City Officials Guide to Addressing Drug Abuse in Kentucky Communities

www.klc.org

Introduction ...... 3

Collaboration and Partnerships ...... 5 Kentucky Drug Task Force Regions Map KY-ASAP Local Boards Map

Legislative Update ...... 10 Sample Drug Resolution

City Action ...... 14

Funding and Resources for City Governments ...... 17

Treatment ...... 19

Additional Resources ...... 22

The Bottom-Line Impact of by our youth is 6 percent as Drug Abuse on Kentucky compared to 4.4 percent in the ABOUT THIS RESOURCE Cities United States. “You can't arrest your way out of the The statistics on drug abuse in City governments often absorb the drug problem.” Kentucky are grim and alarming, trickle-down social, criminal and but not surprising. fiscal consequences of drug abuse. This phrase is often repeated by law Emergency medical care services enforcement, city officials and state There were 61,413 drug and law enforcement costs are just leaders when discussing what tactics arrests made in 2010, part of the front line defense that according to the Kentucky should be used to address drug abuse. must address issues created by drug State Police annual report. But if incarceration is not the answer, abuse. what is? The National Survey on Drug Drug abuse has a high price tag for Use and Health found that The City Officials Guide to Addressing both the user and non-user. Kentucky was one of the top Drug Abuse in Kentucky Communities 10 states for rates in several The National Center on Addiction was created to help city officials drug-use categories among and Substance Abuse (CASA) at understand the scope of the problem and persons age 12 and older: past- Columbia University released a navigate available resources. Please year non-medical use of pain 2009 study that reported the total take this guide back to your community relievers; past-month use of amount spent by federal, state and and share with other city officials and illicit drugs other than local governments on substance community partners. marijuana; and illicit drug abuse and addiction was at least dependence. $467.7 billion: $238.2 billion, For more information, contact Sarah federal; $135.8 billion, state; and Razor at the Kentucky League of Cities at One in five Kentucky teens has $93.8 billion, local. Nationally, 8.9 abused prescription drugs, 1-800-876-4552 or [email protected]. percent of total local expenditures and Kentucky loses 82 people are related specifically to substance a month to drug overdose abuse and addiction, including resources to obtain another high. deaths, according to the public safety, justice, education and Additionally, anecdotal evidence Kentucky Office of Drug health programs. indicates that some Kentucky Policy Control. employers are having difficulties According to the Kentucky The Courier-Journal reported finding employees who can pass a Institute of Medicine's 2007 Health that Kentucky drug addiction drug test. of Kentucky study, "drug abuse has deaths have risen to 1,000 become a major health risk factor "You can have all the tools and deaths per year, more than in Kentucky, in terms of the health resources available for industry, but double the drug death cost to both the user and the state." you can't have your head in the overdose rate a decade ago. Loss of productivity, healthcare sand. People are aware of drug Deaths from prescription drug costs and drug-related crime related problems, but they don't abuse rose from 403 in 2000, to drug abuse costs ranges from understand how deep it goes," said to 978 in 2009. $2.5 to $3.6 billion annually Todd Denham, executive director The 2007 Youth Risk Behavior according to the Kentucky Office of the Winchester & Clark County Survey findings suggest that of Drug Control Policy. Industrial Development Authority. "It is simple, really. The more Kentucky adolescents are at a Drug abuse affects businesses highly skilled, educated and drug- significantly higher risk of through absenteeism, lost free people in your community, the being offered, sold or given an productivity, and increased use of better the economic environment. illegal drug by someone on medical and insurance benefits by That translates to more jobs." school property as compared employees. Impairment can cause to other students in the United major on-the-job accidents and States (27 percent versus 22.3 businesses often endure the brunt percent). The prevalence of of theft from abusers seeking lifetime methamphetamine use

3 © Kentucky League of Cities, Inc. 2011 INTRODUCTION

What is the Role of City While environmental management Government in Addressing encompasses a spectrum of Prescription Drug Abuse a Growing Drug Abuse? programs and interventions from Problem in Kentucky Cities primary prevention to early By Doug Nelson, Somerset Police Chief (Acting) By Winchester Mayor Ed Burtner, Executive Board intervention and treatment, it Member of the Kentucky League of Cities City government has the unique stresses the prevention of high-risk role of both proactive and reactive behavior through changes to the It would be difficult to find a local elected responsibilities in addressing drug environment in which citizens official in Kentucky who doesn't recognize abuse. make decisions about violence and prescription drug abuse as a major problem in his or her own community. The facts are The proactive measure involves their alcohol and other drug use. staggering. According to the Kentucky Office both law enforcement and The reactive responsibility is of Drug Control Policy: community organizations to exercised through the law educate the public through various enforcement action as well as code The abuse of prescription pain relievers awareness programs. The goal of enforcement. These both address is now only second to marijuana. reducing drugs in our nation environmental concerns as well as From 2006 to 2008, 96 of Kentucky's cannot be done without the human factor. Code 120 counties saw an increase in the rate coordination or close cooperation enforcement can prevent of prescriptions dispensed for controlled between the public and private abandoned dwellings and unsafe substances. Of those 96 counties, 24 saw sector. The city should be involved structures that allow both drug a 20 percent increase. Two counties saw in a continued effort to help young sales and drug manufacturing to an increase of more than 45 percent. people pursue healthy, drug-free take place. Therefore, if locations Prescription drug-related offenses lifestyles. The city may do this for these events are reduced then increased more than 13 percent in 2008. through a comprehensive approach, the events will reduce. The Although the statistics are overwhelming, the more commonly referred to as concept of the control of the numbers do not even begin to scratch the environmental management. This environment being an issue is surface of the slew of social and economic concept involves an understanding similar to the theory introduced by problems caused by prescription drug abuse. of the role in public health and social scientists James Q. Wilson Theft, home invasions, robbery, increased acknowledges a broad array of and George L. Kelling, in an article violence, incarceration, expensive factors that influences individual titled "Broken Windows" which rehabilitation treatment, medical costs from health decisions, including the use appeared in the March 1982 edition and/or abuse of control substances. overdoses and drug-related injuries all of The Atlantic Monthly. Once an threaten the safety of citizens and affect the Environmental management seeks area is prone to drug sales and drug to bring about behavior change bottom line for taxpayers. Additionally, our dealers, it will spread to other areas, communities absorb the economic impact of through multiple channels, both thereby increasing the program. As abusers' time lost from work and increased promoting positive behaviors and such, law enforcement should seek demand on social welfare programs. Pill norms and discouraging high-risk to contain the problem, and then abuse affects every single citizen in my city - behaviors. It encompasses a range deal with individual issues that are certainly not just the abuser. of activities from environmental unique to that area. This twofold change that includes policy changes approach will first prevent the Is there a pill mill in your community? (at the campus and community growth of the problem, and then Suspected illegal activity at any healthcare levels) early intervention programs focus on the root cause of the facility should be reported to the Office of (aimed at students) awareness problem, which may be different Inspector General in the Cabinet for Health activities (aimed at groups known from one community to another. to be at a higher risk for engaging and Family Services. Such reports can trigger in problem behaviors), and health an investigation and often, the threat of, or actual inspection of pill mills causes operators protection programs (that aim to to move or shut down. Four regional offices minimize the harm incurred can provide you with a short complaint form through problem behaviors). that can be completed anonymously. For additional information, please visit: http://chfs.ky.gov/os/oig/dhcfscomplaintinfo.htm.

Forming Community "Drug enforcement takes place at Partnerships and the local level by city and county Collaborative Efforts law enforcement agencies and at CITY PERSPECTIVES the federal level by the DEA. Drug By Midway Councilmember Sharon Turner; Vice There is no one-fits-all approach to task forces help provide a regional Chair, Woodford Co. ASAP Board addressing drug abuse in approach to fill gaps," said Bill communities. Each city has unique It was around 2003, that I heard about the Mark, director of the Northern problems and circumstances, but Woodford Co. ASAP (Agency for Substance Kentucky Drug Strike Force, which collaboration among governmental Abuse Policy) Board. I applied through serves Boone, Campbell and agencies, nonprofit organizations, Midway City Council to be appointed as the Kenton counties. the faith-based community, parents representative from Midway to the Board. Having previously worked with organizations and grandparents, neighborhood Please see the enclosed map and that helped obtain statewide funding for safe associations, the school system and visit drug task forces in your Project Proms and Project Graduation, I felt other stakeholders is clearly an region. For more information, visit compelled to help make a difference in any essential part of the solution. http://odcp.ky.gov/enforcement/dr way I could. Fortunately, there are collaborative ugtaskforce.htm. program models available to help Woodford County ASAP works with a three- your city integrate efforts with pronged approach of prevention, treatment other stakeholders. Kentucky ASAP Program and enforcement in the area of substance The Kentucky Agency for abuse. Our goal is to reduce the abuse of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs in our Regional Drug Task Forces Substance Abuse Policy (KY-ASAP) was created in 2000 to develop a communities, including the abuse of Over the last 17 years, regional strategic plan to reduce the prescription drugs. A key concept of KY-ASAP drug task forces have emerged as an prevalence of alcohol, tobacco and is policy change. Local boards continually work within their respective communities and answer for growing drug problems other drug use among youth and governments to bring about these policy in local communities. Fourteen adult populations in Kentucky and changes. In fact, several Kentucky different drug task forces across the coordinate efforts among state and communities, many with the assistance of state help provide a regional and local agencies in the area of local KY-ASAP boards, have implemented holistic approach to law substance abuse prevention. KY- policy and ordinance changes. These changes enforcement issues related to drug ASAP adheres to the philosophy of can include Social Hosts, Mandatory Server crimes. Services provided by task a three-pronged approach of Training, Keg Registration and supported forces vary widely, but many help prevention, treatment and programs such as Project Graduation, Parents provide police supervision, enforcement in the area of who Host Lose the Most, Not in My House equipment, training, resources and substance abuse. Community Forum and working with our staff that could otherwise be Drug Court, just to mention a few. unobtainable by individual KY-ASAP has become a vital part governmental agencies. of substance abuse prevention, Many communities are starting to see the Additionally, this cooperation treatment and law enforcement effects that these abuses are causing - such as allows law enforcement agencies to efforts in many of Kentucky's increased crime and the economic impact of work together to identify, arrest, communities. Currently, 75 local being unable to offer employers a and prosecute key members of KY-ASAP boards cover 113 of the dependable workforce that can pass a drug illegal drug trafficking 120 counties in the test. KY-ASAP has become a vital part of organizations. Commonwealth. Sixteen of these substance abuse prevention, treatment and boards are regional and consist of law enforcement efforts in many of Kentucky's Drug task forces are funded from a two or more counties that have communities. Being involved with the WC variety of sources, including federal joined efforts to address substance ASAP Board has been one of the most grant money and allocations made abuse issues affecting their area. rewarding associations in my life. Here's through interlocal agreements. The local boards consist of hoping that if you have a local ASAP board, Task forces are also eligible for stakeholders in each county or you will take the time to attend a meeting receipt of assets forfeited under multi-county jurisdiction. During and see what they are accomplishing in your state law or federal law. FY 2011, local boards received area - if you make a difference in one $1,638,000 in funding to person's life it's been a great day!

5 © Kentucky League of Cities, Inc. 2011 COLLABORATION AND PARTNERSHIPS

implement their efforts to reduce the prevalence of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs in their communities. For more information on KY- ASAP boards in your area, please see the map on page 9 or visit http://odcp.ky.gov/kyasap.htm for a complete list. You can also contact Amy Andrews with the Kentucky Office of Drug Control Policy at 502-564-9564 or [email protected] for additional information. have attended the meetings. The newly formed Alliance has ______been well received by citizens and Owensboro Mayor's Alliance on the media. A recent editorial Substance Abuse stated, "…what the mayor has set in motion is a worthwhile effort After hearing about the success of that pairs government leadership the Mayor's Alliance in Lexington, with grassroots commitment in Owensboro Mayor Ron Payne hopes of curtailing the damage decided that the idea was worth substance abuse has on individual trying in his community. Officials families and the community as a from the Lexington Alliance whole." traveled the 200 miles between the cities to provide assistance as they Contact: launched their own community Beth Cecil coalition. Mayor's Office "We're doing a lot in this City of Owensboro community, some harder than [email protected] others, but this has no dissent. All 270-687-8561 of us realize how serious the problem is. To be a great city, we ______have to do something about it," Fayette County Mayor's Alliance said Mayor Payne in an interview on Substance Abuse with the local newspaper shortly after the Alliance was formed. Over the past 15 years, the Fayette County Mayor's Alliance on The Owensboro Mayor's Alliance Substance Abuse has done an was formed in May through a joint excellent job bringing together the city-county resolution to establish a key stakeholders to fight drug use government, community free of drug and in Lexington. Volunteers and along with parents, grandparents alcohol addiction. The partnership representatives from law and other activists serve on this between the city, county and other enforcement, Fayette County coalition. community organizations will Public Schools, higher education concentrate on treatment and "Effective community-based institutes, medical facilities, the prevention instead of incarceration. prevention really is about cross health department, Lexington- Representatives from local schools sector collaboration, from the Fayette Urban County systems, colleges and universities grassroots level all the way up to Government (LFUCG) and state top city and state officials," said

Sharon Tankersley, the Drug-Free Regional Prevention Centers Communities Project Coordinator Communicare Regional Prevention Center Kentucky's Regional Prevention for the Fayette County Mayor's 1311 N. Dixie Avenue, Bldg A, Elizabethtown, KY 42701 Centers (RPCs) can help Alliance on Substance Abuse. Kelly Harl individuals and groups develop [email protected] The organization focuses its efforts prevention programs that will on underage drinking, prescription encourage healthy choices about Seven Counties Services Regional Prevention Center drugs, marijuana and tobacco alcohol, tobacco and other drugs. 101 W. Muhammad Ali Blvd., Louisville, KY 40202 cessation and receives funding from The centers are set up to serve all Tamela Pumphrey multiple sources, including KY- counties in the state. RPCs are in [email protected] ASAP and federal funding from place to help build collaboration Drug-Free Communities program. and serve as a communications hub Northkey Regional Prevention Center between local ASAP boards, law 7075 Industrial Rd., Florence, KY 41042 The Alliance collaborates closely enforcement agencies, government Allyson Butler on prevention efforts with school agencies, faith-based groups, [email protected] personnel in Fayette County. volunteer community members and Information from the Kentucky Bluegrass Regional Prevention Center other stakeholders. Incentives for Prevention (KIP) 1351 Newtown Pike, Bldg. 3, Lexington, KY 40511 longitudinal study helps determine Prevention specialists at each center Donna Wiesenhahn how resources are allocated and provide education and training [email protected] what actions should be taken. The programs, information and Regional Prevention Center of Comprehend, Inc. KIP survey assesses the extent of consultation services. The centers 731 Kenton Station Road alcohol, drug and tobacco use can assist residents, city leaders and Maysville, KY 41056 among 11- to 18-year-olds other groups in coming together to Lauren Penrose throughout Kentucky to evaluate discuss their community's strengths [email protected] the impact of prevention efforts and needs and to develop a aimed at reducing substance use. comprehensive prevention plan. Pathways Regional Prevention Center Please call 866-213-8739 to be The Mayor's Alliance got its start 1212 Bath Ave, 9th Floor, Ashland, KY 41105-0790 connected with your RPC for from some small mini-grants and Amy Jeffers complete details. funding from LFUCG, and as the [email protected] organization grew, the title became Mountain Regional Prevention Center more honorary in nature. It is a 104 South Front Avenue, Prestonsburg, KY 41653 KY-ASAP Board governed by an Regional Prevention Centers Rachel Willoughby independent board of directors, Four Rivers Regional Prevention Center [email protected] although past and present mayoral 425 Broadway, Suite 202, Paducah, KY 42001 administrations have been KRCC Regional Prevention Center Michelle McDaniel supportive of the organization. 79 Little Grapevine Creek Rd., Hazard, KY 41701 [email protected] Donna Hardin "It's all about collaboration. We [email protected] wouldn't be nearly as strong Pennyroyal Regional Prevention Center 400 Hammond Plaza, Hopkinsville, KY 42240 without the support from the police Cumberland River Regional Prevention Center Linda Woods department and Lexington city 223 S. Cherry St., Pineville, KY 40977 [email protected] officials," said Tankersley. Virginia Asher River Valley Regional Prevention Center [email protected] Contact: 1100 Walnut St., Cigar Factory Complex, Owensboro, KY 42301 Adanta Regional Prevention Center Sharon Tankersley Gary Hall 259 Parkers Mill Road, Somerset, KY 42501 Fayette County Mayor's Alliance on Substance Abuse [email protected] Sherri Estes 859-225-3296 ext. 651 [email protected] [email protected] LifeSkills Regional Prevention Center drugfreefayette.com 380 Suwannee Trail, Bowling Green, KY 42012 Joy Ford [email protected]

7 © Kentucky League of Cities, Inc. 2011 COLLABORATION AND PARTNERSHIPS for more information. http://odcp.ky.gov/enforcement/drugtaskforce.htm Visit Visit Kentucky Drug Task Force Regions

9 © Kentucky League of Cities, Inc. 2011 LEGISLATIVE UPDATE

State Action to Address management facilities because of Drug Abuse Issues CITY ADVOCACY the significant negative impact that drug abuse is having on the quality Pain Clinic Oversight The Kentucky League of Cities serves as the of life in many Kentucky During the 2011 united voice for cities at the State Capitol. In communities. Kentucky General addition, KLC works with the National League of While the opinion carries no legal Assembly, Senator Cities to protect member interests at the federal authority and does not invalidate Higdon sponsored Senate level. You can review KLC's legislative priorities existing city ordinances, the Bill 47, a measure that at klc.org. opinion sheds light on how a court would have imposed regulation and KLC will continue to actively monitor any might handle a legal challenge to a state oversight of pain management legislation introduced impacting Kentucky's local ordinance attempting to facilities. Pain management criminal laws on the use, manufacturing or sale regulate pain clinics. The Attorney facilities would include any facility of illicit drugs, as well as any legislation affecting General stated that because state that advertises pain management the treatment and rehabilitation of users. law comprehensively addresses the services or employs a physician who practice of medicine and the is primarily engaged in the Although KLC is the "on the ground" presence for prescription of controlled treatment of pain by prescribing or cities in Frankfort, the best and most effective substances in state statutes and dispensing controlled substance advocates for city issues are city officials. Please regulations that local governments medications. talk to your legislators and members of Congress about drug abuse and other issues that are of were preempted from imposing any This measure would have required concern to your community. Use this guide as a additional regulations. In addition, pain management facilities to reference to help you explain how their vote will the opinion discussed the difficulty obtain a license for operation from affect your shared constituents. of labeling this type of business as a the Kentucky Cabinet for Health public nuisance in a local You can stay up-to-date on all legislative matters and Family Services and designate a ordinance. related to city government by signing up for physician who is responsible for KLC's Legislative Bulletins and Legislative Alerts. operation of the facility and These emails will keep you informed of any Pseudoephedrine Ban responsible for maintaining progress on this legislation and let you know licensure with the Cabinet. State lawmakers also when it is time to take action. considered legislation in "Florida and Ohio have already 2011 that would require a passed legislation like this, so we doctor's prescription for 15 know what we need to do to target The importance of such legislation drugs that contain only pill mills and not legitimate has become imminent after the pseudoephedrine, which can medical facilities. We have been Office of the Kentucky Attorney currently be purchased over the meeting with stakeholders during General issued an advisory opinion counter. After debate over limiting the interim and hope to have regarding the ability of city and access to popular medicines used to enough support to get this bill county governments to ban pain combat colds and allergies, a made into law early in the session clinics in their respective compromise was offered that would and get these pill mills out of our jurisdictions. The advisory opinion generally require prescriptions to communities," said Senator concluded that local units of buy the medications, but Higdon. government are prohibited from pharmacists also could dispense banning or otherwise regulating Although the bill died in them to those obviously suffering "pain clinics" and those ordinances committee, Senator Higdon has from colds and allergies. that attempt to do so "are beyond indicated that he plans to run a Ultimately, the legislation and the legitimate authority of a unit of similar measure again in the 2012 amendments offered died in local government." legislative session. The Kentucky session. It is very likely this bill will League of Cities will continue to Many city and county governments reappear in 2012. strongly support legislation have adopted or considered requiring state oversight of pain ordinances to either ban or management facilities. extensively regulate the pain

2011 Public Safety Prescription Drug Monitoring Accountability Act Currently 48 states and one What is KASPER? A historic justice reform territory have legislation The Kentucky All Schedule Prescription bill designed to decrease authorizing the creation the state's prison and operation of a Electronic Reporting (KASPER) was designed population, reduce prescription drug monitoring to help address prescription drug abuse by incarceration costs, reduce program (PDMP). In Kentucky, serving as a source of information for health crime and increase public safety will this system is commonly referred to care professionals and as an investigative affect drug issues at the local level. as KASPER, which stands for the tool for law enforcement officers. House Bill 463 provides Kentucky All Schedule Prescription Prescribers, pharmacists, law enforcement alternatives to incarceration for Electronic Reporting. Thirty-five officers, licensure boards, Medicaid/Medicare many low-risk, nonviolent states currently have a PDMP that members or providers, judges and probation offenders. A major goal of the is operational, meaning they are and parole officers can request KASPER legislation is to reduce the number collecting data from dispensers and reports, which can help identify patients who of inmates serving time for drug reporting information from the may be abusing prescription drugs. offenses by increased investment in database to authorized users. addiction treatment programs and All dispensers (such as pharmacies) in The Council of State Govern- community supervision. Some of Kentucky are required to report scheduled ments, in conjunction with federal the changes are immediate and prescriptions to the KASPER system within and state policymakers, state some of the changes are phasing in legislators, and other interested seven days of filling. However, participation over several years. stakeholders, has developed the to use KASPER data is voluntary. Only 30 HB 463 is estimated to save the Prescription Drug Monitoring percent of the eligible providers have a Commonwealth $422 million over Program Compact, which is a KASPER log in. This indicates that less than the next decade. The bill model compact that would allow all only a fraction of eligible prescribers review modernizes Kentucky drug laws by state PDMPs to communicate with the information on previously obtained reducing prison time for low-risk, one another, creating greater scheduled prescriptions before writing a new nonviolent drug offenders who uniformity, information sharing and scheduled prescription. Despite the possess small amounts of illegal cooperation across state lines. An availability of information, the low drugs. It then reinvests the savings interstate system would provide a participation from prescribers greatly limits from the reduced prison costs into more reliable and effective means the success of eliminating the practice of drug treatment opportunities for of ensuring that these medicines are doctor shopping. offenders who need help. The law properly distributed. Currently, also strengthens probation and information sharing across state parole laws by basing key decisions lines is being piloted in four states, monitor drugs dispensed only in on the risk posed by offenders and including Kentucky and Ohio. our state. Having the ability to improving supervision, and links report data from other states will "While KASPER provides an offenders to appropriate dramatically strengthen our ability effective tool for health care community resources. to monitor and detect abuse." providers and law enforcement For additional information on the officers in the fight against Congress would have to approve legislation, please visit klc.org to prescription drug abuse and the creation of the interstate download the 2011 Legislative diversion, interstate data sharing compact, and each state would have Update, which includes a detailed among prescription drug to adopt legislation to participate. summary of the legislation. The monitoring programs is needed to KLC is supportive of action Kentucky Association of Counties enhance the effectiveness of the requiring any medical providers has also prepared a webinar on HB programs as tools to improve public who can prescribe narcotics to 463 for local officials available at health and safety," said Health and participate in the KASPER system. kaco.org. Family Services Cabinet Secretary Additionally, KLC supports federal Janie Miller. "Prescription drug and state legislation to create an abuse is a public health epidemic interstate compact for prescription and it simply isn't enough to drug monitoring.

11 © Kentucky League of Cities, Inc. 2011 LEGISLATIVE UPDATE

Federal Legislative Update 2011 National Drug Control Strategy Pill Mills Getting Attention in CITY ADVOCACY Congress The Obama Administration Your city can pass resolutions to take official released the 2011 National Drug H.R. 1065, known as the "Pill Mill positions on issues and urge action from other Control Strategy to "serve as the Crackdown Act of 2011," was governmental agencies. Use the sample nation's blueprint for reducing introduced in Congress earlier this resolution included in the toolkit to show your drug use and its consequences." year by Florida Rep. Vern city's official position. This guide provides important Buchanan (R-13th) with bipartisan Resolutions can be used background information and policy support. The legislation toughens to send a message to strategy that puts emphasis on drug federal penalties for pill mill legislators and members prevention and early intervention operators by doubling the prison of Congress to encourage programs in healthcare settings. sentence for offenders from 10 to them to support your city D The Administration's latest version 20 years and tripling the fine from in addressing drug abuse issues. Once your of the Strategy emphasizes $1 million to $3 million. The city votes to pass the resolution, mail a copy to community-based drug prevention, measure also proposes using assets your elected leaders, along with a letter with integration of drug treatment into seized from drug violators to fund more details about how legislation or action the mainstream health care system, state drug monitoring databases, that you are encouraging would specifically innovations in the criminal justice enforce actions against pill mills, affect citizens in your community. system to break the cycle of drug and support drug treatment use and crime, and international Remember: City government is often the first programs. Additionally, it would partnerships to disrupt line of defense and legislators want to know reclassify hydrocodone transnational drug trafficking how citizens at home will be affected by their combination drugs (some of the organizations. For more vote. most addictive and dangerous drug information, please visit mixtures) to make them more www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/stra difficult to prescribe and obtain. tegy/. H.R. 1065 is cosponsored by Kentucky Rep. Hal Rogers (R-5th) and Rep. Brett Guthrie (R-2nd). Rep. Rogers said in a statement, "Congressman Buchanan's bill gets it absolutely right. More and more of my colleagues are joining the fight to put these unregulated pill mills out of business and the pushers behind bars… I believe this bill is another important and thoughtful step in our fight to end the scourge of prescription drug abuse." As of press time, the bill had been referred to both the House Committee on the Judiciary and the House Committee on Energy and Commerce. KLC will continue to monitor H.R. 1065 during the 112th Congress. You can track the status of all bills important to your city during session at www.klc.org.

Sample Drug Resolution

CITY OF [______]

IN SUPPORT OF FEDERAL LEGISLATION AND AN INTERSTATE COMPACT TO COMBAT PILL MILLS

WHEREAS, the Office of National Drug Control Policy states that prescription drugs account for the second most commonly abused category of drugs, behind marijuana and ahead of cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, and other drugs.

WHEREAS, prescription drug abuse poses a unique challenge because of the need to balance prevention, education, and enforcement, with the need for legitimate access to controlled substance prescription drugs.

WHEREAS, the term "pill mill" is used to describe a doctor, clinic or pharmacy that is prescribing or dispensing powerful narcotics inappropriately or for non-medical reasons.

WHEREAS, H.R. 1065, known as the "Pill Mill Crackdown Act of 2011," as introduced toughens federal penalties for pill mill operators by doubling the prison sentence for offenders from 10 to 20 years and tripling the fine from $1 million to $3 million.

WHEREAS, H.R. 1065 as introduced uses assets seized from drug violators to fund state drug monitoring databases, enforce actions against pill mills, and support drug treatment programs.

WHEREAS, H.R. 1065 as introduced reclassifies hydrocodone combination drugs (some of the most addictive and dangerous drug mixtures) to make them more difficult to prescribe and obtain.

WHEREAS, prescription monitoring programs (PMPs) are highly effective tools utilized by government officials for reducing prescription drug abuse and diversion. PMPs collect, monitor, and analyze electronically transmitted prescribing and dispensing data submitted by pharmacies and dispensing practitioners.

WHEREAS, currently 48 states and one territory have legislation authorizing the creation and operation of a PMP. Thirty-five states currently have a PMP that is operational, whereby they are collecting data from dispensers and reporting information from the database to authorized users.

WHEREAS, the ideal means for achieving greater uniformity, information sharing and cooperation across state lines does not yet exist.

WHEREAS, an interoperable system of information sharing among the various state monitoring programs is likely to be a far more reliable and effective means of ensuring that these medicines are properly distributed.

WHEREAS, the Council of State Governments, in conjunction with federal and state policymakers, state legislators, and other interested stakeholders, has developed the Prescription Monitoring Program Compact.

WHEREAS, congressional consent is required by Article I, Section 10 of the United States Constitution to create an interstate compact.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the United States Congress should support the passage of H.R. 1065, known as the "Pill Mill Crackdown Act of 2011," as introduced.

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the United States Congress and the Kentucky legislature should support the creation of an interstate compact to link prescription drug monitoring programs from state to state.

Approved by the City [Council/Commission] of the City of [______], [insert date]

13 © Kentucky League of Cities, Inc. 2011 CITY ACTION

How can I determine what I http://mhmr.ky.gov/ assessments can serve as a baseline can do to help my city dbh/sa_norms.asp for more for measuring change. Because address drug issues? information. drug abuse problems change with time, periodic assessments can Many community coalitions use a ensure that programs are meeting needs assessment and other How can my city assess the current community needs. research tools to gauge specific effectiveness of current drug abuse problems in a efforts? Visit the National Institute on community as well as determine Drug Abuse at drugabuse.gov for local attitudes and risk factors. To properly evaluate what actions more information on evaluation are working in your community and assessment. The Cabinet for Health and Family and what work is needed, it is Services Division of Behavioral important to understand the full Health has created a community scope of what is already being Community Outreach norms survey tool to help your city offered not only in your hometown, Programs collect data on attitudes and but in the region as well. perceptions regarding substance Youth Education Programs abuse. Community norms surveys Talking with your local Kentucky In 1983, the Drug Abuse can also shed light on the degree of Agency for Substance Abuse Policy Resistance Education (D.A.R.E.) awareness of the substance abuse (KY-ASAP) board and other began as a drug education program problem and to what extent they community partners can give you a that uses a curriculum designed to are willing to take action. In other better idea of what services and help young people resist the words, it will help reveal how ready programs currently exist in your pressures of substance abuse and the community is to deal with the community. See page 5 for more violence while developing decision problem. Community readiness is information on community making skills. The program focuses a vital element of prevention partnerships. on accurate information about planning. Many communities begin the substance abuse with the major Community norms significantly process with a review of current focal points being marijuana, influence the demand, availability programs to determine: tobacco and alcohol. The lessons deal with the consequences of and enforcement of laws, and they What programs are in place in abuse, building self-esteem, can either support or hinder the community? enforcement efforts to regulate providing ways to resist and abused substances. The Were strict scientific standards identify peer pressure, and Community Norms Toolbox can used to test the programs alternatives to drug use. enable communities to gather during their development? The curriculum is taught by highly reliable data on adult perceptions Do the programs match trained uniform law enforcement and attitudes concerning substance community needs? officers who are assigned to a abuse in order to gauge readiness classroom and have immediate for prevention strategies and policy Are the programs being credibility with the students. The changes that will reduce the carried out as designed? D.A.R.E. program addresses availability of alcohol, tobacco and drug/alcohol use and violence on a other drugs. What percentage of at-risk youth is being reached by the proactive approach rather than a City officials should contact their programs? reactive one. Regional Prevention Center (see “In an electronic age where page 7 for a directory) for assistance Another evaluation approach is to personal communication is administering a community norms track data over time on drug abuse dwindling, D.A.R.E. provides a survey. Additionally, the Regional among students in school, rates of personal contact with police for Prevention Center can share results truancy, school suspensions, drug youth, which for some is the only from any previously conducted abuse arrests and drug-related positive contact with law surveys in their area. Please visit emergency room admissions. Data from community drug abuse enforcement they will have,” said

Florence Police Officer Adam and crime. The program consists Argullin, the D.A.R.E instructor of three phases that last a total of at In 2008, 20.2 percent of Drug Court for his city. least one year and are followed by graduates were convicted of a new felony in aftercare. Drug Court staff and D.A.R.E. funding sources vary in the two years after they graduated, versus participants work together to each community. Often the a 57.3 percent felony conviction rate for develop individual program plans personnel and materials costs are a those who did not participate in Drug Court with specific responsibilities and shared expense among the city but were on probation for offenses similar goals with timetables. Plans police department, school system, to those committed by Drug Court include group, family and county government, court fees and participants. individual counseling; drug testing; parent-teacher associations. For education and vocational training; more information, please contact scheduled payments of restitution, Bruce Olin at [email protected] or Teen Academy child support and court fees; and 502-782-1777. health and community activities. When funding for Juvenile Drug Many communities also use the Participants report directly to their Courts was abolished, the Court- Life Skills Training (LST) program Drug Court judge, who rewards designated workers (Administrative for middle school students designed progress and sanctions noncompli- Office of the Courts employees to address a wide range of risk and ance. When participants who process juvenile complaints) in protective factors by teaching successfully complete the program, Boone County collaborated with general personal and social skills, charges may be dismissed through the Florence city police department along with drug resistance skills and diversion or conditional discharge to create the Teen Academy. The education. An elementary school may be granted through probation. Teen Academy is very low-cost version was recently developed, and program used to educate The program's funding comes from the LST booster program for high approximately 40 carefully selected state funds approved through the school students helps to retain the teens who had been in trouble with Kentucky General Assembly. gains of the middle school the law in the past year. The teens program. For more information, Adult Drug Court is proving to be meet in small groups for two hours visit www.lifeskillstraining.com. successful. Graduates are less likely a week over a four-week period to reoffend than individuals on with city police officers to learn probation who did not participate. about law enforcement, the dangers of drugs and driving under the Adult Drug Courts This translates into major savings for Kentucky taxpayers. For every influence, and other relevant topics. Kentucky Drug Court is $1 spent on Drug Court graduates, The purpose is to educate offenders administered through the the state saves $2.72 on what it and foster stronger community Administrative Office of the Courts would have spent on incarcerating relations with those who have the in Frankfort and oversees 55 adult these individuals. For every $1 potential to be positively redirected Drug Court programs that serve spent on Drug Court, $5.58 is before they offend again. 115 counties. The mission is to returned in savings from increased Contact Court-designated worker provide a court-supervised child support payments, a decrease Ann Coffman at treatment alternative that stops in domestic violence incidents and [email protected] or 1- illicit drug use and related criminal traffic accidents, and a reduction in 800-928-2350 for more activity and promotes a positive life the use of mental health services information. change through substance abuse and public assistance. education and treatment. Please contact Connie Neal, the Drug Court coordinates the efforts manager for Kentucky Drug Court Community Drug Disposals of the judiciary, prosecution, at 502-573-2350 or visit In October 2010, Congress defense bar, probation, law http://courts.ky.gov/stateprograms/ approved and the President signed enforcement, mental health, social Drug+Court/Adult+Drug+Court/ the Secure and Responsible Drug services and treatment communities for more information. to actively intervene and break the Disposal Act. It provides states and cycle of substance abuse, addiction local governments the authority to

collect expired, unused or In addition, some police For information about setting up a unneeded prescription drugs. The departments have collaborated with drug disposal day in your area and United States Department of health departments and other the National Prescription Drug Justice Drug Enforcement community organizations to create Take Back Day program, please Administration (DEA) reports that one-day drug disposal events in the visit a majority of abused prescription community in conjunction with http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/ drugs are obtained from family and DEA National Prescription Drug drug_disposal/takeback/ or contact friends, including the home Take Back Days. The Frankfort Martin Reed at 502-582-5905. medicine cabinet. Take-back Police recently hosted a similar programs and events can remove event where community members the availability of drugs that may be were asked to bring expired, abused. unneeded and unused prescriptions and over-the-counter medications Several city police departments to the Franklin County Health have placed permanent bins in the Department. Police collected common areas of police stations so almost 17,800 pills, tablets and that citizens have a place to dispose capsules. of unused prescription drugs safely.

This funding has allowed officers to Much like city governments, times are very spend more time on the streets of JUSTICE GRANTS tough at the state and federal level. Funding Kentucky fighting and preventing FACING MAJOR CUT for city governments to address drug-related crime through timesaving Two major sources of federal funding that law enforcement needs and prevention are technology, information-sharing systems and improved help cities address drug problems are facing being cut and eliminated in every program. elimination or severe cuts. At press time, the communications equipment. Please contact your members of the state Appropriations Committees in both the U.S. legislature and Congress to let them know what Please visit www.cops.usdoj.gov for House of Representatives and U.S. Senate these cuts could mean to your city. more information. passed bills cutting or eliminating the Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) Office and virtually all of its programs. The Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Byrne Justice Assistance Grants (Byrne JAG) Community Oriented Policing Assistance Formula Grant (JAG) and other grant programs are also likely to Services (COPS) receive drastic cuts or be eliminated. In 2004, Congress created the The Office of Community Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Unfortunately, these proposals to cut state and Oriented Policing Services (COPS) Assistance Formula Grant (JAG) to local government programs come at a time is a federal agency that works to streamline justice funding and grant when cities are already being forced to reduce public safety expenditures, including advance the practice of community administration. The funding is personnel. policing. COPS does its work designed to provide local principally by sharing information government law enforcement In a time of federal budget crisis, it is vitally and making grants to police agencies with the flexibility to important for cities to communicate the need departments around the United prioritize justice funds where they for public safety funding to Kentucky's States. According to the U.S. are needed most. congressional delegation. Department of Justice, COPS The U.S. Bureau of Justice grants have funded 1,424 additional Assistance awards grants for local police officers and sheriff deputies governments to improve the become even more intensified as to engage in community policing functioning of the criminal justice cities face other increasing expenses activities, including crime system and to enforce state and and the number of meth labs in prevention, in Kentucky. local laws that establish offenses Kentucky is skyrocketing. 310 local and state law related to controlled substances. The U.S. Drug Enforcement enforcement agencies in The Byrne Justice Assistance Grant Administration had previously Kentucky have directly (JAG) Program is a partnership provided resources through a benefited from funding made among federal, state and local federal grant that covered meth lab available through the COPS governments to create safer waste disposal. In a recent media Office. communities. Please visit report, the DEA estimated that $17,529,596 has been awarded http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/BJA/gran there will be more than 12,500 to add 182 school resources t/jag.html for more information. meth labs to clean up across the officers to improve safety for nation next year, at a cost of $26 students, teachers and million. Louisville Metro spent an administrators in primary and Funding Cut for Meth Cleanup, estimated $20,000 in local funds to secondary schools throughout Burden Shifted to Local pay a contractor to safely dispose of Kentucky. Governments the waste for 154 labs. More than 1,000 meth-lab incidents were $35,272,910 has been awarded Federal funding for methamphe- reported in Kentucky last year for crime-fighting tamine lab clean up has gradually alone, the third highest number in technologies. been cut over the last 10 years, the country. leaving a majority of the financial On average, Kentucky cities burden now on state and local have received $4 million a year governments. This shift has in COPS funding.

Drug Free Communities Grants Community coalitions that meet consist of stakeholders in each the eligibility requirements can county or multi-county jurisdiction. The Drug Free Communities apply during the open period for During FY 2011, local boards Support Program (DFC) is a funding. DFC grants are awarded received $1,638,000 to implement federal grant program that provides for five years with a maximum of 10 their efforts to reduce the funding to community-based years. Coalitions can ask for up to prevalence of tobacco, alcohol and coalitions that organize to prevent $125,000 per year and must other drugs in their communities. youth substance use. Since the provide at least a one-to-one match creation of DFC in 1997, the For more information on KY- (cash, in-kind, donations, but no program has funded nearly 2,000 ASAP funding opportunities, please federal funds) each year, with coalitions and currently mobilizes visit http://odcp.ky.gov/kyasap.htm increases in years eight through 10. nearly 9,000 community volunteers for a complete list. You can also across the country. The philosophy You can visit www.whitehouse.gov/ contact Amy Andrews with the behind the program is that local ondcp/Drug-Free-Communities- Kentucky Office of Drug Control drug problems require local Support-Program for more Policy at 502-564-9564 or solutions. Recent evaluation data information. [email protected] for additional indicate that where DFC dollars information. are invested, youth substance abuse is lower. Over the life of the DFC Kentucky Agency for Substance program, youth living in DFC Abuse Policy (KY-ASAP) communities have experienced reductions in alcohol, tobacco and Please see page 5 for more information. marijuana use. Currently, 75 local Kentucky The DFC program operates on a Agency for Substance Abuse Policy yearly grant cycle that starts with a (KY-ASAP) boards cover 113 of the request for applications (RFA) 120 counties in the posted in January of each year. Commonwealth. The local boards

Resources for City designed to help participants Governments: Recovery recover from substance abuse and Do you know what treatment Kentucky Centers rebuild their lives. Henderson's options are available in your WARM inpatient facility provides Thousands of Kentuckians community? 100 beds for women with various experience homelessness each year. substance addictions as well as the Citizens often look to city officials to find help Many of them are "chronically related problem of homelessness. for loved ones with drug abuse problems. It is homeless," meaning they remain important for all city officials to be aware of homeless for extended periods due "WARM has been a tremendous where to go to find treatment options in your to chemical dependency and other asset to our community," said community and the surrounding area so that special needs. While the Henderson Mayor Steve Austin. you are prepared to direct citizen and chronically homeless only represent "Their record of rehabilitation and advocacy groups to the right sources. a fraction of the homeless getting participants back into the population, they consume over 50 workforce has been outstanding. For a list of prevention and treatment percent of homeless resources. This is a fantastic resource for not programs in your area, please visit Recovery Kentucky was created to only our citizens, but those in the http://mhmr.ky.gov/providerdirectory/onlinep help Kentuckians recover from region and across the state." roviderdirectory.aspx to access the Online substance abuse, which often leads Provider Directory created by the Cabinet for Without a stable place to live and a Health and Family Services. to chronic homelessness. support system to help them You can also visit There are 10 Recovery Kentucky address their underlying problems, www.kentuckytreatmentcenters.com/ centers across the Commonwealth: most homeless people who also Campbellsville, Erlanger, Florence, suffer from substance abuse and For a national listing, please visit Harlan, Henderson, Hopkinsville, addiction bounce around among http://dasis3.samhsa.gov/Default.aspx for the Morehead, Owensboro, Paducah shelters, public hospitals, prisons, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services and Richmond. These centers psychiatric institutions and Administration (SAMSHA) treatment locator. provide housing and recovery detoxification centers. Recovery services for up to 1,000 Kentucky was designed to save Kentuckians simultaneously across Kentuckians tax dollars that would communities at each Recovery the state. These housing recovery have been spent on emergency Kentucky center location have also centers were designed to reduce the room visits and jail costs. contributed greatly in making these state's drug problem and resolve Recovery Kentucky is a joint effort centers a reality. some of the state's homelessness by the Department for Local issues. They help people recover For more information about Government (DLG), the from addiction and help them gain getting a Recovery Kentucky center Department of Corrections and control of their lives to reside in in your area, please contact Mike Kentucky Housing Corporation permanent housing. Townsend, Kentucky Housing (KHC). These agencies developed Corporation at 800-633-8896 or As supportive housing projects, a financial plan that has provided [email protected]. each center uses a recovery construction and operational program model that includes peer financing, including a $2.5 million support, daily living skills training, annual allocation of low income Narcotics Anonymous job responsibilities and challenges housing tax credits from KHC, to practice sober living. This type which will generate a total equity Narcotics Anonymous (NA) is well of supportive housing and recovery investment of approximately $20 established throughout much of program is proven to help people million for construction costs. North America, with nearly 400 who face the most complex Operational funding includes meetings in Kentucky. It is a challenges to live more stable, approximately $4 million from nonprofit of fellowship men and productive lives. DLG's Community Development women for whom drugs had Block Grant program and become a major problem that In Henderson, Women's Addiction approximately $3 million from the meets regularly to help each other Recovery Manor (WARM) is a Department of Corrections. The stay clean. Membership is open to Recovery Kentucky Center local governments and all drug addicts, regardless of the

particular drug or combination of treatment (petitioner) is obligated professionals, at least one whom is drugs used. One of the keys to to pay all costs incurred in the a physician, at least 24 hours prior NA's success is the therapeutic process as well as all cost of to the hearing. If the respondent value of addicts working with other treatment and must sign a guaranty does not voluntarily attend the addicts. Members share their of payment. Costs incurred can be evaluation before the hearing, the successes and challenges in extensive, something the petitioner court may issue a summons to the overcoming active addiction and should be aware of before signing respondent. The summons living drug-free, productive lives. the guaranty of payment. commands the respondent to appear at a time and place for NA does not accept financial Under Casey's Law, a person evaluation. The respondent must assistance, and all chapters are self- suffering from drug or alcohol be served with the summons before supporting. City officials can help abuse will not be ordered to any further action may take place. by offering the use of community undergo involuntary treatment If the respondent is avoiding service space. If your community does not unless that person presents an of the summons or the have an NA meeting and you feel imminent threat of danger to respondent's location is unknown, that you need one, please contact themselves, their family or others as the process halts until the NA World Services at 818-773- a result of alcohol or drug abuse, or respondent is located and the 9999 for additional information. there exists a substantial likelihood summons is served upon him or of such a threat of danger in the her. near future. Additionally, it must ______also be determined that the If the respondent has been served Casey's Law respondent can reasonably benefit with the summons and fails to By Kenton County Attorney Garry L. Edmondson from the treatment ordered. appear for the evaluation, the court may order the sheriff or other To seek intervention using Casey's Casey's Law is the common name police officer to transport the Law, one must petition the court. given to Kentucky Revised Statutes respondent to a facility for The petition is first filed in District 222.430 - 222.437 regarding the examination. These transportation Court by the petitioner (spouse, involuntary treatment for alcohol costs are also included in the cost of relative and/or friend). The and drug abuse. The law went into treatment, which the petitioner is petition includes the basis of how effect on July 13, 2004. It is named liable. the respondent is suffering from after Matthew "Casey" alcohol and/or drug abuse and how Once the respondent has been Wethington, a young man who the respondent presents a danger or evaluated, the court will have the suffered from a drug addiction and threat of danger to self, family or hearing to determine if involuntary died of a heroin overdose at the age others if not treated. Upon receipt treatment is proper. If upon of 23. of the petition, the court reviews completion of the hearing the court Casey's Law provides a means of the allegations in the petition and finds that the respondent should intervention with someone who is examines the petitioner under oath. undergo treatment, the court shall unable to recognize his or her The court then determines whether order treatment from 60 days up to needs for treatment due to their there is probable cause to believe 360 days, dependent upon the addiction. Casey's Law allows that the respondent should be request in the petition and the parents, relatives and/or friends to ordered to undergo involuntary result of the hearing. Failure of petition the court for treatment on treatment. If probable cause is respondent to undergo treatment as behalf of the person who is abusing established, the court orders the ordered by the court may place the alcohol and/or drugs (respondent). respondent to be evaluated and a respondent in contempt of court. The treatment options available hearing to determine if involuntary A copy of the petition may be under the law can vary depending treatment is proper is set within 14 located online at www.kycourts.net. on circumstances of each individual days. case and can range from The respondent is then notified of detoxification to intensive the date and purpose of the treatment through recovery. The hearing. The respondent must be person seeking the involuntary evaluated by two qualified health

Applying Prevention Principles to Drug Abuse Kentucky Drug Courts Prevention Programs http://courts.ky.gov/stateprograms/Drug+Court/Adult+ http://www.drugabuse.gov/Prevention/applying.html Drug+Court/

Cabinet for Health and Family Services Online Kentucky Drug Task Forces Provider Directory http://odcp.ky.gov/enforcement/drugtaskforce.htm http://mhmr.ky.gov/providerdirectory/onlineproviderdi rectory.aspx Kentucky Office of Drug Control Policy http://www.odcp.ky.gov Cabinet for Health and Family Services Community Norms Toolbox Kentucky Treatment Centers http://mhmr.ky.gov/dbh/sa_norms.asp http://www.kentuckytreatmentcenters.com/

COPS Office: Grants and Resources for Life Skills Training Community Policing http://www.lifeskillstraining.com/ http://www.cops.usdoj.gov/ National Institute on Drug Abuse Drug Free Communities Support Program http://www.nida.nih.gov http://www.whitehouse.gov/ondcp/Drug-Free- Communities-Support-Program National Prescription Drug Take Back Day http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_disposal/takeb Drug Free Fayette County ack/ http://drugfreefayette.com/ Office of National Drug Control Policy Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance http://www.whitehouse.gov/ondcp Formula Grant (JAG) http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/BJA/grant/jag.html Planning for Drug Abuse Prevention in the Community Examples of Research-Based Drug Abuse http://www.drugabuse.gov/Prevention/planning.html Prevention Programs http://www.drugabuse.gov/Prevention/examples.html Preventing Drug Abuse among Children and Adolescents Kentucky Agency for Substance Abuse Policy (KY- http://www.drugabuse.gov/Prevention/Prevopen.html ASAP ) http://odcp.ky.gov/kyasap.htm Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA) Kentucky Association of Counties HB463 webinar http://www.samhsa.gov/ http://kaco.org/legislative-services/hb463-webinar.aspx SAMSHA treatment locator Kentucky Cabinet for Health and Family Services http://dasis3.samhsa.gov/Default.aspx http://mhmr.ky.gov

The "City Officials Guide to Addressing Drug Abuse in Kentucky Communities" was created from a directive by the Kentucky League of Cities Board of Directors, who recognized that city officials across the state needed more information about the funding and resources available to help address drug issues in their hometowns. KLC would like to thank the city officials, state officials, law enforcement personnel and prevention and treatment experts who served on a focus group and otherwise provided their expertise to help in the development of this publication.

Amy Andrews Gary W. Hall Connie Neal Kentucky Office of Drug Control Policy Senior Director, River Valley Behavioral Health Kentucky Drug Court Manager, Office of the Regional Prevention Center, Owensboro Administrative Courts Officer Adam Argullin D.A.R.E. Instructor, City of Florence Chief of Police Wayne Hedgespeth The Honorable Bill Paxton Police Department, City of Greensburg Mayor, City of Paducah Linda M. Asher UK Office of Health Research & Development The Honorable Jimmy Higdon Major Doug Nelson Senator, Kentucky State Senate Police Chief, City of Somerset Kevin Atkins Chief Development Officer, Lexington-Fayette Urban David R. Hopkins The Honorable Ron Payne County Government KASPER (Kentucky All Schedule Prescription Electronic Mayor, City of Owensboro Reporting) Program Manager, Office of Inspector The Honorable Steve Austin General in the Kentucky Cabinet for Health and Family The Honorable Harold (Hal) Rogers Mayor, City of Henderson Services Representative, U.S. House of Representatives

The Honorable Ed Burtner Van Ingram Connie R. Smith Mayor, City of Winchester Executive Director, Kentucky Office of Drug Control SA Prevention Branch Manager, Department for Policy Behavioral Health, Developmental and Intellectual Bill Ed Cannon Disabilities, Kentucky Cabinet for Health and Family City Manager, City of Corbin Sergeant Chad Irwin Services Police Department, City of Florence Beth Cecil Janna Smith Secretary to Mayor, City of Owensboro Debbie Zuerner Johnson Coordinator, Clark County Agency for Substance Abuse Community Outreach Manager, Owensboro Medical Policy Ann Coffman Health System Court Designated Worker, Boone/Gallatin Counties, The Honorable Roger Stacey Juvenile Services, Administrative Office of the Courts Karen Kelly Commissioner, City of Owensboro President/CEO, Operation UNITE Todd Denham Sharon Tankersley Executive Director, Winchester/Clark Co. Industrial M.E. Kobes Drug-Free Communities Project Coordinator, Fayette Authority Certified Prevention Specialist, Bluegrass Prevention County Mayor's Alliance on Substance Abuse Center Garry L. Edmonson The Honorable Sharon Turner Kenton County Attorney Lieutenant Joe Maier Councilmember, City of Midway Police Department, City of Florence Eric Friedlander Mike Townsend Deputy Secretary, Kentucky Cabinet for Health and Bill Mark Kentucky Housing Corporation Family Services Director, Northern Kentucky Drug Strike Force Heather K. Wainscott The Honorable Jim Gray The Honorable A. Scott Marshall Branch Manager, Kentucky Office of Drug Control Mayor, Lexington-Fayette Urban County Government Mayor, City of Guthrie Policy

Officer Michael R. Grigsby Dale Morton Police Department, City of Somerset Communications Director, Operation UNITE

23 © Kentucky League of Cities, Inc. 2011 www.klc.org 100 East Vine Street, Suite 800, Lexington, Kentucky 40507 Tel. 859.977.3700 or 800.876.4552 Fax 859.977.3703