In the Studio: the Role of Recording Techniques in Rock Music (2006)
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Producing an a Cappella CD and Development of a Pitch Detection Program
A Guide to Producing An A Cappella CD and Development of a Pitch Detection Program A Senior Project submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the Bachelor of Arts Degree in Liberal Arts and Engineering Studies By Jacob Ray Stringfellow Liberal Arts and Engineering Studies Department College of Engineering California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo Spring Quarter, 2012 Abstract An in-depth look at the steps required to produce a CD for an a cappella group. From what microphone and preamplifiers to use, to what steps to take during the editing, mixing, and mastering processes. Finished with a look at pitch detection algorithms and how they work, and a little bit of experimentation with my own algorithm and program. 1. Introduction We live in a world that is filled with music. This music comes in different varieties ranging from hip-hop and rap to country and classical. One genre of music that seems to be on the rise now a day is that of a cappella, or singing without instruments. With shows such as America’s Got Talent showcasing collegiate a cappella groups, and shows like the Sing Off that focus on a cappella singing, it seems that collegiate a cappella groups are reaching a peak in popularity. With a cappella groups being formed, and music being performed, there is also a rising demand to record their music. This presents an interesting challenge. Getting your a cappella group’s song recorded professionally can be costly, and on college student budgets it can be hard to afford. That being said, I suggest that there is a solution to this problem. -
UC Riverside UC Riverside Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UC Riverside UC Riverside Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Sonic Retro-Futures: Musical Nostalgia as Revolution in Post-1960s American Literature, Film and Technoculture Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/65f2825x Author Young, Mark Thomas Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Sonic Retro-Futures: Musical Nostalgia as Revolution in Post-1960s American Literature, Film and Technoculture A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English by Mark Thomas Young June 2015 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Sherryl Vint, Chairperson Dr. Steven Gould Axelrod Dr. Tom Lutz Copyright by Mark Thomas Young 2015 The Dissertation of Mark Thomas Young is approved: Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS As there are many midwives to an “individual” success, I’d like to thank the various mentors, colleagues, organizations, friends, and family members who have supported me through the stages of conception, drafting, revision, and completion of this project. Perhaps the most important influences on my early thinking about this topic came from Paweł Frelik and Larry McCaffery, with whom I shared a rousing desert hike in the foothills of Borrego Springs. After an evening of food, drink, and lively exchange, I had the long-overdue epiphany to channel my training in musical performance more directly into my academic pursuits. The early support, friendship, and collegiality of these two had a tremendously positive effect on the arc of my scholarship; knowing they believed in the project helped me pencil its first sketchy contours—and ultimately see it through to the end. -
Frank Zappa and His Conception of Civilization Phaze Iii
University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--Music Music 2018 FRANK ZAPPA AND HIS CONCEPTION OF CIVILIZATION PHAZE III Jeffrey Daniel Jones University of Kentucky, [email protected] Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.13023/ETD.2018.031 Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Jones, Jeffrey Daniel, "FRANK ZAPPA AND HIS CONCEPTION OF CIVILIZATION PHAZE III" (2018). Theses and Dissertations--Music. 108. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/music_etds/108 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Music at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations--Music by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. I understand that I am solely responsible for obtaining any needed copyright permissions. I have obtained needed written permission statement(s) from the owner(s) of each third-party copyrighted matter to be included in my work, allowing electronic distribution (if such use is not permitted by the fair use doctrine) which will be submitted to UKnowledge as Additional File. I hereby grant to The University of Kentucky and its agents the irrevocable, non-exclusive, and royalty-free license to archive and make accessible my work in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I agree that the document mentioned above may be made available immediately for worldwide access unless an embargo applies. -
Inclusion in the Recording Studio? Gender and Race/Ethnicity of Artists, Songwriters & Producers Across 900 Popular Songs from 2012-2020
Inclusion in the Recording Studio? Gender and Race/Ethnicity of Artists, Songwriters & Producers across 900 Popular Songs from 2012-2020 Dr. Stacy L. Smith, Dr. Katherine Pieper, Marc Choueiti, Karla Hernandez & Kevin Yao March 2021 INCLUSION IN THE RECORDING STUDIO? EXAMINING POPULAR SONGS USC ANNENBERG INCLUSION INITIATIVE @Inclusionists WOMEN ARE MISSING IN POPULAR MUSIC Prevalence of Women Artists across 900 Songs, in percentages 28.1 TOTAL NUMBER 25.1 OF ARTISTS 1,797 22.7 21.9 22.5 20.9 20.2 RATIO OF MEN TO WOMEN 16.8 17.1 3.6:1 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17 ‘18 ‘19 ‘20 FOR WOMEN, MUSIC IS A SOLO ACTIVITY Across 900 songs, percentage of women out of... 21.6 30 7.1 7.3 ALL INDIVIDUAL DUOS BANDS ARTISTS ARTISTS (n=388) (n=340) (n=9) (n=39) WOMEN ARE PUSHED ASIDE AS PRODUCERS THE RATIO OF MEN TO WOMEN PRODUCERS ACROSS 600 POPULAR SONGS WAS 38 to 1 © DR. STACY L. SMITH WRITTEN OFF: FEW WOMEN WORK AS SONGWRITERS Songwriter gender by year... 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 TOTAL 11% 11.7% 12.7% 13.7% 13.3% 11.5% 11.6% 14.4% 12.9% 12.6% 89% 88.3% 87.3% 86.3% 86.7% 88.5% 88.4% 85.6% 87.1% 87.4% WOMEN ARE MISSING IN THE MUSIC INDUSTRY Percentage of women across three creative roles... .% .% .% ARE ARE ARE ARTISTS SONGWRITERS PRODUCERS VOICES HEARD: ARTISTS OF COLOR ACROSS SONGS Percentage of artists of color by year... 59% 55.6% 56.1% 51.9% 48.7% 48.4% 38.4% 36% 46.7% 31.2% OF ARTISTS WERE PEOPLE OF COLOR ACROSS SONGS FROM ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17 ‘18 ‘19 ‘20 © DR. -
Grabación, Producción Y Finalización De Un Producto Discográfico En Dolby 5.1 Conteniendo Dos Géneros Disímiles
GRABACIÓN, PRODUCCIÓN Y FINALIZACIÓN DE UN PRODUCTO DISCOGRÁFICO EN DOLBY 5.1 CONTENIENDO DOS GÉNEROS DISÍMILES CARLOS MARIO BENÍTEZ HOYOS ANDRÉS FELIPE RAMOS LÓPEZ PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD JAVERIANA FACULTAD DE ARTES CARRERA DE ESTUDIOS MUSICALES BOGOTÁ 2009 GRABACIÓN, PRODUCCIÓN Y FINALIZACIÓN DE UN PRODUCTO DISCOGRÁFICO EN DOLBY 5.1 CONTENIENDO DOS GÉNEROS DISÍMILES CARLOS MARIO BENÍTEZ HOYOS ANDRÉS FELIPE RAMOS LÓPEZ Proyecto de grado presentado para optar el título de MAESTRO EN MÚSICA CON ÉNFASIS EN INGENIERÍA DE SONIDO Director RICARDO ESCALLÓN GAVIRIA Ingeniero de Sonido PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD JAVERIANA FACULTAD DE ARTES CARRERA DE ESTUDIOS MUSICALES BOGOTÁ 2009 4 CONTENIDO INTRODUCCIÓN JUSTIFICACIÓN OBJETIVOS 1. SUSTENTO DEL MATERIAL ARTÍSTICO DESDE EL CONCEPTO WALL OF SOUND ...............................................................p.13 2. LAS DIVERSAS FORMAS DE CREACIÓN DE WALL OF SOUND……..p.17 3. ARTISTAS Y ESTILOS DEL SIGLO XX INVOLUCRADOS………………p.23 4. BREVE HISTORIA DEL SONIDO ENVOLVENTE (SURROUND 5.1)…………………………………………..p.35 5. CONCEPTOS DE INGENIERÍA APLICADOS A GRABACIÓN Y MEZCLA SURROUND………………………………………………………..p.38 6. ANÁLISIS DE DISCOGRAFÍAS……………………………………………..p.48 7. BITÁCORA DE GRABACIÓN Y PRODUCCIÓN…………………………..p.68 8. PROCESO DE EDICIÓN DEL REPERTORIO CLÁSICO……………… p.106 9. DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LOS PROCESOS DE MEZCLA……….p.112 10. CONCLUSIONES…………………………………………………………….p.124 11. BIBLIOGRAFÍA……………………………………………………………….p.128 5 INTRODUCCIÓN Las convenciones de la industria musical, en donde los arreglos, la instrumentación y el diseño general de una pieza, se producen en serie bajo un esquema determinado por el objetivo único de alcanzar afinidad en un mercado o grupo especifico, con fines claramente comerciales, han mostrado formas preconcebidas de cómo elaborar un material discográfico en todas sus etapas. -
Sound FX Unlocking the Creative Potential of Recording Studio Effects
Sound FX Unlocking the Creative Potential of Recording Studio Effects Alexander U. Case AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON NEW YORK • OXFORD • PARIS • SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO Focal Press is an Imprint of Elsevier FFM-K52032.inddM-K52032.indd iiiiii 55/30/2007/30/2007 110:25:100:25:10 AAMM FFM-K52032.inddM-K52032.indd iivv 55/30/2007/30/2007 110:25:100:25:10 AAMM For Dolores and Joe who taught me how to learn and showed me I could teach. FFM-K52032.inddM-K52032.indd v 55/30/2007/30/2007 110:25:100:25:10 AAMM FFM-K52032.inddM-K52032.indd vvii 55/30/2007/30/2007 110:25:100:25:10 AAMM Contents Acknowledgements xv Introduction xix Section 1: Sound — Signals, Systems, and Sensation 1 Chapter 1: Audio Waveform 3 1.1 Medium 3 1.2 Amplitude versus Time 4 1.2.1 Amplitude Confusions 6 1.2.2 Time Implications 8 1.3 Amplitude versus Distance 9 1.4 Amplitude versus Frequency 10 1.5 Complex Waves 12 1.5.1 Square Waves 15 1.5.2 Sawtooth Waves 16 1.5.3 Triangle Waves 19 1.6 Decibel 19 1.6.1 Logarithm 21 1.6.2 Ratios 24 1.6.3 References 29 1.6.4 Zero Decibels 31 1.6.5 Negative Decibels 32 1.7 Dynamic Range 32 1.8 Sound Misconceptions 35 1.8.1 Mistaking the Message for the Medium 35 1.8.2 Don’t Picture These Sketches 35 Chapter 2: Signal Flow 39 2.1 Types of Sessions 39 2.1.1 Basics 40 2.1.2 Overdubs 42 2.1.3 Mixdown 45 2.1.4 Live to Two 46 2.2 Console Signal Flow 47 2.2.1 Channel Path 48 vii FFM-K52032.inddM-K52032.indd vviiii 55/30/2007/30/2007 110:25:100:25:10 AAMM Contents 2.2.2 Monitor Path 48 2.2.3 Split Console -
Dec. 22, 2015 Snd. Tech. Album Arch
SOUND TECHNIQUES RECORDING ARCHIVE (Albums recorded and mixed complete as well as partial mixes and overdubs where noted) Affinity-Affinity S=Trident Studio SOHO, London. (TRACKED AND MIXED: SOUND TECHNIQUES A-RANGE) R=1970 (Vertigo) E=Frank Owen, Robin Geoffrey Cable P=John Anthony SOURCE=Ken Scott, Discogs, Original Album Liner Notes Albion Country Band-Battle of The Field S=Sound Techniques Studio Chelsea, London. (TRACKED AND MIXED: SOUND TECHNIQUES A-RANGE) S=Island Studio, St. Peter’s Square, London (PARTIAL TRACKING) R=1973 (Carthage) E=John Wood P=John Wood SOURCE: Original Album liner notes/Discogs Albion Dance Band-The Prospect Before Us S=Sound Techniques Studio Chelsea, London. (PARTIALLY TRACKED. MIXED: SOUND TECHNIQUES A-RANGE) S=Olympic Studio #1 Studio, Barnes, London (PARTIAL TRACKING) R=Mar.1976 Rel. (Harvest) @ Sound Techniques, Olympic: Tracks 2,5,8,9 and 14 E= Victor Gamm !1 SOUND TECHNIQUES RECORDING ARCHIVE (Albums recorded and mixed complete as well as partial mixes and overdubs where noted) P=Ashley Hutchings and Simon Nicol SOURCE: Original Album liner notes/Discogs Alice Cooper-Muscle of Love S=Sunset Sound Recorders Hollywood, CA. Studio #2. (TRACKED: SOUND TECHNIQUES A-RANGE) S=Record Plant, NYC, A&R Studio NY (OVERDUBS AND MIX) R=1973 (Warner Bros) E=Jack Douglas P=Jack Douglas and Jack Richardson SOURCE: Original Album liner notes, Discogs Alquin-The Mountain Queen S= De Lane Lea Studio Wembley, London (TRACKED AND MIXED: SOUND TECHNIQUES A-RANGE) R= 1973 (Polydor) E= Dick Plant P= Derek Lawrence SOURCE: Original Album Liner Notes, Discogs Al Stewart-Zero She Flies S=Sound Techniques Studio Chelsea, London. -
21065L Audio Tutorial
a Using The Low-Cost, High Performance ADSP-21065L Digital Signal Processor For Digital Audio Applications Revision 1.0 - 12/4/98 dB +12 0 -12 Left Right Left EQ Right EQ Pan L R L R L R L R L R L R L R L R 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Mic High Line L R Mid Play Back Bass CNTR 0 0 3 4 Input Gain P F R Master Vol. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Authors: John Tomarakos Dan Ledger Analog Devices DSP Applications 1 Using The Low Cost, High Performance ADSP-21065L Digital Signal Processor For Digital Audio Applications Dan Ledger and John Tomarakos DSP Applications Group, Analog Devices, Norwood, MA 02062, USA This document examines desirable DSP features to consider for implementation of real time audio applications, and also offers programming techniques to create DSP algorithms found in today's professional and consumer audio equipment. Part One will begin with a discussion of important audio processor-specific characteristics such as speed, cost, data word length, floating-point vs. fixed-point arithmetic, double-precision vs. single-precision data, I/O capabilities, and dynamic range/SNR capabilities. Comparisions between DSP's and audio decoders that are targeted for consumer/professional audio applications will be shown. Part Two will cover example algorithmic building blocks that can be used to implement many DSP audio algorithms using the ADSP-21065L including: Basic audio signal manipulation, filtering/digital parametric equalization, digital audio effects and sound synthesis techniques. TABLE OF CONTENTS 0. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................................4 1. -
TA-1VP Vocal Processor
D01141720C TA-1VP Vocal Processor OWNER'S MANUAL IMPORTANT SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ªª For European Customers CE Marking Information a) Applicable electromagnetic environment: E4 b) Peak inrush current: 5 A CAUTION: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT REMOVE COVER (OR BACK). NO USER- Disposal of electrical and electronic equipment SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE. REFER SERVICING TO (a) All electrical and electronic equipment should be QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL. disposed of separately from the municipal waste stream via collection facilities designated by the government or local authorities. The lightning flash with arrowhead symbol, within equilateral triangle, is intended to (b) By disposing of electrical and electronic equipment alert the user to the presence of uninsulated correctly, you will help save valuable resources and “dangerous voltage” within the product’s prevent any potential negative effects on human enclosure that may be of sufficient health and the environment. magnitude to constitute a risk of electric (c) Improper disposal of waste electrical and electronic shock to persons. equipment can have serious effects on the The exclamation point within an equilateral environment and human health because of the triangle is intended to alert the user to presence of hazardous substances in the equipment. the presence of important operating and (d) The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) maintenance (servicing) instructions in the literature accompanying the appliance. symbol, which shows a wheeled bin that has been crossed out, indicates that electrical and electronic equipment must be collected and disposed of WARNING: TO PREVENT FIRE OR SHOCK separately from household waste. HAZARD, DO NOT EXPOSE THIS APPLIANCE TO RAIN OR MOISTURE. -
Equalization
CHAPTER 3 Equalization 35 The most intuitive effect — OK EQ is EZ U need a Hi EQ IQ MIX SMART QUICK START: Equalization GOALS ■ Fix spectral problems such as rumble, hum and buzz, pops and wind, proximity, and hiss. ■ Fit things into the mix by leveraging of any spectral openings available and through complementary cuts and boosts on spectrally competitive tracks. ■ Feature those aspects of each instrument that players and music fans like most. GEAR ■ Master the user controls for parametric, semiparametric, program, graphic, shelving, high-pass and low-pass filters. ■ Choose the equalizer with the capabilities you need, focusing particularly on the parameters, slopes, and number of bands available. Home stereos have tone controls. We in the studio get equalizers. Perhaps bet- ter described as a “spectral modifier” or “frequency-specific amplitude adjuster,” the equalizer allows the mix engineer to increase or decrease the level of specific frequency ranges within a signal. Having an equalizer is like having multiple volume knobs for a single track. Unlike the volume knob that attenuates or boosts an entire signal, the equalizer is the tool used to turn down or turn up specific frequency portions of any audio track . Out of all signal-processing tools that we use while mixing and tracking, EQ is probably the easiest, most intuitive to use—at first. Advanced applications of equalization, however, demand a deep understanding of the effect and all its Mix Smart. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 36 Mix Smart possibilities. Don't underestimate the intellectual challenge and creative poten- tial of this essential mix processor. -
Recording and Amplifying of the Accordion in Practice of Other Accordion Players, and Two Recordings: D
CA1004 Degree Project, Master, Classical Music, 30 credits 2019 Degree of Master in Music Department of Classical music Supervisor: Erik Lanninger Examiner: Jan-Olof Gullö Milan Řehák Recording and amplifying of the accordion What is the best way to capture the sound of the acoustic accordion? SOUNDING PART.zip - Sounding part of the thesis: D. Scarlatti - Sonata D minor K 141, V. Trojan - The Collapsed Cathedral SOUND SAMPLES.zip – Sound samples Declaration I declare that this thesis has been solely the result of my own work. Milan Řehák 2 Abstract In this thesis I discuss, analyse and intend to answer the question: What is the best way to capture the sound of the acoustic accordion? It was my desire to explore this theme that led me to this research, and I believe that this question is important to many other accordionists as well. From the very beginning, I wanted the thesis to be not only an academic material but also that it can be used as an instruction manual, which could serve accordionists and others who are interested in this subject, to delve deeper into it, understand it and hopefully get answers to their questions about this subject. The thesis contains five main chapters: Amplifying of the accordion at live events, Processing of the accordion sound, Recording of the accordion in a studio - the specifics of recording of the accordion, Specific recording solutions and Examples of recording and amplifying of the accordion in practice of other accordion players, and two recordings: D. Scarlatti - Sonata D minor K 141, V. Trojan - The Collasped Cathedral. -
2011 – Cincinnati, OH
Society for American Music Thirty-Seventh Annual Conference International Association for the Study of Popular Music, U.S. Branch Time Keeps On Slipping: Popular Music Histories Hosted by the College-Conservatory of Music University of Cincinnati Hilton Cincinnati Netherland Plaza 9–13 March 2011 Cincinnati, Ohio Mission of the Society for American Music he mission of the Society for American Music Tis to stimulate the appreciation, performance, creation, and study of American musics of all eras and in all their diversity, including the full range of activities and institutions associated with these musics throughout the world. ounded and first named in honor of Oscar Sonneck (1873–1928), early Chief of the Library of Congress Music Division and the F pioneer scholar of American music, the Society for American Music is a constituent member of the American Council of Learned Societies. It is designated as a tax-exempt organization, 501(c)(3), by the Internal Revenue Service. Conferences held each year in the early spring give members the opportunity to share information and ideas, to hear performances, and to enjoy the company of others with similar interests. The Society publishes three periodicals. The Journal of the Society for American Music, a quarterly journal, is published for the Society by Cambridge University Press. Contents are chosen through review by a distinguished editorial advisory board representing the many subjects and professions within the field of American music.The Society for American Music Bulletin is published three times yearly and provides a timely and informal means by which members communicate with each other. The annual Directory provides a list of members, their postal and email addresses, and telephone and fax numbers.