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PERIODICALS PHYSICAL REVIEW E Postmaster send address changes to: For editorial and subscription correspondence, American Institute of Physics please see inside front cover Suite 1NO1 (ISSN: 1539-3755) 2 Huntington Quadrangle Melville, NY 11747-4502

THIRD SERIES, VOLUME 69, NUMBER 6 CONTENTS JUNE 2004

PART 1: SOFT MATTER AND BIOLOGICAL PHYSICS

RAPID COMMUNICATIONS

Statistical physics of soft matter Hybrid method for simulating front propagation in reaction-diffusion systems (4 pages) ...... 060101(R) Esteban Moro

Colloidal dispersions, suspensions, and aggregates Electrostatic attraction between neutral microdroplets by ion ﬂuctuations (4 pages) ...... 060401(R) Yu-Jane Sheng and Heng-Kwong Tsao

Liquid crystals Self-assembled uniaxial and biaxial multilayer structures in chiral smectic liquid crystals frustrated between ferro- and antiferroelectricity (4 pages) ...... 060701(R) V. P. Panov, N. M. Shtykov, A. Fukuda, J. K. Vij, Y. Suzuki, R. A. Lewis, M. Hird, and J. W. Goodby

ARTICLES

Statistical physics of soft matter Partition function, metastability, and kinetics of the escape transition for an ideal chain (15 pages) ...... 061101 L. I. Klushin, A. M. Skvortsov, and F. A. M. Leermakers Scaling and crossovers in activated escape near a bifurcation point (17 pages) ...... 061102 D. Ryvkine, M. I. Dykman, and B. Golding Noise-enhanced stability in ﬂuctuating metastable states (7 pages) ...... 061103 Alexander A. Dubkov, Nikolay V. Agudov, and Bernardo Spagnolo Analytical results for fundamental time-delayed feedback systems subjected to multiplicative noise (11 pages) ...... 061104 T. D. Frank Ornstein-Zernike equation and Percus-Yevick theory for molecular crystals (13 pages) ...... 061105 Michael Ricker and Rolf Schilling Colored-noise-induced discontinuous transitions in symbiotic ecosystems (8 pages) ...... 061106 Romi Mankin, Ako Sauga, Ain Ainsaar, Astrid Haljas, and Kristiina Paunel

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PHYSICAL REVIEW E THIRD SERIES, VOLUME 69, NUMBER 6 JUNE 2004

Broad relaxation spectrum and the ﬁeld theory of glassy dynamics for pinned elastic systems (33 pages) .... 061107 Leon Balents and Pierre Le Doussal Scaling and universality of inherent structure simulations (10 pages) ...... 061108 James B. Witkoskie and Jianshu Cao Bethe ansatz solution of zero-range process with nonuniform stationary state (7 pages) ...... 061109 A. M. Povolotsky Comparison of aperiodic stochastic resonance in a bistable system realized by adding noise and by tuning system parameters (8 pages) ...... 061110 Bohou Xu, Fabing Duan, and François Chapeau-Blondeau Self-diffusion in a system of interacting Langevin particles (11 pages) ...... 061111 D. S. Dean and A. Lefèvre Directed polymers and interfaces in random media: Free-energy optimization via conﬁnement in a wandering tube (14 pages) ...... 061112 Cécile Monthus and Thomas Garel Calculations of free energies in liquid and solid phases: Fundamental measure density-functional approach (10 pages) ...... 061113 Vadim B. Warshavsky and Xueyu Song Stationary Kolmogorov solutions of the Smoluchowski aggregation equation with a source term (6 pages) . . . 061114 Colm Connaughton, R. Rajesh, and Oleg Zaboronski

Equilibrium and linear transport properties of ﬂuids Heat transfer in the Knudsen layer (4 pages) ...... 061201 Felix Sharipov Replica Ornstein-Zernike self-consistent theory for mixtures in random pores (10 pages) ...... 061202 G. Pellicane, C. Caccamo, D. S. Wilson, and L. L. Lee Brillouin neutron scattering in heavy water: Evidence for two-mode collective dynamics (11 pages) ...... 061203 F. Sacchetti, J.-B. Suck, C. Petrillo, and B. Dorner Reaction ensemble Monte Carlo technique and hypernetted chain approximation study of dense hydrogen (9 pages) ...... 061204 V. Bezkrovniy, M. Schlanges, D. Kremp, and W. D. Kraeft Excitation lines and the breakdown of Stokes-Einstein relations in supercooled liquids (7 pages) ...... 061205 YounJoon Jung, Juan P. Garrahan, and David Chandler Liquid-liquid phase transitions for soft-core attractive potentials (15 pages) ...... 061206 A. Skibinsky, S. V. Buldyrev, G. Franzese, G. Malescio, and H. E. Stanley

Granular materials Velocity distribution for a two-dimensional sheared granular flow (16 pages) ...... 061301 M. Bose and V. Kumaran Cohesion induced by a rotating magnetic field in a granular material (8 pages) ...... 061302 F. Peters and E. Lemaire Inherent rheology of a granular fluid in uniform shear flow (10 pages) ...... 061303 Andrés Santos, Vicente Garzó, and James W. Dufty

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PHYSICAL REVIEW E THIRD SERIES, VOLUME 69, NUMBER 6 JUNE 2004

Thermal convection in monodisperse and bidisperse granular gases: A simulation study (10 pages) ...... 061304 Daniela Paolotti, Alain Barrat, Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi, and Andrea Puglisi Granular systems on a vibrating wall: The kinetic boundary condition (5 pages) ...... 061305 Rodrigo Soto Slow drag in granular materials under high pressure (7 pages) ...... 061306 Fuping Zhou, Suresh G. Advani, and Eric D. Wetzel Fluctuations of the solid discharge of gravity-driven particle ﬂows in a turbulent stream (13 pages) ...... 061307 Tobias Böhm, Christophe Ancey, Phillipe Frey, Jean-Luc Reboud, and Christophe Ducottet Anisotropic energy distribution in three-dimensional vibroﬂuidized granular systems (9 pages) ...... 061308 Peter E. Krouskop and Julian Talbot

Colloidal dispersions, suspensions, and aggregates Structural crossover in dense irreversibly aggregating particulate systems (10 pages) ...... 061401 D. Fry, A. Chakrabarti, W. Kim, and C. M. Sorensen Key-lock mechanism in nematic colloidal dispersions (6 pages) ...... 061402 N. M. Silvestre, P. Patrício, and M. M. Telo da Gama Anisotropic diffusion-limited aggregation (6 pages) ...... 061403 M. N. Popescu, H. G. E. Hentschel, and F. Family Chirality of electrodeposits grown in a magnetic ﬁeld (10 pages) ...... 061404 T. R. Ní Mhíocháin and J. M. D. Coey Synthetic view of two-dimensional aggregation (7 pages) ...... 061405 Abdelwahab Ghazali and Jean-Claude Serge Lévy Diffusion-limited deposition of dipolar particles (5 pages) ...... 061406 F. de los Santos, J. M. Tavares, M. Tasinkevych, and M. M. Telo da Gama Effect of three-body interactions on the phase behavior of charge-stabilized colloidal suspensions (8 pages) ...... 061407 A.-P. Hynninen, M. Dijkstra, and R. van Roij Dynamics of normal and superﬂuid fogs using diffusing-wave spectroscopy (4 pages) ...... 061408 Heetae Kim, Pierre-Anthony Lemieux, Douglas J. Durian, and Gary A. Williams

Structured and complex fluids Coarsening dynamics of ternary amphiphilic fluids and the self-assembly of the gyroid and sponge mesophases: Lattice-Boltzmann simulations (17 pages) ...... 061501 Nélido González-Segredo and Peter V. Coveney Two-dimensional lattice-fluid model with waterlike anomalies (9 pages) ...... 061502 C. Buzano, E. De Stefanis, A. Pelizzola, and M. Pretti Ubiquity of domain patterns in sheared viscoelastic fluids (5 pages) ...... 061503 E. K. Hobbie, S. Lin-Gibson, H. Wang, J. A. Pathak, and H. Kim Dynamics of growth in a three-component mixture with competing interactions (8 pages) ...... 061504 C. Varea Fragility in p-spin models (9 pages) ...... 061505 G. Parisi, G. Ruocco, and F. Zamponi

(Continued) CONTENTS - Continued

PHYSICAL REVIEW E THIRD SERIES, VOLUME 69, NUMBER 6 JUNE 2004

Ising fluids in an external magnetic field: An integral equation approach (12 pages) ...... 061506 I. P. Omelyan, I. M. Mryglod, R. Folk, and W. Fenz Modeling and simulation for phase coarsening: A comparison with experiment (9 pages) ...... 061507 K. G. Wang, M. E. Glicksman, and K. Rajan Can a droplet break up under flow without elongating? Fragmentation of smectic monodisperse droplets (5 pages) ...... 061508 L. Courbin, W. Engl, and P. Panizza Role of the density in the crossover region of o-terphenyl and poly(vinyl acetate) (5 pages) ...... 061509 A. Barbieri, G. Gorini, and D. Leporini

Films, interfaces, and crystal growth Compression of a capsule: Mechanical laws of membranes with negligible bending stiffness (7 pages) ...... 061601 Frédéric Risso and Muriel Carin Model for spreading of liquid monolayers (19 pages) ...... 061602 M. N. Popescu and S. Dietrich Field theoretic calculation of the surface tension for a model electrolyte system (11 pages) ...... 061603 D. S. Dean and R. R. Horgan Interfacial structure at a two-dimensional wedge filling transition: Exact results and a renormalization group study (14 pages) ...... 061604 J. M. Romero-Enrique, A. O. Parry, and M. J. Greenall Phase behavior of a binary symmetric mixture in slitlike pores with opposing walls: Application of density functional approach (8 pages) ...... 061605 Andrzej Patrykiejew, Orest Pizio, Stefan Sokołowski, and Zofia Sokołowska Numerical simulation of a continuum model of growth of thin composite films (4 pages) ...... 061606 Ehsan Nedaaee Oskoee, M. R.H. Khajehpour, and Muhammad Sahimi Relaxation processes in Langmuir films under lateral compression (6 pages) ...... 061607 A. V. Zakharov and Mitsumasa Iwamoto Persistence in nonequilibrium surface growth (22 pages) ...... 061608 M. Constantin, C. Dasgupta, P. Punyindu Chatraphorn, Satya N. Majumdar, and S. Das Sarma Self-assembled nanoparticle deposits formed at the contact line of evaporating micrometer-size droplets (8 pages) ...... 061609 Leonid V. Govor, Günter Reiter, Jürgen Parisi, and Gottfried H. Bauer Modified cellular automaton model for the prediction of dendritic growth with melt convection (12 pages) . . . 061610 M. F. Zhu, S. Y. Lee, and C. P. Hong Boundary lubrication with a glassy interface (18 pages) ...... 061611 Anaël Lemaître and Jean Carlson Onset and manipulation of self-assembled morphology in freely standing polymer trilayer films (11 pages) ...... 061612 Chris A. Murray, Stephen W. Kamp, Jason M. Thomas, and John R. Dutcher Statistical mechanics of fluids adsorbed in planar wedges: Finite contact angle (9 pages) ...... 061613 J. R. Henderson

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PHYSICAL REVIEW E THIRD SERIES, VOLUME 69, NUMBER 6 JUNE 2004

Liquid crystals

Coexistence of polar and nonpolar domains and their photocontrol in the B7 phase of a bent-core liquid crystal containing azo dyes (5 pages) ...... 061701 Heekyung Kim, Tong Kun Lim, Sung Tae Shin, Chong Kwang Lee, Fumito Araoka, Masato Ofuji, Yoichi Takanishi, and Hideo Takezoe Evidence for different polymorphisms with and without an external electric ﬁeld in a series of bent-shaped molecules (9 pages) ...... 061702 J. P. Bedel, J. C. Rouillon, J. P. Marcerou, H. T. Nguyen, and M. F. Achard Potential of mean force between a spherical particle suspended in a nematic liquid crystal and a substrate: Sphere size effects (7 pages) ...... 061703 Evelina B. Kim and Juan J. de Pablo Landau–de Gennes model for nonuniform conﬁgurations in nematic liquid crystalline elastomers (9 pages) ...... 061704 M. Simões and A. de Campos Computer simulation of a liquid-crystal anchoring transition (12 pages) ...... 061705 F. Barmes and D. J. Cleaver First-order isotropic–smectic-A transition in liquid-crystal–aerosil gels (8 pages) ...... 061706 M. K. Ramazanoglu, P. S. Clegg, R. J. Birgeneau, C. W. Garland, M. E. Neubert, and J. M. Kim Surface-induced orientational phase transition in a lyotropic liquid crystal observed by nonlinear optical techniques (5 pages) ...... 061707 I. H. Bechtold, S. L. Gómez, J. J. Bonvent, E. A. Oliveira, J. Hohlfeld, and Th. Rasing Photorefractive effect due to a photoinduced surface-charge modulation in undoped liquid crystals (7 pages) ...... 061708 P. Pagliusi and G. Cipparrone Molecular reorientations in liquid crystals pentyloxybenzylidine hexylanilene (PBHA) and butyloxybenzylidine octylanilene (BBOA) (8 pages) ...... 061709 S. Mitra, K. Venu, I. Tsukushi, S. Ikeda, and R. Mukhopadhyay Theory of chiral periodic mesophases formed from an achiral liquid of bent-core molecules (16 pages) ...... 061710 V. L. Lorman and B. Mettout Relationship between surface order and surface azimuthal anchoring strength of nematic liquid crystals (7 pages) ...... 061711 Shinichiro Oka, Takashi Mitsumoto, Munehiro Kimura, and Tadashi Akahane Bulk inhomogeneous phases of anisotropic particles: A fundamental measure functional study of the restricted orientations model (10 pages) ...... 061712 Yuri Martínez-Ratón Diffusion model of photoaligning in azo-dye layers (10 pages) ...... 061713 Vladimir Chigrinov, Sergey Pikin, Andrey Verevochnikov, Vladimir Kozenkov, Maxim Khazimullin, Jacob Ho, Dan Ding Huang, and Hoi-Sing Kwok Traveling waves in ferroelectric smectic-C liquid crystals (9 pages) ...... 061714 I. W. Stewart and E. Momoniat Tunable photonic defect modes in a cholesteric liquid crystal induced by optical deformation of helix (4 pages) ...... 061715 Tatsunosuke Matsui, Masanori Ozaki, and Katsumi Yoshino

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PHYSICAL REVIEW E THIRD SERIES, VOLUME 69, NUMBER 6 JUNE 2004

Field control of the surface electroclinic effect in chiral smectic-A liquid crystals (6 pages) ...... 061716 Joseph E. Maclennan, David Muller, Ren-Fan Shao, David Coleman, Daniel J. Dyer, David M. Walba, and Noel A. Clark

Polymers Static properties of a simulated supercooled polymer melt: Structure factors, monomer distributions relative to the center of mass, and triple correlation functions (14 pages) ...... 061801 Martin Aichele, Song-Ho Chong, Jörg Baschnagel, and Matthias Fuchs Role of curvature elasticity in sectorization and ripple formation during melt crystallization of polymer single crystals (9 pages) ...... 061802 Rujul Mehta, Wirunya Keawwattana, Andrew L. Guenthner, and Thein Kyu Thermal expansion behavior of ultrathin polymer ﬁlms supported on silicon substrate (6 pages) ...... 061803 Tsukasa Miyazaki, Koji Nishida, and Toshiji Kanaya

Biological physics Extinction dynamics of Lotka-Volterra ecosystems on evolving networks (6 pages) ...... 061901 F. Coppex, M. Droz, and A. Lipowski Combined Monte Carlo and quantum mechanics study of the hydration of the guanine-cytosine base pair (7 pages) ...... 061902 Kaline Coutinho, Valdemir Ludwig, and Sylvio Canuto Diffusion in correlated random potentials, with applications to DNA (11 pages) ...... 061903 Michael Slutsky, Mehran Kardar, and Leonid A. Mirny Replica model for an unusual directed polymer in 1+1 dimensions and prediction of the extremal parameter of gapped sequence alignment statistics (31 pages) ...... 061904 Yi-Kuo Yu Non-Euclidean properties of spike train metric spaces (9 pages) ...... 061905 Dmitriy Aronov and Jonathan D. Victor Soft Listeria: Actin-based propulsion of liquid drops (4 pages) ...... 061906 Hakim Boukellal, Otger Campás, Jean-François Joanny, Jacques Prost, and Cécile Sykes Statistical mechanics of double-helical polymers (5 pages) ...... 061907 Alvise De Col and Tanniemola B. Liverpool Unzipping of DNA with correlated base sequence (16 pages) ...... 061908 A. E. Allahverdyan, Zh. S. Gevorkian, Chin-Kun Hu, and Ming-Chya Wu Host-parasite coevolution and optimal mutation rates for semiconservative quasispecies (7 pages) ...... 061909 Yisroel Brumer and Eugene I. Shakhnovich Hydrodynamic interactions between rotating helices (5 pages) ...... 061910 MunJu Kim and Thomas R. Powers Random walks of molecular motors arising from diffusional encounters with immobilized ﬁlaments (19 pages) ...... 061911 Theo M. Nieuwenhuizen, Stefan Klumpp, and Reinhard Lipowsky Analytical description of ﬁnite size effects for RNA secondary structures (10 pages) ...... 061912 Tsunglin Liu and Ralf Bundschuh

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PHYSICAL REVIEW E THIRD SERIES, VOLUME 69, NUMBER 6 JUNE 2004

Chain persistency in single-stranded DNA (4 pages) ...... 061913 Anirban Sain, Bae-Yeun Ha, Heng-Kwong Tsao, and Jeff Z. Y. Chen Analytical analysis of a vesicle tumbling under a shear flow (10 pages) ...... 061914 F. Rioual, T. Biben, and C. Misbah Measure profile surrogates: A method to validate the performance of epileptic seizure prediction algorithms (9 pages) ...... 061915 Thomas Kreuz, Ralph G. Andrzejak, Florian Mormann, Alexander Kraskov, Harald Stögbauer, Christian E. Elger, Klaus Lehnertz, and Peter Grassberger Semiconservative replication in the quasispecies model (14 pages) ...... 061916 Emmanuel Tannenbaum, Eric J. Deeds, and Eugene I. Shakhnovich Pattern formation and nonlocal logistic growth (6 pages) ...... 061917 Nadav M. Shnerb Transition path sampling study of flip-flop transitions in model lipid bilayer membranes (7 pages) ...... 061918 Jordi Martí and Félix S. Csajka Electrostatic contribution to twist rigidity of DNA (11 pages) ...... 061919 Farshid Mohammad-Rafiee and Ramin Golestanian Effect of chain connectivity on the structure of Lennard-Jones liquid and its implication on statistical potentials for protein folding (8 pages) ...... 061920 W. C. Lu, C. Z. Wang, and K. M. Ho Diffusion of actin filaments within a thin layer between two walls (5 pages) ...... 061921 Guanglai Li and Jay X. Tang Rupture of a liposomal vesicle (8 pages) ...... 061922 Marco A. Idiart and Yan Levin Phase shifts of synchronized oscillators and the systolic-diastolic blood pressure relation (6 pages) ...... 061923 L. Angelini, G. Lattanzi, R. Maestri, D. Marinazzo, G. Nardulli, L. Nitti, M. Pellicoro, G. D. Pinna, and S. Stramaglia Solvent-induced micelle formation in a hydrophobic interaction model (11 pages) ...... 061924 S. Moelbert, B. Normand, and P. De Los Rios

BRIEF REPORTS

Statistical physics of soft matter Non-Markovian rotating unstable processes driven by Gaussian colored noise (4 pages) ...... 062101 J. I. Jiménez-Aquino and M. Romero-Bastida Simple model for nonexponential relaxation in complex dynamics (3 pages) ...... 062102 A. Pérez-Madrid Simple jumping process with memory: Transport equation and diffusion (4 pages) ...... 062103 A. Kamińska and T. Srokowski Rejection properties of stochastic-resonance-based detectors of weak harmonic signals (4 pages) ...... 062104 R. P. Croce, Th. Demma, V. Galdi, V. Pierro, I. M. Pinto, and F. Postiglione Roughness of a tilted anharmonic string at depinning (2 pages) ...... 062105 T. Goodman and S. Teitel

(Continued) CONTENTS - Continued

PHYSICAL REVIEW E THIRD SERIES, VOLUME 69, NUMBER 6 JUNE 2004

Phase separation in model polydisperse ferroﬂuids (4 pages) ...... 062106 Tamás Kristóf, János Liszi, and István Szalai

Equilibrium and linear transport properties of ﬂuids

Hydrodynamic properties of carbon nanotubes (4 pages) ...... 062201 J. H. Walther, T. Werder, R. L. Jaffe, and P. Koumoutsakos

Atomic packing of the inherent structure of simple liquids (4 pages) ...... 062202 H. W. Sheng and E. Ma

Structured and complex ﬂuids

Thermodynamical scaling of the glass transition dynamics (3 pages) ...... 062501 R. Casalini and C. M. Roland

Liquid crystals

Nematic-isotropic phase transition in diblock fused-sphere chain ﬂuids (4 pages) ...... 062701 R. Diplock, D. E. Sullivan, K. M. Jaffer, and S. B. Opps

Dependence of threshold behavior upon surface distribution of polymer chains in a twisted nematic liquid crystal (4 pages) ...... 062702 Jin Seog Gwag, Gi-Dong Lee, Tae-Hoon Yoon, and Jae Chang Kim

Biological physics

Simple swimmer at low Reynolds number: Three linked spheres (4 pages) ...... 062901 Ali Najaﬁ and Ramin Golestanian

COMMENTS

Statistical physics of soft matter

Comment on “Diffusion of epicenters of earthquake aftershocks, Omori’s law, and generalized continuous-time random walk models” (3 pages) ...... 063101 David Marsan and Christopher J. Bean

Reply to “Comment on ‘Diffusion of epicenters of earthquake aftershocks, Omori’s law, and generalized continuous-time random walk models’”(2 pages) ...... 063102 A. Helmstetter and D. Sornette