPPD Inhibitors 1 Isoxazole isoxaflutole Balance Flexx Prefix Dual Magnum s-metolachlor 15 Pyrazolone topramezone Impact, Armezon Reflex fomesafen 14 Triketone mesotrione Callisto Prequel Resolve rimsulfuron 2 tembotrione Laudis Balance Flexx isoxaflutole 27 Pursuit Plus Pursuit imazethapyr 2 Prowl pendimethalin 3 14 PPO Inhibitors 2 Diphenylether acifluorfen Ultra Blazer Realm Q Resolve rimsulfuron 2 fomesafen Flexstar, Reflex, others Callisto mesotrione 27 lactofen Cobra, Phoenix Resolve Q Resolve rimsulfuron 2 Harmony thifensulfuron 2 Cell N-phenylphthalimide flumiclorac Resource Require Q Resolve rimsulfuron 2 flumioxazin Valor Clarity dicamba 4 Membrane Rezult Basagran bentazon 6 Aryl triazinone sulfentrazone Spartan Poast sethoxydim 1 Disrupters Sequence Dual Magnum s-metolachlor 15 carfentrazone Aim glyphosate glyphosate 9 fluthiacet-ethyl Cadet Shotgun AAtrex atrazine 5 Pyrimidinedione saflufenacil Sharpen ------- 2,4-D 4 Photosystem I 22 Sonic Spartan sulfentrazone 14 Electron Diverter 5 Bipyridilium paraquat Gramoxone Inteon FirstRate cloransulam 2 Seedling Spartan Charge Spartan sulfentrazone 14 Root Aim carfentrazone 14 3 Microtubule 6 Dinitroaniline ethalfluralin Sonalan Spirit Peak prosulfuron 2 Growth Inhibitors pendimethalin Prowl H20, others Beacon primisulfuron 2 Inhibitors trifluralin Treflan, others Status ------- diflufenzopyr 19 Clarity dicamba 4 Steadfast Q Accent Q nicosulfuron 2 8 Lipid Synthesis 5 Thiocarbamate butylate Sutan + Resolve rimsulfuron 2 Seedling Inhibitors EPTC Eradicane SureStart Surpass acetochlor 15 Shoot (not ACCase) Stinger clopyralid 4 Python flumetsulam 2 Growth 15 Long-chain Fatty 1 Chloroacetamide acetochlor Degree, Harness, Surpass, Synchrony Classic chlorimuron 2 Inhibitors Acid Inhibitor Warrant, others Harmony thifensulfuron 2 alachlor Intrro, Micro-Tech TripleFLEX Harness acetochlor 15 metolachlor Dual II Magnum, others Stinger clopyralid 4 dimethenamid Outlook Python flumetsulam 2 Valor XLT Valor flumioxazin 14 Oxyacetamide flufenacet Define Classic chlorimuron 2 Verdict Sharpen saflufenacil 14 * indicates product is not registered for use at Outlook dimethenamid-P 15 the time of printing. Check for a label and MSDS Pyrazole pyroxasulfone Zidua Widematch Stinger clopyralid 4 at www.cdms.net to confirm status. Starane fluroxypyr 4 Yukon Banvel dicamba 4 Glyphosate, Weeds, and Crop Series GWC-3 University of Wisconsin-Extension, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences. Permit halosulfuron 2 An equal opportunity action employer, Zemax Callisto mesotrione 27 Distributed by weed scientists from 16 North Central Universities, who are working on weed management in University of Wisconsin-Extension Dual II Magnum s-metolachlor 15 glyphosate-resistant cropping systems. For information about obtaining copies of this publication and other provides equal opportunities in resources, see www.glyphosateweedscrops.org employment and programming, including Title IX requirements. Financial support for printing provided by BASF, Bayer CropScience, Dow AgroSciences, DuPont, Monsanto, Layout provided by the University of Wisconsin’s Nutrient Syngenta, and Valent USA. January 2013 and Pest Management program (ipcm.wisc.edu). NPM.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Relative Tolerance of Peanuts to Alachlor and Metolachlor' Materials
    Relative Tolerance of Peanuts to Alachlor and Metolachlor' Glenn Wehtje*, John W. Wilcut, T. Vint Hicks2. and John McGuire3 ABSTRACT vealed that peas were most sensitive across all the sub- Field studies were conducted during 1984, 1985, and 1987 to evaluate weed control and the relative tolerance of peanuts stituted amide herbicides when the application was (Arachis hypogaea) to alachlor and metolachlor when applied at made 2 days after planting. This time of application cor- rates from 2.2 to 13.4 kg adha. Both single and split responded to shoot emergence, which is considered to preemergence, and postemergence applications were in- be the most sensitive portion of the seedling, through cluded. In 1984 and 1985, neither herbicide adversely affected the surface of the treated soil. Later applications re- yields compared to a hand-weeded control. In 1987, metolachlor at a rate of 9.0 kgha and alachlor at 13.4 k&a re- sulted in progressively less injury, indicating that the duced yields. Across all years, at least a two-fold safety factor foliar portion of the developing pea was relatively toler- existed between the maximum registered rate and the rate ant once emerged. Field studies indicated injury was necessary for peanut injury. Occurrence of injury appears to be markedly influenced by rainfall soon after planting. related to rainfall. Metolachlor was slightly more mobile than alachlor in soil chromatography trials, which may be a factor in Putnam and Rice (7) evaluated the factors associated its slightly greater propensity to be injurious under certain with alachlor injury on snap beans (Phaseolus vulgaris conditions of extensive leaching and/or slow peanut L.).
    [Show full text]
  • 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
    2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid IUPAC (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid name 2,4-D Other hedonal names trinoxol Identifiers CAS [94-75-7] number SMILES OC(COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl)=O ChemSpider 1441 ID Properties Molecular C H Cl O formula 8 6 2 3 Molar mass 221.04 g mol−1 Appearance white to yellow powder Melting point 140.5 °C (413.5 K) Boiling 160 °C (0.4 mm Hg) point Solubility in 900 mg/L (25 °C) water Related compounds Related 2,4,5-T, Dichlorprop compounds Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a common systemic herbicide used in the control of broadleaf weeds. It is the most widely used herbicide in the world, and the third most commonly used in North America.[1] 2,4-D is also an important synthetic auxin, often used in laboratories for plant research and as a supplement in plant cell culture media such as MS medium. History 2,4-D was developed during World War II by a British team at Rothamsted Experimental Station, under the leadership of Judah Hirsch Quastel, aiming to increase crop yields for a nation at war.[citation needed] When it was commercially released in 1946, it became the first successful selective herbicide and allowed for greatly enhanced weed control in wheat, maize (corn), rice, and similar cereal grass crop, because it only kills dicots, leaving behind monocots. Mechanism of herbicide action 2,4-D is a synthetic auxin, which is a class of plant growth regulators.
    [Show full text]
  • July 6, 2020 OPP Docket Environmental Protection Agency Docket Center (EPA/DC), (28221T) 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW Washington
    July 6, 2020 OPP Docket Environmental Protection Agency Docket Center (EPA/DC), (28221T) 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW Washington, DC 20460-000 Docket ID # EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0167 Re. Clopyralid, Case Number 7212 Dear Madam/Sir: These comments are submitted on behalf of Beyond Pesticides, Beyond Toxics, Center for Food Safety, Hawai’i Alliance for Progressive Action, Hawai'i SEED, LEAD for Pollinators, Maine Organic Farmers and Gardeners Association, Maryland Pesticide Education Network, Northeast Organic Farming Association—Massachusetts Chapter, Northwest Center for Alternatives to Pesticides, People and Pollinators Action Network, Real Organic Project, Sierra Club, Toxic Free NC, Women’s Voices for the Earth. Founded in 1981 as a national, grassroots, membership organization that represents community-based organizations and a range of people seeking to bridge the interests of consumers, farmers and farmworkers, Beyond Pesticides advances improved protections from pesticides and alternative pest management strategies that reduce or eliminate a reliance on pesticides. Our membership and network span the 50 states and the world. EPA’s proposed interim decision (PID) on the weed killer clopyralid is inadequate to protect property, nontarget plants, and pollinators from exposure to the chemical. Clopyralid poses unreasonable adverse effects that cannot be remedied by EPA’s proposed fixes. It should not be reregistered. Clopyralid has a long history of causing environmental and property damage through drift, runoff, use of treated plant material (such as straw or grass clippings) for mulch or compost, contaminated irrigation water, and urine or manure from animals consuming treated vegetation. Clopyralid (3,6-dichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid) is an herbicide used to control broadleaf weeds on nonresidential lawns and turf, range, pastures, right-of ways and on several crops.
    [Show full text]
  • U.S. EPA, Pesticide Product Label, CLOPYRALID MEA+2,4-D, 07/07/2008
    'f-;) 7 S-O - 'ta- \ ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION u.s. EPA Reg, Nwnber: Date of Issuance: AGENCY Office of Pesticide Programs 42750-92 Registration Division (7505P) -- 7 JtJL 2DOB Ariel Rios, Building 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Washington, D.C, 20460 NOTICE OF PESTICIDE: Term of Issuance: _ Registration -X Reregistration Name of Pesticide Product: (under FIFRA, as amended) Clopyralid MEA+ 2,4- D Name and Address of Registrant (include ZIP Code): Albaugh, Inc. 121 NE 18th Street Ankeny, IA 50021 N o~e: C.h~nge,~itiIflb~ljllgl,~i:t1~1i~~J9~~~1?~!iUiC~,fJqnf.th~i.:~G~~t~4j#'qqHriet£i~riw,ii4;tl}is, :' ',' ,,',: " registratio"n ~4stl>e ,s~Drriittedto,aPQjl,~9:~pt~qby 'theRe,gi~ttatipn pivisi()i1 prior t9 ':tI~.~"Qn~~)*~eI , ,~:~~~~r:::~.~:;~~:1~~jJ:r~,2t.edf.~,~.&.~~lt;'~I~\~i,~tfl%~~~i;m)~t~~:;'~~/~~·?~~:,)~·¥'t·.'~~~i,~j~:~:i)~.:,;" ,.".;,' "' On the basis of information furnished by the registrant, the above named pesticide is hereby registered/reregistered under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act. Registration is in no way to be construed as an endorsement or recommendation of this product by the Agency. In order to protect health and the environment, the Administrator, on his motion, may at any time suspend or cancel the registration of a pesticide in accordance with the Act. The acceptance of any name in connection with the registration of a product under this Act is not to be construed as giving the registrant a right to exclusive use of the name or to its use ifit has been covered by others. This product is reregistered in accordance with FIFRA sec.
    [Show full text]
  • Corn and Soybean Mode of Action Herbicide Chart
    By Premix Corn and Soybean This chart lists premix herbicides alphabetically by their trade names so you can identify the premix’s component herbicides and their respective site of action groups. Refer Herbicide Chart to the Mode of Action chart for more information. Component Repeated use of herbicides with the same Site of Premix Trade Active Action site of action can result in the development of Trade Name ® Name ® Ingredient Group* herbicide-resistant weed populations. Authority First ............... Spartan sulfentrazone 14 FirstRate cloransulam 2 Axiom ........................... Define flufenacet 15 This publication was designed for commercial printing, color shifts may occur on other printers and on-screeen. Sencor metribuzin 5 Basis . ........................... Resolve rimsulfuron 2 Harmony GT thifensulfuron 2 By Mode of Action (effect on plant growth) Bicep II Magnum .......... Dual II Magnum s-metolachlor 15 AAtrex atrazine 5 This chart groups herbicides by their modes of action to assist Bicep Lite II Magnum .... Dual II Magnum s-metolachlor 15 AAtrex atrazine 5 you in selecting herbicides 1) to maintain greater diversity in Boundary ...................... Dual Magnum s-metolachlor 15 herbicide use and 2) to rotate among herbicides with different Sencor metribuzin 5 Breakfree ATZ ............... Breakfree acetochlor 15 sites of action to delay the development of herbicide resistance. atrazine atrazine 5 Breakfree ATZ Lite ........ Breakfree acetochlor 15 Number of atrazine atrazine 5 resistant weed Buctril + Atrazine ......... Buctril bromoxynil 6 atrazine atrazine 5 species in U.S. Bullet ............................ Micro-Tech alachlor 15 Site of Chemical Active atrazine atrazine 5 Action Product Examples Camix ........................... Callisto mesotrione 28 Group* Site of Action Family Ingredient (Trade Name ®) Dual II Magnum s-metolachlor 15 Lipid Canopy DF ..................
    [Show full text]
  • Atrazine Active Ingredient Data Package April 1, 2015
    Active Ingredient Data Package ATRAZINE Version #5 (May 14, 2015) Long Island Pesticide Pollution Prevention Strategy Active Ingredient Assessment Bureau of Pest Management Pesticide Product Registration Section Contents 1.0 Active Ingredient General Information – Atrazine .................................................................... 3 1.1 Pesticide Type ........................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Primary Pesticide Uses .............................................................................................................. 3 1.3 Registration History .................................................................................................................. 3 1.4 Environmental Fate Properties ................................................................................................. 3 1.5 Standards, Criteria, and Guidance ............................................................................................ 4 2.0 Active Ingredient Usage Information ........................................................................................ 5 2.1 Reported Use of Atrazine in New York State ............................................................................ 5 2.2 Overall Number and Type of Products Containing the Active Ingredient ................................ 7 2.3 Critical Need of Active Ingredient to Meet the Pest Management Need of Agriculture, Industry, Residents, Agencies, and Institutions ......................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Herbicide Mode of Action Table High Resistance Risk
    Herbicide Mode of Action Table High resistance risk Chemical family Active constituent (first registered trade name) GROUP 1 Inhibition of acetyl co-enzyme A carboxylase (ACC’ase inhibitors) clodinafop (Topik®), cyhalofop (Agixa®*, Barnstorm®), diclofop (Cheetah® Gold* Decision®*, Hoegrass®), Aryloxyphenoxy- fenoxaprop (Cheetah®, Gold*, Wildcat®), fluazifop propionates (FOPs) (Fusilade®), haloxyfop (Verdict®), propaquizafop (Shogun®), quizalofop (Targa®) Cyclohexanediones (DIMs) butroxydim (Factor®*), clethodim (Select®), profoxydim (Aura®), sethoxydim (Cheetah® Gold*, Decision®*), tralkoxydim (Achieve®) Phenylpyrazoles (DENs) pinoxaden (Axial®) GROUP 2 Inhibition of acetolactate synthase (ALS inhibitors), acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) Imidazolinones (IMIs) imazamox (Intervix®*, Raptor®), imazapic (Bobcat I-Maxx®*, Flame®, Midas®*, OnDuty®*), imazapyr (Arsenal Xpress®*, Intervix®*, Lightning®*, Midas®* OnDuty®*), imazethapyr (Lightning®*, Spinnaker®) Pyrimidinyl–thio- bispyribac (Nominee®), pyrithiobac (Staple®) benzoates Sulfonylureas (SUs) azimsulfuron (Gulliver®), bensulfuron (Londax®), chlorsulfuron (Glean®), ethoxysulfuron (Hero®), foramsulfuron (Tribute®), halosulfuron (Sempra®), iodosulfuron (Hussar®), mesosulfuron (Atlantis®), metsulfuron (Ally®, Harmony®* M, Stinger®*, Trounce®*, Ultimate Brushweed®* Herbicide), prosulfuron (Casper®*), rimsulfuron (Titus®), sulfometuron (Oust®, Eucmix Pre Plant®*, Trimac Plus®*), sulfosulfuron (Monza®), thifensulfuron (Harmony®* M), triasulfuron (Logran®, Logran® B-Power®*), tribenuron (Express®),
    [Show full text]
  • Greenhouse and Field Evaluation of Isoxaflutole for Weed Control In
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Greenhouse and field evaluation of isoxaflutole for weed control in maize in China Received: 27 June 2017 Ning Zhao, Lan Zuo, Wei Li, Wenlei Guo, Weitang Liu & Jinxin Wang Accepted: 18 September 2017 Greenhouse and field studies were conducted to provide a reference for pre-emergence (PRE) Published: xx xx xxxx application of isoxaflutole on maize in China. In greenhouse study, the isoxaflutole PRE application at 30 g active ingredient (a.i.) ha−1 could effectively control large numbers of weeds, especially some large-seeded broadleaves, tested in this study. The tolerance results indicated 21 maize hybrids showed different responses to isoxaflutole under greenhouse conditions. In 2015 and 2016, field experiments were conducted to determine and compare the weed control efficacy and safety to Zhengdan 958 maize with 6 herbicide treatments. In both years, isoxaflutole PRE at 100 to 250 g a.i. ha−1 was sufficient to provide satisfactory full-season control of the dominant common broadleaf and grass weeds in the field. Temporary injury to maize was observed with isoxaflutole treatments of 125, 150, and 250 g a.i. ha−1 in both years, but plants recovered within 4 to 6 wk. To maximize maize yield and provide satisfactory weed control, a range of 100 to 150 g a.i. ha−1 of isoxaflutole is recommended, depending on the soil characteristics, weather, and weed species present at the experimental site. Based on the results, isoxaflutole PRE has good potential for weed control in maize in China. Maize was planted on more hectares than any other crops in China from 2010 to 2014, with an average of 35 million ha planted per year and yield averaging 5,779 kg per ha per year1.
    [Show full text]
  • Acifluorfen Sorption, Degradation, and Mobility in a Mississippi Delta Soil
    Acifluorfen Sorption, Degradation, and Mobility in a Mississippi Delta Soil L. A. Gaston* and M. A. Locke ABSTRACT repulsion effects, acifluorfen is sorbed by soil or soil Potential surface water and groundwater contaminants include her- constituents (Pusino et al., 1991; Ruggiero et al., 1992; bicides that are applied postemergence. Although applied to the plant Pusino et al., 1993; Gennari et al., 1994b; NeÁgre et al., canopy, a portion of any application reaches the soil either directly 1995; Locke et al., 1997). Although the extent of sorp- or via subsequent foliar washoff. This study examined sorption, degra- tion in soil is generally proportional to OC content dation, and mobility of the postemergence herbicide acifluorfen (5-[2- (Gennari et al., 1994b; NeÁgre et al., 1995; Locke et al., chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid) in Dundee 1997), sorption likely involves processes other than par- silty clay loam (fine-silty, mixed, thermic, Aeric Ochraqualf) taken titioning between aqueous and organic matter phases. from conventional till (CT) and no-till (NT) field plots. Homogeneous In particular, acifluorfen forms complexes with divalent surface and subsurface samples were used in the sorption and degrada- tion studies; intact soil columns (30 cm long and 10 cm diam.) were and trivalent cations (Pusino et al., 1991; Pusino et al., used in the mobility study. Batch sorption isotherms were nonlinear 1993) that may be sorbed or precipitated. Complex for- (Freundlich model) and sorption paralleled organic C (OC) content. mation and subsequent sorption may partially account All tillage by depth combinations of soil exhibited a time-dependent for increased acifluorfen sorption with decreasing soil approach to sorption equilibrium that was well described by a two- pH or increasing cation exchange capacity (Pusino et site equilibrium±kinetic model.
    [Show full text]
  • Exposure to Herbicides in House Dust and Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
    Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2013) 23, 363–370 & 2013 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved 1559-0631/13 www.nature.com/jes ORIGINAL ARTICLE Exposure to herbicides in house dust and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia Catherine Metayer1, Joanne S. Colt2, Patricia A. Buffler1, Helen D. Reed3, Steve Selvin1, Vonda Crouse4 and Mary H. Ward2 We examine the association between exposure to herbicides and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Dust samples were collected from homes of 269 ALL cases and 333 healthy controls (o8 years of age at diagnosis/reference date and residing in same home since diagnosis/reference date) in California, using a high-volume surface sampler or household vacuum bags. Amounts of agricultural or professional herbicides (alachlor, metolachlor, bromoxynil, bromoxynil octanoate, pebulate, butylate, prometryn, simazine, ethalfluralin, and pendimethalin) and residential herbicides (cyanazine, trifluralin, 2-methyl-4- chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA), mecoprop, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), chlorthal, and dicamba) were measured. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by logistic regression. Models included the herbicide of interest, age, sex, race/ethnicity, household income, year and season of dust sampling, neighborhood type, and residence type. The risk of childhood ALL was associated with dust levels of chlorthal; compared to homes with no detections, ORs for the first, second, and third tertiles were 1.49 (95% CI: 0.82–2.72), 1.49 (95% CI: 0.83–2.67), and 1.57 (95% CI: 0.90–2.73), respectively (P-value for linear trend ¼ 0.05). The magnitude of this association appeared to be higher in the presence of alachlor.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Risk Assessment for Saflufenacil
    TEXT SEARCHABLE DCOUMENT 2011 UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460 OFFICE OF CEMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION PC Code: 118203 DP Barcode: 380638 and 381293 Thursday, April 07, 2011 MEMORANDUM SUBJECT: Ecological Risk Assessment for Saflufenacil Section 3 New Chemical Uses as a harvest aid on dry edible beans, dry peas, soybean, oilseeds "sunflower subgroup 20B", oilseeds "cotton subgroup 20C", and oilseeds canola "subgroup 20A". TO: Kathryn Montague, M.S., Product Manager 23 Herbicide Branch Registration Division (RD) (7505P) FROM: ~ Mohammed Ruhman, Ph.D., Agronomist 2 :4- . ""=- ........ 04!tJt! (I neith Sappington, Senior Biologist/Science Adviso~.... Vd- Environmental Risk Branch V O'f/ .../ II Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P) THROUGH: Mah Shamim, Ph.D., Branch Chief Environmental Risk Branch VI Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P) This ecological risk assessment for saflufenacil new uses is relying on the attached previous assessment (Attachment 1). As shown in the usage summary (Table 1), the single and seasonal rate, for all the crops range from 0.045 to 0.089 lbs a.i/A are within the range application rates used in exposure modeling for the 2009 Section 3 New Chemical Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk Assessment (DP Barcode 349855). Therefore, risk findings determined for the 2009 assessment may be used in the assessment for this submittal. Specifically, the 2009 assessment found no chronic risks to avian and mammalian species at an agricultural use rate 0 0.134 lb a.i.lA. Acute risks were not determined for birds and mammals since saflufenacil was not acutely toxic at the highest doses tested.
    [Show full text]
  • U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program
    U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program Stream water-quality analytes Major ions and trace elements­schedule 998 (20 constituents) Pesticides ­­schedule 2437 (229 compounds) Alkalinity 1H­1,2,4­Triazole Arsenic 2,3,3­Trichloro­2­propene­1­sulfonic acid (TCPSA) Boron 2,4­D Calcium 2­(1­Hydroxyethyl)­6­methylaniline Chloride 2­[(2­Ethyl­6­methylphenyl)amino]­1­propanol Fluoride 2­Amino­N­isopropylbenzamide Iron 2­Aminobenzimidazole Lithium 2­Chloro­2',6'­diethylacetanilide 2­Chloro­4,6­diamino­s­triazine {CAAT} Magnesium (Didealkylatrazine) pH 2­Chloro­4­isopropylamino­6­amino­s­triazine Potassium 2­Chloro­6­ethylamino­4­amino­s­triazine {CEAT} Total dissolved solids 2­Chloro­N­(2­ethyl­6­methylphenyl)acetamide Selenium 2­Hydroxy­4­isopropylamino­6­amino­s­triazine 2­Hydroxy­4­isopropylamino­6­ethylamino­s­triazin Silica e {OIET} Sodium 2­Hydroxy­6­ethylamino­4­amino­s­triazine Specific conductance 2­Isopropyl­6­methyl­4­pyrimidinol Strontium 3,4­Dichlorophenylurea Sulfate 3­Hydroxycarbofuran Turbidity 3­Phenoxybenzoic acid Vanadium 4­(Hydroxymethyl)pendimethalin 4­Chlorobenzylmethyl sulfoxide Suspended sediment 4­Hydroxy molinate 4­Hydroxychlorothalonil Nutrients­schedule 2430 (18 constituents) 4­Hydroxyhexazinone A Inorganic carbon, suspended Acephate Dissolved inorganic carbon Acetochlor ammonia + organic nitrogen (unfiltered­Kjeldahl) Acetochlor oxanilic acid ammonia + organic nitrogen (filtered­Kjeldahl) Acetochlor sulfonic acid Ammonia as N, filtered Acetochlor sulfynilacetic acid nitrite, filtered Alachlor
    [Show full text]