The Elbow and Radioulnar Joint Bone and Actions Chapter 6 Terminology

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The Elbow and Radioulnar Joint Bone and Actions Chapter 6 Terminology Condyle – large round projection Epicondyle – a projection located above a condyle Fossa- hollow, depression or flattened surface Tubercle - small round projection *Supination – external rotation of the radius *Pronation – internal rotation of the radius Radius radial tuberosity head head Radius radial tuberosity Ulna coronoid process trochlear (semilunar) notch olecranon process 1. olecranon Ulna process 2. trochlear (semilunar) notch 3. coronoid process Humerus medial epicondyle lateral epicondyle trochlea capitulum olecranon fossa head Humerus Humerus 2. lateral epicondyle 3. capitulum 4. trochlea 5. medial epicondyle 7. olecranon fossa Scapula glenoid fossa coracoid process Scapula 2. glenoid fossa 1. coracoid process Joints Humeroulnar (elbow) humerus (trochlea) and ulna ( trochlear notch) hinge joint Radioulnar radius (head) and ulna pivot joint Radiohumeral Ligaments Radial collateral Ulnar collateral Annular Ligaments Ulnar collateral ligament Actions Flexion and Extension Elbow or Humeroulnar Joint Sagittal plane Supination and Pronation Radioulnar Transverse plane Actions ELBOW FLEXION ELBOW EXTENSION Actions What is the action when an Posterior Anterior anterior muscle Humerus contracts? What is the action when a Ulna posterior muscle contracts? Actions Pronation & Supination Pronation Radius moves medially Ends up crossing the ulna Supination Radius moves laterally Ends up parallel to the ulna Neutral Position Actions Synergy between joints Tightening a screw: supination and flexion Loosening a screw: pronation and extension What position is his left elbow in? What position What position his right elbow is his right in? His right forearm in? forearm? His What is his left elbow? name? What positions are her What positions are right elbow and forearm her left elbow and in? forearm in?.

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Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Technical Guidelines II. Elbow
European Society of MusculoSkeletal Radiology Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Technical Guidelines II. Elbow Ian Beggs, UK Stefano Bianchi, Switzerland Angel Bueno, Spain Michel Cohen, France Michel Court-Payen, Denmark Andrew Grainger, UK Franz Kainberger, Austria Andrea Klauser, Austria Carlo Martinoli, Italy Eugene McNally, UK Philip J. O’Connor, UK Philippe Peetrons, Belgium Monique Reijnierse, The Netherlands Philipp Remplik, Germany Enzo Silvestri, Italy Elbow Note The systematic scanning technique described below is only theoretical, considering the fact that the examination of the elbow is, for the most, focused to one quadrant only of the joint based on clinical findings. 1 ANTERIOR ELBOW For examination of the anterior elbow, the patient is seated facing the examiner with the elbow in an extension position over the table. The patient is asked to extend the elbow and supinate the fore- arm. A slight bending of the patient’s body toward the examined side makes full supination and as- sessment of the anterior compartment easier. Full elbow extension can be obtained by placing a pillow under the joint. Transverse US images are first obtained by sweeping the probe from approximately 5cm above to 5cm below the trochlea-ulna joint, a Pr perpendicular to the humeral shaft. Cranial US images of the supracondylar region reveal the superficial biceps and the deep brachialis mu- Br scles. Alongside and medial to these muscles, follow the brachial artery and the median nerve: * the nerve lies medially to the artery. * Legend: a, brachial artery; arrow, median nerve; arrowheads, distal biceps tendon; asterisks, articular cartilage of the Humerus humeral trochlea; Br, brachialis muscle; Pr, pronator muscle 2 distal biceps tendon: technique The distal biceps tendon is examined while keeping the patient’s forearm in maximal supination to bring the tendon insertion on the radial tuberosity into view.
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