A History of Research Into Ancient Egyptian Culture Conducted in Southeast Europe

A History of Research into Ancient Egyptian Culture Conducted in Southeast Europe

Edited by

Mladen Tomorad

Archaeopress Egyptology 8 Archaeopress Gordon House 276 Banbury Road Oxford OX2 7ED www.archaeopress.com

ISBN 978 1 78491 090 7 ISBN 978 1 78491 091 4 (e-Pdf) © Archaeopress and the authors 2015

Proofreaders: Dr. Mladen Tomorad and Ivana Štimac, Centre for Croatian Studies, University of Zagreb, Croatia English proof-reading by Betsy Scott

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Printed in England by Oxuniprint Ltd This book is available direct from Archaeopress or from our website www.archaeopress.com Table of Contents

Preface...... viii List of contributors...... ix

Chapter I: A History of Research into Ancient Egyptian Culture Conducted in Southeast Europe...... xi 150 Years of Egyptological Reseach in Croatia (1862-2012)...... 1 Mladen Tomorad The Borderline between Predynastic and Dynastic Egypt (4000–3000 B.C.) in the Works of Croatian Egyptologists and Scholars...... 13 Porin Šćukanec Rezniček The History of Egyptology in Bulgaria...... 19 Emil Buzov

Chapter II: The Ancient Egyptian collections in Southeast Europe...... 25 Josef Schwegel (1836–1914) and His Ten Years in Egypt...... 27 Tomislav Kajfež The Ancient Egyptian Antiquities in Institutional and Private Collections in Croatia...... 31 Mladen Tomorad The Collection of Egyptian Artifacts in the Mimara Museum in Zagreb (Croatia)...... 59 Ivana Čukman Nikolić, Mladen Tomorad The Ancient Egyptian Glass Collection in the Mimara Museum...... 75 Lada Ratković Bukovčan The Egyptian Collection in the Archaeological Museum in Zagreb: History and Research...... 85 Porin Šćukanec Rezniček Egyptian Collection of the Museum of Slavonia in Osijek (Croatia)...... 93 Marina Kovač Formation and Composition of the Egyptian Collections in Serbia...... 107 Branislav Anđelković Ancient Egyptian Artifacts from Romania. Their Research and Future Perspectives...... 117 Dan-Augustin Deac

Chapter III: The current Egyptological research...... 121 CT and MR Research on Two Egyptian Mummies from the Archaeological Museum in Zagreb...... 123 Mislav Čavka, Igor Uranić A Case of Egyptian Revival at the Turn of the 18th Century: the Painter Franc Kavčič Caucig and His Oeuvre D’Egitto...... 127 Vesna Kamin Kajfež The Cult of the Sacred Bull Apis: History Of Study...... 135 Nenad Marković Was There Ever a ‘Minoan’ Princess on the Egyptian Court?...... 145 Uroš Matić The Studies of the Ancient Egyptian Language in Croatia and Serbia...... 157 Kristina Šekrst Development of the ‘Croato-Aegyptica’ Database...... 161 Mladen Tomorad, Goran Zlodi

i Chapter IV: The reseach of the Egyptian cults in Graeco-Roman world...... 165 The Early Penetration of Ancient Egyptian Artifacts and Dissemination of the Cults of Egyptian Divinities in Istria and Illyricum (1St Millennium B.C.-1st Century A.D.)...... 167 Mladen Tomorad Isis and Her Affiliates in Dalmatia. Some Reflections on Isiac Religious Communities...... 201 Kornelija A. Giunio History of the Research of the Ancient Egyptian Cults in Pannonia...... 215 Dejan Pernjak, Danijel Štruklec, Mladen Tomorad Evidence of the Cults of Isis on the Territory of the Republic of Macedonia...... 221 Aleksandra Nikoloska

Chapter V: Bibliographies...... 229 Slovenia: Bibliographia Aegyptiacae Slovenicae (from the middle of the ninetheenth century till the end of 2012)..... 231 Compiled by Vesna Kamin Kajfež Supplemented by Mladen Tomorad and Ivana Štimac Croatia: Egyptological Bibliography (1856-2014)...... 235 Compiled by Mladen Tomorad Bosnia and Herzegovina: Egyptological Bibliography (1889-1993)...... 256 Compiled by Ivana Štimac Serbia: Egyptological and Ancient Near Eastern Bibliography (1928-2013)...... 257 Compiled by Branislav Anđelković and Milena Gošić Romania: Egyptological Bibliography (1959-2014)...... 267 Compiled by Dan Augustin Deac Bulgaria: Egyptological Bibliography (1983-2013)...... 271 Compiled by Emil Buzov Supplemented by Mladen Tomorad and Ivana Štimac

ii List of Illustrations

Fig. 1 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Zagreb mummy, inv. no. AMZ E-664, c. 1891. The photographic collection of the Archaeological museum in Zagreb. 2 Fig. 2 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Liber linteus Zagrabiensis, inv. no. AMZ E-665. Photo: F. Beusan, 2004. 2 Fig. 3 Franz Koller. The photographic collection of the Archaeological museum in Zagreb. 3 Fig. 4 Šime Ljubić. The photographic collection of the Archaeological museum in Zagreb. 3 Fig. 5 Gavro Manojlović. The photographic collection of the Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography, Zagreb. 4 Fig. 6 Grga Novak. The photographic collection of the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Zagreb. 4 Fig. 7 Petar Lisičar. The photographic collection of the Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography, Zagreb. 5 Fig. 8 Petar Selem, 2003. Photo by M. Tomorad. 5 Fig. 9 Frane Bulić. The photographic collection of the Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography, Zagreb. 7 Fig. 10 Manojlović, Gavro. Povijest Starog orijenta, Zagreb 1923. 14 Fig. 11 Novak, Grga. Egipat, Zagreb 1967. 15 Fig. 12 Uranić, Igor. Stari Egipat: povijest, književnost i umjetnost drevnih Egipćana, Zagreb 2002. 17 Fig. 13 Prof. Ignatov and Prof. Lekov in front of Cairo Museum. 21 Fig. 14 Students from New Bulgarian University in Luxor Temple. 22 Fig. 15 The Courtyard of TT 263. Luxor, West Bank. 23 Fig. 16 Josef Schwegel`s portrait in 1868 by Angeli. Photo by T. Lauko. National Museum of Slovenia. 27 Fig. 17a The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Scarabeus, inv. no. E-004av. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 32 Fig. 17b The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Scarabeus, inv. no. E-004av. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 32 Fig. 18 The Archaeological museum of Istria, Pula: Wedjet-eye amulet, inv. no. AMIP P-30337. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 32 Fig. 19 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Group of shabtis. Photo: F. Beusan. 33 Fig. 20 Dubrovnik museums, The Archaeological museum, Dubrovnik: Jewelry, inv. nos. DM 583 and 593. The photographic collection of the Archaeological museum in Dubrovnik. 33 Fig. 21 Dubrovnik museums, The Archaeological museum, Dubrovnik: The group of statuettes of various Egyptian deities. Photo: M. Tomorad, 2003. 34 Fig. 22 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Egyptian footwear, inv. no. E-191. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 35 Fig. 23 The Museum of the city, Varaždin: Badari vessel, inv. no. AO 6521. Photo M. Tomorad, 2002. 35 Fig. 24 The Museum of the city, Varaždin: Group of canopic vessels. Photo M. Tomorad, 2002. 35 Fig. 25 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Male head, inv. no. E-213. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 36 Fig. 26 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Isis with Horus, inv. no. E-735. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 36 Fig. 27 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Wooden stele, inv. no. E-568. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 37 Fig. 28 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Papyrus, inv. no. AMZ E-597. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 37 Fig. 29 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: The outside coffin of the Kaipamau, inv. no. AMZ E-687. Photo F. Beusan, 2005. 38 Fig. 30 Sphinx from the Peristil of the Diocletian palace in Split. 39 Fig. 31 Monolite stone block with the protome of Jupiter–Amon. Veliki Brijun. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 39 Fig. 32 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: The fragment with the head of Serapis from Petrovci, inv. no. A-164. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 40 Fig. 33 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: The statue of Isis from Nin, inv. no. A-34. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 41 Fig. 34 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: The Ptolemaic coin with the images of Cleopatra VII and Marcus Antonius, inv. no. AMZ B1921av. Photo M. Tomorad, 2002. 42 Fig. 35 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: The Roman coin with the images of Serapis, inv. no. AMZ C7959rv. Photo M. Tomorad, 2002. 42 Fig. 36 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: The pernament exhibition, c. 1920. 42 Fig. 37a-d The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: The pernament exhibition, c. 1970's. 44 Fig. 38 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: The pernament exhibition, c. 1990’s. 45 Fig. 39 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Isis-Fortuna from Lika, inv. no. A-4633. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 46 Fig. 40 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Ptolemy I Soter, inv. no. A3822. Photo M. Tomorad, 2002. 46 Fig. 41 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Jupiter-Ammon, minted in Alexandria, inv. no. C7945rv. Photo M. Tomorad, 2002. 46 Fig. 42 Dubrovnik museums, The Archaeological museum, Dubrovnik: The group of Egyptian artifacts during exhibition in March, 2003. Photo M. Tomorad. 47 Fig. 43 Dubrovnik museums, The Archaeological museum, Dubrovnik: The mummy in coffin, 2003. Photo M. Tomorad. 48

iii Fig. 44a-b The Archaeological museum of Istria, Pula: Stone monument with sistrum from Savudrija, inv. no. AMIP A-41. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 49 Fig. 45 The Archaeological museum of Istria, Pula: Sistrum from Nesactium (early 2nd c. B.C.), inv. no. AMIP A-5048. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 49 Fig. 46 The Archaeological museum, Zadar: Oil lamp with Serapis and Isis, from Nin, inv. no. 375. Photo K. A. Giunio. 50 Fig. 47 The Franciscan monastery, Košljun: Shabti, inv. no. AO5279. Photo M. Tomorad 2002. 51 Fig. 48 The Museum of the city, Varaždin: Stele of Mery-Mery, reign of Amenhotep III, inv. no. AO 6521. Photo M. Tomorad, 2002. 52 Fig. 49 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Vessel, Naqada II-Naqada III, inv. no. ATM 230. 60 Fig. 50 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Bowl, Naqada III-Archaic period, inv. no. ATM 231. 60 Fig. 51 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Bottle, Naqada II-Archaic period, inv. no. ATM 233. 60 Fig. 52 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Statuette of a carrier, Middle Kingdom, inv. no. ATM 243. 61 Fig. 53 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Head of and unknown pharaoh, Middle Kingdom, inv. no. ATM 229. 62 Fig. 54 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Statuette of a woman, Middle Kingdom- New Kingdom, inv. no. ATM 244. 62 Fig. 55 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Upper part of shabti figure, 18th Dynasty, inv. no. ATM 232. 63 Fig. 56 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Bowl, New Kingdom, inv. no. ATM 234. 63 Fig. 57a-b The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Scarab, New Kingdom, inv. no. ATM 236. 63 Fig. 58 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Horus, New Kingdom, inv. no. ATM 239. 64 Fig. 59 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Osiris, New Kingdom, inv. no. ATM 245. 64 Fig. 60 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Ba-bird, Third Intermediate Period, inv. no. ATM 242. 65 Fig. 61 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Osiris, Third Intermediate Period, inv. no. ATM 238. 65 Fig. 62 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Falcon Akhem, Third Intermediate Period, inv. no. ATM 241. 66 Fig. 63 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Canopic cover with the head of Duamutef, Late period, inv. no. ATM 228. 66 Fig. 64 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Horus, Late period, inv. no. ATM 237. 66 Fig. 65 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Unconventional shabti, pregnant naked African woman, New Kingdom to Graeco-Roman period, inv. no. ATM 235. 67 Fig. 66 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Figure of a woman, Graeco-Roman period, inv. no. ATM 240. 67 Fig. 67 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Apis amulet, not dated, inv. no. ATM 1376. 68 Fig. 68 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Hare amulet, not dated, inv. no. ATM 1376a. 68 Fig. 69 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Hare amulet, not dated, inv. no. ATM 1376b. 68 Fig. 70 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Anubis amulet, not dated, inv. no. ATM 1376c. 69 Fig. 71 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Bes amulet, not dated, inv. no. ATM 1376d. 69 Fig. 72 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Oil lamp on a stand, 6th century A.D., inv. no. ATM 361. 70 Fig. 73 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Oil lamp on a stand, 6th century A.D., inv. no. ATM 358. 70 Fig. 74 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Oil lamp on a stand, 7th century A.D., inv. no. ATM 359. 71 Fig. 75 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Oil lamp, 5th-7th century A.D., inv. no. ATM 357. 71 Fig. 76 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Stand, 6th century A.D., inv. no. ATM 1719. 71 Fig. 77 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Oil lamp, 6th century A.D., inv. no. ATM 356. 72 Fig. 78 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Oil lamp on a stand, 6th century A.D., inv. no. ATM 355. 72 Fig. 79 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Menasampulla, 6th century A.D., inv. no. ATM 349. 72

iv Fig. 80 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Menasampulla, 6th century A.D., inv. no. ATM 351. 73 Fig. 81 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Relief with two female saints, 5th-6th century A.D., inv. no. ATM 340. 73 Fig. 82 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Box, 5th-6th century A.D., inv. no. ATM 3582. 73 Fig. 83 The Archaeological collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Fragment of a tunique, 5th-6th century A.D., inv. no. ATM 246. 74 Fig. 84 The Glass collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Small Jug, Egypt, 2nd millennium B.C, inv. no. ATM 1337. 77 Fig. 85 The Glass collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Bead, 15th c. B.C., Egypt, inv. no. ATM 1336. 77 Fig. 86 The Glass collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Balsamarium, 15th c. B.C, Egypt, inv. no. ATM 1334. 78 Fig. 87 The Glass collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Amphoriskos, 14th c. B.C., Egypt, inv. no. ATM 1335. 79 Fig. 88 The Glass collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Alabastron, Egypt, 6th-5th c. B.C., inv. no. ATM 1340. 80 Fig. 89 The Glass collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Alabastron, Egypt, 3rd-4th c. B.C. no. ATM 1343. 80 Fig. 90 The Glass collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Amphoriskos, Greece, 5th/4th c. B.C., inv. no. ATM 1354. 81 Fig. 91 The Glass collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Amphoriskos, Greece, 5th/4th c. B.C., inv. no. ATM 1355. 81 Fig. 92 The Glass collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Oinochoe, Greece, 4th c. B.C., inv. no. ATM 1356. 82 Fig. 93 The Glass collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Small bowl, Alexandria, 1st c. B.C., inv. no. ATM 1352. 83 Fig. 94 The Glass collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Bowl, Alexandria, 1st c. A.D., inv. no. ATM 1350. 83 Fig. 95 The Glass collection, The Museum Mimara, Zagreb: Cup, Alexandria, 1st c. A.D., inv. no. ATM 1767. 84 Fig. 96 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: The latest pernament exhibition, 2005. Photo F. Beusan. 86 Fig. 97 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: The latest pernament exhibition, 2005. Photo F. Beusan. 87 Fig. 98 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: The latest pernament exhibition, 2005. Photo F. Beusan. 87 Fig. 99 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Lower part of scarcophagus with coffin of Kaipamau, inv. no. E-687. Photo F. Beusan, 2005. 88 Fig. 100 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Lower part of scarcophagus of Kaipamau, inv. no. E-687. Photo F. Beusan, 2005. 88 Fig. 101. The Museum of Slavonia, Osijek: Shu amulet, inv. no. MSO-AA-1343. 95 Fig. 102. The Museum of Slavonia, Osijek: Pedi-hor-pa-khered votive stele, inv. no. MSO-AA-2590. 96 Fig. 103. The Museum of Slavonia, Osijek: Sculpture of Osiris, inv. no. MSO-AA-1340. 97 Fig. 104. The Museum of Slavonia, Osijek: Relief plaque, inv. no. MSO-AA-1341. 97 Fig. 105. The Museum of Slavonia, Osijek: Scarab amulet, inv. no. MSO-AA-1605. 98 Fig. 106. The Museum of Slavonia, Osijek: Scarab amulet, inv. no. MSO-AA-1606. 98 Fig. 107. The Museum of Slavonia, Osijek: Dwarf Pataikos amulet, inv. no. MSO-AA-2665. 99 Fig. 108. The Museum of Slavonia, Osijek: Bes amulet, inv. no. MSO-AA-2670. 99 Fig. 109. The Museum of Slavonia, Osijek: Shabti, inv. no. MSO-AA-6243. 100 Fig. 110. The Museum of Slavonia, Osijek: Sculpture of a man, inv. no. MSO-AA-19469. 101 Fig. 111. The Museum of Slavonia, Osijek: Sculpture of Osiris, inv. no. MSO-194962. 101 Fig. 112. The Museum of Slavonia, Osijek: Scarab amulet, inv. no. MSO-AA-1432. 102 Fig. 113. The Museum of Slavonia, Osijek: Scarab amulet, inv. no. MSO-AA-1433. 102 Fig. 114. The Museum of Slavonia, Osijek: Scarab amulet, inv. no. MSO-AA-1434. 103 Fig. 115. The Museum of Slavonia, Osijek: Thoth amulet, inv. no. MSO-AA-1342. 103 Fig. 116. The Museum of Slavonia, Osijek: Hare amulet, inv. no. MSO-AA-1344. 104 Fig. 117 Map of the locations in Serbia. 107 Fig. 118. Franc Kavčič, Ptolomey II. Philadelphus, graphite, wash pen and ink drawing, 270 x 190 mm. Akademie der Bildenden Künste Wien, inv. no. 209. Photo: ©Kupferstichkabinett Akademie der Bildenden Künste, Wien. 128 Fig. 119. Franc Kavčič, Neshor with the triad of Elephantine, graphite, wash pen and ink drawing, 228 x 313 mm. Akademie der Bildenden Künste Wien, inv. no. 183. Photo: © Kupferstichkabinett Akademie der Bildenden Künste, Wien. 129 Fig. 120. Franc Kavčič, The Goddess Isis, graphite, wash pen and ink drawing, 210 x 290 mm. Akademie der Bildenden Künste Wien, inv. no. 188. Photo: © Kupferstichkabinett Akademie der Bildenden Künste, Wien. 129 Fig. 121. Franc Kavčič, The Blind harpist from ‘D’Egitto’, graphite, wash pen and ink drawing, 347 x 234 mm Akademie der Bildenden Künste Wien, inv. no. 808. Photo: © Kupferstichkabinett Akademie der Bildenden Künste, Wien. 131 Fig. 122. Franc Kavčič, The Blind harpist from ‘D’Egitto’, graphite, wash pen and ink drawing, 350 x 230 mm. Akademie der Bildenden Künste Wien, inv. no. 922. Photo: © Kupferstichkabinett Akademie der Bildenden Künste, Wien. 132

v Fig. 123. Franc Kavčič, The Blind harpist from ‘D’Egitto’, graphite, wash pen and ink drawing, 247 x 230 mm. Akademie der Bildenden Künste Wien, inv. no. 840. Photo: © Kupferstichkabinett Akademie der Bildenden Künste, Wien. 133 Fig. 124 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Shabti, from Salona, Croatia, inv. no. E-561. Photo M. Tomorad, 2005. 179 Fig. 125 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Ptolemaic coin, from Gračac, Croatia, inv. no. A3870. Photo M. Tomorad, 2002. 180 Fig. 126 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Ptolemaic coin, from Gračac, Croatia, inv. no. A3892. Photo M. Tomorad, 2002. 180 Fig. 127 The Archaeological museum, Zagreb: Ptolemaic coin, from Gračac, Croatia, inv. no. A9371. Photo M. Tomorad, 2002. 181 Fig. 128 The Archaeological museum of Istria, Pula: Sistrum, from Nesactium, Croatia, inv. no. A-5048. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 181 Fig. 129 The Archaeological museum of Istria, Pula: Neith, from unknown site in Istria, Croatia, inv. no. A-5220. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 183 Fig. 130 The Archaeological museum of Istria, Pula: Harpocrates amulet, from unknown site in Istria, Croatia, inv. no. A-5221. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 184 Fig. 131 The Archaeological museum of Istria, Pula: Apis, from unknown site in Istria, Croatia, inv. no. A-5223. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 185 Fig. 132 The Archaeological museum of Istria, Pula: Young Egyptian prince or Pharaoh in kneeling position, from unknown site in Istria, Croatia, inv. no. A-5210. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 186 Fig. 133 The Archaeological museum of Istria, Pula: Osiris, from Bale in Istria, Croatia, inv. no. A-5224. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 187 Fig. 134 The Franciscan monastery, Košljun: Shabti of lady Mehytweskhet, from Krk, Croatia, inv. no. 642. Photo M. Tomorad 2013. 188 Fig. 135 The Franciscan monastery, Košljun: Pseudoshabti, from Krk, Croatia, inv. no. 641. Photo M. Tomorad 2013. 189 Fig. 136 The Franciscan monastery, Košljun: Amulet of the cat, from Krk, Croatia, without inventory number. Photo M. Tomorad 2013. 190 Fig. 137 The Franciscan monastery, Košljun: Amulet of the cat, from Krk, Croatia, without inventory number. Photo M. Tomorad 2013. 191 Fig. 138 The Franciscan monastery, Košljun: Amulet of the cat, from Krk, Croatia, without inventory number. Photo M. Tomorad 2013. 191 Fig. 139 The Franciscan monastery, Košljun: Amulet of the cat, from Krk, Croatia, without inventory number. Photo M. Tomorad 2013. 192 Fig. 140 The Franciscan monastery, Košljun: Amulet of the cat, from Krk, Croatia, without inventory number. Photo M. Tomorad 2013. 192 Fig. 141 The Franciscan monastery, Košljun: Scarab, from Krk, Croatia, without inventory number. Photo M. Tomorad 2013. 193 Fig. 142 The Franciscan monastery, Košljun: Scarab, from Krk, Croatia, without inventory number. Photo M. Tomorad 2013. 194 Fig. 143 The Franciscan monastery, Košljun: Scarab, from Krk, Croatia, without inventory number. Photo M. Tomorad 2013. 195 Fig. 144 The Archaeological museum of Istria, Pula: Marble fragment of a head relief depicting the Egyptian goddess Hathor, from Arena in Pula, 1st c. A.D., inv. no. A-8712. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 195 Fig. 145 The Archaeological museum of Istria, Pula: Isis-Fortuna, from Savudrija, Croatia, inv. no. A-4620. Photo M. Tomorad, 2004. 196 Fig. 146 Lamp with the representation of Isis and Serapis from Aenona. 201 Fig. 147 Lamp with the representation of Harpokrates from Aenona. 202 Fig. 148 Bust of Isis from Salona. 204 Fig. 149 Bust of Serapis from Salona. 204 Fig. 150 Cover of the sarcophagus of Aurelius Satrius and Aurelia Maxima from Salona. Photo T. Seser, Arheološki muzej u Splitu. 205 Fig. 151 Left medallion, cover of the sarcophagus of Aurelius Satrius and Aurelia Maxima from Salona. Photo T. Seser, Arheološki muzej u Splitu. 205 Fig. 152 Right medallion, cover of the sarcophagus of Aurelius Satrius and Aurelia Maxima from Salona, left medallion representing Aurelius Satrius. Photo T. Seser, Arheološki muzej u Splitu. 205 Fig. 153 Central meallion with inscription, cover of the sarcophagus of Aurelius Satrius and Aurelia Maxima from Salona, right medallion representing Aurelia Maxima. Photo T. Seser, Arheološki muzej u Splitu. 206

vi Fig.154 Votive altar dedicated to Isis and Serapis, Liber and Libera from Iader, front side. Photo Museo archeologico Maffeiano, Verona, Italy. 206 Fig. 155 Votive altar dedicated to Isis and Serapis, Liber and Libera from Iader, left lateral side. Photo Museo archeologico Maffeiano, Verona, Italy. 207 Fig. 156 Votive altar dedicated to Isis and Serapis, Liber and Libera from Iader, right lateral side. Photo Museo archeologico Maffeiano, Verona, Italy. 207 Fig. 157 Votive altar dedicated to Isis and Serapis, Liber and Libera from Iader, back side. Photo Museo archeologico Maffeiano, Verona, Italy. 208 Fig. 158 Marble statue of Isis from Aenona. Photo I. Krajcar, Arheološki muzej u Zagrebu. 208 Fig. 159 Bust of Isis from Narona. Photo T. Glučina, Arheološki muzej Narona, Vid. 209 Fig. 160 Sphinx of black granite from the 18th Dynasty on the Peristyle of the Diocletian’s palace in Split. 210 Fig. 161 Bronze bust of Isis from Gramadište. 222 Fig. 162 Bronze figure of Isis Fortuna from Gramadište. 223 Fig. 163 Bronze applique of Serapis from Gramadište. 224 Fig. 164 Marble sculpture of Isis from Ohrid. Photo M. Tomorad, 2013. 224 Fig. 165 Marble sculpture of Isis from Ohrid. Photo M. Tomorad, 2013. 225 Fig. 166 Bronze statuette of Harpocrates from Heraclea Lyncestis. 225 Fig. 167 Bronze statuette of Isis Fortuna from Prilep. 225 Fig. 168 Inscription from Stobi. 226 Fig. 169 Marble head of Serapis from Stobi. 226 Fig. 170 Reverse of a coin from Stobi. 227 Fig. 171 Reverse of a coin from Stobi. 227 Table 1. Egyptian and ‘Aegyptiaca’ artifacts discovered in Istria and Illyricum (1st millenium B.C.- early 2nd c. A.D.) 170

vii