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Sumo Manga by P.M.B.Q

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Sumo Manga by P.M.B.Q YOI-SHO!! What the audience shouts when the wrestlers kick their leg up and stomp the ground. www.sakuraofamerica.com ©Sumo Manga by P.M.B.Q. Studios Table of Contents Table 1 History of Nihon Sumo Kyokai History of 2 Banzuke: The Offi cial Sumo Ranking Record Nihon Sumo Kyokai 3 The Ranking Pyramid 4 Sumo Attire 5 Basho: Offi cial Tournament Competition 6 Dohyo: The Sumo Ring 7 Traditional Ceremonies 9 Gyoji and Judges 10 Sumo Wrestling Begins 11 Tournament Rules 12 Words to Know Sumo is an ancient sport dating patron for sumo wrestling, back some 1500 years. The fi rst and established the fi rst rules sumo matches were a form of ritual and techniques. dedicated to the gods along with prayers for a bountiful harvest. During a long period of warfare, Together with ritual dancing and the military trained soldiers in dramas, sumo was performed in sumo, and jujitsu was formed by religious shrines. the samurai as an off shoot of sumo. When peace was fi nally In the Nara Period in the 8th restored in 1603, a period of Century, sumo wrestling became prosperity grew, and the merchant History of Nihon Sumo Kyokai an annual festival which included classes organized professional wrestling matches and the winning sumo groups for their entertainment, sumo wrestlers participated in music and has further developed into the and dancing celebrations. The sumo wrestling sport enjoyed in Imperial Court was the sponsor or modern times. 1 Banzuke: The Official The Ranking Sumo Ranking Record Pyramid Today there are No weight limits exist in sumo The lower ranks, Sandanme (san- about 800 rikishi wrestling, so a rikishi (wrestler) dan-me), Jonidan (jo-ni-dan), and (wrestlers) in could face an opponent that Jonokuchi (jo-no-kuchi) do not weighs twice as much as his own wrestle each day of a tournament. professional sumo from weight. It takes strength and the highest ranking speed of the lower body, including yokozuna to the Grand Champion: balance and technique to win a Yokozuna (yo-ko-zuna) beginner level trainees. wrestling match. The Yokozuna title, or grand champion, was created three There are a total of 10 ranks of Nihon Sumo Kyokai, hundred years ago, and has been professional sumo rikishi (wrestlers). the offi cial sumo held by only 69 rikishi as of 2007. The top fi ve ranks are considered wrestling organization Once a rikishi becomes a yokozuna, he the upper division, and are made can never be demoted, even if he of Japan, issues a up of highly experienced sumo loses in a tournament competition. ranking list of all the wrestlers. It is the goal of a sumo He determines when it is time to retire rikishi which is called wrestler to move up in ranks, from competing in tournaments. which is accomplished with the banzuke. The yokozuna is an honored rank, training, competing and winning and the rikishi that holds this rank in tournaments. The banzuke is hand not only is the most capable wrestler, printed in ancient but is a symbol of high ethical calligraphy with the Top Five Ranks behavior and demonstrates the The top fi ve ranks are referred to highest ranking rikishi true nature of a grand champion as the Maku-uchi group, and sumo wrestler. at the top of the list in contain about 40 experienced sumo bold large characters. wrestlers that have trained and The calligraphy competed to work their way up. characters get progressively The names of these rikishi smaller as the ranking decreases are printed in bold letters at the very top of the banzuke. to the lower levels. Yokozuna Banzuke: The Offi cial Sumo Ranking Record cial Sumo Ranking Record Banzuke: The Offi The rikishi (wrestlers) in MAKU-UCHI Ozeki Writing in characters to create the the Maku-uchi group banzuke is an ancient tradition starting with the highest Sekiwake upheld by the professional sumo rank are: Komusubi organization. When rikishi rise to Maegashira 1. Yokozuna the upper ranks, special (grand champion) Juryou announcements and ceremonies 2. Ozeki Makushita The Ranking Pyramid are conducted by the organization. 3. Sekiwake Sandanme 4. Komusubi Jononidan 5. Maegashira Jonokuchi 2 3 Basho: Official Sumo Attire Tournament Competition The rikishi (wrestler) wears a The yokozuna, (grand champion Nihon Sumo Kyokai, is the Awards hair design and a loin cloth style rikishi), wears both a kesho-mawashi, offi cial organization of sumo There are four awards that are wrestling garment that is determined and a 25 to 35 pound hemp rope wrestling, and oversees the presented on the last day of the by his rank. These styles honor the belt. The belt is tied in a large single national sport of Japan. Sumo Basho. The rikishi that has the long standing ancient customs of bow in the back. A zigzag patterned wrestlers honor the origins of best record of wins over losses is sumo wrestling. paper ornament hangs in the front sumo wrestling by observing awarded the ultimate trophy, the from the belt. This zigzag pattern ancient traditions and ceremonies Emperor’s Cup. Hair Design is a religious symbol of Japan during their training, and when The ranks below the juryou rank found in Shinto shrines and used in they participate in the offi cial The rikishi (wrestler) that wins at wear a hair style called chon-mage; shrines in Japanese homes. sumo tournaments. Six Grand least eight of his fi fteen matches a plain style tied with paper strings. Tournaments, or Basho, a year are is eligible for shukunsho, The rikishi of the maku-uchi (upper held in Japan; three in its capital, kantosho and ginosho awards. 5 divisions) and the juryou ranks Tokyo, and one each in the cities The shukunsho is awarded to the wear a hair style that is called the of Osaka, Nagoya and Kyushu. rikishi that upset the most o-icho-mage, which is more elaborate yokozuna (grand champions) and and resembles the ginko leaf. The fi fteen day Basho allows ozeki (champions). The kantosho the rikishi of higher ranks to fi ght award is given to the rikishi that Wrestling Garment once per day. The winners and has the best fi ghting spirit. And The rikishi loin cloth is called a losers are tracked just as college the ginosho is an award for the mawashi, and the cloth is about basketball tournaments. A chart best wrestling technique. 10 yards long by 2 feet wide. It is in the tournament program helps folded in six and then wrapped spectators to organize the winners around the waist of the rikishi four of the matches. to seven times depending on the size of the rikishi’s waist. Different types of mawashi are worn for training and for tournaments. Basho: Offi cial Tournament Competition Basho: Offi During the sumo tournaments, maku-uchi rikishi (the fi ve upper ranked rikishi) wear kesho-awashi or ceremonial aprons which are more elaborate and display special symbols in the materials. These aprons are made of silk, embroidered with special designs and hemmed Sumo Attire Sumo Attire with gold fringe. (top): Presentation of Sakura Cup (bottom): 2007 Hawaii Grand Sumo Tournament 4 5 Dohyo: Traditional The Sumo Ring Ceremonies Aka-Busa Shiro-Busa (Red Tassel) MUKO-JOMEN (White Tassel) (SOUTH) A tournament begins with the yokozuna enters the arena. dohyo-iri or “entering the ring” Mizu-Oke Mizuhaki-Guchi (Water Bucket) ceremony. The maku-uchi rikishi The yokozuna is escorted by a senior (the fi ve upper ranked sumo gyoji (referee), and two maku-uchi Shio-Kago (Salt Basket) wrestlers) participate in the dohyo- rikishi. The rikishi are in full ceremonial Toku-Dawara iri and wear their kesho-mawashi dress with one bearing a sword, EAST WEST or ceremonial aprons. These a symbol that represents samurai Janomeno-Suna Shikiri-Sen wrestlers are divided up into East warriors. The gyoji and two (Bull’s Eye Ring) and West groups and are in order attendants crouch in the dohyo, as DOHYO by their ranking. Maegashira (5th) the yokozuna prepares to perform and Komusubi (4th) ranks, followed the dohyo-iri ceremony. by the more experienced ranks of SHOMEN Ao-Busa (NORTH) Kuro-Busa Sekiwake (3rd) and Ozeki (2nd). This solemn ritual is a tradition (Green Tassel) (Black Tassel) that all yokozuna uphold in a The dohyo is specially constructed The direction bearings, East, West, Opening Ceremony: dignifi ed respectful manner. You by hand and takes one week to North and South, are important to Dohyo-Iri will see the yokozuna stand in an build. The dohyo stands 2 feet the design of the dohyo. East and West Yokozunas Perform upright position with his knees high and is 18 feet square. It is Each of the East and West groups bent and on his toes. He loudly made of special clay found in and A giant colored tassel hangs on of maku-uchi rikishi are represented claps his hands together to attract transported from Japan and has a each corner of the Shinto roof. by a head yokozuna. An entering the attention of the gods. He then thin top layer of sand. Each color signifi es a season of the ring ceremony or dohyo-iri is extends his arms wide, and opens the year. White signifi es autumn, done by both East and West his palms to demonstrate that he The inner circle where the wrestling black is winter, green is spring and yokozunas. The ceremony carries no weapons. takes place is 15 feet in diameter. red is summer. The white and red begins when the East group’s There is a traditional blessing tassels hang on the south side of of the dohyo ceremony led by a the roof, and the green and black Dohyo-Matsuri who buries grains tassels hang on the north side.
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