molecules Review Beer Molecules and Its Sensory and Biological Properties: A Review Bruno Vieira Humia 1,2,*, Klebson Silva Santos 3,*, Andriele Mendonça Barbosa 1,2, Monize Sawata 1,2, Marcelo da Costa Mendonça 1,2,4 and Francine Ferreira Padilha 1,2 1 Biomaterials Laboratory (LBMat), Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil;
[email protected] (A.M.B.);
[email protected] (M.S.);
[email protected] (M.d.C.M.);
[email protected] (F.F.P.) 2 Tiradentes University (UNIT), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil 3 Center for Study on Colloidal Systems (NUESC)/Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil 4 Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Avenida Beira-mar, 3.250, Aracaju 49025-040, Sergipe, Brazil * Correspondence:
[email protected] (B.V.H.);
[email protected] (K.S.S.); Tel.: +55-079-99191-0680 (B.V.H.) Received: 11 March 2019; Accepted: 19 April 2019; Published: 20 April 2019 Abstract: The production and consumption of beer plays a significant role in the social, political, and economic activities of many societies. During brewing fermentation step, many volatile and phenolic compounds are produced. They bring several organoleptic characteristics to beer and also provide an identity for regional producers. In this review, the beer compounds synthesis, and their role in the chemical and sensory properties of craft beers, and potential health benefits are described. This review also describes the importance of fermentation for the brewing process, since alcohol and many volatile esters are produced and metabolized in this step, thus requiring strict control.