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Anne Arundel County Department of Public Works Bureau of Engineering Watershed, Ecosystem, and Restoration Services

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Anne Arundel County Department of Public Works Bureau of Engineering Watershed, Ecosystem, and Restoration Services ANNE ARUNDEL COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS BUREAU OF ENGINEERING WATERSHED, ECOSYSTEM, AND RESTORATION SERVICES TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM To: Rich Eskin, MDE, Director of Science Services From: Hala Flores, P.E., DPW, WERS Program Manager Through: Ginger Ellis, DPW, WERS Planning Administrator Copy: Ronald Bowen, P.E., Director Janis Markusic, WERS Program Manager Date: 5/7/2010 Re: Methods and procedures for developing the Anne Arundel County Baseline Pollutant Loads by Sector Anne Arundel County presented a preliminary draft tabulation of the County’s Baseline Pollutant loads by jurisdictional sectors at the April 27, 2010 Watershed Implementation Plan (WIP) meeting. Subsequently and as requested at the meeting, this memorandum offers a brief documentation of the methods and procedures utilized in the development of these loads. It is understood that this draft documentation is in active development and reflects the current available data, assumptions, coefficients, and other parameters within the model. It is noted that this documentation accounts for comments and requests made in the April 27th meeting and will be updated to reflect future comments and WIP committee consensus. To conserve efforts and cost, a new model run will not be conducted until this documentation is reviewed, all data are received, and consensus is reached to rerun the model. Water Quality Modeling (Overview of Methods) The model used by Anne Arundel County Government to estimate the pollutant load is based on the PLOAD- EPA Simple Method, which is integrated into the EPA BASINS program. The model utilizes Arcview analysis and Excel spreadsheet calculations to estimate the edge-of-field pollutant loads from various landcovers and their associated loading rates. A delivery ratio is further applied to the loading estimates depending on its proximity to non-tidal and tidal waters. Point source loads such as septic systems and other discharge permits along with BMP load reductions are applied at the twelve major watershed aggregate level. A simplified schematic flow chart depicting the modeling steps is included in the appendix section. In order to prepare the model input, various GIS layers are utilized and analyzed as follows: 1- The Subwatershed layer This layer is derived from the 2-m resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) coupled with stormdrain infrastructure data. Currently, the subwatershed layer includes 363 records/drainage segments that aggregate to the twelve major Watersheds. A map and listing of the Anne Arundel County subwatersheds and major watersheds is included in an appendix attachment to this document. This layer is also available at http://gis- world.aacounty.org/wers/ 2- The Landcover layer This layer is derived from the 2007/2008 12 -inch resolution leaf-off ortho-photography using a semi-automated process that utilizes imagery detection techniques, buffering rules, and other support layers (i.e. Zoning, landfills, subdivision activity, etc.) to assign a Landcover category to a given location. An Anne Arundel County Landcover map is included in an appendix attachment to this document. Additional technical detail regarding this layer is found in the contractual project development documents, which could be reviewed at the County office upon request. This layer is also available at http://gis-world.aacounty.org/wers/ 3- Impervious/Pervious Coverage This layer is derived from the 2007/2008 12-inch resolution leaf-off ortho-photography using a semi automated process that utilizes imagery detection techniques, and planimetric (building footprint, roadways, parking areas, driveways, and sidewalks) coverage. Decks, patios, and sheds were picked up as impervious surfaces when the resolution and canopy cover permitted their detection. This coverage is countywide. Impervious areas are attributed with the numeric 1 while all remaining areas are assumed to be pervious and are attributed with the numeric 0. An Anne Arundel County Impervious map is included in an appendix attachment to this document. Additional technical detail regarding this layer is found in the contractual project development documents, which could be reviewed at the County office upon request. This layer is also available at http://gis-world.aacounty.org/wers/ 4- Land Ownership This is a Countywide layer that is continuously update to reflect the dynamic nature of property information and their boundaries. This layer depicts a polygon parcel fabric of all areas except for the City of Annapolis and is derived from the Tax maps and Maryland State Tax Assessment records. County, Private, State, and Federal properties are attributed as major landowner sectors. A listing of all County, State, and Federal landowners is included in an appendix attachment to this document. 5- Urban Best Management Practices (BMPs) This information is contained within two layers. (1) County public and private BMPs (2009 coverage) along with SHA BMPs (2005 coverage), BWI BMPs (2009 coverage for the Patapsco Non-Tidal Watershed). (2) Restoration activities by the County and it’s supported affiliates. Each BMP and restoration activity includes a structure type, drainage area, ownership, and pollutant removal efficiency information. This information is used to decrease the load on the aggregate subwatershed and watershed levels. 6- Onsite Sewage Discharge Systems (OSDS) This is a Countywide layer of septic systems (2007 coverage). The location, served household landuse and/or water billing information, along with the proximity from non-tidal and tidal streams are used to calculate the generated total Nitrogen load from each individual system. This information is used to increase the load on the aggregate subwatershed and watershed levels. An Anne Arundel County septic map is included in an appendix attachment to this document. Additionally, the water quality model relies on the following lookup tables to estimate and aggregate the load to the desired scale. - The relationship between the Landcover Category and the Non-Point Source (NPS) sector as depicted in the Final Baltimore Harbor Nutrient TMDL allocations, MDE 2007, is tabulated below. Landcover and Non-Point Source (NPS) Sector lookup table Landcover Category Non‐Point Source Category Industrial NPS Urban Transportation NPS Urban Commercial NPS Urban Airport NPS Urban Residential 1/8‐acre NPS Urban Residential 1/4‐acre NPS Urban Residential 1/2‐acre NPS Urban Residential 1‐acre NPS Urban Residential 2‐acre NPS Urban Residential 20‐acre NPS Urban Residential Woods NPS Urban Utility Other NPS Open Space Other NPS Row Crops NPS Agriculture Pasture/Hay NPS Agriculture Water Other NPS Open Wetland Other NPS Forested Wetland Other NPS Woods Other NPS - Public land information has been assembled from the State of Maryland Tax Assessment Consolidated Property File (CPF). The tabular property ownership information for County, State, and Federal lands were extracted from the CPF and joined with the parcel fabric GIS layer. A lookup table containing the relationship between the major government sectors (State, Federal, County, City of Annapolis, and Private) and the subset land owner entities is shown below and is utilized in assigning and aggregating the load estimates at the owner entity. Land Owner Entiry Government Sector Acres Comment SHA State 9,334 Other State Government State 7,009 BWI State 3,697 Naval Academy Dairy? Federal ROW at Parkway, National Other Federal Government Federal 13,907 Guard? Fort Meade Federal 4,388 Smithsonian Federal 2,347 Coast Guard Yard Federal 110 County Public Works County 20,220 County Recreation and Parks County 9,972 County Board of Education County 2,864 County Community College County 221 County Housing Commission County 65 Other County Land County 0 City of Annapolis City of Annapolis 4,256 Private Private 186,866 - Event Mean Concentrations (Loading Rates) in mg/l The values were compiled from the following references: 1. Center for Watershed Protection. 2005. A User's Guide to Watershed Planning in Maryland. Ellicott City, MD. Available at: http://dnr.maryland.gov/watersheds /pubs/planninguserguide/UserGuide.pdf Event Mean Concentrations (Loading Rates) in mg/l Original source of data: Maryland Department of the Environment. 1997. Landcover Codes TN TP TSS Maryland National Pollutant Discharge Industrial 2.22 0.19 77 Elimination System Municipal Transportation 2.59 0.43 99 Stormwater Monitoring. Baltimore, Commercial 2.24 0.3 77 MD. Notes: Based on 107 storm Airport 2.24 0.3 99 events; Maryland Specific Residential 1/8‐acre 2.74 0.32 48 2. Center for Watershed Protection & Residential 1/4‐acre 2.74 0.32 48 Virginia Department of Conservation Residential 1/2‐acre 2.74 0.32 48 and Recreation. 2007. Virginia Residential 1‐acre 2.74 0.32 48 Stormwater Management: Nutrient Residential 2‐acre 2.74 0.32 48 Design System. APPENDIX A: Analysis of Virginia Event Mean Residential 20‐acre 1.15 0.15 48 Concentrations (EMCs) and Land Use Residential Woods 1.55 0.19 24 Loading Rates. Ellicott City, MD. May Utility 2.59 0.43 43 2007. Available at Open Space 2.59 0.43 43 http://www.dcr.virginia.gov Row Crops 1.71 1 400 documents/stmwtrcwprpt.pdf Pasture/Hay 1.71 1 250 3. Pitt, R, Maestre, A., Morquecho, R., Water 1.2 0.03 0 Brown, T., Schueler, T., Cappiella, K. Open Wetlands 1.15 0.15 0 Sturm, P. and C. Swann. 2004. Forested Wetlands 1.15 0.15 0 Findings of the National Stormwater Woods 1.15 0.15 0 Quality Database (NSQD). Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL and Center for Watershed Protection, Ellicott City, MD. February 16, 2004. Available at http://www.cwp.org/NPDES research_report.pdf; http://rpitt.eng.ua.edu/Research/ms4/Paper/Mainms4paper.html - Best Management Practices and their pollutant removal efficiencies. Eighty eight different BMP types are found in the Anne Arundel County urban BMP database (2009) and other BMP database resources received from other jurisdictional sectors within Anne Arundel County. These 88 BMP types are organized in eight BMP category groups.
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