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Hamas, Islamic Jihad the Muslim Brotherhood

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Hamas, Islamic Jihad the Muslim Brotherhood ADL Special Background Report: Hamas, Islamic Jihad and The Muslim Brotherhood: Islamic Extremists and the Terrorist Threat to America 1913·1993 ' .' From: December 21, 1994 Michael Winograd FOR YOUR INFORMATION To: Dr. Samuel Portnoy As per your request. Sincerely, ANTI-DEFAMATION l"EAGUE OF B'NAI B•RITH FLORIDA RE.GIONAL OFFICE 373-6306 SUITE 800- lSO S.E. 2nd AVE. MIAMI9 FLORIDA 33131 Melvin Salberg, National Chairman Abraham H. Foxman, National Director David H. Strassler, Chair, National Executive Commirtee Peter T. Willner, Associate National Direct.or Meyer Eisenberg, Chair, Civil Rights Comn1ittee Jeffrey P. Sinensky, Director, Civil Rights Division Gary Zaslav, Chair, Fact Finding and Research Committee This publication was made possible by the Marilyn and Leon Klinghoffer Memorial Foundation. ADL Special Background Report is a publication of the Civil Rights Division Research and Evaluation Department. This issue prepared by Yehudit Barsky, Research Analyst. Edited by Alan M. Schwartz, Director, Research and Evaluation Department © 1993 The Anti,Defamation League 823 United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017 TABLE OF CONTENTS . Holy War: Now or Later? ........................................................................................ 5 Refuge in Mosques ................................................................................................... 5 Support From Abroad: Money No Object ............................................................. 6 Haven in the Land of the Free ................................................................................ 6 "Postttve . W k or s" 1n. A mertca. ................................................................................. 7 "Our Battle Is With the Jewish Enemy Today" ...................................................... 8 Support for HAMAS' Jailed Leader ....................................................................... 9 Brother Nosair: Victim of an International Political Conspiracy ........................ 9 "Ramadan is the Month of Sacrifice" ..................................................................... 9 Advocating Violence: "The Intifada Must Be Rejuvenated" ............................... 10 Preaching Holy War From Brooklyn ...................................................................... 11 The "Brooklyn Jihad Office" ................................................................................... 12 Afterword: Terror at the Twin Towers .................................................................... 13 Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 13 Appendix of Organizations ..................................................................................... 16 INTRODUCTION '"Israel will exist and will continue to exist until Islam will obliterate it, just as it obliterated others before it.' The Mart)'r Imam Hasan al-Barw , of blessed memory." 1 Covenant of the Islamic Resistance Movement, HAMAS "Kill so many jews that they will eventually abandon Palestine." 2 Ibrahim Sarbal, Leader of Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine- Al-Aqsa Brigades "Six million descendants of monkeys [i.e. , ] ews] 3 now rule in all the nations of the world , but their day, too, will come. Allah! Kill them all, do not leave even one!" 4 Imam Sheik Ahmad Ibrahim, HAMAS leader, in a sennon at the Palestine Mosque in Gaza. Throughout the Middle East, from North rejection of Western values and Communism and Africa to Iran, extremist voices are being raised in . calls for the establishr lent of a pan, Islamic state the name of Islam, demanding political power and founded on the basis of shari'a, or Islamic law. To the destruction of Israel. Inside of IsraeL the We~t attain this objective, the Brotherhood promoted Bank and Gaza, the echoes of this phenomenon the concept of an ideal Muslim state to be ruled by have produced two movements, HAMAS and the a Caliph, the title bestowed upon the successors of Islamic Jihad Moven1ent in Palestine, both 9f the Prophet ·Muhammad at the beginning of the which seek to undermine the Jewish State from Islamic empire. within. The two movements similarly share the view HAMAS, the Arahic acronym of the Islamic that Israel is the theological archenemy of Islam; Resistance Movement in Palestine, officially came and, in this capacity, Israel acts as the agent of the into being in August of 1988. Founded as an alter, West in the region. · native to the secular Palestine Liberation Throughout its history, the Muslim Brother, Organization, HAMAS offers its activists the total hood has been supportive of the Palestinian cause. rejection of Israel together with absolute salvation. During the anti,Jewish riots in British Mandatory The acronym HAMAS, taken from the Palestine of 1936 and 1939 the Brotherhood sup, Arabic Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiya , ported Haj Amin al,Husseini, 5 the Mufti of Islamic Resistance Movement, literally denotes Jerusalem and leader of the Arab Higher "zeal" or "enthusiasm." The HAMAS Covenant, Committee. Brotherhood members were sent from however, interprets its name to mean "strength Egypt to participate as fighters together with the and bravery." Palestinian Arabs, an effort that was repeated dur, HAMAS is an offshoot of the Muslim ing the 1948 war. 6 Volunteers from both the Brotherhood movement, which was founded in Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood movement and its Egypt in 1928 by Sheik Hasan al,Bana; and subse, newly formed counterpart among Palestinian quently spread throughout the Arab world. The Arabs fought to prevent the establishment of the Brotherhood shares with HAMAS a complete State of Israel. 4 Holy War: Now or Later? the U.S. in the region, is termed "the Little Satan." · ·. As the precursor of the HAMAS movement, the Muslim Brotherhood in Gaza promoted the · From this perspective, the Islamic Jihad sees itself as fighting long-term strategy of creating the foundations of a a worldwide war against the West, following Muslim state that would eventually become pow, in the footsteps of the Prophet Muhammad. erful enough to destroy Israel. According to the The IJMP regards itself as one part of the larger doctrines of the Brotherhood, part of the process lran,sponsored Islamic Jihad movement, which is in bringing about the ideal pan,Islatnic state most well known for its abduction of American includes the spiritual phenomenon of an "Islamic and other Western hostages in Lebanon. reawakening" throughout the entire Muslim To world ..Only subsequent to the "Islamic reawaken, compete with what was perceived as the more activist ing" and the re,establishment of Islamic political approach of the Islamic Jihad, Sheik Ahmad Yasin, then a Muslim power as the Caliphate could the destruction of Brotherhood leader, adjusted his the Jewish state begin as a divinely,sanctioned war own doctrine, leading to the forma, tion of HAMAS. between Islamic forces and those of Israel. In other In 1987 he nationalized the war words, holy war later. of the IJMP, and spoke of an Islamic Palestinian state as a stage towards Taking this position one step further, his movement's final goal. Rather than insisting on the establishment .I-IA~AAS' spiritual leader Sheik Ahmad Yasin for, of a pan, Islamic mulated the concept that 'Palestine' should state as the prerequisite for waging holy war on Israel, Yasin become the central battlefield for the creation of a changed the strategy of ·the Muslim Broth~rhood nationalist Islamic state. In other words, holy war in Gaza to that of "par, now. tial" holy war.' In this manner, Muslim Brotherhood and HAMAS activists For HA~v1AS, the question of Israel's eventual could partici, pate eradication is central and absolute. H.J\MAS dif, in the Palestinian uprising while at the same time remaining fers in view from the Muslim Brotherhood in faithful to their notion of a cata, clysmic asserting that the establishment of an Islamic state holy war that would eventually be waged in 'Palestine' will serve as the tool for achieving . by their Caliphate. HAMAS joined Islamic Jihad in deciding their ultimate goal of creating a pan... Islamic statf that the tirne for its jihad is now. across the Middle East. Refuge in Mosques HAMAS' redeveloped outlook came about 8 shortly before the Palestinian uprising in 1987 and With funds provided by Saudi Arabia, the the parallel development in Gaza of a third organi, Brotherhood has created centers for the propaga, zation, the Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine tion of its doctrine by providing for the communal (IJh.-1P). Inspired by the Islamic re,'olution that needs of Palestinian ~v1 uslims in Gaza. Adhering to swept Iran in 1979, the Islamic Jihad challenged the doctrine of providing for the social needs of the Brotherhood by staging spectacular attacks on fellow Muslims, over the past 65 years the Muslim Israeli soldiers. Brotherhood created a network of social, charita, Following the doctrine that Islamic land must ble and educational institutions linked to the local be ruled only by Muslim 'believers', the I]MP's war mosques, which came to be known as al ... 9 on Israel differs from that of HAMAS Clnly in its Mujamma' aJ,Islami, or the Islamic Congress. As immediate goal,that a pan,Islamic empire must be the leader of the Islamic Congress, Sheik Ahmad created throughout the Middle East with its foun, Yasin oversaw its transformation into HAMAS. dations on the ruins of Israel. It perceives itself as The establishment of HAMAS by Sheik the vanguard of an internationalist,oriented
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