DOCSLIB.ORG

Tick-Borne Diseases Dutchess County, New York Geographic Distribution of Tick-Borne Disease in the United States

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tick-Borne Diseases Dutchess County, New York Geographic Distribution of Tick-Borne Disease in the United States Tick-Borne Diseases Dutchess County, New York Geographic distribution of tick-borne disease in the United States Overview Tick-borne disease in Dutchess County, NY Recently recognized tick-borne diseases Infectious Tick-borne Diseases in the United States Endemic to Dutchess County, NY Endemic in other parts of the USA • Lyme disease (borreliosis) • Colorado tick fever • Anaplasmosis • Southern tick-associated rash • Babesiosis illness (STARI) • Ehrlichiosis • Tickborne relapsing fever • Powassan disease • Rickettsia parkeri rickettsiosis • Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever • 364D rickettsiosis • Tularemia • Heartland virus • Borrelia miyamotoi * • Borrelia mayonii Reference: http://www.cdc.gov/ticks/diseases/index.html Tick Paralysis Non-infectious Tick-Borne Syndrome Tick Paralysis The illness is caused by a neurotoxin produced in the tick's salivary gland. After prolonged attachment, the engorged tick transmits the toxin to its host Tick Paralysis Symptoms 2- 7 days after attachment Acute, ascending flaccid paralysis that is confused with other neurologic disorders The condition can worsen to respiratory failure and death in about (10%) of the cases Pathogenesis of Tick Paralysis Tick paralysis is chemically induced by the tick and therefore usually only continues in its presence. Once the tick is removed, symptoms usually diminish rapidly. However, in some cases, profound paralysis can develop and even become fatal before anyone becomes aware of a tick's presence Only 2 Human Cases Reported in Dutchess County Since 1995 Ticks that cause tick paralysis are found in almost every region of the world. In the United States, most reported cases have occurred in the Rocky Mountain states, the Pacific Northwest and parts of the South. The five North American species of ticks thought to cause tick paralysis are widely distributed throughout the United States; therefore, the potential for contact with such ticks exists in every state Ticks that Transmit Disease in Dutchess County, NY Tick Female Male Geographic Possible Pathogens Distribution they carry Black-legged Tick Lyme disease Anaplasmosis nickname: Deer Tick Babesiosis Ixodes scapularis Borrelia miyamotoi Powassan disease (Deer tick virus) Tick paralysis American Dog Tick Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Dermacentor variabilis Tularemia Tick Paralysis Lone Star Tick Ehrlichiosis Amblyomma STARI Tularemia americanum Heartland virus? Tick paralysis Woodchuck Tick Powassan disease* Ixodes cookei *I. cookei carries POW virus, but rarely bites humans Asian Longhorn Tick A New Tick-Borne Disease Threat? • Not normally found in the Western Hemisphere, these ticks were reported for the first time in the United States in 2017. • Asian longhorned ticks have been found on pets, livestock, wildlife, and people. • The female ticks can lay eggs and reproduce without mating. • Up to thousands of ticks may be found at a time, or on an Asian Longhorned Tick animal. What You Need To Know Where have they been found? The species was not known to be present on the mainland United States until November 9, 2017, when it was first discovered on a sheep farm in Hunterdon County, New Jersey Threats to Livestock The longhorned tick can transmit an animal disease called theileriosis to cattle, which can cause considerable blood loss and occasional death of calves, but mainly is important to dairy farmers because of decreased milk production and sheep farmers because of decreased wool quantity and quality Diseases in Humans • It has been associated with - Russian spring-summer encephalitis - Powassan virus - Khasan virus - Tick-borne encephalitis virus - Japanese spotted fever - Severe fever/thrombocytopenia syndrome. • Human diseases such as Lyme spirochetes, spotted fever group rickettsiae, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, and Anaplasma bovis have been detected in H. longicornis. Can this tick transmit pathogens to humans Human pathogens have not so far been detected in the long- horned tick in the US Established Tick- Borne Diseases Lyme disease Lyme Disease Surveillance Data Lyme disease has been a nationally notifiable condition in the United States since 1991. Reports of Lyme disease are collected and verified by state and local health departments in accordance with their legal mandate and surveillance practices. 1.Under-reporting and misclassification are features common to all surveillance systems. Not every case of Lyme disease is reported to CDC, and some cases that are reported may be due to another cause. Under-reporting is more likely to occur in highly endemic areas, whereas over-reporting is more likely to occur in non-endemic areas. Limitations to 2.Surveillance data are subject to each state’s abilities to capture and classify cases, which are dependent upon budget and personnel and varies not only between states, but also from year to year within a given state. Consequently, a sudden or Lyme Disease marked change in reported cases does not necessarily represent a true change in disease incidence, and should not be construed as such without knowledge of that Surveillance state’s historical surveillance practices. 3.Surveillance data are captured by county of residence, not county of exposure. 4.States may close their annual surveillance dataset at a different time than CDC. Thus, the final case counts published by CDC may not exactly match numbers published by each state agency for a given year. 5.Following its implementation in 1991, the national surveillance case definition for Lyme disease was modified in 1996, 2008, 2011, and again in 2017. Changes were generally minor but may have had some impact on surveillance and must be considered when attempting to interpret trends. Case definitions for each period are available. Clinical Manifestations of Confirmed Lyme Disease Cases-- United States, 2008 to 2017 The Surveillance Burden on Public Health Lyme disease Each year, approximately 30,000 cases of Lyme disease are reported to CDC by state health departments and the District of Columbia. However, this number does not reflect every case of Lyme disease that is diagnosed in the United States every year. Standard national surveillance is only one way that public health officials can track where a disease is occurring and with what frequency. Recent estimates using other methods suggest that approximately 300,000 people may get Lyme disease each year in the United States. Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Lyme Disease Statistics Reported Cases of Lyme Disease by Year, United States, 1995-2017 Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Lyme Disease Statistics Lyme disease cases by age and sex--United States, 2001- 2017 Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Lyme Disease Statistics Estimated incidence of Lyme Disease NYS & Dutchess County, NY 2010-2017 Lyme Disease Rates in Dutchess County & NYS excluding NYC 250 There were an 200 estimated 581 cases of Lyme disease in 150 Dutchess County in 2017. 100 Rate per Rate 100,000 50 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Dutchess County NYS excluding NYC Note: In 2009, Dutchess County became a sentinel surveillance county; annual numbers are estimated by the New York State Department of Health. Data Source: New York State Department of Health Communicable Disease Registry Annual Lyme Disease Rates 400 Lyme Disease 350 in 300 The Hudson 250 200 Valley Region 150 Rate per 100,000 residents Rate 100 50 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Dutchess Orange Putnam Rockland Sullivan Ulster Westchester NYS excluding NYC Early Signs and Symptoms (3 to 30 days after tick bite) •Fever, chills, headache, fatigue, muscle and joint aches, and swollen lymph nodes •Erythema migrans (EM) rash: • Occurs in approximately 70 to 80 percent of infected persons • Begins at the site of a tick bite after a delay of 3 to 30 days (average is about 7 days) • Expands gradually over a period of days reaching up to 12 inches or more (30 cm) across • May feel warm to the touch but is rarely itchy or painful • Sometimes clears as it enlarges, resulting in a target or “bull’s-eye” appearance • May appear on any area of the body •Severe headaches and neck stiffness •Additional EM rashes on other areas of the body •Arthritis with severe joint pain and swelling, particularly the knees and other large joints. •Facial palsy (loss of muscle tone or droop on one or both sides of the face) •Intermittent pain in tendons, muscles, joints, Later Signs and and bones •Heart palpitations or an irregular heart beat (Lyme carditis) Symptoms (days to •Episodes of dizziness or shortness of breath •Inflammation of the brain and spinal cord months after tick bite) •Nerve pain •Shooting pains, numbness, or tingling in the hands or feet •Problems with short-term memory Anaplasmosis & Ehrlichiosis Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis Causative Agent Anaplasma phagocytophilum Ehrlichia chaffeensis and ewingii and muris-like Incubation Period 1-30 days (average 7-14 days) 1-30 days (average 7-14 days) Classic Fever, Headache, Constitutional Symptoms, Fever, Headache, Constitutional Symptoms, Symptoms GI symptoms, Cough, GI Symptoms, Conjunctival injection, Rash is rare with anaplasmosis Rash (60% children, 30% adults) Risk Factors Increased incidence as age increases Increased incidence as age increases Outcomes Case Fatality rate <1% Case Fatality Rate of 1.8% CBC & Chemistry Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia Leukopenia Leukopenia Elevated Liver Enzymes Elevated Liver Enzymes Treatment Doxycycline Doxycycline Lab Detection of Anaplasmosis and Ehrlichiosis
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Vectorborne Zoonoses: Break-Out Session Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity Workshop – Oct
    Texas Department of State Health Services Vectorborne Zoonoses: Break-out Session Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity Workshop – Oct. 2018 DSHS Zoonosis Control Branch Session Topics Texas Department of State Health Services • NEDSS case investigation tips • Lyme disease • Rickettsial diseases • Arboviral diseases ELC 2018 - Vectorborne Diseases 2 Texas Department of State Health Services Don’t be a Reject! Helpful tips to keep your notification from being rejected ELC breakout session October 3, 2018 Kamesha Owens, MPH Zoonosis Control Branch Texas Department of State Health Services Objectives • Rejection Criteria • How to document in NBS (NEDSS) • How to Report Texas Department of State Health Services 10/3/2018 ELC 2018 - Vectorborne Diseases 4 Rejection Criteria Texas Department of State Health Services Missing/incorrect information: • Incorrect case status or condition selected • Full Name • Date of Birth • Address • County • Missing laboratory data 10/3/2018 ELC 2018 - Vectorborne Diseases 5 Rejection Criteria continued Texas Department of State Health Services • Inconsistent information • e.g. Report date is a week before onset date • Case investigation form not received by ZCB within 14 days of notification • ZCB recommends that notification not be created until the case is closed and the investigation form has been submitted 10/3/2018 ELC 2018 - Vectorborne Diseases 6 Rejection Criteria continued Texas Department of State Health Services • Condition-specific information necessary to report the case is missing: • Travel history for Zika and other non-endemic conditions • Evidence of neurological disease for WNND case • Supporting documentation for Lyme disease case determination 10/3/2018 ELC 2018 - Vectorborne Diseases 7 How to Document in NBS (NEDSS) Do Don’t Add detailed comments in designated Leave us guessing! comments box under case info tab.
    [Show full text]
  • Heartland and Bourbon Virus Testing Guideance for Healthcare Providers
    Heartland and Bourbon Virus Testing Guidance for Healthcare Providers Heartland virus is an RNA virus believed to be transmitted by the Lone Star tick (Amblyomma americanum). Most patients reported tick exposure in the two weeks prior to illness onset. While no cases have been reported in Louisiana, this tick is found in Louisiana. First discovered as a cause of human illness in 2009 in Missouri, more than 40 cases have been reported from states in Midwestern and southern U.S. to date. Initial symptoms of Heartland virus disease are very similar to those of ehrlichiosis or anaplasmosis, which include fever, fatigue, anorexia, nausea and diarrhea. Cases have also had leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and mild to moderate elevation of liver transaminases. Heartland virus disease should be considered in patients being treated for ehrlichiosis who do not respond to treatment with doxycycline. For several years, CDC has been working under IRB-approved protocols to identify additional cases and validate diagnostic test for several novel pathogens. Now the CDC Arboviral Diseases Branch offers routine diagnostic testing for Heartland and Bourbon viruses (RT-PCR, IgM and IgG MIA, PRNT). There is no commercial testing available. Treatment of Heartland virus disease is supportive only. Many patients diagnosed with the disease have required hospitalization. With supportive care, most people have fully recovered; however, a few older individuals with medical comorbidities have died. The best way to prevent Heartland virus infection is to avoid exposure
    [Show full text]
  • Tick-Borne Diseases in Maine a Physician’S Reference Manual Deer Tick Dog Tick Lonestar Tick (CDC Photo)
    tick-borne diseases in Maine A Physician’s Reference Manual Deer Tick Dog Tick Lonestar Tick (CDC PHOTO) Nymph Nymph Nymph Adult Male Adult Male Adult Male Adult Female Adult Female Adult Female images not to scale know your ticks Ticks are generally found in brushy or wooded areas, near the DEER TICK DOG TICK LONESTAR TICK Ixodes scapularis Dermacentor variabilis Amblyomma americanum ground; they cannot jump or fly. Ticks are attracted to a variety (also called blacklegged tick) (also called wood tick) of host factors including body heat and carbon dioxide. They will Diseases Diseases Diseases transfer to a potential host when one brushes directly against Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted Ehrlichiosis anaplasmosis, babesiosis fever and tularemia them and then seek a site for attachment. What bites What bites What bites Nymph and adult females Nymph and adult females Adult females When When When April through September in Anytime temperatures are April through August New England, year-round in above freezing, greatest Southern U.S. Coloring risk is spring through fall Adult females have a dark Coloring Coloring brown body with whitish Adult females have a brown Adult females have a markings on its hood body with a white spot on reddish-brown tear shaped the hood Size: body with dark brown hood Unfed Adults: Size: Size: Watermelon seed Nymphs: Poppy seed Nymphs: Poppy seed Unfed Adults: Sesame seed Unfed Adults: Sesame seed suMMer fever algorithM ALGORITHM FOR DIFFERENTIATING TICK-BORNE DISEASES IN MAINE Patient resides, works, or recreates in an area likely to have ticks and is exhibiting fever, This algorithm is intended for use as a general guide when pursuing a diagnosis.
    [Show full text]
  • Antigen Detection Assay for the Diagnosis of Melioidosis
    PI: Title: Antigen Detection assay for the Diagnosis of Melioidosis Received: 12/05/2013 FOA: PA10-124 Council: 05/2014 Competition ID: ADOBE-FORMS-B1 FOA Title: NIAID ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY STTR (NIAID-AT-STTR [R41/R42]) 2 R42 AI102482-03 Dual: Accession Number: 3650491 IPF: 3966401 Organization: INBIOS INTERNATIONAL, INC. Former Number: Department: IRG/SRG: ZRG1 IDM-V (12)B AIDS: N Expedited: N Subtotal Direct Costs Animals: N New Investigator: N (excludes consortium F&A) Humans: Y Early Stage Investigator: N Year 3: Clinical Trial: N Year 4: Current HS Code: E4 Year 5: HESC: N Senior/Key Personnel: Organization: Role Category: Always follow your funding opportunity's instructions for application format. Although this application demonstrates good grantsmanship, time has passed since the grantee applied. The sample may not reflect the latest format or rules. NIAID posts new samples periodically: https://www.niaid.nih.gov/grants-contracts/sample-applications The text of the application is copyrighted. You may use it only for nonprofit educational purposes provided the document remains unchanged and the PI, the grantee organization, and NIAID are credited. Note on Section 508 conformance and accessibility: We have reformatted these samples to improve accessibility for people with disabilities and users of assistive technology. If you have trouble accessing the content, please contact the NIAID Office of Knowledge and Educational Resources at [email protected]. Additions for Review Accepted Publication Accepted manuscript news Post-submission supplemental material. Information about manuscript accepted for publication. OMB Number: 4040-0001 Expiration Date: 06/30/2011 APPLICATION FOR FEDERAL ASSISTANCE 3. DATE RECEIVED BY STATE State Application Identifier SF 424 (R&R) 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Positive Rates of Anti-Acari-Borne Disease Antibodies of Rural Inhabitants in Japan
    NOTE Public Health Positive rates of anti-acari-borne disease antibodies of rural inhabitants in Japan Tsutomu TAKEDA1)*, Hiromi FUJITA2), Masumi IWASAKI3), Moe KASAI3), Nanako TATORI4), Tomohiko ENDO5), Yuuji KODERA1,5) and Naoto YAMABATA6) 1)Wildlife Section, Center for Weed and Wildlife Management, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine, Utsunomiya-shi, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan 2)Mahara Institute of Medical Acarology, 56-3 Aratano, Anan-shi, Tokushima 779-1510, Japan 3)Nikko Yumoto Visitor Center, National Parks Foundation Nikko Branch, Yumoto, Nikko-shi, Tochigi 321-1662, Japan 4)Department of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine, Utsunomiya-shi, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan 5)United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan 6)Institute of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Hyogo, Sawano 940, Aogaki-cho, Tanba, Hyogo 669-3842, Japan J. Vet. Med. Sci. ABSTRACT. An assessment of acari (tick and mite) borne diseases was required to support 81(5): 758–763, 2019 development of risk management strategies in rural areas. To achieve this objective, blood samples were mainly collected from rural residents participating in hunting events. Out of 1,152 doi: 10.1292/jvms.18-0572 blood samples, 93 were positive against acari-borne pathogens from 12 prefectures in Japan. Urban areas had a lower rate of positive antibodies, whereas mountainous farming areas had a higher positive antibody prevalence. Residents of mountain areas were bitten by ticks or mites Received: 25 September 2018 significantly more often than urban residents. Resident of mountain areas, including hunters, may Accepted: 9 March 2019 necessary to be educated for prevention of akari-borne infectious diseases.
    [Show full text]
  • Tick-Borne Disease Working Group 2020 Report to Congress
    2nd Report Supported by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services • Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health Tick-Borne Disease Working Group 2020 Report to Congress Information and opinions in this report do not necessarily reflect the opinions of each member of the Working Group, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, or any other component of the Federal government. Table of Contents Executive Summary . .1 Chapter 4: Clinical Manifestations, Appendices . 114 Diagnosis, and Diagnostics . 28 Chapter 1: Background . 4 Appendix A. Tick-Borne Disease Congressional Action ................. 8 Chapter 5: Causes, Pathogenesis, Working Group .....................114 and Pathophysiology . 44 The Tick-Borne Disease Working Group . 8 Appendix B. Tick-Borne Disease Working Chapter 6: Treatment . 51 Group Subcommittees ...............117 Second Report: Focus and Structure . 8 Chapter 7: Clinician and Public Appendix C. Acronyms and Abbreviations 126 Chapter 2: Methods of the Education, Patient Access Working Group . .10 to Care . 59 Appendix D. 21st Century Cures Act ...128 Topic Development Briefs ............ 10 Chapter 8: Epidemiology and Appendix E. Working Group Charter. .131 Surveillance . 84 Subcommittees ..................... 10 Chapter 9: Federal Inventory . 93 Appendix F. Federal Inventory Survey . 136 Federal Inventory ....................11 Chapter 10: Public Input . 98 Appendix G. References .............149 Minority Responses ................. 13 Chapter 11: Looking Forward . .103 Chapter 3: Tick Biology, Conclusion . 112 Ecology, and Control . .14 Contributions U.S. Department of Health and Human Services James J. Berger, MS, MT(ASCP), SBB B. Kaye Hayes, MPA Working Group Members David Hughes Walker, MD (Co-Chair) Adalbeto Pérez de León, DVM, MS, PhD Leigh Ann Soltysiak, MS (Co-Chair) Kevin R.
    [Show full text]
  • ADV Heartland and Bourbon Virus Testing Guidance in Pennsylvania
    PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 201 8– PAHAN –418 –07-27- ADV Heartland and Bourbon Virus Testing Guidance in Pennsylvania DATE: July 27, 2018 TO:DATE: Health Alert Network FROM: Rachel Levine, MD, Secretary of Health SUBJECT: Heartland and Bourbon Virus Testing Guidance DISTRIBUTION: Statewide LOCATION: Statewide STREET ADDRESS: n/a COUNTY: n/a MUNICIPALITY: n/a ZIP CODE: n/a This transmission is a “Health Advisory” provides important information for a specific incident or situation; may not require immediate action. HOSPITALS : PLEASE SHARE WITH ALL MEDICAL, PEDIATRIC, INFECTION CONTROL, NURSING AND LABORATORY STAFF IN YOUR HOSPITAL; EMS COUNCILS: PLEASE DISTRIBUTE AS APPROPRIATE; FQHCs: PLEASE DISTRIBUTE AS APPROPRIATE LOCAL HEALTH JURISDICTIONS: PLEASE DISTRIBUTE AS APPROPRIATE; PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS: PLEASE DISTRIBUTE TO YOUR MEMBERSHIP Summary • CDC Arboviral Diseases Branch will now offer routine diagnostic testing for Heartland and Bourbon viruses (transmitted by the Lone Star tick). • To submit samples for testing, send to PADOH BOL with both BOL and CDC submission forms. • In addition to testing for more likely arboviruses in Pennsylvania (such as West Nile, Powassan, Eastern equine encephalitis, etc.), testing for Heartland or Bourbon virus should be considered for patients with an acute febrile illness within the past 3 months AND at least one epidemiologic criterion AND at least one clinical criterion (see below for details). Background on Heartland and Bourbon virus Heartland virus is an RNA virus in the genus Phlebovirus, family Phenuiviridae believed to be transmitted by the Lone Star tick (Amblyomma americanum). First discovered as a cause of human illness in 2009 in Missouri, more than 35 cases of Heartland virus disease have been reported from states in the midwestern and southern United States to date.
    [Show full text]
  • Implementation Manual for the National Epidemiological Surveillance of Infectious Diseases Program
    Implementation Manual for the National Epidemiological Surveillance of Infectious Diseases Program Part I. Purpose and Aim The National Epidemiological Surveillance of Infectious Diseases (NESID) Program was started in July 1981 with 18 target diseases. It has been operated with reinforcement and expansion along the way, including the adoption of a computerized online system and an increase in the target diseases to 27 diseases since January 1987. In response to the enactment of the Act on the Prevention of Infectious Disease and Medical Care for Patients with Infectious Diseases (Act No. 114 of 1998; hereinafter referred to as the “Act”) in September 1998 and its enforcement from April 1999, the NESID Program was positioned as a statutory measure. This program will build an appropriate system with cooperation from physicians and other healthcare workers, in order to prevent outbreaks and spread of various infectious diseases by ensuring that measures are taken for the effective and appropriate prevention, diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases through the accurate monitoring and analysis of information on the occurrences of infectious diseases and through prompt provision and public disclosure of findings from such monitoring and analysis to the general public and healthcare workers, in order to design appropriate measures against infectious diseases by monitoring the detection status of, and identifying the characteristics of, circulating pathogens through collection and analysis of information on the pathogens. Part II. Target Infectious Diseases Target infectious diseases of this surveillance program shall be as follows. 1. Infectious diseases requiring report of all cases (notifiable diseases) Category I Infectious Diseases (1) Ebola hemorrhagic fever, (2) Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, (3) smallpox, (4) South American hemorrhagic fever, (5) plague, (6) Marburg disease, (7) Lassa fever.
    [Show full text]
  • Infectious Diseases Weekly Report Tokyo
    Infectious Diseases Weekly Report Tokyo Metropolitan Infectious Disease Surveillance Center 3 June 2021 / Number 21 ( 5/24 ~ 5/30 ) Surveillance System in Tokyo, Japan The infectious diseases which all physicians must report All physicians must report to health centers the incidence of the diseases which are shown at page one. Health centers electronically report the individual cases to Tokyo Metropolitan Infectious Disease Surveillance Center. The infectious diseases required to be reported by the sentinels The numbers of patients who visit the sentinel clinics or hospitals during a week are reported to health centers in Tokyo. And they electronically report the numbers to Tokyo Metropolitan Infectious Disease Surveillance Center. We have about 500 sentinel clinics and hospitals in Tokyo. Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health TEL:81-3-3363-3213 FAX:81-3-5332-7365 e-mail:[email protected] URL:idsc.tokyo-eiken.go.jp/ Number of patients with the diseases which all physicians must report Tokyo Japan Category Diseases Cum Cum 18th 19th 20th 21st 21st 2021 2021 Ebola hemorrhagic fever Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever Smallpox I South American hemorrhagic fever Plague Marburg disease Lassa fever Acute poliomyelitis Tuberculosis 26 32 63 45 883 268 6,125 Diphtheria II Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome(SARS) Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Avian influenza H5N1 Avian influenza H7N9 Cholera Shigellosis 24 III Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection 22885349483 Typhoid fever Paratyphoid fever Hepatitis E 1441631226 West Nile
    [Show full text]
  • | Oa Tai Ei Rama Telut Literatur
    |OA TAI EI US009750245B2RAMA TELUT LITERATUR (12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No. : US 9 ,750 ,245 B2 Lemire et al. ( 45 ) Date of Patent : Sep . 5 , 2017 ( 54 ) TOPICAL USE OF AN ANTIMICROBIAL 2003 /0225003 A1 * 12 / 2003 Ninkov . .. .. 514 / 23 FORMULATION 2009 /0258098 A 10 /2009 Rolling et al. 2009 /0269394 Al 10 /2009 Baker, Jr . et al . 2010 / 0034907 A1 * 2 / 2010 Daigle et al. 424 / 736 (71 ) Applicant : Laboratoire M2, Sherbrooke (CA ) 2010 /0137451 A1 * 6 / 2010 DeMarco et al. .. .. .. 514 / 705 2010 /0272818 Al 10 /2010 Franklin et al . (72 ) Inventors : Gaetan Lemire , Sherbrooke (CA ) ; 2011 / 0206790 AL 8 / 2011 Weiss Ulysse Desranleau Dandurand , 2011 /0223114 AL 9 / 2011 Chakrabortty et al . Sherbrooke (CA ) ; Sylvain Quessy , 2013 /0034618 A1 * 2 / 2013 Swenholt . .. .. 424 /665 Ste - Anne -de - Sorel (CA ) ; Ann Letellier , Massueville (CA ) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS ( 73 ) Assignee : LABORATOIRE M2, Sherbrooke, AU 2009235913 10 /2009 CA 2567333 12 / 2005 Quebec (CA ) EP 1178736 * 2 / 2004 A23K 1 / 16 WO WO0069277 11 /2000 ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this WO WO 2009132343 10 / 2009 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 WO WO 2010010320 1 / 2010 U . S . C . 154 ( b ) by 37 days . (21 ) Appl. No. : 13 /790 ,911 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Definition of “ Subject ,” Oxford Dictionary - American English , (22 ) Filed : Mar. 8 , 2013 Accessed Dec . 6 , 2013 , pp . 1 - 2 . * Inouye et al , “ Combined Effect of Heat , Essential Oils and Salt on (65 ) Prior Publication Data the Fungicidal Activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes in US 2014 /0256826 A1 Sep . 11, 2014 Foot Bath ,” Jpn .
    [Show full text]
  • Reportable Diseases in Illinois
    You are the front line. Help protect against disease outbreaks in Chicago. Per the Control of Communicable Disease Code of Illinois, it is the REPORTABLE responsibility of physicians, physician assistants, nurses, nurse aides or any other person having knowledge of any of the following diseases, DISEASES confirmed or suspected, to report the case to the Chicago Department IN ILLINOIS of Public Health (CDPH) within the timeframe indicated. Information reportable by law and allowed by HIPAA CFR 164 512(b) TO REPORT CASES: CALL 312-743-9000 OR after business hours. ASK for the CALL 311 communicable disease physician. IMMEDIATE (within 3 hours by phone) • Any unusual case or • Botulism, foodborne • Q-fever (if suspected to cluster of cases that may • Brucellosis (if suspected to be a bioterrorist event or indicate a public health be a part of a bioterrorist part of an outbreak) hazard (e.g. MERS-CoV, event or part of an • Smallpox Ebola Virus Disease, Acute outbreak) • Sever Acute Respiratory Flaccid Myelitis) • Diphtheria Syndrome (SARS) • Any suspected bioterrorism • Influenza A, variant • Tularemia (if suspected to threat or event • Plague be a bioterrorist event or • Anthrax • Poliomyelitis part of an outbreak) 24 HOURS (by phone or e-reporting) • Botulism: intestinal, wound, and other • Hepatitis A • Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin • Brucellosis • Influenza-associated intensive care unit resistant (MRSA) 2 or more cases in a • Chickenpox (varicella) hospitalization community setting • Cholera (Vibrio cholera O1 or O139) • Measles
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Diagnostic Assays for Melioidosis, Tularemia, Plague And
    University of Nevada, Reno Development of Diagnostic Assays for Melioidosis, Tularemia, Plague and COVID19 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Cellular and Molecular Biology By Derrick Hau Dr. David P. AuCoin / Dissertation Advisor December 2020 THE GRADUATE• SCHOOL We recommend that the dissertation prepared under our supervision by entitled be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Advisor Committee Member Committee Member Committee Member Graduate School Representative David W. Zeh, Ph.D., Dean Graduate School December 2020 i Abstract Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic organisms which can be spread throughout communities by direct and indirect contact. Burkholderia pseudomallei, Francisella tularenisis, and Yersinia pestis are the causative agents of melioidosis, tularemia and plague, respectively. These bacteria pertain to the United States of America Federal Select Agent Program as they are associated with high mortality rates, lack of medical interventions and are potential agents of bioterrorism. The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has resulted in a global pandemic due to the highly infectious nature and elevated virulence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Proper diagnosis of these infections is warranted to administer appropriate medical care and minimize further spreading. Current practices of diagnosing melioidosis, tularemia, plague and COVID-19 are inadequate due to limited resources and the untimely nature of the techniques. Commonly, diagnosing an infectious disease is by the direct detection of the causative agent. Isolation by bacterial culture is the gold standard for melioidosis, tularemia and plague infections; detection of SAR-CoV-2 nucleic acid by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard for diagnosing COVID-19.
    [Show full text]