Water-Quality and Lake-Stage Data for Wisconsin Lakes, Water Year 1996

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report 97-123

Prepared in cooperation with the State of Wisconsin and local agencies

WATER-QUALITY AND LAKE-STAGE DATA FOR WISCONSIN LAKES, WATER YEAR 1996 By Wisconsin District Lake-Studies Team

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report 97-123

A report by the Wisconsin District Lake-Studies Team- J.F. Elder (team leader), H.S. Garn, G.L Goddard, S.B. Marsh, D.L Olson, D.M. Robertson, and W.J. Rose

Prepared in cooperation with THE STATE OF WISCONSIN AND OTHER AGENCIES

Madison, Wisconsin 1997 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Gordon P. Eaton, Director

For additional information write to: Copies of this report can be purchased from:

District Chief U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey Earth Science Information Center 6417 Normandy Lane Open-File Reports Section Madison, Wl 53719 Box25286, MS 517 Denver Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 CONTENTS

Introduction...... 1 Methods of data collection ...... 4 Explanation of physical and chemical characteristics of lakes...... 7 Water temperature and thermal stratification...... 7 Specific conductance...... 8 Water clarity...... 9 pH ...... 9 Dissolved oxygen ...... 10 Phosphorus ...... 10 Nitrogen...... 11 Chlorophyll a ...... 11 Classification of lakes...... 12 References cited...... 14 Lake data ...... 15 Alma near St. Germain, 455426089254700 ...... 17 Balsam near Birchwood, 453907091345800...... 20 Big Hills (Hills) near Wild Rose, 440912089092000 ...... 22 Big Muskego Bass Bay, near Muskego, 425344088070100 ...... 24 near Wind Lake, 425109088075000...... 26 Big St. Germain near Lake Tomahawk, 05390750 ...... 27 near St. Germain, 455557089311000...... 28 Big Sissabagama near Stone Lake, 454724091303600...... 30 Delavan near Delavan, 423706088363400...... 33 at Center near Delavan Lake, 423556088365001 ...... 34 at North End near Lake Lawn, 423659088354401 ...... 37 at SW End near Delavan Lake, 423526088380101 ...... 37 Denoon at Wind Lake, 425044088100300 ...... 38 Devils near Baraboo, 05404500 ...... 40 Druid near Hartford, 431643088243300 ...... 41 Eagle near Kansasville, 05544500 ...... 44 Eagle, at Deep Hole, near Kansasville, 424207088072400 ...... 45 Eagle Spring at Eagleville, 425103088261500 ...... 47 Elizabeth near Twin Lakes, 423051088155300...... 49 Fish near Sauk City, 05406050 ...... 51 Forest near Dundee, 433632088100200...... 52 Fowler, Center, at Oconomowoc, 430653088294601 ...... 54

in CONTENTS-Continued

Green at County Trunk Highway A near Green Lake, 434918088553601 ...... 57 Hemlock near Mikana, 453421091333700 ...... 58 Kirby near Cumberland, 453554092042101 ...... 60 Site 1 near Cumberland, 453608092035801 ...... 61 Site 2 near Cumberland, 453601092035301 ...... 63 Site 3 near Cumberland, 453612092034901 ...... 64 Site 4 near Cumberland, 453603092035701 ...... 65 Site 5 near Cumberland, 453608092041201 ...... 66 Site 6 near Cumberland, 453555092040901 ...... 67 Koshkonong near Newville, 05427235 ...... 68 Little Arbor Vitae near Woodruff, 455446089370300 ...... 69 Little Green, at Center, near Markesan, 434412088590700 ...... 72 Little Muskego at Muskego, 425425088083500 ...... 74 Little Rock near Woodruff, 455946089415702 ...... 76 Little St. Germain near Eagle River, 05390700 ...... 77 Northeast Bay, near St. Germain, 455545089262500 ...... 79 South Bay, near St. Germain, 455437089270800 ...... 80 West Bay, at St. Germain, 455428089282400 ...... 81 Long (Kee Nong Go-Mong) at Wind Lake, 424937088103400...... 82 Mary (Marie) at Twin Lakes, 423128088151200...... 84 Max near Woodruff, 460128089423501 ...... 86 Mendota at Madison, 05428000 ...... 87 Middle Genesse near Oconomowoc, 430309088284800 ...... 88 Monona at Madison, 05429000...... 89 Montello at Montello, 434748089195800 ...... 90 Moon near St. Germain,455504089260500...... 92 Morgan near Fence, 454622088324801 ...... 94 Oconomowoc No. 1 (Center) at Oconomowoc, 430551088273500 ...... 95 No. 2 (off Hewitt Point) at Oconomowoc, 430609088262200...... 97 Okauchee at Okauchee, 430723088252100 ...... 99 No. 1, near Okauchee, 430759088244200...... 101 No. 2, at Okauchee, 430645088264500...... 101 No. 3, at Okauchee, 430642088252400...... 102 No. 4, at Okauchee, 430757088261700...... 102 Potter near Mukwonago, 424905088204000 ...... 103 Powers at Powers Lake, 423246088175800...... 105 Pretty at Deep Hole near Dousman, 425722088295000...... 107

IV CONTENTS-Continued Red Cedar Deep Hole, near Mikana, 453725091345100 ...... 109 South End, near Mikana, 453519091352500 ...... 111 Silver near Oconomowoc, 430436088293300 ...... 113 Silver at West Bend, 432322088125000...... 115 Tichigan near Waterford, 424854088123300 ...... 116 Vandercook near Woodruff, 455909089405602 ...... 118 Waubeesee at Wind Lake, 424857088101500 ...... 119 Whitewater near Whitewater, 424608088414800 ...... 121 Wind at Wind Lake, 424915088083900...... 122 Outlet at Wind Lake, 424848088083100...... 125 Winnebago at Oshkosh, 04082500 ...... 126 near Stockbridge, 04084255...... 127 Wolf near Mt. Calvary, 435152088123100 ...... 128 Wisconsin District publications pertaining to lakes...... 131

FIGURE Figure 1. Map showing location of lake water-quality and lake-stage stations in Wisconsin...... 2

TABLE Table 1. Discontinued lake stations...... 5

WATER-QUALITY AND LAKE-STAGE DATA FOR WISCONSIN LAKES, WATER YEAR 1996 By Wisconsin District Lake-Studies Team

INTRODUCTION

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with local and other agencies, collects data at selected lakes throughout Wisconsin. These data, accumulated over many years, provide a data base for developing an improved understanding of the water quality of lakes. To make these data available to interested parties outside the USGS, the data are published annually in this report series. The location of surface water-quality and lake-stage stations in Wisconsin for water year 1996 are shown in figure 1. A water year is the 12-month period from October 1 through September 30. It is designated by the calendar year in which it ends and which includes 9 of the 12 months. Thus the period October 1, 1995 through September 30, 1996, is called "water year 1996."

The purpose of this report is to provide information about the physical and chemical charac teristics of Wisconsin lakes. Data that have been collected at specific lakes, and information to aid in the interpretation of those data, are included in this report. Data collected includes measurements of lake stage and in-lake water quality. Graphs of Secchi depths, surface total- phosphorus and chlorophyll-a concentrations versus time are included for lakes with two or more years of data. Graphs of vertical profiles of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance are included for sites where these parameters were measured. Descriptive infor mation for each lake includes: location of the lake, drainage area of the lake's watershed, period for which data are available, revisions to previously published records, and pertinent remarks. Additional data, such as streamflow and water quality in tributary and outlet streams of some of the lakes, are published in another volume: "Water Resources Data-Wisconsin, 1996." O N DODGE Dniid WASHINGTON C EXPLANATION m m van Lake name o Lake-stage station Okauchee Lake water-quality Fow er and stage station Oconomowoc Sil KI S r~ * Middle Genesee JEFFERSON Note: at some lakes more WAUKESHA C than 1 site may be monitored m Pre tty m Little Muskego

20____ 40 60 MILES Ea ;le Spring Denoon

Long. , \ *Wind Tichigan Waubeesee WTiitewater Potter O

WALWORTH Eagle RACINE i

Figure 1. Location of lake water-quality and lake-stage stations in Wisconsin. 2 The USGS has done cooperative lake monitoring with local and other agencies since 1983. Cooperators in 1996 included: Alma Lake - Moon Lake, Protection and Rehabilitation District Big Hills Lake Management District Big Muskego Lake District City of Muskego Dane County Department of Public Works Druid Lake Protection and Rehabilitation District Eagle Spring Lake Management District Fowler Lake Management District Green Lake Sanitary District Kirby Lake Management District Little Arbor Vitae Lake Protection and Rehabilitation District Little Green Lake Protection and Rehabilitation District Little Muskego Lake Protection and Rehabilitation District Montello Lake Inland Protection and Rehabilitation District Okauchee Lake Management District Potters Lake Protection and Rehabilitation District Powers Lake Management District Pretty Lake Protection and Rehabilitation District Rock County Public Works Department Silver Lake Protection and Rehabilitation District Town of Auburn Town of Cedar Lake Town of Delavan Town of Kansasville Town of Norway Town of Sand Lake Town of St. Germain Town of Summit Town of Waterford Twin Lakes Protection and Rehabilitation District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Village of Oconomowoc Lake Whitewater Lake Management District Wind Lake Management District Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Wolf Lake Management District Lake data collection sites are identified by a unique identification number. Lake water- quality sites are identified by a 15-digit number that is a concatenation of the site's latitude, longitude, and a two-digit sequence number. The sequence number is used to distinguish between sites located at the same latitude-longitude designation. The site identification number is permanently assigned to the site; actual latitude and longitude of the site are subject to update and are stored separately. For some of the lakes, which have historical records of lake stage, an eight-to-ten digit number is assigned according to downstream order. Gaps are left in the numerical series to allow for new stations; hence, the numbers are not consecutive. The first two digits of the complete eight-to-ten digit number, such as 04087000, 054310157, or 0407809265, designate the major river basin. For example, "04" designates the St. Lawrence River Basin and "05" designates the Upper Mississippi River Basin.

The water-quality lake stations that were discontinued prior to water year 1996 are listed in table 1. Discontinued lake-stage stations are not included in this table.

This report is the culmination of a concerted effort by a number of people who collected, compiled, analyzed, verified, and organized the data, and who typed, edited, and assembled the report. The authors had primary responsibility for assuring that the information contained herein is accurate, complete, and adheres to USGS policy and established guidelines. Technicians-in- charge of the field offices are: T.J. Popowski (Rice Lake), J.W. George (Merrill), and J. Habale (Madison). The data were collected and processed by G.L. Goddard, J.J. Hanig, D.E. Housner, G.L. Kjornes, S.L. McNamara, S.B. Marsh, E.A. Mergener, D.L. Olson, J.G. Schuler, and T.L. Seidel. S.H. Under prepared the location map. P.A. Stark assembled, edited, and formatted the report. Additional assistance in preparation of the report was provided by K.A. Lonsdorf.

METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION

Depth profiles of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance were collected using a multi-parameter meter. Prior to measurements, the meter is calibrated using standards for pH and conductance, and dissolved oxygen is calibrated using the air calibration method.

4 Table 1. Discontinued lake stations

Station name Site identification number Period of record Balsam Lake, off Cedar Island, at Balsam Lake 452755092264600 Feb. 1991 -Aug. 1994 Balsam Lake, off Little Narrows, near Balsam Lake 452858092265300 May 1991 -Aug. 1994 Balsam Lake, off Rock Island, near Balsam Lake 452754092234300 May 1991 -Aug. 1994 Bass Lake near Shawano 445215088300300 Feb. 1990-Aug. 1992 Bear Lake at Deep Hole near Haugen 453754091490900 Mar. 1992-Aug. 1993 Beaver Dam Lake South end at Beaver Dam 432814088515000 June-Oct. 1991 Beaver Dam Lake North end near Beaver Dam 433122088545700 June-Oct. 1991 Big Blacksmith Lake near Keshena 445401088334500 Feb. 1990-Aug. 1992 Big Muskego Lake at North Site near Muskego 425301088061300 Feb.-Aug. 1988 Big Muskego Lake, Research Base, near Muskego 425235088075300 May-nJune 1994 Big Muskego, South Site, near Muskego 425112088072800 Feb. 1988-Aug. 1995 Booth Lake near East Troy 424800088254800 Feb. 1992-Aug. 1994 Fox Lake Deep Hole at Fox Lake 433458088560600 June1991-Mar. 1993 Hooker Lake at Salem 423335088060300 Feb. 1992-Aug. 1993 Lac La Belle Center at Oconomowoc 430733088305900 Feb. 1984-Aug. 1985, Feb.-Sep. 1991 Lac La Belle NW at Oconomowoc 430809088313900 Feb. 1984-Aug. 1985 Lac La Belle SE at Oconomowoc 430707088301400 Feb. 1984-Aug. 1985 Lake Blass at Lake Delton 433545089482400 Mar. 1989-Aug. 1990 Lake Keesus, East Bay, near Merton 4309570088183400 Apr. 1991 Aug. 1995 Lake Keesus, North Bay, near Merton 431006088191000 Apr. 1991 -Aug. 1995 Lake Morris at Mount Morris 440654089120500 Jun. 1983-Sep. 1989 Lake Nebagamon, Northeast Bay, at Lake Nebagamon 463050091412300 May 1992-Aug. 1995 Lake Nebaagmon, Southeast Bay, at Lake Nebagamon 462928091413500 Mar. 1992-Sep. 1995 Lake Nebagamon, West Bay, at Lake Nebagamon 463034091425300 May 1992-Aug. 1995 Lake Noquebay near Crivitz 451511087550900 Feb. 1987-Aug. 1988, Apr. 1991 -Aug. 1994 Lake Noquebay, East end, near Crivitz 451540087525700 Apr. 1991 -Aug. 1994 Lamotte Lake near Shawano 445305088361200 Feb. 1990-Aug. 1992 Lauderdale Lakes at Lauderdale 424554088332700 Oct. 1993-Oct. 1994 Green near Lauderdale 424652088341500 Nov. 1993-Nov. 1994 Middle at Lauderdale 424621088335500 Nov. 1993-Nov. 1994 Mill at Lauderdale 424555088335700 Nov. 1993-Nov. 1994 Legend Lake (site 1) near Shawano 445342088312700 Feb. 1990-Feb. 1992 Loon Lake near Shawano 445009088303700 Feb. 1991-Aug. 1993 Lost Lake near Beaver Dam 432640088580500 June-Oct. 1991 Mead Lake, East Bay near Willard 444720090445000 Apr. 1991-Aug. 1995 Mead Lake, West Bay near Willard 444733090460100 Feb. 1991-Sep. 1995 Moshawquit Lake near Shawano 445352088295800 Feb. 1990-Aug. 1992 Park Lake (site 1) at Pardeeville 433239089175800 Feb. 1986-Aug. 1987, May-Nov. 1993 Park Lake (site 2) at Pardeeville 433226089175500 May-Nov. 1993 Park Lake (site 3) at Pardeeville 433245089173000 May-Nov. 1993 Table 1. Discontinued lake stations

Station name Site identification number Period of record Park Lake (site 4) at Pardeeville 433257089165100 May-Nov. 1993 Rice Lake at Deep Hole near Whitewater 424629088415700 Apr.-Nov. 1991 Round Lake near Shawano 445328088335000 Feb. 1990-Aug. 1992 Sand Lake (Deep Hole) near Keshena 445321088323101 June-Aug. 1992 Sinissippi Lake off Anthony Is. at Hustisford 432113088361100 Feb. 1991-Aug. 1993 Sinissippi Lake off Butternut Is. near Hustisford 432240088363900 Apr. 1991-Aug. 1993 Sinissippi Lake off Sam Point near Hustisford 432300088374200 Apr. 1991-Aug. 1993 Spirit Lake near Keshena 445400088320100 Apr.-Aug. 1992 Stewart Lake at Mt. Horeb 430117089442701 May1992-Sep. 1993 Upper Nemahbin Lake, Center, near Delafield 430400088254900 June 1993-Aug. 1995 Upper Nemahbin Lake, South Site, near Delafield 430339088254800 June 1993-Aug. 1995 Upper Nemahbin Lake Outlet near Delafield 430334088255400 June 1993-Aug. 1995 Watosah-skice Lake near Keshena 445330088361400 Feb. 1990-Aug. 1992 Whitewater Lake off Heart Prairie near Whitewater 424533088420100 Apr.-Nov. 1991 Whitewater Lake near Whitewater 424608088414800 Apr.-Oct. 1991 Whitewater Lake North Bay near Whitewater 424625088405500 Apr.-Nov. 1991 Whitewater Lake South Bay near Whitewater 424501088422300 Apr.-Nov. 1991 In most lakes, water samples were collected at two depths - near the surface and near the bottom. Chemical analyses of water samples were performed using standard analytical methods by either the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory (Wershaw and others, 1987; Fishman and Friedman, 1989; Fishman, 1993) or the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene (Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, 1993). Analyses for dissolved constituents are performed on samples that were filtered in the field through a 0.45-|im (micrometer) pore-size filter. Total or total recov erable constituents are determined by analyzing unfiltered water samples. Preservation and shipment of samples follows standard protocols established by the laboratories.

Field measurement of vertical profiles of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance was done using a multi-parameter meter. Generally, measurements were made at intervals of about one-tenth of total depth or at a minimum interval of one foot.

Records of lake stage are considered complete when one or more manual or automatic measurements are obtained per day. Partial records of lake stage result when measurements are less frequent than daily. A complete description of manual or automatic measurements of lake stage are described by Rantz and others (1982).

EXPLANATION OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS

OF LAKES

Following are brief, generalized explanations of some of the common measurements of water quality and some of the physical processes occurring in lakes that influence these measures of water quality. More detailed explanations of water-quality data and lake processes are given by Wetzel (1983), Hem (1985), and Shaw and others (1993).

Water Temperature and Thermal Stratification

Water temperature in lakes is important because of its role in stratification and because of the temperature dependence of many chemical reactions and life processes of aquatic organisms. The interaction between meteorological conditions, lake shape, and water clarity are the primary factors which determine the temperature distribution in lakes. The extent of thermal stratification in lakes depends on solar heating, water clarity, and wind-driven mixing. Complete mixing of the lake is usually restricted by thermal stratification in summer and by ice cover in winter. Thermal stratification affects lake-water quality and the distribution of organisms in the lake. Summer thermal stratification can occur in any lake, but in Wisconsin it commonly occurs in lakes deeper than about 20 ft (Shaw and others, 1993). The density of water increases with decreasing temperature down to a temperature of 4 °C, then decreases with decreasing temperature between 4°C and the freezing point of water (0°C). For a brief period in the spring after the ice is out, water temperature is uniform through the entire water column and wind action causes the lake to mix completely. This process is known as "spring turnover." As the lake absorbs the sun's energy, the surface water becomes warmer and its density decreases, making it more resistant to complete mixing. The difference in density caused by different water temperatures can prevent warm and cold water from mixing. In most lakes, therefore, a density "barrier" forms between the warmer surface water and the underlying colder water. This barrier is often marked by a sharp temperature gradient known as the "thermocline." During the stratified summer period, three distinct layers of lake water are present. The upper warm layer is known as the "epilimnion" and the cold lower layer is known as the "hypolimnion." The transition layer between the epilimnion and the hypolimnion has a steep temperature gradient (greatest temperature change per foot of depth), and is known as the "thermocline" or "metalimnion." As the temperature difference between surface and deep water increases, this "stratified" condition stabilizes and can persist until surface temperatures decrease in the fall, which decreases the stability of the stratification. The mixing of the lake water in the fall is known as "fall turnover."

Thermal stratification may also occur under ice cover in the winter. In the winter, the coldest water (near 0°C) under the ice at the surface of the lake is less dense than water deeper in the lake with a temperature near 4°C.

Specific Conductance

Specific conductance is a measure of the ability of water to conduct an electrical current and is an indicator of the concentration of dissolved solids in the water. Because conductance is temperature related, reported values are normalized at 25°C and are termed specific conduc tance. As the concentration of dissolved minerals increases, specific conductance increases. During winter and summer thermal stratification, concentrations of dissolved constituents near the lake bottom increase due to the decomposition of materials settling from the epilimnion, or release of dissolved materials (such as iron, manganese, and phosphorus) from the bottom sediments during anoxic periods. Therefore, differences in specific conductance with depth indicate differences in concentrations of dissolved solids. Water Clarity

Water clarity, or transparency, is commonly measured using a Secchi disc. The range of depths within which photosynthetic activity occurs depends largely on depth of light penetration, which is influenced by water clarity. A Secchi disc, most commonly an 8-in. -diameter disc with alternating black-and-white quadrants, is lowered to a depth at which it is no longer visible. This depth is referred to as the Secchi depth. Clarity can be reduced by algae and zooplankton, water color, and suspended sediment. Algae are often the most dominant influence on clarity in most lakes and, therefore, Secchi depth is usually correlated with the algal abundance. Secchi depth is generally the least during late summer when algal populations are largest.

The pH is a measure of the acidity of the water. It is defined as the negative logarithm of hydrogen-ion concentration and varies over a 14-unit log scale, with a pH of 7 being neutral. Values less than 7 indicate acidic conditions; the lower the value, the stronger the acidity. Values greater than 7 indicate alkaline conditions. The pH of water is influenced in part by photosyn thesis and respiration of planktonic algae and aquatic plants. It is important because it affects the solubility of many chemical constituents, and because aquatic organisms have limited pH toler ances. Planktonic algae and aquatic plants produce oxygen and consume carbon dioxide as they photosynthesize during daytime; they consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide when they respire at night. Carbon dioxide combines with the water molecule to form carbonic acid; therefore respiration causes a decrease in pH at night and photosynthesis causes an increase in pH in the day time. The result is a daily cycle of pH. Because phytoplankton are usually concen trated in the near-surface water, changes in pH in the epilimnion are more extreme than in the hypolimnion, where less photosynthesis usually occurs.

Values of pH greater than 8.5 have been shown to cause the release of phosphorus from lake sediments (James and Barko, 1991). As pH increases above 8.5 the release rate of phosphorus also increases. Lakes having good fish populations and productivity generally have a pH between 6.7 and 8.2. Dissolved Oxygen

Dissolved oxygen is one of the most critical factors affecting a lake ecosystem because it is essential to most aquatic organisms, and it is involved in many chemical reactions. Very low dissolved oxygen concentrations can control chemical reactions that require oxygen. The solubility of oxygen in water is inversely related to temperature-that is, oxygen solubility decreases as water temperature increases. This relation is important because at warmer temper atures the metabolic rate of organisms increases but less oxygen is available for respiration. The primary sources of dissolved oxygen are from the air and from photosynthesis. The minimum dissolved-oxygen concentration specified in national water-quality criteria for warmwater aquatic life is 5.0 mg/L (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1986).

In early summer, if thermal stratification develops, the metalimnion restricts the surface supply of dissolved oxygen to the hypolimnion. The hypolimnion can become isolated from the atmosphere. Thus, as summer progresses, the dissolved-oxygen concentration can decrease in response to decomposition of dead algae that settle from the epilimnion and in response to the biological and chemical oxygen demand of the sediments. The oxygen demand from these processes may completely deplete the oxygen (anoxia) in the water near the lake bottom. The oxygen depletion then progresses upward but usually is confined to the hypolimnion.

Anoxia in the hypolimnion is common in stratified eutrophic (nutrient-rich) lakes in Wisconsin. During anoxic conditions, many aquatic organisms cannot survive, but many other species (primarily bacteria) actually function only in such conditions. Therefore, a shift from oxic to anoxic conditions produces a rapid and dramatic change in the biological community and chemical environment. Anoxia also can cause release of phosphorus from the bottom sediments. This phosphorus then mixes throughout the water column during spring and fall turnover.

Phosphorus

Phosphorus is one of the essential nutrients for plant growth. High phosphorus concentra tions can cause dense algal populations (blooms) and can therefore be a major cause of eutrophication in lakes. In many regions of the country, other nutrients, particularly nitrogen, tend to be in abundant supply. Phosphorus is often the nutrient in shortest supply, therefore limiting or controlling plant growth. About 90 percent of the lakes in Wisconsin are limited by phosphorus (Shaw and others, 1993). In water, dissolved orthophosphate is that part of total phosphorus that is most readily available for use by algae.

10 Internal phosphorus recycling occurs in many lakes. Phosphorus used by algae, aquatic plants, fish, and zooplankton is stored within these organisms. As these organisms die and decompose, this phosphorus is returned to the lake water and sediments. Anoxia in the hypolimnion makes phosphorus more soluble, adding further to the release of phosphorus from the falling particles and the lake sediments. During spring and fall turnover the phosphorus, which was released from the bottom sediments into the hypolimnion during anoxia, is mixed throughout the lake. The phosphorus is then available for algal growth. These phenomena are part of the internal-recycling processes of lakes.

Nitrogen

Nitrogen, like phosphorus, is an essential nutrient for plant and algal growth. Usually, nitrogen is in abundant supply from the atmosphere and other sources. If phosphorus is abundant relative to algal needs, nitrogen can become the limiting nutrient. In that case, algal blooms are more likely to be triggered by increases in nitrogen than by increases in phosphorus. Some bluegreen algal species can fix nitrogen from the atmosphere (Wetzel, 1983). Therefore, in situations where other types of algae are excluded because of a shortage of nitrogen, the nitrogen-fixing bluegreen algae have a competitive advantage and may be present in abundance.

Lakes with a total nitrogen to total phosphorus ratio larger than 15 to 1 near the surface may generally be considered phosphorus limited; a ratio from 10 to 1 to 15 to 1 indicates a transition situation; and a ratio smaller than 10 to 1 generally indicates nitrogen limitation (Lillie and Mason, 1983). Total nitrogen is the sum of ammonia and organic nitrogen, and nitrate and nitrite nitrogen. The near-surface concentration is used to compute the total nitrogen to phosphorus ratio because most algal species grow near the lake surface.

Chlorophyll a

Chlorophyll a is a photosynthetic pigment found in algae (Wetzel, 1983). Its concentration, therefore, is commonly used as a measure of the density of the algal population in a lake. Chloro phyll a concentrations are generally highest when algal populations are highest, usually during summer. Moderate populations of desirable algae are important in the food chain; however, excessive populations or algal blooms are undesirable. Algal blooms can cause taste and odor problems, and limit light penetration needed to support growth of submerged aquatic plants. Certain species of bluegreen algae can produce toxins (Rapavich and others, 1987).

11 CLASSIFICATION OF LAKES

Two methods are commonly used to classify Wisconsin lakes according to their water quality or trophic state: Lillie and Mason's (1983) water-quality index and a modification of Carlson's (1977) Trophic State Index (TSI) are commonly used. Both methods evaluate in-lake conditions. Three water-quality measures are used in these classification systems: near-surface concentrations of total phosphorus and chlorophyll a, and water clarity as indicated by the Secchi depth.

Lillie and Mason's (1983) water-quality index of Wisconsin lakes used random summer measurements of total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depth as shown below:

Approximate total Approximate Approximate water clarity Water-quality phosphorus range chlorophyll a range range index (mg/L) fog/L) (Secchi depth, in meters)

Excellent <0.001 <1 >6.0

Very good .001-010 1-5 3.0-6.0

Good .010-030 5-10 2.0-3.0

Fair .030-.050 10-15 1 .5-2.0

Poor .050-. 150 15-30 1 .0-1 .5

Very poor >.150 >30 <1.0

Three trophic conditions are generally used to describe the wide range of lake water-quality conditions. Oligotrophic lakes are typically clear, algal populations and phosphorus concentrations are low, and the deepest water is likely to contain oxygen throughout the year. Mesotrophic lakes typically have a moderate supply of nutrients, experience moderate algal blooms, and have occasional oxygen depletions at depth. Eutrophic lakes are nutrient rich with relatively severe water- quality problems, such as frequent seasonal algal blooms, oxygen depletion in lower parts of the lakes, and poor clarity. When eutrophic conditions are very severe, the lake is considered hyper- eutrophic.

12 The WDNR modified the lakes classification scheme developed by Carlson (1977) to apply specifically to Wisconsin lakes. The WDNR system (Lillie and others, 1993) uses surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depth for ice-free periods to calculate values for Trophic State Indexes. The WDNR has adopted the following TSI ranges to classify Wisconsin lakes: indexes of less than 40 define oligotrophic conditions, 40 to 50 define mesotrophic conditions, greater than 50 to 70 define eutrophic conditions, and greater than 70 define hyper- eutrophic conditions (Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, 1992, p. 52-53). These ranges are used to make relative comparisons in all Wisconsin lake trophic-state evaluations by the WDNR and others.

The TSI for a lake can be calculated using the following equations (Lillie and others, 1993):

TSISecchi = 60 - 33-2 (Io9io Secchi depth) TS'chiorophyii a = 34-82 + C17-41 (Io9io chlorophyll a concentration)) phosphorus = 28.24 + (17.81 (Iog10 total phosphorus concentration))

where: Secchi depth is in meters, chlorophyll a is in micrograms per liter, and total phosphorus is in micrograms per liter.

The three trophic conditions are defined with the following boundaries for total phosphorus, Secchi disc, and chlorophyll a:

Trophic Trophic State Total phosphorus Secchi disc Chlorophyll a Level Index (W3/L) (m) (l^tg/L)

Eutrophic -..._ ____...... __.. so ...... 17...... 2.0 - - -7.5 Mesotrophic ...... 40 ...... ______4... _-___.-_-- .-- 4.0 -- - -- 2.0 Oligotrophic

13 REFERENCES CITED

Carlson, R.E., 1977, A trophic state index for lakes: Limnology and Oceanography, March, v. 22, no. 2, p. 361-369.

Fishman, M.J., ed., 1993, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of inorganic and organic constituents in water and fluvial sediments: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-125, 217 p.

Fishman, M.J., and Friedman, L.C., eds., 1989, Methods for determination of inorganic substances in water and fluvial sediments (3d ed.): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water- Resources Investigations, book 5, chap. A1, 545 p.

Hem, J.D., 1985, Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural water (3rd ed.): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2254, 263 p.

James, W.F., and Barko, J.W., 1991, Littoral-pelagic phosphorus dynamics during nighttime convec- tive circulation: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 36, no. 5, p. 946-960.

Lillie, R.A., Graham, S., and Rasmussen, P., 1993, Trophic-State Index equations and regional pre dictive equations for Wisconsin lakes: Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Research Management Findings No. 35, 4 p.

Lillie, R.A., and Mason, J.W., 1983, Limnological characteristics of Wisconsin lakes: Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Technical Bulletin No. 138,116 p.

Rantz, S.E., and others, 1982, Measurement and computation of streamflow: U.S. Geological Sur vey Water-Supply Paper 2175, 631 p.

Rapavich, W.M., Sonzogni, W.C., Standridge, J.H., Vennie J.G., and Wedepohl, R.E., 1987, Inci dence of algal toxins in Wisconsin water experiencing blue-green algae blooms: Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene and Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Informational Paper, 8 p.

Shaw, B., Mechenich, C., and Klessig, L., 1993, Understanding Lake Data: G3582: University of Wisconsin Extension, Madison, Wis., 19 p.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1986, Quality Criteria for Water 1986: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency publication, EPA 440/5-86-001 [variously paged].

Wershaw, R.L, Fishman, M.J., Grabbe, R.R., and Lowe, L.E., eds., 1987, Methods for the determi nation of organic substances in water and fluvial sediments: U.S. Geological Survey Tech niques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 5, chap. A3, 80 p.

Wetzel, R.G., 1983, Limnology (2d ed.): New York, 767 p.

Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, 1992, Wisconsin water quality assessment-Report to Congress, 1992: Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Publ-WR254-92-REV, 220 p.

Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Environmental Sciences Section, 1993, Manual of analytical methods, inorganic chemistry unit: Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, revised November 1993 [variously paged]. 14 LAKE DATA

455426089254700 ALMA LAKE NEAR ST. GERMAIN, WI LOCATION.--Lat 45°54'26", long 89°25'47", in NE 1/4 sec.36, T.40 N., R.8 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001, 3 mi east of St. Germain. LAKE-STAGE RECORDS PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1984 to September 1990, May 1992 to current year. GAGE. Staff gage read by Douglas Pagel. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 12.35 ft, Apr. 11, 12, 1986; minimum observed, 8.98 ft, Oct. 26, 27,1989. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum gage height observed, 11.82 ft, Aug. 14; minimum observed, 10.81 ft, Oct. 8.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES DAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP

2 ______3 11.59 4 5 11.51 11.81

6 7 8 10.81 11.53 9 10 11.79

11 10.99 12 13 14 11.47 11.82 15 11.53

16 17 11.79 18 19 20 11.47 11.63 21 22 23 11.57 24 25

26 27 11.56 28 11.57 29 11.49 30 31

17 455426089254700 ALMA LAKE NEAR ST. GERMAIN, WI--CONTINUED WATER-QUALITY RECORDS PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1984 to September 1990 secchi depth only; February 1992 to current year. REMARKS.--Lake sampled near center of southern lobe of lake at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during March measurements. Water- quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. WATER-QUALITY DATA, MARCH 11 TO AUGUST 14, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Mar. 11 May 15 June 27 July 23 Aug . 14 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 18 1 .5 18 1.5 18 1.5 18 1.5 18 Lake stage (ft) - 11.,53 11. 56 11.57 11. 82 Specific conductance (US/cm) 32 30 21 21 23 24 23 25 22 24 pH (units) 6.1 5.9 5 .6 5 .6 6.4 5.7 6.6 5.4 6.5 5.4 Water temperature (°C) 1.0 4.5 7. 0 6 .5 20.5 13.0 22.5 17.5 23.0 19.5 Color (Pt-Co. scale) 15 10 ______Turbidity (NTU) 0 .60 0 .60 ______Secchi-depth (meters) - 3..6 4. 1 3.5 3. 4 Dissolved oxygen 7.7 1.0 7 .9 6 .5 9.3 9.3 8.5 4.3 8.3 2.2 Hardness, as CaC03 7 7 ______Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ 1 .9 1 .7 ______Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) 0 .6 0 .6 ______Sodium, dissolved (Na) 0 .6 0 .6 ______Potassium, dissolved (K) 0 .4 0 .4 ______Alkalinity, as CaC03 16 6 ______Sulfate, dissolved (S04) 2 .0 3 .0 ___ Chloride, dissolved (Cl) 0 .5 0 .7 ______Fluoride, dissolved (F) <0 .1 <0 .1 ______Silica, dissolved (Si02) ___ 0 .3 0 .3 ______Solids, dissolved, at 180°C 26 28 --- Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) 0 .07 0 .12 ______--- Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved(as N) ___ 0 .12 0 .13 ______Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) 0 .48 0 .47 --- ______Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as 0 .60 0 .60 ______Nitrogen, total (as N) ___ 0 .67 0 .72 ______Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .017 0 .025 0.011 0.018 0.009 0.035 0.010 0.028 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)-->) ___ <0 .002 <0 .002 ___ --- ______Iron, dissolved (Fe) (ig/L 90 70 ______Manganese, dissolved (Mn) Lig/L 40 35 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton(Lig/L) 3 .6 - 4.5 3.0 3.4 3-11-96 5-15-96 6-27-96 7-23-96 8-14-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 ,,,,,_ ,,.,,_ u - ' u - , u - u -

D.O. 5 - - 5 - - 5 - - 5 - - Lil ~ 10 10 - - 10 - j - 10 - - 10 - -

O. Lil Q 15 15 - - 15 - - 15 15 \)

20 on on 20 20 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 ) 10 20 30 (3 10 20 3 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 45678 45678 A 5 678 i\ 5 6 7 8 45678 u 0 0 . _

5 - 5 - i - 5 - J - 5 - - 5 - LLI S.C. "10 - 10 - - 10 - / - 10 - - 10 -

CL LLI PH Q 15 h 15 - - 15 - - 15 - 15 - \ J

20 on£\J " 1 """ " i i on£VJ ' -^ ^yon 20f^j 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

18 0.018

O Q- 0.014 O m

5520.012

INMIL PHOSTOTAL pc

i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

For 5 < HI

£g gs 3- o " 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i 1*1 i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i * 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Alma Lake near St. Germain, Wisconsin.

19 453907091345800 BALSAM LAKE NEAR BIRCHWOOD, WI LOCATION.--Lat 45°39'07", long 91°34'58") in NE 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.34, T.37 N., R.IO W., Washburn County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, 1.2 mi southwest of Birchwood. PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1993 to August 1994 and March to September 1996. REMARKS. Lake sampled near southern end of Balsam Lake at a lake depth of about 43 ft. Lake ice-covered during March sampling. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MARCH 13 TO AUGUST 21, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Mar. 13 May 09 June 25 July 23 Aug. 21 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 43 1.5 40 1.5 44 1.5 42 1.5 40 Lake stage (ft) 10.05 10.69 10.65 10.84 10.70 Specific conductance ((iS/cm) 149 309 154 178 137 199 136 206 140 199 pH (units) 7.3 7.2 8.0 7.5 8.3 7.0 8.8 6.9 8.6 6.9 Water temperature (°C) 1.0 5.0 12.0 5.5 20.0 6.5 23.5 7.0 24.0 7.5 Secchi-depth (meters) ___ 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.9 Dissolved oxygen 11.7 0.0 12.5 0.8 10.7 0.0 10.7 0.1 9.9 0.1 Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0.030 0.120 0.018 0.339 0.020 0.425 0.016 0.445 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (ng/L).) - 12 11 11 6.5

3-13-96 5-9-96 6-25-96 7-23-96 8-21-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER n() 10 20 () 10 2 ) 10 2 10 20 0 C) 10 2 0 _,,,_,,,,,,_ 0 0n ( 0 0o C 0 1 ; : / : .s^ W.T.; \ D.O. - ; I ' - ID 10 10 10 10 10 / : LU ' x / = -^/] \s/ / ~- / -" - Z20 20 r y -i 20 U 20 20 / ~- i CL 30 -^ 30 30 : 30 -j 30 LU 1 ~ O K - 40 40 40 40 40 " r i - AT 1 , , 1 , , , , 1 , , , ,- A7 A7 A.7 A.7 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 10 6 7 8 9 10 67 8 9 10 67 8 9 10 6 7 8 9 10 0 0 0 Si 10 LU U. Z 20

_ 30 LU O 40

47 100 200 300 400 100 200 300 400 100 200 300 400 100 200 300 400 100 200 300 400 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

20 0.04

o a: 0.03 z LU Qo-

T .j 85 d 0.02

0.01 JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASOND 1993 1994 1995 1996

14 z" Pa: 12 < iii O:H h-I] m£ 10 o£ O w °I 8

JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND 1993 1994 1995 1996

$2 a. iii o T O OQJ °q 05

JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND 1993 1994 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Balsam Lake near Birchwood, Wisconsin.

21 440912089092000 BIG HILLS (HILLS) LAKE NEAR WILD ROSE, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 44°09'12", long 89009'20", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec. 2, T.19 N., R.ll E, Waushara County, Hydrologic Unit 04030202, 4.6 mi southeast of Wild Rose. DRAINAGE AREA.-0.78 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.--June 1983 to August 1984, February to August 1987, February to August 1990, February to August 1993, and February to August 1996. REMARKS. Lake sampled at east end at deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February sampling. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 13 TO AUGUST 23,1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 13 May 08 June 21 July 26 Aug . 23

Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 21 1 .5 20 1.5 21 1.5 20 1.5 20 Lake stage (ft) Specific conductance (jiS/cm) 235 246 218 216 216 228 219 217 223 230 pH (units) 7.0 7.4 8 .4 8 .4 8.3 7.5 8.2 8.2 8.1 7.2 Water temperature ( C) 4.0 4.5 11..5 10 .5 21.5 17.0 23.5 23.5 25.0 24.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) 10 5 ______--- Turbidity (NTU) 0 .70 1 .00 ______Secchi-depth (meters) -- - 3 .2 4. 3 2 .3 3 .1 Dissolved oxygen 8.0 6.6 12 .2 11 .8 9.8 2.8 9.2 8.4 8.7 3.3 Hardness, as CaC03 110 110 ______--- Calcium, dissolved (Ca) 24 24 --- ___ Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) 12 13 ______Sodium, dissolved (Na) ___ 1 .8 1 .7 ______Alkalinity, as CaC03 100 100 --- ___ Sulfate, dissolved (S04) 8 .0 8 .0 --- Chloride, dissolved (CD 5 .2 5 .1 ___ Fluoride, dissolved (F) <0 .1 <0 .1 --- ___ --- Silica, dissolved (Si02) --- 0 .0 0 .0 ______--- Solids, dissolved, at 180°C 132 130 ______------Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) 0 .29 0 .27 ______Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)I) - <0 .03 <0 .03 ------Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ___ 0 .40 0 .60 ______--- Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)I) 0 .40 0 .60 --- Nitrogen, total (as N) ______0 .68 0 .87 ______--- ___ Phosphorus, total (as P) 0 .017 0 .023 0.013 0.058 0.014 0.019 0.011 0.02 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)>) <0 .002 <0 .002 - ___ --- ______Iron, dissolved (Fe) \ig/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) \ig/L ______0 .4 <0 .4 ___ Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L),) ___ 5 .4 - -- 3.7 ___ 4.3 4.6 ___ 2-13-96 5-8-96 6-21-96 7-26-96 8-23-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 20 10 20 10 20 U u . . i i | u U U : '-

h- 5 5 _ 5 5 - 5 - LU U. ] : W.T. D.O. : ~7 -_ - -_ 01C 10 -_ 10 10 DEPTH,1 10 7

'- '- '- -_ 15 -_ 15 15 -_ 15 ^- -_

'- '- 20 ~ 20 20 \S 20 20 i , i 1 i i i" 99 oo i , , i~ 00 ,,!,,,,' 99 "i i i i 1 i i , i 1 i i i i" 99 "i i i i I i 10 20 30 10 20 30 "0 10 20 30 "0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 89 10 89 10 89 10 89 10 8 9 10 u ' u u ' ' ' u _ . 1

'- ~- ID 5 i- \ - 5 - -_ 5 - 5 -_ 5 - -_ LU U. '- '- -m C01 10 10 -_ 10 10 j DEPTH,1 - s.c. PH - 7

'7 '- -j -_ -j -_ - 7 15 7 15 : - 15 15

20 -_ 20 - -_ 20 L / _ 20 - - 20 L sC 99 oo 00 i i 99 I i 99 i i '100 200 300 400 00 200 300 400 00 200 300 400 100 200 300 400 "TOO 200 300 400 - SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICRO-SIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

22 z o ' \ ' -

1 jjj 0.03 |- -:

§£ \ - INMILLIGRAMSF TOTALPHOSPHORUSC o b 3l\3-

i-' . o vmm V ^* J' ! % I

1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

O PCC

2 JJR ££ 0.0

1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

1 1 II.

CO o OC 2 LLJ : . 9 -. LLJ ? 3 " *": et 4

O * - o W 5 "

6 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Big Hills Lake, near Wild Rose, Wisconsin. (Circles indicate laboratory detection limit for selected analyses. Actual concentrations for these particular analyses are less than the plotted circles.)

23 425344088070100 BIG MUSKEGO LAKE, BASS BAY, NEAR MUSKEGO, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42°53'44", long 88"07'01", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec. 15, T.5 N., R.20 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, 1.3 mi southeast of Muskego. PERIOD OF RECORD.--February 1988 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near center of lake at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Lake stages not recorded due to drainage of south site. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 06 TO AUGUST 20, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 06 May 07 June 20 July 29 Aug. 2 0 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 23 1 .5 20 1.5 22 1.5 21 1.5 21 Lake stage (ft) Specific conductance (US/cm) 586 741 569 574 510 632 568 589 551 564 pH (units) 8.5 7.5 8 .6 8 .5 8.8 7.7 8.2 7.4 8.3 7.7 Water temperature (°C) 0.5 4.0 11. 0 10 .5 22.0 15.5 23.0 22.0 25.0 24.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ___ 30 40 ______Turbidity (NTU) 8 .9 15 ___ __.. ______Secchi-depth (meters) 0 .6 0 .5 0. 8 0. 7 Dissolved oxygen 17.1 0.8 11 .6 9 .0 16.2 0.5 6.9 0.5 8.2 2.3 Hardness, as CaCO3 ___ 250 250 ______Calcium, dissolved (Ca) 49 49 ______Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) 31 31 ______Sodium, dissolved (Na) 22 22 ______Alkalinity, as CaCOS ___ 200 200 ___ Sulfate, dissolved (SO4) 39 38 ______--- Chloride, dissolved (Cl) ___ 49 49 ___ Fluoride, dissolved (F) 0 .2 0 .2 ______Silica, dissolved (SiO2) --- 2 .2 2 .4 ______--- Solids, dissolved, at 180 C 350 346 ______Nitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N) --- 0 .33 0 .33 ___ --- ______Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)0 0 .12 0 .21 ______Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) --- 1 .9 2 .2 ______Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)0 2 .0 2 .4 ______Nitrogen, total (as N) ______2 .3 2 .7 ______Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .130 0 .157 0.104 0.088 0.066 0.085 0.075 0.082 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as 0 .002 0 .003 Iron, dissolved (Fe) (ig/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) |lg/L ______0,.5 2 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L),) 89 - -- 120 50 62 ___

2-6-96 5-7-96 6-20-96 7-29-96 8-20-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 .0 10 20 .0 10 20 0 10 20 0

10 20 30 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10

Z 10 I

23 500 600 700 800 500 600 700 800 500 600 700 800 500 600 700 800 500 600 700 800 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

24 0.20

CC DC zTO-15 "J^

°co §20.10

0.05

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

<£UU in,,,,,,,, ,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,, ,,|,,, ,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,, z" O Sffi |b150 z Q- «< 10° : . - >o £g §2 50 - * - O * «b» * 0 ",.,.,.,,,,. ,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,", ft,,, ,,,,*,,,,, MM, TT,,, MM,,,,,,, M,,,?,,,,, ,,,,*-,,,, MM,,,,,,," 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

CO £1

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Big Muskego Lake, Bass Bay, near Muskego, Wisconsin.

25 425109088075000 BIG MUSKEGO LAKE NEAR WIND LAKE, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 42°51'09", long 88°07'50", in SE 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.33, T.5 N., R.20 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, on left bank 8 ft upstream of dam outlet of Muskego Lake, 700 ft north of Muskego Dam Drive, 2 mi northeast of Wind Lake. DRAINAGE AREA.--28.3 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.--October 1987 to September 1989, January 1991 to current year. GAGE. Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 760.00 ft above sea level. October to December 1987 and January 1991 to September 1995, nonrecording gage at the same datum. December 1987 through September 1989, data collected using water-stage recorder at the same datum. REMARKS.--Lake levels regulated by concrete dam with one 5-ft lift gate. Drawdown of lake for rehabilitation project started Sept. 14, 1995, and continued throughout the 1996 water year. Lake levels from mid-December to Sept. 30 affected by intermittent pumping. Lake levels after July 11 were less than 8.72 ft. Prior to October 1993, published as Muskego Lake Outlet near Wind Lake, WI. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum observed gage height, 12.60 ft, Oct. 7, 1991 and Aug. 8, 1994; minimum instanta neous, less than 8.72 ft, July 12 to Sept. 30, 1996, due to drawdown of lake. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum observed gage-height, 11.31 ft, Oct. 8; minimum instantaneous, less than 8.72 ft, July 12 to Sept. 30, due to drawdown of lake.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996

DAILY MEAN VALUES

DAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP

1 10.83 10.69 8.63 8.90 8.73 9.68 2 10.93 10.70 9.92 8.73 8.81 8.79 9.68 3 10.96 10.59 9.16 8.84 8.81 9.63 4 10.99 10.68 8.78 9.31 8.83 9.01 9.47 5 11.10 10.64 8.63 8.70 9.10 9.37

6 11.18 10.58 8.59 8.76 9.28 9.25 7 11.25 10.61 9.88 8.58 8.63 9.59 9.15 8 11.29 10.52 8.80 8.63 9.49 8.94 9 11.28 10.47 9.06 8.66 9.46 8.90 10 11.26 10.56 - 8.71 9.17 9.40 8.72

11 11.21 10.71 8.83 9.25 9.41 8.72 12 11.20 10.65 8.94 8.92 9.30 13 11.13 10.64 8.72 8.87 9.19 14 11.10 10.61 - 9.58 8.81 8.87 9.19 --- - 15 11.11 10.55 9.69 --- 8.99 8.98 9.08 -

16 11.07 10.51 9.08 9.09 9.04 17 10.94 10.46 9.03 9.11 9.35 18 11.03 10.42 8.91 9.00 9.87 19 10.95 10.41 9.04 8.91 10.12 20 10.96 10.38 9.08 9.25 10.23

21 10.92 10.39 9.22 9.33 10.25 22 10.89 10.33 9.35 9.19 10.31 23 10.80 10.29 9.32 9.54 10.26 24 10.69 10.25 9.00 8.83 9.59 10.22 25 10.77 10.21 8.75 9.25 10.12

26 10.78 10.18 8.89 9.24 10.03 27 10.78 10.36 8.66 9.03 9.96 28 10.81 10.15 --- 9.60 8.66 8.80 9.00 9.84 ------29 10.77 9.24 9.39 8.95 9.61 30 10.75 8.80 8.74 9.76 31 10.72 ------8.68 ------

MEAN 10.98 - --- 8.92 8.99 9.56 - --- MAX 11.29 9.39 9.59 10.31 --- MIN 10.69 ------8.58 8.63 8.73 -

26 05390750 BIG ST. GERMAIN LAKE NEAR LAKE TOMAHAWK, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 45°55'00", long 89°31 '55" in NE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.30, T.40 N., R.8 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001, at dam outlet, 7.7 mi northeast of Lake Tomahawk. DRAINAGE AREA.--73.1 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1991 to current year. Lake stages for previous years were recorded by Wisconsin Valley Improvement Company. GAGE.-Nonrecording gage. Datum of gage is 1,580 ft, above sea level. COOPERATION.-Lake stages provided by Wisconsin Valley Improvement Company. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 10.94 ft, Oct. 6, 1995; minimum observed, 8.16 ft, Jan. 26, 1996. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum gage height observed, 10.94 ft, Oct. 6; minimum observed, 8.16 ft, Jan. 26.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES DAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP

1 10.80 10.76 9.80 9.02 9.02 9.76 10.48 10.52 10.58 10.50 2 10.80 10.76 9.02 9.00 9.80 10.52 10.60 10.58 10.48 3 10.78 10.76 9.82 10.56 10.56 10.58 10.48 4 10.80 10.76 9.84 10.58 10.54 10.58 10.52 5 10.84 10.74 9.60 8.! 8.82 9.88 10.56 10.54 10.60 10.54

6 10.94 10.74 9.92 10.64 10.54 10.78 10.56 7 10.90 10.72 9.94 10.62 10.52 10.80 10.58 8 10.86 10.70 9.52 9.96 10.60 10.56 10.78 10.58 9 10.82 10.68 1.90 8.90 8.66 9.98 10.58 10.56 10.76 10.60 10 10.78 10.68 10.00 10.60 10.50 10.72 10.58 11 10.70 10.66 10.04 10.64 10.52 10.68 10.58 12 10.64 10.66 9.40 8.70 8.68 10.08 10.62 10.56 10.64 10.56 13 10.60 10.66 8.90 10.08 10.60 10.58 10.62 10.56 14 10.58 10.60 10.10 10.56 10.58 10.60 10.56 15 10.54 9.32 8.62 10.14 10.52 10.60 10.58 10.56

16 10.48 8.82 8.78 10.16 10.50 10.64 10.54 10.54 17 10.46 10.30 10.20 10.52 10.64 10.56 10.54 18 10.44 10.24 10.56 10.78 10.56 10.52 19 10.46 9.27 8.78 9.02 10.26 10.56 10.74 10.54 10.50 20 10.46 8.82 10.40 10.54 10.70 10.50 10.50

21 10.44 10.08 10.44 10.52 10.68 10.50 10.50 22 10.48 9.18 8.56 9.18 10.46 10.58 10.66 10.58 10.52 23 10.50 8.80 9.22 10.48 10.58 10.62 10.56 10.52 24 10.62 9.96 9.28 10.52 10.62 10.58 10.56 10.52 25 10.60 9.40 10.54 10.60 10.54 10.54 10.52

26 10.60 9.10 8.16 8.56 9.52 10.54 10.60 10.50 10.54 10.52 27 10.64 9.54 10.56 10.66 10.52 10.52 10.56 28 10.68 9.58 10.54 10.68 10.54 10.50 10.56 29 10.68 9.06 8.58 9.62 10.50 10.62 10.58 10.50 10.58 30 10.68 9.02 9.70 10.48 10.58 10.58 10.50 10.58 31 10.68 10.48 10.58 10.50

MEAN 10.65 10.20 10.58 10.59 10.59 10.54 MAX 10.94 10.56 10.68 10.78 10.80 10.60 MIN 10.44 9.76 10.48 10.50 10.50 10.48

27 455557089311000 BIG ST. GERMAIN LAKE NEAR ST. GERMAIN, WI LOCATION.--Lat 45°55'57", long 89°31'10", in NE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.20, T.40 N., R.8 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001, 2.5 mi north west of St. Germain. DRAINAGE AREA.--73.1 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.--February 1992 to current year. REMARKS.--Lake sampled near center of lake at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during March measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MARCH 12 TO AUGUST 14, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Mar. 12 May 16 June 25 July 24 Aug. 14 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 28 1 .5 30 1.5 30 1.5 28 1.5 32 Lake stage (ft) 8.59 10 .20 10,.60 10,.57 10..62 Specific conductance (|O.S/cm) 97 104 79 76 81 88 85 112 77 106 pH (units) 7.5 6.9 7 .0 7 .0 7.8 6.7 7.4 7.0 7.8 7.0 Water temperature (°C) 1.4 5.0 6. 0 5 .0 19.0 11.5 20.5 13.0 21.5 15.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ___ 15 15 __.. --- ______Turbidity (NTU) ______1 .00 1 .4 ______Secchi-depth (meters) ___ 2 .4 4,.0 2..8 2..7 Dissolved oxygen 12.2 0.5 10 .1 9 .6 9.4 0.2 8.5 0.2 8.7 0.2 Hardness, as CaC03 ___ 35 35 ______Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ 9 .3 9 .4 ______--- Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ___ 2 .8 2 .8 ------Sodium, dissolved (Na) 2 .0 2 .0 ______--- ______Potassium, dissolved (K) ___ 0 .6 0 .6 ______--- ______Alkalinity, as CaC03 35 33 ------___ ------Sulfate, dissolved (S04) ___ 7 .0 7 .0 ------___ Chloride, dissolved (Cl) 2 .6 2 .4 ___ ------___ Fluoride, dissolved (F) <0 .1 <0 .1 ------______Silica, dissolved (Si02) ___ 13 13 ___ --- Solids, dissolved, at 180°C ------74 62 ------Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) --- 0 .14 0 .14 ------Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)) <0 .03 <0 .03 --- ______Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) 0 .30 0 .40 --- ______Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)) 0 .30 0 .40 ------___ --- Nitrogen, total (as N) ___ 0 .44 0 .54 ______Phosphorus, total (as P) ______0 .015 0 .020 0.011 0.029 0.012 0.095 0.011 0.08 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as ) 0 .009 0 .002 ______Iron, dissolved (Fe) (J.g/L ___ 110 110 ______Manganese, dissolved (Mn) fig/L ___ 140 140 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|J.g/L)) 4 .3 - 4.7 ___ 5.2 9.9 ___

3-12-96 5-16-96 6-25-96 7-24-96 8-14-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 u u I \ ' '

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PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6 7 8 9 10 6 7 8 9 10 u 0| i I i I 0| i i i i Oi i I I 1 0

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£20 . : 20 20 20 20 LU I * O ( I - 30 - rtrt 50 100 150 0 50 100 150 0 50 100 150 0 50 100 150 0 50 100 150 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

28 TOTAL PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION, CHLOROPHYLL a CONCENTRATION, IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER o o p p SECCHI DEPTH, IN METERS 3 2 g 8 g

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Q. 454724091303600 BIG SISSABAGAMA LAKE NEAR STONE LAKE, WI LOCATION.-Lat 45°47'24",,loi long 91°30'36", in NW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.6, T.38 N., R.9 W., Sawyer County, Hydrologic Unit 07050001, near Stone Lake. DRAINAGE AREA.--9.47 mi2. LAKE-STAGE RECORDS PERIOD OF RECORD.-April 1986 to current year. GAGE.--Staff gage near lake outlet read by Richard Roehrich and John Eary. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD: Maximum gage height observed, 6.09 ft, May 7 and Sept. 15,1991; minimum observed, 4.78 ft, Sept. 15,16,1988. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum gage height observed, 6.04 ft, Apr. 21-23; minimum observed, 5.49 ft, Mar. 13, and Sept. 20, 22-23.

GAGEHEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES DAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 5.79 5.77 5.64 5 .90 5. 78 6 .00 5,.84 5 .65 2 5.77 5.78 5.63 5..87 5. 87 5 .99 5,.84 5 .62 3 5.78 5.78 5.63 5,.86 5. 88 5 .96 5,.83 5 .65 4 5.76 5.77 5.63 5,.85 5. 87 5 .94 5,.81 5 .66 5 5.73 5.75 5.63 5,.87 5. 86 5 .91 5,.81 5 .66 6 5.80 5.68 5.62 ___ 5,.86 5. 87 5 .90 5..81 5 .64 7 5.80 5.61 5.60 5,.85 5. 86 5 .97 5..86 5 .63 8 5.78 5.59 5.60 5,.82 5. 86 5 .97 5..83 5 .63 9 5.82 5.58 5.59 5,.81 5. 85 5 .95 5..79 5 .62 10 5.84 5.57 5,.80 5. 84 5 .92 5..79 5 .61 11 5.85 5.57 ___ 5,.78 5. 83 5 .90 5..78 5 .60 12 5.83 5.58 - 5,.77 5. 82 5 .93 5..78 5 .60 13 5.82 5.60 5 .49 5,.76 5. 82 5 .91 5..77 5 .57 14 5.81 5.63 5,.77 5. 80 5 .89 5..75 5 .56 15 5.78 5.65 5,.76 5. 79 5 .89 5..75 5 .54 16 5.75 5.65 ___ 5,.75 5. 79 ___ 5..74 5 .51 17 5.72 5.65 5,.73 5. 82 ___ 5..73 5 .51 18 5.72 5.65 5 .87 5,.73 5. 85 5 .91 5..72 5 .51 19 5.71 5.65 5 .93 5,.98 5. 85 5 .92 5..74 5 .50 20 5.70 5.65 5 .98 5,.99 5. 84 5 .89 5..73 5 .49 21 5.71 5.65 6 .04 5,.99 5. 86 5 .89 5..71 5 .51 22 5.71 5.65 6 .04 5..96 5. 84 5 .85 5..75 5 .49 23 5.73 5.65 6 .04 5..96 5. 85 5 .83 5..74 5 .49 24 5.79 5.65 6 .00 5..93 5. 85 5 .87 5.,73 5 .51 25 5.80 5.65 5 .99 5..87 5. 84 5 .86 5.,71 5 .51 26 5.79 5.65 5 .98 5..86 5. 99 5 .85 5.,70 5 .52 27 5.80 5.65 5 .98 5..83 6. 03 5 .83 5.,69 5 .53 28 5.79 5.65 5 .96 5..80 6. 02 5 .89 5.,68 5 .53 29 5.79 5.64 5 .95 5..80 6. 02 5 .87 5..66 5 .53 30 5.78 5.64 5 .91 5..79 6. 01 5 .86 5.,66 5 .53 31 5.77 --- 5..79 - -- 5 .86 5.,65 - MEAN 5.77 5.65 ___ 5,.84 5. 87 ___ 5..75 5 .56 MAX 5.85 5.78 --- ___ 5,.99 6. 03 ___ 5..86 5 .66 MIN 5.70 5.57 ___ 5,.73 5. 78 ___ 5..65 5 .49

30 454724091303600 BIG SISSABAGAMA LAKE NEAR STONE LAKE, WI--CONTINUED

WATER-QUALITY RECORDS PERIOD OF RECORD.--March 1986 to current year. REMARKS.--Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during March measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MARCH 13 TO AUGUST 20, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Mar. 13 May 15 June 25 July 24 Aug. 20 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 43 1 .5 39 1.5 46 1.5 49 1.5 54 Lake stage (ft) 5.49 5. 72 5. 83 5. 86 5. 72 Specific conductance ((iS/cm) 66 135 70 72 61 82 74 119 86 170 pH (units) 7.1 7.0 8 .9 8.3 7.9 6.6 7.5 6 .9 8.1 7.2 Water temperature (°C) 2.0 5.0 9. 5 8.0 21.0 10.0 22.0 10 .5 23.0 11.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ______20 ___ - ___ Turbidity (NTU) ___ 1 .6 ______- ___ Secchi-depth (meters) 1. 5 2. 1 1. 8 2. 4 Dissolved oxygen 10.8 0.0 10 .2 8.6 9.2 0.0 8.0 0 .1 8.6 0.2 Hardness, as CaCO3 ___ 31 ___ - ______Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ 8 .1 ___ - -- ___ Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ___ 2 .5 ______- ______Sodium, dissolved (Na) ___ 1 .5 ______- ______Potassium, dissolved (K) 0 .8 ______- ______Alkalinity, as CaCO3 31 ______- ______Sulfate, dissolved (SO4) ___ 5 .0 ______- --- ___ Chloride, dissolved (Cl) 1 .0 ______- ______Fluoride, dissolved (F) <0 .1 ______- Silica, dissolved (SiO2) 5 .3 ______- Solids, dissolved, at 180°C 44 ______- -- ___ --- Nitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N) ___ 0 .08 ___ - Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)) <0 .03 ______- ___ Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ___ 0 .60 ______- ___ Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)) ___ 0 .60 ______- Nitrogen, total (as N) ______0 .68 ______- -- ______Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .027 0.017 0.051 0.023 0 .119 0.017 0.19 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)) 0 .002 ______- --- Iron, dissolved (Fe) |ig/L ___ 180 ______- -- ___ --- Manganese, dissolved (Mn) |ig/L Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L) 16 7.7 11 9.2

3-13-96 5-15-96 6-25-96 7-24-96 8-20-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 u u :'T""j u _'J""'j

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(O (O i 1 ' " 1 0) 1 " 1 i 1 : | 423706088363400 DELAVAN LAKE NEAR DELAVAN, WI LOCATION.--Lat 42°36'27", long 88°36'19", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.28, T.2 N., R.16 E., Walworth County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, at Delavan Lake Sanitary District Lift Station No. 2 at Delavan Lake Yacht Club, 1.0 mi southeast of outlet, and 2.7 mi southeast of Delavan. DRAINAGE AREA.--41.4 mi2, of which 2.3 mi2 is non-contributing. Area of Delavan Lake, 2,072 acres. PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1983 to current year. October 1983 to September 1985 data published in Water Resources Investigation series report "Water Quality and Hydrology of Delavan Lake in Southeastern Wisconsin" by Stephen J. Field and Marvin D. Duerk. GAGE.-Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 922.92 ft above sea level. Prior to Sept. 5,1989, staff gage at bridge on North Shore Drive at same datum. REMARKS. No estimated daily gage heights. Records good. Lake was ice covered from Dec. 16 to Mar. 31. Lake levels controlled by Delavan Lake Sanitary District. Prior to Mar. 20,1995, lake levels were controlled by Town of Delavan. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 6.19 ft, Feb. 21, 1994; minimum daily, -4.44 ft Nov. 6,1989 (lake drawn down for lake rehabilitation program). EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum gage height, 5.86 ft, June 18,19; minimum, 4.55 ft, Sept. 25, 26.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996

DAILY MEAN VALUES

DAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG 1 4.80 4.99 5.07 4.90 4.96 4.93 4.91 4.99 5.01 4.97 4.85 4.74 2 4.79 5.06 5.07 4.90 4.94 4.92 4.91 4.98 5.14 4.96 4.84 4.73 3 4.78 5.06 5.07 4.90 4.92 4.90 4.91 4.96 5.17 4.95 4.83 4.73 4 4.78 5.04 5.08 4.90 4.90 4.89 4.92 4.96 5.18 4.94 4.82 4.72 5 4.77 5.04 5.09 4.90 4.88 4.89 4.92 4.95 5.18 4.93 4.81 4.72 6 4.91 5.03 5.07 4.90 4.87 4.88 4.92 4.94 5.23 4.93 4.89 4.71 7 4.97 5.05 5.07 4.90 4.86 4.88 4.92 4.93 5.30 4.92 4.91 4.70 8 4.97 5.04 5.06 4.90 4.85 4.87 4.92 4.92 5.25 4.91 4.92 4.70 9 4.96 5.03 5.05 4.90 4.88 4.87 4.92 4.94 5.16 4.90 4.91 4.70 10 4.95 5.06 5.03 4.89 4.92 4.86 4.92 5.05 5.11 4.88 4.89 4.69 11 4.94 5.12 5.02 4.91 4.95 4.85 4.92 5.04 5.05 4.87 4.88 4.68 12 4.93 5.08 5.01 4.92 4.96 4.86 4.92 5.01 5.00 4.86 4.87 4.66 13 4.92 5.05 5.01 4.92 4.96 4.87 4.92 5.01 4.98 4.86 4.87 4.63 14 4.92 5.04 5.01 4.91 4.97 4.88 4.91 5.02 4.99 4.86 4.86 4.61 15 4.89 5.03 5.00 4.91 4.98 4.89 5.01 5.02 5.00 4.86 4.84 4.61 16 4.87 5.03 4.97 4.90 4.98 4.89 5.06 5.02 5.00 4.85 4.82 4.60 17 4.86 5.02 4.95 4.92 4.97 4.88 5.07 5.02 5.31 4.88 4.82 4.59 18 4.85 5.02 4.93 5.00 4.95 4.88 5.09 5.03 5.81 4.96 4.81 4.58 19 4.85 5.02 4.93 5.01 4.95 4.89 5.12 5.03 5.82 4.97 4.81 4.58 20 4.86 5.03 4.93 5.00 4.94 4.89 5.16 5.10 5.67 4.95 4.82 4.57 21 4.87 5.03 4.93 5.01 4.93 4.88 5.14 5.26 5.51 4.94 4.82 4.57 22 4.87 5.01 4.93 5.01 4.92 4.89 5.11 5.17 5.36 4.92 4.82 4.57 23 4.87 5.00 4.93 5.02 4.91 4.89 5.07 5.07 5.21 4.92 4.82 4.57 24 4.89 4.99 4.93 5.03 4.93 4.89 5.05 5.02 5.10 4.91 4.82 4.56 25 4.88 4.99 4.92 5.03 4.93 4.92 5.02 5.00 5.00 4.90 4.81 4.56 26 4.89 4.98 4.92 5.04 4.93 4.91 4.99 5.00 4.99 4.88 4.80 4.60 27 4.93 5.02 4.91 5.05 4.94 4.90 4.96 4.98 4.99 4.89 4.78 4.66 28 4.98 5.08 4.91 5.04 4.94 4.90 4.92 4.98 4.98 4.89 4.77 4.66 29 4.98 5.06 4.91 5.03 4.94 4.90 4.95 5.02 4.97 4.88 4.76 4.63 30 4.98 5.06 4.90 5.01 4.90 4.99 5.02 4.97 4.87 4.76 4.62 31 4.97 4.90 4.98 4.92 5.01 4.86 4.75 ___ MEAN 4.89 5.04 4.98 4.96 4.93 4.89 4.98 5.01 5.18 4.91 4.83 4.64 MAX 4.98 5.12 5.09 5.05 4.98 4.93 5.16 5.26 5.82 4.97 4.92 4.74 MIN 4.77 4.98 4.90 4.89 4.85 4.85 4.91 4.92 4.97 4.85 4.75 4.56

33 423556088365001 DELAVAN LAKE AT CENTER NEAR DELAVAN LAKE, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 42°35'56", long 88°36'50", in SE 1/4 SW 1/4, sec.28, T.2 N., R.16 E., Walworth County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, 2.6 mi southeast of Delavan. DRAINAGE AREA.-41.4 mi2, of which 2.3 mi2 is non-contributing. PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1983 to current year. REMARKS. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, NOVEMBER 22, 1995 TO MAY 13, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Nov. 22 Feb. 29 Apr. 22 May 13 Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 53 1 .5 53 1 .5 53 1.5 53 Lake stage (ft) 5.,01 4,.94 5 .11 5,.01 Specific conductance 578 580 563 920 592 595 597 606 pH (units) 8.1 8 .4 8 .8 7.5 8 .4 8 .3 8.3 8.1 Water temperature (°C) 4.0 4 .0 3 .0 4.0 8 .5 7 .5 11.0 9.5 Color (Pt-Co. scale) - -- - 7 10 Turbidity (NTU) - - -- 0 .30 0 .30 Secchi-depth (meters) 4.,9 2..1 6 .4 8,.1 Dissolved oxygen 11.7 11 .0 19 .8 0.6 11 .3 10 .6 10.3 8.1 Hardness, as CaCO3 ___ ------240 240 ___ Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ - - -- 43 43 ___ Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) - - -_ 33 32 Sodium, dissolved (Na) ------26 26 ___ Potassium, dissolved (K) - - -_ ___ 3 3 ___ Alkalinity, as CaCO3 - - ___ 190 190 ___ Sulfate, dissolved (SO4) - - ___ 30 30 ___ Chloride, dissolved (Cl) - - ___ 60 60 ___ Fluoride, dissolved (F) - - 0 .2 0 .2 Silica, dissolved (SiO2) - -- - ___ 0 .6 0 .8 ___ Solids, dissolved, at 180 C -.-- _.-- 320 317 Nitrogen, N02 + NO3, diss. (as N) 0.24 - 0 .21 ------0.25 Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N) --- 0 .00 - -- - 0.05 Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N) 0.60 - 0 .60 0 .70 0 .80 0.60 Nitrogen, total (as N) 0.84 - -- 0 .81 0 .70 0 .80 0.85 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.078 0 .086 0 .069 0.240 0 .071 0 .086 0.069 0.084 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P) 0.066 0 .042 0 .001 0.190 0 .032 0 .012 0.043 0.055 Iron, dissolved (Fe) jig/L ___ ------10 12 ___ Manganese, dissolved (Mn) jig/L - _ __ 9 8 ___ Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L) 1.7 - 8 .9 1 .2 - 0.2

11-22-95 2-29-96 4-22-96 5-13-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 0 10 20 0 10 20 10 20 u iiii, , , , , _ 0 . {< i i i | . . . . 0 u : W.T. H 1 ° - 10 L (- 10 10 - -_ LLJ : i u! 20 - - 20 - / - 20 20 - -_ Z : ; I 30 - 30 - ^S - 30 30 - -_ Q. D.o. : g40 40 40 40 ~ ~_ - j ~7 50 50 / KK , i i , i i i i . 1 1 1 1 1 - KK 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 10 8 10 10 8 9 10 U ;' \ u U u i1' 71 '- '- -_ -j t" PH : 10 10 10

ui 20 20 20 20 - Z ; - 1 - I I 30 - - 30 - 1 - 30 - - 30 - - S.C. '- §40 -_ 40 40 -_ 40 - -j \ \l ~: '- -_ - 50 '- | -m 50 r /- --... - 50 50 ) 5!( 55 55 X) 750 1,0IOO 5()0 750 1 ,CIOO 5(X) 750 1,0 00 5(X) 750 1,0 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICRO-SIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

34 423556088365001 DELAVAN LAKE AT CENTER NEAR DELAVAN LAKE, WI--CONTINUED

WATER-QUALITY DATA, JUNE 12 TO AUGUST 13, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

June 12 July 16 Depth of sample (ft) 1 .5 54 1.5 21 36 52 Lake stage (ft) 5.C)0 4.85 Specific conductance (|iS/cm) 590 616 551 575 618 632 pH (units) 8 .3 7 .7 8.7 8 .2 7 .6 7 .6 Water temperature (°C) 17. 5 12 .5 24.0 22 .0 14 .0 13 .0 Secchi-depth (meters) 8..1 2.3 Dissolved oxygen 8 .9 1 .8 10.9 5 .3 0 .2 0 .1 Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) 0 .29 Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N) 0 .00 Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N) 0 .60 Nitrogen, total (as N) 0 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0 .072 0 .170 ___ 0 .070 0 .170 0 .450 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P) 0 .018 0 .100 0 .039 0 .140 0 .210 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L) 0 .1 - -- 9.8 ------

Aug . 13 Depth of sample (ft) 1 .5 6 .0 18 24 30 39 48 53 Lake stage (ft) 4,.87 Specific conductance (|iS/cm) 512 513 514 549 588 589 601 607 pH (units) 8 .5 8 .5 8 .5 7.7 7.5 7 .5 7.5 7 .4 Water temperature (°C) 25. 0 24 .5 24. 5 21.5 16.0 14. 0 13.0 13. 0 Secchi-depth (meters) 1. .6 Dissolved oxygen 9 .4 9 .4 9 .1 0.2 0.1 0 .1 0.1 0 .1 Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) <0 .00 Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N) 0 .01 Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N) 0 Nitrogen, total (as N) 0 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0 .037 0 .029 0, .034 0.039 0.110 0 .300 0.210 0 .530 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P) <0 .001 <0,.001 0 .200 0 .074 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L) P. Q

6-12-96 7-16-96 8-13-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 0°) 10 2 0 10 20 .0 10 20

-_ D.O. HI ui 20 - - Z j - 130 / ; -_ Q. 1 w.T. : £40 - J i 50 V | j 66 ( ) 10 20 3 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 789 10 6789 10 6789 10 u 1 ' 1 u u

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ADDITIONAL WATER-QUALITY DATA, APRIL 24 TO SEPTEMBER 25, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Apr. 24 May 01 May 21 May 30 June 05 June 10 June 20 June 25 July 02 July 09

Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Lake stage (ft) 5.05 4.99 5.26 5.02 5.18 5.11 5.67 5.00 4.96 4.90 Water temperature (°C) 10.0 8.5 14.5 14.0 16.0 16.5 22.5 25.5 25.3 Secchi-depth (meters) 9.1 7.0 8.7 8.4 7.9 7.3 2.7 5.5 4.3 1.8 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.070 0.060 0.068 0.062 0.069 0.070 0.091 0.095 0.060 0.088

July 23 July 31 Aug. 07 Aug. 20 Aug. 26 Sept.03 Sept.10 Sept.18 Sept. 25

Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Lake stage (ft) 4.92 4.86 4.91 4.82 4.80 4.73 4.69 4.58 4.56 Water temperature (°C) 22.5 22.0 25.0 24.0 24.5 24.5 25.0 19.5 17.5 Secchi-depth (meters) 2.4 2.1 1.7 2.3 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.1 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.077 0.042 0.034 0.035 0.030 0.027 0.027 0.054 0.080

423659088354401 DELAVAN LAKE, AT NORTH END, NEAR LAKE LAWN, WI LOCATION.--Lat 42°36'59", long 88°35'44", in NW 1/4 SW 1/4, sec.22, T.2 N., R.16 E., Walworth County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, 2.6 mi southeast of Delavan. DRAINAGE AREA.--41.4 mi2, of which 2.3 mi2 is non-contributing. PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1983 to current year.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, APRIL 22 TO AUGUST 13, 1996 Apr. 22 May 13 June 12 July 16 Aug. 13

Secchi-depth (meters) 4.7 5.6 7.5 2.0 1.4

423526088380101 DELAVAN LAKE, AT SW END, NEAR DELAVAN LAKE, WI LOCATION.-Lat 42°35'26", long 88°38'01", in SE 1/4 NW 1/4, sec.32, T.2 N., R.16 E., Walworth County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, 2.6 mi southeast of Delavan. DRAINAGE AREA.-41.4 mi2, of which 2.3 mi2 is non-contributing. PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1983 to current year.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, APRIL 22 TO AUGUST 13, 1996 Apr. 22 May 13 June 12 July 16 Aug. 13 Secchi-depth (meters) 5.3 8.1 9.0 2.6 1.4

37 425044088100300 DENOON LAKE AT WIND LAKE, WI LOCATION.--Lat 42°50144", long 88°10'03", in SW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.32, T.5 N., R.20 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, at Wind Lake. PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1991 to current year. REMARKS.-Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 06 TO AUGUST 19,1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 06 Apr. 10 June 11 July 17 Aug. 19 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 54 1 .5 53 1.5 54 1.5 53 1.5 53 Lake stage (ft) Specific conductance 486 571 473 474 475 497 447 512 440 527 pH (units) 8.3 7.4 8 .1 8 .1 8.6 7.5 8.5 7.5 8.3 7.4 Water temperature (°C) 2.5 4.0 5. 5 5 .5 17.0 9.0 25.0 9.0 25.0 9.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ___ 15 15 ______Turbidity (NTU) ___ 1 .6 1 .5 ______Secchi-depth (meters) ___ 3 .1 1 .5 1 .9 3 .6 Dissolved oxygen 14.4 0.1 11 .7 11 .6 11.1 0.2 9.7 0.2 8.2 0.0 Hardness, as CaCO3 ___ 200 200 ___ Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ______39 40 ___ Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ___ 26 25 ___ Sodium, dissolved (Na) 17 16 ___ Potassium, dissolved (K) 3 4 ______Alkalinity, as CaCO3 170 170 ___ Sulfate, dissolved (SO4) ___ 29 30 ______Chloride, dissolved (Cl) 35 35 ___ --- ___ --- Fluoride, dissolved (F) 0 .1 0 .1 ______Silica, dissolved (SiO2) ___ 0 .6 0 .6 ______Solids, dissolved, at 180 C ___ 278 274 ___ Nitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N) 0 .17 0 .18 --- Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)[) 0 .15 0 .16 ------Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) 0 .65 0 .94 ______Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)[) 0 .80 1 .1 --- Nitrogen, total (as N) 0 .97 1 .3 Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .018 0 .018 0.020 0.074 0.015 0.137 0.009 0.190 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as <0 .002 <0 .002 ___ Iron, dissolved (Fe) ng/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) ng/L ______0 .6 0 .7 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton ([ig/L),) 8 .0 - -- 23 ___ 5.2 3.0 ___

2-6-96 4-10-96 6-11-96 7-17-96 8-19-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 u u

10 - 10 W.T. ) j -J ) \ 20 - 20 r/ ''-- D.O. ; 30 30 ~_

- 40 ^ 40 ~_ 50 _ -I 50 ~_ KC; , , i i i i i i i 1 i i i i- KK 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS (57891 0 (5 7 8 9 1 0 (57891 5 7 8 9 1 5 7 8 9 K 0 0 ° 0j 0 0J

J 1 -I j \ 10 10 10 10 :j\ 10 M \ ^ f/ : - u! 20 20 pH - 20 20 20 '- - Z : s.c. r so ; } ] 30 30 ; V i 30 30

HI ,n '7 -_ - -_ Q 40 - A \ 40 40 \ 40 40 ~~ \ \ ' - '- -_ 50 50 j- -_ 50 50 50 - \ \ -. ££ \ I , v -j ££ ££ r I i «« fifi '^00 500 600 "400 500 600 "400 500 600 400 500 600 400 500 600 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

38 TOTAL PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION, CHLOROPHYLL a CONCENTRATION, IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER SECCHI DEPTH, IN METERS o p p p c b 'o b b c

C col

CDa T3rr =? Q

O Q, 3 O I- ^~ OJ o" ^ 1 CD O

5" 0> Q. O ro 2>

§ § Is Q, 05404500 DEVILS LAKE NEAR BARABOO, WI LOCATION.--Lat 43°25'18", long 89°43'38", in SW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.13, T.ll N., R.6 E., Sauk County, Hydrologic Unit 07070004, in Devils Lake State Park, 3.5 mi south of Baraboo. DRAINAGE AREA.~4.79 mi2. Area of Devils Lake, 361 acres. PERIOD OF RECORD.-June 1922 to August 1930, June to August 1932, June 1934 to September 1981 (fragmentary). October 1981 to September 1984, data unpublished in district files. October 1984 to current year. REVISED RECORDS.-WDR WI-78-1: Drainage area. GAGE.-Water-stage recorder installed July 17,1991. Datum of gage is 955.00 ft, above sea level. REMARKS.-Records good. Lake has no surface outlet. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 14.13 ft, July 18, 1993; minimum observed, 1.49 ft Feb. 8, 1965. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum recorded gage height, 11.08 ft, June 21; minimum recorded, 8.08 ft, Jan. 1.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996

DAILY MEAN VALUES OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP

3.43 .39 .24 .10 9.14 9.73 10.88 10.35 9.67 3.42 .48 .24 .10 9.14 9.85 10.86 10.34 9.65 3.45 .48 .23 .10 9.15 9.86 10.82 10.30 9.62 3.44 .46 .23 .10 9.15 9.86 10.79 10.28 9.60 3.43 .45 .22 9.14 9.86 10.76 10.28 9.58

1.57 .43 .20 9.14 9.87 10.72 10.32 9.56 !.55 .41 .19 9.13 9.91 10.69 10.31 9.53 !.54 .40 .19 9.15 9.93 10.66 10.28 9.51 i.53 .39 .18 9.19 9.93 10.61 10.25 9.49 10 .37 .17 9.39 9.93 10.58 10.23 9.46

11 .36 .17 8.82 9.47 9.93 10.54 10.19 9.43 12 .35 .16 9.49 9.93 10.54 10.16 9.39 13 .49 .34 .17 8.35 9.51 9.92 10.52 10.14 9.35 14 .46 .33 .18 9.54 9.91 10.50 10.11 9.31 15 .43 .32 .18 9.62 9.90 10.47 10.08 9.27 16 .41 .31 .18 9.66 9.88 10.44 10.06 9.25 17 .39 .30 .17 9.69 10.36 10.42 10.03 9.22 18 .36 .29 .16 9.72 10.93 10.67 10.00 9.20 19 .36 .28 .16 9.74 11.00 10.68 10.00 9.18 20 .35 .28 .16 8.32 9.76 11.03 10.65 9.97 9.17

21 .34 .26 .15 9.78 11.04 10.62 9.96 9.16 22 .33 .25 .15 9.78 11.04 10.59 9.94 9.13 23 .31 .23 .14 9.79 11.03 10.56 9.91 9.11 24 .31 .22 .13 9.80 11.01 10.53 9.88 9.08 25 .30 .20 .13 8.98 10.99 10.50 9.85 9.07

26 .28 .19 .13 9.79 10.97 10.47 9.82 .07 27 .30 .24 .13 9.78 10.95 10.45 9.79 .07 28 .33 .27 .13 9.76 10.93 10.45 9.77 .05 29 .32 .26 .13 9.76 10.91 10.44 9.74 .02 30 .30 .25 .13 9.74 10.91 10.41 9.72 31 .30 .11 9.73 10.38 9.70

MEAN .33 8.17 9.53 10.38 10.59 10.06 9.31 MAX .48 8.24 9.80 11.04 10.88 10.35 9.67 MIN .19 8.11 9.13 9.73 10.38 9.70 9.00

05404500 WATER YEAR MIN MAX WATER LEVEL

55 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995

40 431643088243300 DRUID LAKE NEAR HARTFORD, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°16'43" long 88°24'33", in NW 1/4 ME 1/4 sec.6, T.9 N., R.18 E., Washington County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, 3.2 mi southwest of Hartford. LAKE-STAGE RECORDS PERIOD OF RECORD.-June 1991 to current year. GAGE. Staff gage read by Bill Noennig at his residence. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 13.22 ft, June 19, 1996; minimum observed, 10.71 ft, Sept. 21,1996. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum gage height observed, 13.22 ft, June 19; minimum observed, 10.71 ft, Sept. 21.

GAGEHEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES DAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 10.93 2 11.57 3 10.87 10.87 4 5 11.03 6 7 11.13 8 12.12 11.37 9 12.43 11.07 10 12.43 10.82 11 12 12.01 13 11.92 11.31 14 11.71 10.97 15 16 11.47 17 10.93 12.15 1 8 11.41 12.91 19 13.22 11.62 20 13.04 11.17 21 12.81 10.71 22 12.61 23 12.41 11.45 24 12.21 25 11.13 12.03 26 27 28 10.97 29 11.77 11.25 30 31 10.93

41 431643088243300 DRUID LAKE NEAR HARTFORD, WI-CONTINUED

WATER-QUALITY RECORDS PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1991 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 09 TO AUGUST 09, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 09 Apr. 24 June 13 July 24 Aug. 09 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 51 1 .5 53 1.5 51 1.5 49 1.5 47 Lake stage (ft) - -- 11..87 11..37 11..09 Specific conductance (fiS/cm) 601 723 622 627 589 640 554 651 559 646 pH (units) 8.4 7.5 8 .1 8 .0 8.4 7.7 8.2 7.6 8.4 7.6 Water temperature ( C) 3.0 3.5 10 .0 6 .5 22.5 8.5 22.5 8.5 25.0 9.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ___ 35 - ___ --- ___ --- Turbidity (NTU) ___ 0 .60 - -- ______Secchi-depth (meters) 4 .1 2..1 2..1 1,.4 Dissolved oxygen 14.0 2.6 10 .9 9 .5 11.0 0.4 8.3 0.0 9.0 0.2 Hardness, as CaCO3 ___ 310 320 --- ______Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ 68 68 ______Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ___ 35 36 ___ Sodium, dissolved (Na) ___ 10 9 .8 ______Potassium, dissolved (K) ___ 2 2 ______Alkalinity, as CaCO3 ___ 270 280 ______Sulfate, dissolved (S04) ___ 30 30 ______Chloride, dissolved (Cl) 27 27 ______Fluoride, dissolved (F) 0 .1 - -- ______Silica, dissolved (Si02) 4 .7 4 .9 ______Solids, dissolved, at 180°C 374 376 ___ Nitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N) 0 .64 0 .62 ______Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)n 0 .17 0 .31 ______Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ___ - -- 0 .69 --- Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)n ___ 0 .10 1 .0 ______Nitrogen, total (as N) 0 .74 1 .6 ______Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .027 0 .036 0.027 0.241 0.019 0.517 0.019 0.493 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)>> <0 .002 0 .004 --- ___ Iron, dissolved (Fe) jig/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) jig/L 15 _ __ Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L),) 5 .1 - 8.5 8.3 15 2-9-96 4-24-96 6-13-96 7-24-96 8-9-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 0 10 20 10 20 10 10 20 0 U 1 ' ' ' : ' ' :

10 - x / -_

20 -/ i

30 - -_

40 - -_

50 _ - ££ i i i i i,,,,i,,,,- 10 20 30 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 10 10 6 8 9 10 8 9 10 10 u 1 1 U u u

~- '- \ 10 -_ 10 U ) ' \ 10 K J ' ! 10 ) \ - u! 20 20 20 20 20 r - s.c. PH ~ - 1 -i : y ~: z "7 - I 30 30 7 30 \ I -; 30 \ I \ 30 \ j- §40 40 j- - 40 i- [ \ 40 : A ! 40 \ -_ '- -_ i- '' -I -_ 50 50 7 50 lr I? ^ 50 50 cc « 55 w 600 700 800 500 600 700 800 500 600 700 800 500 600 700 800 600 700 800 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

42 CHLOROPHYLL a CONCENTRATION, TOTAL PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION, IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER poe SECCHI DEPTH, IN METERS ro ^ o) 03 o A W IV) -» O o o o o o

II C/5g o Q § 5

(D TJ

E. mW Q- 3

?£ ° D

1-1 5 33 _

{U a O fi$ < (D o Q> O =f- (/)5'- w3 05544500 EAGLE LAKE NEAR KANSASVILLE, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42°42'30", long 88°06'55", in SE 1/4 NE 1/4 (corrected), sec.22, T.3 N., R.20 E., Racine County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, 1.5 mi northwest of Kansasville. DRAINAGE AREA.--6.1 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.--1936-64, 1975-77, 1979, and February 1993 to current year (intermittent). Unpublished intermittent records from October 1940 to July 1979. GAGE. 1936-79, nonrecording gage at different datum; 1993-96, assumed datum, staff located at residence of observer, Virginia Jochimsen. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD 1936-64, 1975-77, 1979.-Maximum gage height observed, 7.80 ft, July 1, 1942; minimum observed, 4.31 ft, Jan. 22, 1964. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD 1993-96.-Maximum gage height observer, 12.25 ft, Apr. 22,1993; minimum observer, 10.37 ft, Feb. 2,1993. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum gage height observed, 12.09 ft, June 5; minimum observed, 10.51 ft, Sept. 25.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES DAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 11.54 - 2 11.65 3 11.53 4 11.29 10.83 5 11.28 12.09

6 11.49 - 7 11.23 8 11.63 11.48 9 10 11.39 11.47 11.41

11 11.47 10.79 12 11.68 13 14 11.09 15 11.69 11.59

16 17 11.79 11.37 18 11.39 10.75 19 11.75 20 11.01 21 10.99 22 11.71 11.79 11.85 23 24 11.79 11.33 25 11.43 10.51 26 11.71 27 28 10.89 --- 29 11.63 11.26 30 11.76 11.51 31 11.29

44 424207088072400 EAGLE LAKE, AT DEEP HOLE, NEAR KANSASVILLE, WI LOCATION.--Lat 42°42'07", long 88°07'24", in SE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.22, T.3 N., R.20 E., Racine County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006,1.5 mi north west of Kansasville. DRAINAGE AREA.--6.99 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1993 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 05 TO AUGUST 20,1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 05 Apr. 22 June 12 July 29 Aug. 20 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 12 1 .5 11 1.5 11 1.5 11 1.5 11 Lake stage (ft) 11 .28 11 .79 11..68 11,.26 11 .01 Specific conductance (US/cm) 680 691 554 555 463 487 454 459 448 456 pH (units) 7.5 7.4 8 .0 8 .0 8.8 8.4 8.7 8.5 8.6 8.3 Water temperature (°C) 2.5 4.0 12. 0 12. 0 18.5 16.0 23.5 23.0 26.0 24.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ______25 20 ______Turbidity (NTU) ______2 .7 2 .5 ______Secchi-depth (meters) - 1 .3 1..5 1..1 1 .0 Dissolved oxygen 6.7 2.8 9 .9 11 .1 12.2 8.6 8.9 6.5 8.9 4.7 Hardness, as CaC03 ______260 260 Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ 53 53 ------Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ______30 30 --- Sodium, dissolved (Na) ______17 17 --- ___ Potassium, dissolved (K) ______4 4 ______--- Alkalinity, as CaC03 ______150 160 ______Sulfate, dissolved (S04) ______63 63 ___ Chloride, dissolved (Cl) ______41 41 ___ Fluoride, dissolved (F) ______0 .2 0 .2 ______Silica, dissolved (Si02) ______6 .0 6 .0 ______Solids, dissolved, at 180°C ___ 342 340 ___ --- Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) ___ 0 .30 0 .29 ___ --- ___ Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)I) ___ <0 .03 <0 .03 ______Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ___ 0 .90 0 .80 ___ Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)I) ___ 0 .90 0 .80 ___ ------Nitrogen, total (as N) ___ 1 .2 1 .1 ______Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .033 0 .029 0.026 0.031 0.087 0.079 0.082 0.078 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)>) --- ___ <0 .002 <0 .002 ___ --- ___ --- Iron, dissolved (Fe) Jig/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) p.g/L 0.6 <0.4 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton 11 12 41 30 2-5-96 4-22-96 6-12-96 7-29-96 8-20-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20

D.O. HI UJ

~ 6 W.T. UJ Q 9

12 12 12 12 12 10 20 30 10 20 30 "0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6 7 8 9 10 6 7 8 9 10 6 7 8 9 10 6 7 8 9 10 6 7 8 9 10 u

- -

tD 3 W - - LJ. PH z - - ~~. 6 - S.C. I . . 0_ UJ Q 9 . _

12 i i 12 12 12 12 4(30 600 8C 400 600 800 400 600 800 400 600 800 400 600 800 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

45 0.10 fE £ o.08

OSO.06 g (3 0.04 Q.-J cod

JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASOND 1993 1994 1995 1996

tS 40 15

30 8i ^§20^

2 10

JFMAMJJASOND J FMAMJ JASOND JFMAMJJASOND J FMAMJ JASOND 1993 1994 1995 1996

JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND 1993 1994 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Eagle Lake (Deep Hole) near Kansasville, Wisconsin.

46 425103088261500 EAGLE SPRING LAKE AT EAGLEVILLE, WI LOCATION.--Lat 42°51'03", long 88°26'15", in SE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.36, T.5 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, at Eagleville. DRAINAGE AREA.--33.2 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.--April 1991 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near southeast end at a lake depth of about 8 ft. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. Lake-stage readings from 1991 to 1993 (except 2/4/93 and 4/19/93) were previously reported 1 ft too high. WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 08 TO AUGUST 05, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 08 Apr. 09 June 04 July 10 Aug. 05 Depth of sample (ft) 1.0 5.0 1 .5 7 .5 1 .5 7.5 1.5 6 .0 1.5 7.0 Lake stage (ft) 9.61 9. 67 9.56 9. 53 9. 55 Specific conductance (us/cm) 552 624 454 453 438 442 478 470 480 516 pH (units) 7.4 7.4 8 .4 8 .4 8 .3 8.1 8.1 8 .1 8.0 7.8 Water temperature (°C) 3.0 4.0 7. 0 7 .0 18 .5 18.5 25.0 24 .0 25.5 23.5 Color (Pt-Co. scale) 5 5 - - -- ___ Turbidity (NTU) ___ 1 .4 1 .4 - __ - -- ___ Secchi-depth (meters) ___ 2 .0 2.0 0 .9 1 .2 Dissolved oxygen 5.6 5.9 12 .8 12 .6 9 .7 8.5 7.4 7 .9 9.0 7.0 Hardness, as CaC03 ___ 230 230 - ___ - -- Calcium, dissolved (Ca) 49 48 - ___ - -- Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) 27 26 - __ - -- ___ Sodium, dissolved (Na) ___ 6 .1 6 .0 - ___ - -- ___ Potassium, dissolved (K) 1 1 - - -- ___ Alkalinity, as CaC03 ___ 210 210 - - -- Sulfate, dissolved (S04) ___ 18 18 - - -- Chloride, dissolved (Cl) 15 15 - ___ - -- ___ Fluoride, dissolved (F) ___ 0 .1 0 .1 - - -- Silica, dissolved (Si02) ______4 .1 4 .0 ------Solids, dissolved, at 180°C ______266 264 - __ - Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) ______1 .1 1 .1 - __ ___ ------Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)I) <0 .03 <0 .03 - ___ - -- Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ___ 0 .40 0 .40 - __ ___ - -- ___ Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)I) 0 .40 0 .40 - ___ - -- ___ Nitrogen, total (as N) ______1 .5 1 .5 - ______- -- Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .009 0 .012 0 .019 0.011 0.018 0 .018 0.015 0.019 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)>) <0 .002 <0 .002 - - -- ___ Iron, dissolved (Fe) |Ag/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) (Ag/L ______<0 .4 <0 .4 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|Ag/L),) 4 .5 - -- 7 .3 5.4 - -- 6.1 ___

2-8-96 4-9-96 6-4-96 7-10-96 8-5-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 D 10 2 ) 1 0 20 n () 10 2 ) 10 2( u i i i i i i 0 0« C ,1111 0 0 0« (

ts 2 _ _ 2 - 2 ; \ 2 - - UJ W.T. D.O. ~ LL - ~z 4 _ _ - - 4 - - 4 - - 4 - - I - t UJ 0 6 - - 6 - - 6 - - 6 - J -

,.,!,,,, a I , , , , 1 , , , , a ',,,,,/ 1 U 1 1 1 , 1 a , , , , i ,..!,,,, a i i i i i 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 "0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6 7 8 9 10 6 7 8 9 10

S.C. PH

~ 4

I LU 06

8 8 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

47 TOTAL PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION, CHLOROPHYLL a CONCENTRATION, IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER SECCHI DEPTH, IN METERS IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER p p p p p b b b b ro -k -k o _k _k r\3 |0 en§ o 01 o 01

C/D C/D C (D =k O 0) O O

OL. 0 -g g w O* W

(g | (D W "oC/D 9>5

o (Q

$ l§<. o = (D (D 3

to O O 3 O j/> to 0) 423051088155300 ELIZABETH LAKE NEAR TWIN LAKES, WI LOCATION.-Lat 42°30'51", long 88°15'53", in NW 1/4 SW1/4 sec.28, T. 1 N., R. 19 E., Kenosha County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, near Twin Lakes. PERIOD OF RECORD.-February to August 1995. REMARKS. Lake sampled at the deepest point near north side of lake. Lake was ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 05 TO AUGUST 12,1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 05 Apr. 22 June 10 July 15 Aug. 12 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 31 1.5 31 1.5 32 1.5 32 1.5 32 Lake stage (ft) 11.03 10.98 12.15 11.50 11.54 Specific conductance (US/cm) 593 615 541 543 527 553 525 577 521 604 pH (units) 8.2 7.8 8.2 8.2 8.6 7.7 8.5 7.5 8.3 7.3 Water temperature ( C) 2.0 5.0 11.5 10.0 17.0 14.0 24.0 14.5 25.5 15.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) 10 10 Turbidity (NTU) 1.1 i_ 8 Secchi-depth (meters) 3.3 2.4 1.7 2.7 Dissolved oxygen 15.2 6.5 10.9 10.3 9.5 0.8 8.1 0.3 7.6 0.2 Hardness, as CaCO3 240 250 Calcium, dissolved (Ca) --- - 39 39 ------Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) --- - 35 36 ------Sodium, dissolved (Na) ------20 21 ------Potassium, dissolved (K) 2 2 - Alkalinity, as CaCO3 170 160 - Sulfate, dissolved (SO4) 35 35 - Chloride, dissolved (Cl) 46 46 - Fluoride, dissolved (F) 0.1 0.1 - - Silica, dissolved (SiO2) . 0.7 1.1 - Solids, dissolved, at 180 C 320 312 Nitrogen, N02 + NO3, diss. (as N) - 0.16 0.15 - - - Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N) ------0.11 0.12 ------Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N) - 0.70 0.70 - Nitrogen, total (as N 0.86 0.85 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.013 0.015 0.015 0.026 0.011 0.059 0.009 0.066 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P) <0.002 <0.002 - - Iron, dissolved (Fe) (i.g/L - - <10 <10 ------Manganese, dissolved (Mn) ng/L --- - <0.4 <0.4 ------Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton ^g/L) 5.1 11 4.4 - 3.9

2-5-96 4-22-96 6-10-96 7-15-96 8-12-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER o 0 10 20 0 10 20 0 10 20 0 10 20 0 10 2C ' ' ' ' \ ' ' u u 1111)111! u v

- W.T. \ - S 10 - 10 10 10 10 LL ; } " } '-. : J ': z ^ i i20 - 20 - D.O. 1 20 20 20 ~ ~ '- 1 " r S ~- f ' j ^* ID ' ~ ' Q / : ; ' - - 30 1 30 30 7 I ~ 30 I 30 / . oooc 'I I I I 1 . I , I 1 I oc I I oc -,,,.!,,,, ,1,1- oc . , , , I , , , , I , , , ,- oc -, , , , i , . . . i , , , i- 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 3( WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6 7 8 9 10 & 7 8 9 10 & 7 8 9 10 _6 7 8 9 10 _6 7 8 9 K u U U V

10 _ _ 10 _ _ 10 _ _ HIW 10 10 LL : PH : z ; ; . i " - (s.c. 20 20 20 - 20 jE 20 ' 1 \s : Q. ' / LU "_ / %e O " \ '. 30 30 - 30 30 ~ 30 - IK as i i 3t; 1 1 se: ri i 3R i i 550 600 650 500 550 600 650 500Ivl 550 600 650 500 550 600 650 500 550 600 650 HISPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

49 o L H Ul 0.015 8 s w^ 0.010 o: 0.005

JFMAMJ JASOND JFMAMJJASOND 1995 1996

Fee 10

JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASOND 1995 1996

i i i i i JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJ JASOND 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Elizabeth Lake near Twin Lakes, Wisconsin.

50 05406050 FISH LAKE NEAR SAUK CITY, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°17'02", long 89°39'15" in NE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.3, T.9 N., R.7 E., Dane County, Hydrologic Unit 07070005, on south side of lake near Gamer's Tavern and Dance Hall, 0.4 mi southwest of Crystal Lake, and 3.1 mi east of Sauk City. DRAINAGE AREA.--2.23 mi2. Area of Fish Lake, 252 acres. PERIOD OF RECORD.-November 1966 to September 1981, April 1985 to May 1987, May 1988, April 1989 to October 11, 1990 (fragmentary); continuous record from Oct. 23, 1990 to current year. REVISED RECORDS.-WDRWI-92-1: Drainage area. WDRWI-87-1: All published values for the 1987 water year are invalid. Two valid values for water years 1987 and 1988 are available: May 7,1987, water surface 10.52 ft, and May 16,1988, water surface 10.83 ft. GAGE.-Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 848.07 ft above sea level. Prior to Oct. 23,1990, nonrecording gage. REMARKS. Lake has no surface outlet. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 11.34 ft, June 21-23, 1996; minimum observed, 3.02 ft, Aug. 29,1970. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum gage height observed, 11.34ft, June 21-23; minimum observed, 10.31 ft, Oct. I,2,and5.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES

OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP

1 10.32 10.49 10.49 10.68 10.73 11.27 11.02 10.80 2 10.31 10.53 10.48 10.66 10.81 11.26 11.01 10.79 3 10.33 10.52 10.48 10.66 10.81 11.24 11.00 10.78 4 10.32 10.50 10.48 10.46 10.66 10.80 11.22 10.98 10.77 5 10.32 10.49 10.48 10.65 10.80 11.20 11.01 10.76

6 10.46 10.49 10.48 10.65 10.82 11.18 11.11 10.74 7 10.46 10.48 10.47 10.64 10.88 11.16 11.11 10.73 8 10.45 10.47 10.47 10.65 10.89 11.14 11.09 10.72 9 10.45 10.46 10.48 10.68 10.66 10.88 11.12 11.07 10.72 10 10.44 10.47 10.79 10.88 11.10 11.05 10.71 11 10.43 10.48 10.79 10.88 11.08 11.03 10.69 12 10.43 10.47 10.76 10.88 11.08 11.01 10.67 13 10.42 10.46 10.68 10.75 10.88 11.07 11.00 10.64 14 10.40 10.46 10.75 10.88 11.06 10.98 10.60 15 10.38 10.45 10.77 10.87 11.04 10.96 10.58

16 10.36 10.45 10.77 10.85 11.02 10.95 10.58 17 10.35 10.45 10.78 11.14 11.01 10.93 10.56 18 10.34 10.44 10.79 11.27 11.14 10.92 10.54 19 10.35 10.44 10.79 11.27 11.16 10.93 10.53 20 10.37 10.45 10.80 11.27 11.14 10.97 10.53

21 10.37 10.44 10.81 11.28 11.12 10.96 10.52 22 10.35 10.42 10.80 11.34 11.11 10.95 10.51 23 10.35 10.42 10.81 11.33 11.09 10.94 10.50 24 10.35 10.41 10.80 11.33 11.08 10.92 10.49 25 10.34 10.40 10.78 11.32 11.07 10.91 10.48

26 10.34 10.40 10.78 11.31 11.06 10.89 10.49 27 10.40 10.48 10.77 11.30 11.07 10.87 10.51 28 10.44 10.49 10.77 11.30 11.07 10.86 10.49 29 10.44 10.49 10.76 11.28 11.06 10.85 10.47 30 10.42 10.49 10.74 11.28 11.05 10.83 10.46 31 10.42 10.73 11.03 10.81

MEAN 10.38 10.46 10.74 11.05 11.11 10.97 10.61 MAX 10.46 10.53 10.81 11.34 11.27 11.11 10.80 MIN 10.31 10.40 10.64 10.73 11.01 10.81 10.46

05406050 WATER YEAR MIN_MAX WATER LEVEL rrr

1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995

51 433632088100200 FOREST LAKE NEAR DUNDEE, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°36'32", long 88°10'02", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.12, T.13 N., R.19 E., Fond du Lac County, Hydrologic Unit 04040003, 3 mi south of Dundee. PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1994 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled at north end at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 14 TO AUGUST 21, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 14 May 01 June 26 July 23 Aug. 21

Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 30 1.5 28 1.5 27 1.5 27 1.5 27 Lake stage (ft) 8.33 8.39 8.97 9.01 8.77 Specific conductance ()iS/cm) 246 261 219 217 194 241 170 232 170 243 pH (units) 7.4 7.2 8.5 7.8 9.0 7.4 9.3 7.1 9.2 7.0 Water temperature ( C) 2.5 4.5 9.0 7.0 23.5 10.0 23.5 10.5 25.5 12.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) 10 10 ______Turbidity (NTU) 0.70 0.80 ______Secchi-depth (meters) 3.0 4.0 4.4 5.1 Dissolved oxygen 7.9 0.0 10.8 5.4 10.8 2.9 9.7 0.1 9.4 0.3 Hardness, as CaC03 120 120 ______Calcium, dissolved (Ca) 23 23 ------Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) 14 14 ______Sodium, dissolved (Na) 2.3 2.3 ------Potassium, dissolved (K) 0.6 0.6 ______Alkalinity, as CaC03 110 110 --_ --- Sulfate, dissolved (S04) 2.0 3.0 ------Chloride, dissolved (Cl) 4.2 4.2 ______--_ Fluoride, dissolved (F) <0.1 <0.1 ______- Silica, dissolved (Si02) 0.0 0.1 ______--_ Solids, dissolved, at 180 C 138 130 ------Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) <0.01 <0.01 ______-- Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N) <0.03 <0.03 --_ --- Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) 0.70 0.60 ------Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N) 0.70 0.60 ______-_ Nitrogen, total (as N) 0.70 0.60 ______-- Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.014 0.015 0.016 0.073 0.011 0.049 0.007 0.088 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P) 0.005 <0.002 Iron, dissolved (Fe) )ig/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) )ig/L <0.4 2 ______--_ --- Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton ()ig/L)L) 6.4 1.5 2.5 1.7

2-14-96 5-1-96 6-26-96 7-23-96 8-21-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 0 10 20 0 10 20 0 10 20 ,,.,,,_ U _ i i i i i i i i _ .,,,.,,, , . u ' i . : u 5 5 r i -_ 5 '- -_ 5 T. : i- \ ID -j -_ 10 10 10 r -_ 10 7 \ ''~- ( ;/ ~ 15 -_ -_ 15 1- \ / 15 '-- y \ 15 - N / \ I j 20 '- s j 20 '- St '- 20 '- .s^/ '- I D-°- : \ /I j ': s' / : "-^^^^ / ' 25 25 -_ 25 25 / \ '- 1 I t / ~- I / ~: : Ort -i i i i i ... i i ... i~ 30 i i i 111111111. i i i i i i i- ou i , , i i i ._. i i on :, , , , | ,,,,1,,,,: on 10 20 30 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 10 7 8 9 10 6 7 8 9 10 _6 7 8 9 10 _6 7 8 9 10 u 1 u U U 1 ' | ': : ! : : 5 _ j 5 5 5 * S.C. 1 ; | ; £ _i 10 , - 10 _ 10 1 - I pH : / - ' *« y ~- ~z 15 / ~ ~ - 15 -3 15 15 ~ ***** J ~~- \ / ' / Si 20 - ; - 20 X -_ 20 - y -! 20 - >\ - Q \ - - -_ 25 \ -m / : 25 25 25 - f\ i- ft i - I \ - an i , : : an an an "150 200 250 300 "150 200 250 300 "150 200 250 300 "150 200 250 300 150 200 250 300 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

52 TOTAL PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION, IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER CHLOROPHYLL a CONCENTRATION, SECCHI DEPTH, IN METERS p p p p p IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER b-* b-* bto bto § O en O en . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . . 1 I 1 . 1 . .... 1 .. 1 . 1 .... 1 ... 1 c_ c_ c_

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-j. C_ -i. C_ CO CO 00 »*" . CO ^i . .£*> C g^ *. c_

Q_ O. > > > 0 &} S OT CO CO ^ 3- ° O o W o z Z z -+, 0) _ - - O "D o o o Tl O «- c_ c_ O "^ ^ C Tl Tl Tl 00) 0 - - - S s M 0) £ > > £g. 1 * s s 7T O 3> S 0 IT j< £ C_ _k C_ -j. C_ CO CO s 52 3 S «- 9 01 C- 01 C- »f® 0 > > n "^ CO CO C = 0 o o Q. ^ z z z 0 Q .-, 0 ° ° O o c_ c_ 3 c_ - - - §§ Tl Tl

S s - § § ^ > > w. o s S 2 rtT" -J '. P w -j. C_ _i. C_ CO CO CO CO 513m o>S c_ 0) C_ O) C_ Q. > > > CO CO CO O - o - o - z z z o o i , i , i , i o .1.1.1. 430653088294601 CENTER OF FOWLER LAKE AT OCONOMOWOC, WI LOCATION.--Lat 43°06'53", long 88°29'46", in SE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.33, T.8 N., R. 17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, within City of Oconomowoc, at center of Fowler Lake. DRAINAGE AREA.--87.8 mi2. LAKE-STAGE RECORDS PERIOD OF RECORD.--January to December 1984, October 1986 to current year. GAGE.-Staff gage at outlet read by James E. Lamp from the Department of Public Works, City of Oconomowoc. REMARKS. Flows regulated at upstream lakes. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 9.96 ft, July 7,1993; minimum observed, 7.72 ft, July 12,1995. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.--Maximum gage height observed, 9.48 ft, June 28; minimum observed, 8.56 ft, June 4.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES DAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 8.80 8.72 2 8.92 3 9.06 4 8.78 8.66 8.56 5 6 8.84 8.80 8.86 7 9.00 8 8.78 9 8.96 8.88 10 11 8.76 12 8.82 8.60 13 8.84 9.26 14 8.78 8.84 8.94 15 8.94 8.76 16 8.94 17 9.38 18 8.80 8.64 19 8.78 20 8.72 21 8.72 8.78 22 23 8.90 8.92 24 8.78 8.80 8.96 25 8.70 26 8.86 27 28 8.86 8.74 9.48 29 8.92 8.88 --- 30 31 8.76 8.98

54 430653088294601 CENTER OF FOWLER LAKE AT OCONOMOWOC, WI--CONTINUED

WATER-QUALITY RECORDS PERIOD OF RECORD.--January to December 1984 and February 1987 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 08 TO AUGUST 06, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 08 Apr. 11 June 13 July 24 Aug. 06 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 48 1 .5 49 1.5 51 1.5 48 1.5 49 Lake stage (ft) 8.78 8. 71 9. 26 8. 94 8. 79 Specific conductance (^S/cm) 511 560 536 638 532 567 520 565 494 570 pH (units) 8.1 7.7 8 .2 7 .5 8.2 7.6 8.3 7.6 8.3 7.5 Water temperature (°C) 1.5 3.5 7. 5 4 .0 21.5 6.5 23.5 7.0 26.5 7.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ______15 10 ______Turbidity (NTU) ___ 0 .80 1 .00 ______--- Secchi-depth (meters) 3. 7 4. 2 3. 8 3. 1 Dissolved oxygen 11.1 2.6 12 .7 0 .6 11.2 0.0 9.3 0.0 8.7 0.3 Hardness, as CaCO3 250 260 ______Calcium, dissolved (Ca) 46 47 ______Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ______34 35 ______Sodium, dissolved (Na) ______17 32 ___ --- Potassium, dissolved (K) ______2 2 ------Alkalinity, as CaCO3 ______210 220 ______--- Sulfate, dissolved (SO4) 26 27 --- ______Chloride, dissolved (Cl) ______37 61 ______--- Fluoride, dissolved (F) ___ <0 .1 0 .1 ______Silica, dissolved (Si02) ___ 2 .9 7 .0 ______--- ___ Solids, dissolved, at 180°C ___ 324 384 ___ --- Nitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N) ___ 0 .19 0 .22 ______--- Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)I) ___ <0 .03 0 .28 ______Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ___ 0 .40 0 .52 ______Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)I) 0 .40 0 .80 ______Nitrogen, total (as N) 0 .59 1 .0 ______Phosphorus, total (as P) 0 .011 0 .035 0.011 0.114 0.009 0.049 0.007 0.144 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)>) 0 .002 0 .009 ______Iron, dissolved (Fe) |J.g/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) |ig/L ______0 .4 54 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L),) 3 .5 - 3.9 ___ 1.9 1.9

2-8-96 4-11-96 6-13-96 7-24-96 8-6-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 10 20

10 20 30 10 20 30 "0 10 20 30 "0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 8 9 10 8 9 10 6 8 9 10 8 9 10 8 9 10 u I- 10 \ - III i I III S.C. PH _ f _I \ \ H 30 Q_ ~ III 0 40

v\ i / 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROS!EMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

55 -w . o : j CCCC 2 H 0.03 7 -_

JSPHORUSCONCI 1ILLIGRAMSPERL

o 8

'' * * ''- i"I 2 0.01 :-« > £ 9 " ,** * *\ -_ ; . * j H o 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

o PDC < UJ DC t 6

O GO

ICC 0.0

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

I I 1 \ \ I I I I I

0)1 cc §UJ 2

fa 0. UJ Q

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations and Secchi depths for Center of Fowler Lake at Oconomowoc, Wisconsin. (Circles indicate laboratory detection limit for selected analyses. Actual concentrations for these particular analyses are less than the plotted circles.)

56 434918088553601 GREEN LAKE AT COUNTY TRUNK HIGHWAY A NEAR GREEN LAKE, WI LOCATION.-Lat 43°49'18", long 88°55'36" in NE 1/4 SE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.27, T.16 N., R.13 E., Green Lake County, Hydrologic Unit 04030201, on left bank at downstream side of County Trunk Highway A, 2.3 mi southeast of Green Lake. DRAINAGE AREA.--103 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1993 to current year. GAGE.-Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 790.00 ft above sea level. REMARKS.-No estimated daily gage heights. Records good except for October to February, which are fair. Lake level regulated by dam at outlet at Green Lake. Gage-height telemeter at station. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum recorded gage height, 7.03 ft, June 20, 1996; minimum recorded, 5.41 ft, Jan. 17, 1995. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.~Maximum recorded gage height, 7.03 ft, June 20; minimum recorded, 5.72 ft, Dec. 30, 31, Jan. 2, 3, 8,9, and 10.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES DAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 6.09 6.18 5.98 5.74 6.12 6.12 6.27 6.48 6.31 6.68 6.39 6.21 2 6.04 6.29 5.96 5.74 6.11 6.12 6.28 6.47 6.42 6.67 6.38 6.20 3 6.09 6.32 5.96 5.75 6.10 6.12 6.28 6.46 6.44 6.64 6.36 6.19 4 6.10 6.26 5.94 5.76 6.08 6.10 6.31 6.45 6.44 6.61 6.35 6.18 5 6.07 6.24 5.99 5.75 6.07 6.10 6.31 6.43 6.44 6.60 6.37 6.18 6 6.29 6.23 5.98 5.74 6.06 6.09 6.31 6.43 6.45 6.58 6.44 6.17 7 6.38 6.23 5.92 5.74 6.05 6.08 6.31 6.42 6.49 6.57 6.45 6.16 8 6.38 6.21 5.90 5.74 6.04 6.08 6.31 6.41 6.52 6.55 6.44 6.16 9 6.41 6.18 5.96 5.74 6.03 6.06 6.31 6.40 6.53 6.50 6.40 6.17 10 6.42 6.17 5.87 5.74 6.03 6.02 6.31 6.46 6.53 6.48 6.37 6.17 11 6.42 6.19 5.83 5.75 6.05 6.01 6.31 6.47 6.53 6.46 6.36 6.17 12 6.41 6.15 5.80 5.76 6.06 6.00 6.31 6.45 6.54 6.45 6.36 6.13 13 6.41 6.14 5.80 5.76 6.06 6.02 6.32 6.44 6.54 6.46 6.34 6.09 14 6.40 6.12 5.84 5.76 6.06 6.06 6.31 6.43 6.53 6.46 6.34 6.07 15 6.33 6.11 5.83 5.76 6.06 6.09 6.34 6.44 6.50 6.45 6.31 6.05 16 6.27 6.09 5.82 5.76 6.06 6.11 6.38 6.43 6.50 6.44 6.29 6.03 17 6.25 6.08 5.81 5.76 6.05 6.12 6.38 6.43 6.86 6.42 6.28 6.02 18 6.20 6.08 5.80 5.86 6.04 6.12 6.40 6.45 6.97 6.51 6.26 6.01 19 6.19 6.06 5.80 5.99 6.03 6.13 6.45 6.45 7.02 6.56 6.26 6.01 20 6.20 6.09 5.80 6.00 6.02 6.13 6.50 6.44 7.02 6.53 6.27 6.00 21 6.19 6.05 5.78 6.01 6.01 6.12 6.52 6.44 7.00 6.52 6.26 6.00 22 6.13 6.02 5.78 6.06 6.00 6.12 6.52 6.44 6.96 6.52 6.29 6.02 23 6.09 6.01 5.78 6.07 6.00 6.13 6.51 6.40 6.89 6.50 6.29 6.00 24 6.14 5.99 5.77 6.10 6.01 6.16 6.50 6.37 6.85 6.49 6.29 6.01 25 6.10 5.97 5.76 6.10 6.03 6.22 6.52 6.36 6.80 6.47 6.28 5.99 26 6.07 5.96 5.75 6.10 6.06 6.23 6.50 6.36 6.77 6.45 6.25 5.97 27 6.11 5.98 5.74 6.16 6.11 6.23 6.47 6.34 6.75 6.43 6.24 6.01 28 6.14 6.00 5.74 6.15 6.13 6.24 6.45 6.32 6.74 6.42 6.23 6.00 29 6.14 5.99 5.74 6.15 6.13 6.24 6.44 6.32 6.73 6.43 6.23 5.97 30 6.11 5.98 5.73 6.14 6.25 6.49 6.31 6.72 6.42 6.22 5.96 31 6.09 --- 5.74 6.14 6.27 6.31 6.41 6.22 ___ MEAN 6.21 6.11 5.84 5.90 6.06 6.13 6.39 6.41 6.66 6.51 6.32 6.08 MAX 6.42 6.32 5.99 6.16 6.13 6.27 6.52 6.48 7.02 6.68 6.45 6.21 MIN 6.04 5.96 5.73 5.74 6.00 6.00 6.27 6.31 6.31 6.41 6.22 5.96

57 453421091333700 HEMLOCK LAKE NEAR MIKANA, WI

LOCATION.~Lat 45°34'21", long 91°33'37", in SE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.26, T.36 N., R.10 W, Barron County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, 2.5 mi southeast of Mikana. PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1993 to August 1994 and March to September 1996. REMARKS. Lake sampled at deep hole near center of lake. Lake ice-covered during March sampling. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MARCH 12 TO AUGUST 21,1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Mar. 12 May 09 June 25 July 23 Aug . 21 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 19 1.5 19 1 .5 20 1 .5 21 1 .5 21 Lake stage (ft) 10 .05 10. 69 10.65 10. 84 10. 70 Specific conductance (jiS/cm) 109 161 77 77 81 110 90 143 99 185 pH (units) 6.5 6 .7 8.0 7 .8 7 .3 6 .8 7 .6 6 .9 7 .8 7.3 Water temperature ( C) 2.0 4 .5 11.5 9 .0 20. 0 13 .5 23. 0 14 .0 23. 0 14.5 Secchi-depth (meters) ___ 1. 8 1.5 2. 0 2. 1 Dissolved oxygen 8.3 0 .0 10.5 9 .3 8 .8 0 .0 8 .6 0 .1 9 .1 0.1 Phosphorus, total (as P) - 0.034 0 .045 0 .029 0 .197 0 .030 0 .530 0 .017 0.325 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton - 14 - -- 12 - 12 - -- 13

3-12-96 5-9-96 6-25-96 7-23-96 8-21-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 o() 1C) 20 () 10 20 n () 10 20 oc) 10 2 0 0

ID 5 5 -_ 5 5 5 LLJ : W.T. LL '- 10 D.O. ~ 10 ':/ I ': 10 r ? ~~- 10 r ^ ''- '- I -j g]15 15 15 Y 1 i 15 15 Q 1 I \ 1 \ 20 - 20 20 20 22 22 ', i i i I ... i .111" 22 '. , . i i , . , . i . . , i' 22 . i . i i . . . . i i i i i" 10 20 30 } 10 20 30 (} 10 20 30 () 10 20 30 C) 10 20 3 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6 7 8 9 10 6 7 8 9 10 u u Oi i i i i 0| i i i | 0

- . j 5 ID 5 IS.C. '- LLJ - LL - '- 10 PH - I : '- Si 15 - - 15 - O \ I '- '- 20 \ ''"-,. J 20 -j 99 99 0 100 200 300 ~~0 100 200 300 ~~0 100 200 300 0 100 200 300 0 100 200 300 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

58 TOTAL PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION, CHLOROPHYLL a CONCENTRATION, IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER IIN Miixi-iuoiiMivio rcii LI i cr-i SECCHI DEPTH, IN METERS C3 O O O C 3 b b ip c 4* CO N> - C3 C 8 § S 83 < N> CO S 0 i i i . i , C_ c_ c_ Tl Tl Tl - 2 2 2 > > > 2 ~ [ 2 " 2 CO *~ 5 s- w«- ^ 0) 8^ w c- S^ CO §_ > > > coo co CO CO " \ O ~ ] O IS ° z z o o - - - ot c_ c_ Tl Tl - - - w o^ s 2 2 > > n* w > - 2 2 io |- 1" - . - !^ 3 S A > « > " '_ > '_ O fl> co CO CO 03 0 - - - I*- 0. £ ° O o | Q m z Z z Q> IT o O o o 2T o 5* , c_ CD X JJ c- c_ Tl Tl -j O < TI " ~ 0 "2- 52 2 " 2 ~ ft> C5 3D ^ T ^» ^ > > ^ 2 2 2 5r ri 5 *~ 5^ w«- Oi j^ <0 f CO , Jii O 01 01 c- 01CO c,~ 0) 0 > > > - ro co CO CO < 2. o O o z z 8'S | 0 0 - - - c_ c_ Si 4 ~ Tl Tl |» , - ~ - JD 2 2 2 3 > > > °- 2 ; 2 2 (O <~ 0 w<- » «- O) c- "_ " S^ S^ > > > CO CO CO 0 O o z z z o o 1,1,1. 0 453554092042101 KIRBY LAKE NEAR CUMBERLAND, WI

LOCATION.--Lat45035'54", long 92°04'54", in SW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec. 14, T.36 N., R.14 W, Barron County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, approx imately 5 mi northwest of Cumberland. PERIOD OF RECORD.-November 1995 through October 1996 (discontinued). GAGE.--Water-stage recorder set to local arbitrary datum. REMARKS. Records are good. Records for many days before Mar. 13 are missing owing to recording equipment malfunction. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 9.24 ft, May 20, 1996; minimum observed, 7.61 ft, Oct 16.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, NOVEMBER 1995 TO OCTOBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES DAY NOV JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT 1 9.01 .__ 8. 23 8.72 8. 81 8 .90 8.48 8. 07 7.82 2 9.02 .__ 8. 23 8.69 8. 85 8 .97 8.47 8. 05 7.80 3 .__ 8. 23 8.68 8. 84 8 .96 8.45 8. 06 7.78 4 .__ 8. 23 8.66 8. 82 8 .94 8.42 8. 05 7.76 5 68.65 8. 23 8.72 8. 81 8 .91 8.44 8. 04 7.74

" 76 .__ 8. 23 8.74 8. 80 8 .89 8.44 8. 06 7.73 8. 23 8.73 8. 77 8 .87 8.52 8. 05 7.71 8. 23 8.73 8. 75 8 .84 8.49 8. 04 7.70 8. 23 8.72 8. 73 8,.83 8.47 8. 02 7.70 10 8. 20 8.71 8. 71 8..81 8.45 8. 01 7.68

11 .__ 8. 24 8.68 8. 69 8,.78 8.43 8. 00 7.66 12 .__ 8. 31 8.65 8. 68 8,.77 8.41 7. 97 7.65 13 e8.75 19 8. 35 8.63 8. 65 8,.76 8.39 7. 95 7.64 14 68.85 e8.90 19 8. 37 8.63 8. 63 8..74 8.39 7. 93 7.63 15 19 8. 40 8.67 8. 60 8..73 8.36 7. 92 7.62

16 19 8. 45 8.67 8. 61 8..71 8.34 7. 91 7.61 17 19 8. 53 8.67 8. 69 8..69 8.32 7. 89 7.71 18 19 8. 67 8.67 8. 69 8..70 8.31 7 . 88 7.70 19 19 8. 84 9.15 8. 69 8..69 8.29 7. 86 7.68 20 e8.75 18 8. 93 9.24 8. 68 8..66 8.28 7. 85 7.67

21 17 8. 95 9.19 8. 68 8.,64 8.26 7. 84 7.66 22 17 8. 95 9.13 8. 68 8.,62 8.27 7. 84 7.66 23 15 8. 93 9.08 8. 68 8. 59 8.25 7. 83 7.79 24 .45 15 8. 91 9.05 8. 67 8. 58 8.22 7. 83 7.82 25 .45 22 8. 89 9.00 8. 66 8. 56 8.20 7. 81 7.81

26 23 8. 87 8.96 8. 82 8. 55 8.18 7. 82 7.81 27 23 8. 85 8.92 8. 99 8. 54 8.16 7. 85 7.80 28 23 8. 82 8.89 8. 99 8. 55 8.14 7. 85 7.78 29 23 8. 79 8.85 8. 96 8. 53 8.12 7. 84 7.81 30 23 8. 75 8.82 8. 92 8. 51 8.11 7. 83 7.85 31 23 - 8.78 - 8. 50 8.09 - 7.83

MEAN .__ 8. 54 8.82 8. 75 8. 72 8.33 7. 93 7.73 MAX .__ 8. 95 9.24 8. 99 8. 97 8.52 8. 07 7.85 MIN 8. 20 8.63 8. 60 8. 50 8.09 7. 81 7.61

Estimated

60 453608092035801 KIRBY LAKE (SITE 1) NEAR CUMBERLAND, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 45°36'08", long 92°03'58", in NE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.14, T.36 N., R. 14 W, Barron County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, approx imately 5 mi northwest of Cumberland. PERIOD OF RECORD.-November 1995 through November 1996 (discontinued). REMARKS. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. Lake was ice-covered during January and March measure ments.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, NOVEMBER 01, 1995 TO MAY 10, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Nov. 01 Jan. 24 Mar. 14 May 08 May 10 Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 15 2.5 17 4.0 17 1.5 17 1.5 Lake stage (ft) 9.01 8.45 8.19 8.71 Specific conductance (jiS/cm) 30 31 21 23 23 32 33 - pH (units) 5.8 5.6 5.6 Water temperature ( C) 5.5 5.5 2.5 1.5 2.0 12.5 8.5 Secchi-depth (meters) 1.8 1.8 Dissolved oxygen 11.0 11.0 3.2 3.3 2.3 10.5 8.7 Alkalinity, as CaCO3 6 6 7 Chloride, dissolved (Cl) 0.9 Nitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N) 0.08 Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N) ------<0.03 --- Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ------0.60 --- Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N) - - - - 0.60 --- Nitrogen, total (as N) 0.68 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.023 0.022 0.030 0.018 0.024 0.027 0.030 0.023 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L) 6.4 - 7.4

11-01-95 1-24-96 3-14-96 5-8-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 0 10 20 0 10 20 0 10 20 0 10 20 u i i i i i i i U \J - - - - \ K W.T. LU 5 5 -I 5 -i 5 LU . _ _ _ _ . LL ...... Z - D.O. : - - - t"10 - - 10 - - 10 - 10 : Q- - / - LU ~m t Q ; - - 15 15 15 _ 15 '. i : I / : m *,,,,!,,, I'll'" -4 O i i i i i i i i i I i i i i 4 O , , , , I . . . . l . . . . 10 i i i i I i i i i i i i i 18 o 10 20 30 '"O 10 20 30 '"o 10 20 30 '°0 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 567 8 9 10 ^5 6 7 8 9 10 ,,5 6 7 8 9 10 ,,5 6 7 8 9 10 0 U U u PH : - LU 5 5 - 5 - 5 - LU s.c. - LL _ . . Z - 110 10 - - 10 - 10 - Q. '_ ~_ . LU Q _ _ . 15 15 - - 15 - 15

10 i i i i 10 , , 10 i i i i 1« i i i i 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

61 453608092035801 KIRBY LAKE (SITE 1) NEAR CUMBERLAND, WI-CONTINUED

WATER-QUALITY DATA, JUNE 27 TO NOVEMBER 06,1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) June 27 June 29 July 25 Aug. 22 Nov. 06 Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 18 18 1.5 17 1.5 17 1.5 Lake stage (ft) 8. 99 8 .96 8. 56 8. 27 7.81 Specific conductance (US/cm) 16 29 29 33 45 19 39 pH (units) 5.5 5 .6 5 .6 6.2 5 .6 6.7 6 .0 6.1 Water temperature ( C) 21.5 13 .5 13 .5 22.5 14 .5 24.5 15 .5 3.3 Secchi-depth (meters) 1. 7 -- - 2. 0 2. 0 2.0 Dissolved oxygen 7.7 0 .0 0 .0 7.3 0 .1 7.9 0 .2 12.0 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.042 - -- 0 .054 0.024 0 .081 0.025 0 .042 0.025 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton 5.3 - - 5.7 - 4.3 - --

6-27-96 7-25-96 8-22-96 11-6-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER

o c) 10 20 « c 10 20 «c) 10 20 JJ 10 2 0 i i i i i i 0 0 i i i I

: D.O./ fc 5 - 5 5 - 5 - UJ '-/ u_ z DEPTH,I - - - 0 10 10 / 10

V.T. - 15 ,* 15 15 15 - J ' : ! ': : n i i i i I I , , i ," 10 10 1C 1ft 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

ARD PH, IN STANDARD UNITS Oi567 \ i 8i i9 i10 Oi56789 i i i i i10 Oi56 i 7i 8i i9 i10 0 5 6 7 8 9 10

X10 10 10 10 a. UJ Q 15

18 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

62 453601092035301 KIRBY LAKE (SITE 2) NEAR CUMBERLAND, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 45°36'01", long 92°03'53", in NE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.14, T.36 N., R. 14 W, Barren County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, approx imately 5 mi northwest of Cumberland. PERIOD OF RECORD.-November 1995 through November 1996 (discontinued). REMARKS. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. Lake was ice-covered during measurements.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, JANUARY 23 AND MARCH 13, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Jan. 2 3 Mar. 13 Depth of sample (ft) 2.0 10 3.0 9.0 Lake stage (ft) 8.45 8 .19 Specific conductance (US/cm) 21 21 23 22 pH (units) 6.8 6.2 5.8 5.7 Water temperature (°C) 0.5 2.0 1.5 1.5 Secchi-depth (meters) Dissolved oxygen 5.8 5.2 3.3 3.0 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.018 0.017 0.027 0.023

1-23-96 3-13-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 u u

2 r W.T - 2 - - - LLJ LLJ 4 _ 4 - - LL D.O. Z ~ 6 _ 6 - - I - 8 - - Q . 10 - 10 -

, , I , . , , I i i i i 19 12 10 20 30 ) 10 20 3 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 5 6 8 9 10 5 6 8 9 10 u 1 1 1 1

2 - - PH - - s.c. 4 6 - -

8 - -

10 - -

19 1 1 1 1 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

63 453612092034901 KIRBY LAKE (SITE 3) NEAR CUMBERLAND, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 45°36'12", long 92°03'49", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.14, T.36 N., R.14 W., Barron County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, approx imately 5 mi northwest of Cumberland. PERIOD OF RECORD.-November 1995 through November 1996 (discontinued). REMARKS. Lake was ice-covered during measurements.

1-23-96 3-13-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 o () 10 2

W.T. - tn 2 2 4 4 - -

6 D.O. 6 - - - - QJ 8

10 10 -

12 12 c 10 20 30 ) 10 20 3 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 8 9 10 5 6 7 8 9 10 u u i i i i

2 - - 2 - -

uj 4 h 4 - - u. s.c. ~ z f 6 6 - -

5] 8 - 8 - - a PH ~ 10 10 - -

19 i i i 10 i i i i 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

64 453603092035701 KIRBY LAKE (SITE 4) NEAR CUMBERLAND, WI LOCATION.--Lat 45°36'03", long 92°03'57", in NE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.14, T.36 N., R.14 W., Barren County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, approx imately 5 mi northwest of Cumberland. PERIOD OF RECORD.-November 1995 through November 1996 (discontinued). REMARKS. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. Lake was ice-covered during measurements.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, JANUARY 24 AND MARCH 14, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Jan. 24 Mar. 14 Depth of sample (ft) 2.0 3.0 Lake stage (ft) 8.45 8.19 Specific conductance 21 23 pH (units) 5.9 5.8 Water temperature (°C) 2.0 1.5 Secchi-depth (meters) Dissolved oxygen 5.1 3.1 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.020 0.023

1-24-96 3-14-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 u - D.O. 111 ^ _ _ in ° . . LL . . z - - '-> t" 10 - 10 a. W.T. ; HI ~ 0 \ 15 - - 15 "111 1ft , i , , , , i , , , ,* 18 0 10 20 30 '0 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6 7 8 9 10 6 7 8 9 10 u

fc 5 - - B.C. LU U. PH I 10 - - 10

Lil Q

15 ~ 15

10 1 1 1 1 18 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

65 453608092041201 KIRBY LAKE (SITE 5) NEAR CUMBERLAND, WI LOCATION.~Lat 45°36'08", long 92°041 12", in NW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.14, T.36 N., R.14 W, Barron County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, approximately 5 mi northwest of Cumberland. PERIOD OF RECORD.-November 1995 through November 1996 (discontinued). REMARKS. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. Lake was ice-covered during measurements.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, JANUARY 24 AND MARCH 13, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Jan. 24 Mar. 13 Depth of sample (ft) 2.0 12 3.0 10 Lake stage (ft) 8.45 8.19 Specific conductance (US/cm) 21 48 22 30 pH (units) 6.1 5.8 5.8 5.8 Water temperature ( C) 0.5 4.0 2.0 3.5 Secchi-depth (meters) Dissolved oxygen 5.4 0.0 2.8 0.0 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.025 0.037 0.030 0.060

1-24-96 3-13-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 u

2 -

4 "1 6 f 8 K

10 - : "c , , , , i , , , , i , , , , ) 10 20 3 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6 7 8 9 10 7 8 9 10 u u III!

2 - - 2 - -

Hitz 4. - 4 - - Li. s.c. ~ z ~. 6 - - 6 - -

- S] 8 8 - \ Q PH " 10 - .v 10 - :

19 i i * . 10 1 1 1 1 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

66 453555092040901 KIRBY LAKE (SITE 6) NEAR CUMBERLAND, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 45°35'55", long 92°04'09", in SW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec. 14, T.36 N., R. 14 W, Barren County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, approx imately 5 mi northwest of Cumberland. PERIOD OF RECORD.-November 1995 through November 1996 (discontinued). REMARKS. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. Lake was ice-covered during measurements.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, JANUARY 24 AND MARCH 13,1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Jan. 24 Mar. 13 Depth of sample (ft) 2.0 8.0 3.0 7.0 Lake stage (ft) 8. 45 8. 19 Specific conductance ((is/cm) 21 22 23 24 pH (units) 5.9 5.7 5.9 5.8 Water temperature ( C) 0.5 2.5 1.0 1.5 Secchi-depth (meters) Dissolved oxygen 6.0 0.6 3.4 1.4 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.025 0.019 0.024 0.023

1-24-96 3-13-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 u u W.T. 2 r i ~ 2 t! _ ffi 4 ~ 4 z / : ~ 6 _ 6 I 5.O. 2] 8 - 8 Q y 10 - 10

iv , , , , i , , , . i , , , , 12 10 20 30 ) 10 20 a WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 7 8 9 10 5 6 7 8 9 10 u

2 - -

UJ 4 - Li- s.c. ~ DEPTH,lf> O>00

. F>H 10 - 10 i i i i 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

67 05427235 LAKE KOSHKONONG NEAR NEWVILLE, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42051'27", long 88°56'27", in NW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.34, T.5 N., R.I3 E., Jefferson County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, 80 ft east of Pottawatomi Trail Bridge at Bingham Point Estates, and 4.5 mi northeast of Newville. DRAINAGE AREA.~2,560 mi2, at lake outlet. Area of Lake Koshkonong, 16.3 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.--July 1987 to current year. GAGE. Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 770.00 ft above sea level. REMARKS. No estimated daily gage heights. Records good. Lake level regulated by dam at Indianford. Gage-height telemeter at station. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum recorded gage height, 12.23 ft, Apr. 25, 1993; minimum recorded, 5.40 ft, Dec. 26, 27, 1989. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum recorded gage height, 10.70 ft, June 23; minimum recorded, 5.88 ft, Jan. 16.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES

OCT NOV DEC MAY JUN AUG SEP 1 6.25 7.49 7.51 6.13 7.22 7.57 7.32 7.79 7.40 10.23 6.71 6.14 2 6.27 7.67 7.48 6.10 7.18 7.63 7.29 7.80 7.46 10.11 6.63 6.14 3 6.31 7.81 7.47 6.08 7.16 7.66 7.30 7.80 7.45 9.97 6.55 6.14 4 6.32 7.91 7.45 6.06 7.13 7.67 7.31 7.77 7.42 9.81 6.44 6.10 5 6.32 7.99 7.42 6.04 7.11 7.66 7.27 7.73 7.34 9.66 6.35 6.08

6 6.53 8.08 7.37 6.02 7.07 7.61 7.27 7.69 7.30 9.50 6.41 6.08 7 6.75 8.17 7.28 6.00 7.04 7.55 7.27 7.62 7.49 9.36 6.43 6.14 8 6.94 8.19 7.21 5.98 6.99 7.50 7.25 7.59 7.70 9.20 6.45 6.17 9 7.14 8.15 7.15 5.96 6.95 7.45 7.24 7.58 7.95 9.04 6.44 6.18 10 7.25 8.21 7.10 5.94 6.97 7.39 7.22 7.64 8.21 8.88 6.43 6.12

11 7.32 8.29 7.03 5.94 7.07 7.34 7.21 7.65 8.45 8.72 6.42 6.11 12 7.36 8.22 6.98 5.93 7.17 7.28 7.19 7.66 8.59 8.58 6.40 6.11 13 7.38 8.20 6.92 5.92 7.27 7.25 7.18 7.70 8.67 8.48 6.37 6.11 14 7.40 8.17 6.88 5.91 7.35 7.27 7.12 7.72 8.69 8.38 6.34 6.11 15 7.38 8.14 6.81 5.89 7.39 7.34 7.16 7.78 8.66 8.25 6.29 6.10 16 7.34 8.13 6.75 5.89 7.41 7.39 7.19 7.81 8.63 8.12 6.23 6.11 17 7.29 8.11 6.69 5.90 7.42 7.43 7.20 7.84 8.74 7.98 6.19 6.11 18 7.28 8.11 6.64 6.02 7.40 7.47 7.25 7.88 9.19 7.93 6.15 6.10 19 7.25 8.10 6.58 6.26 7.38 7.48 7.36 7.89 9.64 7.86 6.13 6.09 20 7.25 8.08 6.54 6.52 7.33 7.46 7.47 7.92 10.00 7.68 6.14 6.08

21 7.21 8.09 6.50 6.74 7.28 7.45 7.55 7.94 10.27 7.57 6.13 6.13 22 7.18 8.05 6.46 6.93 7.24 7.44 7.66 7.94 10.47 7.49 6.15 6.13 23 7.14 8.00 6.41 7.07 7.21 7.42 7.70 7.92 10.57 7.44 6.15 6.12 24 7.18 7.93 6.38 7.17 7.21 7.41 7.74 7.85 10.66 7.40 6.14 6.10 25 7.14 7.88 6.35 7.22 7.22 7.42 7.76 7.79 10.65 7.35 6.15 6.07

26 7.12 7.85 6.31 7.27 7.24 7.42 7.82 7.73 10.63 7.27 6.14 6.11 27 7.20 7.86 6.27 7.29 7.31 7.40 7.78 7.66 10.59 7.16 6.12 6.19 28 7.26 7.76 6.23 7.28 7.39 7.39 7.74 7.63 10.53 7.06 6.10 6.17 29 7.31 7.62 6.20 7.27 7.48 7.37 7.76 7.59 10.45 6.98 6.12 6.15 30 7.35 7.55 6.17 7.26 ___ 7.36 7.80 7.53 10.36 6.90 6.11 6.11 31 7.39 6.15 7.24 7.35 7.45 6.79 6.13 ___ MEAN 7.06 7.99 6.80 6.43 7.23 7.45 7.41 7.74 9.01 8.30 6.29 6.12 MAX 7.40 8.29 7.51 7.29 7.48 7.67 7.82 7.94 10.66 10.23 6.71 6.19 MIN 6.25 7.49 6.15 5.89 6.95 7.25 7.12 7.45 7.30 6.79 6.10 6.07

68 455446089370300 LITTLE ARBOR VITAE LAKE NEAR WOODRUFF, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 45°54'46" long 89°37'03", in SW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.28, T.40 N., R.7 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001,4 mi north east of Woodruff. LAKE-STAGE RECORDS PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1991 to current year. GAGE.-Staff gage read by Glyn A. Roberts. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 8.00 ft, Sept. 16, 1994; minimum observed, 7.72 ft, Feb. 28, June 12,1991, and Oct. 13, 1994. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.~Maximum gage height observed, 7.96 ft, Aug. 5; minimum observed, 7.80 ft, Sept. 2.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES )AY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 ______7.92 ______2 7.90 ______7.80 3 7.88 ______4 ______7.88 ___ 7.82 ___ 5 ___ --- 7.86 7.96 7.82

6 ___ 7.84 7.84 7.84 ______7 ___ 7.83 7.92 7.82 ___ 8 7.90 ______9 7.86 ___ 7.87 ___ 7.82 10 7.84 7.82

11 ______7.82 ___ 7.90 7.84 ___ 12 ______7.86 7.84 7.81 ______7.90 7.84 13 ___ 7.86 ______7.88 ______14 ______7.87 15 7.88 --- ___

16 ___ 7.84 ___ 7.84 7.82 ___ 7.88 ___ 7.86 ______17 ______7.84 ______7.84 ___ 18 ___ 7.84 ______7.90 ___ 7.84 7.84 19 ______--- 20 7.86 --- 7.84 7.88 --- ___ 7.84

21 ___ 7.84 ___ 7.84 ______22 ___ 7.84 ___ . 7.84 7.86 7.84 --- 23 ___ 7.84 ______7.90 ______24 ______7.88 ___ 7.83 25 7.84 7.83

26 7.88 7.84 ______7.84 ___ 7.84 27 ______7.84 --- 28 ______7.84 7.86 7.92 ______29 ______7.84 7.88 30 ___ 7.84 ______7.92 ___ 7.84 ___ 7.82 7.82 31 7.88 7.84 7.83 7.86 7.88 7.86

69 455446089370300 LITTLE ARBOR VITAE LAKE NEAR WOODRUFF, WI-CONTINUED

WATER-QUALITY RECORDS PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1991 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during March measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MARCH 12 TO AUGUST 14, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Mar. 12 May 16 June 25 July 26 Aug. 14 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 28 1 .5 28 1.5 27 1.5 27 1.5 32 Lake stage (ft) 7.81 7. 86 7. 83 7. 84 7. 87 Specific conductance (^.S/cm) 125 258 97 114 105 144 109 185 105 291 pH (units) 7.5 8.0 7 .6 7 .2 8.1 7.1 8.4 7.2 8.7 7.7 Water temperature ( C) 1.0 6.0 8. 5 5 .5 20.5 13.0 21.5 15.0 22.5 14.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) 15 30 ______Turbidity (NTU) 2 .0 7 .0 ______Secchi-depth (meters) ___ 1. 5 1. 7 1. 6 1. 0 Dissolved oxygen 7.2 0.2 12 .0 8 .6 9.7 0.2 9.3 0.2 9.9 0.2 Hardness, as CaC03 46 54 ___ Calcium, dissolved (Ca) 13 15 ______Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) 3 .4 4 .0 ___ Sodium, dissolved (Na) 2 .4 2 .5 ______Potassium, dissolved (K) 0 .7 0 .9 ___ Alkalinity, as CaC03 47 58 ______Sulfate, dissolved (S04) 6 .0 7 .0 ______Chloride, dissolved (Cl) 2 .7 2 .6 ______Fluoride, dissolved (F) <0 .1 0 .1 --- Silica, dissolved (Si02) 9 .6 12 ______--- Solids, dissolved, at 180°C ___ 72 86 ______Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) ___ 0 .07 0 .01 ______Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)t ) <0 .03 0 .43 ______Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) 0 .50 0 .47 ______Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)f) ___ 0 .50 0 .90 ______Nitrogen, total (as N) 0 .57 0 .91 ______Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .035 0 .061 0.023 0.026 0.302 0.029 0.16 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P),) ___ 0 .004 0 .009 ______Iron, dissolved (Fe) \ig/L ___ 170 630 Manganese, dissolved (Mn) (ig/L 210 480 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (\ig/L),) 17 - 15 15 43 ---

3-12-96 5-16-96 6-25-96 7-26-96 8-14-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 10 10 20 10 20 U u 1 ' ' ' 1 ' ' § ' ' - :' ' j ' ' ' :

8 ' I i 8 -_ m W.T. I : ~~-16 16 - 16 16 / : I \ 1 ^ m Q 24 24 - / D.O. j 24 24 -_

, , , , 1 , , ',' , i , , , , - 32 so i i i i i i i i i i i- 32 32 39 £ 10 20 30 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 ) 10 20 3 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 789 10 Oc6789 i i i 310 Oc6789 i i i n10 Oc6 7 i 8i i9 310 0 6 7 8 9 10 u 1 « i i ; 1- ft ~: HI o HI H. : ~Z 16 - -i 16 16 16 16

£ V S.C. : HI v »»% - Q 24 24 24 24 24 PfA \ 1

V3 32 32 32 32 0 100 200 300 " 0 100 200 300 0 100 200 300 0 100 200 300 0 100 200 300 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

70 TOTAL PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION, CHLOROPHYLL a CONCENTRATION, IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER pope SECCHI DEPTH, IN METERS ro *. o> b b b c A o i\> - o o o o o ro *. 55 o

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w- co 8 0) i g. 434412088590700 LITTLE GREEN LAKE, AT CENTER, NEAR MARKESAN, WI

LOCATION«Lat 43°44'12", long 88°59'07", in SW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.29, T.15 N., R.13 E., Green Lake County, Hydrologic Unit 04030201, 2 mi north of Markesan. PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1991 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 13 TO AUGUST 22, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 13 May 02 June 06 July 22 Aug. 22 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 24 1 .5 26 1.5 26 1.5 26 1.5 24 Lake stage (ft) 6. 47 6. 39 6. 51 6. 24 Specific conductance (H.S/CTI) 406 433 344 343 311 337 337 410 315 422 pH (units) 7.6 7.5 8 .2 8 .2 8.4 7.5 8.6 7.8 8.8 7.2 Water temperature ( C) 2.0 4.0 9. 0 9 .0 17.0 14.5 23.5 17.5 24.5 20.5 Color (Pt-Co. scale) --- ___ 10 15 ___ --- Turbidity (NTU) --- ___ 1 .00 1 .4 ______--- Secchi-depth (meters) 3 .3 4 .8 2 .3 1 .1 Dissolved oxygen 10.3 0.2 10 .4 9 .7 8.9 0.7 7.7 0.1 8.9 0.1 Hardness, as CaC03 --- 160 160 ______Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ 31 31 ______Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ---- 21 21 --- Sodium, dissolved (Na) ______7 .0 6 .6 ______Potassium, dissolved (K) ___ 4 4 ______Alkalinity, as CaC03 ___ 160 160 ______Sulfate, dissolved (S04) ___ 9 .0 9 .0 ______Chloride, dissolved (Cl) ___ 15 15 ______Fluoride, dissolved (F) --- 0 .1 0 .1 --- ______--- Silica, dissolved (Si02) ___ 1 .0 1 .0 ------Solids, dissolved, at 180 C 196 196 ______Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) 0 .06 0 .06 ------Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N) ___ <0 .03 <0 .03 ______Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N) ___ 0 .70 0 .70 ___ Nitrogen, total (as N) ___ 0 .76 0 .76 ______Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .040 0 .040 0.046 0.116 0.187 0.522 0.124 1.1 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P) 0 .004 0 .005 ___ Iron, dissolved (Fe) H-g/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) (ig/L ___ 1 1 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton --- 9 .4 - -- 3.9 24 ___ 59 ---

2-13-96 5-2-96 6-6-96 7-22-96 8-22-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 .0 10 20 .0 10 20 10 20 u : ' ' 1 ' ' ' : u

5 r -. 5 : W.T. UJ10 10 -. 10 ') ~z 15 15 r 15 D.O. ": 20 - -_ 20 -_

25 - -_ 25 -.

in nn , , , , I , . . . I . . . .- 10 20 30 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 10 10 8 10 10 10 u 1 1 ' u ', ' 1 u j ' 1

5 _ _; i~sc -j 5 j- -_ i 5 ft - '- UJ10 - -_ 10 -| 10 - -_ Z - ~1 15 - _ 15 r -_ 15 -_ I - &20 r \ -^ 20 r pH J 20 -_ O : *, ~ 25 r 25 r -. 25 « \ in in : , i in N 300 350 400 450 350 400 450 300 350 400 450 350 400 450 350 400 450 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

72 CHLOROPHYLL a CONCENTRATION, TOTAL PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION, IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER SECCHI DEPTH, IN METERS p p p p p o en o en o en

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55' o O 3 O 0) l§ ? Q. 425425088083500 LITTLE MUSKEGO LAKE AT MUSKEGO, WI LOCATION.-Lat 42°54'25", long 88°08'35", in SE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.9, T.5 N., R.20 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, at Muskego. DRAINAGE AREA.-11.6 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1986 to current year. LAKE-STAGE GAGE.-Datum of gage is 693.40 ft above sea level. REMARKS. Lake sampled about 1,000 ft north-northwest of dam outlet at the deep hole. An aeration system was operated from April to November for the years 1987-91. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. Prior to October 1987, published under station number 425450088083500. WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 06 TO AUGUST 20, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) FebFeb. 06 May 07 June 12 July 24 Aug . 20 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 63 1 .5 65 1.5 67 1.5 67 1.5 67 Lake stage (ft) Specific conductance 737 900 806 811 799 829 688 834 707 840 pH (units) 8.0 7.5 8 .4 8 .0 8.3 7.6 8.5 7.5 8.0 7.4 Water temperature (°C) 3.5 3.0 10. 5 8 .5 18.5 9.5 24.0 9.0 24.5 9.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) 20 20 ______--- ______Turbidity (NTU) 5 .1 2 .3 ______Secchi-depth (meters) -- - 1 .0 3. 2 1.3 2 .0 Dissolved oxygen 13.8 3.2 11 .7 7 .8 10.6 0.6 9.7 0.6 7.4 0.5 Hardness, as CaCO3 280 270 --- Calcium, dissolved (Ca) 53 53 ___ Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) 35 34 Sodium, dissolved (Na) 56 54 Alkalinity, as CaCO3 ___ 210 210 Sulfate, dissolved (SO4) ___ 41 40 Chloride, dissolved (CD ___ 110 110 Fluoride, dissolved (F) ___ 0 .1 0 .1 Silica, dissolved (SiO2) ___ 0 .0 0 .9 ______Solids, dissolved, at 180 C 454 454 ______Nitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N) 0 .17 0 .20 ______Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)0 <0 .03 0 .43 --- ______--- Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) 0 .81 0 .65 ______Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)0 0 .81 1 .1 --- ______Nitrogen, total (as N) 0 .98 1 .3 ___ --- ______--- Phosphorus, total (as P) 0 .037 0 .054 0.016 0.157 0.020 0.278 0.016 0.31 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)>> <0 .002 0 .005 ______Iron, dissolved (Fe) (ig/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) fig/L ______<0 .4 57 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L),) ___ 32 - -- 7.4 13 8.5

2-6-96 5-7-96 6-12-96 7-24-96 8-20-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 10 20 10 20 10 20 0 10 2 u 0 ' j ' ' / 15 15 r^.J- ~\^ ~

30 / 30 /

45 45 -

60 60 70c ,,,,!,,,,- 70c 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 3 10 20 3 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 10 oe5 7 8 9 1 u u 1 u u '*. V ' ' ': i i i : ' 1 ' - \ 1 PH - - - h- 15 - s.c. \ i 15 15 15 ***! 15 " **%*5 01 i )*** - 01 \ 1 - - o. \J n " - - - - - Z 30 !* 30 30 30 30 \ - - r - I 1 \ _ _ - - - £ 45 \ 45 45 - 45 - 45 I 01 i » a - 1 - - - - 60 f \ - 60 , 60 - 60 60 I ; 1 70 i i 70 , , vn vn , 1 70 , 6i50 750 850 9£50 6!50 750 850 95 350 750 850 950 650 750 850 950 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS 74 U.1U .'""""" '""""" 9 '"""" "'"""" """" 1 " 1""""" """"'" """"'" '""""" " 1 """" 1M11111111_ g f£°-08 - Z 1- UJ j

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*~ 0 ", ,,,,,,,,,,, ,*, , ,,' ,.,,,, , ,,*.,,A , **, , , *, ," ; 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

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1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

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1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Little Muskego Lake at Muskego, Wisconsin.

75 455946089415702 LITTLE ROCK LAKE NEAR WOODRUFF, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 45°59'46", long 89041'57", in NW 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.36, T.41 N., R.6 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001,7 mi north of Woodruff, 800 ft west of U.S. Highway 51, and 200 ft southeast of boat landing. DRAINAGE AREA.-0.22 mi2. Area of lake, 0.07 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1983 to current year. GAGE.--Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 1,600.00 ft above sea level. REMARKS. Records good. Lake does not have surface inlet or outlet. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum observed gage height, 28.10 ft, Apr. 7-9, 1986; minimum observed gage height, 25.06 ft, Aug. 8,1990. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum observed gage height, 27.57 ft, May 20 and Aug. 7; minimum observed gage height, 26.66ft, Oct. 1, and 3-5.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP

1 26.66 26.87 26.87 26.88 27.02 27.01 27.07 27.39 27.43 27.44 27.53 27.35 2 26.67 26.91 26.87 26.88 27.02 27.00 27.07 27.39 27.46 27.48 27.52 27.33 3 26.66 26.91 26.87 26.88 27.02 27.00 27.07 27.40 27.47 27.47 27.51 27.33 4 26.66 26.90 26.86 26.87 27.01 27.00 27.07 27.40 27.47 27.46 27.50 27.40 5 26.66 26.86 26.86 27.00 27.00 27.07 27.40 27.46 27.44 27.52 27.40

6 26.73 26.89 26.86 26.87 27.00 26.99 27.07 27.42 27.47 27.44 27.55 27.40 7 26.82 26.88 26.85 26.86 27.01 26.99 27.06 27.42 27.47 27.46 27.57 27.39 8 26.82 26.87 26.85 26.86 27.01 26.98 27.06 27.42 27.46 27.45 27.56 27.38 9 26.82 26.87 26.86 26.87 27.00 26.98 27.06 27.43 27.45 27.44 27.54 27.36 10 26.82 26.88 26.86 26.87 27.02 26.97 27.06 27.43 27.44 27.42 27.53 27.35

11 26.81 26.87 26.86 26.88 27.02 26.97 27.07 27.43 27.44 27.41 27.51 27.35 12 26.80 26.86 26.87 26.88 27.01 26.97 27.10 27.43 27.44 27.45 27.50 27.34 13 26.80 26.86 26.92 26.88 27.01 26.97 27.13 27.42 27.44 27.48 27.50 27.32 14 26.79 26.86 26.92 26.87 27.01 26.97 27.14 27.42 27.42 27.48 27.49 27.30 15 26.79 26.86 26.92 26.86 27.01 26.97 27.14 27.42 27.40 27.48 27.49 27.29

16 26.79 26.85 26.92 26.85 26.99 26.96 27.15 27.42 27.39 27.48 27.49 27.29 17 26.78 26.85 26.93 26.86 27.00 26.96 27.15 27.42 27.38 27.47 27.48 27.27 18 26.78 26.85 26.92 26.97 27.00 26.96 27.17 27.41 27.38 27.49 27.47 27.26 19 26.77 26.85 26.92 27.03 27.00 26.96 27.22 27.55 27.38 27.50 27.46 27.25 20 26.77 26.85 26.91 27.02 27.00 26.95 27.23 27.57 27.38 27.49 27.47 27.24

21 26.78 26.84 26.90 27.02 26.99 26.95 27.24 27.56 27.37 27.48 27.46 27.24 22 26.78 26.84 26.89 27.03 26.98 26.94 27.27 27.55 27.38 27 .47 27.48 27.25 23 26.80 26.84 26.89 27.02 26.99 26.94 27.28 27.55 27.38 27.45 27.47 27.25 24 26.88 26.84 26.89 27.02 27.00 26.98 27.29 27.52 27.38 27.45 27.46 27.27 25 26.88 26.84 26.89 27.01 26.99 27.07 27.32 27.51 27.38 27.45 27.44 27.27

26 26.88 26.85 26.89 27.02 26.99 27.08 27.35 27.51 27.43 27.44 27.43 27.26 27 26.88 26.86 26.89 27.03 27.02 27.07 27.35 27.49 27.47 27.43 27.41 27.30 28 26.87 26.85 26.88 27.03 27.02 27.07 27.35 27.48 27.47 27.52 27.40 27.30 29 26.87 26.85 26.88 27.04 26.98 27.07 27.35 27.46 27.47 27.54 27.39 27.29 30 26.87 26.86 26.88 27.03 27.07 27.38 27.45 27.45 27.54 27.37 27.28 31 26.86 26.88 27.03 27.08 27.43 27.54 27.36

MEAN 26.79 26.86 26.89 26.94 27.00 27.00 27.18 27.45 27.43 27.47 27.48 27.31 MAX 26.88 26.91 26.93 27.04 27.02 27.08 27.38 27.57 27.47 27.54 27.57 27.40 MIN 26.66 26.84 26.85 26.85 26.98 26.94 27.06 27.39 27.37 27.41 27.36 27.24

76 05390700 LITTLE ST. GERMAIN LAKE NEAR EAGLE RIVER, WI

LOCATION--Lat 45°53'55", long 89°27'10", in SW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.35, T.40 R, R.8 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001,9.6 mi west of Eagle River. DRAINAGE AREA.-19.0 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.--October 1990 to current year. GAGE.-Staff gage mounted on the dam wall at lake outlet. Datum of gage is 1,600 ft, above sea level. REMARKS. Lake level controlled at the dam outlet. COOPERATION.-Gage readings furnished by Wisconsin Valley Improvement Company. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 13.94 ft, Aug. 14 and Oct. 7,1995, and Aug. 7,1996; minimum observed, 12.00 ft, Jan. 3 and Feb. 3,1992. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT PERIOD.- WATER YEAR 1995.--Maximum gage height observed, 13.94 ft, Aug. 14; minimum observed, 12.28 ft, Mar. 10. WATER YEAR 1996.~Maximum gage height observed, 13.94 ft, Oct. 7 and Aug. 7; minimum observed, 12.18 ft, Feb. 6.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1994 TO SEPTEMBER 1995 DAILY MEAN VALUES OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 13.74 13.70 13.24 12.70 12.50 12.32 12.68 13.16 13.78 13.68 13.72 13.72 2 13.74 13.70 13.22 ___ 12.68 13.18 13.76 13.66 13.70 13.70 3 13.76 13.70 12.68 12.48 12.30 12.70 13.16 13.76 13.64 13.70 13.70 4 13.76 13.72 ______12.76 13.18 13.74 13.62 13.70 13.70 5 13.76 13.72 12.76 13.20 13.74 13.62 13.70 13.70

6 13.74 13.72 13.12 12.62 ______12.78 13.18 13.72 13.62 13.70 13.68 7 13.76 13.74 12.46 12.30 12.78 13.18 13.72 13.64 13.76 13.68 8 13.74 13.74 ______12.80 13.20 13.72 13.62 13.74 13.68 9 13.70 13.74 13.02 ___ 12.82 13.30 13.70 13.62 13.74 13.66 10 13.70 12.60 12.46 12.28 12.82 13.34 13.72 13.62 13.74 13.66 11 13.68 13.64 ______12.84 13.36 13.72 13.62 13.74 13.64 12 13.68 ______12.88 13.36 13.70 13.60 13.74 13.64 13 13.66 13.64 12.96 12.58 12.32 12.92 13.38 13.70 13.68 13.88 13.62 14 13.66 ______12.40 12.38 12.90 13.46 13.70 13.68 13.94 13.62 15 13.66 13.56 12.38 12.92 13.50 13.70 13.72 13.88 13.62

16 13.66 ___ 12.86 ______12.40 12.92 13.54 13.68 13.76 13.82 13.66 17 13.72 ______12.56 12.40 12.40 12.94 13.58 13.68 13.74 13.76 13.66 18 13.76 13.48 ______12.42 12.94 13.60 13.68 13.82 13.70 13.66 19 13.80 ______12.44 13.08 13.68 13.68 13.78 13.74 13.66 20 13.78 13.48 12.80 12.58 12.50 13.08 13.60 13.68 13.76 13.74 13.68

21 13.78 ______12.38 12.56 13.10 13.60 13.66 13.76 13.74 13.68 22 13.80 13.40 ______12.58 13.10 13.58 13.66 13.72 13.72 13.70 23 13.80 ___ 12.72 _.._ 12.60 13.10 13.66 13.66 13.70 13.72 13.70 24 13.74 ___ 12.56 12.36 12.60 13.12 13.68 13.66 13.70 13.70 13.68 25 13.72 13.36 12.60 13.10 13.68 13.64 13.70 13.70 13.68 26 13.70 ______12.62 13.12 13.68 13.62 13.70 13.84 13.68 27 13.68 ___ 12.72 12.52 12.62 13.14 13.68 13.62 13.70 13.80 13.68 28 13.68 ___ 12.32 12.64 13.12 13.74 13.62 13.76 13.74 13.66 29 13.66 13.28 ______12.66 13.14 13.76 13.68 13.74 13.72 13.66 30 13.66 12.70 ______12.66 13.14 13.78 13.68 13.72 13.72 13.74 31 13.68 ___ 12.50 12.66 --- 13.78 13.70 13.72 ___

MEAN 13.72 ______12.94 13.48 13.69 13.69 13.75 13.67 MAX 13.80 ______13.14 13.78 13.78 13.82 13.94 13.74 MIN 13.66 ___ 12.68 13.16 13.62 13.60 13.70 13.62

77 05390700 LITTLE ST. GERMAIN LAKE NEAR EAGLE RIVER, WI--CONTINUED

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES DAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 13.78 13.74 13.60 12.72 12.26 12.40 12.70 13.86 13.70 13.72 13.74 13.70 2 13.78 13.80 12.72 12.24 12.76 13.84 13.76 13.76 13.72 13.72 3 13.84 13.80 13.82 13.76 13.74 13.70 13.72 4 13.82 13.78 13.82 13.78 13.74 13.72 13.78 5 13.80 13.76 13.50 12.68 12.40 12.80 13.82 13.82 13.72 13.72 13.80 6 13.90 13.76 12.18 13 .86 13 .84 13 .72 13 .86 13 .82 7 13.94 13.78 13 .88 13 .87 13 .76 13 .94 13 .82 8 13.88 13.80 13.42 12.42 13 .88 13 .86 13 .80 13 .84 13 .80 9 13.86 13.80 12.64 12.22 12 .84 13 .90 13 .84 13 .80 13 .74 13 .78 10 13.82 13.82 - 13 .88 13 .84 13 .76 13 .76 13 .74

11 13.72 13.80 ______13 .82 13 .84 13 .72 13 .76 13 .78 12 13.76 13.80 13.24 12.58 12.40 12 .86 13 .80 13 .88 13 .78 13 .76 13 .76 13 13.78 13.78 12.26 ___ 13 .80 13 .82 13 .80 13 .78 13 .76 14 13.78 13.78 ___ 13 .74 13 .78 13 .78 13,.76 13 .74 15 13.78 13.18 12.40 13 .72 13 .72 13 .78 13..78 13 .74

16 13.76 12.42 12.30 ___ 13 .04 13 .72 13 .72 13 .78 13..78 13 .72 17 13.72 13.70 ___ 13 .70 13 .72 13..78 13..76 13 .70 18 13.74 12.42 13 .70 13 .76 13 .88 13..76 13 .68 19 13.76 13.14 12.40 ___ 13 .18 13 .74 13 .74 13..84 13..74 13 .68 20 13.78 12.32 13..72 13 .74 13 .76 13..74 13 .66 21 13.80 13.68 ___ 13 .28 13 .70 13 .72 13..72 13..74 13 .66 22 13.80 13.08 12.44 13 .34 13 .70 13 .78 13..72 13..82 13 .70 23 13.76 12.44 12.34 ___ 13 .36 13 .70 13 .74 13,.74 13,.76 13 .70 24 13.86 13.66 ___ 13 .42 13 .70 13 .78 13..76 13..70 13 .70 25 13.84 13 .48 13..68 13 .74 13,.76 13,.70 13 .70 26 13.84 12.90 12.36 12.58 13 .62 13..66 13 .74 13..74 13..74 13 .70 27 13.82 12.36 12.62 13 .72'.68 13..68 13 .82 13..72 13..72 13 .72 28 13.82 13.64 ___ 13 13 .68 13 .84 13,.74 13,.70 13 .72 29 13.80 13.64 12.80 12.66 13 .80 13 .68 13 .80 13,.78 13,.70 13 .74 30 13.76 12.28 13 .84 13..68 13 .76 13,.78 13..70 13 .74 31 13.72 ___ - 13..68 - 13,.76 13..70 MEAN 13.80 ______13..76 13 .78 13,.76 13,.75 13 .73 MAX 13.94 ___ 13..90 13 .88 13,.88 13..94 13 .82 MIN 13.72 --- ___ 13,.66 13 .70 13,.72 13,.70 13 .66

78 455545089262500 LITTLE ST. GERMAIN LAKE, NORTHEAST BAY, NEAR ST. GERMAIN, WI

LOCATION."Lat 45°55'45", long 89°26'25", in SW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.24, T.40 N., R.8 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001, near St. Germain. PERIOD OF RECORD.-April 1991 to August 1994, August 1996. REMARKS . Lake sampled in northeast bay at a lake depth of about 12 ft. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, AUGUST 15, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Aug. 15 Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 7.0 12 Lake stage (ft) Specific conductance (uS/cm) 68 66 68 pH (units) 7.7 7.7 7.3 Water temperature ( C) 21.5 21.5 21.5 Secchi-depth (meters) 1. 0 Dissolved oxygen 8.0 8.0 7.1 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.030 0.026 0.026 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (ug/L) 35

8-15-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), PH, IN STANDARD IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER UNITS 10 20 6 7 8 9 10 u u 1 1 '

2 _ 2 - i

W.T._ LJJ 4 4 - - LL. D.O. - 6 - - 6 - -

- - - LJJ 8 8 - 1 a :"/ 10 10 s.c. 1

19 i i i i i i L 19 i "0 10 20 30 0 50 100 150 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.). IN DEGREES CELSIUS IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

79 455437089270800 LITTLE ST. GERMAIN LAKE, SOUTH BAY, NEAR ST. GERMAIN, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 45054'37", long 89°27108", in NW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.35, T.40 R, R.8 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001,1.7 mi east of St. Germain. PERIOD OF RECORD.-April 1991 to August 1994, August 1996. REMARKS. Lake sampled in south bay at a lake depth of about 22 ft. Water-quah'ty analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, AUGUST 15, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Aug. 15 Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 11 22 Lake stage (ft) Specific conductance (n.S/cm) 65 63 135 pH (units) 7.7 7.8 7.4 Water temperature (°C) 21.5 21.5 12.5 Secchi-depth (meters) 2 .6 Dissolved oxygen 8.1 8.0 0.2 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.022 0.020 0.131 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton ([ig/l>) 11

8-15-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), PH, IN STANDARD IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER UNITS 10 6 7 8 9 10

0 10 20 30 0 50 100 150 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.). IN DEGREES CELSIUS IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

80 455428089282400 LITTLE ST. GERMAIN LAKE, WEST BAY, AT ST. GERMAIN, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 45°54'28", long 89°28'24", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.34, T.40 N., R.8 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001, at St. Germain. PERIOD OF RECORD.-April 1991 to August 1994, August 1996. REMARKS.-Lake sampled in west bay at a lake depth of about 53 ft. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, AUGUST 15,1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Aug. 15 Depth of sample (ft) 1 .5 20 32 53 Lake stage (ft) 13..80 Specific conductance (\iS/cm) 71 73 85 103 pH (units) 7 .4 7 .4 7 .0 7 .2 Water temperature (°C) 21. 5 14 .0 7 .0 6 .0 Secchi-depth (meters) 2..7 Dissolved oxygen 8 .5 8 .4 0 .2 0 .2 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0 .007 0 .03L5 0 .063 0 .084 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L) 3 .8 ------

8-15-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), PH, IN STANDARD IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER UNITS o c) 10 2 6 7 8 9 10 u

10 L j 10 - -_ ID : D.o. j ,.. '' : _pH £20 20 S.C. ~ z I 30 - / '- 30 - > -_ Q_ HI ' w.T. : Q 40 40 - \ -j

-_ - \ -j 50 50 I KK 0 10 20 30 0 50 100 150 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.). IN DEGREES CELSIUS IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

81 424937088103400 LONG (KEE NONG GO-MONG) LAKE AT WIND LAKE, WI LOCATION.~Lat 42°49'37", long 88° 10'34" in NW 1/4 NE1/4 sec.7, T.4 N., R.20 E., Racine County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, at Wind Lake. DRAINAGE AREA.-4.29 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1988 to August 1989, February 1991 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled at the deepest point in southwest end of lake. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 06 TO AUGUST 08, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 06 Apr. 10 June 11 July 17 Aug. 08 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 26 1.5 26 1.5 27 1.5 27 1.5 25 Lake stage (ft) Specific conductance (jiS/cm) 536 616 487 489 486 509 447 531 450 534 pH (units) 7.5 7.0 8.1 8.0 8.4 7.3 8.5 7.2 8.1 7.2 Water temperature (°C) 1.5 4.0 6.5 6.0 17.0 10.0 24.5 10.5 26.5 11.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ___ 50 50 Turbidity (NTU) ___ 1.4 1.4 ______Secchi-depth (meters) 1.5 2.1 1.2 1.8 Dissolved oxygen 9.5 0.2 12.2 11.4 10.0 0.0 9.2 0.1 7.5 0.0 Hardness, as CaC03 ___ 230 230 ______Calcium, dissolved (Ca) --- 48 48 ___ --- Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ___ 26 26 ___ Sodium, dissolved (Na) ___ 13 13 ___ Potassium, dissolved (K) ___ 3 3 Alkalinity, as CaC03 ______200 200 Sulfate, dissolved (S04) ___ 27 27 ___ _ Chloride, dissolved (Cl) ___ 28 28 Fluoride, dissolved (F) 0.1 0.1 ___ Silica, dissolved (Si02) 1.3 1.3 ___ Solids, dissolved, at 180 C 300 298 Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) ___ 0.08 0.07 ___ Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)) <0.03 <0.03 ______Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ___ 1.2 1.2 ___ Nitrogen,-amm. + org., total (as N)I) 1.2 1.2 ______-_ Nitrogen, total (as N) ___ 1.3 1.3 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.035 0.040 0.031 0.119 0.030 0.505 0.023 0.508 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)) 0.002 0.002 ______Iron, dissolved (Fe) jig/L ___ 20 20 ___ Manganese, dissolved (Mn) jig/L 0.7 2 ___ Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (Jig/L)) 16 17 24 10

2-6-96 4-10-96 6-11-96 7-17-96 8-8-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 0 10 20 0 10 20 0 10 20 o . i i . . | j i . i . o . i i i i | i i

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 10 o > 7 fl 9 1 6 7 8 9 10 .6 10 10 u 1 1 ' U - ' ' 1 0 u ~r -_ 5 -_ 5 -_ 5 r 5 / i 5 Sio - - -_ 1 - 10 10 ~ 10 10 > 1 ; 1 ~z 15 j 15 - pH j 15 1 -_ 15 7 - 15 - 1 - I * ; % i - -_ - - -_ - LUka> ^u \ 20 20 I 20 20 i 0 *, I -, l t -: 25 II -_ 25 - - 25 j 25 f / \ -_ 25 .on i , - on , , '- on on on 400 500 600 700 "400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

82 0.06 O

0.04

8j J 0.02

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

O Foe < UJ orb 30 uiffi

«oc*< 20 do >o ICC Q.O 3§2102 o

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Long (Kee Nong Go-Mong) Lake at Wind Lake, Wisconsin.

83 423128088151200 MARY (MARIE) LAKE AT TWIN LAKES, WI LOCATION.--Lat 42°31'28", long 88°15'12", in SW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.21, T.I N., R.19 E., Kenosha County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, near Twin Lakes. PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1995 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled slightly north of center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 05 TO AUGUST 12, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 05 Apr. 16 June 10 July 15 Aug. 12 SDepth of sample (ft) 3.0 31 1 .5 31 1.5 32 1.5 37 1.5 28 Lake stage (ft) ___ 14 .62 15..22 14,.97 14 .97 Specific conductance (p,S/cm) 715 743 643 642 609 637 611 667 608 663 pH (units) 7.9 7.8 8 .5 8 .5 8.4 8.0 8.5 7.5 8.3 7.3 Water temperature (°C) 2.0 5.0 7. 5 7 .5 17.0 14.5 24.0 14.5 25.0 17.5 Color (Pt-Co. scale) --- ___ 5 5 ______--- Turbidity (NTU) ___ 0 .90 0 .90 ______Secchi-depth (meters) ___ 2 .9 4 .6 2,.1 3 .0 Dissolved oxygen 14.5 4.6 11 .5 11 .6 9.1 5.2 8.3 0.2 7.5 0.4 Hardness, as CaC03 250 250 ______Calcium, dissolved (Ca) --- 37 37 ______Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) 39 39 ______--- ___ Sodium, dissolved (Na) 35 35 ------Potassium, dissolved (K) 2 2 ___ --- Alkalinity, as CaC03 190 190 --- ___ Sulfate, dissolved (S04) 41 41 ______--- Chloride, dissolved (Cl) 74 74 ______Fluoride, dissolved (F) 0 .1 0 .1 ______Silica, dissolved (Si02) 0 .4 0 .4 ______--- ___ Solids, dissolved, at 180 C ___ 360 360 ______Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) --- 0 .06 0 .06 ______Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)I) --- <0 .03 <0 .03 ______Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)I) - 0 .80 0 .70 ______--- Nitrogen, total (as N) ___ 0 .86 0 .76 ______Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .013 0 .011 0.013 0.024 0.013 0.083 0.010 0.040 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P),) <0 .002 <0 .002 ___ Iron, dissolved (Fe) n,g/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) n,g/L ______<0 .4 <0 .4 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton 6 .8 - -- 7.1 4.3 4.0 ---

2-5-96 4-16-96 6-10-96 7-15-96 8-12-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20

10 10 10 W.T. 20 20 D.O. 20

CL Lil 0 30 30 30

40 40 40 10 20 30 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6 789 10 u \ ' - in 10 - I (' '- 10 10 10 10 Lil I **» LL / ** ~Z 20 / I S.C. / ." 20 20 20 20 I / ** « - PH CL I *** " LLJ 1 **» " 0 30 30 30 30 30 : : An 40 ' ' ' 650 700 750 600 650 700 750 "600 650 700 750 '600 650 700 750 600 650 700 750 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

84 TOTAL PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION, IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER CHLOROPHYLL a CONCENTRATION, pop SECCHI DEPTH, IN METERS IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER 822 o iv> ^ o> oo 1 , I I 1 .... 1 .... 1 1 ... 1 1 I .. 1 . 1 . 1 , c_ c_ c_

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D D D I.I.I, 460128089423501 MAX LAKE NEAR WOODRUFF, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 46"01 128", long 89°42'35", in NW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.23, T.41 N., R.6 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001, 8.5 mi north of Woodruff, 1,500 ft west of U.S. Highway 51. DRAINAGE AREA.-Unknown. Area of lake, 0.036 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-Unpublished intermittent data from March 1988 to September 1989; intermittent segments of daily data since July 1990; discontinued December 1996. GAGE. Staff gage and water-stage recorder. Datum of gages is about 1,613 ft above sea level. REMARKS. Records good. Lake does not have surface inlet or outlet. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.--Maximum observed gage height, 6.75 ft, Aug. 7,1996; minimum observed gage height, 3.97 ft, Nov. 16,1989. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT PERIOD.-Maximum recorded gage height, 6.75 ft, Aug. 7; minimum recorded, 5.52 ft, Oct. 1 and 5.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, OCTOBER 1995 THROUGH DECEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES 1995 1996 DAY OCT NOV DEC APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

1 5.52 .85 5.93 6.71 6.43 6.33 6.41 2 5.53 .89 6.70 6.42 6.32 6.41 3 5.53 .89 6.69 6.41 6.30 6.40 4 5.53 .88 6.67 6.49 6.29 6.40 6.53 5 5.52 5.88 6.71 6'.48 6.28 6.41 6 6.74 6.47 6.28 6.41 7 6.54 6.75 6.46 6.28 6.41 8 6.51 6.56 6.73 6.45 6.27 6.40 9 6.52 6.55 6.72 6.43 6.27 6.42 10 6.53 6.53 6.70 6.43 6.26 6.42 11 6.53 6.51 6.68 6.44 6.25 6.42 12 5.91 6.52 6.60 6.67 6.44 6.24 6.42 13 6.52 6.67 6.67 6.4.1 6.23 6.42 14 6.51 6.66 6.66 6.39 6.22 6.42 15 5.71 5.88 6.65 6.65 6.38 6.21 6.42

16 5.70 6.51 6.64 6.64 6.37 6.21 6.50 17 5.70 6.63 6.62 6.36 6.30 6.58 18 5.69 6.67 6.61 6.35 6.31 6.58 19 5.69 6.68 6.59 6.34 6.31 6.59 20 5.69 6.66 6.60 6.32 6.30 6.59

21 6.65 6.59 6.32 6.29 6.58 22 6.64 6.59 6.34 6.29 6.59 23 6.62 6.58 6.33 6.35 24 6.62 6.56 6.34 6.39 25 5.82 6.61 6.54 6.32 6.38

26 6.59 6.53 6.32 6.38 27 6.59 6.51 6.36 6.37 28 6.59 6.72 6.49 6.36 6.36 29 6.74 6.47 6.35 6.38 30 6.72 6.46 6.34 6.44 31 6.57 6.72 6.45 6.42 MEAN 6.62 6.39 6.31 MAX 6.75 6.49 6.44 MIN 5.52 6.45 6.32 6.21

86 05428000 LAKE MENDOTA AT MADISON, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°05'42", long 89°22'12", in SE 1/4 sec. 12, T.7 N., R.9 E., Dane County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, in city boat house at dam at outlet, in Madison. DRAINAGE AREA.--233 mi2. Area of Lake Mendota, 15.2 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-December 1902 to May 1903, January 1916 to current year (incomplete). REVISED RECORDS.--WDR WI-73-1: Drainage area. GAGE.--Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 840.00 ft above sea level, or 5.60 ft below City of Madison datum. Prior to Oct. 1,1979, at datum 7.82 ft higher; prior to Nov. 15,1971, nonrecording gage at same site. REMARKS.-No estimated daily gage heights. Records are good. Lake level regulated by concrete dam with two 12-foot gates and 20-foot lock at outlet. Gage-height telemeter at station. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 12.20 ft, July 14-15, 1993; minimum observed, 8.02 ft, Feb. 24 to Mar. 10,1920, current datum. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum recorded gage height, 11.55 ft, June 24; minimum recorded, 9.34 ft, Nov. 25.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES

OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 9.70 9.74 9.47 9.47 9.84 10.20 10.00 10.11 10.05 11.37 10.88 10.16 2 9.69 9.85 9.46 9.46 9.83 10.19 9.99 10.11 10.13 11.37 10.83 10.13 3 9.71 9.86 9.47 9.46 9.82 10.18 10.01 10.10 10.15 11.34 10.77 10.11 4 9.72 9.83 9.47 9.45 9.81 10.17 10.01 10.10 10.13 11.31 10.71 10.09 5 9.73 9.78 9.51 9.45 9.80 10.16 9.99 10.09 10.11 11.29 10.70 10.07

6 9.92 9.76 9.50 9.44 9.81 10.16 9.98 10.07 10.18 11.26 10.82 10.04 7 9.97 9.78 9.47 9.44 9.79 10.14 9.98 10.06 10.36 11.25 10.87 10.02 8 9.98 9.75 9.48 9.43 9.79 10.12 9.97 10.07 10.42 11.23 10.87 10.00 9 10.00 9.69 9.49 9.42 9.79 10.11 9.96 10.08 10.43 11.18 10.84 9.98 10 9.98 9.70 9.45 9.42 9.81 10.09 9.95 10.24 10.44 11.15 10.80 9.95

11 9.96 9.76 9.43 9.44 9.89 10.08 9.95 10.27 10.44 11.10 10.78 9.94 12 9.94 9.70 9.45 9.44 9.97 10.07 9.97 10.26 10.44 11.09 10.77 9.89 13 9.92 9.68 9.46 9.43 9.99 10.07 9.94 10.26 10.44 11.09 10.74 9.84 14 9.91 9.66 9.48 9.43 10.01 10.08 9.94 10.24 10.42 11.07 10.71 9.80 15 9.85 9.64 9.49 9.42 10.01 10.07 9.96 10.26 10.39 11.04 10.65 9.75

16 9.80 9.62 9.49 9.42 10.00 10.08 9.96 10.26 10.37 11.00 10.59 9.72 17 9.75 9.60 9.49 9.42 9.99 10.07 9.94 10.27 10.76 10.96 10.54 9.70 18 9.74 9.59 9.49 9.52 9.98 10.07 9.96 10.27 11.22 11.17 10.49 9.67 19 9.73 9.56 9.49 9.65 9.97 10.06 9.99 10.27 11.34 11.25 10.45 9.64 20 9.74 9.58 9.49 9.72 9.96 10.06 10.06 10.28 11.39 11.23 10.46 9.62

21 9.71 9.55 9.49 9.76 9.96 10.04 10.06 10.31 11.41 11.21 10.45 9.62 22 9.68 9.51 9.49 9.77 9.96 10.02 10.08 10.29 11.43 11.22 10.43 9.61 23 9.65 9.50 9.49 9.79 9.96 10.01 10.07 10.29 11.43 11.22 10.41 9.58 24 9.68 9.46 9.48 9.80 9.96 10.02 10.05 10.26 11.43 11.21 10.37 9.58 25 9.64 9.44 9.48 9.80 9.98 10.04 10.09 10.23 11.44 11.18 10.35 9.54 26 9.63 9.43 9.47 9.83 10.00 10.04 10.08 10.21 11.43 11.14 10.33 9.55 27 9.69 9.47 9.47 9.87 10.08 10.03 10.04 10.17 11.42 11.10 10.29 9.57 28 9.74 9.47 9.46 9.87 10.16 10.03 10.03 10.16 11.42 11.07 10.26 9.55 29 9.73 9.46 9.46 9.87 10.20 10.02 10.07 10.14 11.40 11.05 10.24 9.52 30 9.70 9.46 9.46 9.85 10.01 10.13 10.10 11.41 10.99 10.21 9.49 31 9.69 - 9.47 9.85 10.01 10.07 10.93 10.19 MEAN 9.78 9.63 9.48 9.59 9.94 10.08 10.01 10.19 10.79 11.16 10.57 9.79 MAX 10.00 9.86 9.51 9.87 10.20 10.20 10.13 10.31 11.44 11.37 10.88 10.16 MIN 9.63 9.43 9.43 9.42 9.79 10.01 9.94 10.06 10.05 10.93 10.19 9.49

87 430309088284800 MIDDLE GENESEE LAKE NEAR OCONOMOWOC, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 43°03'09", long 88°28'48", in NW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.22, T.7 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, 1.8 mi south of Oconomowoc. PERIOD OF RECORD.-February to August 1996. REMARKS. --Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 08 TO AUGUST 06, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 08 Apr. 11 June 05 July 11 Aug. 06 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 38 1 .5 39 1.5 38 1.5 40 1.5 43 Lake stage (ft) Specific conductance (^S/cm) 422 509 420 421 425 430 438 454 417 476 pH (units) 8.4 7.5 8 .3 8 .3 8.3 8.0 8.4 7.9 8.3 7.6 Water temperature ( C) 4.0 5.0 7. 0 6 .0 18.0 11.0 24.0 12.5 25.5 13.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) --- ___ 10 20 ______Turbidity (NTU) 0 .60 1 .4 ______Secchi-depth (meters) 4 .4 4. 5 2 .6 2 .7 Dissolved oxygen 12.9 0.3 12 .6 12 .4 9.6 7.0 7.8 3.3 8.5 0.0 Hardness, as CaC03 210 210 ______Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ 33 33 ______Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) 30 30 ______--- Sodium, dissolved (Na) --- 10 10 --- ______Potassium, dissolved (K) --- 2 2 ___ --- Alkalinity, as CaC03 ___ 180 180 ______Sulfate, dissolved (S04) ___ 18 18 ______Chloride, dissolved (Cl) --- 23 23 ___ Fluoride, dissolved (F) <0, 1 <0 1 Silica, dissolved (Si02) o ' ' Solids, dissolved, at 180 C ___ 252 250 ______Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) 0..02 0 .06 ______Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)r) 0..21 0 .23 ___ Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ______0,.59 0 .57 ___ ------Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)D 0..80 0 .80 ______Nitrogen, total (as N) ___ 0,.82 0 .86 ______--- Phosphorus, total (as P) 0..007 0 .011 0.007 0.007 <0.007 0.012 <0.007 0.022 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)') 0..002 <0 .002 ___ Iron, dissolved (Fe) \ig/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) jig/L ______<0,.4 <0 .4 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton 2..0 - 1.0 2.0 2.3

2-8-96 4-11-96 6-5-96 7-11-96 8-6-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20

uj 10 10 10 10 10 UJ LL W.T. ~~-z 20 20 20 20 20 D.O. -

UJ Q 30 30 30 30 30

40 40 40 40 10 20 30 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 0| i i i i Oiu i i i i Oi i i i i 0| i i i i 0

UJ 10 10 - - 10 10 10 UJ

20 20 - 20 20 20 ~ S.C.

UJ Q 30 30 PH : 30 30 30

40 An , , 40 40 40 400 450 500 550 400 450 500 550 400 450 500 550 400 450 500 550 400 450 500 550 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

88 05429000 LAKE MONONA AT MADISON, WI LOCATION.--Lat 43°03'48", long 89°23'49', in SW 1/4 sec.23, T.7 R, R.9 E., Dane County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, in Brittingham Park, in Madison. DRAINAGE AREA.--279 mi2. Area of Lake Monona, 5.3 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-September 1915 to current year (fragmentary) in reports of the Geological Survey. For 1856 to March 1917 in reports of Wisconsin Railroad Commission, volume 19. REVISED RECORDS.--WSP 1338: Lake area. WDRWI-73-1: Drainage area. GAGE.-Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 840.00 ft above sea level, or 5.60 ft below City of Madison datum. Prior to Oct. 1, 1979, datum 3.61 ft higher; prior to Nov. 15,1971, nonrecording gage at same site. REMARKS. No estimated daily gage heights. Records are good. Lake level regulated by concrete dam with four 12-foot stop-log sections and 12-foot lock at outlet of Lake Waubesa. Gage-height telemeter at station. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 7.28 ft, June 19, 1996; minimum observed, 3.22 ft, Jan. 20, 1965, current datum. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.--Maximum recorded gage height, 7.28 ft, June 19; minimum recorded, 4.02 ft, Jan. 9 and 10.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES

DAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 4.95 5.06 4.55 4.04 ___ 4.51 4.35 4.91 5.19 6.50 5.93 5.29 2 4.95 5.18 4.51 4.04 ___ 4.51 4.35 4.93 5.29 6.50 5.93 5.28 3 4.96 5.15 4.47 4.04 ___ 4.50 4.36 4.94 5.31 6.45 5.93 5.27 4 4.95 5.13 4.43 4.04 ___ 4.50 4.34 4.96 5.32 6.40 5.93 5.24 5 4.97 5.11 4.39 4.04 4.50 4.33 4.96 5.33 6.36 5.92 5.23 6 5.19 5.09 4.33 4.03 4.28 4.49 4.33 4.96 5.41 6.32 5.93 5.22 7 5.19 5.04 4.30 4.03 4.27 4.49 4.32 4.97 5.70 6.27 5.89 5.21 8 5.19 4.99 4.28 4.03 4.27 4.49 4.31 4.98 5.80 6.20 5.82 5.21 9 5.19 4.98 4.26 4.03 4.30 4.49 4.29 5.00 5.80 6.14 5.74 5.21 10 5.20 4.98 4.23 4.03 4.35 4.49 4.30 5.28 5.78 6.11 5.69 5.20 11 5.21 4.95 4.21 4.05 4.41 4.47 4.32 5.39 5.75 6.09 5.63 5.18 12 5.20 4.94 4.20 4.05 4.43 4.45 4.35 5.41 5.75 6.10 5.57 5.14 13 5.17 4.91 4.19 4.05 4.44 4.42 4.36 5.40 5.71 6.11 5.53 5.10 14 5.12 4.88 4.19 4.05 4.44 4.41 4.40 5.39 5.67 6.10 5.50 5.05 15 5.07 4.85 4.17 4.04 4.44 4.41 4.43 5.39 5.63 6.08 5.50 5.04 16 5.04 4.83 4.15 4.04 4.44 4.41 4.44 5.36 5.61 6.06 5.52 5.04 17 5.02 4.81 4.13 4.05 4.44 4.41 4.50 5.32 6.29 6.07 5.54 5.02 18 5.00 4.78 4.11 4.21 4.44 4.41 4.53 5.29 7.13 6.30 5.56 5.00 19 4.99 4.77 4.09 4.35 4.43 4.39 4.60 5.26 7.26 6.36 5.57 4.99 20 4.98 4.74 4.07 4.37 4.42 4.37 4.67 5.25 7.25 6.33 5.63 4.99 21 4.94 4.69 4.06 4.37 4.41 4.36 4.70 5.24 7.18 6.28 5.58 4.98 22 4.92 4.68 4.04 4.35 4.40 4.35 4.71 5.19 7.09 6.25 5.54 4.95 23 4.93 4.66 4.04 4.34 4.41 4.35 4.71 5.18 6.98 6.22 5.51 4.95 24 4.95 4.64 4.04 4.33 4.42 4.38 4.73 5.15 6.88 6.16 5.47 4.94 25 4.93 4.63 4.04 4.32 4.43 4.39 4.74 5.12 6.78 6.10 5.43 4.93 26 4.91 4.62 4.04 4.33 4.44 4.39 4.72 5.11 6.68 6.05 5.41 4.97 27 4.99 4.65 4.03 4.37 4.50 4.40 4.75 5.10 6.60 6.02 5.37 4.97 28 5.04 4.66 4.03 4.36 4.51 4.39 4.78 5.10 6.53 5.99 5.35 4.94 29 5.03 4.63 4.03 4.35 4.51 4.38 4.83 5.12 6.51 5.95 5.33 4.92 30 5.01 4.59 4.03 4.34 ___ 4.38 4.87 5.13 6.54 5.95 5.31 4.90 31 5.00 --- 4.04 ___ 4.36 5.15 5.93 5.30 ___ MEAN 5.04 4.85 4.18 ______4.43 4.51 5.16 6.16 6.19 5.61 5.08 MAX 5.21 5.18 4.55 ___ 4.51 4.87 5.41 7.26 6.50 5.93 5.29 MIN 4.91 4.59 4.03 4.35 4.29 4.91 5.19 5.93 5.30 4.90

89 434748089195800 LAKE MONTELLO AT MONTELLO, WI LOCATION."Lat 43°47'48", long 89°19'58", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.8, T.15 N., R.IO E., Marquette County, Hydrologic Unit 04030201, at Montello. PERIOD OF RECORD.-February to August 1995. Lake-stage and secchi measurements for water years 1984 to 1990 were collected at a different site (station number 434813089204000). REMARKS.-Lake sampled near southeast end at the deep hole. The lake was ice-covered during the February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 13 TO AUGUST 22, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 13 May 02 June 0 6 July 22 Aug. 22 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 12 1 .5 13 1.5 13 1.5 7.5 1.5 11 Lake stage (ft) ___ - - 11,.56 11..55 Specific conductance (p.S/cm) 327 596 295 295 315 336 289 293 321 336 pH (units) 7.1 7.4 8 .4 8 .4 8.3 7.8 8.3 8.1 8.2 7.5 Water temperature (°C) 1.5 1.0 8. 5 8 .5 18.5 15.5 23.5 22.5 24.5 23.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) 50 50 ______Turbidity (NTU) 1 .7 2 .1 ___ Secchi-depth (meters) 1 .6 2 .1 2.,4 2..6 Dissolved oxygen 9.5 8.0 12 .9 13 .0 9.3 1.9 10.4 9.1 8.1 2.8 Hardness, as CaCO3 150 150 ______Calcium, dissolved (Ca) 33 33 ______Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) 17 17 ______Sodium, dissolved (Na) ___ 2 .8 2 .8 ______Potassium, dissolved (K) ___ 1 1 ______Alkalinity, as CaC03 ___ 140 150 ___ Sulfate, dissolved (S04) 9 .0 9 .0 ______Chloride, dissolved (Cl) 5 .3 5 .4 ______Fluoride, dissolved (F) ___ 0 .1 0 .1 ______Silica, dissolved (Si02) 4 .7 4 .6 ______Solids, dissolved, at 180°C ___ 182 180 ______Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) 0 .54 0 .54 ______Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)j) <0 .03 <0 .03 ______Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)I) 0 .70 0 .70 Nitrogen, total (as N) ______1 .2 1 .2 ______.--- ______Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .052 0 .050 0.061 0.085 0.048 0.048 0.036 0.069 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)>) ___ 0 .006 0 .005 ______Iron, dissolved (Fe) p.g/ 0 .1 0 .1 ______--- Manganese, dissolved (Mn) . ______16 16 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton 12 - -- 5.1 ___ 6.1 5.3 2-13-96 5-2-96 6-6-96 7-22-96 8-22-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 u . ' ' ' ' ' ' -

4 W.T. D.O. ~

fc" 8 - - UJ Q 12 12 - - 12 12

14 1 A ,,,,!,,,, i i i i 10 20 30 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6 789 10 u - S.C. UJ 4 UJ U. - z £ a _ _ pH _ Q. - , *»^ UJ _ ""* «. Q . "** * 12 - 12 12 12 12

1/4 I I I H2 142 I____I____I 'i 200 300 400 500 600 200 300 400 500 600 200 300 400 500 600 200 300 400 500 600 200 300 400 500 600 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

90 0.08

IT IT ZH1 0.06 LU j

O CO CO 0.04 isQ. -j ii 0.02 i JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND 1995 1996

O Pec < LU EC t

JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND 1995 1996

COEC 4' LU

01 _ Q 3

JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Montello Lake at Montello, Wisconsin.

91 455504089260500 MOON LAKE NEAR ST. GERMAIN, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 45°55'04", long 89°26'05", in SE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.25, T.40 N., R.8 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001, 2.9 mi northeast of St. Germain. PERIOD OF RECORD.--May 1985 to September 1988 and October 1989 to September 1990, Secchi depth only; February 1992 to current year. REMARKS.--The stage of Moon Lake is the same as Alma Lake; lake stages read at Alma Lake. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during March measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MARCH 11 TO AUGUST 14, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Mar. 11 May 15 June 27 July 23 Aug.. 14

Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 37 1 .5 37 1.5 37 1.5 38 1.5 37 Lake stage (ft) ___ 11. 53 11. 56 11.5 7 11..82 Specific conductance ((iS/cm) 30 62 19 19 22 25 22 25 23 27 pH (units) 7.1 6.5 6 .0 5 .9 6.9 5.9 6.9 6.0 6.6 6.0 Water temperature (°C) 0.5 5.0 6. 0 5 .0 20.5 7.0 22.0 8.0 22.5 9.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ___ 10 10 ______Turbidity (NTU) ___ <0 .50 <0 .50 ______Secchi-depth (meters) -- - 3.,7 5. 1 4.2 4..7 Dissolved oxygen 12.8 0.3 8 .3 6 .4 9.2 0.9 8.6 0.4 8.5 0.3 Hardness, as CaCO3 Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ______2 .0 2 .0 ______Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ___ 0 .7 0 .8 ___ --- Sodium, dissolved (Na) --- 0 .6 0 .6 ______Potassium, dissolved (K) --- 0 .4 0 .4 ______Alkalinity, as CaCO3 7 7 ______Sulfate, dissolved (SO4) ___ 3 .0 3 .0 ------Chloride, dissolved (Cl) ___ 0 .6 0 .5 ______Fluoride, dissolved (F) <0 .1 <0 .1 ______Silica, dissolved (SiO2) 0 .2 0 .3 ______------Solids, dissolved, at 180 C ___ 28 28 ______Nitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N) ___ 0 .10 0 .11 ______Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)) <0 .03 <0 .03 ______------Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ___ 0 .50 0 .40 ______Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)) 0 .50 0 .40 ------Nitrogen, total (as N) ______0 .60 0 .51 ______--- Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .016 0 .013 0.008 0.090 0.007 0.036 0.007 0.00 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)) ___ <0 .002 <0 .002 ______Iron, dissolved (Fe) (ig/L ___ 70 80 --- ___ ------Manganese, dissolved (Mn) (ig/L ______10 8 ______------Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton ((ig/L)) 2,.5 - -- 2.2 1.2 --- 2.0 ---

3-11-96 5-15-96 6-27-96 7-23-96 8-14-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10

10 20 30 "0 10 20 30 ~0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 45678 45678 45678 45678 45678

UJ 10 S.C. 10 10 10 10 HI "20 20 20 20 20 Q. UJ Q 30 30 30 30 30

40 I i i i I 40' i i ' I 40 ' ' ' ' ' 40' ' ' ' ' 40 0 25 50 75 100 0 25 50 75 100 0 25 50 75 100 0 25 50 75 100 0 25 50 75 100 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

92 0.020

0.015

0.010 5 o«

± 0.005 0.

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

o Fee 2b< LJJ

^E £CL 3

>o ICC 0-0 §" 1 o

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

CALENDAR YEAR Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Moon Lake near St. Germain, Wisconsin.

(Circles indicate laboratory detection limit for selected analyses. Actual concentrations for these particular analyses are less than the plotted ckcles.)

93 454622088324801 MORGAN LAKE NEAR FENCE, WI LOCATION.-Lat 45°46'22", long 88°32'48", in NE 1/4 NW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec. 18, T.38 N., R.16 E., Florence County, Hydrologic Unit 04030108, at southwest end of lake on dirt road off Forest Service Road 2161,6 mi west northwest of Fence. DRAINAGE AREA.--Not determined. Area of lake, 44 acres. PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1987 to current year. GAGE. Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is approximately 1,400.00 ft above sea level. REMARKS.--Records good. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.--Maximum observed gage height, 66.36 ft, June 21-22, 1993; minimum observed gage height, 63.61 ft, Oct. 19,1989. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum observed gage height, 66.35 ft, May 11; minimum observed gage height, 65.24 ft, Oct. 2-5.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 65.25 65.61 65.70 65.74 65.89 65.90 65.89 66.25 66.17 66.24 66.16 65.93 2 65.24 65.66 65.71 65.73 65.89 65.89 65.89 66.25 66.22 66.26 66.15 65.93 3 65.24 65.65 65.71 65.73 65.89 65.88 65.88 66.26 66.23 66.24 66.13 65.92 4 65.24 65.65 65.70 65.73 65.89 65.89 65.89 66.26 66.24 66.23 66.12 65.91 5 65.24 65.65 65.71 65.74 65.88 65.89 65.90 66.27 66.24 66.22 66.14 65.89 6 65.35 65.66 65.70 65.73 65.88 65.86 65.90 66.29 66.28 66.19 66.17 65.87 7 65.43 65.65 65.70 65.73 65.88 65.85 65.90 66.30 66.2'9 66.18 66.22 65.87 8 65.43 65.64 65.70 65.73 65.88 65.85 65.90 66.30 66.30 66.17 66.22 65.86 9 65.43 65.63 65.71 65.74 65.88 65.85 65.88 66.30 66.30 66.16 66.19 65.86 10 65.45 65.63 65.71 65.74 65.89 65.85 65.88 66.33 66.30 66.16 66.17 65.84

11 65.46 65.64 65.71 65.74 65.88 65.84 65.87 66.35 66.30 66.12 66.16 65.85 12 65.46 65.64 65.71 65.73 65.88 65.83 65.89 66.34 66.28 66.14 66.16 65.81 13 65.45 65.62 65.71 65.73 65.88 65.83 65.93 66.33 66.27 66.18 66.16 65.80 14 65.44 65.62 65.76 65.73 65.88 65.83 65.94 66.33 66.24 66.18 66.13 65.77 15 65.43 65.62 65.77 65.72 65.88 65.83 65.94 66.33 66.23 66.17 66.11 65.76 16 65.44 65.63 65.76 65.72 65.88 65.83 65.96 66.30 66.22 66.17 66.10 65.75 17 65.44 65.63 65.76 65.72 65.88 65.83 65.96 66.30 66.23 66.16 66.10 65.74 18 65.43 65.63 65.76 65.80 65.89 65.83 65.97 66.32 66.25 66.21 66.08 65.74 19 65.41 65.63 65.76 65.85 65.89 65.83 66.03 66.32 66.25 66.23 66.06 65.73 20 65.42 65.63 65.76 65.86 65.89 65.80 66.08 66.33 66.26 66.22 66.05 65.71

21 65.46 65.64 65.76 65.86 65.86 65.79 66.11 66.31 66.26 66.21 66.04 65.72 22 65.48 65.64 65.76 65.85 65.86 65.78 66.12 66.30 66.28 66.18 66.06 65.75 23 65.50 65.64 65.75 65.83 65.86 65.78 66.12 66.29 66.25 66.17 66.05 65.75 24 65.57 65.64 65.75 65.83 65.86 65.82 66.14 66.28 66.24 66.17 66.04 65.76 25 65.57 65.64 65.74 65.83 65.86 65.90 66.18 66.25 66.24 66.17 66.03 65.75

26 65.58 65.66 65.74 65.83 65.86 65.90 66.20 66.24 66.24 66.16 65.99 65.75 27 65.58 65.68 65.74 65.90 65.87 65.90 66.20 66.23 66.29 66.15 65.98 65.75 28 65.58 65.69 65.73 65.90 65.88 65.90 66.21 66.22 66.30 66.16 65.98 65.75 29 65.58 65.69 65.73 65.92 65.89 65.90 66.21 66.21 66.29 66.17 65.98 65.75 30 65.58 65.70 65.73 65.91 65.90 66.24 66.18 66.28 66.16 65.94 65.75 31 65.58 - 65.73 65.90 65.90 66.17 66.16 65.93 ___

MEAN 65.44 65.64 65.73 65.79 65.88 65.85 66.01 66.28 66.26 66.18 66.09 65.80 MAX 65.58 65.70 65.77 65.92 65.89 65.90 66.24 66.35 66.30 66.26 66.22 65.93 MIN 65.24 65.61 65.70 65.72 65.86 65.78 65.87 66.17 66.17 66.12 65.93 65.71

94 430551088273500 OCONOMOWOC LAKE NO. 1 (CENTER) AT OCONOMOWOC, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°05'51", long 88027'35", in NW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.2, T.7 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, at Ocono- mowoc. PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1986 to current year. REMARKS.--Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 08 TO AUGUST 07, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 08 Apr . 24 June 05 July 11 Aug. 07 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 60 1 .5 61 1.5 61 1.5 59 1.5 60 Lake stage (ft) Specific conductance (US/cm) 510 568 541 536 541 542 529 5 58 511 555 pH (units) 8.1 7.6 8 .1 8 .1 8.3 7.9 8.4 7.7 8.3 7.7 Water temperature ( C) 2.5 3.0 8. 5 7 .0 16.5 9.0 23.5 8.5 25.5 8.5 Secchi-depth (meters) -_ _ 7 .7 5 .0 5.5 2. 9 Dissolved oxygen 11.8 3.1 11 .1 10 .9 10.3 5.0 7.9 0.0 8.5 0.0 Hardness, as CaC03 250 250 ______--- Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ 46 47 ------Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) 33 33 ______Sodium, dissolved (Na) ______14 14 ___ --- Potassium, dissolved (K) ___ 2 2 ______--- Alkalinity, as CaC03 ___ 220 220 ______--- Sulfate, dissolved (S04) 27 27 ______Chloride, dissolved (Cl) ___ 33 33 ______--- ___ Silica, dissolved (Si02) ___ 4 .1 4 .3 ___ Solids, dissolved, at 180 C ___ 306 308 --- ___ Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) ___ 0 .26 0 .26 ___ ------Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N) ___ 0 .06 0 .05 ___ Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N) ___ 0 .40 0 .60 ______Nitrogen, total (as N) ___ 0 .66 0 .86 ______Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .008 0 .010 0.008 0.019 0.007 0.150 <0.007 0.1 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P) ___ <0 .002 <0 .002 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L) ___ 1 .2 - -- 3.3 3.4 1.4 2.6

2-8-96 4-24-96 6-5-96 7-11-96 8-7-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 0 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 0

fc 15 W.T. 15 15 15 15

D.O. -_30 30 30 30 30

UJ45 45 45 45 45

10 20 30 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6 789 10 u 1 u \

_ J_ 15 s.c. 15 15 ~ .' - 15 15 111 U. . - - 30 - - 30 30 ~ - 30 30 I t » - '. - £45 PH - 45 45 ~ } 45 45

60 : V 60 RA i CA 1 1 500 550 600 650 500 550 600 650 500 550 600 650 500 550 600 650 500 550 600 650 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

95 0.020

CCCC ££0.015 LU I] O^

0.010

I<3 00 0 oi 0.005 Q.

I 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

Sw 8 I s gp: ^Q- 6 ooo

P §1 2

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

Q. LU _ Q 6

O O LU co 8

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Oconomowoc Lake, No. 1 (Center) at Oconomowoc, Wisconsin. (Circles indicate laboratory detection limit for selected analyses. Actual concentrations for these particular analyses are less than the plotted circles.)

96 430609088262200 OCONOMOWOC LAKE NO. 2 (OFF HEWITT POINT) AT OCONOMOWOC, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°06'09", long 88°26'22", in NW 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.l, T.7 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, at Oconomowoc. PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1986 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled at the deepest point in northeast bay near Hewitt Point. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water- quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 08 TO AUGUST 07,1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 08 Apr. 24 June 05 July 11 Aug. 07 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 48 1 .5 48 1 .5 48 1 .5 49 1.5 49 Lake stage (ft) Specific conductance (H-S/cm) 547 615 580 570 569 580 552 607 541 608 pH (units) 8.1 7.5 8 .1 8.0 8 .4 7.8 8 .3 7.5 8.3 7.5 Water temperature ( C) 3.0 4.0 10. 0 7.0 17..0 9.0 23. 5 9.0 26.0 9.0 Secchi-depth (meters) -- - 7. 2 4 .9 3.4 2. 7 Dissolved oxygen 11.0 2.9 10 .9 11.4 10 .5 3.0 8 .6 0.1 8.5 0.0 Phosphorus, total (as P) ______<0 .007 <0.007 0 .007 0.009 <0 .007 0.046 <0.007 0.046 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (\ig/L),) --- 0 .7 ___ 1 .1 0 .9 1.5 ___

2-8-96 4-24-96 6-5-96 7-11-96 8-7-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 0 10 20 0 10 20 10 20 0 10 20 0 0 0

: W.T. D.O. -

10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 8 9 10 8 9 10 8 9 10 8 9 10 8 9 10 u u 1 ' 1 u 1 ; ' u '/ u 1 ' 1 1 : : '- j- -_ -_ -_ 1-10 Ml J 10 -_ 10 10 \ 10 - \ UJ UJ j I : -_ -_ 'r -_ £20 20 _ _I 20 20 7 20 S.C. i ^ ; -_ -_ -_ t 3° 30 - 30 30 r I 30 r- ^ pH ~ - (t \ V HI '- r o -_ - 40 40 40 -_ 40 40 - y

: \ i i* 5l i i 5°5< 5°5( 50 5°5( i 5°5C DO 550 600 65 DO 550 600 6£ DO 550 600 6J X) 550 600 6£ DO 550 600 6£ SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

97 TOTAL PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION, CHLOROPHYLL a CONCENTRATION, IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER SECCHI DEPTH, IN METERS IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER p p p p p oo o> & ro o 9 2 g 8 8 § 1 1 ' 1 ' 1 ' 1 ' 1 I ' 1 ' 1 ' 1 ' n to O) I t cT Q. O) i VI (D _ _ _ _ o' B) 3 C? 0 CO to -H ^ o o 23 23 . * 1 § o 2.

0. 8| CO to 3 00 oo O -o 00 oo 1 §tf. 3 = o o 9 1 i w s> o ^. to 00Is oo » 0 o (O to 1 S- 5T ^ I 0> 0) 9 9 to i * t o g o P p o r~ 10 6" m ~ £ "r o z _,, § D to o-o (O to 3D CO s.*<. ig "*" ~ m & ^ >u 1 r* o 3D 0 ' o i to N) s 1 * V *~^ m 1 0 c? 3.

to § H> (O £ 1o' (O to *. CO CO C, Is P) o c/>

to to n CO ll -I*. % * s * t 0 < CO oT ^ fl> ~~ ~ ;sthanth (/) o

CO CO §1 en eni I* "2.0 £ P - -

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E 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , J 1.1,1.1. 430723088252100 OKAUCHEE LAKE AT OKAUCHEE, WI LOCATION.--Lat 43°07'23", long 88°25'21", in SE 1/4 SE 1/4, sec.25, T.8 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, at Okauchee. DRAINAGE AREA.--80.7 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1984 to current year. LAKE-STAGE GAGE.-Datum of gage is 869.00 ft above sea level. REMARKS.--A detailed water quality management plan has been developed for Okauchee Lake by Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission; previous water-quality data are available in this report. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 14 TO AUGUST 19, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicatedd) Feb. 14 May 06 June 27 July 25 Aug. 19 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 87 1 .5 90 1.5 93 1.5 92 1.5 93 Lake stage (ft) 4.70 4. 77 5. 02 4. 74 4. 79 Specific conductance ((is/cm) 523 570 556 553 544 602 521 557 514 566 pH (units) 7.9 8.0 8 .3 8 .2 8.4 7.7 8.2 7.6 8.2 7.6 Water temperature (°C) 3.0 2.0 9. 0 7 .5 24.5 7.0 22.5 7.0 24.0 7.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ______15 15 ______Turbidity (NTU) ___ 0 .60 0 .90 ______Secchi-depth (meters) ___ 3. 6 3. 9 3. 2 2. 9 Dissolved oxygen 12.1 8.8 11 .3 10 .4 9.4 0.1 8.5 0.2 8.4 0.2 Hardness, as CaC03 ___ 270 260 ______Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ 52 51 ___ Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ___ 34 33 ___ Sodium, dissolved (Na) 12 12 ______Alkalinity, as CaC03 ___ 230 230 ______Sulfate, dissolved (S04) ___ 25 24 ______Chloride, dissolved (Cl) ___ 29 29 ______Fluoride, dissolved (F) ______<0 .1 <0 .1 ___ Silica, dissolved (Si02) ___ 2 .3 2 .6 Solids, dissolved, at 180 C 316 318 ______Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) ___ 0 .38 0 .35 ______Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)I) <0 .03 0 .04 ______Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ___ 0 .40 0 .46 ______Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)r) 0 .40 0 .50 ___ Nitrogen, total (as N) ___ 0 .78 0 .85 ______Phosphorus, total (as P) 0 .013 0 .014 0.012 0.084 0.011 0.102 0.008 0.167 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)>) <0 .002 0 .002 ______Iron, dissolved (Fe) jig/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) jig/L ______<0 .4 0 .9 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L),) 3 .9 - 2.4 5.2 6.8 2-14-96 5-6-96 6-27-96 7-25-96 8-19-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER o c) 10 20 « C) 10 20 « () 10 20 « c 10 2o c 10 2 0 i i i | V"- 0 . , , . ; . 0 0 } ) . . " ' ' W.T. \ _ S ^** I- 20 20 20 Is'1 ** ~~ 20 20 LU / » HI " ~ .' I / / Z 40 - - 40 - - 40 / 40 f 40 " I"' - - - ' I - - - 1 V - n~ 60 60 D.O. - 60 ~ 1 60 / 60 HI Q ) 80 r / - 80 - 80 -/ - 80 / : 80 - QC. ".,,,!.., I . , , , QC. , i , , i , , , , i , , , , OK , , , 1 , , , , 1 . , , ." QC. , , , !, i , , , , i , , , i" QK 1 | , I , , , , I , , , , 10 20 30 10 20 30 * 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6 7 8 9 10 789 10 6789 10 8 9 10 8 9 10 U u 1 U U u 1 ' _ . _ - [ v \ - _ _ ~ **\ \ ,-20 - :* 20 20 20 20 : HI HI - S.C. - U. ~ - Z 40 - : - 40 - - 40 / - 40 - P 40 - I \ PH ' - _ - - - - a. 60 \ 60 60 60 60 LU \ / Q \ 1 - - - 80 80 80 80 - .1 80 : M : - I OK OK i OK i ' r OK 1 QC. 550 600 650 550 600 650 500 550 600 650 550 600 650 500 550 600 650 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICRO-SIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

99 U. IZ z I I III O Is 0'10 .

UJ 2j <£ CC 0.08 - 1- . rn W ^f, 0.06 - ogCC jS ~ cod 0.04 - OS ~ 0 0 X 2 Q. . 9 ^ 0.02 * * * * *%_ * * c? \ m * *~ ° n i \ i i i i i i 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

O HOC SI SfS20 QCO ol

°I OS

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

i UJ _ Q 3 o co 4

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Okauchee Lake at Okauchee, Wisconsin. (Circles indicate laboratory detection limit for selected analyses. Actual concentrations for these particular analyses are less than the plotted circles.)

100 430759088244200 OKAUCHEE LAKE, NO. 1, NEAR OKAUCHEE, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°07'59", long 88°24'42", in NE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.30, T.8 N., R.18 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, near Okauchee. PERIOD OF RECORD.--April 1986 to current year. LAKE-STAGE GAGE.-Datum of gage is 869.00 ft above sea level. REMARKS.-Lake sampled in Crane's Nest Bay, in the northeast part of the lake, at an approximate depth of 7 ft. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MAY 06 TO AUGUST 19, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) May 06 June 27 July 25 Aug. 19

Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Lake stage (ft) 4.77 5.02 4.74 4.79 Specific conductance (\iS/cm) 554 514 550 555 pH (units) e 8.4 8.4 8.3 8.1 Water temperature (°C) 8.5 27.5 23.0 24.0 Secchi-depth (meters) 1.7 1.7 1.3 Dissolved oxygen 11.2 12.3 9.1 7.8 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.013 0.029 0.027 0.022 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (^ig/L) 3.3 5.9 8.9 7.8

430645088264500 OKAUCHEE LAKE, NO. 2, AT OKAUCHEE, WI LOCATION.-Lat 43°06'45", long 88°26'45", in SE 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.35, T.8 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, at Okauchee. PERIOD OF RECORD.--April 1986 to current year. LAKE-STAGE GAGE.-Datum of gage is 869.00 ft above sea level. REMARKS.-Lake sampled in Lower Okauchee Lake, at an approximate depth of 14 ft. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MAY 06 TO AUGUST 19, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) May 06 June 27 July 25 Aug. 19 Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Lake stage (ft) 4.77 5.02 4.74 0.00 Specific conductance (^S/cm) 549 534 506 485 pH (units) o 8.4 8.5 8.4 8.3 Water temperature (°C) 10.5 25.5 23.5 25.0 Secchi-depth (meters) 2.2 3.2 2.2 2.0 Dissolved oxygen 10.9 10.1 8.8 8.7 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.014 0.012 0.013 0.012 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (^ig/L) 4.5 2.7 4.0 4.7

101 430642088252400 OKAUCHEE LAKE, NO. 3, AT OKAUCHEE, WI LOCATION.--Lat 43°06'42", long 88°25'24", in NE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.36, T.8 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, at Okauchee. PERIOD OF RECORD.--April 1986 to current year. LAKE-STAGE GAGE.-Datum of gage is 869.00 ft above sea level. REMARKS. Lake sampled in Ice House Bay, in the southern part of the lake, at an approximate depth of 12 ft. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MAY 06 TO AUGUST 19,1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) May 06 June 27 July 25 Aug. 19 Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Lake stage (ft) 4.77 5.02 4.74 0.00 Specific conductance (US/cm) 548 514 489 490 pH (units) 8.4 8.5 8.5 8.2 Water temperature ( C) 10.0 25.0 23.5 25.0 Secchi-depth (meters) 2.7 3.5 1.9 1.5 Dissolved oxygen 11.5 10.3 9.3 8.2 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.015 0.014 0.014 0.012 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L) 5.8 1.7 6.1 7.8

430757088261700 OKAUCHEE LAKE, NO. 4, AT OKAUCHEE, WI LOCATION.~Lat 43°07'57", long 88°26'17", in NW 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.25, T.8 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, at Okauchee. PERIOD OF RECORD.-June 1986 to current year. LAKE-STAGE GAGE.-Datum of gage is 869.00 ft above sea level. REMARKS.-Lake sampled near McDowell (Crazyman's) Island, in the northwest bay of the lake, at an approximate depth of 5.5 ft. Water- quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MAY 06 TO AUGUST 19, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) May 06 June 27 July 25 Aug. 19 Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Lake stage (ft) 4.77 5.02 3.75 4.79 Specific conductance (jiS/cm) 550 519 513 511 pH (units) o 8.4 8.5 8.5 8.4 Water temperature (°C) 10.0 24.5 22.5 24.5 Secchi-depth (meters) 2.8 3.4 2.3 1.4 Dissolved oxygen 11.2 10.9 9.1 8.6 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.013 0.011 0.011 0.009 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (Jlg/L) 2.8 2.3 5.0 6.4

102 424905088204000 POTTER LAKE NEAR MUKWONAGO, WI LOCATION.-Lat 42°49'05", long 88°20'40", in NW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec. 11, T.4 N., R.18 E., Walworth County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, 3.3 mi south of Mukwonago. PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1993 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. Lake-stage values published in 1994 water year were 0.08 ft too low.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 09 TO AUGUST 05, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 09 Apr. 18 June 04 July 10 Aug. 05 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 24 1 .5 25 1.5 24 1.5 24 1.5 23 Lake stage (ft) 7 .98 8. 12 8. 22 8. 10 7 . 91 Specific conductance (|i.S/cm) 405 458 371 371 353 397 353 455 352 464 pH (units) 8.7 7.9 8 .9 8 .9 9.2 7.7 9.1 7.6 9.2 7.4 Water temperature (°C) 3.5 5.0 9. 0 9 .0 18.0 11.5 24.5 14.0 26.0 15.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ___ 15 15 ______Turbidity (NTU) ______0 .60 1 .00 ______Secchi-depth (meters) 4. 0 1. 8 3. 3 2. 2 Dissolved oxygen 8.2 1.4 11 .8 11 .5 10.8 0.0 8.4 0.2 9.8 0.1 Hardness, as CaCOS ___ 150 150 ___ Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ 25 25 ______--- Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ___ 22 21 ______Sodium, dissolved (Na) ___ 20 20 ______Potassium, dissolved (K) ______1 1 ______Alkalinity, as CaCOS ______130 130 ______Sulfate, dissolved (S04) 10 9 .0 ___ --- Chloride, dissolved (Cl) 44 44 ______Fluoride, dissolved (F) ___ 0 .1 0 .1 ___ Silica, dissolved (Si02) 0 .0 0 .0 ___ Solids, dissolved, at 180 C ___ 224 222 ___ Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) <0 .01 <0 .01 ___ Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)I) - <0 .03 <0 .03 ______Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ___ 0 .70 0 .60 ___ Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)I) --- 0 .70 0 .60 ______Nitrogen, total (as N) ___ 0 .70 0 .60 ___ Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .018 0 .016 0.021 0.034 0.014 0.048 0.013 0.113 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P),) 0 .006 0 .008 ______Iron, dissolved (Fe) (Kj/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) ng/ ___ __ <0 .4 0 .7 ___ Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|i.g/L)i) 2 .1 - -- 5.5 ___ 2.3 2.6 ___

2-9-96 4-18-96 6-4-96 7-10-96 8-5-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER

10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 I ' _'_ u 1 : u .

'- 5 -j 5 - i -I

'_ 10 _i 10 - / ~. '- W.T. -

15 j- -j 15 -_ \ J UJ Q '- 20 D.O. -j 20 -/ j -_

<3K ! , . , . i , . , iii.." <3K -,,,,! I. . i , , . , : 10 20 30 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 8 9 10 8 9 10 8 9 10 8 9 10 8 9 10 u 1 ' ' :

5 - s.c. -_

10 - -_ PH - 15 ~ ~ UJ o 20 - -j

<3K 350 400 450 500 400 450 500 50 400 450 500 350 400 450 500 350 400 450 500 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

103 0.05 I.o 0.04

0.03

0.01 IL-L JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND 1993 1994 1995 1996

JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASOND 1993 1994 1995 1996

i O01 3_

JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND 1993 1994 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Potter Lake near Mukwonago, Wisconsin.

104 423246088175800 POWERS LAKE AT POWERS LAKE, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42°32'46", long 88°17'58", in NW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.13, T.I N., R.18 E., Walworth County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, at Powers Lake. DRAINAGE AREA.--3.42 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1986 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 05 TO AUGUST 12, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 05 Apr. 16 June 10 July 15 Aug. 12 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 34 1 .5 33 1.5 34 1.5 33 1.5 31 Lake stage (ft) 10.68 10 .07 10,.33 9,.82 10..10 Specific conductance (^.S/cm) 496 532 482 483 473 489 480 508 469 503 pH (units) 7.6 7.8 8 .4 8 .4 8.4 7.7 8.5 7.6 8.4 7.4 Water temperature (°C) 3.0 4.5 7. 0 7 .0 17.5 13.5 24.0 13.5 26.5 14.5 Color (Pt-Co. scale) 5 5 ______Turbidity (NTU) <0 .50 <0 .50 ______Secchi-depth (meters) ___ 4 .6 3,.6 3 .0 2,.1 Dissolved oxygen 14.2 4.2 11 .6 11 .5 9.8 2.0 8.5 0.3 8.6 0.2 Hardness, as CaC03 220 220 ______Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ 34 34 Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) 33 33 ------Sodium, dissolved (Na) 17 16 ______Potassium, dissolved (K) 2 2 ___ Alkalinity, as CaC03 180 180 ___ Sulfate, dissolved (S04) 32 32 ___ Chloride, dissolved (Cl) ___ 35 35 Fluoride, dissolved (F) ___ 0 .1 0 .1 ______Silica, dissolved (Si02) ___ 5 .9 5 .9 ___ Solids, dissolved, at 180°C 310 308 ______Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) ___ 0 .02 0 .02 ______Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)I) ___ <0 .03 <0 .03 ______Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)I) ___ 0 .50 0 .50 ______--- Nitrogen, total (as N) 0 .52 0 .52 ______Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ <0 .007 <0 .007 0.014 0.031 0.012 0.065 0.009 0.040 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)>) -- - <0 .002 <0 .002 ___ --- Iron, dissolved (Fe) Jig/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) jig/L ______<0 .4 <0 .4 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L),) 2 .0 - 8.0 2.8 3.9

2-5-96 4-16-96 6-10-96 7-15-96 8-12-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 D 10 2( 10 20

10 10 - 10 n^ W.T.

20 20 - 20 D.O. -

30 - 30

35 10 20 30 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6 7 8 9 10 u : \ - t- . UJ 10 _ _ UJ IU - 10 10 10 10 u_ S.C. z -

JE 20 ~ - 20 20 20 20 0. ~ LU « , Q *-.t 30 - 30 30 30 30 ' ! QK - J, 35 35 35 450 500 550 450 500 550 450 500 550 450 500 550 450 500 550 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

105 0.06

0^0.04 sSo£

83 d 0-02

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

O FPC

oa 3- o

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

P4 u. UJ Q

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Powers Lake at Powers Lake, Wisconsin. (Circles indicate laboratory detection limit for selected analyses. Actual concentrations for these particular analyses are less than the plotted circles.)

106 425722088295000 PRETTY LAKE, AT DEEP HOLE, NEAR DOUSMAN, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42°57'22", long 88°29'50", in NE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.28, T.6 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, 4.1 mi south of Dousman. PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1993 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near northeast end of lake at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 09 TO AUGUST 06, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless etherise indicated) Feb. 09 Apr. 09 June 04 July 10 Aug. 06 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 30 1 .5 29 1.5 32 1.5 30 1.5 31 Lake stage (ft) 862 .46 863 .48 863 .30 863 .42 Specific conductance (LiS/cm) 372 422 354 356 347 380 318 404 306 430 pH (units) 8.3 7.6 8 .4 8 .3 8.6 7.5 8.7 7.5 8.6 7.4 Water temperature (°C) 4.0 5.0 6. 5 6 .5 18.0 11.0 24.5 12.5 25.5 13.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) 5 5 ___ Turbidity (NTU) <0 .50 <0 .50 ______Secchi-depth (meters) 4. 4 6. 2 3. 2 2. 4 Dissolved oxygen 12.0 0.0 12 .1 11 .3 10.3 0.1 8.6 0.0 8.1 0.2 Hardness, as CaCO3 180 180 ______Calcium, dissolved (Ca) 29 29 ______Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) 25 25 ______Sodium, dissolved (Na) 7..7 7 .4 ___ Potassium, dissolved (K) 1 1 ___ Alkalinity, as CaCO3 170 170 ______Sulfate, dissolved (SO4) 15 15 ______Chloride, dissolved (Cl) 13 12 ______Fluoride, dissolved (F) ___ 0 .1 0 .1 ___ Silica, dissolved (Si02) ___ 0 .2 0 .2 ______Solids, dissolved, at 180°C 204 202 ___ Nitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N) ___ 0 .01 0 .05 ______Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)I) 0 .11 0 .12 ______Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) 0 .58 0 .48 ___ --- ___ Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)I) 0 .70 0 .60 ______Nitrogen, total (as N) 0 .71 0 .65 ___ Phosphorus, total (as P) 0 .008 0 .008 0.012 0.023 0.011 0.011 0.08 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)>) <0 .002 <0 .002 Iron, dissolved (Fe) Llg/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) \ig/L ______<0 .4 <0 .4 _ _ ___ Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (Llg/L),) - 2 .5 - 1.5 2.3 3.2

2-9-96 4-9-96 6-4-96 7-10-96 8-6-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 10 10 20 10 20

W.T.

16 D.O. J 16 16

24 24 24

32 32 32 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 u 0 ': ' .' ' : '_ LU 8 V ^ LLJ / LL / **

z / ** " S.C PH j ~1 16 - ' 16 16 16 16 I - t LU - Q 24 24 24 24 24 \ : \ no 323 32 32300 350 400 450 300 350 400 450 300 350 400 450 350 400 450 350 400 450 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

107 0.018

< ff 0.016 h- LU Z h- LU j CE 0.014 8^LU 0.012 os ;=J 0.010

0.008

0.006 i i i i i i i i i i JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASOND 1993 1994 1995 1996

ICE < LU CCb 4

I CE 0.0

,,,, JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND 1993 1994 1995 1996

c/j LU 2 LU

JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND 1993 1994 1995 1996

CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Pretty Lake, at Deep Hole, near Dousman, Wisconsin.

108 453725091345100 RED CEDAR LAKE, DEEP HOLE, NEAR MIKANA, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 45°37'25", long 91°34'5r, in NW 1/4 NW 1/4 sec. 11, T.36 N., R.10 W, Barren County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, 2.4 mi northeast of Mikana. PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1993 to August 1994 and March to September 1996. REMARKS. Lake sampled in northern part of lake at deep hole. Lake ice-covered during March sampling. Water-quality analyses by Wis consin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MARCH 13 TO AUGUST 21, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Mar. 13 May 09 June 25 July 23 Aug. 21 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 48 1.5 46 1.5 50 1.5 51 1.5 50 Lake stage (ft) 10.05 10.69 10.65 10.84 10.70 Specific conductance ((is/cm) 129 300 137 143 125 162 124 190 117 191 pH (units) 7.0 7.4 7.7 7.5 8.1 7.0 8.6 7.2 8.9 7.0 Water temperature (°C) 1.5 5.5 9.5 6.0 20.0 9.5 22.5 10.0 23.5 11.0 Secchi-depth (meters) 2.1 2.7 1.7 1.8 Dissolved oxygen 10.2 0.0 10.9 7.1 9.4 0.0 9.7 0.1 10.2 0.1 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.025 0.042 0.014 0.097 0.019 0.310 0.023 0.399 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/Li - 12 8.0 20 18

3-13-96 5-9-96 6-25-96 7-23-96 8-21-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 0 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 0 - W.T. D.O.

15 15 15 15 15

30 30 30 30 30

45 45 45 45 45

10 20 30 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 u

\\ pH

UJ&15 '5 15 15 15 15 UL z . . fE 30 , _ 30 30 30 30 Q. UJ " Q \% ****.... S.C. 45 - \ "--.. : t;i 100 150 200 250 300 100 150 200 250 300 100 150 200 250 300 100 150 200 250 300 100 150 200 250 300 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

109 TOTAL PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION, CHLOROPHYLL a CONCENTRATION, IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER SECCHI DEPTH, IN METERS IN MICROGRAMS PER LITER p p p p CO M -" O O - M CO 8 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 I .. 1 1 1 1 1 c_ C_ c_ Tl - Tl - Tl - S. S 3» > > CO z. 0 7 2 CD _^ ^ - -. «_ 5^ 9- c 8 c- * 8 «- toco «-, -l« > > > Q. 0> CD 0 « CO CO "E 2. ° _ O _ O . - z - z - w § o 0 0 c_ c_ ?4J r ~ _ -jg =r TI Tl Tl CD c/> ^ S 2 > Q- "O > - - > S CD ^ - c_ to *~ Q. C Jg r : . - 0) W *> c- it "l Q) > > ~ > - CO - CO - Ft*r g£ "o O O CD o S z z ,-^ ^ z W 0 5° 0 o °5 5 " c_ c_ - Tl - Tl - ^ 5 ^ S 2 CD ^. 5 ^ > > Q. 0) ^ S 2 . 5" - 5 «- - ^8 g- 1- _, 3 tn c- tn c- ~ m ^ > > m" 3 w CO CO g g 0 O O - . . z - z - - < O o 0 o c_ c_ 55' -5° ^~ . . . Q 0) - Tl - Tl - 2 2 - f^ «.^ - CO ^^ ^ > > 2 S ? s '. * i r to c" _ 5 C- w « o>to c- o><0 c,- en c- 0 > 0 > > CO CO CO O O o z z z 0 , , , , 1 , , , , 1 , . , , 1 , , , . 0 , , , , i , , , , i , . . . i , , , , o . . , . I . . . , 1 . 1 , 1 , , , . 1 1 . , 1 ...... 1 ...... I . . 453519091352500 RED CEDAR LAKE, SOUTH END, AT MIKANA, WI LOCATION.«Lat 45°35'19", long 91°35'25", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.22, T.36 N., R.IO W, Barron County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, at Mikana. PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1993 to August 1994 and March to September 1996. REMARKS. Lake sampled 0.2 mi northwest of Honeymoon Island. Lake ice-covered during March sampling. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MARCH 12 TO AUGUST 21, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Mar. 12 May 09 June 25 July 23 Aug. 21 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 29 1.5 28 1.5 28 1.5 29 1.5 29 Lake stage (ft) 10.05 10.69 10.65 10.84 10.70 Specific conductance (n.S/cm) 148 147 124 129 114 134 123 155 120 160 pH (units) 7.1 7.1 7.7 7.6 7.9 6.8 8.5 7.0 8.8 7.0 Water temperature (°C) 1.0 4.5 8.0 6.0 20.0 13.0 22.5 13.5 23.0 15.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ___ 20 25 ______Turbidity (NTU) ______1.3 1.4 ______Secchi-depth (meters) 1.8 2.0 1.7 1.5 Dissolved oxygen 11.9 2.3 11 .0 8 .8 .0 0. .5 0. 10.1 0.1 Hardness, as CaC03 59 60 Calcium, dissolved (Ca) 15 15 Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) 5 .3 5 .5 Sodium, dissolved (Na) 2 .5 2 .5 Potassium, dissolved (K) 1 .0 0 .9 Alkalinity, as CaC03 58 60 Sulfate, dissolved (S04) 4 .0 3 .0 Chloride, dissolved (Cl) 2 .2 2 .2 Fluoride, dissolved (F) 0 .1 0 .1 Silica, dissolved (Si02) 13 14 Solids, dissolved, at 180°C 88 98 Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) 0 .14 0 .15 Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N) 0 .12 0 .05 Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N) 0 .40 0 .40 Nitrogen, total (as N) 0 .54 0 .55 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0. 030 0..030 0.020 0.025 0.020 0.067 0.018 0.185 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P) 0 .005 0 .004 Iron, dissolved (Fe) |ig/L 200 150 Manganese, dissolved (Mn) (ig/L 95 210 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton ((ig/L) 14 - -- 11 21 13

3-12-96 5-9-96 6-25-96 7-23-96 8-21-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 0 10 20 10 20 0 10 20 0 10 20 0 0 Oi i i i i |

KHo 10 10 10 10 D.O. i g]20 20 20 20 20 Q

30 30 30 30 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10

£10 s.c. 10 10 10 10 Z PH I Q_ n/\ UJ «J 20 20 20 20 a

30 30 30 30 100 125 150 175 200 100 125 150 175 200 100 125 150 175 200 100 125 150 175 200 100 125 150 175 200 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

111 0.04

DC DC S3 o£ O CO Ii fed

JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND 1993 1994 1995 1996

O Fee < LU OC t 3

I EC Q.O or-052 2- o O 1 "- I I I I JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND 1993 1994 1995 1996

CO I 1

JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND 1993 1994 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Red Cedar Lake (south end) at Mikana, Wisconsin.

112 430436088293300 SILVER LAKE NEAR OCONOMOWOC, WI LOCATION.~Lat 43°04'36"long 88°29'33", in NE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.16, T.7 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, near Oconomowoc. PERIOD OF RECORD.--April 1992 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 08 TO AUGUST 07, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 08 May 06 June 05 July 11 Aug. 07 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 36 1 .5 37 1.5 37 1.5 37 1.5 36 Lake stage (ft) ___ 11 .15 11 .21 11 .44 11 .33 Specific conductance (US/cm) 575 636 589 590 579 593 575 611 562 610 pH (units) 8.2 7.7 8 .4 8 .2 8.3 7.6 8.4 7.8 8.3 7.8 Water temperature (°C) 4.0 4.5 10. 5 10 .0 17.5 11.5 24.0 14.0 26.0 15.5 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ___ 10 5 ______Turbidity (NTU) ______0 .70 0 .70 ______--- Secchi-depth (meters) 5 .0 6 .0 9,.4 4 .2 Dissolved oxygen 13.4 5.0 11 .0 9 .1 9.6 1.2 8.2 1.9 8.4 0.8 Hardness, as CaCOS ___ 230 230 ___ Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ 36 36 --- Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ___ 33 33 Sodium, dissolved (Na) ___ 28 28 Alkalinity, as CaCO3 180 180 ___ Sulfate, dissolved (SO4) ___ 30 30 ______Chloride, dissolved (Cl) ___ 60 60 ______Fluoride, dissolved (F) ___ <0 .1 <0 .1 ___ Silica, dissolved (SiO2) 6 .2 6 .6 ______Solids, dissolved, at 180°C ___ 330 332 ___ ------Nitrogen, NO2 + N03, diss. (as N) 0 .32 0 .31 ___ Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)I) 0 .22 0 .26 ______Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ___ 0 .58 0 .54 ------Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)j) ___ 0 .80 0 .80 ___ --- Nitrogen, total (as N) ___ 1 .1 1 .1 ______Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .008 0 .007 0.007 0.007 <0.007 <0.008 <0.007 0.014 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)>) <0 .002 <0 .002 --- ___ Iron, dissolved (Fe) Lig/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) ng/ ______<0 .4 <0 .4 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L)j} 1 .4 - -- 0.6 ___ 0.7 3.0

2-8-96 5-6-96 6-5-96 7-11-96 8-7-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20

LJ 10 10 10 10 10 LLJ W.T.

T--20 20 D.O. 20 20 20

30 30 30 30

38 38 38 38 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6 789 10 u U U u u - : ' I j : w 10 10 10 10 10 w I \ \ I I '- LJL - - z : ' j : : s.c. / '- } - - - - 20 £20 20 20 - \ 20 '* / : \ :- pH - - : x J \ w '. \l '. ; \/ °30 : /" -., \ 30 - 30 - 30 - 30 i ; (\ 00 IV \ ts \ OO oo oo oo 5.50 600 6£50 5!50 600 6£>0 5.50 60C) 6£>0 5150 600 6£ 5.50 600 65 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

113 0.020

z H 0.015

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

o UJ0-3

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

0| i i i i i i i i i . i I i i i i i i i i i i i I i

O O UJ - (O 8

10 I I I I I I I I I 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Silver Lake near Oconomowoc, Wisconsin. (Circles indicate laboratory detection limit for selected analyses. Actual concentrations for these particular analyses are less than the plotted circles.)

114 432322088125000 SILVER LAKE NEAR WEST BEND, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°23'22", long 88"12'50", in NE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.27, T.ll N., R.19 E., Washington County, Hydrologic Unit 04040003, 1.4 mi southwest of West Bend. PERIOD OF RECORD.--February to August 1996. REMARKS. Lake sampled at northern end of southern lobe of lake at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 14 TO AUGUST 21, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 14 May 01 June 24 July 23 Aug., 21 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 45 1..5 45 1.5 45 1.5 45 1.5 45 Lake stage (ft) - ---- 11. 22 11. 98 11..29 Specific conductance (fiS/cm) 523 583 507 508 463 546 451 566 442 579 pH (units) 8.2 7.6 8..2 7 .9 8.5 7.6 8.4 7.4 8.2 7.4 Water temperature (°C) 2.5 4.0 9. 0 7 .0 21.0 8.5 23.5 8.5 24.5 9.0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) 5 5 ______Turbidity (NTU) ___ 0 .50 0 .60 ______Secchi-depth (meters) -- - 4,.5 2. 7 4. 7 2.,5 Dissolved oxygen 11.6 1.0 10 .8 8 .4 10.1 0.3 9.5 0.2 9.0 0.2 Hardness, as CaC03 ___ 250 260 ______Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ 44 44 Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ______35 36 ___ Sodium, dissolved (Na) ___ 8,.5 8 .5 ___ Potassium, dissolved (K) ___ 1 1 ___ Alkalinity, as CaC03 240 240 ___ Sulfate, dissolved (S04) ______20 21 ______Chloride, dissolved (Cl) ___ 19 19 ___ Fluoride, dissolved (F) ___ 0 .1 0 .1 ______Silica, dissolved (Si02) ___ 12 13 ______Solids, dissolved, at 180 C ______296 294 ______Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) 0 .11 0 .11 --- Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)f) - 0 .32 0 .43 ______Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ___ 0 .48 0 .47 ______Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)1) ___ 0 .80 0 .90 ______Nitrogen, total (as N) ___ 0 .91 1 .0 ______Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .015 0 .015 0.009 0.046 <0.007 0.072 0.008 0.065 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P),) <0 .002 <0 .002 ______Iron, dissolved (Fe) fig/L 0 Manganese, dissolved (Mn) fig/L ______<0 .4 2 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (fig/L),) ___ 2 .1 - -- 3.5 1.7 2.5

2-14-96 5-1-96 6-24-96 7-23-96 8-21-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 c 1C) 2( 10 20 10 10 20 0 - D.O. - 10 \ I 20 -

30 - -j UJ O 40 - 47 c 10 20 30 ) 10 20 3 0 10 20 30 " 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS o6 7 8 9 K 8 9 10 6 7 8 9 10 10 10 U 1 ' 1 0 ;' 0 1 ' : u 1 ' ' ~- -^ J- \ '7 -j te 10 - s.c. PH -_ 10 10 J \ 10 10 - -_ UJ u. '- '- \ ""\ 1 220 - - 20 -_ 20 -_ 20 -_ 20 ~~ ""\\ '

- -_ -_ -m t 30 30 30 30 r V 30 UJ r } r jf -. O ] : ) -_ '- I -_ -j 40 40 ^ J 40 40 i- |. 40 r l\ -I : , A.-7 ; , - i ' i ATI i rf7 , AT i , , 47 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

115 424854088123300 TICHIGAN LAKE NEAR WATERFORD, WI LOCATION.--Lat 42°48'54" long 88°12'33", in SE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec. 11, T.4 N., R.19 E., Racine County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006,3.5 mi north of Waterford. PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1994 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 09 TO AUGUST 13, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 09 Apr. 23 June 12 July 29 Aug. 13 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 60 1 .5 61 1.5 61 1.5 60 1.5 60 Lake stage (ft) ___ 4. 77 5. 04 4. 96 4. 12 Specific conductance (|iS/cm) 829 1010 837 840 781 862 692 867 690 883 pH (units) 8.1 7.5 8 .4 8 .1 8.5 7.5 8.5 7.4 8.5 7.3 Water temperature (°C) 3.5 2.5 11.,0 7 .0 18.5 8.5 23.5 9.0 25.5 8.5 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ___ 30 25 ______Turbidity (NTU) ___ 2 .7 2 .1 ___ Secchi-depth (meters) 1. 3 2. 7 2. 4 2. 7 Dissolved oxygen 11.2 1.8 11 .6 9 .2 11.2 0.8 9.7 0.5 9.4 0.4 Hardness, as CaC03 ___ 280 280 ------Calcium, dissolved (Ca) 57 58 ______--- Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ___ 34 34 ______Sodium, dissolved (Na) ___ 55 57 ------Potassium, dissolved (K) ___ 3 3 ______Alkalinity, as CaC03 ___ --- 230 230 ___ ------Sulfate, dissolved (S04) ___ 47 48 ___ Chloride, dissolved (Cl) ___ 100 100 ______Fluoride, dissolved (F) ___ 0 .2 0 .2 ______Silica, dissolved (Si02) ___ 0 .0 0 .3 ______--- Solids, dissolved, at 180°C ___ 472 476 ___ Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) ___ 0 .85 0 .76 ------Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)I) ___ <0 .03 0 .32 ______Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ______1 .1 0 .98 ______------Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)[) ___ 1 .1 1 .3 ______Nitrogen, total (as N) ___ 1 .9 2 .1 ______Phosphorus, total (as P) ___ 0 .052 0 .071 0.027 0.358 0.021 0.629 0.015 0.817 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P),) <0 .002 0 .004 ___ --- ___ Iron, dissolved (Fe) |ig/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) (ig/L ______0 .4 47 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L),) 22 - 6.7 6.7 5.9 ___

2-9-96 4-23-96 6-12-96 7-29-96 8-13-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 c 10 2 u 0 J ) ' fc} 16 16 16 16 16 UJ -SJ- LL ~z 32 32 32 32 1 32 !

UJ O 48 48 48 48 48

, , , , I , . , , I , , . i 64 64 64 RA CAC4o 10 20 30 10 20 30 "0 10 20 30 " 0 10 20 30 10 20 3 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

16 16 16 16 16 UJ s.c. - ~ 32 32 - PH _ 32 32 32

Q_ UJ Q 48 48 - - 48 48 48 " J 64 RA 64 64 64 650 750 850 950 1,050 650 750 850 950 1,050 650 750 850 950 1,050 650 750 850 950 1,050 650 750 850 950 1,050 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

116 0.08 z O L ^zl^ 0.06 °, 3^0.04 DC, co =! O2 0.02

JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND 1994 1995 1996

O HOC < LU 30

8! 20

iioI OC

JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASOND 1994 1995 1996

i LU 5Q 2

JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND JFMAMJJASOND 1994 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Tichigan Lake near Waterford, Wisconsin.

117 455909089405602 VANDERCOOK LAKE NEAR WOODRUFF, WI LOCATION.--Lat 45°59'09", long 89°40'56", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.36, T.41 N., R.6 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001, at north end of lake on dirt road off County Trunk Highway M, 6.1 mi north of Woodruff. DRAINAGE AREA.--1.11 mi2. Area of lake, 0.17 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-November 1980 to current year. GAGE.-Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 1,600.00 ft above sea level. REMARKS. Precision of records (estimated to be about ±0.1 ft) is poorer than normal owing to equipment problems. Lake does not have surface inlet or outlet. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum observed gage height, 32.26 ft, Apr. 8-10, 1986; minimum observed gage height, 28.97 ft, Oct. 28,1989. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum observed gage height, 31.32 ft, Aug. 7; minimum observed gage height, 30.42 ft, Oct. 5.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES DAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 30.44 30.62 30.51 31.12 31.10 31.15 31.22 31.10 2 30.43 30.66 30.51 30.94 31.13 31.14 31.18 31.21 31.10 3 30.44 30.65 30.51 30.96 31.13 31.15 31.17 31.21 31.10 4 30.43 30.64 30.49 e30.96 31.12 31.15 31.16 31.20 31.17 5 30.42 30.64 30.50 e30.96 31.14 31.14 31.15 31.25 31.16

6 30.50 30.63 30.49 e30.96 31.16 31.15 31.14 31.29 31.15 7 30.58 30.62 30.48 e30.95 31.15 31.15 31.17 31.32 31.14 8 30.57 30.61 30.47 e30.95 31.13 31.15 31.17 31.30 31.13 9 30.57 30.60 30.47 e30.95 31.14 31.15 31.28 31.13 10 30.57 30.61 30.47 30.94 31.13 31.13 31.27 31.12

11 30.57 30.59 30.46 30.95 31.13 31.12 31.26 31.13 12 30.57 30.58 30.46 30.96 31.13 31.16 31.25 31.11 13 30.56 30.58 30.46 31.00 31.12 31.17 31.25 31.08 14 30.56 30.57 30.53 30.97 31.11 31.16 31.24 31.05 15 30.56 30.56 30.52 31.00 31.10 31.17 31.24 31.05

16 30.55 30.56 30.51 31.00 31.11 31.09 31.16 31.23 31.03 17 30.55 30.55 30.51 31.03 e31.18 31.08 31.16 31.22 31.01 18 30.53 30.56 30.51 31.03 e31.18 31.08 31.21 31.22 e31.01 19 30.53 30.54 30.52 31.07 31.25 31.08 31.22 31.21 eSl.OO 20 30.53 30.55 30.51 31.06 31.25 31.08 31.21 31.23 e30.99

21 30.56 30.54 30.51 31.06 31.22 31.09 31.20 31.22 e31.06 22 30.55 30.53 30.51 31.06 31.24 31.09 31.19 31.25 e31.05 23 30.57 30.52 30.52 31.05 31.22 31.08 31.18 31.23 e31.03 24 30.63 30.51 30.51 31.06 31.20 31.09 31.18 31.22 e31.02 25 30.63 30.51 30.51 31.09 31.19 31.09 31.18 31.21 e31.01

26 30.62 30.53 30.51 31.13 31.17 31.14 31.16 31.18 31.03 27 30.62 30.52 30.51 31.13 31.15 31.18 31.16 31.17 31.04 28 30.62 30.50 30.51 31.12 31.12 31.18 31.22 31.16 31.04 29 30.61 30.49 30.49 31.14 31.09 31.18 31.24 31.15 31.02 30 30.61 30.51 30.50 31.15 31.09 31.16 31.23 31.13 31.02 31 30.60 30.48 31.08 31.23 31.10 -

MEAN 30.55 30.57 30.50 31.12 31.18 31.22 31.07 MAX 30.63 30.66 30.53 31.18 31.24 31.32 31.17 MIN 30.42 30.49 30.46 31.08 31.12 31.10 30.99 e Estimated

118 424857088101500 WAUBEESEE LAKE AT WIND LAKE, WI LOCATION.-Lat 42°48'57", long 88°10'15", in SE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.7, T.4 N., R.20 E., Racine County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, at Wind Lake. DRAINAGE AREA.-5.16 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-Febraary 1988 to August 1989, February 1991 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near southwest end at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 06 TO AUGUST 13, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 06 Apr. 10 June 11 July 16 Aug. 13 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 69 1 .5 71 1.5 72 1.5 68 1.5 73 Lake stage (ft) 4 .93 4. 90 5. 32 5. 76 4. 88 Specific conductance (H-S/cm) 464 474 444 446 452 453 433 453 423 461 pH (units) 7.9 7.7 8 .1 8 .0 8.3 7.6 8.5 7.6 8.6 7.5 Water temperature ( C) 2.5 3.5 6. 0 5 .5 17.5 6.5 25.0 6.5 26.0 6.5 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ___ 25 25 Turbidity (NTU) 0 .60 1 .2 ___ Secchi-depth (meters) - -- 4. 7 5. 7 2. 8 2. 8 Dissolved oxygen 11.9 6.5 11 .7 11 .4 9.6 2.7 9.3 0.0 8.4 0.0 Hardness, as CaCO3 ___ 210 210 ___ Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ 42 42 ______Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ___ 25 25 ______--- Sodium, dissolved (Na) ___ 13 13 ______Potassium, dissolved (K) ___ 3 3 ___ ------Alkalinity, as CaCO3 170 170 ______Sulfate, dissolved (SO4) 29 29 ______Chloride, dissolved (CD ___ 27 27 ______Fluoride, dissolved (F) ___ 0 .1 0 .1 ___ --- ___ Silica, dissolved (SiO2) 1 .0 1 .0 ___ --- Solids, dissolved, at 180 C ___ 268 264 ______Nitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N) ___ 0 .20 0 .20 ______Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N) ___ <0 .03 <0 .03 ___ Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ___ 0 .80 0 .80 ___ Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N) ___ 0 .80 0 .80 ______Nitrogen, total (as N) 1 .0 1 .0 ______Phosphorus, total (as P) 0 .012 0 .013 0.008 0.111 0.012 0.113 0.010 0.217 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P) <0 .002 0 .002 --- ______Iron, dissolved (Fe) }ig/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) }ig/L ______<0 .4 1 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (}ig/L) 2 .4 - -- 1.1 1.3 2.6 ___ 3.4

2-6-96 4-10-96 6-11-96 7-16-96 8-13-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10

10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 10 10 10 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 u i I1 ' ' ' : ' I ' ' 1 ' I ' t 15 - 15 - - 15 15 15 - ^'' 111 ' s.c. - ; / : - "o - -30 - - - - - 30 30 i 30 I 30 ' ~ I '_ pH _ 45 _ _ 45 - / - 45 - / - 45 - - . . . . 111 I / o g I - - ~ ~ "~ 60 «, - 60 60 i 60 60 , I , '' , 1 , , i 7K i , , 7K 7K 7C i i i 75 400 425 450 475 500 400 425 450 475 500 400 425 450 475 500 400 425 450 475 500 400 425 450 475 500 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

119 0.03

Q ff 0.02

°co |l 85 d 0.01 02 £2

o u 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

o HOC < LU

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

0)1 E.CC

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchj depths for Waubeesee Lake at Wind Lake, Wisconsin. (Circles indicate laboratory detection limit for selected analyses. Actual concentrations for these particular analyses are less than the plotted circles.)

120 424608088414800 WHTTEWATER LAKE NEAR WHTTEWATER, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 42°46'08", long 88°41'48", in NW 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.35, T.4 N., R.15 E., Walworth County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, at outlet, 5.0 mi southeast of Whitewater and 10.0 mi north of Delavan. DRAINAGE AREA.--10.9 mi2, of which 8.5 mi2 is non-contributing. PERIOD OF RECORD.-November 1990 to current year. GAGE.-Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 861.00 ft above sea level, revised, (Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources). REMARKS.-No estimated daily gage heights. Records good. Point of zero flow of dam crest is 10.97 ft. Rainfall data published in 1991 under this station number are now stored under station number 424559088420300. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height, 11.42 ft, June 18,19,1996; minimum daily gage height, 8.89 ft, Oct. 2, 3,1991. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.--Maximum gage height, 11.42 ft, June 18,19; minimum daily gage height, 10.25 ft, Oct. 5.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 10.28 10.53 10.68 10.66 10.77 10.78 10.65 10.67 10.75 11.25 10.99 10.71 2 10.26 10.57 10.68 10.66 10.78 10.78 10.65 10.66 10.86 11.24 10.98 10.70 3 10.26 10.56 10.68 10.66 10.78 10.77 10.64 10.66 10.89 11.22 10.98 10.68 4 10.26 10.55 10.67 10.66 10.78 10.76 10.63 10.65 10.90 11.20 10.97 10.68 5 10.25 10.55 10.68 10.66 10.78 10.76 10.62 10.64 10.91 11.18 10.96 10.66

6 10.40 10.54 10.67 10.66 10.78 10.76 10.62 10.63 10.94 11.17 11.01 10.65 7 10.44 10.53 10.66 10.66 10.79 10.77 10.61 10.63 11.16 11.16 11.01 10.64 8 10.43 10.52 10.66 10.66 10.82 10.77 10.60 10.63 11.15 11.15 11.00 10.64 9 10.43 10.52 10.67 10.66 10.82 10.77 10.60 10.65 11.14 11.14 10.98 10.63 10 10.42 10.54 10.67 10.66 10.82 10.76 10.59 10.75 11.15 11.12 10.96 10.62

11 10.42 10.63 10.67 10.68 10.82 10.75 10.59 10.76 11.15 11.11 10.94 10.61 12 10.41 10.62 10.67 10.69 10.81 10.75 10.58 10.76 11.16 11.09 10.93 10.58 13 10.41 10.62 10.67 10.69 10.80 10.75 10.56 10.75 11.16 11.08 10.91 10.55 14 10.40 10.62 10.68 10.69 10.80 10.75 10.55 10.74 11.17 11.09 10.90 10.54 15 10.38 10.61 10.70 10.68 10.79 10.75 10.62 10.75 11.16 11.09 10.89 10.53

16 10.36 10.61 10.69 10.68 10.79 10.74 10.64 10.75 11.16 11.07 10.87 10.51 17 10.36 10.61 10.69 10.69 10.78 10.74 10.64 10.76 11.24 11.08 10.85 10.50 18 10.34 10.61 10.68 10.74 10.78 10.73 10.65 10.76 11.40 11.12 10.84 10.49 19 10.35 10.61 10.68 10.77 10.77 10.73 10.67 10.77 11.40 11.12 10.86 10.49 20 10.37 10.61 10.68 10.77 10.77 10.71 10.69 10.78 11.39 11.09 10.86 10.48

21 10.38 10.61 10.68 10.77 10.77 10.70 10.67 10.81 11.38 11.07 10.85 10.48 22 10.37 10.60 10.67 10.77 10.76 10.69 10.67 10.81 11.37 11.06 10.84 10.47 23 10.38 10.60 10.67 10.77 10.76 10.69 10.65 10.80 11.36 11.06 10.82 10.46 24 10.39 10.59 10.66 10.77 10.77 10.69 10.65 10.79 11.34 11.05 10.81 10.47 25 10.37 10.59 10.66 10.77 10.77 10.71 10.65 10.78 11.33 11.04 10.79 10.46

26 10.36 10.58 10.66 10.77 10.78 10.67 10.63 10.77 11.32 11.04 10.77 10.51 27 10.43 10.62 10.66 10.77 10.79 10.66 10.61 10.77 11.30 11.03 10.75 10.56 28 10.47 10.68 10.66 10.77 10.79 10.66 10.60 10.76 11.30 11.02 10.74 10.54 29 10.46 10.68 10.66 10.78 10.78 10.65 10.63 10.75 11.28 11.03 10.72 10.53 30 10.46 10.68 10.66 10.77 10.65 10.67 10.75 11.27 11.02 10.72 10.53 31 10.45 10.66 10.77 10.66 10.74 11.01 10.72

MEAN 10.38 10.59 10.67 10.71 10.79 10.73 10.63 10.73 11.18 11.10 10.88 10.56 MAX 10.47 10.68 10.70 10.78 10.82 10.78 10.69 10.81 11.40 11.25 11.01 10.71 MIN .10.25 10.52 10.66 10.66 10.76 10.65 10.55 10.63 10.75 11.01 10.72 10.46

121 424915088083900 WIND LAKE AT WIND LAKE, WI LOCATION.--Lat 42°49'15", long 88°08'39", in NW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.9, T.4 N., R.20 E., Racine County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, at Wind Lake. PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1985 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, OCTOBER 11,1995 TO APRIL 23, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Oct. 11 Dec. 07 Feb. 06 Apr. 23 Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 50 1.5 49 3 .0 50 1 .5 45 Lake stage (ft) 8. 11 7. 36 7. 40 7. 96 Specific conductance (uS/cm) 512 522 548 545 641 908 622 623 pH (units) 8.5 8.1 8.2 8.5 7 .9 7 .2 8 .3 8 .1 Water temperature (°C) 15.5 14.0 1.5 2.0 1 .5 3 .5 10.,5 9 .0 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ___ - -- - 35 35 Turbidity (NTU) ___ - -- - 3 .2 2 .7 Secchi-depth (meters) 1 .0 1 .1 - 1 .1 Dissolved oxygen 10.4 6.2 13.8 12.6 11 .4 0 .7 10 .0 8 .4 Hardness, as CaC03 ______------240 240 Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ - -- - 49 48 Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ______------29 28 Sodium, dissolved (Na) ___ ------31 31 Potassium, dissolved (K) - -- - 3 3 Alkalinity, as CaC03 ___ - -- - 190 190 Sulfate, dissolved (S04) ___ - -- - 36 36 Chloride, dissolved (Cl) ___ - -- - 62 62 Fluoride, dissolved (F) ___ ------0 .1 0 .2 Silica, dissolved (Si02) ------0 .0 0 .1 Solids, dissolved, at 180°C ______-.-- - 360 362 Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) ___ - - -- 0 .19 0 .16 Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N) - -- - 0 .27 0 .39 Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ___ - -- - 1 .7 1 .2 Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N) ______- - 2 .0 1 .6 Nitrogen, total (as N) ______------2 .2 1 .8 Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.056 0.091 0.039 0.046 0 .039 0 .374 0 .073 0 .057 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P) --- ___ - - -- <0 .002 <0 .002 Iron, dissolved (Fe) ug/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) ug/L ______<0 .4 3 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (ug/L) 54 29 - - 32 -

10-11-95 12-7-95 2-6-96 4-23-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 u

10 10 - D.O. 20 20 -

I- 30 30 - CL -! W.T. M UJ Q 40 40 ~- ;' / ^ " i i i 50 en . , . i i i i i~ 10 20 30 "0 10 20 30 "0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 10 8 10 10 10 u '\ - u i ' 1 ~- -j 10 - s.c. 10 ~7 20 L _i 20 -_ : PH : '- '- 30 -_ 30 -_

40 - -_ 40 -j : I 50 >;n zn 500 750 1,000 500 750 1,000 500 750 1,000 500 750 1,000 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICRO-SIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

122 424915088083900 WIND LAKE AT WIND LAKE, WI--CONTINUED

WATER-QUALITY DATA, JUNE 11 TO AAUGUST 08, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) June 11 July 16 Aug. 08 Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 50 1.5 48 1.5 50 Lake stage (ft) 8.41 8.22 8.29 Specific conductance (jlS/cm) 603 641 587 657 580 664 pH (units) 8.4 7.3 8.4 7.4 8.4 7.2 Water temperature (°C) 17.0 11.0 24.5 12.0 26.5 12.0 Secchi-depth (meters) 2.5 1.2 1.1 Dissolved oxygen 8.4 0.2 9.3 0.3 8.0 0.6 Phosphorus, total-(as P) 0.070 0.323 0.053 0.435 0.039 0.483 Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L) 8.6 24 17

6-11-96 7-16-96 8-8-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER o c 10 20 C 10 20 C 10 2 0 0

h- 1° 10 10 tu D.O. y ~ tu -20 20 ' - 20 /;i.** ~ ^ ' ~

H 30 30 30 Q_ f \ W.T. ~ tu Q 40 40 40

tin «;n . , , , I *, . . . 1 . i , .' «;n 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 8 9 10 8 9 10 8 9 10 u 1 ' 1 u 1 u 1 '7 '- t 10 -j 10 - 10 UJ - i I 20 - S.C. j - 20 - \ 20 - \ / PH : \ \ "_ 1 _i \_ _ ' _ H 30 30 30 CL / ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ " /I~ UJ Q 1 . . . 40 ~ 40 ~ ~ 40 ~ j : ' «;n 1 , Rn i «;n , 500 750 1,000 500 750 1,000 500 750 1,000 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

123 I I 0 cccc 1- UI n -IE ZH 0.15 - UJ Ij

O °~ ||o.,o ~ « ~

||0.05 i " " / . 9 * ". *. :

_l ' ^* * _ ** * * ^ «PT » ^ * ~- n * '.

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

150 I I

O I- CC < UJ 100

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

i i i r i r i i

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Wind Lake at Wind Lake, Wisconsin.

124 424848088083100 WIND LAKE OUTLET AT WIND LAKE, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 42°48'48" long 88008'31", in NE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.16, T.4 N., R.20 E., Racine County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, at Wind Lake. DRAINAGE AREA.--39.6 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1985 to current year. REVISED RECORDS.--WDR WI-91-1: 1988(m). GAGE.-Water-stage recorder and concrete dam. Datum of gage is 760.30 ft above sea level. Prior to Oct. 2, 1987, nonrecording gage at same site and datum. REMARKS.-Lake ice-covered Nov. 29 to Mar. 24, and Mar. 26. Records good except for Apr. 24 to July 16, which are fair. Lake level regulated by dam with two 10-foot gates at outlet. Prior to October 1987, published as Wind Lake at Wind Lake, Wis. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height, 8.61 ft, Sept. 1,1989; minimum recorded, 5.95 ft, Jan. 2,1996. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum recorded gage height, 8.47 ft, June 10; minimum recorded, 5.95 ft, Jan. 2.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES

DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN AUG SEP

1 8.03 7.66 7.23 5.99 7.32 7.47 7.88 8.13 8.20 8.15 8.17 8.08 2 8.08 7.71 7.22 5.96 7.35 7.44 7.87 8.05 8.26 8.16 8.16 8.07 3 8.10 7.68 7.25 5.98 7.36 7.36 7.90 8.00 8.30 8.19 8.16 8.06 4 8.10 7.63 7.29 6.01 7.38 7.32 7.99 8.03 8.33 8.22 8.15 8.05 5 8.14 7.56 7.35 6.03 7.40 7.34 7.94 8.12 8.36 8.20 8.14 8.03

6 8.15 7.48 7.34 6.05 7.40 7.36 7.85 8.16 8.36 8.18 8.27 8.02 7 8.10 7.46 7.36 6.07 7.41 7.36 7.78 8.12 8.35 8.16 8.29 8.01 8 8.13 7.44 7.36 6.09 7.42 7.36 7.71 8.07 8.40 8.17 8.29 8.02 9 8.12 7.40 7.35 6.11 7.44 7.36 7.70 8.06 8.43 8.19 8.27 8.04 10 8.11 7.42 7.30 6.11 7.49 7.35 7.71 8.16 8.44 8.23 8.26 8.02

11 8.11 7.53 7.24 6.14 7.56 7.34 7.72 8.23 8.41 8.22 8.26 8.02 12 8.08 7.53 7.18 6.17 7.63 7.38 7.75 8.24 8.36 8.22 8.25 7.99 13 8.05 7.53 7.13 6.18 7.68 7.44 7.79 8.24 8.28 8.22 8.24 7.97 14 8.06 7.52 7.09 6.19 7.65 7.52 7.83 8.20 8.22 8.21 8.22 7.94 15 8.06 7.52 7.04 6.20 7.59 7.60 8.01 8.22 8.20 8.22 8.19 7.92

16 7.83 7.51 6.99 6.21 7.54 7.62 8.18 8.24 8.20 8.22 8.16 7.91 17 7.57 7.50 6.93 6.24 7.51 7.65 8.31 8.24 8.29 8.24 8.15 7.90 18 7.46 7.48 6.88 6.37 7.48 7.64 8.30 8.19 8.32 8.34 8.14 7.89 19 7.40 7.46 6.84 6.53 7.42 7.64 8.25 8.11 8.30 8.30 8.17 7.88 20 7.38 7.45 6.80 6.63 7.38 7.61 8.18 8.10 8.25 8.22 8.19 7.86

21 7.33 7.45 6.76 6.71 7.39 7.54 8.10 8.18 8.10 8.16 8.19 7.86 22 7.28 7.41 6.71 6.79 7.41 7.54 8.02 8.20 8.14 8.14 8.19 7.86 23 7.27 7.41 6.66 6.86 7.45 7.55 7.96 8.25 8.19 8.16 8.19 7.85 24 7.30 7.39 6.62 6.94 7.45 7.57 7.90 8.28 8.31 8.16 8.17 7.85 25 7.33 7.36 6.59 6.99 7.46 7.58 7.94 8.32 8.23 8.16 8.15 7.83

26 7.37 7.34 6.53 7.05 7.49 7.64 7.97 8.34 8.16 8.16 8.14 7.87 27 7.46 7.36 6.47 7.12 7.55 7.70 8.04 8.34 8.24 8.15 8.14 7.92 28 7.54 7.33 6.39 7.16 7.55 7.79 8.12 8.34 8.21 8.14 8.13 7.90 29 7.57 7.28 6.28 7.21 7.51 7.83 8.23 8.31 8.17 8.15 8.11 7.90 30 7.57 7.24 6.17 7.24 ___ 7.85 8.23 8.29 8.14 8.16 8.10 7.88 31 7.59 6.11 7.28 7.87 ___ 8.24 ___ 8.17 8.10 ___

MEAN 7.76 7.47 6.92 6.47 7.47 7.54 7.97 8.19 8.27 8.19 8.19 7.95 MAX 8.15 7.71 7.36 7.28 7.68 7.87 8.31 8.34 8.44 8.34 8.29 8.08 MIN 7.27 7.24 6.11 5.96 7.32 7.32 7.70 8.00 8.10 8.14 8.10 7.83

125 04082500 LAKEWINNEBAGOATOSHKOSH,WI

LOCATION.--Lat 44°00'35", long 88°31'38", in NE 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.25, T.18 N., R.16 E., Winnebago County, Hydrologic Unit 04030203, at 905 Bay Shore Drive, 800 ft east of mouth of the upper Fox River. DRAINAGE AREA.~5.880 mi2, at lake outlet at Menasha Dam. Area of Lake Winnebago, 215 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1938 to current year in reports of Geological Survey. Records from 1882 to 1938 in files of Geological Survey and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. A report on Fox River by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, published as House Document No. 146, 67th Congress, 2nd session, contains semi-monthly records of inflow of Lake Winnebago for the period 1896-1917. REVISED RECORD.--WDR WI-83-1: Drainage area. GAGE.-Water-stage recorder. Nonrecording gage read once daily October 1938 to October 1978. Datum of gage is 745.05 ft above mean tide at New York City (levels by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers). Datum of Deuchman gage is 745.00 ft above mean tide at New York City. REMARKS.--Estimated daily gage heights: May 11-19. Records good except for estimated daily gage heights, which are fair. Lake eleva tions controlled by dams at Menasha and Neenah, which are operated in the interest of navigation. Crests of both dams are at elevation 746.73 ft. Present limits of regulation are from 21 1/4 in. above the crest of Menasha dam to crest during navigation season, plus addi tional 18 in. below crest during winter. Oshkosh staff gage gives true level of lake, while Deuchman gage readings are affected by loss of head in the channel between lake and dam. Data-collection platform at station. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 5.33 ft (Deuchman gage) Nov. 8,1881; minimum observed, -2.00 ft (Deuchman gage) Nov. 28, 1891. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum recorded gage height, 3.67 ft, July 2; minimum recorded, 1.18 ft, Mar. 12,13.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES

OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 3.05 2.67 1.75 1.78 1.34 2.78 3.09 3.28 3.05 2.93 2 3.14 2.67 1.74 1.78 1.32 2.79 3.14 3.28 3.03 2.92 3 3.13 2.66 1.73 1.78 1.31 2.81 3.17 3.25 3.01 2.91 4 3.12 2.72 1.72 1.77 1.29 2.81 3.23 3.19 2.99 2.92 5 3.16 2.66 1.94 1.71 1.76 1.29 2.01 2.80 3.21 3.13 2.98 2.92 6 3.14 2.63 2.05 1.75 1.28 2.03 2.78 2.91 7 3.19 2.58 2.05 1.74 1.26 2.05 2.73 2.91 8 3.25 2.57 2.03 1.74 1.25 2..07 2.75 2.97 2.94 9 3.25 2.60 2.03 1.72 1.23 2..09 2.74 3.00 2.98 10 3.25 2.51 2.01 1.64 1.70 1.22 2.11 2.84 3.22 2.98 3.03 2.96

11 3.23 2.46 1.69 1.20 2.13 2.80 3.19 2.94 2.99 2.93 12 3.21 2.51 1.68 1.19 2.12 2.70 3.17 2.95 2.97 2.93 13 3.12 2.46 1.66 1.19 2.14 2.70 3, .14 2..98 2.98 2.90 14 3.01 2.44 1.64 1.23 2.17 2.70 3, .13 3..00 2.95 2.87 15 3.03 2.38 1.97 1.58 1.61 1.27 2.20 2.70 3.11 2.98 2.95 2.86 16 2.37 1.96 1.57 1.58 1.32 2.22 2.70 3.08 2.99 2.93 2.88 17 2.37 1.94 1.56 1.56 1.36 2.28 2.80 3.32 2.93 2.87 18 2.34 1.93 1.60 1.53 1.41 2.28 2.80 3.41 2.93 2.85 19 2.31 1.92 1.65 1.50 1.44 2.33 2.90 3.40 2.92 2.85 20 2.80 2.21 1.90 1.65 1.47 1.48 2.43 2.95 3.37 3.17 2.96 2.82 21 2.76 2.19 1.89 1.66 1.44 1.50 2.52 2.97 3.35 3.12 2.96 2.82 22 2.77 2.23 1.87 1.67 1.41 1.53 2.54 2.99 3.33 2.96 2.82 23 2.74 2.19 1.86 1.68 1.57 2.61 3.05 3.34 3.00 2.84 24 2.59 2.17 1.85 1.70 1.61 2.64 3.06 3.27 2.97 81 25 2.63 2.12 1.83 1.71 1.35 1.68 2.58 3.00 3.28 3.09 2.96 2.83

26 2.61 2.10 1.82 1.35 1.72 2.59 3.28 09 2.98 2.85 27 2.63 2.12 1.81 1.37 1.73 2.68 3.28 07 2.96 2.75 28 2.66 2.10 1.80 1.37 1.75 2.69 3.29 04 2.94 2.80 29 2.62 2.09 1.79 1.36 1.78 2.77 3.25 07 2.95 2.82 30 2.64 2.08 1.77 1.81 2.68 3.27 07 2.94 2.83 31 2.64 1.76 1.86 06 2.93 MEAN 2.94 2.38 1.58 1.43 2.29 3.24 08 2.98 2.87 MAX 3.25 2.72 1.78 1.86 2.77 3.41 28 3.05 2.98 MIN 2.59 2.08 1.76 1.56 1.35 1.19 1.90 2.70 3.08 2.94 2.92 2.75

126 04084255 LAKE WINNEBAGO NEAR STOCKBRIDGE, WI LOCATION.--Lat 44°04'17", long 88°19'52", Stockbridge Indian Reservation, Calumet County, Hydrologic Unit 04030203, on east shore of Lake Winnebago, 300 ft south of County Highway E and 1.6 mi west of Stockbridge. DRAINAGE AREA.-5,880 mi2, at lake outlet at Menasha Dam. Area of Lake Winnebago, 215 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-November 1982 to current year. GAGE.--Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 745.05 ft above mean tide of New York City (levels by U. S. Army Corps of Engineers). REMARKS.-Records good. Lake elevations controlled by dams at Menasha and Neenah, which are operated in the interest of navigation. Crests of both dams are at elevation 746.73 ft. Present limits of regulation are from 21 1/4 in. above the crest of Menasha dam to crest during navigation season, plus additional 18 in. below crest during winter. Data-collection platform at station. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 4.13 ft, July 9,1993; minimum observed, 0.30 ft, Mar. 1,1986. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.~Maximum recorded gage height, 3.57 ft, June 29; minimum recorded, 1.10 ft, Mar. 11.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES DAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 3.19 2.59 2.04 1.71 1.74 1.29 1.86 2.80 3.04 3.28 3.04 2.92 2 3.10 2.80 2.02 1.71 1.74 1.29 1.89 2.79 3.19 3.27 3.02 2.91 3 3.08 2.92 2.02 1.69 1.73 1.26 1.90 2.76 3.24 3.22 3.00 2.90 4 3.09 2.81 2.02 1.68 1.73 1.24 1.95 2.73 3.21 3.19 2.98 2.90 5 2.93 2.75 2.06 1.66 1.72 1.24 1.98 2.70 3.19 3.15 2.99 2.89 6 3.06 2.66 2.06 1.65 1.71 1.23 2.00 2.69 3.12 3.11 3.04 2.87 7 3.23 2.62 2.02 1.64 1.68 1.22 2.02 2.69 3.06 3.08 3.08 2.88 8 3.22 2.63 1.99 1.62 1.69 1.21 2.03 2.67 3.16 3.05 3.09 2.89 9 3.21 2.56 2.01 1.61 1.67 1.18 2.06 2.69 3.17 2.98 3.05 2.93 10 3.24 2.48 1.98 1.59 1.66 1.16 2.07 2.68 3.17 2.98 3.00 2.95 11 3.23 2.51 1.95 1.59 1.66 1.14 2.08 2.73 3.16 2.96 2.99 2.95 12 3.19 2.48 1.93 1.58 1.64 1.13 2.08 2.75 3.14 2.97 3.02 2.88 13 3.17 2.42 1.91 1.57 1.61 1.14 2.09 2.75 3.13 2.99 3.01 2.85 14 3.20 2.39 1.95 1.55 1.60 1.18 2.11 2.74 3.10 3.01 3.03 2.86 15 3.16 2.39 1.94 1.54 1.57 1.22 2.18 2.68 3.07 3.02 2.99 2.83 16 3.05 2.37 1.92 1.52 1.54 1.27 2.24 2.71 3.03 3.03 2.94 2.76 17 2.97 2.32 1.90 1.52 1.51 1.31 2.23 2.77 3.19 3.00 2.94 2.75 18 2.86 2.31 1.89 1.56 1.48 1.36 2.24 2.85 3.29 3.06 2.91 2.78 19 2.83 2.28 1.88 1.62 1.45 1.41 2.34 2.91 3.36 3.10 2.94 2.77 20 2.86 2.29 1.87 1.61 1.42 1.45 2.43 2.93 3.37 3.09 2.98 2.76 21 2.93 2.28 1.85 1.61 1.40 1.47 2.51 2.96 3.35 3.11 2.96 2.77 22 2.82 2.22 1.84 1.62 1.37 1.50 2.53 2.99 3.33 3.14 3.00 2.81 23 2.68 2.17 1.82 1.63 1.35 1.52 2.56 2.94 3.28 3.15 2.98 2.78 24 2.74 2.14 1.81 1.66 1.32 1.56 2.59 2.88 3.27 3.15 3.01 2.81 25 2.64 2.08 1.80 1.67 1.30 1.66 2.61 2.92 3.29 3.13 3.01 2.77 26 2.57 2.04 1.78 1.70 1.31 1.68 2.62 2.93 3.30 3.08 2.92 2.67 27 2.61 1.92 1.77 1.75 1.33 1.68 2.65 2.90 3.29 3.05 2.90 2.83 28 2.63 2.07 1.76 1.74 1.34 1.71 2.62 2.88 3.31 3.04 2.92 2.87 29 2.69 2.05 1.74 1.75 1.32 1.75 2.51 2.92 3.33 3.08 2.93 2.81 30 2.62 2.04 1.72 1.75 1.77 2.75 2.99 3.33 3.08 2.92 2.75 31 2.56 1.72 1.74 1.83 3.02 3.06 2.93 MEAN 2.95 2.39 1.90 1.64 1.54 1.39 2.26 2.82 3.22 3.08 2.98 2.84 MAX 3.24 2.92 2.06 1.75 1.74 1.83 2.75 3.02 3.37 3.28 3.09 2.95 MIN 2.56 1.92 1.72 1.52 1.30 1.13 1.86 2.67 3.03 2.96 2.90 2.67

127 435152088123100 WOLF LAKE NEAR MT. CALVARY, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°51'52", long 88°12'31", in SW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.10, T.16 N., R.19 E., Fond du Lac County, Hydrologic Unit 04030101, 3.2 mi northeast of Mt. Calvary. DRAINAGE AREA.--3.43 mi2. LAKE-STAGE RECORDS PERIOD OF RECORD.--November 1983 to September 1986, November 1992 to current year. GAGE. Stage measured by Alan Depies at lake outlet. EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 6.81 ft, Sept. 15, 1986; minimum observed, 4.42 ft, July 24, 1985. EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum gage height observed, 6.14 ft, June 26; minimum observed, 4.72 ft, Oct. 1.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996 DAILY MEAN VALUES OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP 1 4.72 5.56 5.77 5.43 2 4.89 5.06 5.18 3 4 5 6 7 8 5.31 9 10 11 12 13 5.39 14 15 5.87 5.77 5.52 5.31 16 17 18 19 5.47 20 21 22 23 5.48 24 25 26 5.89 6.14 27 28 5.47 29 5.81 30 5.06 31 5.06

128 435152088123100 WOLF LAKE NEAR MT. CALVARY, WI--CONTINUED

WATER-QUALITY RECORDS PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1984 to September 1987, February 1993 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 15 TO AUGUST 21, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 15 May 01 June 26 July 23 Aug. 21 Depth of sample (ft) 3.0 45 1 .5 46 1.5 46 1.5 45 1.5 45 Lake stage (ft) 5 .87 5. 89 6. 14 5. 48 5. 47 Specific conductance (jiS/cm) 522 616 501 502 518 554 530 543 520 550 pH (units) 8.0 7.3 8 .1 8 .1 8.1 7.7 8.4 7.5 8.3 7.4 Water temperature (°C) 3.5 4.5 8. 0 7 .5 22.5 8.5 23.0 8.5 26.0 8.5 Color (Pt-Co. scale) ___ 25 25 ______Turbidity (NTU) ___ 0 .80 0 .90 ______Secchi-depth (meters) ___ 3. 8 3. 1 3. 0 1. 7 Dissolved oxygen 11.6 0.2 9 .9 9 .3 8.8 0.0 8.8 0.2 9.0 0.0 Hardness, as CaC03 250 250 ___ Calcium, dissolved (Ca) ___ 41 42 Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) ___ 35 35 ______Sodium, dissolved (Na) ___ 6 .5 6 .4 ___ --- ___ Potassium, dissolved (K) ______5 5 Alkalinity, as CaC03 ___ 200 200 ______Sulfate, dissolved (S04) ______34 36 ______Chloride, dissolved (Cl) ___ 28 28 ______Fluoride, dissolved (F) ___ 0 .1 0 .1 ___ Silica, dissolved (Si02) 2 .6 2 .8 Solids, dissolved, at 180°C ______304 308 ______Nitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N) ___ 0 .08 0 .08 ______Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as Nr ___ 0 .18 0 .16 ___ --- Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) ___ 0 .92 0 .94 ______Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)r) ___ 1 .1 1 .1 ___ Nitrogen, total (as N) ___ 1 .2 1 .2 ___ Phosphorus, total (as P) 0 .037 0 .038 0.034 0.350 0.024 0.538 0.032 0.559 Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)>) --- 0 .002 0 .007 ___ Iron, dissolved (Fe) fig/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) fig/L ______5 16 ______Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (fig/L),) 5 .6 - 4.3 7.2 11

2-15-96 5-1-96 6-26-96 7-23-96 8-21-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 10 20 10 20 C 10 2 10 20 0

12 12 jJ. , i 12

24 24 / - 24

36 36 - 36

46 AC 46 10 20 30 10 20 30 ~0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10

r s.c. PH W 12 12 12 12 12 UJ

-24 24 24 24 24

36 36 36 36 36

46 46 46 46 46 450 500 550 600 650 450 500 550 600 650 450 500 550 600 650 450 500 550 600 650 450 500 550 600 650 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

129 0C S JENTRATION, II I :

LITER ]

0 £ 0.03 * * 4

PHOSPHORLTOTAL INMILLIGRA 0O ft2 o i

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

§2 III II CENTRATION,

'ERLITER

z °l40 "2 -

S- O ICC Q.O

0 . * * ./ 0 / . < 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

I I I I I I

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Wolf Lake near Mt. Calvary, Wisconsin.

(Circles indicate laboratory detection limit for selected analyses. Actual concentrations for these particular analyses are less than the plotted circles.)

130 WISCONSIN DISTRICT PUBLICATIONS PERTAINING TO LAKES

The reports published in a U.S. Geological Survey series are for sale by the U.S. Geological Survey, Box 25425, Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225. Prepayment is required. Remittance should be sent by check or money order payable to the U.S. Geological Survey. Prices can be obtained by writing to the above address or by calling (303) 236-7476. Reprints of journal articles may be obtained by writing directly to the author at U.S. Geological Survey, 6417 Normandy Lane, Madison, Wl 53719.

Anderson, W.L., Robertson, D.M., and Magnuson, J.J., 1996, Evidence of recent warming and El Nino-related variation in ice breakup of Wisconsin lakes, Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 41, p. 815-821. Elder, J.F. and Goddard, G.L., 1996, Sediment and nutrient trapping efficiency of a constructed wetland near Delavan Lake, Wisconsin, 1993-1995: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-232-96. Garn, H.S., Olson, D.L., Seidel, T.L, and Rose, W.J., 1996, Hydrology and water quality of Lau- derdale Lakes, Walworth County, Wisconsin, 1993-94: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Re sources Investigations Report 96-4235, 29 p. Hunt, R.J. and Krohelski, J.T., 1996, The application of an analytical element model to investigate groundwater-lake interactions at Pretty Lake, Wisconsin, Lake and Reservoir Management, Vol. 12, p. 487-495. Imberger, J., Robertson, D.M., and Boland, K., 1996, Lake Number: A quantitative indicator of mixing to be used in water quality management. Scientificlmpeller, Solna, Sweden, No. 4, p. 9-15. Kammerer, P.A., Jr., 1996, Hydrology and water quality of Park Lake, Sourth-central Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survy Fact Sheet FS-197-96. Robertson, D.M., Field, S.J, Elder, J.F., Goddard, G.L., and James, W.F., 1996, Phosphorus dy namics of Delavan Lake Inlet in southeastern Wisconsin. U.S. Geological Survey Water- Resources Investigations Report 96-4160,18 p. Assel, R.A. and Robertson, D.M. 1995, Changes in winter air temperatures near Lake Michigan during 1851 -1993, as determined from regional lake-ice records, Limnology and Oceanogra phy, v. 40, p 165-176. Assel, R.A., Robertson, D.M., Hoff, M.H., and Selgeby, J.H., 1995, Climatic-change implications from long-term (1823-1994) ice records near the Laurentian Great Lakes: Annals of Glaciolo- gy, v. 21, p. 383-386. Krabbenhoft, D.P., and Webster, K.E., 1995, Transient hydrogeological controls on the chemistry of a seepage lake: Water Resources Research, v. 31, no. 9, p. 2295-2305. Krohelski, J.T. and Batten, W.G., 1995, Simulation of stage and the hydrologic budget of Devils Lake, Sauk County, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-348, 22 p. Wentz, D.A., Rose, W.J., and Webster, K.E., 1995, Long-term hydrologic and biogeochemical re sponses of a soft water seepage lake in north central Wisconsin: Water Resources Research, v. 31, no. 1,p 199-212. Elder, J.F., 1994, Distribution and grain-size partitioning of metals in bottom sediments of an ex perimentally acidified lake: Water Resources Bulletin, v. 30, no. 2, p. 251-259.

131 Goddard, G.L., and Field, S.J., 1994, Hydrology and water quality of Whitewater and Rice Lakes in southeastern Wisconsin, 1990-91: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4101, 36 p. Greb, S.R., and Wentz, D.A., 1994, Chemical budgets, in Klepinger, K.E., ed., RILWAS 1983-86: Wisconsin Regional Integrated Lake Watershed Acidification Study, Volume 1: Madison, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, PUBL-RS-909-94, Chapter 7, 20 p. Hurley, J.P., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Babiarz, C.L., and Andren, A.W., 1994, Cycling processes of mer cury across sediment/water interfaces in seepage lakes, in Baker, L.A. ed., Environmental Chemistry of Lakes and Reservoirs: Advances in Chemistry Series, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., p. 426-449. Krabbenhoft, D.P., Bowser, C.J., Kendall, C., and Gat, J.R., 1994, Use of oxygen-19 and deute rium to assess the hydrology of ground-water/lake systems, in Baker, L.A. ed., Environmental Chemistry of Lakes and Reservoirs: Advances in Chemistry Series, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., p. 67-90. Robertson, D.M., Anderson, W., and Magnuson, J.J., 1994, Relations between El Nino/Southern Oscillation events and the climate and ice cover of lakes in Wisconsin. P 48-57, in Greenland, D. ed., El Nino and Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Sites: Publication No. 18. LTER Network Office: University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., 57 p. Robertson, D.M. and Imberger, J. 1994, Lake Number, a quantitative indicator of mixing used to estimate changes in dissolved oxygen, Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie, v. 79, p. 159-176. Watras, C.J., Bloom, N.S., Hurley, J.P., Fitzgerald, W.F., Andren, A.W., Krabbenhoft, D.P., and Porcella, D.B., 1994, Sources and fates of mercury and methylmercury in Wisconsin lakes, in Waltras and Huckabee eds., Mercury as a Global Pollutant: Intergration and Synthesis, Lewis Pub., Chelsea, Ml., p 153-177. Wentz, D.A., 1994, Chemistry of snowpack and ground water, in Klepinger, K.E., ed., RILWAS 1983-86: Wisconsin Regional Integrated Lake Watershed Acidification Study, Volume 1: Madison, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, PUBL-RS-909-94, Chapter 6, 45 p. Wentz, D.A., Krohelski, J.T., and Rose, W.J., 1994, Hydrology, in Klepinger, K.E., ed., RILWAS 1983-86: Wisconsin Regional Integrated Lake Watershed Acidification Study, Volume 1: Mad ison, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, PUBL-RS-909-94, Chapter 7, 74 p. Field, S.J., 1993, Hydrology and water quality of Powers Lake, southeastern Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4126, 36 p. Field, S.J., 1993, Hydrology and water quality of Wind Lake in southeastern Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4107, 61 p. House, L.B., 1993, Simulation of the effects of hypothetical residential development on water levels in Graber Pond, Middleton, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4029,10 p. House, L.B., Waschbusch, R.J., and Hughes, P.E., 1993, Water quality of an urban wet detention pond in Madison, Wisconsin, 1987-88: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-172, 57 p. Hughes, P.E., 1993, Hydrology, water quality, trophic status, and aquatic plants of Fowler Lake, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4076, 44 p.

132 Rose, W.J., 1993, Hydrology of Little Rock Lake in Vilas County, north-central Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4139, 22 p. Rose, W.J., 1993, Water and phosphorus budgets and trophic state, Balsam Lake, northwestern Wisconsin, 1987-1989: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4125, 28 p. Elder, J.F., Krabbenhoft, DP, and Walker, J.F., 1992, Water, energy, and biogeochemical bud gets (WEBB) program: Data availability and research at the northern temperate lakes site, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-48,15 p. Krabbenhoft, D.P., and Babiarz, C.L., 1992, Role of groundwater transport in aquatic mercury cy cling: Water Resources Research, vol. 28, no. 12, p. 3119-3128. Krabbenhoft, DP., and Krohelski, J.T., 1992, Data on water quality, lake sediment, and lake-level fluctuation, St. Croix Indian Reservation, Wisconsin, 1981-87: U.S. Geological Survey Open- File Report 92-26, 53 p. Robertson, D.M., Ragotzkie, R.A., and Magnuson, J.J. 1992, Lake ice records used to detect his torical and future climatic changes: Climatic Change, v. 21, p. 407-427. Wentz, D.A., and Rose, W.J., 1991, Hydrology of Lakes Clara and Vandercook in North-Central Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4204, 24 p. Watras, C.J., Andre, A.W., Bloom, N.S., Fitzgerald, W.F., Hurley, J.P., Krabbenhoft, DP., Rada, R.G., Wiener, J.G., 1991, Mercury in temperate lakes: a mechanistic field study: Verhandlun- gen Internal. Verein. Limnologie, 24, p. 2199-2202. Walker, J.F., Pickard, S.A., and Sonzogni, W.C., 1989 Spreadsheet watershed modeling for non- point-source pollution management in a Wisconsin basin: Water Resources Bulletin, v. 25, no. 1,p. 139-147. Wentz, D.A., Garrison, P.J., and Bockheim, J.G., 1989, Section 7 Chemical input-output bud gets, in Knauer, D., and Brouwer, S.A., eds., The Wisconsin Regional Integrated Lake-Water shed Acidification Study (RILWAS): 1981-1983: Palo Alto, California, Electric Power Research Institute Report EA-6214, p. 7-1 to 7-30. Wentz, D.A., and Rose, W.J., 1989, Interrelationships among hydrologic-budget components of a northern Wisconsin seepage lake and implications for acid-deposition modeling: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 18, p. 147-155. Wentz, D.A., Rose, W.J., and Krohelski, J.T., 1989, Section 5 Hydrologic component, in Knauer, D., and Brouwer, S.A., eds., The Wisconsin Regional Integrated Lake-Watershed Acidification Study (RILWAS): 1981-1983: Palo Alto, California, Electric Power Research Institute Report EA-6214, p. 5-1 to 5-77. Field, S.J., and Duerk, M.D., 1988, Hydrology and water quality of Delavan Lake in southeastern Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4168, 61 p. Krug, W.R., Ostenso, N.A., and Krohelski, J.T., 1988, Prediction of the effects of mine dewatering on four lakes near Crandon, Wisconsin, by use of a water-budget model: U.S. Geological Sur vey Open-File Report 87-471, 63 p. Wentz, D.A., Krohelski, J.T., Rose, W.J., Bockheim, J.G., Garrison, P.J., Knauer, D.R., and Gold- stein, R.A., 1987, Hydrologic and chemical budgets of Wisconsin lakes, in Perrry, R., Harrison, R.M., Bel, J.N.B., and Lester, J.N., eds., Acid Rain: Scientific and Technical Advances, Selper Ltd., London, p. 309-316.

133 House, L.B., 1986, Stage fluctuations of Wisconsin Lakes: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey Information Circular No. 49, 84 p. House, L.B., 1984, Effects of urbanization on three ponds in Middleton, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4051,17 p. Krug, W.R., and House, L.B., 1984, Evaluation of alternative reservoir-management practices in the Rock River basin, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4186, 21 p. House, L.B., 1981, An assessment of streamflow, water quality, and the effects of construction on impoundment on Bridge Creek at Augusta, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water- Resources Investigations Open-File Report 81-1192, 25 p. Krug, W.R., 1981, Hydrologic effects of proposed changes in management practices, Winnebago Pool, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations 80-107,19 p. Batten, W.G., and Hindall, S.M., 1980, Sediment deposition in the White River Reservoir, north western Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2069, 30 p. Novitzki, R.P., and Holmstrom, B.K., 1979, Monthly and annual water budgets of Lake Wingra, Madison, Wisconsin, 1971-77: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations 79-100,31 p. Rose, W.J., 1977, Hydrologic considerations associated with dredging spring ponds in Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations 77-18, 35 p. Oakes, E.L., Hendrickson, G.E., and Zuehls, E.E., 1975, Hydrology of the Lake Wingra basin, Dane County, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations 17-75, 31 p. Novitzki, R.P., 1971, Hydrologic investigations of Heart Lake, Green Lake County, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Administrative Report, 9 p.

134