MONUMENTALLY SPEAKING National Boer War Memorial Association Newsletter for NSW, SA, WA and ACT

Artist’s impression NUMBER 30 – FEBRUARY 2017

NATIONAL BOER WAR MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION National Patron: Chief of the Defence Force, Air Chief Marshal Mark Binskin AC

NSW Committee of NBWMA Inc – Chairman: David Deasey

NSW Chairman’s Message involvement that has led to the Memorial Welcome to 2017. We stand at the brink project. We also take a look at the full of our most exciting period of time as design and show some of the technical we head toward the dedication of the intricacies behind the sculptures. Finally memorial, 31 May 2017 at 11am. All of our we have some fascinating stories of supporters and interested members of soldiers and equipment from the war the public are invited to attend this great This has been a great endeavour which occasion. The Organising Committee has spanned 15 years at this point. We hopes to have TV screens in place so that have set the target of funds to be raised all attendees can see where ever they are in this financial year at $100.000. As at placed. Seating will be limited compared December 2016 approximately $35.000 to the numbers likely to attend and had been raised, (over $20.000 from NSW) formal invitations for this seating will be leaving $65.000 still short of the target. issued shortly. Please don’t let that stop This issue will be just about our last you from coming, everyone is welcome. chance of getting those funds in. So Inside this issue we look at the please – if you are thinking of donating – circumstances behind Australia’s Boer War please do it now. David Deasey

We’re getting closer but we still need funds

Monumentally Speaking is a periodic newsletter of the National Boer War Memorial Association Correspondence and donations to Building 96, Victoria Barracks, Paddington, NSW 2021. A MONUMENTAL MAsTERPIECE n our centre spread this issue The Copper Walls Iwe revisit the full design of the Two large, copper clad walls emerge On its front face will be an extract of A memorial for which we have all from the surrounding landscape to B Paterson’s 1902 poem On the Trek. worked for so long. define the memorial space. The walls When the dash and the excitement The Sculptor of the horsemen is are aligned to the dominant parallel and the novelty are dead, Louis Laumen whose task it will be geometry of Anzac Parade to create And you’ve seen a load of wounded to bring the design to life. Landscape a simple yet strong framing of the once or twice, design was jointly by Pod Landscape memorial. Or you’ve Architecture and Jane Cavanough. The different heights of the walls The memorial will be an inspired reflect their different functions; the design of Australian troopers higher back wall is a backdrop to watched mounted on war horses breaking the bronze sculptures, your old mate through the trees of ANZAC Parade and the lower dying, with the Canberra. front vultures overhead -- The sculptures of a section of four Well, you wonder if the war is horsemen, one and a half life worth the price. size, are dynamic, bold and And down along the Monaro now wall they’re starting out to shear, frames I can picture the excitement and the row; the ceremonial But they’ll miss me on the Lachlan forecourt while when they call the roll this year, allowing interpretation to For we’re going on a long job now. be read along its top. The faces of each wall will be composites of A.B Paterson 1902 several large, hand-forged copper More at www.bwm.org.au realistic. sheets joined with rivets and finished The positioning and postures of in a green copper patina. the troopers create dynamism and On top of the lower front copper tension. Each horse and soldier is wall will be nine bronze replica In this issue portrayed with individual character journals showing extracts of the and movement in the act of letters of Private F H Booth (No128) NSW Chairman’s Message...... 1 patrolling, searching and watching. 2nd Victorian Mounted Rifles which A Monumental Masterpiece...... 2 The history-capturing design will give a continuous picture of a typical bring a new note to Australia’s soldier’s twelve months of service. Book a Speaker...... 3 national memorial precinct which We are very excited to be able to NSW Committee...... 3 leads to the . include excerpts of letters sent It will commemorate Australia’s first home by Private Frederick Harper National and State Contacts...... 3 war as a federated nation. Booth that tell the personal story of ACT and SA Committees...... 3 The design embraces the horseman the excitement of arriving in , moving out to the front, as the bushman folk hero of Why Are We Involved?...... 4 Australian culture, an independent fighting, disgruntlement, hunger, and resourceful Australian exhaustion, the necessity for the The 15 Pounders...... 5 scorched earth policy and rounding acclimatised to a tough existence Memorial’s Design - pictures...... 6-7 on the land. The significance of the up of women and children into four troopers is that they represent concentration camps. These have Sir ...... 8 a four-man section, a formation for been archived and made available From ...... 9 fighting and patrolling. When they for use in the Boer War Memorial by went into combat three men would his grandchildren including author Charles Cameron Stewart...... 10 dismount while the fourth would Peter Fitzsimons. lead the horses to cover. This display Also on the top of the front wall Commemorative Envelopes...... 10 of interaction and observation is will be three bronze plaques giving Jonathon H B Martin...... 11 reflected in the placement of the the history of the war from the horses in the setting. Australian perspective Kandos Poster...... 12

Page 2 – Monumentally Speaking Newsletter number 30 – February 2017 An invitation from David Deasey, Chairman, NSW Committee of NBWMA Book a Speaker for Your Association on’t hesitate to contact me to arrange delighted to put our first war as a nation Da speaker for your association. Our into context. 23,000 Australian soldiers and lively presentations are about 40 minutes nurses served, 1,000 did not return. We are allowing time after for questions, but are remembering them. often adapted for both shorter and longer Regardless of the duration of the periods to meet your needs, lunchtime or a presentation requested, our speakers need conference. a working computer, video projector and The story of Australia’s contribution to the screen for supporting visuals and, for larger Boer War is little known. Our presenters are groups, a microphone. David Deasey To arrange for a speaker contact David Deasey – 0409 585 877 NSW SCHEDULE OF PRESENTATIONS 2017 - David Deasey or Tony Lanarch-Jones will be at the following 11 Feb 2.00 pm NSW Military History Society 99 York St DD 27 Feb 10.15 am Double Bay Women’s Probus Group Club Rose Bay(Rose Bay RSL) DD 14 Feb 7.00 am North Sunrise Rotary Club Piato Restaurant, McMahons Point TL-J 13 Apr 6.30 pm Mortdale RSL Sub Branch Mortdale RSL DD 2 May 9.30 am Carlingford Men’s Probus Club Muirfield Golf Club DD

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Monumentally Speaking Newsletter number 30 – February 2017 – Page 3 Why are we involved in this Memorial Project?

Sir Granville de laune Ryrie Sir Dame Emma Maud McCarthy Sir Thomas William Glasgow Sir William Throsby Bridges hy have we embarked on this women) who were either in South Four Australian women (one in British Wjourney? The committee felt Africa or who paid their own way service) would be awarded the Royal that as we close in on the project’s served in British and South African Red Cross, whilst four others would completion, we should revisit for all irregular units. It was the first war that be Mentioned in Dispatches. Many of our readers what this is all about. Australian women would serve in Boer War veterans would go on to On 11 October conspicuous service in World War ; 1899 war broke amongst the most notable names out between the being William Throsby Bridges, Harry Boer republics Chauvel, Thomas William Glasgow, and Great Britain. , H E ‘Pompey’ Elliott, The causes were Nellie Gould and Emma Maude of long standing McCarthy. Four Australian Boer War and still excite veterans would be awarded the Victoria passions today. At that time there Australian uniform Cross in World War One. It is estimated was no , and in which that fifteen percent of the assault force only six individual state or colonial the firstat Gallipoli on the morning of 25 April governments as well as New Zealand. Australian 1915 were Boer War veterans. Everyone, however, knew that woman Some Boer War veterans, including Sir nationhood was on the way in 1901. would die on Harry Chauvel, would continue service Australians saw it as our fight and, active service. into World War Two. Approximately one despite initial opposition from the Without the Boer War experience the AIF thousand Australians British War Office, were determined as we know it in World War One would would die on campaign, over six to be involved. The first Australian not have existed. Brilliant commanders hundred of them in the official contingent – a Squadron of the New such as Monash and Chauvel would contingents. The first members of South Wales Lancers commanded not have come to the fore and probably the Australian Aboriginal community by Capt Charles Cox (later Brigadier Australians would not have operated would serve on active service, one General in World War One) – arrived in as Australian Brigades or Divisions until at least with two tours of duty. After on 2 November 1899. the end of the war. Our soldiers would the war many former British veterans At Federation in 1901 the new Federal have been merged into British units would migrate to Australia and many government clearly stated that and formations. of those would serve with the AIF in Australia’s continued involvement was David Deasey World War One. about reinforcing our first strategic alliance – the . By Six Victoria Crosses war’s end Australians would serve in would be awarded Australian brigades or even in Anzac (all would serve again brigades associated with their New in World War One), Zealand cousins. the first to from New The war concluded with a peace treaty South Wales as well on 31 May 1902. During the war over as more than one 16,000 Australians served in official hundred and sixty Australian contingents, 65% after other decorations to Federation in 1901. It is believed up contingent members. to a further seven thousand (men and H E ‘Pompey’ Elliott Nellie Gould and sisters Frater and Johnston

Page 4 – Monumentally Speaking Newsletter number 30 – February 2017 The 15 Pounders

n 30 December 1899, ‘A’ Field OBattery, Royal Australian Artillery (NSW) departed for operations in South Africa. It was equipped with six 15 pounder breach loading guns (Mk1s) – the standard weapon of British field artillery. The origins of this weapon went back to the introduction of the 12 pounder breech loader into the service in 1883. With the advent of smokeless powders, the problems exposed in field operations after a large scale exercise in India in 1891 and a review Typical presentation of a15 Pounder in the field (‘A’ Field Battery) of advances on the continent it was Despite the excellence of its design, it at a maximum of 3700 metres. The realised that a heavier shell could be was outclassed and outranged by the gun had a much greater capacity fired with few design changes and so Boer, (i.e. European) guns in this war. and eventually about five thousand the 15 pounder saw the light of day The problem was not its construction metres could be achieved but quite in 1892. Nearly three hundred and but the tactical specifications to which often required a hole dug for the fifty guns saw service in the Boer War, it was designed. It was expected trail to increase the barrel elevation. firing some 166,548 shells, 71% of engagements would be against In many ways it was much more all the ammunition fired by artillery. enemy in the open, with shrapnel, successful during the guerrilla phase of the war. Eventually forty-eight examples equipped Australian forces, including eighteen conversions of the 12 pounder gun. It saw service in World War One in Australia on home and training duties and with South African and Mauritian gunners in the East African campaign. It became clear in 1900 that the British 15 pounders were outclassed so, as an interim measure and matter of urgency and to the embarrassment of all, supplementary guns were bought from Germany until Britain could develop a replacement. They were eventually replaced in 1904, by two weapons, the 18 pounder and the 4.5 inch howitzer. ’A’ Field Bty 15 Pounder crossing a river in the Transvaal (taken by CGS Lydiard) David Deasey

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Monumentally Speaking Newsletter number 30 – February 2017 – Page 5 A MONUMENTAL MASTERPIECE

Bronze Journal Example

Full sized clay model of Horseman 2 awaiting castings to be taken

Scale model and early stages of full size clay model of horseman no 3

WE STILL NEED FUNDS - PLEASE DONATE

Latex castings before Earliest phase of full scale model production bronze part is produced

Page 6 – Monumentally Speaking Newsletter number 30 – February 2017 A MONUMENTAL MASTERPIECE

Michael Crouch, fund chairman, with completed horseman no 1

Scale model and early stages of full size clay model of horseman no 3

WE STILL NEED FUNDS - PLEASE DONATE

Part of bronze casting of Horseman no 2 before assembly

Monumentally Speaking Newsletter number 30 – February 2017 – Page 7 Major General Sir Edward Chaytor The only New Zealander to command ANZACS at divisional level. ne of the most important OAnzac and Light Horse figures was Major-General Sir Edward Chaytor KCMG, KCVO, CB, seven times Mentioned in Despatches. Chaytor was a New Zealander born Chaytor decorates an NCO from the British West Indies Regiment at Motueka in the Marlborough district of New Zealand’s South to the Western Transvaal for the took part in the . Island in 1868. remainder of the war. Chaytor personally reconnoitred In 1886 he joined the Marlborough In September 1902 he was invited the Turkish positions by air and was Hussars (a volunteer unit) as a to become a permanent (regular) slightly wounded by ground fire. trumpeter. By 1888 he had been soldier in the . When Harry Chauvel was promoted commissioned He held various to command the Desert Mounted as an officer. The posts up to World Chaytor was given command unit became a War One, by of the Anzac Mounted Division. mounted rifles which time he Chaytor thus became the only New unit in 1891 and was a colonel. He Zealander to command an ANZAC in 1892 Chaytor became heavily force at divisional level. was promoted to involved in the Whilst not involved in the charge captain. mobilisation of at the ANZAC Mounted After volunteering New Zealand Division was involved clearing for service in forces, first to Turks from the hills to the north. 1899, Chaytor occupy a German Whilst this division was heavily was appointed Samoa then the involved in fighting thereafter it company New Zealand was during the Megiddo campaign commander of Expeditionary in that Chaytor the North Island Force for the had his finest hour. company of the Middle East. He His role in this was to act New Zealand was then posted independently in the Jordan Valley. third contingent. Chaytor with the captured Turkish as a senior staff Some historians have described He took part 4th Army Commander Wahaby Bey officer of the New it as merely a diversion but it was in operations Zealand/Australian far more significant than that. In at Wepener and Johannesburg. division under Major-General reality it was effectively a corps After recuperating from wounds Godley. Wounded at Gallipoli, he level operation. Chaytor had not received at Riet Spruit on 27 May was evacuated 1900 he returned to duty. He to London. On received a Mention in Despatches return in late for his actions at Rhenoster Kop 1915 he was in November 1900 and briefly given command commanded the whole third of the New contingent. Returning home he Zealand Rifle was promoted major in 1902 Brigade, then backdated to March 1901. the New Zealand He volunteered again in 1902 and Mounted Rifle was appointed commanding officer Brigade. and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel of This Brigade the South Island battalion of the became part 8th New Zealand contingent. This of the Anzac unit operated against de Wet in Mounted Division northern Natal and the Orange Free commanded by Chaytor and Brig General Charles Cox commanding , State until April when it transferred Harry Chauvel. It both Boer War veterans

Page 8 – Monumentally Speaking Newsletter number 30 – February 2017 only his own division but also From our South Australian Correspondent the 20th Indian (Imperial Service) Infantry Brigade (four battalions), two battalions of the British West South Australia Annual Our reputation is growing for really India Regiment and the 38th and Descendants & Friends Day excellent raffle prizes, all of which are donated and then coordinated 39th battalions, Royal Fusiliers. Our popular annual get-together and wrapped in spectacular fashion These had been raised from Jewish was held on Sunday 6th November by our Committee ladies. Fourteen settlers in Palestine, a total of 2016, hosted by the Walkerville prizes caused much excitement seventeen combat units. RSL. and our bank balance is much Chayter’s force had to cover the Chairman Monty Smith presented healthier as a result. transfer West to the coast of the RSL President, Mr N Coleman, Chauvel’s other three mounted with a gift of appreciation from Dedication Service divisions. So effective was he that descendant Mr Trevor Jones who Monty Smith officially announced the night before the Megiddo was overseas. Walkerville RSL has the date of the Dedication attacks on the coast, German and much war service memorabilia Service for our National Boer War Turkish intelligence still placed but precious little from the South monument on Anzac Parade, Chauvel’s force in the Jordan African Boer War. The gift was a Canberra, ACT being Wednesday, Valley. They still assessed that the framed photograph of our Adelaide 31st May, 2017. most likely British operation was Boer War monument, the original Coach tour a major mounted attack through taken c.1912. the Jordan Valley. He then had to The South Australian Committee The gifted photograph is in has organised a six day Coach prevent the Turkish 4th Army being memory of Q.M.S. Otto Frederick withdrawn to assist their comrades Tour featuring the Dedication Schumann of the 5th South Ceremony. on the coast or to escape. To Australian Imperial Bushmen and Itineraries and Booking Forms are do this his force had to capture a great uncle of Mr Trevor Jones. available from our Hon. Secretary, Amman and cut the rail link to QMS Schumann was killed at June Haggett 8632 5574 the north. The Amman operation Venter Spruit on the 6th May 1901. yielded not only the city’s capture Descendants have priority but also ten thousand prisoners as Our South Australian Committee bookings. well. of the NBWMA has formed a wonderful partnership with the Descendants and Friends may After the war he was Chief of the Walkerville RSL. New Zealand military forces until wish to make their own travel and 1924. This job alone in reality was a Presentations accommodation arrangements Lieutenant General’s position. We had two most interesting but the Chairman suggests that Given such an extraordinary presentations. One was from applications for an invitation be career it is surprising based on his an experienced researcher who made as soon as possible. record and responsibilities that inherited a treasure trove of Boer War Day 2017 information and the other from a the New Zealand government did The South Australian Boer War new researcher who found her Boer not promote him to Lieutenant- Day Commemorative Service will War ancestors six months ago. General. It is perhaps something be held on Sunday, 28th May that the New Zealand government The first presentation “Doing it for 2017 at 11am at the North Terrace and New Zealanders of today could Tom” was given by Mr A E Kermode, monument. There will be free car rectify. a grandson of Kings Corporal parking on the Torrens Parade David Deasey Thomas Kermode of the 5th SAIB. Ground. The second presentation was Guest Speakers & TIO given by Dr Charmaine Hockley E NA NA Presentations H L B entitled “A Serendipitous Journey of T O R E Discovery,” the story of her research If your Group, Club, Library, O R F W into Tpr Ernest James Stratford Eyre Historical Society or School would E NOW T A also of the 5th SAIB. like a Guest Speaker we can

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Monumentally Speaking Newsletter number 30 – February 2017 – Page 9 Trooper, later Colonel, Charles Cameron Stewart A boy soldier of the Boer War – a soldier of three wars and two armies.

et again an was controlled by a bugle therefore Yexample buglers were at a premium. Charles was of how young a bugler, tall for his age perhaps, no one Boer war twigged to the deception – perhaps soldiers often they did not want to! were. Charles The War Office believing that the Cameron war would shortly be over rejected Stewart was the offer of the born in Sydney Third contingent which left the in 1887. Early government in a quandary as to in the war the what to do with the unit. It was a government political embarrassment. Eventually attempted to make sure that only many were given permission to go those single and over twenty-one to South Africa on their own at their could serve in the war. Within own expense. Others were enrolled year’s service on the South African months they were not so choosy. into a newly formed a regular veldt with one of the most hard In early 1900, putting his age up to infantry company so Charles became riding combat units New South fifteen, Charles joined an infantry a regular infantryman at thirteen. In Wales sent away. Before the World battalion being formed at Sydney’s August 1900 it was decided to send War One he migrated to California, Victoria Barracks, as the New South a platoon of this company with the thus joined the United States Army Wales Third contingent, for service in New South Wales Naval Contingent in 1917 for service in France. He South Africa. By this time fifteen-year- to China. Charles was initially the returned to the United States from olds were acceptable if they had key designated bugler but was replaced the Meuse Argonne offensive as a skills. In an era before radios, movement before he sailed. Perhaps his mother commissioned officer in US forces. intervened, South Africa after all In World War Two he again listed perhaps could be regarded as in the US Army. This time his age NEW NATIONAL civilised, maybe China was not so disqualified him from action but he MEMORIAL regarded. served in training and administrative BADGE In early 1901 Charles volunteered roles with US units in Scotland being for service with the 2nd New South mustered out in 1945 as a Colonel. Wales Mounted Rifles and was He died in 1961 in California. accepted, this time as a sixteen- Today, his daughter Michelle is a year-old trooper, real age fourteen. prominent artist in New York. NEW He returned unscathed from a David Deasey

Please order Commemorative Envelopes

$10.00 To commemorate the construction of the statue of The new National Boer War A Memorial Badge has just arrived. the first horseman the NSW It is similar to the Medallion but Committee recently issued 30mm diameter, thin and with commemorative envelopes. different wording. They feature a bronzed figure PRICE INCLUDES POSTAGE of the clay model of the first Get yours before the horseman and a commemorative B postage goes up! stamp – Victoria Barracks National Boer War 1899-1902.

Orders please to A. Envelope with two Australia/Israel Major Bernadette Mottram - joint issue 60c Lighthorse stamps and NBWMA Building 96 Victoria Barracks stamp $5.00. Victoria Barracks - Paddington B. Envelopes with only the Horseman NSW 2021 figure $2.50 each or 10 for $20.00.

Page 10 – Monumentally Speaking Newsletter number 30 – February 2017 [email protected] Captain Jonathon H B Martin MID-Vet, Soldier of two wars & two armies

onathan Martin was born in Returning to Australia he resumed J1865. He first came to public his normal existence. However, notice when he saved the life of itchy feet saw him undertake study a woman, who was drowning, at in Europe and the USA before Balmain. The circumstances of this settling in India where he was a vet were such that he was awarded the to the Calcutta Racing Club as well Bronze Medal of the Royal Humane as taking up dog judging again. He Society of Australasia and the Silver was an advocate for the Australian Medal of the National Shipwreck Terrier breed in India. Society of New South Wales. When the First World War broke out Originally a master mariner he he was in the United Kingdom, was retrained as a veterinary surgeon. In appointed a veterinary lieutenant this role he had a long association with the British Army and served with the Kennel Club of NSW (now in France. It is not clear but most Dogs NSW), the Rosebery Park Pony probably working with Indian Club (Racing), the Royal Agricultural divisions because of his Indian Society of New South Wales and the experience. In any event he was Coursing Association of New South transferred in 1917 to Palestine Wales (Greyhounds) as honorary and it seems likely that he served veterinary surgeon. He was also a there with one of the Indian dog breeder, exhibitor and judge. Cavalry divisions. Ironically again Early in 1901, after supervising serving alongside Australians as the shipment of horses to China that he served in the field with the part of Lieutenant-General Sir Harry during the Boxer Rebellion, Martin 2nd NSW Mounted Rifles as part of Chauvel’s . joined the New South Wales Defence Ingouville Williams’ column. He was severely wounded at Gaza, Force as a volunteer vet, surplus to Returning early in 1902 he was which raises the question about how establishment. He sailed to South immediately grabbed to be the a vet was that far forward for that to Africa on the S S Ranee in charge veterinary lieutenant attached to the happen. He was later Mentioned in of the horses on that ship. He was 5th Australian Commonwealth Horse Despatches. He finished the war as a supposed to return immediately. (5ACH) for yet another tour of duty. captain before returning to India. Although Murray’s Official Records This unit arrived after the fighting David Deasey don’t record it, the medal rolls show was over and saw no service.

Quality Australian-made NBWMA tie in the colours Original 1900 of the Queen’s South collection Africa medal ribbon of Boer War on a navy photographs. background NSW recruits train and leave $28 inc. for service in postage South Africa. In this full A4 sized publication photos are From NSW reprinted in black and white as crystal clear as the glass plates, long exposures and huge lenses made possible then. A4 $20 inc. postage size

Monumentally Speaking Newsletter number 30 – February 2017 – Page 11 Kandos Poster eld in the Kandos HMuseum in Central Western NSW is an interesting relic from just after the establishment of the . This item is a commemorative poster issued to its members by the 2nd Regiment (NSW Mounted Rifles) dated 1905. It lists all unit members, the actions of note of the 1st NSW Mounted Rifles in South Africa in 1900. The Commanding Officer of 2ALH at the time was Lt Col J W Macarthur Onslow who had commanded the 5th Australian Commonwealth Horse in South Africa (his second tour of duty.) In World War One he would be a Major General in charge of the AIF’s Sea Transport Service. The item was originally owned by Trooper Henry Slapp who also served in 5ALH.

Reserve Forces Day Council Descendant’s Medallion War Bar Clasps 50mm diameter with neck ribbon Should the veteran have gone on to in the colours of the Queen’s official serve in World War 1 and/or World service medal, all enclosed in a War 2 additional War Bar Clasps may presentation pouch. be purchased. These bars may only be worn with the Boer War Descendant’s In Memory Medallion Medallion. Non-descendants “IN MEMORY” For more information Medallions may be and order forms for both medallions worn by all supporters and the war bar clasps please visit of the National Boer War rfd.org.au/site/Commemorative_ Memorial project to any Medallions.asp#boer Boer War related event. or telephone 02 9908 1863

Monumentally Speaking is a periodic newsletter © National Boer War Memorial Association Correspondence and donations to Building 96, Victoria Barracks, Paddington, NSW 2021.