PHYTOLOGIA
An interna tional ou rnal to ex edite lan t s s tema tic b to eo ra bical j p p y , p y g g p and ecological publication
Vol . 74 Februar 2 y 1 993 N o .
C ON TEN TS
AN Ta n mic vervie Stem odia Scr . W NER B . L . C . CO ( TUR , C , xo o o w of ( o 1 phulariace ae ) fo r North Am erica and the We st In dies . 6
B IDGES Eriocaulon n i robracteatum Eri caul aceae Z L . . . L. OR EL , S L E R , g ( o ) ,
l rida Pan an dle i a c arac eri a i n it s a new specie s from the F o h , w th h t z t o of 1 04 poor fen h abit at .
- I I Dist ribuc1on ec l ia de Pinus ohann is ARCIA A. , A. M . F . PASS N , y o og j
- 1 25 M . F . Robert .
l aceae r m Oa aca ic . UDEN R . W. New s ecie of Echean dia i i R , , p s (L ) f o x , Méx o 128
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. w e s ecies Acourtia. As eraceae Mutisieae URNER B . L A ne sca , , pos p of ( t , )
fr m Be 138 o lize .
ra n a E edrac ae r m We ENDT T . A n ew varie E hed torre a , , ty of p y ( ph e ) f o st '
Te as an d i ua u a i n e on bridi a i n in the E . torre an a x Ch h h , w th ot s hy z t o y
c 14 1 om plex .
w u Br m eliacea SPEN . . M acin aea a ne en CE M A L. B . S ITH R , , , g s of o e “ R Tillan s 1 5 1 ( d ioideae ) .
T a U NE B . L r a uil . A new ecie Sen ecio As eraceae r m n r n C R R , , sp s of ( t ) f o o the o h , i 1 1 Méx co . 6
TURNE B n r R . L. Two n ew eci Poli m in tha Lam iaceae fr m J , , sp es of o ( ) o o th
ea ern ic 1 64 st Méx o .
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TAXONOMIC OVERVIEW OF STEMODIA ( SCROPHULARIACEAE) FOR NORTHAMERICA AND THE WEST INDIES
Turn r lar C . C an Billie L . e 85 C k ow
v r i T a Au in Te a 78713 U . S. A. Departm ent of Bot any, Uni e s ty of ex s , st , x s
ABSTRACT
A taxonomic study of the species of Stem odia occurring in North
vent n i s are rec Am erica an d the West Indies is rendered. Se ee spec e
Th in lu d Stemodia an ulata ognized as native within this region . ese c e g ,
li . uti hia ens . uile is . dum n ti o a S r S. barts ioides, S. c p is, S coah ns , S f , f d n a n tha . maritime . m ulti a case, S. jorullensis, S. la ata, S. m cm , S , S fi ,
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. alm eri . edunculan s . usilla S. schottu S. t nui olia and S . S p , S p , S p , , e f ,
erti illat t tem odia coahuilens is an d . m ulti da hi h v c a. Excep for S S fi , w c are curren tly un der revision by D avid Keil as part of his concept of the
nu Leucos a ke to i d ri ti n di tributi nal m a ge s pom , y spec es , esc p o s , s o ps , w i t a vi . ne e and comple e syn onymy for e ch of these is pro ded O n spec es , m St e o d c e is . . s d. he nu Leuco o rn ia hiap ns B L Turner, i propose T ge s sp hi is treated as part of Stemodia but Schis tophm gm dis retain ed. T s has n ecessitated the followin g new combinations : Sch ist o phr agrn a
o l a L. r and St e m o dia co ah u ile n sis p yst chya (Brandegee ) B . Turne
Turner .
KEY WO D : S r ularia a Leu cos ora chisto hra m a Ste R S c oph ce e , p , S p g ,
m odia
Stem odia b l n the amil cr ularia a ub amil Antirrhinoideae e o gs to f y S oph ce e , s f y ,
rib Gratioleae re it has b n vari u l a d i h r as a ra r lar t e , whe ee o s y ccepte , e t e the ge ,
i hl variabl nu tem odia a v ha m all h g y e ge s S or as less di erse , somew t s er genus Stem odia Most early workers m ore or less took the form er st an ce Bentham 1 886 ; Wettstein 1 89 1 ) but Mino d in his revisionary ud the W rld a a d a i all ri d a n c n or st y of New o t x , r st c y reo ente t xo omi co cepts attitudes on the group by recognizing a m onotypic Stem odiacra (typified by Stem odia m aritim a an ld o t m dia t m odi v r was o er nam e f r S e o . S e a, howe e ,
ub u n l v o a ou t his s seq e t y con served o er Stem odiacra. Min d also segreg ted of i 62 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e 74(2) :61 - 1 03 Febr uary 1 993
m dia l ur n l r d m n i n ra Choda h ton ba d Ste o com p ex , fo ew y e ecte o otyp c ge e ( p y , se
t m odia erici olia un z Ha l r Lin dern ia ba d u n Stem odia upon S e f [K t e] ss e ; , se po rti illata ill r Ha l r Valeria bas d u n Stem odia tri oliata in ve c (M e ) ss e ; , e po f [L k] an r n r a Reichenbach Stem odia pratensis (Aublet) C . Cow of the p ese t t e t
m n an d Veren a ba d u n Stem odia hasslerian a Cho dat . He r ain d e t] ; , se po ) et e most of the rem ainin g New World t axa of Stem odia in his con cept of di i t m odia. o r a d he re n z d 3 1 ci Stem o a as urrin n S e S t e te , cog i e spe es of occ g h urrin in the Am ri a n r h u h the New World, thirteen of t ese occ g e c s o t of So t
Am erica. ’ Most subsequent workers Barroso 1 952; D awson 1974; D Arcy 1979; Seymour 1976 ; St andley 8: William s 1973) have continued to t reat Stem odia i br ad n in in it m the m n i r a r d n the o se se , keep g ost of o otyp c seg eg tes p opose
‘ b Minod. We al ub rib the ider vie i the c i n a y so s sc e to w w , w th ex ept o th t
w r ain d b Mino d uban i Stem odia radi ans riseb. ic as the C spec es , c G , wh h et e y in tem odia is a d as b l n n the nu heilo h llu m as r S , ccepte e o gi g to ge s C p y , fi st
r d b P nn ll In addi i n in lud in tem odia the nu p opose y e e t o , we c e S ge s
Leucos ora hi h m r n r r hav r a d as di in . in il p , w c ost ece t wo ke s e t e te st ct S ce Ke h m av (in prep . ) is currently revising Leucospora (including Schis top rag a) we h e d d not r a in ail nor m a d ci la r . t e te et , ppe , spe es of the tte We have also separated from Stem odia three recently described closely ’ - - la d . r l ia m u d . r ci 5 e i u rum D Arc . tisii F rn n Al n an d S e te spe es , q y, S e a ez o so ,
ostari ensis B . L. Turn r i i nin h in a n l r d nu D arc a c c e , pos t o g t ese ew y e ecte ge s y (Turner 85 Cowan
In um m ar r n r a m n r z v n n i Stem odia s y, the p ese t t e t e t ecogni es se e tee spec es of
as na iv in t A in r rd t e he New World north of Sou th Am erica. ( s gle eco r of S. p atens is from Trinidad is believed to be a recent introduction from the m ainland A r xi a are niz d of Sou th Am erica) . pp o m tely nineteen species recog e for S u Am ri a but h ill be r a d in a ub u n a un Turn r o th e c , t ese w t e te s seq e t cco t ( e
C an In addi t e v the ld ow tion , som e en to fifteen species ar nati e to O
W rld in o ( cluding those in the recently submerged genu s M organic R . Br . (cf.
Bar r o ke which we d not inten d to t reat .
CHROMOSOME NUMBERS
Chrom osom e counts for two New World species of Stem odia have been r r d h b in 11 da il . m . n 2 44 for S. m ulti r m an d 2 epo te , t ese e g fi (Ke , pe s co )
22 for S. verti illata v a ra . . . c (Fedoro 1 974; reported as S. p rviflo W T Aiton ) An addi i nal Old W rd m i i te od a vis os a . as b n a t o o spec es , S c Roxb h ee reported as 2 28 (Subram anian Pondm udi 1987) an d 2 n 42 (Fedorov
numb r r v rr the nu v If these e s p o e co ect , ge s is likely to pro e dibasic or
rha m ultibasic i h num b r z 1 1 an d 1: 14 if not 1: l arl pe ps , w t e s of ( C e y, addi i nal un in the nu a t o co ts ge s re sorely n eeded. Turn er Cowan : Stem odia in North Am erica an d Wes t In dies 63
GENERIC CONSIDERATIONS
alr a tem odia has b n vari u l rea d u uall in br ad As e dy noted, S ee o s y t te , s y the o
n bu t Mino d 1 9 1 8 r ain d bu t a in l ci in the now n rv d se se , ( ) et e s g e spe es co se e
hi h he all d tem odiacra P. nu tem odia i d b S. m aritim a S ge s S (typ fie y ) , w c c e
Phael ea P. Br. Br. o r a d n available en ric nam S t e te , the ext g e e , yp ( 1 756) woul d have to be applied to the 40 or m ore species that m ake up t d i tem odia r a d as m n ic num er u S em o ia Regardless , f S we e tre te o otyp , o s new com bination s under the obscure n am e Phaelypea (which is sufficiently obscure so as not to have been listed in Index Kewensis) would have to be
b a lar l m ad . nd d tem odia a ar be a m n le i a m l e I ee , S ppe s to o ophy t c sse ge ge y
m d ci avin a ndr m ara r nam l : 1 i co pose of spe es h g sy o e of ch cte s , e y ) oppos te subpinnate or pinn ately veined leaves ; 2 ) flowers axillary or in termin al spikes ; 3 ) calyx with sepals i alike and sep arate to the base; 4) corollas m ostly lav nd r ur l z m r i i ll d v l d ub 5 an r ae e e to p p e , ygo o ph c w th we e e ope t es; ) the thec labr u div r n i h ll n nn iv o the a r l al d g o s , e ge t , w t swo e co ect es , r thec e sho t y st ke ; 6 ) styles at an thesis 2-4 times as long as the stigm atic area; 7) stigm atic area nlar d an d u uall r urv d bifid ca ul m l l culicidall 4 val va e ge s y ec e , ; 8) ps e ost y o y te , v id rbi ular im as l n as id 9 d di ll a lli id o o to o c , t es o g w e; ) see s pe ce te , e pso br adl b ramidal d l ul a or not the rid arall l n v r to o y o py , eep y 8 s c te , ges p e , e e
iral the u a sp , s rf ces variously orn ate . Most of the species of Stem odia will cont ain seven or m ore of these
hara r . As n iv d h r the l r la d a n tem odia c cte s co ce e e e , c osest e te t xo to S is the nu Schis to hra m a hi is c m d hr i all h ge s p g w ch o pose of t ee spec es , of t ese native to México an d distin guished by elongate capsules with septicidal de hiscence an d d i li al r v c arac r hi c are not un d in see s w th he c g oo es , h te s w h fo the
50 or m r ci Stem odia B nd chis to hra m a u o e spe es of eyo S p g , the gen s m ost
l l r la d Stem adia mi h be Ba o a but s l a c ose y e te to g t c p , this i m ost y specul
iv . Cl arl Stem o ia t e e y, d an d its cohorts are in nee d of det ailed character an al i iall h d riv d r m m ara iv b d ys s , espec y t ose e e f o co p t e DNA studies , efore ras tic n ric r di i i n are m ad if an . is our i v ge e e spos t o s e , y It personal op nion , howe er, that Stem odia is a monophyletic assem blage whose intern al restru ct urin g might best be shown throu gh nom en clatural con st ru ctions at the infrageneric l v e el.
CHEMIC AL INVESTIGATIONS
Two W rld ci t m odia . d ran ti li e d . S S u o a L. S ar z an S New o spe es of , f ( ) w t m aritim a av r r dl b n u d in h rbal m dicin b l al l at , h e epo te y ee se e e e y oc peop es , l a in Hai i. B au hi a m hav b n m ad v e st t ec se of t s , tte pts e ee e to elucidate any acti e in r di n in h t a g e e ts t ese species . S em od ne triterpen es an d yet other com poun ds 64 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 03 February 1 993
were isolated but none of these appeared to possess especially significan t an
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Huflord et al. 1992 c W ni r et al. 1982 tiviral or cytotoxicity att ributes ( f. e ge , , an d referen ces therein ) .
TAXONOMY
m . cons erv. odia . 1 759 no Stem L ,
Cardium Sloan e 1 707 .
Erinus Miller 1 73 1 .
Stem odiacra P. Br. 1 756 .
Br . . Phaelypea P. 1 756
Matourea Aublet 1 775 .
t den osm a . den osm a . Br . 1 no A N A R 8 10 , ees
' Morgam a R. Br. 18 10 .
4 . Leucospora Nutt . 183
Chodaphyton Mino d 19 18 .
Lendn eria Minod 1 91 8 .
Valeria Minod 1918 .
Veren a Minod 1 91 8 .
Annual or r nni al h rb rubl or m all ram blin rub 3 m pe e e s , sh ets s sc g sh s to bi inna l di d i . av i or l n v r i illa im l h gh Le es oppos te ess ofte e t c te , s p e to p te y ssecte ,
l s t v d - a n d n m ub inna el in d. Fl r a illar arran l 4 ost y p y e e owe s x y, ge ( to o e , ofte d n l u e min d n d u uall in r e se y cl stered along th upper stem s for g well efi e , s y te lla ru ted i . a a ba or n arl . r p , sp kes Sepals 5 , z!: alike , sep r te to the se e y so Co o s m l ubular i blu or vi l rar l m a ll i z om or ost y t , wh te to e o et , e y so ewh t ye ow sh , yg
ie l b u uall r ub vari u l ub n i u an d ph , o es s y sho ter than the t e , o s y p esce t w tho t
i hin rar l labr u the inn r ur a n ar r a the ub u uall w t , e y g o s , e s f ce e the th o t of t e s y b An h r b arin am n estowed with elon gate hairs with spatulate apices . t e e g st e s u uall 4 an r h a abr u not l l ad a n or arall l usu s y , the the t ec e gl o s , c ose y j ce t p e , all ara d b a o a v t n the ca b rn y sep te y swollen r enl rged connecti e , less of e the e o e u n v l a 2- im as l n as the nl ar d po well de eloped st alks . Sty ar sh ft 10 t es o g e ge minu l bil b d i m a i r n the la r u uall reflexed l n r te y o e st g t c egio , tte s y , ess ofte e ect ,
or m ha in u v d . a ul v id m l m so ew t c r e , rarely m arkedly bilobed C ps es o o , ost y so e
ha l n r han id abr u val va i h u u all l ulicidal d hi n . w t o ge t w e , gl o s , 4 te w t s y oc e sce ce
S d num r u lli id br adl b ramidal d l l n i u dinall 6 - 8 ee s e o s , e pso to o y o py , eep y o g t y
l a o u r not u u u r a . Ba s c te , s ally to some extent stipit ate an d vario sly o n te se
m m b r r num a: 1 1 an d 14 r m nl i . ch o oso e e s , (f o o y 3 spec es) T i tem odia m aritim a ype spec es , S L . Turn er Cowan : Stem odia in North Am erica an d West In dies 65
KEY TO NORTH AMERICAN AND WEST IND IAN
M IA . L. SPECIES OF STE OD , S
i the lu i n Leucos ora hi has i b h i di d (w th exc s o of p , w ch two spec es ot w th ssecte ’ leaves an d both of which belong to Stem odia in the senior author s opinion ; u d TR VERS A AND E C DED NA ES at the cf. comm ents n er CON O I L X LU M end of this paper)
av l arl i la blad a rin u n the i l the v r 1 . Le es c e y pet o te , the es t pe g po pet o es to e y
- 2 base; calyx w/o bracts at the base; seeds deeply 6 8 sulcate . ( )
v al i h 1 or 2 ba al bra l d not l arl ul a . 1 . Lea es sessile; c yx w t s cteo es; see s c e y s c te
ri l m m d h rb hrubl or hru bs m l 0 . 5 2 . Suffruticose b tt e ste e e s , s ets s , ost y
h l av dr n bla B li El alvad r H ndura . 2 . 0 m hig ; e es yi g ck ; e ze , S o , o s
ti os a S. fru c
b uff u i at bas m l 2 . Annual or r nnial r rar l r pe e he s ( e y s t cose e) , ost y v 3 m high; lea es dryin g green or greenish ; widespread. ( )
3 . Perennial herbs m ostly m high .
. 7 3 Annual herbs m ostly m high . ( )
- P di b r d l . 4 . e cels ( oth flowe an fruitin g) 1 6 m m ong (5)
- - P di 4 . 4 . e cels 10 0 m m long; petioles 8 20 m m long; widespread ( 6)
- 5 . P i l 1 6 mm l n m ir u th ai m or m r ali e et o es o g; ste s h s te , e h rs 1 m long o e; J s o , h a n ic xi . M o ca , Mé co
- 5 . P i le 8 20 mm l n m ub rul n the air mm l n or l et o s o g; ste s p e e t , h s o g ess ;
hia a . hia ens is C p s S. c p
e av 6 . L es m arkedly punct ate ben eath with am ber colored glan ds ; vesti
ur m m l 1 m m hi h or l an d lar d v id lan t e of ste ost y g ess , gely e o of g dular hairs; eastern México (Hidalgo) to Chiapas an d sou thwards
Pan am . edun ularis to a S. p c
av 6 . Le es m oderately to in conspicuou sly pun ct ate beneath with yellow or clear glan ds ; vestit ure of stem m ostly 1 - 2 m m high and usu ally ben eath this copiously covered with m uch shorter glan dular hai rs ; rn i a weste Méx co (N yarit ) to Chi apas and southwards to Honduras . ha S. m acran t
7 . av m ar dl lan dular un a b n a h n di n ral Am r Le es ke y g p ct te e e t ; West I es , Ce t e
ica in ludin Chi a a and n r h r an ulata ( c g p s) o t weste n South Am erica. S. g 66 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 03 February 1 993
av e unct ate b n a or n arl i . 8 7 . Le es p e e th e y so; Méx co ( )
r not m u bran h d r m ba i l m l 8 . Stem s stiffly e ect , ch c e f o the se; pet o es ost y
- 3 6 mm long; Jalisco to Chiapas .
m vari u l a ndin d um b n m uch bran h d r m 8 . Ste s o s y sce g to ec e t , c e f o the - 9 base; petioles mostly 6 20 mm long. ( )
- - r lla 2 mm l n dicel m l 1 2 mm l n . S. verticillata 9 . Co o s 3 o g; pe s ost y o g
- - r lla 6 1 mm l n di l m l 3 30 m m l n . 10 9 . Co o s 6 o g; pe ce s ost y o g ( )
r lla m l - 10 mm l n di l m l 3 - 8 m m l n i 10 . Co o s ost y 6 o g; pe ce s ost y o g; pet
- a n lim a inal a oles m ostly 3 9 mm long; co stal regio s from Co to S o ,
also in Cape Region of Baj a California.
- n l 2 - m m l n 10 . Corollas m ostly 12 16 m m lo g; pedice s mostly 0 30 o g;
l - l n inlan d r i n r r r petio es mostly 9 18 mm o g; eg o s of sho t t ee fo ests ,
u rn S n ra n r ern inal a and l l ad a n C i ua ua. so the o o , o th S o c ose y j ce t h h h
a . . tom en tos a 1 1 . Stem s and foliage den sely white lan te S
m 1 2 Ste s and foliage otherwise . ( )
- 12 . Annual t aprootedherbs 5 25 cm high ; stem s z!: uniformly pubescent with short glan dular hairs mm long or less ; northeastern Mexico
schottii and closely adj acent U . S. A. S.
- 12 . P r nnial rb m l 20 100 cm i r u n l rmin rhi e e he s ost y h gh , f eq e t y fo g som atous colonies; stems variously pubes cent with longer hairs; d i schottii. 1 3 w espread but not overlapping the ran ge of S. ( )
Corollas mostly 1 1 - 15 mm lon g; localiz ed semi aquatic inlan d species of u so thcentral and western México (Durango to Michoacan and México) .
S. bartsioides
- 1 3 . C r lla l o o s m ost y 2 8 mm lon g; widespread weedy species . ( 14)
14 . C r llas m m l n the ub abr u or n arl m o o o g , t es gl o s e y so; ste s suffru ticose; an ther thecae widely separated by pedicels up to
mm l n . m aritim a o g S.
- 14 . C r lla 5 8 m m l n the ub l arl ub n m h rba o o s o g , t es c e y p esce t ; ste s e
ceous an h r h a l m r l ara b a b ; t e t ec e c ose , e e y sep ted y glo ose connec v ti e . Turn er Cowan : Stem odia in North Am erica an d Wes t In dies 67
STEMOD IA AN GULATA Oerst .
K oben hist . F r n . k . Meddel . D an . Natur t n lat r . Videns S em odia a gu a Oe st , sk o e j
z ev. Gen . m diacra an ulata r . un R 1 54 . Ste o harn 1 853 z22 . 8 g (Oe st ) K t e , “ w A A. ar a : r Car a o l . T PE: ST R C P . 189 1 Y CO I C t go p ope t go /
da Oersted 9 72 ECT T PE: C! l c d r Photolectot es te , 4 (L O Y [se e te he e] ; yp
r d in his rotolo ue al m n i n d a Isolectotype : Kl) . Oe ste p g so e t o e
Fen dler collection which belongs to this taxon .
ban . 1 . te l. a a 99 873 S t dia a erati olia . Wri h in Sauvill F C S em o g f C g t e ,
Mino d Bull . r i lia . Wri m odia an ulata r . su bs . a e at o C g Oe st p g f ( ght) ,
in d rn ia a erati olia C . 1 1 . L e o c . o t . n v ser . 9 8 S B Ge e e , II g f ( E la. 1 2 . T P A ad. Nat . ci. P i 9 3 Wri P nn ll Pr . S ght) e e , oc c h Y Pinar del Rio : al n m ar in arr o uiz az and Ar CUBA. o g g of oy s , L L o
r H nd 1 0 - 1 64 Wri ht 2993 H T PE: GHl oyo o o , 86 8 , g ( OLO Y ; Isotypes
Bot . en K. subs . re tans Min d Bull . o c . G Stem odia jorullensis H. B . p p o , S Ile de eve se . 1 1 . T PE: N ARAG A. Ri va : , r II 8 Y IC U s
Om ate e c ru du villa de Ma a ul a 40 m Oct 186 9 P. Lev p , es ge y g p , , , y 1 54 (HOLOTYPE: G- BOIS! ; Isotypes :
- m Annu al or short lived perennial herbs m ostly 5 30 cm high . Ste s
r at r h at n d u d ra l rin l e ect fi st , t ose the lower o es often proc m bent , m o e te y c k y
il i h m ul i a ai - Midstem l av m l p ose w t t sept te h rs 1 2 mm long . e es ost y cm l n cm id i l - 1 m m l n blad va u bd l id o g , w e; pet o es 5 0 o g; es o te to s e to , sub innat el n rv d radin in the i l ar l il landul ar unc p y e e , g g to pet o es , sp se y p ose , g p
a b n a d - at a the m ar n crenulo dentate . Fl r a illar arran 1 3 t te e e th , gi s owe s x y, ge
- n d the dun l bra a m l 1 2 cm l n u b n li the m . o e , pe c es e cte te , ost y o g , p esce t ke ste s
S al m l 4- m a 5 m l n il one m a lar r an d br d r . ep s ost y o g , p ose , of these so ewh t ge o e
C r lla m l 7- 9 mm l n hi or in i ub labr u or n arl o o s ost y o g, w te p k sh , the t es g o s e y
the l b 1 - 2 mm l n ar l ub n . n h h a ca. m m so , o es o g , sp se y p esce t A t er t ec e l n labr u a l v id 4- ara d b m all l b n v . a u o g , g o s , sep te y s g o ose con ecti e C ps e o o , 5 m m hi h lva the a v a 3 va i r ur d. d ca. m m l n i i g , ( te , p ces ec e See s o g , st p t te , l n i udi nall ul a a - i rib . o g t y s c te w th c . 6 8 s
D STR B T ON Fi u r 1 and i Chi a a C uba C n ral I I U I ( g es Méx co ( p s) , , e t
Am ri a and n r h m a - rn S u A ri 1 1 111 rin a n . e c o t weste o th e c , 00 000 ; flowe g all se so s
P nn ll r a d Stem odia a erati olia as a d i b li vin e e t e te g f goo spec es , e e g hi be n d mi a ub . Mino d t s to e e c to C ( 1 9 18 ) treated this as a subspecies of S.
orullensis . For addi i n al di j t o scu ssion see the latter .
REPRESENTATIV E SPECIMENS
- E CO. Chia a : h a i . C a a n 1 2 km a ah a n m 24 M XI p s Mp o c o ta , S of C c o ta , 90 ,
Nov 1 980 Breedl ove 776 . , 4 0 (CAS) - ar 1 993 lum 1 03 Febru y 68 P H Y T O L O G I A vo e
n ulata. ri an di ribu i n Stem odia a g Figure 1 . Am e c st t o of Turn er Cowan : Stem odia in Nor th Am erica an d West In dies 69
Fi r u 2 . C n ral Am ri an di ribu i n Stem odia an ul t g e e t e c st t o of g a a. 70 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e -1 03 February 1 993
a del o : Ekm an 1 . WEST INDIES: CUBA. Pin r Ri 0638 (K)
: . in rid n ar an a a n 3 Jan CENTRAL AMERICA BELIZE p e ge e M tee L goo ,
1 0 Pe k 263 GH . 9 3 , c ( ) Ala u la: km E Ala u la 1000 m 29 D ec 1 974 Wilbur COSTA RICA. j e 3 of j e , , ,
1 9 048 (D UKE) . ua a : vi ini Ahua ha n - 1 0 m 9- 27 EL SALVAD OR . Ah ch pan c ty of c pa , 800 00 ,
an 1 22 tan dle 200 1 GH . J 9 , S y 3 ( )
a a n a: vicini Mete an 7 m 29 Jan- 1 Feb GUATEMALA. S nt A ty of p , 3 0 ,
1 47 tan dle s . n . F . 9 , S y ( )
- - ar 1 4 A . l ch : ni u i al a 4 0 m 16 M 9 9 HONDUR S O an o vici ty of J t c p , 380 8 , 5 ,
Stan dley 1 7490 (F) .
w at . a a: i r a de N CARAG A. Ch n al : o da T e 22 3 an u S r I U o t es / te , (K) M g e s
- ana ua 800 m 6 14 Jan 1941 Gran t 1 002 C H . M g , , , ( )
A D é : o i ca. mi u r am r m r i Aba ca. A. PAN M ari n Ri Mort , 6 pst e f o Mo t jo ,
m 4 Feb ulce 100 , 1 1 967 , D 1 01 60
TH A E A: B A. B livar: Fra uill on o Sinu 20 SOU M RIC COLOM I o sq o , Ri ,
1 00 11 1 5- 6 Mar 191 Penn ell 1 92 El Vall : i n r 300- 500 m 5 , 8 , 4 e C s e os , , lli May 1 939 , Ki p 356 1 5
- EC AD . E m ralda : Pla a de ro ul Au 1 924 Thom as L3 O . U OR s e s y O , J g , (K)
Ri : 14 km E u v d 7 m 22 Feb 1 72 MacBr de 1 1 22 MO . Los os S of Q e e o , 5 , 9 , y ( )
- PER . Amaz na : aban da Huam ami o ene a a ra 600 700 U o s L , p , Ri C p , Ch c , ft Au 4 n u h 3 g 197 , A c as 71 2
STEMOD IA BARTSIOIDES Benth .
tem o i bart S d a barts ioides . t . e . . tem odiacra Ben Bo R . . 1470 1 3 1 th , g t 8 S
i ide . s o h . v. n . l . : E O s B n un e e P . 1891 T PE C ( e t ) K tze , R G Y M XI “ ” Plain Po eton o 1830 Graham 2 73 HO T PE of p g , , ( LO Y
Kl Photoholot l ; ype : NY ) .
Stitfl r - n i unbran h d y e ect perenni al herbs 15 40 cm high . Stem s esse t ally c e at v ba d n l an dul a ub n n ari in r m u except the ery se , e se y gl r p esce t , ofte s g f o sto t rhiz Midste l v - m . m a m l cm l n 4 m m id il lan o es e es ost y o g , 9 w e , sess e , ce
la id n ar the middl 2 or at n d raduall r du d u ard o te , w est e e , 3 o e , g y e ce pw s ,
a l sub innatel n rva l dul ub u a al an dular we k y p y e te , g an ar p escent , the s rf ces so gl
un a the ar al m n rrul a . Fl r m l a illa the u r h p ct te , gi s se te owe s ost y x ry along ppe f
the m arran d 2 -4 at a n d the di l 1 - m m l n lan dular of ste s , ge o e , pe ce s 8 o g , g
- ub n . S al 5 6 mm l n lan dul ar ub n n iall alik b l p esce t ep s o g , g p esce t , esse t y e , e ow
h 1 or 2 bra ab u as l n o m a t lla t ese cts o t o g r so ewh t longer than he sepal s . Coro s m l 1 1 - 15 mm l n li vi l blu ar l u b n l b - 6 ost y o g , ght to o et e , sp se y p esce t , the o es 3 l mm n . An h r h a d ur l ca. m m l n o al a o g t e t ec e p p e , o g , n minute st ks separ te b a ll n nn v - i . C a ul 3 4 m m l n br adl v id 4 valva the y swo e co ect e ps es o g , o y o o , te , Turn er Cowan : Stem odia in North Am erica an d Wes t In dies 7 1
m l n i i a m d ra l mi nu l ar a i r . d ca. m p ces e ect See s o g, st p t te , o e te y te y w ty throughou t . DISTRIBUTION ( Figure Mostly semi aquatic or aquatic habit ats of the Cent ral Plateau region of México from D uran go an d Zacatecas to Michoacan
- - and i 2 2 m rin Au u S m b r. Méx co , 000 500 ; flowe g g st epte e i d a Mino d ( 1 91 8 ) knew this species by relatively few collection s . He c te specim en from Colom bia ( near Bogota) whi ch we believe to be in error .
REPRESENTATIV E SPECIMENS
2 1 m 2 Au E . A u a ali n : 15 km E A u a ali n 00 9 M XICO g sc e tes of g sc e tes , , g
1960 Rz edowski 1 1 82 MEX U . D uran : ca. 13 mi NE Duran al n , 4 ( ) go of go o g rr l a : m NW ala r u 3 1 25 Jul 1 958 Co e l 2 01 58 . Guana u 1 S o te , , (LL) j to i of de Hui a m an a 16 Au 1 57 Water all 1 8 9 Hidal : i . c , g 9 , f 3 9 go Mp o ch
an A l n ca. 20 0 m 24 un 1 0 Hern cin dez Jali p , t a , 0 , J 98 , 4548 sco
u Pa de E A u a ali n S a in r ad r m O u l ca. 1 3 mi W j st of g sc e tes t te L e , o f o j e os , of so la Tr 2000 m 1 Au 1 9 Me Vau h 1 oje , , 3 g 58 , g 6935
w o TEX US . ic : l cali 1 Hartwe 1 ich ac n , ) Méx o / o ty, 839 , g 96 M o a
5 mi W r li a 22 Au 1 Powell u r ar of Mo e , g 196 , 824 Q e et o
ad r a 2 l W mbr r C 7 Jul 1952 Kel 71 5 UC . a a a : 9 mi S e eyt , , y ( ) Z c tec s of o e ete , 2400-2 00 m 2 e 1 n tr 5 , 6 S p 948 , Ge y 8486
STEM D IA HIAP Turn r O C ENSIS B . e
St em o dia chia e n sis B . Turn s n v hia a p er, p. o . TYPE: MEXICO. C p s “ i . Arria a a Mp o g , Steep p cific canyon with Tropical Deciduous Forest and ” r rid i Pinus an d u er us at La ina i r av a i n c est of ge w th Q c M M c ow e St t o , '
980 m 1 Nov . dlo 3 1 D E . B e Alm eda 983 re ve 5 F . 01 55 HO T PE , , 6 ( LO Y TEX ! )
Stem odia ten uifolia Mino d similis sedfoliis longioribu s (plerum
ue c v - q m lon gis s . cm ) petiolis longioribus ( 10 20 m m
- - l n i vs . 2 6 m m corollis lon io ibus 1 1 v r ca. o g s ) , g ( 0 2 m m lon gis s . 8 mm et v im n aulin trichom at bu b e m m ) , est e to c o i s r vioribus ( ca.
- al i vs . 1 2 m m lu incu vat s t s ) p s r i differt .
Er uf ru i r nnial h b r 30 cm hi h . r v nl ect s f t cose pe e e s to g Stem s te ete , e e y
ub n i h an in urv d ub rul v u i ur ca. p esce t w t c e p e o s est t e m m high or less , la br n i h a e . Midstem l av dr in r n m l cm l n g esce t w t g e es y g g ee , ost y o g ,
cm id i l 10 - 20 m m l n radi n n lad a v w e; pet o es o g , g g i to the b es ; bl des o ate , sub in natel n rv d ar l ub n lik the m iall al n t p y e e , sp se y p esce t e ste s , espec y o g he v in the m ar in cre - nulodent at e . Fl r a illar 2 4 a n d arran d e s , g s owe s x y, to o e , ge - bruar 1 993 72 P H Y T O L I A volum e 1 03 Fe y
ensis n tem odia bar ts ioides l d ir l an d S. chia Figure 3 . Dist ribu tio of S (c ose c c es) p
(open circle) . Turn er Cowan : Stem odia in North Am erica and West In dies 73
m the di l m l 2 - 4 m m l n uberu in termin al foreshortened ste s , pe ce s ost y o g , p
- - l all ali 5 6 mm l n lin ar lanc la ri bra a . l n . a e t Sep s 5 , i ke , o g , e eo te , st gose , e cte te “ lla m l 1 - 12 m m l n dr in ll but d rib d as hi i h Coro s ost y 0 o g , y g ye ow esc e w te w t ” “ ” o al ll hr a l b m m l n ub yellow r with p e ye ow t o t , the o es o g , the t e
lindri al ub n r u u e rnall l n il i in n ar ori cy c , p esce t th o gho t xte y, o g p ose w th e the l n fice the la r hai r i h a ula a i . An r a ca. m m , tte s w t sp t te p ces the thec e o g , l v id m m ara d b a ll d v l d v id nn iv . a u sep te y we e e ope o o co ect e C ps e o o ,
- v d ca. l ulca e i i a e . i 4 alva e valve r . mm n 6 8 h gh , t , the s e ect See s o g, s t , st p t t
D STR B T ON Fi ur n n nl r m the l ali i . Ar I I U I ( g e K ow o y f o type oc ty, Mp o
- - - ria a Chia a in o ak r 00 1 000 m rin v m b r D m b r . g , p s , p e fo ests , 9 ; flowe g No e e ece e
t n ui olia t s a d in Stem odia chiapensis is closely related to S. e f bu i re dily ist guished from the latter by its m ostly longer leaves cm long vs .
- - - cm i l n r i l 10 20 m m l n vs . 2 6 m m l n r r lla 10 12 ) w th o ge pet o es ( o g ) , o ge co o s (
m m l n vs . ca. 8 m m and a h r r m r incurv d v i ure on m . o g ) , s o te , o e e est t the ste s
In habi th a li . t , e species superficially resem bles C praria saz ifragaefo a Cham
S l c . but is a il di in h av . ch e ht , e s y st guis ed from the latt er by its opposite le es ADD ia a : i . A ITIONAL SPECIMEN EX AMINED : MEXICO . Ch p s Mp o r ria a La ina icr av a i n 1 ec Breedlove g , M M ow e St t o , 9 5 m , 21 D 198 1 , 56329
(TEX ) .
STEM D IA D A ar z O UR N TIFOLIA ( L. ) Sw t
Stem odia duran ti li b o a L. S ar s . Bot. 24 . 1 . f ( ) w tz , O 0 79 1
Thi is an r m l e d id a s ext e e y we y, w espre d species , as noted in more det ail b l . We r niz r i nall differ n ia as e ow ecog e two eg o y e t ted varieties , follows :
- 1 . C r lla m l 9 1 1 mm l n m i h r d min an l n hai r o o s ost y o g; ste s w t p e o t y cri kly s ,
i in rmi d lan dular hair il chilens is w th te xe g s ; Ch e . var.
- 1 . C r lla m l 5 8 mm l n em vari u l ub b o o s ost y o g; st s o s y p escent , ut m ostly lan dular ub d ad n i . d r n i olia g p esce t ; w espre var . u a t f
STEMODIA D URAN TIF . OLIA (L ) Swartz var. D URAN TIFOLIA
Stem odia duran ti lia o L. ar b . S O s Bot. 4 . . f ( ) w tz , 2 0 1 79 1 BASIONYM
Ca raria duran ti li - o a L. S s t. N at. ed. . t M a un . e 10 1 1 1 6 . 1 759 J S p f , y , ( y )
m odiacra dura i li - nt o a L. r n l. P oll. Para u a . . f ( ) Mo o g , C g y 183 1880 1893 ’ A rdi n D Arc i h h m a r hi n am is ba d cco g to y w t w o we g ee , t s e se
u n L sim a hia coerulea aleri ulata l an at l. a i . po y c g c . S o e , C . P J m a e. 66 1 696 (LECTOTYPE : BM! [selected 74 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 03 February 1 993
m dia erecta P. l. am aie. . 1 7 9 . Ste o a raria o ositi olia L. F J 380 5 C p pp f , ( h v 9 18 . B i o ll . o c ot . n ser. 1 M n d Bu . B G Br . S ) , e e e , II , ot ’ A rdin D Arc a d on am . T PE: JA A A. b se the s e type Y M IC cco g to y,
i h h m a r hi nam is ba d in ar u n Phasl w t w o we g ee , t s e se , p t , po y T T PE: BM! l d pea erecta; foliis s essilibus R . Br . (LEC O Y [se ecte Br n al i d L sim a hia oerulea alericuta Sl an ow e so c te y c c g o e , which has bee n selected as the lectotype for Capraria duran tifolia
L. as n d ab ve . , ote o
l . d. Ha . 1 . 1 1 b i ll ri o i r v. ort . a 8 8 ano ea vert ci a s r n . N v P o H Ac 3 C Sp e g ,
l. l. Hort . Bero Stem odia verticillaris S r n . in Enum . P ( p e g ) L k ,
: a ul iva d in B rlin 1 822 . TYPE: BRAZIL from m terial c t te the e
B ani al Gard n H T PE: B d r d Photoholo t es: ot c e ( OLO Y , est oye ; yp Isotype :
h . 2 . ro ularia subhas tata . V l. Flamin . : 264 . 18 7 Sc p J elloso , F 6 t 88 ,
d . m i D . Pro r Ste od a su bhas tata J . V ll B n h . in C ( e oso) e t ,
1846 . Stem odia subhas tata J . V ll un Rev. Gen . Pl. ( e oso) K tze , “ ” - 1 89 1 . T PE: B A : r o de an ir 1 782 1 789 Vellos o Y R ZIL p ope Ri J e o , ,
? w o s . n E T T PE: ! d i a d The l is . (L C O Y K [ es gn te ectotype / “ ” collector but is said to be from Ri o Jan in what is thought to be t he script of Velloso .
tem ia r PE S od eh en ber ian a . t . . 1 4 . T g Schlecht , Bo Zeit 8 3 Y
b r b r r b E CO. r n r m d in 1 42 r vid d E n M XI g ow f o see s 8 p o e y h e e g , p o
a he a n bl r m V racru H T PE: HAL not l a d . T y f o e z ( OLO Y , oc te ) t xo was ri in a r ti l t i n all m r d i h . du an o ia h r i i s o g y co p e w t S f , ot e w se esse tiall i y w thout description .
tem odia bert m ia ra S eroan a B n . in . rodr 1 4 . te od c e th D C , P . 8 6 S
be ro B n l. PE: rte an a n h . un z Rev. Ge . P 189 1 . T ( e t ) K t e , Y
D N A ro n . PE OMI IC N REPUBLIC [Hispaniola] . Berte s . (HOLOTY not l a d : t K , oc te ; Isotype Ml; Photoiso ypes:
tem o i l. r . es t S d a duran ti oli . i l iseb . F B W a L S ar z var . an us t o ia Gr f ( ) w t g f ,
In d. 2 . w o l ali M ar h 4 9 1 86 1 . T PE : JA A CA. 1858 Y M I / oc ty, , c 826 (LECTOTYPE: K ! [selected Grisebach describes this a n as b in d n l ub n and d v id andular hair t xo e g e se y p esce t e o of egl s ,
the l av lin ar-lan la an a n ba u h as e es e ceo te d t pering early to the se , s c
und in the l an d hi h b ar the han d ri n a i n fo ectotype w c e s w tten ot t o ,
B a an us ti oli n the i u t e m et g f a. O sam e sheet s m o nted h typical for
the of species .
tem odi S a ariz on i a . ll . N at . a 4 P nn . 1 9 0 c e e , Not Acad. N t . Sci Phil .
T PE: N TED t e Ariz na: Pi a o . b a h STATE . m Y U I S o C , y st re m s of
- San a Ca alina . n . l s . 2000 3000 1 1 A r 1 1 . . Prin e t t Mts , ft , p 88 , C G g
HO T PE: PH! : ! ( LO Y ; Isotypes F , G
76 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 03 February 1 993
d i . Di ribu i n tem odia duranti olia in U . S. A. in an Figure 4 . st t o of S f ( set) Méx co Turn er Cowan : Stem odia in North Am erica an d Wes t In dies 77
Fi ur 5 . Di ribu i n Stem odia duran ti olia in W g e st t o of f est Indies . 78 P H Y T O G I A volum e - 1 03 February 1 993
Fi u Di ribu i t m r n ti i a. g re 6 . st t on of S e odia du a fol a in Cent ral Am eric Turn er Cowan : Stem odia in North Am erica an d Wes t In dies 79
: Hin uana ua : Kis hler 9 1 1 MEX U . Gu rr r Herrera 572 (TEX ) . G j to ( ) e e o ali : A ala 7 2 ton 543 7 Hidal go : Rz edowslci 2542 7 ( EN CB) . J sco y 2 México : Hin ton 5296 Micho acén : Cowan 49 1 7
Morelos : Pringle Nayarit : Cowan 4795 (TEX ) .
a a a: Prin le 6035 Pu bla N uevo Leén : Smith M45 (TEX ) . O x c g e uin ana oo Rz edowski 28 95 1 Querétaro : Ros e 9 755 ( US) . Q t R an ui P i: Scha ner 71 Sin al a: Or Olms tead 72 0 (MEX U) . S L s otos fl 4 o te a n ra: Cowan 5559 Taba : Ven tura 2 1 0 8 g 647 (K) . So o sco 4 u a n : teere 2 009 Tam aulipas : Johns ton 502 6A (TEX ) . Y c ta S
a a a : M c Vau h 1 7 5 H . (MICH) . Z c tec s g 65 (MIC )
i u l: tan dle an a Ana: Stan dle 3 1 22 F . San S EL SALVAD OR . S t y ( ) M g e y
F . : tan dle F . n na : tan dle 22 1 09 2 1 0 76 ( F) . San Vicente S y 3 3 76 ( ) So so te S y ( )
le Di r. B liz : roat 2 3 7A . El a : Gen t 96 60 BELIZE . st e e C 3 2 (MO) C yo
lak ui a: te erm ark . z abal: B e 72 7 GUATEMALA. Chiq m ul S y 3 0143 (F) I 8
. ia : tan l Petén : on treras 1 (US) Jut pa S d ey 7600 1 (F) . C 23 3 Pr : tan dl r al ul u : Harm on s . n . M . aca a: tan og eso S ey 69005 ( F) . Ret h e ( O) Z p S dle y 72 045 ( F) .
H ND . a a l : M olin a F . O URAS Com yagu : Stan d ey 5253 (F) . Copan 24692 ( ) tan dle r z : ra n : M olin a . r : tan dle Co te S y 71 92 (F) . Mo za 25949 (F) Yo o S y
538 93 ( F) .
A A A. aca: e r h n al : tan dle NIC R GU Bo S ym ou 60 76 ( F) . C o t es S y 9243
F . E li: tan dle ana u a: rant a a al a ( ) ste S y 2 01 93 ( F) . M g G 1 1 08 M t g p : Williams 2 F . a a lin a 3 758 ( ) Zel y : Mo 2289 (F) .
PANA A an al : Mc an iel : ut h 1 M C Zone D 1 2 665 (D UKE) . Los San tos B c 555
MO . Pan am : M cD an i ( ) a el 1 0322 (MO) .
C STA R CA. uan a a : Lissn r Pun ar na ui ros 1 O I G c ste e 442 1 (MO) . t e s 5
F . San : im n ( ) José J e ez 1 2 95 (US) .
WEST ND E : ANT A. 0 1: I I S IGU 3 1 01 8 ( F) .
B NA RE . Arnoldo O I 3 78 7 (AA) .
urt CUBA. C is 529
C RACA . Arn aldo U O 1 626 (F) . D N AN E B . ll r OMI IC R PU LIC A a d 1 569 7 (US) . EN GR ADA. ro dw B a ay 1 761 ( F) . H L n a AITI . eo rd 772 7 J A A CA. Pro tor M I c 348 65 (BM) . PUERTO RICO: Urban 1 057
TR N DAD : Barn ard I I 2 74 (MO) . N TED A ST TE . Ariz n a : Nile U I S o : Gila Co . s 3 68 ( ARIZ) ; M aricopa Co Pen n ell 2 9 70 ava o . : ira n 4 N jo C G rd s . . (MICH) ; Pim a
Co . z Thur ber 32 0 : ru Pin al C o . C tchfield 2 6 1 (LL) ; Sant a
Cruz Co . : Kais er 1 t r 2 9 1 ( ARIZ) ; Yavapai Co . z Fos e 3 2 7 80 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 03 February 1 993
v : Parish 1 San Di Californi a: Ri erside Co . 4 35 ego
: lm er Co . Pa 2 84
STEMODIA FR UTICOSA Lundell
b . 4 . T PE iv . i hi an H r 19 0 m odia ruti os a u d ll n r . n Ste f c L n e , Co t U M c g e Y
le 2 E a i : Va a 24 Feb 1 Per H. Gen t 2 52 BELIZE . l C yo D strict c , 938 , cy (HOLOTYPE: MICH! ; Isotyp e:
de . M edde . k l tem odi labr . n n . r . oebenh Vi ns S a g a Oerst i Be th Oe st , Kj
l. diacra labra r . un z ev. en . P 2 1 . 1 85 . tem o R G 3 S g (Oe st ) K t e ,
A. m dia labra 1 2 . T PE: N ARAG 189 1 . Not Ste o g Spreng. 8 5 Y IC U “ ” v via 1 2 ersted H T PE: Cl Photoholo Pr . S 85 O 9 7 o ego , , 4 4 ( OLO Y ;
e : : C l Kl . typ s Isotypes , ) PE tem odia on ure an . illiam iba 1 52 . T S h d nsis St dl 8: W s , Ce 9 Y
Olan c : vicini Ju i al a 380- 480 m 5- 1 6 Mar HOND URAS. ho ty of t c p , ,
H T PE: sl Photoholot es: 1 949 Paul C . Stan dle 1 78 1 2 O O U , y ( L Y ; yp The l was ri in all de Isotype Fl) . ho otype o g y “ ” b u n l ran Esc . A r . Pan am . but u posited in the Herb. g s seq e t y t s
ferred to US.
uflm ticose r nnial h rb h ubl or hru b m hi h . S pe e e s , s r ets , s s g
S m br ni h bri l d n l r ub rul n or ar l il at r but te s ow s , tt e , e se y sho t p e e t sp se y p ose fi st
labr n v - n an d r hi h a e . M dste a m l cm l g esce t co ky w te wit g i m le es ost y 5 8 o g ,
cm id dr n bla i l cm l n blad va -lan la w e , yi g ck; pet o es o g; es o te ceo te ,
inn a l n rva m d ra l hir u abra ur a e unct ate or p te y e te , o e te y s te to gl te , the s f ces p
l - a d the n ar m ar in rra . Fl r a ill arran d 2 4 at n e y so , the g s se te owe s x ary, ge o e ,
- duncl bra a 5 20 mm l n ub n li the m . S al zt ali pe es e cte te , o g, p esce t ke ste s ep s ke , m l 6 - 9 m m l n ub rul n i h h r in urv d lan dular hair or o c ost y o g , p e e t w t s o t c e eg s , casi ll b a 4- 1 m l n ona an dular ub n an d ub rul n . r ll 1 8 m y oth gl p esce t p e e t Co o s o g ,
- An h r hi lila the ub ars l ub n the l b 2 mm l n . w te to c , t e sp e y p esce t , o es 5 o g t e
a labr u m m l n ara d b a b nn iv ca. ca. l thec e g o s , o g, sep te y g o ose co ect e , m m a - r . Ca ul br adl va 4 m m hi h val va the a i not c oss ps es o y o te , 6 g , 4 te , p ces r a u e ect . M t re seeds not available .
D STR B T ON Fi ur B liz H n dura an d El Salvad r dr r k I I U I ( g e e e , o s o , y oc y
r 500 - 1 m - fo ests , 600 ; flowering Jannary April .
REPRESENTATIV E SPECIMENS
EL A VA S D R . raz n : u h id n e aca u ati ue ca. 1 00 L O Mo a so t s e of Mo tes d C q q , 5 m 7 Jan 1 942 Tu ker 7 0 F G San a Ana: Ha i nda , , c 4 ( , t c e
San l n a a - i u r n 600 13 80 m 22 Feb 1 946 Carls on 8 0 F . M g e e Met pa , , , 4 ( ) Turn er Cowan : Stem odia in North Am erica an d Wes t In dies 8 1
Fi ur 7 . Di ribu i n Stem odia ruti osa u r u a orull n g e st t o of f c ( ppe fig re) n d S. j e sis l r u ( owe fig re) . 82 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 03 February 1 993
arai : 1 2 m NE u aran 900 m 30 Jun 1 96 1 HOND URAS. El P so k of Y sc , , ,
h : vi ini u i al a 380 - 480 m 5- 16 M olin a 1 0040 Olan c o c ty of J t c p , ,
tan dle 1 Mar 1949 , S y 8 1 32
a a al a: al n Rio Las Cana 10- 15 km NE a a NICARAGUA. M t g p o g s , of M t
al a 600 - 700 m 16 Jan 1963 William s 2 02 1 g p , , , 4
'
STEMODIA JOR ULLENSIS H. B . K.
t m odiacra en . . 1 1 7 . e Stem odia jorullensis N ov. G 63 Sp 8 S
P : MEX l. 1 1 . T E orullensis un z Rev. Gen . P 89 j K t e , Y “ i n : V l rull 4 1 e 1803 Hum boldt 85 ICO. M choaca o can Jo o , 90 hex 9 S p ,
E: ho to ot es: on lan d . n P B p s . (HOLOTYP P; hol yp
'
dia i nth v . ali ub . Bot . 1 14 . tem o m cra a Bran de ee ni . P l 9 S g , U C f Not
de T PE: E . ia a : C rr Stem odia micrantha Benth . Y M XIC O Ch p s e o l : a A. Pur us H T PE: UC T nal Se 1913 C. 68 06 o , p , p ( OLO Y ; Isotypes
Stem odia n e le ta Minod Bull. o c . Bot . n v set . 11 1 9 18 g c , S Ge e e , , '
w w e o ifio s . n . T PE: E O. o l ali o da ess M Y M XIC / oc ty, / te , S 8 g (HOLOTYPE: C l; Photoholotypes: The type is “ ” from Nueva Espan a where Minod thought it to have been col w v i lecte d b Pav n . ut the la ll r as n r in y o B tter co ecto e e Méx co , ’ al h u h the sheet n rn d was n c ar Pav n h rbarium . t o g . co ce e o e p t of o s e
vau h rr l n b ann a i n on the h ha a Mc g co ect y otes , y ot t o type s eet , t t descriptive account that accom panies the type is written in the han d
v a a . ard of Sesse . Thus the Pa on not tion is prob bly an error Reg
l the lan n rn d i it s br ad h r l i la l av ess , p t co ce e , w th o , s o t y pet o te e es
and ir u v i ur l l m a h a is h r r niz d as S. h s te est t e , c ose y tc es wh t e e ecog e
orulle j nsis .
Annu al rb m l 2 - t r l n ot bran h d he s ost y 0 30 cm high , stem s s iflly e ect , sim p e , c e at t - h he ba . m il i m ul i a i hai m l n b n a se Ste s p ose w th t sept te st ff rs 1 2 m o g , e e t
i a v i ur h r an d te av l 1 - 2 cm th s est t e of s o ter gl ular t richom es . Mids m le es m ost y l n cm id i l - ad br adl va o g , w e; pet o es mostly 3 6 mm long; bl es o y o te to d l id ub n li m sub i natel v i d e un ctate or n arl e to , p esce t ke the ste s , p n y e ne , p e y
the m ar n irr ul arl c at Fl r a illar arran d 2 - 3 at so , gi s eg y renulodent e . owe s x y, ge a n d the dun l bra a m l - 1 m m l n ub n lik the o e , pe c es e cte te , ost y 5 0 o g , p esce t e
- - m . S al m l l m l n 5 4 6 mm l n il . C r lla m 6 9 m ste s ep s , ost y o g , p ose o o s ost y o g , vi l the ub ar l ub n the l b 2 - 3 mm l n labr u or n arl o et , t es sp se y p esce t , o es o g , g o s e y
. An h r h ca ca. m m l n labr u a a d b a val nn so t e t e e o g , g o s , sep r te y n o co ec
- iv . Ca ul narr l v id 5 6 m m hi h 2 valva the a i m ha t e ps e ow y o o , g , te , p ces so ew t
r urv d. S d ca. mm l n lli id a i din all ul a ec e ee s o g , e pso , stipit te , long tu y s c te
i - w th 6 8 ribs .
- 84 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e 1 03 February 1 99.
tin Di ribu i n Stem odia m a ran tha n ir l S. m ari Figure 8 . st t o of c (ope c c es) , an l l d cir l and S. alm eri n ri (c ose c es) , p (ope t g es) Turner w Co an : Stem odia in North Am eri ca an d Wes t In dies 85
Fi u r 9 . Di ribu i n Stem odia edun ul g e st t o of p c aris . - bruar 1 993 86 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e 1 03 Fe y
i ribu i n Stem odia us illa l d ir l an d S. Figure 10 . D st t o of p (c ose c c es)
(open circles) . Turn er Cowan : Stem odia in North Am erica an d Wes t In dies 87
’ - . 4 i X C
F i l an d . lan ata igu re 1 1 . D st ribu tion of Stem odia tenuifolia (open circ es) S l d ir l in di ribu i n in T a . (c ose c c es) ; set , st t o ex s 88 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 03 February 1 9!
DISTRIBUTION (Figure Mostly sandy seashores or alluvial san t al n a al riv r n ral an d n r h a rn a al Mexico an d ad acei o g co st e s , ce t o t e ste co st j
- in all a n . U . S. A. u rnm T a 0 50 m r (so the ost ex s) , ; flowe g se so s
' - a Pr ra i m n or lan a r nnial 5 1 0 cm hi h . Stem s t ost te , wh te to e tose te pe e s g
t s av l c l n - 1 m en ose r in at n d . Mid tem l m m , oot g the o es e es ost y o g , cm id inn at l n rva lli i lan la b va il i . w e , p e y e te , e pt c ceo te to o o te , sess e , wh te t
la iv l arran e mentose m ar n den icula . Fl r a illar r , the gi s t te owe s x y, e t e y few , g
- 1 or 2 at a n d il or n arl . S al ali 4 5 m m l n whi o e , sess e e y so ep s zt ke , o g ,
lla - m l n tl m b und d b or 2 r ba b a . r m to entose , o e y 1 sho t s al r cts Co o s 6 7 o g , ub minu l ub r n l - not iall z om or hi t e te y p e ule t , the obes 1 2 m m long , espec y yg p
An h r h a ca. mm l n hi o b i ara d b a m all loboz t e t ec e o g , w te r e ge , sep te y s g
- nn iv . a ul v id 2 l n 4 valva the a i m l r c co ect e C ps es o o , 3 mm o g , te , p ces ost y e e
S d ca. m m l n a l lli id i i a if at all rnam n d i h ee s , o g , we k y e pso , st p t te , o e te w t
w - m h lo rid arran d in 5 7 id d ur not at all ar . es of ges ge s e fig es , w ty Because of its tom entose vestit ure thi s is the m ost easily recogniz ed of a
tem odia i i c is n l l r la d the . duran t ol a com l S species . It seemi gly c ose y e te to S f p (by leaves an d anther shape) but is readily sep arated by seed orn am entatiOJ
REPRESENTATIV E SPECIMENS
T a : a o . : a a i ildli efu UNITED STATES. ex s Aran s s C Aran s s N t onal W fe R g m a ca. 3 8 M 1 Travers e 1 r k o . : 2 m i E , y 959 , 1 3 4 B oo s C 3 H b v hi b r n ill 1 8 Nov 1 62 olis 7 am r n o . : B a C e o e , 9 , S 6 C e o C oc c
Clark land 7 Jun 1 943 Clover 1 2 liad e Is , , 54 Go liad u J n 1 27 William s o . 9 1 7 Hidal . : ca 8 mi , , 7 go C
anu l 9 A r 1 944 Lun dell 1 2 9 7 n d o . z M e , p , 7 Ke e y C along Lag
Aran a Pa 2 A it h s s ss , 2 pr 1947 , Wh e ous e 1 82 07
Co . : Sand a n ar P r an ld 27 u 1 Webster y fl ts e o t M sfie , J n 950 , 3 077 E . Tam auli 1 C a : and dun 1 N d. ad r 1 Mar M XI O p s S es , mi of C M e o ,
Kin 3 99 1 V ra ruz : al n h r n ar V a ruz 24 g e c o g s o e e er c , 1 906 , Greenm an 1 06
STEM DIA b O MACRAN THA B . Ro in son
Stem odia m a ran th 19 bin n . a a B . r Ar c Ro so , P oc Am er. Ac d. ts
T PE : i h a : a ararac Y MEXICO. M c o can ne r the foot of the falls of Tz b l a G ru an 28 J an 1 907 C . G. Prin le 1 0356 HO OT PE: e ow U p , , g ( L Y : - B I ! - ! Isotypes O S , G DC , G Turn er Cowan : Stem odia in North Am erica an d Wes t In dies 89
he Vo . 02 . 1 839 . Ar . Bot. Beec 3 arvi ora H . n Treviran ia p fl ook , y y
Herald 26 . Bot. Vo . 3 rvi ora H . Arn . S m ann D icyrla pa fi ( ook ) ee , y
H . . An etan thus arvi orus H . Arn . B n h . 8c 1856 . p fi ( ook ) e t ook f ,
Ai 1 7 . tem odia arvi ora W . T . n 89 1 7 . No t Gen . Pl. 8 6 S p fl to ,
w o i l ali Beeche s . n . TYPE: MEXICO . / spec fic oc ty, y
(HOLOTYPEz KD.
m ar l m dera l Suffru ticose perennial herbs m high . Ste s sp se y to o te y . il i h m ul i a hair 1 - 2 m m l n b n a h a n r arra p ose w t t sept te s o g , e e th t ese fi e y of
dstem l av m l - 7 cm l n 2 - 3 cm id short glan dular t richom es . Mi e es ost y 3 o g , w e;
b a b adl va ar l il b il petioles cm long; l des ro y o te , sp se y p ose to oth p ose and an dul ar il iall al n the v in underur a e landular gl p ose , espec y o g e s , the s f c s g
n a a an d 2 -4 at a n d the dun l pu ct te . Flowers axillary, m ostly rr ge o e , pe c es
- l l 7 bra a m l 2 4 cm l n ub n li m . a m e cte te , ost y o g , p esce t ke the ste s Sep s ost y
1 m m l n i i b n n landul ar an d landul ar hair . r lla 0 o g , p lose w th oth o g g s Co o s m l 14- 20 m m l n r r dl i ll or ur l ll ube i ost y o g , epo te y wh te , ye ow , p p e (ye ow t w th hi l b a rdin Anderson 5986 TEX ub ar l ub n w te o es , cco g to , ) , the t e sp se y p esce t ,
- t e An h r h ae ca. m m l n abr u ara d h l b m m l n . l o es 3 5 o g t e t ec o g , g o s , sep te b v v - an id n n v a . m a r . a id m m hi h y o o co ecti e c m c oss C psules o o , 5 7 g , l id 3 valva m a r urv d a i all . S d ca. m m n lli ( te , so ewh t ec e p c y ee s o g , e pso ,
- i i a 6 8 ul a n l m urica al n rib . st p t te , s c te , fi e y te o g the s DISTRIBUTION ( Figure M ai nly Pacific Coastal Region from N a
arit xi H n dura m l in -oak r - m rin y , Mé co to o s , ost y p e fo ests , 1 000 1 800 ; flowe g
v - No ember M arch . This taxon is closely related to Stem odia pedun cularis of eastern México; it is readily distinguished from the latter by its spreading pilose vestiture (the hairs m ostly 1 -2 m m long) beneath which usually occurs a m u ch shorter layer lan dul ar i d hair m l ddi i n m m l n or l rar l not . In a of g t ppe s ( ost y o g ess) , e y t o , the l a blad are nl ar l or a l landul ar un a b n a h the e f es o y sp se y we k y g p ct te e e t , la r u uall al ll i in l vs abundan l nd d i h b r tte s y p e ye ow sh co or ( . t y e owe w t am e to br n un a i n in . e n ula ow p ct t o s S p du c ris) . We in lud h ll i r hia . . a a c n r m C a e . Vol T na Matuda c e e e co e t o s f o p s ( g , c , 2962 [MICH 3 sheets] ) which differ som ewhat from typical form s in having creepin g
m m ha br ad r dar l un a v ste s , so ew t o e , k y p ct te , more elliptic lea es , otherwise they diff r but li l r m her m a rial hi e tt e f o ot te of t s species from Chiapas . Ri chard Howard ( 1 974) annotated the holotype of Trevirania parviflora as Stem odia edun laris u B n h . but the la r is a i a rn i as p c e t , tte spec es of e ste Méx co , n d in the v ote abo e .
REPRESENTATIV E SPECIMENS
E CO. Chia a : . Ovand D ec 1 M atada M XI p s Mt o , 93 7 , 2 09 0
PH US . Gu rr r : Di r . ina Rio Eric 2 1 Nov 1 Hin ton , ) e e o st M , , 936 , 90 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e -1 03 February 1 995
Jali : 15- 30 km N a a Si rra de San S ba i an sco of M scot , e e st
- - a n derson Méxic 1200 1300 m , 1 3 M r 1970 , A h a Hin ton 73 2 . i n Di r . T m a al Nan hi i la 1 5 Feb 1 935 8 st e sc tepec , c t t , , (LL) M c o ca al c m n 1000 m 2 Jan 1939 Hinton 1 292 Co o a , , , 4
Na ari : n ar Villa aran a al n r u e 2 7 Jan 1979 roat 5 1 3 . y t e C z , o g o t 8 , , C 4 4 (MO)
a : 2 - k ohan 1 - 1 4 m Fel GUATEMALA. Alt Verapaz 4 m SW of C , 300 00 , 8
illiam s 1 a a a: u r r a h Rio i i 1 500 1 969 , W 40 7 8 Z c p ppe e c es of S t o ,
t ark 1800 m , 25 Jan 1943 , S eyerm 43 1 9 7
A l ida: n ar T la 2 - m Dec 1 27 tan dle 5 8 0 H D A . an ON UR S t t e e , 0 600 , 6 9 , S y 4
Mar 1 Molin a 1 1 6 F . C n : 5 km SE San a R a de C n 29 963 6 ( ) opa of t os opa , ,
STEMOUIA MARITIMA L .
tem odia m aritim a . t. at. e . . ordium m ariti S L , Sys N , d 1 0 , 1 759 Sc m i r l an . 1 . te od m um uti osum ro um bens are oeruleo . f c p c , fl c S o e 696 S
a ra m aritim His t. am ai a 2 . 1 7 . T PE: A A CA a L. P. B . J c ( ) r , J c 6 1 56 Y M I S ordium m aritim um r ti osum ro um bens are coeruleo c f u c p c , fl
Hous ton s . n. ECTOT PE: BM! lec d h r m un d on sam c (L Y [se te e e] , o te
m ari tim a b hakes ear s . n . an d sheet with sprigs of S. collected y S p s
tem dia m a i im S o r t a . var . ri ida . A. mid in ar iu L g J Sch t M t s ,
1862 . T PE: BRA : P rn ambu a r Y ZIL e co , se sho e , ” Itam arica am araca De c 1 897 Gardn er 1 088 ECT [It ] , , (L HE ? l s t G d h r I olecto es : BMl Hl . [se ecte e e] ; yp , G ) an d date from specim en at BM .
t m odia iu S e rensis P nn ll . Nat . A ad. Nat . ci p e e , Not c S
4 : 1 9 . T P PE . P ura: riv rav l u 6 Y E RU i er g e s , Q
- lon Am a ht . . v Hill 2 Mar . 1 4 1 . Hau H K , ot pe , 8 30 9 , O g 8 S 1 1 H 542 ( OLOTYPE: BKLl) .
Stem odia ruticulosa Tsvelev Bot . Zh . nin rad 198 f , (Le g ) P : Ma 193 T E BA. Pr v . Pina de o : in a Y CU o r l Ri Las Mart s , 10 y
. cuiia oi : : HAC . J A 8 J. R g 1 0845 (HOLOTYPE HAC ; Isotype )
Suffru ticose prost rate or sprawling glandul ar visci l or hrub m ets s s ostly m high . Stem s erect pu bescent with both lon g crisp uniseriate
92 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 03 February 1 99
a STEM ODIA PALMER] A. Gr y
YP a 1 . T t m odia alm eri . ra r . Am r . A d. Ar 886 I S e p A G y, P oc e c ts
- lm er u a a: n a Ba ila Au Nov 1 85 E . Pa 22 MEXICO . Chih hu e r top s , g 8 , (LECTOTYPE: GHl [selected here] ; Isotypes :
- m m ] Annu al or short lived perennial herbs mostly 20 40 cm high . Ste s ost
b n i il air 1 - 2 m m l n n i r r lan dular tr pu esce t w th p ose h s o g , ofte w th sho te g
h in d m r o a ndin at r but i a e m u h bran h c om es termixe , ste s e ect r sce g fi st w th g c c a at ba d te l av m l 2 -4 cm l n 1 -2 cm wid' nd procumbent the se . Mi s m e es ost y o g ,
i l m l - 1 mm l n blad va sub inn atel v in d e u nctatn pet o es ost y 8 8 o g; es o te , p y e e , p l a arran ed 1 or 2 at t a ula e o e t te . F a ill he m rgins irreg rly cr nul d n a owers x ry, g
- l ali 6 - 8 m i n d the dun b a a m l 2 cm l n . a o e , pe cles e r cte te , ost y 3 o g Sep s zl: ke ,
- l the t ub: l n ar l il . r lla m l 1 2 1 6 mm l n blu ur o g , sp se y p ose Co o s ost y o g , e to p p e ,
- A h h a ca. m m lon ar l ub n l b 2 4 mm l n . n er sp se y p esce t , the o es o g t t ec e !
d ca. m hi h 2 valvat ‘ ara d b a b nn iv . a ul v i 5 m sep te y glo ose co ect e C ps e o o , g , d a n i i a n udinall ul a wit a i rec . c . mm l l i the p ces e t See s o g, st p t te , o g t y s c te
- 6 8 ribs .
D STR B T N Fi ur N r h rn i S n ra Chihu ahu I I U IO ( g e o t weste Méx co ( o o , and N Sinaloa) in m ostly dry short tree forests from 300- 1800 m ; flowerin
Au u - g st March . This t axon is closely related to Stem odia pus illa but is readily separat b it s m r r bu habi lar r l av and m u lar r r lla m l 10 y o e o st t , ge e es ch ge co o s ( ost y m m l vs - n . o g 6 10 m m ) .
REPRESENTATIV E SPECIMENS
E . i u a ua: i rra r n o a 1 an 1935 Gen tr 1 2 M XICO Ch h h S e O ejo , Ri M yo , J , y
H . in al a: a u a de arri al 000 4 C S D . de Badir Arr C 3 (MI ) o ept g to , oyo s , ft , 1 4 en tr n ra: ui 9 0 , G y 58 02 So o Q caba Ri o Fu r e 7 Mar 1 en tr 1 , e t , 935 , G y 436
in D . STEMOD IA PED UN C ULARIS Benth . C
di du tem odia Stem o a e n ularis B . in . Prodr 1 4 . p c enth DC , . 8 6 S d laris ev. en l 1 1 . e un u G . P . 89 B n h . un z R p c ( e t ) K t e , den 1 E T E CO. V ra ruz : irad r 1 838 J . Lin 098 C M XI e c M o , , (L K! [selected here the lower specim en the upper specim en is a
otti ll i n Isolectot es: Gl G-BOISl - D C ! G co ect o ] ; yp , , G ,
B n ham t e e t also cited the Galeotti collection in his pro ologu .
' Suflru ticose erect or scram blin g perennial herbs m Upper stem s usually som ewhat squ are an d frequently with narrow win gs Turn er Cowan : Stem odia in North Am erica an d Wes t In dies 93
an ub n i h h r ub rul n air m l m m l n the gles , p esce t w t s o t p e e t h s , ost y o g , the
idstem l av m l latter rarely interspersed with short glan dular hairs . M e es ost y
3 - 6 cm l n cm id i l cm l n blad br adl va o g , w e; pet o es o g; es o y o te ,
a l b n iall al n the v in the und r ur a m ar dl sp rse y pu erule t , espec y o g e s , e s f ces ke y
an a i a b r br n d m ar n irr ular crenu gl dul r pun ct ate w th m e to ow ots , the gi s eg
d -4 at a n d dun l lodentate . r a i ar m l arran 2 Flowe s x ll y, ost y ge o e , the pe c es
- bra a l 4 cm l n ub n li m . S al m l e cte te , m ost y 3 o g , p esce t ke the ste s ep s ost y
- m l n ub rul u an d m ar dl an dular un a li the l av . 6 8 m o g , p e o s ke y gl p ct te ke e es
C r lla m l 12 - 15 mm l n r r dl hi blu ub ar l o o s ost y o g, epo te y w te to e , the t es sp se y
’ - h a ca. l n labr u ub c n the l b 2 4 m m l n . An r c mm p es e t , o es o g the t e e o g , g o s ,
l br adl v id ara d b an v id nn ive ca. mm a r . a u sep te y o o co ect c oss C ps es o y o o ,
- l n 6 7 mm i 3 valva arcel r curv d a i all . S d ca. mm h gh , ( te , sc y e e p c y ee s o g ,
- lli id i i a a . e pso , st p t te , 6 8 sulc te DISTRIBUTION (Figure Mostly eastern México from Hidalgo to Chia
as an d u ard Panam mi dm n an l ud r m l 00 - 200 0 p , so thw s to a , xe o t e c o fo ests , ost y 5
- 111 ; flowering July March . This species is represented am on g the collection s borrowed by 50 or m ore i m n r m 20 or m re l ali i m l r m V ra ru i . All spec e s f o o oc t es , ost y f o e c z , Méx co
a e r m ar abl imilar in a h rt ri uberulence on the of these r e k y s , possess g s o c sp p stems an d m ostly lacking short glandular hairs as comm only occurs in its m ore
rn c r tem odia m a ran tha. a v edun ularis weste oho t , S c In ddition the lea es of S. p c hav m ark dl br n or am b r l r d un a lan d on h ir und ur a e e y ow e co o e p ct te g s t e ers f ces ,
and n the al . Plan r m hia a i an d n Am ri a n d ofte c yx ts f o C p s , Méx co Ce tral e c , te
hav m ha m all r r lla on h r d l e to e so ew t s e co o s s o ter pe unc es , otherwise these ar
ui imilar i a q te s to typ cal m terial .
Stem odia edun ularis is r ad di m acran tha b it s p c e ily stinguished from S. y m ostly shorter eglan dular puberulen ce and m arkedly am ber colored glan dular un a l av an d p ct te e es sepals .
REPRESENTATIV E SPECIMENS
E C . hia a C : i . O z au la k e m d al a ca. 140 m 2 M XI O p s Mp o co oco t , M p so , , 0 Jun 1980 Cowan 3 065 MEX U . Hidal : rail b a Atexa b l lan , ( ) go t y L ke e ow Mo go , 1400 m 22 Mar 1 M oore 947 2 57 GH . Oa a a: a ada de an abri l E la , , 4 ( ) x c C n S G e t , 2000 m 8 Au 1 897 Conz atti 1 H . Pu b a: a 3 9 G l i . de Hu m al , g , ( ) e Mp o eyt co ,
El R ar 1050 m 30 Jan 1 70 en tura ep o , , 9 , V 41 6 Veracruz
i . de At z alén Arr 800 m 12 Nov 1 70 Ventura Mp o , oyo , , 9 , 5 1 0
MICH) .
CE TRA A ER CA: T T COS A R A. ar a : ca. N L M I IC C t go km NE of orito , ca. 1 500 m 9 Mar 1978 Wilbur km 25 1 D E . an : ca. W , , 5 3 ( UK ) S José 3 of Cosca al 1 7 Feb 1 m j , 978 , Al eda 3 634 G ATE A A. Al a V ra az : ohan 1 m Feb Tuerckh im I U M L t e p C , 350 , 1 908 , e I
1 658 C . u z al n an : Fin a H lv ia 1 t 3 00 8 Oc 1934 GH . ( ) Q e te go c e et , ft , ( ) 94 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 03 February 1 993
: a a a n a 2 1 m D ec 1 0 Molin HONDURAS. Cortez Mont n Sant A , 0 , 6 95 , a
3598 ( F) .
PA A A. hiri ui: NE l rr Pand ca. 1 500 m 15 Jan 1970 N M C q s opes of Ce o o , , ,
Wilbur
STEMODIA PUSILLA Benth .
i l l . l . t m odiacra us l a B n h . tem odia us i la B n . Bot u h. 144 1 44 . e S p e th , S p 8 S p ( e t ) Na ari : T ic un Rev. Gen . Pl. 1891 . T PE: E . K tze , Y M XICO y t ep ,
w H T E: Kl Photoholot e : MICHl . o da Bar la s . n . P / te , c y ( OLO Y ; yp )
tem odia hum ilis Pav n sr Minod Bull . o c . Bot . n v ser. S o , S Ge e e , II , ’ w l ali w o da ess e 8 1 1 8 . T PE: E . o S 9 Y M XICO / oc ty; / te , in' H o n . nu b red on rin di lab l at F O M g o s . [ m e 2853 p te sotype e ] ( LO
d r d the ll r T PE: C l : Fl OX Fl . Mino r Y ; Isotypes , ) epo te co ecto to con be Pavon but the latter never collected in México . The sheets cernedwere presum ably in the Pavon herbarium ; the isotypes m atch “ ” the holotype precisely and are an notated Stem odia littoralis ; the “ holotype bears an annotation label that reads Stem odia humilis ”
av . herb . P on
- - m Weak stem m ed semi erect to prost rate an nu al herbs 5 20 cm high . Ste s u uall m u h bran d r m ba ub i h id l r adin m l s y c che f o the se , p escent w t w e y sp e g ost y
rin l mul i a ri m 1 -2 m m l n n in rmi d i lan c k y t sept te t cho es o g , these ofte te xe w th g dul d ar i d hai r . Midstem l av l c l n cm i t ppe s e es most y m o g , w e;
i l m l 3 - 9 mm l n blad va ubd l id sub alm atel n rv d pet o es ost y o g; es o te to s e to , p y e e , e unctate Flow ar l ub n m ar n irr ularl crenulodentat e . p , sp se y p esce t , the gi s eg y ers a ill ar arran d 1 - 2 at a n d dun l bra a m l 3 - 8 mm x y, ge o e , the pe c es e cte te , ost y
- l n . S al m l 3 4 m m l n il one m ha diff r n o g ep s ost y o g, p ose , of these so ew t e e t
ha t - n he r . C r lla 6 10 mm l n ur li h blu i ll hr a t est o o s o g , p p s to e w th ye ow t o ts ,
- ub a l ub t e a ca. r n h l b 1 3 mm l n . An h r h the t e sp se y p esce t , o es o g t e t ec e mm l n lab - mm r u ara d b an v id nn iv . a ul v id 4 5 o g , g o s , sep te y o o co ect e C ps e o o , hi 2 val va e i a a i r . d ca. m m l n lli id i gh , t , the p ces e ect See s o g , e pso , st p t te , l n i udinall ul - o g t y s cate with 6 8 ribs . DISTRIBUTION (Figure Coast al region s of northwestern México from Colim a to N Sinaloa with outlier population s in the Cape Region
Ba a Cali rnia 100- 400 m rin M a - m b r j fo , ; flowe g y Septe e .
Thi i is l l r la d i l alm eri. s spec es c ose y e te to Stem od a joru l ens is an d S. p It
- diff al n vs. ers from S. p m eri in havin g generally sm aller corollas (6 10 mm lo g
- - - 1 2 1 6 mm an d m all r l av i v 18 mm . ) s e e es w th shorter petioles (3 9 m m s . 8 ) Population s from the Cape Region of Baj a California differ from m ainland population s
h r i h diff r bu t li l . us ill ot e w se t ese e tt e from typical S p a. Turn er Cowan : Stem odia in North Am erica an d Wes t In dies 95
Minod treated Cen tral Am erican elem ents of Stem odia angulata within
lla r m an B rnan d Can n H al i d a ll c i n S. us i S this taxon . e so c te co e t o of p f o e o yo ,
a du d ic ave not amin d. Californi , presum ably intro ce , wh h we h ex e
REPRESENTATIV E SPECIMENS
a a nia u : Arr an P dr at an a u MEXICO. B j Califor S r oyo S e o R cho C y co ,
an d r 1 7 Ma 1 9 Thom as 7 06 moist s along st eam , 000 ft , y 95 , 8
- C lim a: w o l ali 9 Jan 6 Feb 1 89 1 Palm er 1 252 . Jali : C rr de o / oc ty, , (K) sco e o
a u v ez ia Na l Cr z , 20 m , 27 No 1926 , M 1 1 52 i arit : a de a. i a d 2 Mar 1 2 7 M ez a y S n José l Con de , c 1000 m , n wet s n , 9 9 ,
1 9 1 inal a: Villa nié n an 1 89 Lam b 3 9 3 S o U , J 5 , 4
' STEMODIA SCHOTTII Holzinger
tem odia s ch tti N at . . . E S o i H lz in n . . . b P o ger, Co tr U S Her 286 . 1893 TY N TE d . hott D STATES. T a : S arr o . Ri o Gran e i 1853 A c U I ex s t C , C ty, , S
s . n E . (L CTOTYPE: US! [selected here] ; Pho tolectotype s: In his ri in al d ri i n l o g esc pt on Holzi ger cited two col ection s , the lectotype
and N ealle T a . P n in 3 05 US r m Val V rd Co . n ll 1935 y ( ) f o e e , ex s e e ( ) dir l l d the l rm ali d h r a n d ha a ect y se ecte ectotype , fo ze e e; he lso ote t t presu m ed isolecto type (Fl) gives collection dat a as Ri n ggold Barracks S arr b a h the Brav del r Ri o Gran d 29 M a 1 893 [ t e c of o No te [ e] , y ,
S hott 23 . The la r ll c i n is r babl isol tot e but hi is c tte co e t o p o y an ec yp , t s not cert ain .
Stem odia ur ii B us rande ee ni v . . . p p g , U Calif Publ. Bot . 1 9 1 1 T PE : E CO. C a uila: van u . . ur us Y M XI o h Mo o , J n 1 9 10 , C A P p 445 6 (HOLOTYPE: UCl; Isotypes :
DISTRIBUTION ( Figure Northeastern México an d closely adj acent
- U . S. A. T a m l in il or la alluvial il 1 m rin ( ex s) , ost y s ty c y, so s , 5 000 ; flowe g O b r- A cto e pril .
Annu al or h r liv d r nnial h rb - 2 r at s o t e pe e e s 5 5 cm high . Stem s e ect first but n m u h bran h d an d r um b n at ba d n l lan dular ub n soo c c e ec e t se , e se y g p esce t
i h r air mm l n M dste or l . i m l av i h m l w th s o t h s o g ess e es sessile , th ckis , ost y
10- 30 mm l n 5- 12 m m id b va blan la auri l d at the ba o g , w e , o o te to o ceo te , c e se , a l inn a l n rva if at all th we k y p te y e te , , e su rfaces glan dular pubescen t like the s m the m ar in d n i ula . Fl r a ill ar a an o at a n d te s , g s e t c te owe s x y, rr ged 1 r 2 o e ,
' the dun l lan dular ub n bra a - m l 2 m m l n . al pe c es g p esce t , cte te , ost y 6 o g Sep s zt kali m m l n landular ub n ub nd d b 1 or 2 ba al bra ke , o g , g p esce t , s te e y s cts , the la r m ha h - r r han al . C r ll a m l 1 0 1 3 m m l n tte so ew t s o te t the sep s o o s ost y o g , 96 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 03 February 1 993
blu ur l the ub min u l ub n l b 2-4 m m l n not e to p p e , t e te y p esce t , the o es o g ,
abr u u l ca. m m l n ara st rongly 2 lipped. Anther thecae gl o s , p rp e , o g , sep ted
a b a v id - m m hi h 4 valva the a i b nn iv . ul 5 6 y glo ose co ect e C ps es o o , g , te , p ces
d i a ca. m m l n the ur a i o n . v i erect r early so Seeds o oi , st p t te , o g , s f ces w th
dinal lin . ca r d minu ar arran d in ca. 12 l n u s tte e te w ts , ge o git es Plan ts from the m ore eastern parts of Texas an d Tam aulipas tend to have
m a ar l av ic nam so ewh t l ger thinner e es than those to the west , to wh h the e
tem odia ur usii has b a li d r i r is r la iv l li l varia i n S p p een pp e , othe w se the e e t e y tt e t o in the t axon .
REPRESENTATIV E SPECIMENS
ld r o . l N TED TATE . T a : am r n o : In n Ar C U I S S ex s C e o C ope fie s , oyo mi rad Brid 1 9 Mar 1 7 Run on 1 61 Hidal Co . : 5 o o ge , 93 , y 4 go N
M cAllen 29 Feb 1944 Pain ter 1 69 TEX . La Salle Co . : n r und of , , 44 ( ) ope g o n ar riv r ulla 1 Mar 1 1 7 Palm er 1 1 2 6 arr Co e e , Cot , 6 9 , 9 St
mi NE o rande i on r ad 7 9 Oct 1954 Thar 5 1 901 of Ri G C ty o 55 , , p 4 v l Val V rde o . : u E an t rim r ab i e C j st of L g ry, ock o e M e
C an n v r ar a n ar indmill 2 A r 1 7 Johns ton 1 2 9 TEX . yo , o e flow e e w , 9 p 9 9 , 44 ( )
W bb Co . : andbar o ran d n ar d Au 1 M a kenzie 90 e s s of Ri G e , ear L e o , g 899 , c
( PH) .
E CO. ahuila: mi Nu v i a ca. 1 1 1 Ju M XI Co W of e o Ros t , 500 ft ,
Johns ton Ma 1 25 68 TEX . D uran : mi NW rm 4 959 ( ) go of Ye o , y ,
2 1 3 . u v Le6 n : Ba l ld b n i ad l an d T n ria 44 (LL) N e o tt efie etwee C t e e e ,
1 4 re - G 1 . : b 8 7 9 MO Tam auli a 4 5 mi d. an 1 Fe 1 96 , gg 4 ( ) p s S of C M te , 8 3 78 V ra ruz : km hi l 2 an 1 70 C am 4 e c 3 N of C jo , 6 J 9 ,
Pom a p 4760 (MEX U) .
STEMODIA TEN UIF OLIA Minod
Stem odia tenui olia 1 18 Minod Bull . oc . Bot . n v set . 11 9 f , S Ge e e , , ' T : w w s Mo PE E O. o a or l ali o da es e Y M XIC / st te oc ty, / te , S 5
- s . n . ( 7) (HOLOTYPE: G D C ; Photoholotypes: thou ght the type was collected by Pavon ; act ually the sheet co was probably a collection of Sesse which was par t of the Pavon
ium m u h as lain d or t m odia n l ta o d , c exp e f S e eg ec Min , ( although no han dscript validates the in terpretation m a h m a rial r m i an d i h a n a type tc es te f o Méx co M c o ca , ll r vi i d an d du li a i ll i n co ecto s s te , p c tes of Sesse Mog no co ect o s
n n be in the Pav n h rbarium m hi h r id at G . k ow to o e , so e of w c es e )
' Pr ra or ra lin r nnial h rb 1 - 4 cm hi h m im i h ost te sp w g pe e e s 5 5 g , so et es w t der rhiz m h rmin a il o es , t ese fo g sm all p tches or colonies . Stem s p ose Turn er Cowan : Stem odia in North Am erica an d West In dies 97
s e av 2 crin kly spreadin g m ultisept ate hairs 1 mm long or m ore . Mid t m le es a l cm l n cm id i l 2- 6 m m or 3 to node , most y o g , w e; pet o es
a va va e- lli ic ar l il iall al n long; blades bro dly o te to o t e pt , sp se y p ose , espec y o g t v t ur a a l an dul ar un a the m ar in ra r he eins , he lower s f ces we k y gl p ct te , g s the
t Fl er axillar arran d 2 - 4 at a n d the dun l evenly crenulodent a e . ow s y, ge o e , pe c es
- - bra a 1 m m l n ar l il . S al ali e 6 8 mm l n il e cte te , 6 o g, sp se y p ose ep s d: k , o g, p ose ,
- l i o i i la a . r lla ca. mm l n ars l hi r linear n ceol te Co o s 8 o g , sp e y p ose , w te wh t sh , the
- br u ub ni ll n l b 1 2 mm l n . An r a la t es gree sh ye ow withi , the o es o g the thec e g o s , l ca. ara b an val nn iv ca. mm a r . Ca u m m long , sep ted y o co ect e c oss ps e m m b a v a. 4 va the a i r . d ca. ro dly o oid, c 6 m m high , val te , p ces e ect See s
- l n lli id i i a l n i udin all ul a i 6 8 ribs. o g, e pso , st p t te , o g t y s c te w th DISTRIBUTION ( Figure Western México in m ont an e areas alon g
- - Pa i c l in in r 1 1 0 1 700 11 1 rin Au v m b r . c fi s opes p e fo ests , 0 ; flowe g gust No e e
B au its low a n r nni abi a iv l r br ad l av ec se of spr wli g pe e al h t , rel t e y sho t o e es
and v r r dun l a r la iv l a il id n i d a n . eem clearl e y sho t pe c es , e t e y e s y e t fie t xo It s s y related to Stem odia chiapensis in nearly all of its characters except those dis
u d und r th la c sse e e tter.
SPECIMENS EXAMINED
E C . Jali : ierra del Hal n ar a lumb r ad l avin Col M XI O sco S o , e er o e g the im a hi a 7 mi SSW T ali l n an d n din E ard an idr ghw y of ec t a exte g S tow S Is o , 3
‘ mi r m hi a in red la il on l 1 0 m 14 Au 1 57 f o the ghw y c y so steep s opes , 53 , g 9 ,
Mc Vau h 1 61 77 CH 1 1 - 12 km SW T ali l n 1 6 - 1 m 1 Nov g (MI ) ; of ec t a , 00 650 , 9
1970 Me Vau h 2 8 0 CH 16- 18 km ENE uau i l n 1 750 m 27 Nov , g 44 (MI ) ; of C t t a , ,
' 198 Santan a 8 2 1 3 WIS . n c : T m a al c Aca i l n 1 130 m 16 , 4 ( ) Me o e sc tepe , t t a , , Nov 1 Hin ton 933 52 1 8 . ic a n : hill rr Tan i ar NW , (K) M ho ca foot s of Ce o c t o , sl 6 - 7 km S P riban de Ram 1600 m 2 Nov 1 0 M e au h 2 6 opes , of e os , , 9 97 , V g 485
(MICH) .
STEMODIA VERTICILLATA (Miller) Hassler
Stem odia verticilla ta ill r Ha l r on tr . l ha C F . o 1 . 1 . BA (M e ) ss e , C c . 1 0 909 SIONYM : Erinus i illatus d vert ill r ard. D i t. ed. . 1 . tem o ia c M e , G c , 8 768 S a i rv ora W . T. Ai n rt Ho us Kew. ed. 2 . 1 12 ba d u n Er p fl to , , 8 ( se po in us verti illat ill . t us er S em odiacra verti illata ill r un z Rev. c M ) c ( M e ) K t e ,
Gen . l P . 1 Lin dernia verti ill n 89 1 . c ata (Miller) Britton i Britton 8: Wil n ot B . Porto i o V ra ru : so , R c 1925 . TYPE: MEXICO. e c z
1 73 1 o H us tou . n s n . H P : , ( OLOTY E BMl) .
Ca rario humilis lan d i . n Hortus ew. ed. 7 S r W . T . A 1 p o e iton , K , 89 Lin dern ia h m il u lan i o o t v e . is S d r M n d Bull . o c . B . n s r ( o e ) , S Ge e e , 1 91 . tem odi hum il . 8 S a is S lan d r D a n Rev . Mus II ( o e ) wso , 98 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 03 February 1 993
modia hum ilis Pav n er a la a ec . Bot . 1956 . Ste L P t , S (Not o
ir h anks . Mi od T PE: Ea ndi 1 78 1 S Jos e B s n. n , Y st I es , , p
: (HOLOTYPE K) .
T PE: l 1 1 7 . C Stem odia P . 8 Y OLOM “ ” a u data uminis Ma dal enae r e Ban BIA. Crescit in rip m n fl g p op co ,
PE: P l d 1 80 1 Hum boldt 8 Bon lan d s . n . ECTOT , p (L Y [se ecte
7 l. In d. cc. 4 . Poarium veronicoides Desvaux ez Hamil n Prodr . P O 6 to ,
: A P B His afiola : w o ific 1 825 . TYPE DOMINIC N RE U LIC [ p ] / spec
w H T PE: P . l cali o da D esvaux s . n . o ty, / te , ( OLO Y )
di . . PE: B A tem o a m acrotricha lla Herb. edem 1 5 T R S Co , P 83 Y “ ” H : Arenosis ad o B lm n e w o da M artins s . n . ZIL Ri e o t , / te , ( OLO
TYPE: TO) .
'
inna a 1878 . Her estis di us d. es: . p fl a Will Cham . Schlecht , L e
b illd - o e l d in s n : r W . 1 1 B D Micr fich . Ci T PE He . W Y 444 ( ILL , ) te y
onymy.
- m var Erect or sprawlin g rather delicate ann ual herbs 5 25 cm high . Ste s
Midstem iously pubescent with both glan dular or eglan dul ar pilose hairs . l av m l 10- 1 m m l n - 14 mm id i l - 1 m m l n il e es ost y 8 o g , 6 w e; pet o es 5 0 o g , p ose ,
radin in blad blad va sub alm atel n rva il the sur g g to the es ; es o te , p y e te , p ose ,
a l r a ill ar in n i u u l un a m ar n crenulo dentate . F f ces co sp c o s y p ct te , the gi s owe s x y,
- - l arran d 2 4 at a n d th a a mm l n . a ge o e , e pedicels ebr cte te , mostly 1 2 o g Sep s
- lla 2- mm l n blu ur li h 5 :t ali 3 4 mm l n il . C r 3 , ke , o g, p ose o o s o g, e to p p s , the
ub b n . n arl labr u 2 li d the l b ca. 1 m m l n ar l u t es e y g o s , ppe , o es o g , sp se y p esce t
An h l n a b an nlar d nn iv r h a labr u ca. mm ar d t e t ec e g o s , o g , sep te y e ge co ect e
- ca. mm a r . Ca ul n arl l b m l mm hi h 2 4 c oss ps es e y g o ose , ost y g , ( ) lva a mm va i r . b a d id ca. te , the p ces e ect Seeds ro dly obpyrami al to ellipso , l n i i a l n u all a i - m num b r 2 n o g , st p t te , o git din y sulc te w th 6 8 ribs . Chromoso e e ,
22 .
D STR B T N Fi ure 12 Wid read and c mm n d hr u h I I U IO ( g s , esp o o wee t o g out m r i ost of t op cal Am erica; flowering all season s .
Thi i an nod 1 a d it as s s easily recognized weedy species . Mi ( 9 18) tre te the nl m mb r i rnia B au the 2 00 or m r h o y e e of the genus L nde . ec se of 0 o e s eets a vailable in m any herbaria we have abbreviated the cit ation s that follow .
REPRESENTATIV E SPECIMENS
hi a r dl m r 1 1 78 MEXICO. C pas : B ee ove 1 61 60 Colim a: Pal e ia GH . u ez : eler . : M ( ) G errero : Hinton 60 1 0 (GH) . Hidalgo S 628 (GH) Jalisco 1 88 6 México : Hin ton 2 96 6 Oaxaca:
M artin ez ur us 40 7 (GH) . Tabasco : Cowan 46 65 Veracruz : P p 2444
- bruar 1 993 lum 1 03 Fe y 1 00 P H Y O L O G I A vo e
Mexico . bu i n Stem odia verti illata in Figure 1 3 . Dist ri t o of c Turn er Cowan : Stem odia in North Am erica an d Wes t In dies 10 1
ar a : Holm 69 Gua CENTRAL AMERICA: CO STA RICA. C t go
H r dia: Gra am 1 771 D E . Lim é n : Cowan nac aste : M orley 75 7 (F) . e e y ( UK ) wan 0 Pun ar na : Wilbur 2 76 1 5 D E . San J : Co 53 45 74 (TEX ) . t e s ( UK ) osé 4 (TEX ) a Ana: tan d ua a n : tan dle 20259 GH . San S EL SALVAD OR . Ah ch pa S y ( ) t ley 3 1 24 ( F) .
Al a V ra a : te erm ark 632 0 F . C i uim ula: Stan GUATEMALA. t e p z S y 4 ( ) h q
l F . cuin la: tan dle 6 599 F . abal: Stan d e 2 070 dley 71 930 (F) . Es t S y 4 ( ) Iz y 4 ( )
P n : Lun dell 3 1 5 TEX . u z al nan lutiapa: Stan dley 75822 (F) . ete 4 ( ) Q e te go
al ul u : tan dle 88 77 F . Sac u z : Ste er Standley 6789 1 (F) . Ret h e S y 3 ( ) atepeq e y k m rk an a a: Stan dle 77809 F . S l la: Ste erm ar 7 93 a 60843 (F) . S t Ros y ( ) o o y 4 4
dle 2 998 tan dle F . E Parai : Stan 6 HOND URAS. Atlantida: S y 543 02 ( ) l so y
dle 1 1 F . r : : tan dle F . Olanc : tan 76 5 (F) . Morazan S y 1 88 65 ( ) ho S y ( ) Yo o n Hern d dez 1 065 (MO) .
CONTROV ERSIAL AND EXCLUD ED NAMES (for the area con cerned)
h to hra nt d i . m m . m rm ra n T rr . Pennell eil r Sc is p g a i e e ia (A. G y o ) K (pe s co
i s u os ora. We beli ve it would position this taxon . n hi concept of Le c p e h uld ai s o rem n where Penn ell positioned it .
his t c h m e n his t hra m a. o ra m a a Di r. Thi is enerit e c o S p g zic a D . et s the g yp of S p g i di c mm . d i n . interm e a Ke l (pers . o ) woul pos tio this t axon along with S
in his c n Leucos ora. We b li v b ci al n i S. o cept of p e e e oth spe es , o g w th
ol sta h a uld be r ch to hra a. p y c y , sho etained within S is p gm
Schis to hra m a ll chis to h a m z i an a D . i r . p g pusi a Benth . S p ragm e c D et
St e m o dia c o u h ile n sis . n . . . om n b d u n a J H t B L Turn er b. ov. a ( e ) , c se po Leucos ora coahuil hi a n is ensis . Hen . . p J r , Aliso 1989 T s t xo cl l r la d Stem odia m ulti d as n d b its ri nal au r. ose y e te to fi a, ote y o gi tho For addi i l i nal c mm n see . m u d t o o e ts S t fi a, below .
Stem odia osta i r ensis B . L. Turn arc a tari is . u r B . L. c c er D y cos cens ( B L. T rne ) Turn er (in
‘ Stem odia multi ida ich . n . u s lt Nutt . f (M x ) Spre g Le co pora m u ifida ( Michx . ) ’ In the senior author s opinion this t axon belon gs within hi s con cept of Stem odia It has no unique features which might distinguish it from yet other species of the group ; this is discu ssed in m ore detail in our di u i l n n ri r la i n hi il r . m m . is urr n sc ss o of ge e c e t o s ps . Ke (pe s co ) c e t y und rt a in a m a i d the la r e k g syste t c study of Leucospora an d has retaine tte , i in hi i i n v r di chis t hra m a. o r a d w th w ch he pos t o s the e y fferent S op g S t e te , 102 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 03 February 1 99
’ n il r is aw t Leu cospora would be grossly aphyletic . Si ce Ke s wo k ai in
a i n b au h as ha m a rial n rn d public t o , and ec se e h d most of the te s co ce e 0 .
l an for m e im we ave not includ d Leu cos ora en u il in on o so t e , h e p , s s Ke ,
rea m n i is li le m m en inc nl l l r la d tax t t e t , wh ch of tt o t s e o y two c ose y e te v v are in ol ed.
dia ol s ta h a . se . : . tem o Bran de ee Pr . ali . Acad r 2 2 1 889 S p y c y g , oc C f , ,
t h o m b. n o Schis o ra m a l st ach a Bran de ee B . L. Turn r o v. p g p y y ( g ) e , c
t m odia radi ans s elo h llum radi ans riseb. P nn ll . S e c Gri eb. Ch p y c (G ) e e
’ ’ tem odia reli uiarum ar li . Turn r i S q D Arcy D cya re quiarum ( D Arcy) B L. e (
tem odia sili osa ss h hra m m n a . S u e é i c is to a ezica D . Di r q S 81. Mog no S p g et
ACKNOWLED GMENTS
This study is based upon the examination of approxim ately spe in cus from 34 herbaria as follows ( numbers in parentheses refer to s concern ed) : ARIZ B BAF BKL BM C CTES DUKE ENCB F G GH HAL K LE LIL LL M MEM ME MICH MO NY OX F P PH SC O SI TEX UC US WIS We
ra ul the In g tef to Directors of these in stitu tions for the loan of m aterial. di i n uni r au fi t o , the j o thor studied an d collected m ost of the species in the includin g popul ation s in a n l d the i d . a an J . Grim D . arn D . il an ck ow e ge ss st ce of es , Ke s , Ke , L in m a bibli a r r D r. u d a i a i tte s og phic . G y Nesom provi ed the L t n di gnos s b an d . P. t oth he T Ram am oo r hy reviewed the m anu script .
LITERATURE CITED
Bar r W . . 1 1 . tem l R 98 S odia in F . en tral us tralia. ke , , C A 326 .
Barr . M . 1 . . oso , C 952 Scrophulariaceae in digen as e exotic as no Brasil
dri ues a - g i 64 .
B n h - am G. 1 846 . tem odia in rodr e t , S , DC . , P . 38 5 . Turn er Cowan : Stem odia in N orth Am erica an d Wes t In dies 1 03
’ d. m a n n . i uri Bot . ar c . . tem odia in Fl ra Pana A G D Ar y, W 1 979 S , o of , M sso
- 26 2 .
- tr . r . 4 tem o ia l. llus t En e ios 7 1 a . d I D n . 1 7 in F R wso , G 9 9 S ,
v hro s om um bers o Flow rin Plan ts . F d r . ed 1 7 . m o e N e e o o , G [ ] 96 C f g Moscow ,
U SSR .
w t e ham m d. 1 2 . Ne s em o dan Huff rd C . D . B . O untim ein . u 99 o , , g , I M e
- lo dia 2 . diterpen es from Stem odia m aritim a. L y 5
’
Mino d . 1 1 . n b étu e du nr tem odia et du r u des , M 9 8 Co t ri ution a l d ge e S g o pe
' - té v 2 . e Bull . o c . Bot . n ser. 2 S m odi es en Am éri ue . q S Ge e e , II , 5
P nn F . . . a . ci . ll W 1 923 . r ul aria a uba. Pr . A ad N t e e , Sc oph ce e of C oc c S
P ilad l hi a - h e p 21 .
he a 1 935 . T r ul aria a a rn m ra N r Am ri Sc oph ce e of e ste te pe te o th e c ,
- ad. a P la o Ac N t . ci . a S hi delphi M nogr . 650 .
S m ur F . . 1 9 . tem odia i a o o a C 76 S n r hul ria a in i ara ua. Ph t l ey o , , Sc op ce e N c g y gi
- 1 53 .
,
dl . S an P . . . a m odia n a a a C L O Willi m . . te u t ey, s 1973 S , i Flor of G tem al ,
Fieldia a: - Bot . n 407 .
Subram anian D . . o u 1 . totaxonom ical udi u h , R P ndm di . 98 7 Cy st es of So t
ndi an S r hul a - tolo a . I c op ari ceae . Cy gi 54 1
- von W in . m d r R 1 . te 891 S o ia in Natu . anz e ettste , , Pfi n 74 .
W ni r - B . . Haa Berrurie d r R . An n . 1 2 . a u as e ge , , M g , 85 to 98 Pl nts of Haiti se
an i r ili a n - J . Ethno a a t fe t ty ge ts . ph rm col . 84 . ’ G” Orzelll BE !
- hytologia ( February 1 9 9 3 ) 1 24 .
de bating” maphotogn
' ddition A M ERIOCAULACEAE A NEW ducteda ERIOCAULON NIGROBRAC TE TU ( ) , mmmm” OM R DA PANHANDLE W THA CHARACTER AT O PECIES FR THE FLO I , I IZ I N OF ITS POOR FEN HABITAT
v rz ll Ste e L . O e
Fl rida a ur al Ar a nv n r 1 1 Th m a vill R ad Sui 200- o N t e s I e to y, 0 8 o s e o , te C,
all aha Fl rida 2 0 . . A. T ssee , o 3 3 3 U S
d Edwin L. Bri ges
Fl rida D ar m n Envir nm n al R ula i n 2600 Blair S n R ad o ep t e t of o e t eg t o , to e o ,
Tallaha Fl rida 323 U . S. A. ssee , o 99
ABSTRACT
E r iocaulo n nigr o b r act e at um is described as a n ew sp ecies t e stricted t o deep sapric nm ck soils of weakly oligotrophic poo r fens in
the Gul a t al lan d t e a t t l da anhan dl h re f Co s Low s of h e s cen ral F ori p e, w e
it is urr ntl kn n r m Ba alh un an d ul un ti . It is mo t c e y ow f o y, C o , G f co es s
t o the n rt h rn nit d Stat es similar Eriocaulon septangalare With . of o e U e ,
an dis di t h b it s ' er tat an d ral a t and s inguis ed y gen ally smaller s ure flo p r s ,
it s sed v A ke is ro expo dark gray in olucral bract s on mature heads . y p
' ' vided to di tin n i r bracteatum m th e i Eriocaulon s guish E . g o fro o er sp c es of
in ea t rn distri s e North Am erica. Th e phenology and narrowly en demic
'
bution . n i ro at va ular lant of E g bm cteatum are discus sed. Associ ed sc p
taxa and an ecological description of it s poor fen habitat are provided.
' KEYWORD S: Eriocaulon ni robra te tum aula a Fl rida g c a , Erioc ce e , o ,
r n o poo fe s , fl ristics
In ar h 1 9 1 hil urv in th a a a h rb commu M c of 9 , w e s ey g e flor of s pric seep ge e
' i in the Fl rida anh an dl an un u u al dimi u iv E riocaulon i h ull t es o p e , s , n t e w t f ) S m e at ure inflorescences was collected from several sites in Bay County. o
h i r r vi i d in arl A an n r collectec f t ese s tes we e e s te e y pril 1 991 , d specim e s we e md m ai nt ain ed alive through mid- May in order to observe any changes it h ir unu u all m all dark h ad d t v In ar h 1992 e s y s , e s an diminu i e st at ur e . M c of Orz ell Bridges : N e w Eriocaulon from Florida 105
after havin g identified potential habit at for this plant from black an d white a ul an d al h un un i con aerial photographs of adj cent G f C o co t es , we
v hi h r ul d in v ral i b in l a d du cted additional field sur eys , w c es te se e s tes e g oc te
D ail d amina i n r v al d v ral di in hara r in these counties . et e ex t o e e e se e st ct c cte s h l lan an d be which were con sistent throughout the growt cyc e of the p t , we h n it r n d an un d rib d nd mi i . A ar cam e co vin ced rep ese te esc e , e e c spec es se c of the followin g herbaria failed to un cover any specim en s
' h b iv hi a r ni ro bracteatum r vi u our ll i n . T e of E . g , p e o s to co ect o s o ject es of t s p pe are : 1 d rib the new i Erio aulon an d 2 d rib it s r ) to esc e spec es of c ; ) to_ esc e poo a fen habit t .
TED E ri c aul n n i ro brac t at u m Brid rz ll s . n ov. T PE: o o g e ges O e , p Y UNI
l da: Ba un : D m u ua in a rba STATES. F ori y Co ty eep ck q k g seep ge he
ceous bo r fen in vall Sand Cr ca. mi S FL 22 g (poo ) ey of y eek , of .
on b h id a d r ad Alvi H lm d. jct ot s es of S n y C eek Ro , j ust N of e o es R
ul a ai mi N ul r an d and jct . , E of M e Creek , c . r E of M e C eek S y
'
r . ca. . ai alla a E W W ec . 23 C eek jct , 8 5 r mi ESE of C w y; N Q , S Q , S Q , S ,
W El v . 1 T4S R12W Allan n uad. 3 _ , ; to Q ; N , ; e
ft . 9 A r 199 1 Orz ell 8 Brid es 1 63 02 H T PE: TEX : ; p , g ( OLO Y ; Isotypes
- Figures 1 4 .
. H rb F a ulata ba i b d a r nni d n a i a. s e pe e s e se c esp tos oli ro , e s al e o
viridescentia lin ari- a nua a x m m i e u , e tte t , rr g la t in m ri er l a a. a i r a lia m ul su eran s co p ete sept t Sc p oc e fo to p ,
cm l n a ore a bli u b d . a a u o g , perto o q o ifi o Sc pus m t ru s fil
iformis - - te to t u s 5 15 19 cm l n u m m diam . s irali r r ( ) o g s , , p
lerum ue 4- a i ula a a ca - - p q carin atus . C p t m t ur hemisphaeri 3 4 5) mm diam in rn - a um , fe e fusco nigrican tia superne albedo . Recept cul v v lae e . In olucre bracteate exteriores late ovatae vel orbiculares
m m a - i obtusae inte rae u ni ricantes . R x , p ce g , f sco g ecep
a uli bracteolae i 1 m m la ovatae au t mi n u - a au t t c , te , o o f sco grise e
ba i allescentes ad a ice d r ar t s p , p m o so m gineq ue pilis clava is den se
- obsitae . F10 5 m a ulinu : ala riseo ran lu da bl n a cir a sc s sep g t s ci , o o g c
m m urva - n ava b u r arin a a a i tun ata , c to co c , o sc e c t , p ce ro d , ex
t us ad a icem et ala p m argine su periori pilis clavatis obsita. Pet
in r subae uilon a allida c lindrum an u stu m m te se q g , p , y g m zt
l n um a u um efform an tia in u ir a lan dulas et ad m ar n o g c t , t s c c g gi es ili clavatis albi rovisa. An therae ni ra la elli soide ae p s s p g e , te p d:
m m lon ae vix vel haud e v xsertae fil am en tis b bre ibus . Fl g , , al is os
foemineu s: ala bl n a arum urva - arin a a 1 m m l n a sep o o g , p c to c t i o g , riseo- ran lu ida d r et m ar n u i avatis ilia a. g t s c , o so gi e s periori p lis cl c t
P al a bl n a :l: 1 m m b u a in u et u m ar in ul ra et o o g , o t s , t s sec s g es t 1 06 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 24 February 1 993
li avatis obsit a su erficie in rn a iam trichom ati m edium pi s cl , p te et bus elongatis multicellul aribus tran slucidis pilosa; capsula pallida brunnea bicarpellata :I: x m m ; semina orbicularis ziz
m diam obscurissime re i ula a. m , t c t
ar d n l m b ba al ff h . av in a ba al Perennial, forming l ge e se c u ps y s o s oots Le es s r i i b l dar r n ab v lin ar- a nua cm osette , wh t sh e ow , k g ee o e , e tte te , l n mm id irr ularl and in m l l a e a rin v nl o g, w e , eg y co p ete y sept t , t pe g e e y l n r an r m a al a r n m a u ba . a a m u f o p e , e e chy to s se She th of sc pe ch o ge th the
- l av cm l n ri l bli u h alin bifid. a ur e es , o g , the o fice oose , o q e , y e , M t e
a d li a l filiform li h r n 5- 1 5 - 1 9 cm l n mm br ad sc pe e c te y , g t g ee , ( ) o g , o , l m im r n i d m l 4 rid d. a ur ad mi ri a st o gly tw ste , ost y ge M t e he s he sphe c , so et es l b e en r d mm br ad dar ra bla b l due g o os wh p esse , o , k g y to ck e ow
the d inv lucral bra i ab v due d n l i - hair to expose o cts , wh te o e to the e se y wh te y
a t r a l m h . tips of the perian th parts an d bractlets . Surf ce of he ecept c e s oot
Ou er inv lucral brac br adl va rbicular mm l n t o ts o y o te to o , o g, l mm id m h dar a bla the r und d n ir . ec a u ar w e , s oot , k gr y to ck , tips o e , e t e R ept c brac le ab u l n br adl va uni rml dar ra or li h l t ts o t mm o g, o y o te , fo y k g y s g t y li r ll i h or hi i at b the a d n l i lava hair on ghte ye ow s w t sh ase , pex e se y wh te c te y
- bac an m ar in . al : al a u n bl n ca. mm the k d g M e flower sep s gr y tran sl ce t , o o g , l n n av - urva b urel d a r und d the u r a an d o g , co c e c te , o sc y keele , the pex o e , o te pex d l und u r m ar n n l i lava air . P al ub ual al lar ppe gi e se y wh te c te h y et s s eq , p e , ge y fo in a narr l l n d al u a u a u the inn r ur a ow y cy i ric struct re bo t mm long , c te , e s f ce around the glan ds and the m argin s of the pet al lobes with white clavate hairs . A t n r bla br a id ca. v r d or no the s ck , o dly ellipso , m m long , ery slightly exse te
r ed r h ad o : al bl n exe t f om the e n short white fil am ents . Fem ale flower sep s o o g,
li h va - - va the l cur l d ca. m l n a n la on s g t y te kee e , m o g , gr y t ran slu ce t , white c te b a d u r m ar in . bl a l b the u r an P al n c . mm n u ck ppe g et s o o g , o g , o t se , ppe inn r ur ac and u r m ar in hi c ava the n r ur a al e s f es ppe g s w te l te hairy, in e s f ce so d n l hair i l n l ar i ll ri a ul li h br n e se y y w th o g , c e , mult ce ul ar t chomes , c ps e g t ow , bi a c r lla e mm id ca. mm hi h d rbi ular ca. mm pe t , w e , g , see s o c , l n v r b c o g , e y o s urely reticulate .
Fl erin in ar and A ril wi m a ur d in A ril and Ma a ow g M ch p , th t e see s p y; sc pes and inflorescen ces scarcely or not at all visible in other season s .
Addi i al l da: B a C o t on collection s ( Paratypes) : UNITED STATES. F ori y am as l ali 1 M rz ll s e type oc ty, 3 ar 199 1 , O e 8 Bridges 1 6 1 09
D m u ua n a ba ou bo r fen eep ck q ki g seep ge her ce s g (poo ) , n ar ran mi i n lin r-o - w on l u NW r-o- w r in on i l e t s ss o e , s ope j st of c oss g L tt e San d C r ca. air air mi u a r u t ca. y eek , pst re m f om m o th a San dy Creek , mi NE Farm dal E l n S NW NW ec . an of e; Q , Q , Q , S 36 , T4S, R12W , A l to
- uad. d es W El v . 2 ft . rz ell ri Q ; N , ; e 13 0 ; 9 Apr 1 99 1 , O 8 B g
1 63 06 Mar rz ell rid es 1 61 03 13 199 1 , O 8 B g Stream head seepage bog (poor fen ) on N side of FL
108 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 24 February 1 993
TAXONOMIC RELATIONSHIPS
ri o aul n ni ro bracteatum am n r h Am ri an i Erio aulon E c o g , o g No t e c spec es of c ,
lar . . articulatum r n is l in a aran E . se tan u e Wi E c osest ppe ce to p g th Mo o g ,
o a a h r i Hill D u . ellu idum a b nd l E . a uati um r E c q c [ ] ce , p g kes o e spec es rim aril und r m anadian S i ld u the Gr a a r i n p y fo f o the C h e so th to e t L kes eg o ,
En lan d and u h ard n ar A lan i a a rn r h Car New g , so t w e the t t c co st to e ste No t
lina Moldenke 1 937 ral 1966 Di un l a i n E . s e tan u o ( ; K , sj ct oc t o s of p g lare are und in r a Bri ain the Ri d and Vall Pr vin Au u a fo G e t t , ge ey o ce of g st
un Vir inia and u i nabl in Blu d Pr vinc H n d r n Co ty, g , q est o y the e Ri ge o e of e e so
lon ni robrac atum is di in ui d r m un a a. rio u e Co ty, North C rolin E ca g t st g she f o
s e tan ulare b it s inv lu ral bra hi h are no t sm aller specim en s of E . p g y o c cts w c reflexed and are con sistently an d con spicuously uniformly dark gray even on m a ur ad its n i n l m all r av ra in nl 2 iz t e he s , co s ste t y s er flowe parts , e g g o y 3 the s e h rr ndin ar E . se tan ulare an d its m all r rbi ular ra r of the co espo g p ts of p g , s e , o c t e
v Addi i nall the m axi an a d hi h is r i ul a ra h a ria . th o te , see w c et c te t er th n st te t o y,
lare are not a r a h d mum i of the l av s a an dh ad . e tan u s ze e e , sc pes , e s of E s p g pp o c e
b . ni r b tan E o racteatum al h u h m all r or im a u im n E . s e y g , t o g s e m t re spec e s of p
ulare The ab u r a l l arl d in ui h hi g m ay be a similar siz e . gl ro s ecept c e c e y ist g s es t s
i m . decan om te n 6 rn . r E ulare L. E . c ressum Lam . an d E . z e s e K spec es f o g , p , , an d the dark gray con spicuous involu cral bracts an d sm all st at ure distinguish
lin ar o it r . Eri aulon n i robract atum uld ke im r l in f om E e e Sm all . c g e wo y pe fect y
ral 1 a raven elii ha m . or K ( 966 ) nd Godfrey 85 Wooten ( 1 979) to either E . C p
- E . korn ickian m v i u a Ar . b ui diff r n i h ch n Huerck 86 u ll . M e g , oth q te e e t spec es w do not d i nall rm d n l n liv d lu ni robra t a um . fo the e se , o g e c m ps of E . g c e t A dit o y,
E . raven elii lcorn ickianum lacks white clavate hairs on the floral parts an d E . has a o ul n i br eatum m str mineous outer involucral bracts . Eri ca o n gro act see s to be con sistently the m ost diminu tive Eriocaulon in eastern North Am erica
n r h i . The iz the l av a a d a e n o t of Méx co s e of e es , sc pe , n he d ar reminisce t of
Lachnocaulon d b t i s a bi a el i num K5rn . u gy , t i e sily distin guished from this c rp la Lachn ocaulon b it s h unbran h d a r a l av i h te y fles y, c e , sept te oots , sept te e es w t la unar i u dar ra inv lu ral bra abr u r a l hi lava c t ss e , k g y o c cts , gl o s ecept c e , w te c te
i h m on r ral ar an d bla a . t c o es the flo p ts , ck nthers The followin g key ( adapted from Kral ( 1 966 ) an d Kral in Godfrey Wooten ( 1979) can be u sed to distin guish Eriocaulon nigrobracteatum from other species of Eriocaulon in eastern North Am erica
1 . H ad lar ld m l an 1 cm br ad in r or rui a ld m e s ge , se o ess th o flowe f t , sc pes se o
r r han 2 dm all l av ld m h r r han cm n 2 sho te t t , e es se o s o te t 5 lo g
1 . H ad m all r rar l m r han m m br ad in r o r rui a e s s e , e y o e t o flowe f t , sc pes
rar l as l n as 2 dm h n lan are d l u bm r d l av e y o g (except w e p ts eep y s e se ) , e es u u all l han 5 cm l n 3 s y ess t o g (except when subm ersed) . Orz ell Bridges : Ne w Eri ocaulon from Florida 1 09
m at ur l ave u su all din h ath s a 2 . H ads hard h n e w e e , e s y excee g s e of c pe;
l r decan u a e . E . v ral bra t ram in u a u . in olu c cts s eo s , c te g L
H ad s t an d a il m r d v n" wh n m atur Ie aves s ho rter 2 . e s of e s y co p esse e e e e ,
han sh a h a inv lu r al. bra ts ra ish r un d d t e t of sc pe; o c c g y , o e
com r ess um Lam . E . p
ur a the r a l an d r bas s the r i h m an l n 3 . S f ce of ecept c e /o e of flo ets w t y o g,
narr m ul i llular ran lu n ri h m rian h ar an d r ow , t ce , t s ce t t c o es ; pe t p ts ecep
v . t r enas rn . t acular bractlets with white cla ate t richom es E . e Ko
a t a l abr u o r bu t ar l t richo miferou s rian h 3 . Surf ce of he recept c e gl o s sp se y ; pe t parts an d recept acular bractle t s either sm ooth or with white clavate 4 t richom es .
h r rar adv n tiv in 4 . S am n 6 car eIs 3 on an l n a e n t e s , p e o g t gy op o e ( e e e
i a rn 4 . S am n 4 car l 2 o n a h rt n h r id s r ad n t e s , pe s s o gy op o e (w e p e e ste
P ri avat t 5 . e anth parts an d recept acul ar bractlets with copiou s white cl e ri
h m hu the u r ar the h ad n i u u l hi n d lan c o es , t s ppe p ts of e s co sp c o s y w te e ; p ts
. typically form ing large clum ps by short lateral offshoots or short rhi
zom es . 6
P rian 5 . e th p arts an d rec ept acular bractlets with few or no white clavate
ri h m hu the u r ar the h ad ra or ra and hi t c o es , t s ppe p ts of e s g y g y w te
ban d d lan n rall li ar or in m all h rt liv d lum e ; p ts ge e y so t y s , s o e c ps 8
Ou ter involucral brac ts an d m ost recept acular bracts and sepals
hi n d or ramin u hu the l r ar the h ad al w te e st eo s , t s owe p ts of e s p e even when youn g; plants of san dy or peaty lake or pond m argin s in
o u h eor ia da a lin eare m all G Fl ri nd u h Alabam a . s t g , o , so t E S
6 . Alm ost all involucral bract s an d all recept acular bracts and sepal s
dark n d ra bla hu the a o t e h ad dark h n e e , g y to ck , t s lower p rts f h e s w e you n g; plants widespread in eastern Can ada an d n orthern United
S a or r ri d a b r ns i the sou them t tes , est cte to seep ge ogs (poo fe ) n ni U ted St ates .
- - 7 . Leaves 1 8 cm lon g; m ature scapas 4 2 1 cm lon g ( or lon ger when su b
m erse d - lin ar ca. 1 m m br ad u h ad 4 mm b ad inv lu ral ) , e , o ; m at re e s 5 ro ; o c
bra ra reflexed a o a a al cts g y, nd hidden by the florets n m ture he ds ; sep s
ca. m m l n al ca. v i ca. m m l n . o g , pet s m m lon g; seed o o d, o g
tan ulare i h . E . s ep g W t 1 10 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 2 4 February 1 993
av cm l n m a ur a 5- 1 5 - 1 9 cm l n d li a l 7 . Le es o g; t e sc pes ( ) o g , e c te y
filiform mm br ad m a ur h ad m l 3 -4 m m br ad rar l , o ; t e e s ost y o ( e y
m h n r d all inv lucral brac dar ra bla not to 5 m w e p esse ) ; o ts k g y to ck , r hid v on m a ur h ad al m m l n al reflexed o den e en t e e s ; sep s o g , pet s
m m l n d rbi ul ar ca. mm l n . o g; see o c , o g
ni robracteatum Brid 85 rz ll 2 E . g ges O e
a ular bra le rami n u or ra n r or lac ra 8 . Recept c ct ts st eo s g y, ofte e ose e te , broadly acute to obt u se; scapes linear; plants of estu arine areas of
rk ri . . i E . a e B L R b n n the cent ral an d northern Atlantic coast . p o so
a ul bra l v r dar and lu r u ub n ir and nar 8 . Recept c ar ct ets e y k st o s , s e t e rowly acute; scapes filiform ; plan ts of the southeastern and south
cent ral United St ates .
w ava tri . All rian ar d m or rar l i a fe hi l 9 pe th p ts ark , s ooth e y w th w te c te chomes on the inn er su rface of the fem ale pet als; involucral bracts all
ra d r an ul r i ul a lin arin lan the u r g y; see ect g ar et c te , the es f ose; p ts of o te
coastal plain of Florida ( and one collection in Sou th Carolina) .
ra en lii a m . E . v e Ch p
hu 9 . Perian h ar i m hi clava ri h on the m ar n t p ts w th so e w te te t c omes gi s , t s the heads gray an d white ban ded; outer involu cral bracts stramin eous ; see d p apillate or rugose; plants of rock out crops an d seepage areas in
G r a Ar an a Okla m a an d T a . eo gi , k s s , ho , ex s
- rn nu erck u ll . Ar . E . ko ickia m van Hu 85 M e g
D ISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY
Eriocaulon nigrobracteatum is a narrow endemic currently kn own from eleven sites in eastern Bay an d adj acent western Calhoun (2 ) an d north 2 rn Gul 3 un i an ar a n m a in a r xim a l km 265 weste f ( ) co t es , e e co p ss g pp o te y 689 ( mi i t e l n n i are sq ) n h eas tcent ral Florida pan han dle . The current y k ow s tes within an area bounded on the east by the lower Chipola River an d lower
A ala hi la Ri v r vall d its rib p c co e eys , extending westwar to Bear C reek an d t utaries All which discharge to Econfina Creek in northcentral Bay County. eleven sites are within the Gulf Coast al Lowlan ds physiographic region (see Brooks 1 98 1 ; Puri 85 Vern on with seven occurring alon g m ajor sou th
in draina an d h i b a a F ur flow g ges t e r t ri ut aries ( S ndy nd Wet appo C reeks) . o
i cur on the u h rn r i n the F un ai l the n r h rn m s tes oc so t e po t o of o t n S ope , o t e ost
n i n the exte s o of Gulf Coast al Lowlan ds . Nearly all of the sites for Eriocaulon nigrobracteatum occu r in m ires on d un t abl sa ric m u k l l a a iti eep s e p c s of ower s ope seep ge fed herb ceous com m un es , Orz ell 85 Bridges : N e w Eriocau lon from Florida 1 1 1
r n are li r hi which are referred to in this paper as poor fens . Poo fe s o got op c to
t ic a l i nic m a a idic nu ri n d ci n mi r weakly minero roph , we k y o , so ewh t c , t e t efi e t , es i ha num S 6 rs 1 950 Al h u the which are poor in spec es of Sp g , (see j , t o gh “ ” term poor fen is prevalen t in European wetland literat ure ( Sjiirs an d
n a a d r h Am ri an udi C r 1 990 1 99 1 C rum 1 988 Gla r i gl ci te No t e c st es ( oope , ; ; se ind ll al. W 1 7 iirs 1 959 1963 Vi et al. 1 975 Wh l r et 1983 1983 , 98 ; Sj , ; tt ; ee e ; e
it has not b n ad d in r r n v a i n et al. ee opte efe e ces to the eget t o of the
a a lain Brid 85 Orz ll 1 989 sou theas tern United St tes co st al p (except see ges e , page Poor fen s of the Florida panhandle are kn own to the authors to occur along the middle an d upper reaches of sm all st ream valleys and their i a i in a i t ar t . Andr Ba dra n tribut ries n he eastern p t of the S ews y ge , w th the western portion of the Apalachicola Em baym ent (see Schmidt The occurren ce of poor fen s within the Gulf Coast al Lowlan ds of the Florida pan handle seems to be correlated with the escarpm ents of a series
- T e as al rra r fl var of Plio Pleistocene sandy upland terraces . hes co t te ces e ect ious relict shorelines (MacNeil 1950; Rupert 1991 ; Schmidt 85 Clark 1 980)
hic n di d b r nni am vall r vid u i n w h , whe ssecte y pe e al st re eys , p o e s ffic e t topo graphic relief to intercept groundwater stored in the un consolidated su rficial d i n a ui er rmin r n . Al u h are diff r n c in ni q f , fo g poo fe s tho gh t ere e e es the efi t o s an d l va i n a due c u u na ur and b cau e e t o s of these terr ces , to their dis ontin o s t e e se past episodes of sea level fluctuation s do not necessarily leave their rem n ants at a in l va i n h r is a a i n b r n l va i n s gle e e t o , t e e rel t o ship etween the a ges of e e t o s of these poor fen s an d those of commonly accepted relict u al shorelin e escarp
v - m ents . Se en of the fen s occur from 7 26 feet above sea level and seem to fall along the dissected escarpm ent of the Talbot terrace at the top of the
Pamli o ilv r lu r S B ff T rrac at or n ar amli r lin . ne fen co e e e , e the P co sho e e O at - 1 1 98 1 ft . is at the base of the Okefenokee ( Sun derlan d) Terrace above the
Wi - mi rra . va co co te ce The rem aining three fens are from 140 160 ft . ele tion an d at the dissected m argin of the Coharie (High Plio- Pleistocene) Terrace above the k n O efe okee Terrace . The surface soil of m ost of the poor fens is a black decom posed m uck ( pH m im mi d i h ar a he d h the m u la r so et es xe w t co se s nd. T ept of ck ye vari r m 30 cm 1 2 in at l a m 7 an d is au n u havin es f o ( ) to e st ( ft) tochtho o s , g ri ina d i the r h d i h li l d or ha n um m o g te w th g owt of the se ges , w t tt e woo Sp g oss r n in m u w a p ese t the ck . One site on Wet appo Creek as underlain by a gr y
and la la r at a d 4 r d ai b s y c y ye epth of 30 to 5 cm . All other sites we e un erl n y
ar an d b l the he m u v ai n co se s e ow m u ck . T ck subst rate is ery fluid an d con t s lar a r fill d va u u ha a a n ge , w te e , c o s c nnels , m akin g determi n ation of st r tific tio r m l d ext e e y ifficul t . Soil surveys of these counties have not been con du cted in
uf i n d ail di in e i h s fic e t et to st guish a specific poor fen soil type . Th so ls of t ese sites would probably be classifiedin the existin g surveys as Rutlege (Typic Hu m a ue ts Pamli T t ri Medi sa rist s or D orovan T i Medisa rist s q p ) , co ( e c p ) , ( yp c p ) ,
i h in r a in d h t e T a the w t c e s g ept of h organic surface . he Wet ppo C reek site with 1 12 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 24 February 1 993
clay su bst rat um would probably be classified as a Pantego (Um bric Pal e aq u
ults Rain T i Palea u ults or P lham Arenic Palea uult s il . ) , s ( yp c q ) , e ( q ) so
i r ra teatum c be l all abundan in r n Eriocaulon n g ob c an oc y t these poo fe s ,
abi a an a ura d b lluri akl forming sm all clum ps in h t ts perm ently s t te y te c , we y oligotrophic groundwater seepage on the sapric m uck of un st able veget ation
The ub ra ur a is m ats an d in seep spring rivul ets within the poor fen s . s st te s f ce often covered with m ats of an algal periphyton where there is shallow surface water due to a perched water t able or associated with seep spring rivulets .
i t di n the i can be ara riz d as low Desp te som e minor floris ic ffere ces , s tes ch cte e st ature herbaceous com m unities dependent upon the interaction of edaphic an d h dr l i a r an d ri di low in n i r un d r r hibi y o og c f cto s , pe o c te s ty g o fi es , to p o t succession toward a com m unity domi nated by woody species . We have recorded a tot al of 1 72 vascul ar plants from these poor fen s (see
d as l a ia Erio aulon n i ro A ndi . 6 7 r r r d ppe x I) Of these , we e eco e c ose ssoc tes of c g bracteatum ; 20 of these 67 were recordedfrom four or m ore of the eleven known
S v n i h r n are narr l nd mi the A ala hi la sites . e e spec es of t ese poo fe s ow y e e c to p c co
lan d r in the da anhan dl en tian a en n ellian a F rn ald Pin Low s egion Flori p e ( G p e ,
uicula ion an th ss ursin a x olis reenm an ii a hi a g a Godfrey, Ny a Sm all , O yp g M t s
'
C n an Ph soste ia od r i an in Rudbeckia ramini olia T rr . 85 85 o st ce , y g g f ey C t o , g f [ o d nin ad b sin a ha m anii . . l m an an Gra C . L. Bo nt . 85 B adl Ver e J R C y] y e e , c p o e ) , e ditional species are endemic to the central East Gulf Coast al Plai n ( Arn oglos i m sul at r ha m anii . a A. er n su u bin . ste T rr 85 r c m F rn H. R A G [ e ] o s , c p o y, y g
l dora Bat r . i o ius T rr . Gra H eri um ha m anii P. Adam M ri a in o f o 85 y, yp c c p s , y c t ,
leu o Pani um nudicaule Va e Pin uicula lani olia ha m . Sarracenia c s y, g p f C p , c
h lla uni i f. ris is oeti olia a h r a a h m m Ra X ral . n p y , y f K ) M y ot e t x of t ese co t es hav ran n r din Fl rida u h rn r a an d or the u r Ea Gul e ges ce te e o , so t e Geo gi , / o te st f C a al Plain ab a u h n i i i i an d r m u h o st of southern Al am , so t er M ss ss pp , ext e e so t
a rn ui ian a A ndi Ten i 6 the ra r rd d at e ste Lo s (see ppe x spec es , % of flo eco e i are currentl under d ral r vi for ibl li in as d rall the s tes , . y fe e e ew poss e st g fe e y protected plan ts and Pinguicula ionantha is currently p roposed [Federal Reg
- ister 39 1 74] for listin g as federally threaten ed (see Appen dix I) . At one of the Bay County sites there are seven species of Eriocaulaceae ( Erio
lon com r i r b ulon an e s ou essum E . decan ulare E . n o racteatum Lachn oca c p , g , g , c p
Wal r n . di n um m in us a . m all and n onan L K6rn . L. Ch m S S [ t] Mo o g, gy , [ p ] , y g thus avidulus i hx T S i al n i Eri o aulon tez ens e fl [M c ] hese pec es o g w th c , Erio aulon l v ll d in eare an d Lachn ocaulon en lert Ruhl . hi h ha c , g , w c we e co ecte
l h r in Ba C un an d Lachn ocaulon be richianum S rl d r Godre e sew e e y o ty, y po e e ( f y [FSU] ) rep resen t the largest num ber of Eriocaulaceae recorded for any un i t co ty n he U nited St ates . Few other plan ts inhabiting the poor fen s are at peak anthesis when Eri
lon n i r r . a au ob acteatum r : h in lud Aron ia ar buti olia L. P r c g flowe s t ese c e f ( ) e s ,
Cha talia tom n i h a t lla am . Bri . ez ar . e os a V n . Cl ton ia m on o L S G p e t , f p y ( ) tt g , y lus s acia lan m si ri al l n i m v rn a Pin ui ula ion an tha P. o e Sm l He e u e le Wal . , t , g c , p 1 Orz ell 85 Bridges : N ew Eriocaulon from Florida 1 3
Fi ur : ri Habi lan . g e 1 E ocaulon n igrobracteatum Bridges 85 Orz ell . t of p t 1 14 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 2 4 February 1 993
3 m m
Fi ur 2 : rio aul E on ni r bra t t . g e c g o c ea um Bridges 85 Orz ell . Inflorescence
- bruar 1 993 1 1 6 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e 1 24 Fe y
3 m m
d. ll . S Figure 4 : Eriocaulon n igrobracteatum Bridges 85 Orz e ee Orz ell 85 Bridges : N e w Eriocaulon from Florida 1 1 7
lan u h as Eriocaulon i olia an d tri ularia subulata . O h r a f , U c L t e seep ge p ts s c
l not m r ssum arra enia ava L. and n on an thus avidulus are u ual co p e , S c fl , Sy g fl s y
a i b t a h r in arl r or r bud n E . n i robractea in full nthes s , u r t e e y flowe flowe , whe g tum is in anthesis . 2 A tot al of twenty m plots were sam pled in March 1 992 within Erio
u n ni robra t t m a l d at a h ca lo g c ea u populations . Ten plots were s mp e e c of two
P r n v a v v r b i was d min d b i for a sites . e ce t eget ti e co e y spec es eter e y spec es e ch
l an d da a u d al a r u n al ver and r la of p ot , the t were se to c cul te f eq e cy, tot co , e
v v e ti e co er by species for each site and for both sites combined. Th results
uan i a iv da a are not r n d but are availabl u n r u h (q t t t e t p ese te , e po eq est) s ow ha the low a ur d h rba u m a ri the am l l is d mina d t t st t e e ceo s t x of s p e p ots o te ,
lm u r in a al r i n b Rh n hos ora m acro C . B . Clar Sm all ost eq p opo t o s , y y c p ( ke) , ten o h lla R . s ha m . ea: M . A. ur i Pani um nudicaul leea tenui olia p y C p C t s , c e, P f
i . rio a l r ; hx E u on com ressum an d E . ni obracteatum Addi i nal ci M c , c p , g t o spe es with significantly higher cover an d/ or frequen cy val ues than the rem aining as
cia in lud i rd n r im r an Sarra enia sittacin a ic . Er o so tes c e ( o e of po t ce) c p M hx , i caulon decan lare ros ra a illa u D e ris P ir . D . tra i a arlan H ericum g , c p o , cy M cf e , yp bra h h llum a d. Balduin a uni ora in ui ula lan i S S u Nu . P o c yp y ( p ch) te , fl tt , g c p f ' lia S n on nthus avidulus Cli tonia m on o h lla Aris tida a inis S hul , y g a fl , f p y , fl ( c tes) un h an d tri ularia ub l h unr r a a K t , U c s u ata. Ot er eco ded species m y occur t simi lar frequencies in the sam ple plots but were undetected or underestim ated due
the arl v rnal a to e y e s m plin g date .
W n m arin floristic an d l i al da a one n d he co p g eco og c t , fi s som e interestin g
‘ distin ctions between the poor fen s and that of floristically similar savan n as and a b l t seep ge ogs e sewhere in the Florida panhan dle . Poor fen s should no be n u d i h the n arl l v l l dr b t l co f se w t e y e e , poor y ained om ro rophic P eea phase avanna d rib d b l C ll 1 971 1 98 1 an d W l e et c l. 1988 und s s esc e y ewe ( , ) o f ( ) fo rim aril i in the A al a a a i l N i n al F r . ris tida stri ta i h . p y w th p ch co t o o est A c M c x , al h u h r n at m an the r n t t o g p ese t y of poo fe s , does no form a continu ous ground cover as it som etim es does in other herbaceou s domi nated seep age wetlan ds and avan n a l r in u h as s s e sewhe e the so t e tern United St ates . The poor fens differ in floristic m i i n r m h r a b in r i n ar i ul arl co pos t o f o ot e seep ge ogs the eg o , p t c y due to the high frequen cy and cover of the characteristic species Eriocaulon n i robracteatum Rh n hos ora s ten o h ll l a . m a ra Pleea tenui o ia and g , y c p p y , R c , f , Pani um n udi aule b c c , whose com ined ran ges overlap only within the kn own
ran E . ni robracteatum the ge of g in the eastcen t ral Florida p anhandle . When
m bin d ran h hara i n r br t atum r i i for E . i o ac e co e ges of t ese c cte st c spec es , except g , are n id r d the ar a v co s e e , e of o erlap extends from the western Florida panhan dle
ad a n u h a rn Alabam a The r fen habi a to j ce t so t e ste ( Baldwin Coun ty) . poo t t
E . ni robracteatum is a ra hi all r ri d floristicall di in mir of g geog p c y est cte , y st ct , e
m m uni he co ty type . T discovery of Eriocaulon nigrobracteatum an d its poor f en habit at is indicative of the need for additional ecological an d t axon omic udi inv lvin the ri h nd mi a st es o g c e e c flor of the Ap al achi cola Lowlands Region . 1 18 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 24 February 1 993
ACKNOWLED GMENTS
u r Barneb New r B ani al Gard n raci u l r ar d Dr. R pe t y ( Yo k ot c e ) g o s y p ep e ni al illu a i n was r ar d b inda Chan the Latin description . The tech c st r t o p ep e y L dler Tam a Fl rida Fi ur 1 a rial Erio aulon s e tan ulare of p , o ( g es M te of c p g from the coast al plain of North Carolina for com p arison was p rovided by Alan
N an d ar l d ia niv r i T a at Au in and Weakley. Guy esom C o To z (U e s ty of ex s st ) Ri chard Hilsenbeck ( Florida Nat ural Areas Inventory) provided helpful review Financi u for ld r and illu ra i n was r vid d com m ents . al s pport the fie wo k st t o p o e by the Florida Nat ural Areas Inventory.
LITERATURE CITED
l l Brid e E . L. . . r ll . . Addi i n an d n r va cu ar an g s , 85 S L O ze 1989 t o s otewo thy s p t ll i n r a a i a al l al an d co ect o s f om Tex s nd Louis an , with historic , eco ogic ,
- a h tolo a . geogr phical notes . P y gi 69
Br . . a. v H K 19 1 . P i a hi divi i n Fl rid ra i E n ooks , 8 hys ogr p c s o s of o Coope t e xte
i n rvi n i u d an d ural i n niv r i s o Se ce , I st t te of Foo Agricult Sc e ces , U e s ty of
Fl rida ain vi a o , G es lle , Florid .
h v a a a Cl ll A. F . 1971 . T e i n the A al hi la N i nal F r an ewe , eget t o of p c co t o o est , l v i al er i . n ra r r DA F r rvi Tallah as eco og c p spect e Co t ct epo t US o est Se ce ,
see Fl rida. 2 . , o 15 pp
198 1 . The natural setting and veget ation of the Florida pan han dle .
- - - SA E n ra . b l a a . G C DA W 1 77 0 1 4 i Al bam . 77 U , o t ct No C 0 C 0 , Mo e , 3 pp
C r D J . 1990 . E l e land in Bi ad R c un ain oope , co ogy of w t s g Me ows , o ky Mo t a i l N na Par l ad . . . i i l e . 4 d . C r S Fi 85 W l . S rv B . R 5 t o k , o o o U sh e , o p PP
The habi a w 1991 . t ts of three boreal fen m osses ne to the southern
- R un ain ad . ocky Mo t s of Color o The Bryologist 50 .
Crum H. 1 . A v , 988 focus on peatlan ds and peat mosses . Uni ersity of Michi
an Pr An g ess , n Arbor, Michigan .
l G a r R H. 1 983 . A a rn d fen on the n r h h r ak u ri r se , p tte e o t s o e of L e S pe o ,
- - in n a. a M esot Can dian Field Nat . 1 99 .
1 987 . The ecology of patterned boreal peatlan ds of northern
inn a: a m m uni r v l . . . Fi h Wild. r . Bi l . . M esot co ty p ofi e U S s 85 Se , o Rep
98 pp . Orz ell 85 Bridges : N e w Eriocaulon from Florida 1 1 9
n d Wetlan d Plan ts o South 79 . A uati a d r . K. J . W . W n . 19 Go f ey, R 85 oote q c f Pr A h n n v . ia n o ot ledo s . ni G r eas tern United States M o c y U of eo g ess , t e s ,
71 2 . Georgia. pp
A n on m iz ed Che klis t o the Vas ular z J . T . . ar . 1 980 . S K artes , 85 R K tesz y y c f c
r t e n ited tates anada and Green lan d. Vol . . The Bi a Flo a of h U S , C , II ot ha l Hill r h a. v . r h ar lin a Pr C of North Am eric Uni of No t C o ess , pe , No t
a 4 . Carolin . 98 pp
in n al N r Am eri a n r i . 1 . Eri caulaceae n Kral , R . 966 o of co t e t o th c o th of Mex co
- Sida 332 .
The n ra Eri aula a in the u a rn ni d 1989 . ge e of oc ce e so the ste U te
- r um 142 . States . J . Arn old Arbo et
Pl n r lin in Fl rida and r ia. U . . a Neil . . i S M c , PS 1950 e stoce e sho e es o Geo g
- Geological Survey Professional Paper 22 1 F .
- A . Fl . . Moldenke H. N . . a a . In: . r , 1 937 Erioc ul ceae N me 50
Puri H . . . V . . the l rida an d a , S 85 R O ern on 1964 Sum m ary of geology of F o
v bl . . . uid b the a Fla. G l. ur . S . Pu 5 g e ook to cl ssic exposures . eo S pec No
3 12 pp .
Ru r F . . la. l. urv Bull . R. 1 99 1 . G ol Gul C un Fl rida. F G S pe t , e ogy of f o ty, o eo
1 . 63 . 5 pp
hmid Sc W . . l da. la. 85 M . W C ar . 1 8 . l Ba un Fl ri F t , k 9 0 Geo ogy of y Co ty, o
G l. urv . . . eo S Bull 57 76 pp .
hmi S d W . 19 4 . N n ra i a h l the A alachi c t , 8 eoge e st t gr p y an dgeo ogic history of p la Emba m n Fl rida. la. v . . . co y e t , o F Geol. Sur Bull . 58 146 pp
S 6 rs H. 1 . j , 950 On the relation between veget ation and elect rolytes in n orth
di h - S mir a r . we s e w te s Oikos 258 .
- 1 . 959 B an Ar i 1 . ogs d fen s in the Hudson Bay Lowlan ds . ct c 9
1 963 . B and n A a a i a v r n r h rn On ari . ogs fe s of the tt w p sk t Ri e , o t e t o
- a l. . Mus an . C Bull . z N t 186 45 133 .
Vi D . H. P. Ac huff . . 85 E An dr . 1 7 . The v a i n an d h mi al tt , , , R us 9 5 eget t o c e c r i r a rn d n in the an Hill r h n ral Alb r a. p ope t es of p tte e fe s Sw s , no t ce t e t
- Can . . J Bot . 2795 . 120 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 2 4 Fe bruary 1 993
t F . D . B r 85 m . M . W m r lase r E . rha C A. P. H. G G Wheeler, C . , , o , e o e , owe s ,
ibu i ns. to the ra the Re d Lake P a n . 1 3 . n r J . A. Jan sse s 98 Co t t o flo of e t
Mi dl . lan d n r h rn Minn e a i h cial a n ti n Carer. Am er . , o t e sot , w t spe tte o to
- N aturalist 96 .
d- Han n F r . F . nu d D . r . . C E . H. Willar J C S Windell J . T . , , , oope , Q oste , K se ,
i caf charact erization R ck . e o i Kiladis . 1 An c o L . P. nk G. N . 986 Ri , 85 g of o y
Fi h Wild. S rv . U . S. 85 Moun tain m ont an e an d su balpin e wetlan ds. s e
e . 298 . Biol . R p pp
n c l i al char acteriz a de aue . . M an s . 1 . A H. . A. ei n r D B 988 W l . o fe , S , J R , e e o og c
Bi l . Re . Fi h ild. rv . tion of the Florida panhan dle . U . S. s 85 W Se o p
277 pp .
klist of the vasc ular F an s n . 1 1 . Pr lim in ar c c u d rlin . H W n e , R P 85 H e 99 e y he
u blish ma s t . 1 0 . flora of FIorida. Un p ed nu crip 0 pp
APPEND IX I
l n ni robract eatum i s ba d u n Vascu lar plan t s vou chered at Eriocau o g s te , se po repeated site visits m ade du rin g the 199 1 and 1 992 growin g season s : The list m en la does no t rep resent a com prehen sive vascular plant flora of the sites . No c t ure follows Kartesz 85 Kartesz or in som e cases Wun derlin 85 Han sen Plan t taxa curren tly listed [Federal Register - 622 9] un der federal review for possible listin g as either federally en dan gered or threat ene d
i are in di a d b ll in the au h ri or PT hi h in di a sp ec es c te y fo ow g t o ty, ( ) w c c tes
der a i ran s en ered of fe ally proposed for threaten ed st atus . Tax w th ge c t
n n l ali i in Fl rida u h rn G r ia an d or the u r Ea Gul the k ow oc t es) o , so t e eo g , / o te st f
C as al Plain ou h rn Alabam a u hern i i i i an d u h a rn o t of s t e , so t M ss ss pp , so t e ste Louisian a are in dicated by an Plant t axa recorded as close associates of Eri ocaulo n nigro bracteatum are indicat ed by either (A) for those foun d at four o - r m ore sites or by (B) for those recorded from 1 3 sites .
A lin a a is h lla u . g p y (N tt ) Raf. Aletris lu tea Sm all
An dro o n p go glom eratus (Wal t . ) B . S. P. Anthaen antia rufa ( Elk ) Schul tes Aris tida aflinis (Schultes) Kun th (B) Aris tida stri t c a Michx . (B) Arn o lossum ovatum l b a H. in . g (W t . ) Ro s
Arn o lossum sulcatum b g H. Ro in s .
Aronia ar buti olia L. f ( ) Pers . Orz ell 8: Bridges : Ne w Eriocaulon from Florida 1 2 1
uhl . Am n din aria tecta (Walt . ) M
n w ea: Ell . As clepias con n ive s Bald . ra Aster chapm anii Torr. 85 G y
ra Aster eryngiifolius Torr. 85 G y
Balduin a un ifiora N utt . (A)
uhl . Bartonia pan iculata (Michx . ) M
'
af . ea: Bar n Bartom a vern a (Michx . ) R to
B . . P. Bartonia virginica ( L. ) S
'
erfi . Bidens mitis (Michx . ) Sh
DC . B Bigelowia nudata (Michx . ) ( )
'
ar . Burm anm a capitata (Walt . ) M t m Calopogon barbatus (Walt . ) A es
P. Calopogon tu berosus (L. ) B . S.
l i s atlan ti a Carer at ant ca Bailey ubsp . c
Cares: stric ta Michx .
Carphephorus ps eu doliatris Cass . i Centella as atica ( L. ) Urban t t o V B Chap alia om ent sa ent . ( ) i n t ra C rsium leco ei Torr . 85 G y l C ethra aln ifolia. L . l ea: ar . C iflonia m on ophylla ( Lam . ) Britt . S g oreo sis lini olia u B C p f N tt . ( )
or o s n a C e p is udat Nutt .
ten ium arom ati m d B C cu (Walt . ) Woo ( )
' rilla racem z ra B Cy flo L . ( ) i h ' A. l D c an thehum scabrius culum (Ell ) Gould 85 C . C ark D ros era ca ill A p aris Poir. ( ) D ros era interm edia Hayne D ros era tracyi M acfarlane (A)
’ D uhchium arun din aceum . (L. ) Britt Eleo haris c tuberculos a (Michx . ) Roem er 8c Schultes (B) ’ Eri r m e on ve T rr . ra g us (L. ) o 85 G y
Erio aulon r c comp essum Lam . ( A) Erio aulon decan ulare A c g L . ( ) Erio aulon t c ez ens e Korn .
Er n ium in te ri y g g folium Walt . Eu at ium l or eucole is . Gra p p (DC ) Torr. 82: y Eu atorium ilos m p p u Walt .
Eu atorium rotun di li p fo um Walt .
Fuiren a s cir oidea i p M chx . Gayluss acia m os ieri Sm all (B) Gen tian a penn ellian a Fern ald
Gratiola ilos e i p M chx . 122 P H Y T O L O G l A volum e Fe br uary 1 993
A Helen ium vern ale Walt . ( )
Hclian thus angustifolius L .
Helian thus heterophyllus N u tt .
Hibis cus aculeatus Walt . A Hypericum brachyphyllum ( Sp ach) Steud. ( )
n i dam B Hypericum chapm a i P. A s ( )
Hyperi cum cistifolium Lam . a B Hypericum fas ciculatum L m . ( )
Hypericum nitidum Lam . dam R b n P. A 85 Hypericum s tan s (Michx . ) s o so
Ilez cori acea (Pursh) Chapm . a B Hex glabra (L ) A. Gr y ( )
116 1: m yr tifolia Walt .
ra Jun cus debilis A. G y t Jun cus m argin atus Ros k . A Jun cus trigon ocarpus Steud. ( ) D an d Lachn an thes carolinian a (Lam . ) y r n Lachn ocaulon an ceps (Walt . ) Mo o g A Lachn ocaulon digynum Korn . ( ) m all Lachn ocau lon m in us ( Chapm . ) S
illd. B Liatris spicata (L. ) W ( ) B n edi m an Bri . Li um m u (Pl ch . ) tt ( )
Lobelia floridan a Chapm .
Lo belia glan dulos a Walt .
Lobelia pu ber ula Michx . (B)
- B Lophiola aurea Ker Gawl . ( ) ranfill Lycopodiella alopecuroides (L. ) C
co l r a Ly podie la app ess a ( Chapm . ) Cr nfill
erm olli B Lycopodiella carolin ian a (L. ) Pichi S ( )
l Pi hi erm olli Lycopodie la cern ua (L. ) c S Lycopodiella prostrata (Harper) C ranfill (B) h L on ia Iu ida a . y c (L m . ) K Koc
M agn olia virgin ian a L . (B)
r Ma shallia tenuifolia Raf .
itr i a l n r J . M eola angus t folia (Torr . 86 G y) Ne so
itr l F m lin T rr . Gra M eo a s essilifolia (J . G e ) o 86 y
ho odes rin . var . tric Muhlen bergia capillaris (Lam . ) T p
- Myri ca cerifera L.
Myrica heterophylla Raf. (B) ri My ca in odora Bat t r .
N sa l ati a . s va . bi ora Wal . ar ys y v c M arsh . r fl ( t ) S g Nyss a ursin a Sm all ( B)
z olis li orm is Bri . B O yp fi f (Walt . ) tt ( )
124 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 24 February 1 993
Rhyn chospora plum os a Ell .
ez M . A. ur i A Rhyn chospora sten ophylla Chapm . C t s ( ) dl . B a i l Gra C . L . B a 8c Rudbeclcia gramin fo ia (Torr . 85 y) oy t e e Sabatia bartram ii Wilbur
r . Sabatia campanulata (L. ) To r A Sabatia m acrophylla Hook . ( )
enia a a B Sarrac fl v L . ( ) B Sarracenia leu cophylla Raf. ( ) A Sarracen ia psittacina Michx . ( ) a B Schoen olirion albiflorum (Raf ) R . R . G tes ( )
leria bald inii S ud. B Sc w (Torr. ) te ( )
l ria reti ularis Sc e c Michx .
lauri li B Smilax fo a L . ( ) Sm ilax walteri Pursh Solidago stricta Aiton
i h r Wa . Sp ran t es p aecoz (Walt S. ts tillin ia a uati a S g q c Chapm . l n n n t u l . Sy go a hus flavidu us (Michx . ) R h
Taz odium as cen dens Brongn . (B)
o el ia ra m s a . P. B T fi d ce o (Walt ) B . S. ( ) tri ularia un ea U c j c Vahl .
tri ularia ubulata A U c s L . ( )
Verbesin a ha m anii . l m an c p J R . Co e
oodwardia are lat . re W o a (L ) T. Moo Woodwardia v r i i E . mi h i g n ca (L. ) J . S t X ris am bi ez un B y gua Beyr . K th ( )
' X yris baldwim an a Schul tes (A) '
X ris di orm is a . va curtissii alm ral y fl Ch pm r . (M e) K X yris drum m on dii Malm e ( A) X ris m briata y fi Ell . X yris isoetifolia Kral (B) X yris scabrifolia Harper (B)
X ris s erotin y a Chapm . (B) ris tri X y s cta Chapm . - Phytologic ( February 1 9 9 3 ) 1 27 .
- OBERT DlSTRlBUClON Y ECOLOGlA DE PIN US JOHANNIS M. F. R
‘ 2 Abel Garcia Arevalo 8c Marie- Fran coise Passini
1 D uran D u ran l 2 c . . 41 00 . A . a 63 3 ia A. In stitu to de Ecolog O , p post , p , go , go , MEXICO 2 v et a uri ab ra ir de B ani u r i al U ni ersité Pierre M rie C e , L o to e ot q e t op c e ,
1 2 rue uvi r 7 005 Pari FRANC A C e , 5 s , I
ABSTRACT
A new population of Pin us johaunis is described and compared with
the type population .
KEY W RD : Pinus Pinac a i a n m O S , e e , Méx co , t xo o y
RESUMEN
Se describe un a nueva poblacion de Pinus johan n is y es comparada
con la poblacion tipo .
PA ABRA AV E : inus in a a Mexico a n mia L S CL S P , P ce e , , t xo o
Pinus o - del a F . e a de n i n j h nnis M . Robert fue descrito en l c mi n o Co cepc o ° ' ° ’ Oro a a a il en el ad de a a a 24 37 N 10 1 28 O a una al M z p , est o Z c tec s ( , ) ura de 27 0 m r b v l Ha r h t 0 et os so re el ni el del m ar . En 1 983 , Bai ey 8: wkswo t “ i i r oh n un ain h c e on m encion de P. j a n is in the cloud z one of som e higher mo t s ” of Coahuila an d Sierra M adre O rient al sin m as; mient ras en 198 7 escribe q ue n u n la i a m n P rr ra en S rr de la ad ra a la. r i n e se e c e t e M e , Co hui Mas ec e t e te , e y ( 1991 ) present a un m apa de distribucié n de este t axon donde aparecen tres
i i ue son los i ui n : r n de a a a de C ahuila s t os q s g e tes ext em o orte Z c tec s , oeste o y sur de u v ls onii ha a on e ohann is con P. n e S N e o Le ; n este ultim o P. j crece w una al ura de F r de su descri cié n no hub t 2800 m et ros . o 10 t an to después p o mas in rm a i fo c ones precisas .
R i n m n n n ré Pinus ohann is en una nu va l alidad u bi ec e te e te se e co t j e oc ,
ada en el ur de de a a en el l ad a a en el i . Ar c s este est o de Co huil , Mp o te g , 1 26 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 2 7 February 1 993
° ’ ° ’ C rr Coahuilén 25 14 N 100 20 O : ubr 1 99 1 Abel Garcia 1 1 62 e o ( , ) oct e ,
Las poblaciones prin cipales de Pin us johannis son localiz adas en Ias faldas
av a na al i ud m dia de 272 m r . in del Cerro , con pen dientes su es , u t t e 0 et os S mba vidu ai lad a a 2 4 m r a a los b u de e rgo , llegan indi os s os h st 8 0 et os h st osq es
Pseudotsu a m enziesii a r Fran c uercus h oz an tha Tr l. . re ii g (M y ) o , Q yp e , y Q g gg
d u l un d r u r m n a ad or di urbi an r ieb . e r L m , s e os p of os , pe o f e te e te fect os p st o t o pogénico e in cendios q ue han destruido en su totalidad el dosel su perior confor
s u d u a m enz i sii m u r r aun m ado de Pinus ariz onica Engelm . y P e ots g e e tos pe o
r c r l m herbaceo s son r u n en el r a m Grin delia e e tos , ot os e e entos f ec e tes a e co o
l n i inuloides Willd. H m en oz s ins i nia A. Gra C r ll Sen e io coahui e s s , y y g ( y) ocke e , c
reen . en io m ad ns . a tevia . ens tem on s . El limi G m , S ec re is A Gr y, S spp , y P p te in ri r de Pin hannis a fe o us jo alcan z los 2550 m et ros .
En la z na de su n ion m im a Pinus ohannis n u n ra en una o exte s ax , j se e c e t ve et acié n i m a rral de A ave Ar tosta h los ean o thus D as lirion g t po to g , c p y , C , y ,
Yu a con al una erba : u atori m tem on al a. cc , g s h ceas como E p u , Pens , y S vi El suelo varia desde nulo en pleno afloramiento de roca m adre hasta 40 cm ' dc r undidad e la ecoto a co u in ariz on i a son vid n p of n m n el bosq e de P us c , e e tes al na m an h d l a a a v n gu s c ones e utit . Present un efervescencia le e al HCl y u pH m dian d 7 0 sea li ram n al . e o e 7 . ge e te calino . En las poblaciones principales se ha notado q ue la regeneracién de Pinus
ohann is m dia sin m bar o dri co c de se m unidad e li r j es e , e go p an n i rar co es n pe g o por estar en areas muy cercanas a poblaciones con actividades an t ropogénicas
m la a ri ul ura anad ria a odria um ar los ri de in ndi co o g c t y g e , esto p n s se esgos ce o
ue son q frecuentes en estas localidades . Est as observaciones extienden hacia el est e los sitios don de se conoce Pinus ha o nn is . as j La nueva localidad se sit ua a la mism a altitud q ue la del tipo . L dos l alidad difieren a niv l lim i I i a anual m di a del oc es e c at co , as p recip t ciones es e s
C rr Coahuilé n son un mas el vada alr d d r de mm la m r e o poco e s , e e o 500 , te pe ° a ura m dia a r a a I . La erturbacié um an a m r i n ue la t e se ce c GO p n h , as ec e te q q ue se not a en Puerto el Dique se traduce en explotacié n de la m adera ’ an aden a e a um a i a a bla y g exten siva. S s e l pos bilidad de la presen ci de ot r s po
' cio s ohanm ne de P. j s q ue pudieran ligar geograficam ente la poblacion aislada del de a uila co las de oeste Co h n l sureste .
AGRADECIMIENTOS
A adacem os r l D r. P. a B . T . l or los m n ari g Jesse Perry y al D r. Sty es p co e t os h h al a ec os m nuscrito . Garcia Aréval o 8c Pas sini: Pinus johannis 127
LITERATURA CITAD A
K. F . . a . . Pin a a hihuahuan D r Bailey, D . 8c G H wksworth 1983 ce e of the C ese t
- Ph tolo ia 2 4 . region . y g 3
h ra h an d a n m in n in 1 987 . P ytogeog p y t xo o y of the p yo p es
- inus u b m bro . a . t al. . im osio P c i n e ides In P ini M . F e 1988 II s se t o C ss , S p
- - - Na ion al abre Pin o i n ero a . z S s P fio s 6 7 8 1 7 41 64 . c , g g8
P rr J . P. Jr. 1 9 1 . he Pin es o M exi o an d en tral Am eri a. Tim b r e y, , 9 T f c C c e
Pr P r land r n . ess , o t , O ego
- - b r M . F . 1 . uv a n hann . R 978 Un n e u in i n n m i ain : Pi us o is M . F o e t , o p p g o ex c j
- b . A a R r d n nia sér . 2 . o e t so , , 3 73 - Phytologic (February 19 9 3 ) 1 37 .
FROM OAX ACA MEX lCO NEW SPEClES OF ECHEAND IA ( U LlACEAE) .
Robert William Cru den
D ar m n Bi l al Sci n niv r i a a Ci a 5224 ep t e t of o ogic e ces , U e s ty of Iow , Iow ty, Iow
U . S. A.
ABSTRACT
Twelve new species and seven new combinations in Echeandia (Lil
The ew i e n d mi to the tat of iaceae ) are proposed. n spec es ar e e c s es
Oaxaca and/ or Puebla or Guerrero.
KEY W D : hean di iliac a Mexico OR S Ec a, L e e ,
The following new species an d new combinations are proposed to aid th ud the ra ic eciall a a a a an d ad a n a : st y of flo of Méx o , esp y th t of O x c j ce t st te Nine of the proposed species are endemic to Oaxaca an d three occur in Q axa an d adj acent Puebla or Guerrero .
E ch e an i c o n z t d n . a a a: Lo m d a ov. T PE: E C a t n Cru en , sp. Y M XI O O x c tti HOL de las das i . lla 1 ct 1 onz a Se , D st E , 950 m , 18 O 933 , C ( TYPE: MOl; Isotype:
adicibus n a ab - c lli basalibus an u e R pe ari corm o 4 6 m , fo s g st linearibus ciliatis te alis albi antheris connatis m m la i , p s , t s , fil am e t n is squamosis .
S ra r num r u l nd r m r babl d vel in 4- 6 cm fro to ge oots e o s , s e e , ost p o y e op g
- rm . S a labr u or cabr n ard bas 0 cm i 0 co c pe g o s s esce t tow the e , 35 8 h gh ,
- — - bran h . Ba al l ave 4 27 cm l n 2 m m id a illa c es s e s 6( 67 o g , 6 w e , p p te v in on l l av 2-4 the l r 10 r l a ur a m ar i i a . a n e s owe e f s f ce , g n c li te C uli e e es , owe
- - a i ula . T al An h r nna 4 7 m i 10 5 m m l n . 5 p c te ep s wh te , o g t e s co te , ( ) l n mm id . Filam al d nar lava m o g , w e ents sc e , rowly c te ,
- l n . vari Au O mm l n . a l u o g es o g C psules 1 1 m m ong . In flower g s
October. Cruden : N ew Echeandia from México 129
be : E . u rr r : W Ta Additional Specim en s Examined M XICO G e e o of xco ,
a ates and r rv ir ab v n 6200- 6500 1 7 Au 1948 Moore tween Cas hu ese o o e tow , ft , g , T l cali : 6000 1 Au 1894 Prin le od H . a a a: 8 Wo 4589 (MIC ) O x c ype o ty ft , g , g 5 GH 8 S 1 894 Sm ith 7 2 Ja a a l n 5000 10 S 5 75 ( ) ; ept , 4 y c t a , ft , ept
1 4 Sm ith 1 88 GR C rr San Bla Huau lilla Di . N i l n 2200 m 89 , ( ) ; e o s , c , st och xt a , ,
ct 192 1 C onz atti 2 7 US . 14 O , 4 4 ( ) b a an r n and narr ba al l av i a il The quite ro d, open the co e the ow s e es w th p p lae on the vein s distinguish this species from other white flowered Mexican speci es .
a a: ca . k h n ud s . n ov T E : E . Oa 3 m a s t . E ch e an di m i Cr en , p YP M XICO x c
in ui ula reo sis e r z ca. 22 m in oak d i P o E Ixtlan d Jn a e , 50 , woo s w th g c , C p ,
D ahlia Pol odium u hea 24 Oct 1 975 Cruden 22 63 HO OT PE , yp , C p , , ( L Y UCl; Isotypes :
Radicibus enaris u a corm um a labr foliis basalibus p j xt , sc po g o ,
an u lin a dent culatis - te ali flavis antheris connatis g ste e ris i 3 7 , p s , ,
e t filam n is squam osis .
br u 4 ra r n . a l S rm 1 . 5 0 cm l n . e a 0 5 to ge oots ext to the co , 3 o g Sc p g o s , 8
cm hi h 0 1 3 bran . Fl r b arin n d 4 9 . Ba al l a 3 6 g , ( ) ches owe e g o es s e ves (
narr l lin ar d n icul a 23 58 cm l n 2 4 6 m m br ad. Caulin l av ow y e , e t te , o g , ( ) o e e es 2 4 l r 3 25 m m l n . T al ll lli i 1 2 1 m m l n m us t m m , owe o g ep s ye ow , e pt c , 6 o g , 5 6
id - u r 2 3 m m id . An h r nn a m m l n u u all 2 m m w e , o te w e t e s co te , o g , s y l n r an the fil am n ti the n m m in diam r an d o ge th e ts , p of co e ete “ th diam t - e r he n . Filam nts al d lava 4 m m l n . to ete of co e e sc e , c te , 5 o g
Ovari - 4 . 5 0 mm l n . I a a m es o g n flower l te Au gu st e rly Decem ber . Chromoso e number n=8 ( Cru den
Addi i nal S im a a a: i ra de an Fe t o pec ens Examined: MEXICO. O x c S er S li 9000 10000 Se - 1894 S ith 7 7 F 2 O NY- 2 h US pe , ft , p Oct , m 4 ( sheets ,M , s eets , ) ; l n de Juar E id m un ain 2400 m 6 Dec 1 940 ru e er é? Gilles ie Ixt a ez , s e of o t , , , K g p 2 CAS GH MO Ru a 1 75 K 160 at lan 70 2 Au 1974 4 ( , , LL , ) ; t , , Ixt , 300 0 8 g , Conrad 84 C onrad 1 1 3 7 (MO) .
The narr l lin ar l av an d r n l a d an h r n hi h is no ow y e e es st o g y t pere t e co e , w c ticeabl l n r han the lam n h ll y o ge t fi e ts , distin guish this speci es from ot er ye ow flowered Mexican species with connate anthers an d storage roots close to the r co m .
E ch e an dia va in a - d a a: u a a Cru n s . n ov. : . Oa R g t e , p TYPE MEXICO x c t 190 K 1 32 ca. 40 km E hi l oa d i h D ahlia Cos , , S Noc xt an , k woo s w t ,
m os Ti ridia Cu hea alvia ades an tia onn ellsmithia Bouvardia , g , p , S , Tr c , D , ,
ca. 2240 m 6 Se 1 97 1 Cruden 1 9 6 HO OT PE: C l t , p , 4 ( L Y U ; Iso ypes 130 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 3 7 February 1 993
adicibus enaris ab rm 3 - 10 cm a ub n i R p co o ( , sc po p esce t , foliis basalibus an gu ste ellipticis ciliatis ad bases undulatis 6 - 1 5
la i te alis flavis antheris connatis filanientis uam i . mm t s , p , , sq os s
- S ra e r 3 10 cm r m rm mm l n . Sca ub n to g oots ( f o co , o g pe p esce t ,
- - u uall r u u im n arl abr u 46 80 cm hi 0 1 bran . s y th o gho t , somet es e y gl o s , gh , ches
Ba al l av - n r l blan la m ar n ilia l n ilia and nar s e es 3 5 , ar ow y o ceo te , gi c te to o g c te
- - rowl undula e ard the ba 1 7 32 cm l n 6 15 m m id . Caulin l av y t tow se , o g, w e e e es
- l n in n r - m m id 2 ilia . T al ll lli ic m m 6 8 3 , c te ep s ye ow , e pt , o g , e w e ,
- - - - l n n . An er 6 mm u er 3 4 mm id . P dic l 9 12 14 mm l n 8 o t w e e e s ( ) o g th s o g , co e
barrel a d or a l a r d u u all abru l narr d ti . Fila sh pe we k y t pe e , s y pt y owe to the p m n u al id h u o ha Wid r in the middl i h h r e ts of eq w t througho t r somew t e e , w t s o t , bl n narr al m m l n . vari m m l n . a ul ow sc es , o g O es o g C ps es o o g ,
- - b hr m 1 mm l n 4 mm ide . In r la une arl m r. m 8 0 o g , w flowe te J e y Septe e C o oso e number n= 8 ( Cruden
Addi i nal amin d: . a a: u a 1 0 K 4 4 ca. t o Specimens Ex e MEXICO O ax c R t 9 , 9 ,
H den 1 i . 20 km W ui ca. 21 m 27 Jul 1 ru 22 of tzo , 50 , 968 , C 4 Mp o
uc a n an P u a n m 1 Dec olheim Benz 8 J h te go , S edro J ch te go , 1500 , 3 1983 , S , ,
Hallberg 1 1 3 7 (WIS) . This is the only yellow flowered species of Echean dia with connate an thers that has a pubescent stem an d relatively broad basal leaves that are long ciliate .
E a d . ch e n ia m o nt ealban e n sis r d n s . nov. PE: E Q ax C u e , p TY M XICO
aca: n Alb n o he uin A ave iran thes Trades antia Mo te a , n t r s , with g , Sp , c ,
ca. 1 950 m 5 Se 1971 Cruden 1 9 H T PE: UC l I : , p , 44 ( OLO Y ; sotypes
Radicibus ab - ca abr foliis ba al pen aria corm o 5 8 cm , s po sc o , s
ibu la linearibus - te alis flavis eu h ria libri filam entis s te 3 6 , p , t e s ,
s parvi q uam osis .
a b u S r r cm l n cm r m rm . a r n a r to ge oots o g , 5 8 f o co Sc pe st o gly sc o s i l - - - n r al l ab v m i 0 3 6 bran . Ba al l av 3 6 owe h f, ess so o e , h gh , ( ) ches s e es , br adl lin ar blan la n ire r ilia 19- 82 cm l n 12- 26 mm o y e to o ceo te , e t to sho t c te , o g ,
- - id . a v C ulin l a 2 4 l er cm l n . Fl r ll a in w e e e es ( ( ow 8 35 o g owe s ye ow , f c g u ard i h the b b u t o tw , w t style passing elow the st am ens an d ent pward near he
- a . al h T 9 13 m m l n inn r m m id u r 3 mm id . An r pex ep s o g , e w e , o te w e t e s
m m l n rar l v r a il in m r d an r o g , e y e s t e , ost flowe s the e ges of the the
a reflexed and a n d a ain ac hu h ldi t e an r in t e s cs fl tte e g st e h other, t s o n g h the s h
m dir i as a n the fil am n . Filam n ual id h hr u h u i h s e ect o e ts e ts of eq w t t o g o t , w t
m all al in r d in a d n n r i n m m l n . vari s sc es , se te ope ep ess o , o g O es
132 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 3 7 February 1 993
- - b an d a r n rm 1 2 3 cm l n . S a labr u un r Stor ge oots ext to co , ( ) o g c pe g o s , che ,
- - - - 4 24 cm i b arin 1 4 6 r . Ba al l av 6 10 al a narr l h gh , e g ( ) flowe s s e es , f c te , ow y
va - 18 cm l n 5- 1 1 mm id m ar in cilia Cauline leav 0 n o te , 6 o g, w e , g s te , es ( whe Bra u b ndin r n ir a h sub present redu ced to a bract . cts s te g the flowe s e t e , e c
l ll lli i 12- 1 m m l n inn r a . a tending single flower Tep s ye ow , e pt c , 5 o g, e in mm . r r or nna r r m m wide , mm wide Anthe s f ee co te , t o se ,
l n curv d ard a not ver a il i or ncl in i m a. o g, e tow the pex , s t e , oppos te e os g the st g
- - - Fil n e ual id r u u al d 5 6 7 m m l n . Ovari 2 4 am e ts of q w th th o gho t , sc e , ( ) o g es
- bl 14 m m l n 4 m m id . In r Jul . m m l n . a ul n 13 5 o g C ps es o o g , o g , w e flowe y
m m numb r u= 1 ruden 1 38 Chro oso e e 6 ( C 4, Llan de las Flo : Oa a a. Additional Specimen s Examined MEXICO. x c o
l 1 ru den . m 1 5 Ju 968 C es a a. 2 km NE a a a ca 2 0 r , Rut 1 75 , c 8 O x c , 80 , , . ia E ua am a a i . San 1 384 8 km S G c y , Mp o t go
T cuil 2 00 m 14 Jul 1 Rodri uez WIS . eoco co , 6 , 985 , g ( )
The flat nonfalcate l av are r mini n m Echean dia skinn eri , e es e sce t of so e '
duran ensis nm an ruden . The rm r has (Baker) Cruden an d E. g (Gree ) C fo e pubescen t scapes and smooth filaments an d the leaf m argin s of the latter are d i a a a en t cul te to short ciliate r ther than cili te .
E h dia h : . a a a: r ad nov. T PE E O c e an allbergi i Cruden , sp . Y M XICO x c o
‘
id ca. km tl n de n r i omm elin Tradescantia Os alis s e 3 E Ix a J a ez , w th C a, , ,
alvia u d u ru n HO O S n er er us ca. 2 1 50 m 14 Au 1 970 C de 1 76 , Q c , , g , 4 ( L TYPE: UCl; Isotypes :
Radicibus en aris ab rm 2- 6 cm ca ub n i foliis p co o , s po p esce t ,
basalibus an u obovatis falcatis lon ciliatis te alis flavis an g ste gi , p ,
t i libri versatilis fil am entis laevibus vel aucis uam osis . the s s , p q
- - S ra r o c c n . a 1 2 to ge o ts m from corm , 1 2 m lo g Sc pes
- - - 3 ub n at lea near bas 6 29 3 7 cm hi unbran h d. Ba al ) p esce t , st the e , ( ) gh , c e s
' l av narr l b va alca e m ar n i l n flat cilia l r ur a i e es ow y o o te , f t , gi w th o g , owe s f ce w th
a r d air or labr u - 13 - 23 cm l n - 12 mm ide aulin sc tte e h s g o s , 5 ( ) o g , w , C e l av h ub n n the e es 0( w en present reduced to a bract . Bracts s te di g flowers
- cilia . T al lli ic ll 9 14 cm l n inner mm id u r te ep s e pt , ye ow , ( o g, w e , o te
- mm id . A v n r r r a il 1 2 mm l n i d h n n . w e the s f ee , e s t e , o g , tw ste w e ope
Filam n l n d r u al id h hr u u h o ar l i h a e ts s e e , of eq w t t o gho t , sm oot r r e y w t few ,
m all l - a mm l n . l . a s o s sc es , o g Ovaries 2 4 m m on g C psules ubgl b 6 - 8 mm l n - - 4 m id . hr m m ose , o g , 5 m w e In flower mid June to July. C o oso e = number n 16 ( Cru den 1 3 78) an d n= 32 ( Cruden Addi i nal S cim n n E ami d: E . a a a: u a 4 2 t o pe e s x e M XICO O x c R t 190 , K 8
483 ca. 41 km SE hi l n ca. 2250 m 12 Jul 1 96 8 Cru den 1 3 78 ENCB GH , Noc xt a , , , ( , , Cruden : N ew Echean dia from México 1 33
b n u bl Vi 2500 m 22 Jun 1907 C am ino Montelo os , r P e o ejo , , ,
l n de n r z ca. v an h T a ca. 3 mi E J Conz atti 1 903 Vi ero R c o ej , Ixt a a e ,
m 14 Jul 1 968 Cruden 1 382 ab v 2 150 , , o e
iv r Ran h T a 2 1 00- 220 0 m 1 0 Jul 1 973 M cPherson 708 CH 24 V e o c o ej , , , (MI ) ;
ul 1 73 M cPherson 832 CH P l 7500 1 840 Galeotti 53 69 BR J 9 , (MI ) ; eno es , ft , , ( ) ;
dad ad NE a aca 2 Jul 1 947 Ken o er 1 6 05 GH Di r . de Nativi Ro of O x , 8 , y ( ) ; st
km e r z arr ra u la a a las Anim a 2 1 70 m 29 Jul Ixtlan , 5 NW l Ce e al, c ete G e t o s , ,
1 Tri os Loren e 8 Garcia 8 62A MO . 198 , g , c , ( ) The glabrou s to nearly glabrous leaf su rfaces distin guish Echean dia hall
ii . ves tita has hir u l a ur a . berg from E , whi ch s te e f s f ces
T PE : E a a a: u a 1 E h an dia arva u d s . n ov. c e p Cr en , p Y M XICO, O x c R t 90 ,
w km N Hua ua an de Leé n 1 2 m 14 ul 1 9 alm oo dlan d ca. W p , j p , 8 0 , J 96 , Cruden 1 622 (HOLOTYPE: UCl; Isotypes:
Radicibus en aris ab rm 1 - 4 cm a ub n i foliis p co o , sc po p esce t ,
basalibus linearibus lon ciliatis a icibus ecurvis in ra a ill a gi p r f p p os ,
te alis albi anthe b aversat e tis laevibus . p s , ris li ris ilis, fil am n
ra r - - - 2 ub n 6 - 28 S 1 4 cm r m rm 1 2 cm l n . a 1 to ge oots f o co , o g Sc pes , p esce t , '
- cm hi h 0 1 bran h . Ba al l av lin ar r n l urv d ard the ti g , c es s e es e , st o g y rec e tow p, m ar in l n ilia v in o d id d l a a - 2 cm l n 2 - m m g s o g c te , e s n un ers e en se y p pill te , 6 0 o g , 6
- id . auli l av l hi lli i C n 1 r du d a u b a . a w e e e es 0 , e ce to scario s r ct Tep s w te , e pt c ,
8- 12 m - W h r r m l n inn r 4 5 m m id u r m m Wid . An o g , e e , o te e t e s f ee , nonversatile h u m h mm l n . Filam n ual id r u o g e ts of eq w th th o g o t , s oot , mm l . v m m n O ari m m l n . a ul ub b o g es o g C ps es s glo ose , l n m = ru den m id . In . hr u b n o g , w e flower July C om osom e n m er 8 ( C 1 367, Addi i nal km S im n a : a a a: Ru a 1 90 ca. 10 t o pec e s Ex mi ned MEXICO. O x c t , ,
NW Hua ua an de on m ul 1 ru den of j p Le , 1850 , 26 J 968 , C
Pu bla: u a 1 km NW Oa a a bor e R t 90 , x c der 10 ul 1 , J 96 8 , Cruden 1 3 6 7
C ila- a i l n 1 5 Jul 1943 Miranda 2832 MEX U . h Z pot t a , , ( ) This sm all white flowered species is known only from open palm woodlands
NW Hua ua an de o b a an d n . The d u n of j p Le short , m any flowere , p esce t sc pes l n ilia l av v o g c te e es with stron gly recurved tips are distin cti e .
E c e a di n a c o n fe rt ifl o PE: E C . Oa a a ra rud n s . n ov. T h C e , p Y M XI O x c Ru a dl an d i h 190 ca. 1 K e alm t , 0 m NW Huaj uapan de L é n , p woo w t ' N olin a Ti ridia as tille a h an dia m 1 1 Jul 1968 Cru den , g , C j , Ec e , 1 850 , y , 1 3 70 (HOLOTYPE: 134 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 3 7 February 1 993
adicibus e a s ab rm 4- cm a ub n i foln s R p n ri co o 8 , sc po p esce t , basalibus num erosis longiciliatis infra papillosa vel sparsem pubes
n ia te alis albi an theris libri aversatilis fil am entis uam i . ce t , p s , s , sq os s
- a r 4 o m c r m ba ca 1 3 cm l n . Ba al l av Stor ge oots r ore m f o se of s pe , o g s e es num r u l n ilia v in on l r ur a a illa or i a er d l n e o s , o g c te , e s owe s f ce p p te w th sc tt e o g
- - l air abr u ab v 1 cm l n 2 6 mm id . Sca 1 2 a r xim a h s , gl o s o e , 8 5 o g , w e pes , pp o te y
- a lin l av ab n . n r n cm i h ub n i 4 bran . C u 30 h g , p esce t , w th 0 ches e e es se t I flo esce ce
i br n v in a in u ard. bracts ciliate to long ciliate . Flowers white w th ow e s , f c g o tw
- lam n l n not v r a il . Fi T al lli i 1 1 1 m m l n . An r m m ep s e pt c , 0 o g the s o g, e s t e e ts
l - bl n 9 - 10 m m al d mm l n . vari m m l n . Ca u sc e , o g O es o g ps es o o g ,
- - - mid ul . l n 4 5 mm id . In r mid Jun J o g, w e flowe e to y a: mil N i l n Additional Specim en Examined: MEXICO . O axac 30 es S och xt a ,
7500 1 Jul 1 947 Johns ton s . n . TEX . ft , , ( ) hi b E hean dia arva hi h T s species might e confused with the sm aller c p , w c h as sm ooth fil am ents an d sm aller capsules .
E ch e an a o o : . a a a: Ru a di ran difl ra ru d n s . n v. T PE E CO O g C e , p Y M XI x c t
h cereus Burs era 1 90 K 1 1 ca. 2 k E T la an hill id in Pac , 0 , 3 m oto p , steep s e y ,
dlan d i h z alis an tana Trades antia r a i 800 m woo , w t O , L , c , othe c ct , , spec
im n r d in re n u 12 Nov 1 976 Cruden 1 762 H T PE e flowe e g e ho se , ( OLO Y
UCl) .
Radi cibu s en aris ab rm 1 - 2 cm a labr foliis ba al p co o , sc po g o , s
ibu an u obovatis br v ciliatis te alis flavis an theris libri s g ste e e , p , s
versatilis filam entis uam i m m l n . , sq os s o gis
S ra - - br u 75 cm r 1 2 cm r m the 2 c l n . a la to ge oots f o corm , 3 m o g Sc pe g o s , to
i - b - - 0 2 ran ch . Ba av n arr l b va c l n 1 1 2 mm h gh , es sal le es ow y o o te , 25 45 m o g , 5
id - d ard . T al ll m ar n r cilia . a n av w e , gi sho t te C uli e le es 2 5 , reduce upw s ep s ye ow ,
lli ic 1 - 2 m - di 6 1 m l n inn r m m d u r m m id . P l e pt , o g , e 6 8 wi e , o te w e e ce s
15 m m l n in r t v r a il m . to o g flowe , to 21 m long in frui Anthers free , e s t e ,
- 2 4 m m l n . Filam n ual id h hr u h u al d in r d in an o g e ts of eq w t t o g o t , sc e , se te n d i n r mm l n . m m l n . l ope ep ess o , o g Ovaries o g Sty e b d at n u ar ti . Ca ul bl n 1 m m l n an d 5 m m id e t pw the p ps es o o g , to 8 o g w e , Chrom osom e num ber n= 8 ( Cruden
Addi i nal - S im n E am in d: . a a a: u a 1 1 km t o pec e x e MEXIC O O x c R t 90 , 6 1 7 W T ui i l n ca. 7 0 m ru den d i u 3 C 1 9 1 ENCB r n r nh . eq s st a , , 4 ( ) , flowe e g ee o se The description of thi s species is based on plants that flowered in a green h u at the v o se Uni ersity of Iowa. The leaves of these were sm all com pared to
h lan ll d in is ui li l the a are li i t ose of p ts co ecte the wild. It q te ke y sc pes kew se r du d in iz an d ha lan i a e ce s e , t t p ts encountered in the w ld m y be m ore t o bu han the d i i r n indi a . The aulin l av hi h dr hi an d st t esc pt o c tes c e e es , w c y w te , Ne w Echean dia from México 1 35
y long fil am ents are reminiscent of Echean dia tenuis (Weatherby)
im bri ata Crud n hi hav ba al l av ha are 1 - 6 m m and E . c e , w ch e s e es t t
an d sm aller capsules .
o a a a ud n s . n ov. T PE: E CO. Oa a a: Ru a E ch e an dia ax c n Cr e , p Y M XI x c t
- k ca. km WNW Te uisistlén al n r am in oa 190 , K 148 149 , 50 q , o g st e
den om m elin a Trades an tia ca. 1250 m 4 Se 1 97 1 Cru woods with C , c , , p , 1 943 (HOLOTYPE: UCl; Isotypes :
e s ab m 1 - 2 cm a abr r ba in Radicibus p nari cor o , sc po sc o p ope s ,
bas bus an u oblanceolatis breviciliolatis 3 - 5 te alis al foliis ali g ste , p
bis antheris conn atis filam entis uam i . , , sq os s
- b u a d a e r 1 2 c m rm cm l n . ca ca r r Stor g oots m fro co , o g S pe s o s tow
ba 60 - 9 cm i bran 0- 1 Ba al l av 3 - 5 narr l oblance e se , 5 h gh; ches ( s e es , ow y
- lin l av 2-4 l n 6 12 m m id m ar in h r cilia . C au o g , w e , g s s o t te e e es ,
narr bra . Fl r hi nin in la m rnin . T al ow cts owe s w te , ope g te o g ep s
- - c 1 1 14 m m l n inn r 3 4 m m id u r m m id . , o g , e w e , o te w e
nthers nn a n r n l a r d u uall l n r han lam n co te , co e st o g y t pe e , s y o ge t the fi e ts ,
m — Filam n ava n va 4 m m l n . 0 m l n . l cal d m m l ri 3 o g e ts c te , s e , o g, O es o g
’ - - - Ja sules bl n w . 9 1 2 m m l n m m id . In flo er Au u m b r p o o g , o g , 5 6 w e g st Septe e Jhrom osom e num ber n= 8 ( Cru den Addi i n al i a a Au S m n E min d: E . a a : T 13 t o pec e s x e M XICO O x c opotype , g
970 rud n , C e 1 76 1
The mbina i n hi r an r n a is li l l n r han co t o of w te flowe s , the co e th t s ght y o ge t he lam n abr u a narr ba l av an d i h l lu r d ub r fi e ts , sc o s sc pe , ow sal e es , t g t y c ste e t e s , listin uishes g this species fr om other Mexican species .
E ch e an di m ira d a n ae rud n s . n ov. : . a a a: C e , p TYPE MEXICO O x c
km NE T i l n del amin o d a a e ez o d eot t a C o n r to Hu utl de Jim n , ak woo s
i h ad a A ave as tille a om li a Au i m e na c . 1 790 m 1 6 w t cyc s , c ct , g , C j , C , , g
1 970 Cruden 1 77 H : , 4 ( OLOTYPE: UC l; Isotypes
Radicibus n aria ab rm - 1 cm a abr foliis bas al pe co o 3 5 , sc po sc o ,
ibu an u oblanceolatis falcatis breviciliatis te alis albi an s g ste , p s ,
theris libri aversatilis ad a i dehi scentes filam entis aucis u a s p ces , p q m osis .
R ub r 3 - 1 c br u - 5 m r m rm c l n . a a 38 80 oot t e s f o co , m o g Sc pe sc o s , m hi h 0 - 6 b - - ran h . Ba al l av 1 narr l blan la al a 1 2 40 g , c es s e es 5 0 , ow y o ceo te , f c te , m l n 8 32 m m id m ar in v - du r ilia . aulin l a 1 3 r d o g , w e , g s sho t c te C e e es , e ce to 136 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 3 7 February 1 993
a T al 7- m m l n in n r bra . Fl r i nin in l m rnin . 8 cts owe s wh te , ope g te o g ep s o g , e
d u r m id A o ve at d hi in mm i e m . n er ree n n rs ile w , o te w e th s f , , e sc g
- Filam n u d h u h u al d r u h a ical li 3 4 m m l n . al i r th o g p s ts , o g e ts of eq w th t o g o t , sc e ,
i h a akl d v l d or r u h n d in r d in a 3 - 5 w t few we y e e ope scales , o g e e , se te pocket ,
l n a ul bl n - m l n m m l n . Ovari m m C 8 9 m 5 o g es o g , ps es o o g , o g ,
- = mm id . In r Jun Au u . Chr m m num b r n Cruden 1 3 62 w e flowe e g st o oso e e 8 ( ,
di i n al i - Ad S m n E amin d: E . Pu bla: u a K 14 1 t o pec e s x e M XICO e R t 140 , 9 50 ,
- ca. 7 km SE Pu bla r l a lin ca. 1 ul 1 ru den 1 e Mo e os st te e , 300 m , 10 J 968 , C 3 62
Am a i l n NE a am r 30 t t a , M t o os ,
Jul 1942 Miranda 2 1 7 H . , 4 (G )
T i i mi be n u d i E hean dia ihuam ensis ru d n hi h s spec es ght co f se w th c p C e , w ch has labr u a g o s sc pes an d sm ooth filam ents .
NEW COMBINATIONS
E ch e an dia l n if lia a h t A : E he W rb Cru d n s at. n ov. B S O o g o ( e t e y) e , I NYM c dia m acro h lla an R a var . lon i olia h b . r . a . p y os g f Weat er y, Proc Am e Ac d
Ar . 191 0 T PE: E . a a a: a an ts Y M XICO O x c vicinity of Cho p ,
- - 3800 45 00 ft . 28 29 Jul 1 894 N els on 9 1 0 HO OT PE: l , , ( L Y US ; Isotype
' E h e an dia e ch e an dio id s B I N IV e Schl echten dal C ru den com b. n ov. A O Y c ( ) , S
Trach an dra hean dioides ec . ec chl htendal Bo t . i . 1 2 . 1 4 y S , Ze t 3 6 9 8 5
E hean dia eleutheran dra I d l. A . 4 . c K . Koch , n . Sem . Hort . Bero pp 186 1 T P : E not amin d. not at B Antheri um eleuther Y ex e ( , c
an drum K. b h r . u ( Koc ) Moo e Gentes Her ari m 195 1 .
’ An theri um h dioides ec ean k . a M . . . 1 B r ur i Bo t . a c e , C t s g t 6809 885 T P E : H r . . v . o . Y o t Kew N 1883 (HOLOTYPE: Kl) .
E ch e dia m ich o a an ce n sis von P ellni Crud n om b. et stat. n ov. BA ( o tz) e , c
SIONYM : An theri l t m ichoacens e von cum p a yphyllum Green m an var .
P ll ni z d e ev . u B t . . : . M oe t , R S am r . o 1 943 TYPE MEXICO i
cho acan : Pun uato vicini r lia 1 m 1 Au 1 1 Ars én e g , ty of Mo e , 950 , 8 g 9 0 , 52 74 (LECTOTYPE: MO! ; Isotypes :
E ch an dia re a ide s n o Gr nm an C rud n com b. n ov. BA e d p ( ee ) e , SIONYM An theri um dre an id m . a o es Gr n an Pr Am r . A d. Ar . c p ee , oc e c ts 1 903
T P : E E CO. Oa a a: Si rra de San F li 6000 Au 1 4 Y M XI x c e e pe , ft , 6 g 89 , Pringle
E h an dia la h lla m an u d Gr n r n om b. n ov. BA : An c e p typ y ( ee ) C e , c SIONYM thericum lat h llum a A . a Gr nm n Pr . p yp y ee , oc m er Ac d. Arts 1 898 . uden : N ew Echean dia from México 1 37
u bla: dr lim n l d T hua n 5000 29 TYPE: MEXICO. P e y esto e e ges , e ca , ft ,
ul 1897 Prin le 668 0 H T PE: GHl : J , g ( OLO Y ; Isotypes
ch e an dia c h an dle ri Gr nm an 85 Th m n Cru d n com b. n ov. BA ( ee o pso ) e ,
NYM : Antheri um chan dleri r nm an Th m n Ann . Mis SIO c G ee 85 o pso ,
- P : N TE TATE . T a ard. 4 6 . 19 14 . T E D S S souri Bot . G 0 Y U I ex s
am r n un : vi ini o H nd Se 1 9 1 3 Chan dler 7059 C e o Co ty c ty of Ri o o , p ,
h r ch e an dia t e n n is W a h rb Cru d n om b. n ov. BAS : An t e ( e t e y) e , c IONYM
A ad. r 1 1 . An ther icum tenu a h b Pr . Am r . A e We t er y, oc e c ts 9 0
i m t h l v t n a b v v u W h r on P llni z e . c le o lum B n h . ar . e ue R p p y e t ( e t e y) oe t ,
u e . t . T PE : E . u rr r : b n S dam r Bo 1 943 . Y M XIC O G e e o etwee
A usin a a an d P a l n 0 0- 700 0 14 D e c 1 4 N els on 1 y p et t a , 5 0 ft , 89 , 2 2 0
ACKNOWLED GMENTS
I thank the cu rators of the followin g herbaria for the opport unity to exam m aterial in their collection s : Special than ks to Dian a Horton an d n m a l h r for h i h v o s Me c e t t e r elpful an d con st ru cti e com m ents on the m anu script . - Phytologic ( February 1 993 ) 140 .
S C S OF IA ASTERACEAE MUTISIEAE A NEW SCAPOSE PE IE ACOURT ( . ) FROM BELIZE
Turn r Billie L . e
A. an niv r i T a Au in T a 7871 U . S. Departm ent of Bot y, U e s ty of ex s , st , ex s 3
ABSTRACT
w a ourtia . e liz e an a . L. Turn r fr m A ne sc pose species of Ac , A b B e , o
' It is l l the Mayan uplift of Belize is described and illustrated. c ose y
r lat d to the all atri ta a A. nudi ulis and A. hondum na n ith r e e op c x ca , e e
of which is known to occur in Belize.
EY : a Mutisieae A ourtia B liz K WORDS Aster ceae , , c , e e
Routine identification of Central American and Mexican Asteraceae v v re ealed the following no elty.
E . Ac o u rt ia b eliz a u s . ov i u 1 . T PE: BE e . . n an B L T rn er, p . F g re Y LIZ “ T l d i af u n Blad n o e o D strict : Lower part of Ri chardson Creek , fl e t of e ” Bran c l ar a a un ain 100 - 250 h , ower p t of M y Mo t s
m a a b d in ra r 2 - 1 1 , seep ge are am ong oul ers along st ream c cks of ocks , l Mar 19 7 errit D avidas Alan E . ran t 1 0 HO OT PE: LL 8 , G 8 B 3 9 4 ( L Y ; Isotypes :
o L. i sed ca itulescentia Ac urtiae hon duran ae B . Turn er s milis p
‘ a i a e s - v - fe entibus in edun culis divar c p tul num ro iora (8 20 s . 3 8 ) r p
- - icatis lon ioribus ue involucris minoribus 7 mm al i vs . 8 10 g q , (6 t s m e m t acheniis ar im his idulis vs . d n hi s idis setis a i ) , sp s p ( e se p ) p pp i s ri v - un a biseriatis au cio u s ue vs . diflert . e tis ( s . ) p rib q (40 50
a h b - ll ba al S r 3 40 cm hi h . a l n d r labr u . av a c pose e s 5 g Sc pes s e e , g o s Le es s ,
m l 4-12 cm l n cm id i l 2 - cm l n il i h l n ost y o g , w e; pet o es 5 o g , p ose w t o g
hair blad va lli i lli i not at all l b d ar l ub n s ; es o te e pt c to e pt c , o e , sp se y p esce t ,
iall al n the v in the m ar ar l rra ar l espec y o g e s , gins closely an d co se y se te , sp se y
140 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 40 February 1 99
l - 2 i v r n ani ula m the ul im a du il . H ad m 8 0 n p ose e s ost y e y ope p c te cy es , t te pe
- - le lend r labr u m l 1 3 cm l n . nv lu r urbina 6 7 mm bi c s s e , g o s , ost y o g I o c es t te , g lab the b a - 4 ria labr u the a i m l b u or r und g rous , r cts 3 se te , g o s , p ces ost y o t se o e
m lon a an ca. mm a r ub n hair ca. m Recept cles pl e , c oss , p esce t , the s
Fl r - 1 er ad r lla r r dl i e ub abr u o ets 8 0 p he , the co o s epo te y wh t , the t es gl o s , c
mm l n li ul -4 m m l n ril b d inn r 2 l b l 2 - 3 m o g , the g es 3 o g , t o e , the e o e ets
l n . A n ca. 4 mm l n narr l u i rm 5 ribb d bi l r d s arsel o g che es o g , ow y f s fo , e , co o e , p
i idul u not at all an dul ar ub n rib ll i h the a u h sp o s , gl p esce t , the s ye ow s , f ces p
a n r i bri l - mm lon plish; pappu s of a sin gle series of ca. 50 t w y pe s stent st es 5 6 Acourtia beliz ean a is the only species of Acourtia known to occur in Beliz
hon duran . . h b i be is la . a It closely re ted to A B L. Turner W ile oth spec es
v beliz eana has m all r involucr imilar narr l lli i al unl b d l a A. s ow y e pt c o e e es , s e
- - 6 7 m m i vs . 8 10 m m h ad on l n r m r divari a ul im a du ( h gh ) , e s o ge , o e c te t te pe
l - v cm an d a u 4 - bri l in a sin c es (mostly 1 3 cm long s . ) p pp s of 0 50 st es gl
v ca. 0 in 2 ri . series ( s. 8 + se es) Cabrera ( 1993) included this taxon in her con cept of Acourtia hon duran
B . L. Turn r alb i a d out ourtia n m h r sca os e , e t separ te of Ac alo g with ost ot e p
l w an ub b an her s ecifi e em ents as a ne genu s . I c not s scri e in thi s in st ce to p
n nor her l r n a co cepts , to new y p oposed ge eric segreg t Acourtia beliz ean a might also be com pared with the m ore widespread
nudi aulis A. Gra B . L. Turn r m ai n ain d b abr ra b bavin c ( y) e , ( t e y C e oth ; v r imilar ca itulescen ces but la o edu e y s p , the tter has larger heads n shorter p n
cl m r li e h A. hon duran a d t s l av a e n r m l lar : es , o e k t ose of , an i e es r thin e , ost y ge an d l ra beliz ean a b aliz en de i l l b d. In h r A. a a a y te y o e s o t , ppe rs to e loc ed m
the a u di auli an li in B liz r la l a . nu of M y p ft e e , e ted to the close y allop tric A c
an d A. hon durana but am l di in a r i iv ia i n a rn foun c , p y st ct , epet t e spec t o p tte
i in A ourtia r h u n w th c th oug o t Ce tral Am erica an d México .
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I am grateful to Guy Nesom for the Latin diagnosis and to him and TI
Ram am oort o bb d d th hy f r reviewing the m anuscript . Nan cy We er provi e illu stration .
LITERATURE CITED
Cabr a r . 1 . e , L 993 System atic st udy of the genus Rz edowslciela Cabrer
R . Mutisieae m C i a . D ral T i niv . T a Au in ( , o pos t e) octo hes s , U of ex s st T a ex s .
Tu rn r B . L. 1 7 . e , 9 8 Taxonomic st udy of the scapiform species of Acourti
A ra a - - e Mutisieae . Ph tolo a ( ste ce ) y gi 46 7 . A NEW VARIETY OF EPHED RA TORRE YANA ( EPHEDRACEAE) FROM AN CHIHUAHUA WITH NOTES ON H BRIDIZAT ON IN WEST TEXAS D , Y I YANA COMPLEX THE E . TORRE
Tom Wen dt
A. an R ur n r niv r i T a Au in T a 7871 3 U . S. Pl t eso ces Ce te , U e s ty of ex s , st , ex s
Pr n Addr : D ar m n B an ui ian a S a niv r i Ba n ( ese t ess ep t e t of ot y, Lo s t te U e s ty, to u e ui iana 70803 Ro g , Lo s
ABSTRACT
h d a t o we l io r u is de ibed as a new va E p e r orr eyan a var . p l m scr
riet fr m the Rio n h ar a ea t rn hihuahua Mexico an d the y o Co c os e of s e C , ,
t adati ith the t i al vari adjacent Big Bend area of Texas . In ergr on w yp c
t b E hedra torre ana a ar to be un u ual e y ccurs in west ern Texas . p y ppe s s amon g North Am erican ephedras in it s greater propen sity for hybridiza
ti n ith th r ie t ten en m u t be tak n int a un t o w o e spec s , and his d cy s e o cco
in un d r tan din t e ev t of t s l e s g h olu ion hi comp ex .
KEY W RD : E hedra h dra a a hihua ua Mexico O S p , Ep e ce e , Tex s , C h , , hybridiz ation
RESUMEN
E h dr a t r r an a we l i e e be c m un a var p e o ey var . p o l o r u m s d scri o o
iedad nu va de la e de o d hi uahua el r a e , r gién l Ri Conchos e C h y a e “ ” c lin dant del e en u ntra un a z na de in o e Big Ben d de Texas . S c e o t ergradacion con la variedad tipica en la parte occidental de Texas .
Al ar r E hedra torre an e ie nort eam eri p ece , p y a difi ere de las dem as spec s
ana del n es ecifica ha c s gé ero por su propen sié n a la hibridacién inter p , y y que tomar en cuenta dicha tendencia para poder en tender la evolucién
de e te m s co plejo de especies . 142 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 50 February 1 99
P : hedra E dra a T a Chi uahu a ALABRAS CLAV E Ep , phe ce e , ex s , h ,
i hibridacién Méx co ,
During the study of the species of Ephedra (Ephedraceae) of the Chi bu ahu an Desert for the preparation of a t axonomi c t reatm en t for the upcomin
b r 0 lam . n . nri n a num hihuahuan D esert F M . J n 8: J H C ( C oh sto e ckso , e difler m ar d] torre an a . Wa n re und population s related to E . y S tso we fo to ke
ul a i n are r d rib d in several respects from that species . These pop t o s he e esc e a new an d t u i a i n for infras ecific ran is di cu d al n variety, he j st fic t o p k s sse , o with the apparent im portan ce of hybridiz ation in this complex .
we o ru m . nd var . n ov h t o r a . o W Ep edra reyan a S. W tson var p lli T e t ,
i ua ua: NE id i rra u hill Parad TYPE: MEXICO . Ch h h s e of S e C c o o ° ' 2 r r a u lim n u r 9 35 N , W , uppe C et ceous gypseo s esto e o tc op , gyp seous calcar u r c il m a rral de r ic in rm E hedra D a eo s o ky so , to sé t o e e of p ,
s lirion A a ia Larrea Fou uieria 50 m 4 A r 1 973 M . C . Johnston y , c c , , q , 9 , p , I . Wendt F . ian . 1 9 H T PE: TE T. L 8 Ch C 05 7 , g (9) ( OLO Y X ; Isotypes
d mi hedra to an a Wa n var . torre ana imili se Ep rrey S. tso y s s se
nibua non scabris ubul in um n i interioris mm ab in , t o teg e t
' - - um n exteriore exserto antheris 2 6 7 sessilibus diflert . teg e to , ( )
S r adin in ri a l bran ch d low hrub m all bran h divar p e g , t c te y e s s t ; c es icate i an 1 - v ral er n d m l u rai h r to w th gle 50 se e p o e , ost y sto t , st g t , te ete ,
mm i in reen un r r i n es un er r i n dull ra th ck g (yo ge ) po t o s , th e yo g po t o s g y r n m dium live r u u au u abr u l n udinal rid es g ee to e o g een , s ally gl co s , gl o s; o git g ra r irr ular and n not r n m ar d - 4 at ba een or the eg ofte st o gly ke , 15 5 ses of gr p
' i n a t o s , moder tely asperous to usually smooth; stom at a obscure to m o derat ely
r minen at 1 x i o d l p o t 0 , present both n furrows an d n ridges; interno es most y
cm l n b av e d ar lder em li dar a . e r n e o g; k of o st s ght to k gr y Le s 3 p o ,
mm l n uni d 2 5- 3 5 eir l n r r i n va or deltate o g, te / / th e gth , the f ee po t o s o te lan la i a i r und d a u r n li h br n in n r to ceo te w th p ces o e to c te , g ee to g t ow ce te
i h ari u m ar n n v rla in at ba the m ar n r ili w t sc o s gi s ofte o e pp g se , gi s e ose to c o late especially dist ally; basal leaves gen erally with relatively shorter free tips ;
h a n li in l avin a r d al ra r m nan ab v the hin s e ths soo sp tt g , e g t tte e p e g y e ts o e t red- br n n dal lin old l a ba rar l b min ll n bla an d r i ow o e ( e f ses e y eco g swo e , ck pe s s
- n . S amina n l v ral er n d il or n arl al i to te t) t te co es se e p o e , sess e e y so (sc y st pe
1 mm 4- 7 mm l n bra rna rar l bina di all i 1 - rls ) , o g; cts te te ( e y te st y) , w th 3 who
r du d ril bra at ba an d 2 - 7 h rl r il bra bra 0 1 of e ce ste e cts se w o s of fe t e cts , cts a whorl united at their bases ; fertile bracts suborbicul ar above their fused ba mm l n al red- br n m im r b ad ses , o g , p e ow , so et es also g eenish , with ro Wendt: N ew variety of Ephedra torr eyan a 143
rian h m m l n bar l in lu d d scarious mi nutely erose m argins ; pe t o g , e y c e
r d r m bra a n d b v id m im v r br adl to barely exse te f o ct , fl tte e o o o , so et es e y o y so;
m m l n r d r m rian h m m am n st amin al colum n o g , exse te f o pe t ; st e s
- v id b v id m l m m l n all il or a i nall 2 6( o o to o o o , ost y o g , sess e occ s o y
- vul a n l - v ral er with 1 few cent ral ones o n stipes to m m long . O te co es se e p
d 6 - 10 m m l n ub il or b rn on h r al al 3 m m l n no e, o g, s sess e o e s o t sc y st ks to o g;
rna e in 4- 5 rl ludin 1 - 3 - 4 h rl r m l r du d bracts te t , who s (exc g [ ] w o s of ext e e y e ce basal/ stalk bracts) ; dist al (inner) bracts gradually larger; bracts of subdis m m l n a r r n l m bi rm ara at ba and tal whorl o g , p pe y, st o g y cy fo , sep te se
arl la d rar l al m la l the la m m l n an d cle y c we ( e y ost c w ess) , c w o g id the blad ub rbi ul ar- va m m l n m m id mm w e , e s o c o te , o g , w e ,
d d m im li l m ar ina ba br adl the apex broadly roun ed an so et es ght y e g te , the se o y
nd d or run a a i nall li h l rda m ar in minu l r rou e t c te , occ s o y s g t y co te , g te y e ose to
d ula la an d n r blad r n li h red- br n strongly entic te erose , c w ce te of e g ee to g t ow , the rest hyalin e an d m ostly very pale red- brown with the m argin al m m cl ar d 1 - 2 er n dar red- br n m a ur d r dra d lan e ; see s ( ) p co e , k ow ; t e see s ( ehy te ) ce ri rm b a d r n l 4 rid d l n i udinall uar in r - i n py fo , e ke , st o g y ge o g t y, sq e c oss sect o , l n m m i o a id n ar the ba m l im mm o g , w de n s e e se , ost y t es as l n as i u ac m h li h l t u o g w de , in cluded to slightly exserted, s rf e s oot to g t y
at ba u uall dr in r n l h r i m labr u tubillus gose se ( s y y g st o g y so) , ot e w se s ooth , g o s ; e xserted m m beyond end of outer integum ent .
D TR B T N A D E : A a n l an bli a il IS I U IO N COLOGY pp re t y o g te gypsoph e , locally com m on in desert scrub on gravelly to fine grained gypseou s soils at
850- 1 100 m l va i n in Bi B nd a i n al Park T rnill Fla T a an d e e t o , g e N t o ( o o ts) , ex s , in the l r o n b d a a rn hihuahu a owe Ri Co chos valley an d near y rain ges of e ste C , México (M ap
ADD i u a ua: 16 mi ITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED : MEXICO. Ch h h
S O in a a o r a a en tr En ard 2 3 1 98 of j g n o d to Cam argo , 2 M y 1 973 , H. S. G y 8 g
US 10 mi S O i na a dir r ad r m in a a S Alam C a 8 Au ( ) ; of j g , ect o f o Oj g to os h po , g
1940 I. M . Johns ton 8 Muller 1 ril l ali 4 A r 1 973 , 4 (ste e) type oc ty, p ,
M. C. Johns ton Wen dt 8 Chian 1 0 78 6 km E , , g 5 (J ) of Al am C a Vi on r ad La onsolacié n 1 Ma 1 973 M . C . Johns ton o h po ejo o to C , y , , Wen dt 8 Chian 1 0 7 6 1 20 , g 4 (2) 0749 (3 ) mi W O ina a n a ow ll Turn er 8 Sikes r Chih . hi h a 1 7 A r 1 7 P e of j g e g w y 6 , p 9 3 , , , 2472 (LL) ; mi S then E from Falomir railroad bridge alon g road to Chili 23 M ar 1975 Wen dt 8 Lott 770 TEX 770A TEX . cote , , (J ) ( ) , (9) ( ) TED Pan h r Jun i n . : m i UNI STATES Texas : Brewster Co . N of t e ct o ,
Bi B n d a i n al Park 25 A r 1 8 7 Powell Powell 53 95 a SRSC g e N t o , p 9 , 8 (9 ) ( ) ; T rnill Fla Bi B n d a i nal Park 5 A r 1975 Warn oclc s . n . TEX o o ts , g e N t o , p , (Q) ( ) , Warn o k s ’ . n . T . EX H Fl r . c (d) ( ) . o es) The nam w ll and his i ne va . i a l P e of the riety honors D r A. M ch e owe w fe S irl P n -Pecos Texas ll . D r. P a hru bs o Tra s h ey owe owell, uthor of Trees 8 S f
1988 and m an h r b a r d r r the h rbarium at Sul ( ) y ot e ot nical wo ks , is i ecto of e 144 P H Y T o L 0 G I A v - l? olum e 1 50 February 1 993
M AP 1 . D ist ribution: of E hedra torr ana v rieties n p ey a a d related populations . Total distribution of var rr . to eyana based on C utler Benson Darrow Higgins ’ and author s dat of r a; E . f une ea, C utler ( 1939) and Butterwick Wen dt: N ew variety of Ephedra torr eyan a 145
Ross State U niversity and an au thority on the woody flora of t ran s - Pecos
l P ll has ac m ani d him on m an hi s ll in ri Texas . Shir ey owe co p e y of co ect g t ps
ar a and h r hav ll c d cri ical im n r la d in the e , toget e they e co e te t spec e s e te to the present problem . The new variety can be distinguished most easily from the typical variety by the followin g characters
v l d - er n m l 2- on an one lan d ur a 1 . u 1 3 3 O es/see s p co e , ost y y p t ; see s f ce ab u i num r u minu r min n ard a illa h n sc ro s w th e o s te p o e t h p p e , t ese ofte in rows ; tubillus (dist al part of inner integum ent) exserted al al a at l a m m m mm beyond outer integum ent , m ost w ys e st so e
on an one lan an h r 4 - 8 er ran i h r m l 6 - 7 the y p t ; t e s ( p spo g op o e , ost y , n ral and u uall th a ral an h r on i m m l n rar l ce t s y e l te t e s st pes o g , e y
var . torr e an a all subsessile . . y
' 1 vul d 1 - 2 er n m l or all 1 on an one lan d ur a O es see s ( ) p co e , ost y y p t ; see s f ce rugose at base bu t otherwise sm ooth ; tu billus exserted m m be
n d u r in um n an h r 2- 6 - 7 er ran i r m l 3 - 5 yo o te teg e t ; t e s ( ) p spo g opho e , ost y , all sessile or subsessile or occasionally the cent ral ones on stipes to m mm l . owellioru ong . var p
Variety powelliorum also differs in it s uniformly stron gly divaricate bran ch in an l a d a ba a . torre an a th r is g e f ses whi ch re only rarely persistent . In var y , e e m arked ten den cy toward m ore fastigiate plan ts with the leaf bases com m only b min ll n bla and r i n al u a r d lan r u u eco g swo e , ck , pe s ste t , tho gh sc tte e p ts th o gho t th e ran i al a a owelliorum in h ara r . ge of the typ c variety ppro ch var . p t ese ch cte s The differen ces listed above are st ron g ones within the context of the tax onom E hedra and the vari i are m r a il di in ui h d r m y of p , two et es o e e s y st g s e f o ’ each other than are som e North Am erican species of the genu s (see Cutler s 1939 m n hr u u h ir ra . N ver l ud vari i [ ] o og ph) e the ess , st y of the two et es t o gho t t e ran Ma v torr e an a ra hi all ges ( p 1 ) re eals that the population s of var . y geog p c y cl h v l di la m osest to t ose of ar . powel iorum show a m arked tenden cy to sp y so e of the hara ri i the a va d d n n arl m h c cte st cs of l tter riety, such as 1 see e co es , e y s oot
d or ub il he a i hi nd n is m ar d i hin see s , s sess e an thers . T are n w ch this te e cy ke w t v t - ar . orreyana in cludes m u ch of the northern t ran s Pecos of Texas an d the nearby high plain s of that state (Map these population s are referred to var. torr e an a for nv ni n but in m a u i abl uld be r ard d y co e e ce , so e c ses j st fi y co eg e as in rm dia . Fur h rm r a ul a i n n ar i rra Blan a T a li d te e tes t e o e , pop t o e S e c , ex s ( ste b l i nl v a a uld be r rr d var. e ow) , of wh ch o y o ul te m aterial is vailable , co efe e to powelliorum except for the very lightly scabrou s nature of the m at ure seeds ; hi ula i iv n hi a rn t s pop t on is referred to as an interm ediate in Map 1 . G e t s p tte
varia i n it m r a nabl at a at r n r niz the new a n of t o , see s e so e , le st p ese t , to ecog e t xo
at the vari al l v l i in torr e an a hi b in the infras ecific ran tra et e e w th E . y (t s e g p k
ditionall u d i hin E hedra i a— u l r 1 939 an d B n n y se w t p n North Am eric see C t e , e so 146 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 50 February 1 993
v l the un d r n hi a rn- and ind d 85 D arrow Ne erthe ess , e st an di g of t s p tte ee
v torre an a m l - is m li a d b the r u n of e olution within the E . y co p ex co p c te y f eq e cy
i E hedra as di u d with which this species hybridiz es with other spec es of p , sc sse below . It seem s clear that previous au thors have not been aware of the existen ce of the new variety largely due to its poor represent ation in herbarium collection s . hn n 1 943 Cutler ( 1 939) cited no collection s referable to the new variety. Jo sto ( ) referred a single Chihuahuan collection ( Johns ton 6! Muller 14) to Ephedra torre an a i u but du lica e I av en i ll i n y w tho t comment , the p t s h e se of th s co ect o
T a ll i n the new vari da t he u bli a i n are sterile . ex s co ect o s of ety post te p c t o of ’ a Valdés Fl r in h ir Correll 85 John ston s ( 1970) flor of Texas . o es t e r a m n the il u an d al i m n rm i r rr d t e t e t of gypsoph o s h ophyt c gy ospe s of Méx co , efe e
v n b on ral i an the new vari . torre a a a d in ar se e Mex c collections of ety to E y , se p t an earlier m anu script of the treatm ent of the genus for the Chihuahu an D es er t
lora b the a P ll 19 r rr d all ran - P m a rial F y present uthor. owe ( 88 ) efe e t s ecos te but he a ar n l saw in cludin a r m Br r o . E . torre an a ( g th t f o ewste C ) to y , pp e t y only one specim en of the new variety (Powell 5! Powell On this specim en he not ed that it seem ed to differ from other specimen s of tran s
P to n i E. rre a a in me ara ri c . In addi i n i one im n s ecos y so ch cte sti s t o , th s spec e
m ha a i al var . owelliorum m r r d d m r abr u so ew t typ c of p ( o e exse te see s , o e sc o s
m an m a r r a du h bridiz a i n i h E . as era . ste s , d y ep esent pro ct of y t o w t p S w Wa n b l i hi it as und r in . tso (see e ow) , w th w ch fo g ow g Wa n 1 879 i d ur s nt es in de cri i n E hedra torre an a tso ( ) c te fo y yp the s pt o of p y , i h Cu l r 1939 c Wri ht 1 883 in ar GH r m Fr n ra T a of wh c t e ( ) hose g p t ( ) , f o o te s , ex s near l Pa Wri ht 1 8 m ri e ara col ( E so) as the lectotype . g 8 3 co p s s two sep te l i n an d . to an a ra b the am i E rre an d E . as e r m ect o s two spec es ( y p ) , oth f o s e l cali u torre ana a al un d r i num b r o ty (C tler 1939; Shaw E. y m teri e th s e
is u l c m a rial . I ave not en the l c m a erial at GE but th s e totype te h se e totype t , I have examined the apparent isolectotype collection s at NY and US cited ’ ’ b l . Thi al n i Wa n 1879 d ri i n T rr 1 859 de e ow s , o g w th tso s ( ) type esc pt o , o ey s ( ) ’ scription of the Fronteras population and Part y s collection s ( citedbelow) from ’ a ar a l arl i di a ha a d a n d th t e , c e y n c tes t t W tson s con cept an m terial correspo to
var . torre a y n a as here defined. ll ci a N r h Am ri hedr . torre an a m be the Of spe es of o t e can Ep a, E y see s to one m r n diz wi u l r 1 r r d nl ost p o e to hybri e th other species . C t e ( 939 ) epo te o y a ar n d t bri am n he r h h . torre an a two pp e t hy s o g No t Am erican species , wit E y b i v n in lv din b h : X . in term ta n x r a . torre a a E . tri c e g o e ot E iz Cutler E . y fil S
' Wa n in X i i an d E . arem cola u . t rre an a . or tso ) New Mex co , C tler E o y X E c g
E . d var . v i cutleri a. Ree is c da C utler [E . Peebles] ) in Ariz on In the present
ud hav und m r v torre an a: st y, I e fo o e eviden ce of hybridiz ation in olvin g E . y
1 . A ri ui biz arr ll i n E hedra i d b l r vi u l se es of q te e co ect o s of p (c te e ow) , p e o s y id d as t n i E . orre ana has b a e t fie y , een m de in northern Culberson Co . of west Texas (Map These population s inclu de no t only the ovulate an d st am in ate
148 P H Y T O L 0 G I A volum e - 1 50 February 1 993
'
r i n M C. Johnston Wen dt é? Chian 1 058 0 exse t o ( , , g
e ran hedra torre an a . torre ana is at l a m ar in all 4 . Th ge of Ep y var y e st g y
n erea ov . . r n in u rn sym patric with that of the related E . fu C C Mo to so the Nevada (Map The two species rem ain for the m ost part quite distin ct in a E hedra torre an a in ha ar its ran is hara riz d b el that are . p y t t p t of ge c cte e y y low v ari u r n r - d n icul a vul a e bra n l in , ery sc o s , st o gly e ose e t te o t cts e c os g two to
v a u un e a has - ed i r minu l three ery sc bro s seeds , while E . f re yellow r , th cke , te y r v a b a d H v r ll i n r m e ose o ul te r cts enclosing a single smooth see . owe e , co ect o s f o
ndi an rin ar a lar o . N vada Ma are in rm dia in the I Sp gs e of C k C , e ( p te e te these characters : yellow-red ovulate bracts intermediate in texture and m ar
in harac ri i n cl in 1 - 3 abr u li l cabr u d i h one g c te st cs , e os g sc o s to ght y s o s see s (w t
a d r ad vari al often the predomi n an t num ber) . Unlike the c se of the wi esp e et
b n . torre an a in r rada i n i hi n E . torre an a the in r r da i n E te g t o w t y , te g a t o etwee y
torre an a an E . n a an s not var . y d fu erea is app arent in one sm all are only d thus i
n id n erea as a vari E . torre an a. co s ered sufficient eviden ce to treat E . fu ety of y Ephedra torreyana seems to be unusu al am ong ephedras in its tendency to h bridiz i h h r i al h u h it m a be ha h brid hi h inv lv y e w t ot e spec es , t o g y t t y s w c o e hi i e ar im l a i r d . i a the ibl im r an t s spec es s p y e s e etect In e ther c se , poss e po t ce of hybridization in the origin of the pattern s of variation an d evolu tion in this c m l ann be i red an dit is li l a a d ail d bi m a i u d o p ex c ot gno , ke y th t et e osyste t c st y
the of complex with this in min d would be most rewardin g.
OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED FROM TRANS~ PECOS TEXAS
E h dr e a torre ana var . torre an a: El Pa o . : and ill n ar Fr n ra p y y so C [S h s e o te ,
A ril 26 1 852 de S a Wri ht 1 in ar Isolectot es: NY p , , fi h w g 883 ( p t) ( yp
mi d i h . r Y E as era US Fr n ra A r 1 852 Par s . n . in ar N ( xe w t p ) , ) ; o te , p , y ( p t) ( ) ; n El Pa o ar A r 1 2 Par s . n . n ulb r n o . : al n 85 r i art NY . C C e s , p , y ( p ) ( ) e so o g Pasote i lin 2 la l x 3 mi E D ar rin orrel I. M . ohns ton p pe e , of e w e Sp gs , C é? J 22 025 W Do i E Can n H ins 1 76 1 0 NY . Hud h Co . : 10 mi S est g yo , gg ( ) spet D ll i C Hi ins 1 75 NY ca. mi E D ll Ci Powell Powell of e ty, gg 44 ( ) ; of e ty, , , “ 8 Weedin 2829 along highway 62 at Salt Flats in Culberson ” C un sic Warn och 1 o ty ( ) , 2 1 9 1 1 2 1 92 mi E
D ll i orthin e C W ton . v . at of ty, g 1 1 903 (NY) Ree es Co : 9 mi E of Pecos Toyah a Warn o k L ke , c 52 39 Put ative torreyan a/ trifil rca hybrid population s from northern Culberson
Co . : t R e . 4 44 rr H rn o ell I. ohns ton 8 mi Van C £5 M . J 1 8 6 6 LL 1 8 70 , N of o , 4 ( ) , 4 D lawar r orrell h M . o ns ton 1 ab u C C E? I. J 9 1 22 mi (LL) ; N of e e eek , (LL) ; o t E W end Pasotex i lin r ad orrell olli of of p pe e o , C 8 R ns 23 9 1 4 2 3 9 1 5
2 w - w 6 mi E h . n Hi ins 62 180 al h . 652 68 8 2 mi E (LL) ; of y o g y , gg 4 (NY) ; S of US r u 62 1 80 at i lin M c Vau o tes New Mex co e , gh 8 1 65 20 mi W S hi i ca. o a w C 2 mi E n h . 1 108 r m . . 2 Turn er of tes ty, st te y f o U S 6 ,
5 662 TEX 2 mi S T a - i lin end u l r Hi l arn ock ( ) ; of ex s New Mex co e , N of R st e l s , W Wen dt: N e w variety of Ephedra torreyan a 149
2 mi a lin on r ad 1 108 Warn o k 551 1 S of st te e o , c 65
hns ton SRSC 1 6352 SRSC . . Jo 1 632 0 M. C ( ) , ( ) wellio torre an a and var . o rum : ulb r n o Interm ediates between var . y p C e so C
W Van H rn Water all 6 72 erile u a iv in rm dia ba d on l mi S of o , f 4 (st ; p t t e te e te se
ud o . : a ocation and veget ative m orphology) (NY) . H speth C 5 mi E of Sierr Blan a Warn oclc 778 c , 4 (2)
ACKNOWLED GMENTS
u m an d D . D nni v n n for ir ri i al r vi i n I than k D r . G y Neso r e s Ste e so the c t c e s o s
hi a r la r for l in m a rial r m NY for m ud Hilda Flo >f t s p pe , the tte se ect g te f o y st y, r w a o es for h in EK h ldin the ne vari D r . Al n im m rm an f r c eck g M U o gs of ety, Z e
> iblio ra hi c a i an ura r rbaria ci ed g p ss st ce , the c to s of the he t
TEX US for the l an or use im n an d the Plan R ur C n r for , ) o of spec e s , t eso ces e te
' acilities .
LITERATURE CITED
B n n L. . rn R A. D arr . 1 . ee an hrubs o the ou thweste e so , , ow 198 Tr s d S f S
D es Ed. . v . erts . 3 ni Ariz na Pr Tu n Ariz n a. U of o ess , cso , o
Bu i . 1 . r 9 N r : A n a. a tte w ck , M 89 otewo thy collections rizo M drono
C rr ll D . . . . anual o th Vas ular Plan ts o o e , S M C John ston . 1 970 . M f e c f
Texas . T a R ar h F unda i n nn r T a . ex s ese c o t o , Re e , ex s
Cu l H. . r 1 . nu t e , C 939 Monograph of the North American species of the ge s
E h r - d a. e Ann . i a d. 42 . p M ssouri Bot . G r 9
Hi i - n . E dra . . A d 1 987 . c a . P . 2 2 In: . L. W l N D gg s , L phe e e p 8 9 , S e sh , twoo ,
S. G dric a u ali . r a Ba in N r oo h , L Higgin s A Utah Flora. G e t s t st M m . e 9 .
J h n n I. . M 1 943 . Plan la hihuahua an d ad inin o sto , ts of Coahui , eastern C , jo g
a a a a d D u - n A . . ran . . r Z c tec s go , I J n old Arbor 339
P - ll A. M . l 1 . B n d a ura owe , 988 Trees 6? Shrubs of Trans Pecos Texas . Big e N t Hi r A ia i n Bi B nd N at . Par T a . sto y ssoc t o , g e k , ex s
S a E - A. 1987 . harl ri r or Plan tae h w , C es W ght on the Boun da y 1 849 1 852 , , Wri hti an ae Revis ited. W r nn i u . l r Publ . . C g Meck e Corp , estpo t , o ect c t 1 50 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 50 February 1 993
- - l . 1 1 a th b u da . . T rr . 1 8 1 9 B n e n r P 27 270 6 o ey, J 85 85 ot y of o y p , p ,
h n i tat i n un da W . H. Em r Re ort on t e ted es an d M ex ca Bo r o y, p U S y
h n a . . urve Vol . 2 . A. O. P. Ni l W in n D S y, c o so , sh gto , C
fila Valdés J . H. Fl r . 1 7 . Las im n rm a en la ra halofila i so , o es 98 g ospe s flo y g p
- A al . l . v . ac . e . Bo t . . de . i N i Mexico n es In st B o Uni Méx co , S r 58
b a b a . Pr . A r . A ad. a . n W tson , S 1879 . Co tri ution s to Am eric n ot ny oc me c
- Arts 303 . - Phytologia (February 1 9 93 ) 1 60 .
A A NEW GENUS OF BROMELIACEAE TILLANDSIOIDEAE RACINAE , ( )
n c r m an B . Smi Michael A. Spe e Ly th
an a i n al u um Na ural Hi r HB- 166 Departm ent of Bot y, N t o M se of t sto y, N ,
A. h nian n i u i n Wa hin n D . C . 20560 U . S. Smit so I st t t o , s gto ,
ABSTRACT
A t e-evaluation of Tillan ds ia subgenu s Pseudo-catopsis (André) Baker revealed sufficien tly distin ct ch aracters to warran t the establishm ent of
a new nu c inae a. am d in h n r Racin F t r Racinaea ge s , Ra N e o o of e os e ,
an d new mbin ati n are r vid d for 4 is described and discussed, co o s p o e 6
species and 1 5 varieties .
K Y : Br m lia a Pseudo- ato sis Racin aea Tillan d E WORDS o e ce e , c p , ,
8 20
- h r l Tillan ds ia section Ps eu do catopsis was establishedby An dre i n 1 889 . S o t y h r - He har a r Ba r 1 889 l va d Ps eudo cato sis sub enen c ran . t e e fte , ke ( ) e e te p to g k c acterizedthe r u b havin l av ul a ria u a umi na and m r g o p y g e es ros te , co ceo s , c te , o e or l d n l l id i di i u r m all an d a a ul 3 - 4 im ess e se y ep ote , sp kes st cho s , flowe s s , c ps e t es l n Mez i s a m n Br m lia a for C . the e gth of the sep als . n hi tre t e t of o e ce e ’ DeCan dolle s M on oara h a h n r ud - ato sis as a p i e P a e ogam arum , accepted Ps e o c p ’ valid ub nu in Tillan ds ia but did not a all Ba r d ri iv ar s ge s , ccept of ke s esc pt e ch a ra cte . He redefined it by u sin g both st am en s that are shorter than the pet als and a he mm ri al as r l van ub n ri hara r . In d in sy et c sep s the e e t s ge e c c cte s o g so ,
ran rred v ral i t Pseudo- ato sis n u Ba r and in t sfe se e spec es ou of su bg . c p se s ke to
r ub n ra in illan i mi D n 1 77 n inu d the use othe s ge e T ds a. S th 8: ow s ( 9 ) co t e of Pseudocato sis n u in h i m n a Br m lia a h u p se s Mez t e r o ogr ph of the o e ce e , t o gh h ur h r d n a t ey f t e efi ed it s havin g sepal s broadest towards the apex .
Durin the ur r vi i n ar t ra Br m lia a g co se of e s o y work on he gene of o e ce e , we have com e to the con clusion that t ax a treated un der subgenus Ps eudocatop sis are sufficiently distin ct from other tillan dsioid species to warrant generic
r a i o seg eg t on . We therefore est ablish the new genu s Racin aea to ac com m da h te t em . The unique set of characters that readily distin guish Racin aea r m h r tillan dsioid n ra a a n i u u r f o ot e ge e re distichous , sm all nd in co sp c o s flowe s ; 152 P H Y T O L O GI A volum e -1 6 0 February 1 993
asymm et ric sepals whi ch are broadest towards the ap ex an d free or nearly so; st am ens an d pistil that are in cluded in the corolla; an d a short and stou t style . A generic description an d appropriate new combinations fo r t axa previously
h uld be n d a Tillan ds ia ad ressa An dré treated as Tillan dsia follow . It s o ote th t p
its vari i hil b l n in in Racinaea are lud d r m the r nt and et es , w e e o g g , exc e f o p ese
b au are b in r a d ara l l h r Gran in r . work ec se they e g t e te sep te y e sew e e ( t , p ess) The generic nam e is adopted in honor of the late Racine Foster ( 19 10 - 1 99 1 )
e hu b d ul d F ll d m r an 200 new i s who , with h r s an M for oster, co ecte o e th spec e
br m liad und d J urnal the Br m liad S i and au r d of o e s , fo e the o of o e oc ety, tho e
h was a m ar abl m an an d her b Braz il rchid o the Tro i s. e r the ook , , O f p c S e k e wo v dedication to the study of brom eliads was an exem plary an d lifelon g endea or .
It gives us great pleasure to nam e our new genus after her .
illan dsia us i R acin ae a M . . . B . n . n ov. T PE: T A Spencer L Smith , ge Y c p
- data t a . . . 1 . L. B . Smi Ph olo i l 3 7 8 963 th , y g p , figs
- dr . 2 . 1 . illa ia d rom el. n T nds section Pseu o Catopsis André , B A 6 , 66 889
Tillandsia ub nu Ps eudo Cato sis Andre Ba er Han db. Brorm s ge s p ( ) k ,
157 , 192 . 1889 .
m Herbae a aul vel aul n e i h ticae . F lia rosul ati c es c esce tes , p p y o
v lae ae uales vel ubin sub atentia el subbulbosa. Va in a am p g e p , q s
n a li at ve su b es . a u di in u . In flatae . Lami e ngul ae l filiform Sc p s st ct s
florescentia im l vel m i a rami di i ia rari im l vi r s p ex co pos t , s st ch , ss e e te
secun dis . Fl r herm a hroditi actinom or hi ci distichi vel rar o es p , p , o
secundi il vel br vi im di lla i in n i ui m nibu , sess es e ss e pe ce t , co sp c , o s
minu i sae ss ve t s s a v u a as m t , pi im e pallidi l lu e cente . Sepal con ol t , y
m ri a et re ad a icem latiora non ul ra 1 mm l n a lib ra vel et c fe p , t 5 o g , e
rari ime ba i br vi im coalita. P ala lib ra nuda lu minusve ss s e ss e et e , , p s
a n ia u se evio a v o a amina et istilla p te t q am palis br r el longi r . St p
m r in lu a. Filam n a lib ra uam uam interdum adna a ad se pe c s e t e , q q t
ala. varium im u riu abe u subsessilis pet O opt e s pe s , gl rrimum . Styl s ve b evi v l r ssimus et cra u b e o . a ula icid dehis ss s , o ario r vi r C ps sept e
c n . mina r a ba i l a o se cantium ue e s Se e ect , s pi orum p ppif rmium ri q
seuto niveoru a a m com appendi cul ta.
Plan a l n h - a i av ul a n u r ul . ts c esce t to s o t c escent , ep phytic Le es ros te , ope bb su lbous . h a v u S am l n subinflated. Blad li ul a subfilifor e ths p e , e e to es g te to
S a di in . n r n im l or m un d bran h c pe st ct I flo esce ce s p e co po , c es
un d. Fl r h rm a hr di i a in m r hi di i h u sec owe s e p o t c , ct o o p c , st c o s n r 85 Smi th : Racin aea n e w n u in Br m lia a 1 Spe ce , ge s o e ce e 53
r adin h r r han l n r han al . am n a d or less sp e g , s o te t to o ge t the sep s St e s n pistil
in lud din al m im d l . Filam n r always c e the pet s , so et es eep y so e ts f ee , som etim es
al . var m l l u ri r abr u . adnate to the pet s O y co p ete y s pe o , gl o s Style subsessile to
and u r r an var . a ul icidal d c short sto t , sho te th the o y C ps e sept , ehis ent . Seeds
ba all a n da d i h a hi a i rm m a. erect , s y ppe ge w t w te , p pp fo co
dsc e n de . . in ae a a n s L B Smi n mi h om b. n o Rac S r S v. BA ( th) pe ce t , c
I NY : Tillan dsia ads en dens . B . r S O M L mi N o th Am . l. c S th , F
1938 . T PE: E . Batteri 1 0 5 H P : Y M XICO 0 ( OLOTY E GH) .
in ae a ae r -i Rac is n c la n r mi om b. n S 85 S ov. BA o (Mez) pe ce th , c SIONYM
Vriesea aerisin ola in a l r c r iu F . as . T P Mez M t s , B 1 894 . Y E
h - . k BRA L ots s . n . illands ia a ris in l ZIL y (LECTOTYPE : G) . T e co a
Mez Mez in D . n r . h n M o o P a . . ( ) C , g 1896
R acinae a blassn . . L B mi n com b. S S r Smi nov. BA ( th) pe ce th , SIONYM
llan ds ia bl i - Ti i L. B . mi t ass Ph olo ia l . fi . S 1 5 . 1 7 1 . th , y g p , g 6 9 T PE: EC AD . Hort. . las Y U OR A B s 4 (HOLOTYPE: US) .
R acin ae a c o m m ixa Mez n m b n S r Smi h o . ov. BA ( ) pe ce t , c SIONYM Tillan ds ia comm a iz Mez e ert . v No . 1 1 . T P : . , R p Sp. 9 9 Y E PERU
Mathe ws s . n . (HOLOTYPE: K) .
Racin ae a c n r a b n S n r mi om . ov. BA N o t o t (Mez) pe ce S th , c SIO YM Tillan dsia on torta Mez b. . Fi i r ex Mez ull . c tt e , B Her Boiss , II .
1903 . T PE: TA COS R A. on duz in r t as aric . 1 1 H Y IC T He b. C 3 76 ( OLO TYPEz B)
Racin ae a c ris a Ba r S enc r mi h om b n uz S . ov. BA N : G p ( ke ) p e t , c SIO YM m an ia ris a Ba r ur . Bot . : c p ke , Jo London 188 7 . TYPE COLOM
BIA. Purdie s . n . il in (HOLOTYPE: K) . T landsia crispa (Baker) Mez D C . Mo o n r . han. , g P 1896 .
Racin ae a c u idat a s L. B . N Smi S n r Smi om b. n ov. BAS O p ( th) pe ce th , c I YM
Tillan ds ia idat - us L. B . . . a fi . 1963 Smi Ph tolo ia l . 7 8 c p th , y g p 3 , gs T PE: PER . Wurda lc Y U c 145 7 (HOLOTYPE: US; Isotype : USM) .
R acinae a diffu sa L. B . mi A S S n r 85 Smi om b. nov. B S O ( th) pe ce th , c I NYM
Tillan dsia di - u a L. B . . s Smi h t . 1 . 1 3 Ph olo a l . 9 0 96 fi t , y gi p 3 , figs T P E: PER . Wurdach 1 Y U 547 ( HOLOTYPE: US) .
R acin ae a e le a n s L. B . Smi m n A S n r mi h o b. ov. B S O g ( th) pe ce 85 S t , c I NYM Tillan ds i le a a e ns L. B . mi . 4 . b . fi 8 S h n . . . a . r g t , Co tr U S N tl He g
1954 . T PE: E - C AD . r Y U OR D ew E 3 9 1 (HOLOTYPE : US) . 1 54 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 60 February 1 993
A O n a a fawc e t t u Mez S n r Smi com b. n ov. B S R ac i e ( ) pe ce th , I NYM
. T PE han . 1896 a ttii M z in D . Mon o r . P Tillan ds ia f wce e C , g Y
H T PE: B Isot e GH . Harris in Fl. Jam ai a 51 8 6 JAMAICA. c ( OLO Y ; yp ; )
A N R acin ae a fl exu o sa Ba r S n r 85 Smi h om b. n ov. B S O ( ke ) pe ce t , c I YM E: BO d 1 7 . T P z u o a a ur . Bot . n n 88 Catopsis fle s B ker, Jo Lo o Y - h bakeri . B . mi Man don 1 1 72 HO T PE: . Tillan dsia L S LIV IA. ( LO Y K) t ,
a H rb. 1 . Cont r. Gr y e 193
A : Tillan r a a fras e ri Ba r n r Smi h com b. n ov. B S O R acin e ( ke ) Spe ce t , I NYM A or . T PE: CO O B . ram l. 1 7 . 1 sia fras eri Baker, Handb B e 8 889 Y L M I
T PE: BM . Fras er s . n . HO O ECUAD OR (without locality) . ( L Y )
N n o . O R ac in ae a hiesbre ht u Ba r S n r 8: Smi om b. v BAS g g ( ke ) pe ce th , c I YM T PE: illan dsi hi bre hti a Han db. Brom el. 206 . 1 889 . T a g es g i B ker, Y
hi br ht T PE: P . MEXICO . G es eg 77 (HOLO Y )
b. nov. BA R acin ae a ilm art in iae L. B . Smi S nc r Smi om g ( th) pe e th , c
h tolo a l . 2 illan dsia lm artin iae L. B . mi P i SIONYM : T gi S th , y g p ,
- lm artin H T PE : US . E : E AD R . i 799 O O figs . 5 6 . 1963 . TYP CU O G ( L Y )
. ON R acin ae a h o m ost ach a Andre S n r Smi om b nov. BAS y ( ) pe ce th , c I YM
num . rom e 7 . 1 D ec . 1 888 Rev . Tillandsia hom ostachya André , E B l. 3 ; ' H A . An dr e 76 O O 1 D ec . 1 . T PE: E DOR 3 3 Hortic . 6 888 Y CU ( L TYPE: K)
R acin ae a in c n s ic u a Andre S n r Smi om b. n ov. BAS o p ( ) pe ce th , c IONYM
l. . 1 D ec . 1888 Rev . Tillan dsia in ons i ua Andr Enum . Brom e 8 3 c p c é , ; ' An dr e 795 H : D . 1 D ec . 1 . T PE E A R 3 Hot tie . 6 888 Y CU O ( OLO
TYPE: K) .
R ac in ae a in sularis Mez nc r mi om b. nov. BAS Spe e 8: S th , c IONYM ‘ ( )
illan a i la n M on o r . Phan . 1 96 . T PE T dsi nsu ris Mez i DC . , g 8 Y
tein dachn er H T PE: W . ECUAD OR . S 29 ( OLO Y )
latilamin a Gilm ar in R acin ae a in sularis (Mez ) Spencer Smith var . ( t ) b BA : Tillan ds ia ins ularis Mez n r mi h com . nov. Spe ce 8: S t , SIONYM
var . latilam in i tolo a 1 6 . T PE: E ADOR . a G lm artin , Phy gi 9 8 Y CU
ilm rt G a in 8 Hornm an 882 (HOLOTYPE: US) .
R a A cin ae a e nm an u Ba r n r Smi h om b. nov. B S O j ( ke ) Spe ce t , c I NYM
llan ds ia n n ot . d 1 . T PE Ti e m a ii Ba r J ur. B n n 887 j ke , o Lo o Y
J enm an H T PE : : B . GUYANA. 848 ( OLO Y K; Isotype RG)
a A M R cin ae a lam in a a L. B . Smi h S n r Smi h com b. n ov. B S N t ( t ) pe ce t , IO Y
Tillan ds i l t - h Ph olo a l . . 1 1 1 2 . a am in ata L. . i B Smit , y g p 3 , figs
156 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 60 February 1 993
t A R ac in ae a arvifl o ra Ruiz Pavé n S n r Smi h om b. n ov. B p ( ) pe ce , c
l . 269 . M : illan dsia arvi ora ui Pav6n Fl. Peruv. SIONY T p fl R z , p ’
T PE: PER . Ruiz 8 Pavon s . n . HO OT PE: BM . 1 802 . Y U ( L Y )
v e an sa L. B . R acin ae a parviflo ra (Ruiz Pa on ) Spen cer Smith var . xp (
Smi h S n r Smi om b. n ov. BAS ON : Tillan ds ia arvi ora t ) pe ce th , c I YM p fl
é ans a . . mi h P tolo a . 7 . 1 9 71 . av var . z h i Ruiz P n e p L B S t , y g fig
l ortus PE: . TYPE : ECUAD OR . B ass H 6 (HOLOTY US)
R acin ae a e c in a a Andr S n r Smi h com b. n ov. BAS O p t t ( é) pe ce t , I NYM '
llan i n m l. e . ev . Hortic . Ti ds ia e t n ata Andr E um . Bra e 13 D c 1888 R p c e , ; ' T E 1 . PE : E AD . Andr e 0 2 HO O P 1 6 D ec . 888 TY CU OR 3 3 ( L Y
K ; Isotype : NY) .
' A N R ac in ae a e n du lis ic a S n r 85 Smith com b. n ov. B S O p p (Mez) pe ce , I YM
ill . M on o . Phan . 1 96 T PE T andsia endulis ica ez in D . r p p M C , g 8 Y
o PERU . P eppig 1 348 (HOLOTYPE : G; Isotype : W) .
in ae a e n . m b. n v R ac lan dii L. B mi h n r mi h o o . BAS O p ( S t ) Spe ce 81. S t , c I NYM
- ll . Ti an ds ia enlan dii L. B . mi Lillo a l. 1 . 14 1 5 . 1941 p S th , p , figs
n lan d um m ers 1 H T PE: H . TYPE: ECUADOR . Pe 8 S 1 3 8 ( OLO Y G )
R a a h var . e n du n c u lat a cin e a p e n lan di i (L. B . Smith) Spencer Smit p
. . A : Tillan ds ia L B Smi h S n r mi com b. n ov. B S O ( t ) pe ce S th , I NYM l n d en l . a ii L. B . mi h v . en dun culata L . mi h Lilloa 1 p S t ar p . B S t , p ,
- . 1 om T PE : B A. D aniel T as 1 5 8 HO O figs 6 1 7 1941 . Y COLOM I 8 5 ( L
TYPE : US) .
R acin ae ifo rm is . h m b. nov. BA a u L B . Smi S n r mi h o p g ( t ) pe ce 8: S t , c I : ill B . . a rb. S ONYM T andsia u i rmis L. H p g fo Smith , Contr Gr y e
- 24 l . . . A . it h o k 1 4 7 1930 . T PE: EC DOR H 2 1 58 6 HO O , p , figs Y U c c c ( L T PE: Y GH; Isotype : US) .
R a i dri in at n ov. c n ae a u a Mez odiro n r mi om b. n a 81. S S 81. S q p ( ) pe ce th , c BA l : b . i . S ON Ti lan dsia uadri inn ata o ro Bull . H r B I YM q p Mez S di , e o ss ,
. 1 . T PE: odiro H OT PE: B . II 905 Y ECUADOR . S ( OL Y )
R ac in ae a rio c An dre n om b n o re ux u S r Smi h . v. BA ( ) pe ce t , c SIONYM
Tillan dsia rio ii dr num . rom l creux An E B e . 7 . 1 D ec . 1 ev . Hor é , 3 888 ; R ’
ic . e t 1 D c . 1 . PE : An dr e 8 H 6 888 TY ECUAD OR . 440 ( OLO T : YPE K) .
R acin a o lo c ar e a r a An dre n r mi m b. n . a S 81. S h o ov BA p p ( ) pe ce t , c SIONYM
Tillan dsia ro alo a a n u r r B am el. . e . v . c An dr E m . c p p é , 6 1 3 D 1888 ; Re
'
Hortic . 1 . P : . d 1 6 D ec . 888 TY E COLOMBIA An r e 23 1 9
HO OT PE: : ( L Y K ; Isotype NY) . r m ith : Racin aea n e w n u in Br m lia a 1 7 Spen ce 85 S , ge s o e ce e 5
in ae a ro t h schu hian a S n r 85 Sm i h om b. n ov. BAS O R ac (Mez) pe ce t , c I NYM
l n ds ia r t chuhian a Mez in D . M on o r . Phan . Til a o hs C , g 1 896 .
ot chuh : TYPE: NICARAGUA. R hs 94 (HOLOTYPE B) .
- ac in ae a an c ae m ar ae L. B . Smi h S n r 85 Smi h om b. n ov. BA R s t t ( t ) pe ce t , c
- ill n ia an ctae m artae . t o I NYM : T a ds s L B . mi h Ph lo a l . S O S t , y gi p
- h . . . H. H. m it 2 3 H 1 3 4 . 1 956 T PE: C O B A S 6 O O , figs Y OL M I 4 ( L
TYPE: NY; Isotype : K) .
acin ae a se e m an n i i Ba r S n r 85 Smi h com b. n ov. BA ON R ( ke ) pe ce t , SI YM
Brom el. 1 . : nia eem ann ii a an db. Guzm a s B ker, H 53 1 889 . TYPE ECUA l eem ann H T PE: . Ti lan dsia seem ann ii Ba DOR . S 898 ( OLO Y K) ( ker)
Mez in D . on o r . Phan . 1 . C , M g 896
R acin ae a sinu sa L. B . Smi S n r 85 Smi om b. nov. BAS N o ( th) pe ce th , c IO YM
Tillan ds ia sin u a . . os L B Smi h n r . ra H rb. 2 l . 2 . t , Co t G y e 3 , p , figs
- 2 . . : 8 1 1 930 TYPE ECUAD OR. Hitchcock 2 1 358 (HOLOTYPE : GH;
: NY US . Isotypes , )
R acin ae si a B . mi . o a nu o sa ( L. S th) Spencer 85 Smith var q uir z u (Gilm rtin ) S n r om 85 mi h b. nov. BA : illan dsia sinuos a L. B . pe ce S t , c SIONYM T
mi h va . uir S r ozii Gilm ar in Ph tolo a 1 . T PE: E A t q t , y gi 968 Y CU D ilm art n . i OR G 1 1 76 (HOLOTYPE: US) .
R ac in ic ul ae a s o sa risebach r c m b n v. O G S n 85 Smi o . o BAS p ( ) pe ce th , I NYM Tillan ds ia s i los a riseba a tt cu G ch ht . es . Wi . oe . p , N c G ss G
1865 . T PE : Fen dler : . Y V ENEZUELA. 1 5 1 8 (HOLOTYPE GOET)
R acin ae a s ic u lo sa riseba m ic ran h a Bak r p (G ch ) Spen cer 85 Smith var . t ( e ) S n r 85 Smi om b. n r n ov. BA : illan dsia mi a tha Bak r pe ce th , c SIONYM T c e ,
J ur . Bot . d l r n T : D . en d e 1 o Lo on 1 887 . YPE TRINIDA F 8 8
HO : llan OT PE . i mi rantha Ba r ( L Y K) T dsia spiculosa Grisebach var . c ( ke )
L. B . Smi Ph to o a th , y l gi 1 970 .
R a i c n ae ic ul . a s osa riseba s e n l ssa L. B p (G ch) Spen cer 85 Smith var . t og o ( Smi S n r b l t n loss a 85 Smi om . n ov. B : il andsia s e o th) pe ce th , c ASIONYM T g
- L. B . Sm i h Fie dia a l n Bot . . : V ENEZU 2 h . 1 5 1 T PE t , fig . 3 g 9 Y
ELA. Ste erm ark illan ia s iculosa Gri y 59 775 (HOLOTYPE: F) . T ds p se ba h var . sten o l illand oss a . mi a a ub . T L B . S G uda Br m li c g ( th) o , o e ce e s f
sioide ae . Flora o the Guian as S ri A: Phan r am Fa i l f ( e es e og s , sc c e
1 987 .
R acin ae a s ic u lo sa riseba v u u la a R i z p (G ch) Spen cer 85 Smith ar. st t ( e t ) S n r 85 mi h b h S om . n v ill n i triti ea Bur ll pe ce t , c o . BASIONYM : T a ds a c c e ex Ba r var . us tulat PE : B A . a R i z ellowia 1 2 . T R ke e t , S 96 Y ZIL
Reitz 593 HO T PE : 4 ( LO Y HER) . 158 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e -1 60 February 1 993
m b n v. B mi n r mi o . o A R ac in ae a st e e rm arkii L. B . S S 85 S y ( th) pe ce th , c
ia l. ill n ia rm arkii . t o I NYM : T a ds ste e L. B mi Ph ol S O y S th , y g p
- E: E E A. te erm ark Es in oz a fi . I K. 1974 . T P V EN S 8 3 , g Y ZU L y , p ,
D iederichs 1 06 763 (HOLOTYPE : US; Isotype : V EN) .
a m b n ov. A N R acin ae su bulat a Andr S nc r 85 Smi co . B S ( é) pe e th , IO YM
i t v . . Tillands a subula a Andr num . Brom el. . D ec . 1 e H t ie é , E 7 13 888 ; R o t '
n dr e e. . H 16 Dec . 1888 . TYPE: ECUAD OR . A 3 763 p ( OLO TYPEz K)
A N R acin ae a t an da ian a u r n r 85 Smi h om b. n ov. B S O p (L the ) Spe ce t , c I YM
- Tillan dsia tan da ian a u r elb an a 2 l. 4 . 1 9 2 . T PE p L the , S y 9 , p 8 Y
. un r n al. 1 T PE: EL ECUAD OR W de li et. 865 (HOLO Y S ; Isotypes
UNA USF . , )
R acin ae a t e n u is ic a Andr S nc r 85 Smi com b. nov. BAS N p ( é) pe e th , IO YM
llan ia t u . e . ev . Ti ds en is ica Andr Enum Brom el. 7 . 1 D c 18 8 R p é , 3 8 ; '
H ie . 1 Dec . . Andre 1 in ar ot t 6 . 1888 TYPE: COLOMBIA 24 4 p t
: (HOLOTYPE K) .
A R acin ae a t et rant h a Ruiz 85 Pavén S n r 85 Smi h om b. n ov. B ( ) pe ce t , c l r I NYM : Ti lan ia tet antha avén l. eruv. l. 2 . S O ds Ruiz 85 P , F P p 65 ’
. P uiz Pavon s . n . H PE: MA . 1802 TY E: PERU . R 8 ( OLOTY )
' R a i t t au ran iac a c n ae a e rant h a (Ruiz 85 Pavim ) Spen cer 85 Smith var . t llan dsia au Grisebach S n r Smi h om b. n ov. BA ON : Ti ( ) pe ce 85 t , c SI YM i r n t isebac a e . i . tt . PE a aca Gr h N t . s W oe . 1865 T , ch G ss G Y
dl llan i tetran V ENE E A. n r Ti ds a ZU L Fe e 25 75 (HOLOTYPE: GOET) . tha uiz av6 ti ra r n B . mi n r . R 85 P n var . au a a a Grisebach L. S C G c ( ) th , o t y
1 . Herb. 930
R acin a t t aribae a L. B . ae e rant h a (Ruiz 85 Pavon) Spen cer 85 Smith var. c (
A. Smi S n r 85 Smi com b. nov. BA N : T PE: V ENE E th) pe ce th , SIO YM Y ZU L dl r en lan ds ia caribeae . . mi h F e 1 523 HO OT PE: OET . Til L B S ( L Y G ) t ,
Pr . Am r . A ad. . a illan d oc e c Arts 70 ( Contr Gr y Herb . 1935 ; T h sia tetrant a Ruiz 85 Pavé n var . caribeae L. B . Smi G uda Brom eli ( th) o , b i s r aceae u . Flo a o the uian as ri A: Fa i l s f T llan d ioideae . f G ( Se es sc c e
- 66 . 1987 .
R acin ae a t et rant h av v d n sifl ra a (Ruiz 85 P on ) Spen cer 85 Smith ar. e o
Andr S n r 85 Smi com b. n ov. BA : Tillan ds ia auran ( é) pe ce th , SIONYM tic a riseba G ch var . dens i ora Andr Enum . rom el. . D e c fl é , B 7 13 c . 1 888 ;
'
v Ho t c . e . 1 Dec . 1 T PE: AD . n dr e R r i . 6 888 Y ECU OR A 2342
H illan ds i tetran th av ( OLOTYPE : K ; Isotype : NY) . T a a Ruiz 85 P én ' va d i ora r . ens h n r . a H rb. . Andr L. B . Smi C Gr 1 9 0 fl ( e) t , o t y e 3
160 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 60 February 1 993
ACKN OWLED GMENTS
We wouldlike to than k D an Nicolson an dJohn Wurdack for their help with th a in ar ld bin n and en mi for revi in m anu cri e L t , H o Ro so Steph S th ew g the s pt ,
li r h r a n ran and ar r n for h ir val uabl com an d Les e B ot e s , J so G t , M k St o g t e e m ents an d suggestion s .
WORKS CITED
r Andreana . ari F an . n dr E . 1 . om elia ae P A é , 889 B ce e s , r ce
. n l a d d n Ba r 1 . Ha dbook o the Brom e ia eae r B ll n n n ke , J 889 f c Geo ge e so s , Lo o ,
Englan d.
hiae han ero a M . 1 . a in . o ono ra ez C 896 Br meli ceae . De an d lle M P , o C C , g p g
- m arum. 990 .
dsioideae . Fl ra Smi L. B . 85 R . J . D n . 1977 . Br m liaceae Till an th , ow s o e ( ) o
- Neo tro ica n . p Mo ographs 1492 . - Phytologic ( February 1 99 3 ) 1 63 .
A NEW SPECIES OF SENE CIO( ASTERACEAE) FROM NORTHERN COAHU LA ME ICO I . X
Tu rn r L. B . e
D ar m n B an niv r i T a Au in T a 78713 U . S. A. ep t e t of ot y, U e s ty of ex s , st , ex s
ABSTRACT
A n ew ecie S n i r isk in du B . L . Turn er 85 T . Barkle is de sp s , e ec o y,
scrib d fr m n rth rn ahuila i . It b l n t o the Trian ularis e o o e Co , Méx co e o gs g
litho hilus r enm an . group of Sen ecio where it appears to relate to S. p G e
KEY W : A ra a en eci i ORD S ste ce e , S o, Méx co
Routine identification of Mexican Asteraceae has reveal ed the following v no elty.
S n i ris kin du B . n . a kl n E : E . Tur r 85 T B r s : ov. T P C O e ec o e ey, p Y M XI
' El B ni C ahuila: i . de Villa A uria rrania del Burr an h o Mp o c , Se s o , R c o o to ° ’ ° ' ca. 29 0 1 102 07 W C an n El T r al ar u il in a had d ( N , ) , yo o o , c c eo s so s s e l u r d 1 H i h e cus . 1 iskin O O 8 Se 1 977 D avid H. R 2 23 s ope w t Q spp , p , ( L T PE: TEX ! Y ; Isotype : MEX U) .
Sen ecioni lithophilo Greenm an similis sed plantis elatioribu s
cm al i c nv lucris a oribus - 10 m m t s vs . m ) et i o m j (9 ' lat e is vs . ca. 7 m m ) diflert .
Stiffl r u fru i m hi h . S m y e ect s f t cose sim ple stem m ed annu als to c a. g te s
ersistentl hi v br adl m n a t a u . a y w te to e tose , bou equally le fy througho t Le es o y
il la in h at dste l - 1 2 cm l n 2 - 4 cm s e , c sp g , t ose mi m m ost y 8 o g ,
inn a l n rva r i n l ara hn id m n b n a h p te y e te , pe s ste t y c o to e tose e e t ,
ab v th m ar in n a rm in al e H ad c a . 2 arran d i rra . 0 o e , g s se te e s , ge te
b - e d ra a m the ul im a dun l m l 2 4 cm l n . p cte te cy e , t te pe c es ost y o g
am anulate l - 10 m m l n bra ca. 2 uni ria m 9 p , the cts 3 , se te , ost y o g ,
at m a uri for the u d a i the al ulu 3 - 8 ll t ty except t fte p ces , c yc s of we
inear m n - b a ca. 1 3 r m . a fl r , to e tose , cts ostly 2 4 m m long R y o ets ,
r il the li ul ll m l - l n 2 - 3 m m id 4 fe t e , g es ye ow , ost y 9 1 0 m m o g , w e , 1 62 P H Y T O L O G I A volum e - 1 63 February 1 993
Di num r u the r lla ll 7- 8 m m l n labr u nervate . sk florets e o s , co o s ye ow , o g , g o s ,
- l ll . S . An h r ub 4 m m l n the l b ca. m m l n the t e 3 o g , o es o g t e s ye ow ty e
lum n ar ca. 8 an h run a ni illa at the v r a . A h n br c es t c te , pe c te e y pex c e es co ,
bb d ub hr u h u i h a ill hair the a u n u m r u ri e , p escent t o g o t w t p p ose s , p pp s of e o s
- readily deciduous sparsely ciliate bristles 6 7 m m long . This species p resum ably belongs to the Triangulares group of Sen ecio ’ (sen su Barkley In Barkley s t reatment of the Triangularis group for
i in S. ris kindii ill ke or n ar S. litho hilus Gr nm an a Méx co ( w y to e p ee , he la r s r r dl a lif poorly kn own species of southern Nuevo Leé n . T tte i epo te y c f
- dwellin g herb 40 60 cm high having sm aller heads .
a d he I forwarded type m aterial of the present novelty to D r . Barkley n m ade the following notes after careful comparison with type m aterial of Sen ecio lithophilus :
Sen ecio riskin dii principal involucral bracts 9- 10 m m long; plant 1 0 + dm t all; stem s arising singly from a taproot ; stem m ore ' or-less equ ally leafy throughou t but the leaves on the lower third r ( o r half) of the stem witherin g by flowerin g tim e; prin cipal leaves “ ” thin nish in text ure and with the evident secon dary vein s n ot
a - not bly parallel arcuate . m Sen ecio lithophilus principal involu cral bracts mostly ca. 7 m
l n lan 6 dm all m m r han 1 2 on ari o g; p t to t ; ste s o e t ( the type) , s
in r m an a ar n l r h r n d aud the lan r babl g f o pp e t y fo es o te e c ex , p t p o y perennial ; stern leafy throughout but the leaves on the lower half
the m the lar and r i n at rin im rin i al of ste gest , pe s ste t flowe g t e; p c p
l av a ar n l firm in ur i h at l a m vid n e es pp e t y text e , w t e st so e of the e e t
n v - seco dary eins parallel arcuate .
B - and- lar th v v e m a r r i n s . arl i h rin l a y ge , tte of pe s ste t e y w t e g e es
on the l a ower half of the stem has som e t axonomic distin ction . T p “ ” r vs . r aud is u but n abl an oot sho t c ex seful egoti e , for m y senecios
i a aud ar li i a a r and h n d v l a aud w th c ex st t fe w th t p oot , t e e e op c ex
as the plan t ages .
the 2 m - litho hilus If speci ens in han d of Sen ecio ris kindii an d S. p
r ll d on the am hill id uld im a in h m as we e co ecte s e s e , I co g e t e ex
r m the am ris kin dii b in a r ar lan on t e es of s e species ; S. e g fi st ye p t
a semishaded ll a d i l th ilu r hil . i o h s is a u h old , we w te e s te , w e S p to g
urviv r in a m r n d r la . h the lim i d m s o o e ope , rie p ce Wit te ateri
al s diff r n habi a an d di an ll i n i h v r hink , e e t t ts , st t co ect o s tes , owe e , I t
ha h are b r ard d a a t t t ey est eg e as quite sep r te species .
I am grateful to him for these reassuring observations and hence join his nam i h m in in r e w t e p oposing the species .
The i is n am d for t s nl v i kn n ll r D a id H. Ri skin d bi l spec es e o y ow co ecto , , o o ist i h the T a Park an d ildli W Au in T a . g w t ex s s fe , st , ex s
- Phytologia ( February 1 993 ) 1 6 7 .
TWO NEW SPECIES OF POLIOMIN THA ( LAMIACEAE) FROM NORTHEASTERN MEXICO
urn r B . L. T e
a B an niv r i T a Au in T a 7871 3 U . S. A. Dep rtm ent of ot y, U e s ty of ex s , st , ex s
ABSTRACT
w w oliomin tha P. b u st am an t a B . L. Turn r an d T o ne species of P , e
are d b dfr m uevo Leé n an d C ahuila P. den dr itica B . L. Turner escri e o N o ,
i r tiv l . B th ci b l to the t . Sature oides an d Méx co, espec e y o spe es e ong sec j
madrensis. A ke to the five i hi h both are closely related t o P. y spec es w c
d t t ed and th ir di tributi n in m the ct . ature oi es is n ru co pose se S j co s c , e s o s
Mexico are figured.
KEY W D : amia a Poliom in tha i OR S L ce e , , Méx co
Routine identification of plants from northern México has revealed the ll i v i fo ow ng no elt es .
Nu v P li m int h a bu st an t a . L. u n r s . n ov. T PE: E CO. o o am B T r e , p Y M XI e o
Leé n : Bu am an al n m un ai r ad av u id Bu am an st te , o g o t n o to c es o ts e of st te ,
P terson 1 H PE: TEX . 23 Jul 1988 Charles D . e 3 1 2 O OT , ( L Y )
oliom n th m imili sed a nis folioru m sae is P i ae adrensi Henr. s s p gi p
v bus cal bus m m l n im labris s. abrescenti ci i s e g ( gl ) , y o g s
- vs . 1 2 14 mm et cal c orificio an nulo m ani t richom atibus ( ) , y e festo
'
a v ann u a t . c renti ( s . ul s pr esens) difler
Bri l t d d minu l m m d hrubl 1 m hi h . m an 4 i tt e ste e s ets to g Ste s , s e , te y re e e b u fl x d hi idul u . av va lan la lli i lan la la r sp o s Le es o te ceo te to e pt c ceo te , g o s
for a i nal hi id hai r al n the m ar in m l 10 - 14 m m l n (except occ s o sp s o g g s) ost y o g ,
3- 5 mm id i l 2- m m l n a n i the blad blad v r a l w e; pet o es 3 o g , t peri g nto e; es e y we k y
inn a l n rva if at all d n l an dul ar un a on b h ur a the p te y e te , , e se y gl p ct te ot s f ces ,
- m ar in n ir . Fl r in l n the u r a a i the di l 1 m m g s e t e owe s s g e i ppe le f x ls , pe ce s 3 l n minu l hi idul - id u . al lin dri 1 1 4 m m l n ca. 2 m m o g , te y sp o s C yx cy c , 2 o g , w e , er: Two n e w species of Poliomin tha 165
1 2- 14 ribb d landular a mi r u hr u h u an d v r ar l h r weakly e , g to fe o s t o g o t e y sp se y s o t
narr l rian ular l b nver n 2 - 3 m m l n il i hin pilose , the ow y t g o es co ge t , o g , p ose w t , ali air a r d an d not rmin a di in annulu a rin i ke , the h s pp esse fo g st ct s ( g of
- at the ri the al . C r lla m r hi 4 cm concent rated hai rs o fice of c yx) o o s zygo o p c , 3
e u ent r u u al lav nd r the u r li ca. 2 m m l n r l th o gho t , p e e e ppe p o g ,
b d ca. 4 mm l n rui imm a ur . lip t rilo e , o g; f t t e
oli m in t ( 1 972 ) recogniz ed four species in his revision of P o ha: P.
lab ns a l n th . ature A. r b n e c ra an d P. res e G i S A. G y g c y, e o g g to se t i T r . A. ra u l Wi in and P. n can a d P. con nctriz E in 85 r G j p g gg s ( o ) y, l m in tha H nri k n 1 979 add d a h i l n in the . Po io . be o g g to sect e c so ( ) e fift spec es , l i r l r a d P. on o a. The r n i s madrens is H nt . l l i P. e , c ose y e te to g fl p ese t spec es
m adrensis but is r adil di in ui d b it s abr u closely related to P. e y st g she y gl o s l ave r m the ar not at all avin un l av i bran d ai r e s (f o st t , h g yo g e es w th che h s) ,
v - l n r al 1 2- 14 m m i h l n r i l ca. 1 m m l n s . 2 m m w t o ge pet o es ( o g 3 ) , o ge c yces (
v m m i an nul u indi in c or ab n . long s . ) w th the s st t se t
P : . ahuila P li m i t h a de n dri ic B . . u n r s . nov. E o o n t a L T r e , p TY E M XICO Co
km NE an h de an ar rn d the i rra de an R c o S M cos , weste e ge of S e S ° ' ° ' ar 26 49 N 102 07 750- 1400 m u rrin on lim n M cos ( , , occ g esto e
dt M . . i h A ave leche uilla . 12 Jun 1 72 F . hian T. Wen 8 C w t g g , etc , 9 , C g, ,
ohns ton J 76 76 (HOLOTYPE: TEXI) .
n si Poliom in thae m adrensi Henr . similis sed foliis persiste te g
illatim ubescentibu t a b vs a cibus s richom ti us ram osis . l bris cal p ( g ) , y
6- 7 m m l n v m l n an nulo o gis an nulo carentibus ( s . m o gis
in st - m ru ctis et corollis ca. 14 m m l n i lavandulis vs . 30 35 m , o g s (
' l n i u o g s p rpureis) diflert .
u bra d b 4 id d n ri l m m d h u bl hi . m M ch che tt e ste e s r et to 1 m gh Ste s s e , tan m ar dl ub av m l 7- 12 , ke y p escent with m ostly dendritic hairs . Le es ost y mm l n m m id i a lli i id o g , w e; pet oles ca. 1 m m long; bl des e pt c , w est at or ab u the middl an a ub n on b h o t e , gl dular punct te , persistently p esce t ot
ur a s i h m l d l r in l an d ndri i hair m ar in n ir . F s f ce w t ost y e t c s , the g s e t e owe s s g e axillar al n the - l n 1 2 - 14 u r bra . m y o g ppe n ches Calyces cylindric , 6 7 m o g , ribb d landular un a ub bran h d hair the e , g p ct te , p escent throughout with c e s , narr l k rian ular l b ca. 2 m m l n v n il i hi n zt ali ow y t g o es o g , con erge t , p ose w t , e , the hair not rmin a di i a l n r n l r lla ca. 14 mm s fo g st n ct nnulus . Co o s o g , st o g y z m hi li r the ub ca. 8 m m l n il al lav n d r the u r ygo o p c , t e o g , p ose , p e e e ppe p bil b d ca. 2 m m l n he l r a dl ril b d ur l t li c . m m l n m ar o e , o g , owe p 3 o g , ke y t o e , p p e m a ula al n the l hr a d ink id l r . n c te o g owe t o t Anthers ca. 1 m m lo g , eep p , w e y div i ar a . Frui i c te ts m m ature .
T i a n b au its bran d d ndri i hair is r um abl r la d h s t xo , ec se of che ( e t c) s , p es y e te Poliom in tha m adr m r ens is . nli the la r h v r the hai r are to U ke tte , owe e , s o e - 7 F bruar 1 993 166 P H Y T O L G I A volum e 1 6 e y
n Mexico : P. bus ta oliom in tha . Sature oides i Figure 1 . Dist ribu tion of P sect j
labres ens n ir l P. P. m t n rian l P. den driti a ar ) , an a (ope t g e) , c (t get) , g c (ope c c es
d ir l . l d rian l P. lon i ora l m adrens is (c ose t g e) , g fi (c ose c c e)
U U U KD Kt t V t U
hn Wil S n Inc . r i i l ditti . Fun dam en tals of O ch d B o ogy. Joseph Ar Jo ey 85 o s , ,
- Third Av nu New r r 1 0 158 00 12 . 1 992 . xii . 69 1 . 605 e e , Yo k , New Yo k pp
- - - BN 0 471 54906 1 hard v r . Price unknown . IS ( co e )
n nd d as a b for r hidbi l hi volum ami n I te e text ook o c o ogy, t s e ex es
hi ri al r iv r id ul ur rc id r r du i n an d sto c pe spect es of o ch c t e , o h ep o ct o ,
la i ca i n r hid as ll as v lu i n l h i l c ss fi t o of o c s , we , e o t o , cyto ogy, p ys o ogy,
mi r m l an a m m c rr iz al r la i n i phytoche st y, orpho ogy, to y, y o h e t o sh ps ,
llin a i n mbr l r di and l r id . The n al po t o , e yo ogy, he e ty, eco ogy of o ch s fi chapter examines some of the com m ercial and ethnobotanical uses
for orchids .
lan ts v . l . r d Pr Green P T ir ri n an Di r i P r . B l Di i , he O gi d e s ty ete R e osco es ess ,
9999 . W . Wil hir ui 124 P r lan d r n 9722 . 1 992 . 3 1 5 . S s e , S te , o t , O ego 5 pp
a v B - 1 14 -20 - hard vr (h rdco er) ; (paper) . IS N 0 93 6 8 ( co e ) ;
- 1 4 - - 0 93 1 6 23 2 (paper) .
Thi b illu ra d i bla and i ra an d s ook , st te w th ck wh te photog phs
lin dra in n id r the v lu i n an d r la i n hi all ho e w gs , co s e s e o t o e t o s ps of p
u d e t i as as eu tosynthetic organisms . In cl ed ar he prokaryot c well
kar otic rm . v u i v l nar r nd be y fo s E ol t onary history, and e o utio y t e s
The tween and within groups are discussed throughout the book . book will be a useful resource an d or t extbook for plant m orphol
ogy courses .
In f o rm atio n fo r Au th o rs
Articles fr m b ta ical s s em atics and ec l i c ludi o o n y t o ogy, n ng bi ra hical sketch es critical reviews and summaries o f literature will og p , , u ri ts ma be be considered fo r publication in PHYTOLOGIA . Man sc p y D i kette will be submitted eith er c m uter diskette o r as t escri t . s s on o p , yp p h i returned to auth ors after action h as been taken on t e manuscr pt . D iskettes may be inch es or inches and m ay be written in any IBM r M Int h m l f rm at T ri t ma uscri ts sh uld be o ac os co patib e o . ypesc p n p o i r single spaced and will be read into th e computer us ng a page scanne . Th e scanner will read standard typewriter fonts but will no t read dot tri ri t a uscri ts subm itted in do t matri ri t ca t be ac ma x p n . M n p x p n nno i s t se u dersc re n t italics fo r scie tific am es . C rrect cep ed. U n o ( o ) n n o on made on typescript manuscripts must be complete an d neat as th e scan il r a a e o f m a uscri ts m a be eit er ner w l no t ead th em oth erwise . L ngu g n p y h E l h r Fi ure will be reduced to fit with i lim its of te t ng is o Spanish . g s n x a es and th eref re sh uld be submitted with an i ter al scale and h ave p g o , o n n e e ds fo r fi ures dimensions proportional to th ose for text pages . L g n g sh l i l in fi wh v r i l Each m a uscri t ou d be nc uded gures ene e poss b e . n p h l h v n tr t n k w r li t S ecim e citati s sh uld be s ou d a e a abs ac a d ey o d s . p n on o i h h i erial titles sh uld be cited with cons stent t roug out th e manuscr pt . S o
' r Hu n tzan m Re fer es abbreviations used in Botan ico Pe iodicum u . enc cited only as part o f nom enclatural summ aries sh ould no t appear in i N m l t r l w rk h l i l e n ra r h r L terature C ited. o enc a u a o s ou d nc ud o e pa g ap pe basionym and must provide proper (as defined by th e curre nt In terna tional Code of Bo tan ical N omenclature) citation of sourc es of epith ets an i ti d comb na ons .
Auth ors sh ould arrange fo r two workers in th e appropriate field to ' review th m n ri t i i i f review h ul be e a usc p before subm ss on . C op es o s s o d f rwarded t th e e dit r with th m ri t a uscri ts will n t be o o o e anusc p . M n p o ublish ed with ut review p o .
C ost of publication is currently U S per page fo r publication with ut re ri t P bli ati with 1 r i i o p n s . u c on 0 0 eprints s prov ded for US er a e 2 0 0 re ri ts f r r P h wi h o US e a e . a e c ar es are due t p p g , p n p p g g g manuscript and no paper will be publish ed before paym e nt is received in f ll R i t m t b r u . e r s us e dered and aid f r in v Pa e h ar es will p n o p o ad ance . g c g be determi ed th e basis o f a t escri t a e si le s aced 1 0 i t n on yp p p g ( ng p , po n s, blank line between paragraph s) with all type inside a rectangle 1 45 mm h riz tal b 2 1 mm vertical no t i cludi ru i h ead an d a e ( o on ) y 9 ( ) , n ng nn ng p g Title a h l in l umber. e s u d c ude title auth o r s am e s and n p g o , ( ) n ( ) , r Tw l k l n add ess(es) . o b an i es should appear above and below sectio n h eadi s Abstrac t D is s i it rature ite i h t cu s e m u cri . C d e tc . n t e a s ng ( , on , L , ) n p N o extra ch arge is m ade fo r line drawmgs provided th ey co nfo rm to lim itatio s o f size an d r o rtio f r H l ir an n p op n o no rm al te xt . a fto nes re q u e extra ch ar e o f U e r g S p page .