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Research Article International Journal of Information Research and Review, December, 2019 International Journal of Information Research and Review Vol. 06, Issue, 12, pp.6612-6617, December, 2019 RESEARCH ARTICLE TO STUDY CONTEMPORARY COMMUNICATION PATTERN IN JAUNSAR BAWAR *Jagriti Basera and Dr. Anjali Chahuhan Research Scholar, Mewar University, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan Article History Received 10th September, 2019; Received in revised form 14th October, 2019; Accepted 29th November, 2019; Published online 30th December, 2019 Copyright © 2018, Jagriti Basera and Anjali Chahuhan. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricte d use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. INTRODUCTION Human beings are engaged in a variety of co mmunication Don’t embrace technology for technology’s sake. Use process; intrapersonal, interpersonal, group and mass commonsense to determine when to use new media and when communication, the last one being unique in the sense that it to use more traditional methods. It’s great to have electronic differs somewhat from other forms of communication because relationships, but we always need old fashioned human contact of a mechanical device interposed between sender and receiver. -Moshe Triwaks One way to analyze communication is to present it in the form of a model. Indian society has been broadly divided into tribal, Communication is universal to all human beings and is central rural and urban societies on the basis of their geographical to our lives. In fact, it regulates and shapes all human behavior. surroundings and socio-cultural characteristics. Tribals live in Dreaming, talking with someone, arguing in a discussion, relative isolation marked with distinct culture, language and speaking in a public, participating in a traditional cultural religion. In the contemporary world, they are considered to be function, escape from a beast, alert to the people at time of socio-economically backward. A tribe can be defined as a danger, reading of a newspaper, watching television, browsing community living in hilly forests or well demarcated areas internet etc are different kinds of communication that we are having its own culture, religion, language and strong ethnic engaged in every day. It means we are constantly exchanging identity. Anthropologists have explained tribe as a social group our thoughts, ideas and motions with someone or other either with territorial affiliation, endogamous in nature, with no to satisfy our physical, emotional or other needs or to get work specialization of functions, ruled by tribal chief, hereditary or done. It is obvious that communication is an integral part of otherwise, united in language recognizing social distances with one’s life. In fact, society cannot survive in the absence of other tribes or castes, following tribal traditions, beliefs and communication. Communication is more than mere customs, conscious of their ethnic and territorial homogeneity. transferring or transmission of ideas or thoughts. It is dynamic process of action and interaction towards a desired goal. Characteritics of tribal society Communication is, therefore, a process of sharing or exchange of ideas, information, knowledge, attitude or feeling among From the above, there are some of the characteristics of tribal two or more persons through certain signs and symbols. society: Communication is vital for human existence and for the progress of humanity. No person, group or society can exist 1. They have usually a well demarcated geographical without interaction with others. Being at the heart of all social territory. action and interaction, communication functions as a relating 2. Generally, they live in forests or hilly areas. tool that creates understanding, facilitates work and strengthens 3. Their territory is relatively isolated or semi-isolated collective living among people. compared to other social group. 4. They have their own culture, folklore, cosmology and Rapidly, we approach the final phase of the extensions of belief system. manthe technological stimulations of consciousness, when the 5. Economically, they are self-sufficient, i.e. their creative process of knowing will be collectively and economy is based on subsistence level where there is no corporately extended to the whole of human society. concept of surplus. They cling to primitive technology. They lack monetary economy. Their economy is *Corresponding author: Jagriti Basera, dependenton barter system. Research Scholar, Mewar University, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan. 6613 Jagriti Basera and Anjali Chahuhan, To study contemporary communication pattern in jaunsar bawar 6. They are most interested in earning their today’s need d. Shifting Cultivation: - among tribal is a problem since and do not bother about their future requirements. it involves large scale deforestation. Shifting cultivation 7. They have their own languages; generally do not have is known by various names such as Swidden any script. Cultivation, Jhum, Khallu, and Podu. 8. They have their own political system, i.e. Both stateless and state. Earlier, they had stateless system, i.e. without It involves clearing of a plot, usually in hilly area or Terrance, any tribal chief. They manage their law and order i.e. Cutting plants & shrubs and then broadcasting seeds of system through family and kinship ties. Later on, came arhar, bajra etc. it does not involves plough cultivation. The the state system, when tribals nominated or elected their area is cultivated for one or two years and then is left hallow own chiefs. Today of course this autonomy has been for five to seven years to allow the vegetation to grow densely lost and they have become the part of local and to repeat the cycle. administrative. 9. Tribal societies are known as simple societies because e. Illiteracy: - among tribals is a major hindrance towards their social relationships are primarily based on family their development. On account of inaccessible habitat and kinship ties. Besides they do not have any rigid among tribal’s, education has not spread fast among social stratification. them. The school timing usually clash with the timing 10. They have their own religion, i.e. having their own of economic and agricultural operations. However, deities (god and goddesses) and belief system. Their several programmes have been launched to provide forms of religion are known as educational access by establishing a primary school animism,animatism,totenismand naturism. within a radius of one kilometer. 11. They have sense of belongingness to their own f. Problems of Health and Nutrition: -among the tribals community, they feel that they are the son of soil and has been found mainly due to lack of proper medical hence they have strong ethnic identity. and sanitary facilities and poverty. Their practice of indigenous medicine and magical practices for Tribal problems treatments have been very good in the past. But today’s things are changed considerably. Diseases range Certain types of tribal problems emerged with their contact between diarrhea, AIDS, jaundice, etc. they require with outsiders. Before the Muslim rules, the tribals lived fairy proper treatment in well equipped hospitals or in isolation. During Muslim rule the process of revenue dispensaries. Efforts are being made to establish collection started. However, the Muslim rulers did not interfere primary health centers in every village. with the tribal customs and traditions. Exploitative contact started during the British rule. This is found mainly because of LITERATURE REVIEW 3 reasons: The term tribe is derived from the Latin word ‘tribes’ meaning 1. The Britishers wants to rule over the tribals. the ‘poor or the masses’. In English language the word ‘tribe’ 2. They want to syphon off resources from tribal areas, appeared in the sixteenth century and denoted a community of which were rich in mineral resources. persons claiming descent from a common ancestor. This 3. They want to preach the Christianity under the chapter attempts to give an insight into the tribal studies in pretext of nationality. India and JaunsariBawar in particular. In the manner most of the tribal problems have emerged due to Tribal Studies in India the cultural contacts, there are several tribal problems which are as follows:- The Indian society is a unique society with diversity of nature and people. In our country, known for the extreme poverty of a. Land Alienation: -caused due to the introduction of the masses, the tribals constitute the core of the poor. Poverty, monetary economy. For every consumptions need, the poor health and sanitation, illiteracy and other social problems tribals needed money, but did not have any source of among the tribals are exerting a dragging effect on the Indian earning. They mortgaged land or sold it off land. economy. The five year Plans formulated the implementations Besides, outsiders exploited them and grabbed away of a series of investment-backed schemes and projects for the their land. betterment of the conditions of the tribals living in the rural and b. Indebtedness: - cropped due to lack of adequate source urban areas. Many of the tribes with their forest-dwelling of income. Private money lenders are readily available culture do not have the motivation or the skill of settled in tribal areas. They provided personal loan on heavy cultivation. As a result, their land has been alienated to their rate of interest. The consumption patterns of the tribals better endowed tribal neighbours or non-tribals. There have include regular consumption of liquor, bride price been many tribal studies in India based on tribal economy, land during marriage and fine for any deviant behavior. All alienation, socio-economic development, tribal culture, etc. it is these require money. Hence they go to the moneylender. highly imperative to have look at these tribal studies by various In this manner they are heavily in debt. Anthropologists, Research scholars, etc. A new trend in ethno c. Bonded Labour: - is a serious problem, which came in methodology which came during the British period was a due to rampant poverty and lack of stable income.
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