DOCSLIB.ORG

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Heart attack How will I know? – Could it be a heart attack? Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Recovery position Life-saving stories from people like you Finding someone in pain or distress is The person may have pain in the centre of their chest and/ If a person becomes A – Open the Airway C – Start Cardiopulmonary • Rescue breaths Keep going until: scary. But by knowing a few key things or aching in their arms, neck and jaw. They may feel sick, If a person is unconscious but they are still breathing unconscious follow the Place one hand on the Resuscitation (CPR) Open the airway again and you can help save a life. breathless, dizzy and can look paler and sweaty. • professional help arrives normally you should put them in the recovery position. Jenny was walking to the bus station when she instructions below. casualty’s forehead, and pinch the soft part of the • Chest compressions and takes over, came upon a 16 year old girl lying on the ground. gently tilt the head back, casualty’s nose closed. Take This booklet will help you recognise Remember DRS ABC. Kneel next to the casualty. • the casualty starts to How to put someone in the recovery position She realised the girl had been drinking and then lift their chin using two a normal breath, make a and deal with: What should I do? Place the heel of one hand in show signs of regaining had been vomiting; she was unconscious but fingers of your other hand seal around their mouth 1 Place their arm nearest to 5 Gently tilt their head back Check: the centre of the casualty’s consciousness, such as breathing normally so Jenny decided to protect • Possible heart attack 1 Sit them on the floor, 4 Stay with them, keep them under their chin – when you and breathe out steadily. you out at a right angle. to make sure their airway chest. Place the heel of your coughing, opening their her airway and place her in the recovery position. • Serious bleeding with their back against calm and reassure them. • Danger do this you open their airway. The casualty’s chest should If they are wearing glasses remains open. other hand on top of the eyes, speaking, or moving The girl had been left alone but a few moments • Choking something that won’t Don’t give them anything Approach the casualty with rise and fall. Keeping the remove them. first. Interlock your fingers. purposefully AND starts later her boyfriend turned up. Jenny told him to move, like a wall. Bend to eat or drink. care. Look out for hazards B – Check for normal casualty’s head back and 6 Call 999, and regularly With arms straight push the to breathe normally, phone 999 for an ambulance as the girl was unable It will teach you how to: their legs up. such as fire, traffic and Breathing the chin lifted, take your 2 Bring the far arm across check the person’s breastbone down 5–6cm OR to care for herself and appeared to be in a bad 5 If they become electricity. Never put Keeping the airway open, mouth away, take another their chest. breathing. • Put someone in the recovery position and release. The correct • you become exhausted. way. A fast response ambulance car arrived very 2 Get someone to call 999, unconscious, put them yourself at risk. check if the casualty is normal breath and give a • Give CPR to someone who has rate is 100 to 120 chest quickly as did an ambulance. The paramedic in or go yourself and come in the recovery position. breathing normally by second rescue breath. The 3 Place the back of their hand stopped breathing normally • Response compressions per minute, Giving Chest charge told Jenny that she had done a very good back straight away. Tell the looking for chest movement, two breaths should take no against their cheek that is Find out if the casualty is that’s almost 2 per second. Compression only job and had helped save the girl’s life. ambulance you think it’s 6 If they stop normal listening for breathing and longer than five seconds. nearest to you. Keep hold responsive. Gently shake the You may find it helpful to If you have not been trained Jenny (age 15) a heart attack. breathing, start CPR. feeling for breath on your of the hand. casualty’s shoulders and ask count out loud. Give 30 chest Repeat 30 compressions to give rescue breaths, are cheek. Look, listen and feel loudly ‘are you alright?’ If the compressions. and 2 rescue breaths. not able, or not wanting to, 3 Loosen anything around for no more than 10 seconds. 4 Bend the far leg just above casualty does not respond… just give chest compressions. their neck, like a tie. If you are sure the casualty After 30 chest compressions the knee and pull it up, This is much better than • Shout for help is breathing normally give 2 rescue breaths. and then roll the person doing nothing at all. Give the Paul and Tim witnessed a man collapse. If someone is nearby ask turn them in the recovery towards you. Symptoms chest compressions at a rate He was still breathing normally but them to stay with you position. If the casualty is of 100 to 120 per minute. appeared unconscious. They put the man because you may need them not breathing normally ask into the recovery position and rang 999 to phone for help. If you are someone to call 999. Also for an ambulance. They stayed with him alone shout loudly to attract ask for an automated until the ambulance arrived. attention, but do not leave external defibrillator (AED), Paul & Tim (age 17) the casualty. if one is available. If you are on your own you will have Pain or the pain may or may spread to they may feel sick discomfort in spread to the left the neck and jaw or short of breath to leave the casualty and the chest that or right arm call 999 yourself. doesn’t go away Choking How will I know? Life-saving stories from people like you Bleeding How will I know? Life-saving stories from people like you How to save a life A person who is choking will have difficulty breathing A person has serious bleeding when the problem cannot Would you know what to do? and may turn blue. If they are conscious they might try to be solved by applying a plaster to the wound. show that they are choking by grasping their neck with Aisha’s friend Sarah choked on a Andy’s mum sliced off the end of her finger their hands or pointing to their throat. sweet which blocked her airway. Aisha and felt faint. Andy told his mum not to panic. remembered her first aid skills and gave He raised her arm and pressed on the bleeding What should I do? Sarah back slaps and then abdominal wound. He laid her down on the floor and thrusts. The sweet was cleared from her 1 Sit the person down so 6 Come back and stay with What should I do? covered her with a blanket to keep her warm. airway. Sarah was taken to hospital for they feel safe. the person and keep He told his Dad to phone for an ambulance. 2011 is the British Heart Foundation’s 50th birthday. 1 Ask them “are you 4 Repeat the back slaps and a check and is fine now. them calm. Andy sat with his Mum and talked to her until Since 1961, we have been the nation’s heart charity, choking?” abdominal thrusts if this Aisha and Sarah (age 10) 2 If you can’t see where the ambulance arrived. dedicated to saving lives through pioneering doesn’t work. the blood is coming from 7 If you can, raise the Andy (age 8) research, patient care, campaigning for change 2 If they can’t answer start expose the area around wounded part of the body and by providing vital information. But we giving them up to 5 back 5 If the casualty becomes the wound. so it is higher than the urgently need your help. We rely on your slaps, checking after unconscious: heart; so if their leg was donations of time and money to each one to see if the • Support the casualty 3 Get them to press cut lay them down and continue our life-saving work. obstruction has gone. carefully to the ground. down on the wound raise it high. Because together we can • Immediately call 999 with something clean beat heart disease. 3 If back slaps don’t work Rob was out with his Dad at the weekend like a towel. Put some 8 Lie them down if they for an ambulance. and came across a man choking. Rob had give 5 abdominal thrusts • Start CPR. disposable gloves on your feel faint. Anyone with a Lucy and Gail were on an excursion with the and check again after each covered this in the Heartstart course so he hands, if you have some. wound on the chest may school. They were in the sports hall chatting one to see if you have knew how to do back slaps and abdominal need to sit up. with friends when a boy was accidently hit cleared the obstruction. thrusts in order to clear the man’s airway. 4 If there is something in the on his nose by a racket. He suffered a deep Anyone receiving Rob (age 16) abdominal thrusts must wound, like glass, squeeze 9 Keep them warm.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • ABCDE Approach
    The ABCDE and SAMPLE History Approach Basic Emergency Care Course Objectives • List the hazards that must be considered when approaching an ill or injured person • List the elements to approaching an ill or injured person safely • List the components of the systematic ABCDE approach to emergency patients • Assess an airway • Explain when to use airway devices • Explain when advanced airway management is needed • Assess breathing • Explain when to assist breathing • Assess fluid status (circulation) • Provide appropriate fluid resuscitation • Describe the critical ABCDE actions • List the elements of a SAMPLE history • Perform a relevant SAMPLE history. Essential skills • Assessing ABCDE • Needle-decompression for tension • Cervical spine immobilization pneumothorax • • Full spine immobilization Three-sided dressing for chest wound • • Head-tilt and chin-life/jaw thrust Intravenous (IV) line placement • • Airway suctioning IV fluid resuscitation • • Management of choking Direct pressure/ deep wound packing for haemorrhage control • Recovery position • Tourniquet for haemorrhage control • Nasopharyngeal (NPA) and oropharyngeal • airway (OPA) placement Pelvic binding • • Bag-valve-mask ventilation Wound management • • Skin pinch test Fracture immobilization • • AVPU (alert, voice, pain, unresponsive) Snake bite management assessment • Glucose administration Why the ABCDE approach? • Approach every patient in a systematic way • Recognize life-threatening conditions early • DO most critical interventions first - fix problems before moving on
    [Show full text]
  • Pediatric First Aid for Caregivers and Teachers, Second Edition
    Pediatric First Aid for Caregivers and Teachers, Second Edition Check Your Knowledge: Answer Key TOPIC 1 1. Pediatric first aid is: a. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) b. Immediate medical care given to a child who is injured or suddenly becomes sick c. Required only if a child’s parent or guardian cannot arrive quickly d. Provided only by physicians, nurses, and paramedics 2. Good Samaritan laws: a. Protect a person from legal responsibility when giving first aid in an emergency b. Cover physicians and nurses from malpractice lawsuits c. Do not apply in Texas and Georgia d. Require that someone who comes on the scene of an accident must stop and offer to help 3. Training in pediatric first aid, CPR, and choking relief is: a. Recommended only for caregivers of children younger than 3 years b. Recommended only for caregivers who supervise wading and swimming activities c. Recommended only for caregivers who are caring for a child with a heart condition d. Recommended for all caregivers 4. The 4Cs of Pediatric First Aid are: a. Call, Care, Complete, Collaborate b. Check, Call, Care, Complete c. Call, Check, Care, Complete d. Care, Call, Check, Complete 5. Every child care facility should have policies for: a. Care of children and staff who are ill b. Urgent medical situations c. Disasters d. All of the above. Copyright © 2014 Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company and the American Academy of Pediatrics 1 41894_ANSx_PASS02.indd 1 18/02/13 9:42 AM Pediatric First Aid for Caregivers and Teachers, Second Edition Check Your Knowledge: Answer Key TOPIC 2 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Standard First Aid/AED Review ECC Guidelines 2010
    Standard First Aid/AED Review ECC Guidelines 2010 State of Connecticut Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services Division of Safety Services, Safety Education and Training Unit August 2014 Update 16 Environmental Emergencies HEAT Level / Signals Care Provided Heat Cramps Symptoms include: painful muscle spasms, Cool victim, give water to drink, gently usually in the legs and abdomen massage muscle and stretch to relieve spasm. Heat Exhaustion Symptoms include: cool moist skin, sweat- Cool victim, circulate air around victim, give ing headache, dizzy, nausea, weakness, water if conscious, monitor, if victim does not and exhaustion. improve, call 911. Heat Stroke Symptoms include: Red—dry skin, trouble Call 911, **cool victim, circulate air, loosen breathing, rapid breathing or pulse, confu- clothing, monitor breathing & pulse. If sion or change in level of consciousness. conscious, provide small amount of cool Can be life threatening if not treated. water to drink. IF AVAILABLE PROVIDE CARBOHYDRATE-ELECTROLYTE DRINK. ** *Rapidly cool by immersing the victim in cold water or bags of ice/ ice water- doused towels. COLD Level / Signals Care Provided Hypothermia Symptoms include: shivering, slow breath- Move the victim to a warm place, monitor ing, slow pulse, glassy stare, confusion, in breathing—pulse and for signs of shock, re- late stages—no shivering and loss move wet clothing, wrap in warm clothes or of consciousness. blankets, provide care as needed. Frostbite Remove wet clothing and jewelry: Symptoms include: numbness, pins and Minor conditions—SKIN TO SKIN CONTACT: needles (especially in feet, face or hands), I.E. HOLD AFFECTED AREA BETWEEN This SFA/AED booklet is intended exclusively for use by DMHAS employees waxy appearance to skin, and severe YOUR HANDS.
    [Show full text]
  • Emergency Medical Responder March Pre Work
    EMERGENCY MEDICAL RESPONDER MARCH PRE WORK Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) When moving or lifting a patient, you should: 1) A) use good body mechanics. B) provide emotional support. C) determine the patient's chief complaint. D) ask bystanders to help. Use this scenario to answer the following question(s). You respond to a 67-year-old female who has fallen at home. On arrival the patient is conscious and alert, with no respiratory or cardiac compromise. She states she tripped and fell and now has pain in her left hip. She thinks she might have heard a "pop" as she hit the floor. She has her neighbor at her side and says it is all right for you to leave, and that the neighbor can get her up and to her favorite chair. She's afraid she can't afford the ambulance and the hospital, and she is sure she is just feeling her age. You know that the ambulance is on its way and should arrive soon. 2) Following the call, one of the neighbors stops you and asks what happened. You know you cannot 2) speak with him concerning the patient's condition because it would breech: A) patient consideration. B) the standard of care. C) confidentiality. D) customer service. Use this example to answer the following question(s). You receive a call to a patient with the complaint of shortness of breath, fever, and coughing. 3) As with the patient in the example, Emergency Medical Responders know that the most common 3) diseases of concern to them include all of the following EXCEPT: A) meningitis.
    [Show full text]
  • Heartsaver First Aid Written Test Answer Key Correct Answer
    Heartsaver First Aid Written Test Answer Key SECTION ON FIRST AID BASICS Section and Correct Question Page Answer Reference gloves 1. Fill in the blank with the correct word or words. Protection Personal protective equipment includes ________ to protect From Blood- your hands from blood and other body fluids. Borne Diseases on pages 7–8 True 2. True or false (Circle the correct answer) Protection After you give first aid, you should wash your hands to help From Blood- prevent illness. Borne Diseases on pages 7–8 biohazard 3. Fill in the blank with the correct word or words. Protection After you give first aid, you should put your used gloves in a From Blood- _____ bag if one is available. Borne Diseases on pages 7–8 True 4. True or false (Circle the correct answer) Steps to Find After you check the scene to be sure it is safe, you should the Problem first look for problems that may be life-threatening. on page 15 END OF SECTION ON FIRST AID BASICS © 2006 American Heart Association 1 First Aid Basics SECTION ON MEDICAL EMERGENCIES Section and Correct Question Page Answer Reference True 1 True or false (Circle the correct answer) How to Help a If an adult is eating and suddenly coughs and cannot Choking breathe, talk, or make any sounds, you should ask the Person Over 1 adult if she is choking. If she nods, tell her you are Year of Age going to help and give abdominal thrusts. on page 26 True 2. True or false (Circle the correct answer) How to Help a When giving abdominal thrusts to an adult who is Choking choking, you should put the thumb side of your fist Person Over 1 slightly above her navel (belly button) and well below Year of Age the breastbone.
    [Show full text]
  • Medical Standard Operating Guidelines (Released May 2016)
    CENTURY AMBULANCE SERVICE, INC. Medical Standard Operating Guidelines (Released May 2016) Authorization These guidelines and treatment guidelines were developed and reviewed under the authorization of the below-signed Medical Director in accordance with Florida Statute 401 and Chapter 64J-1 of the Florida Administrative Code. Changes to these guidelines can only be made with the authorization of the Medical Director and Century Ambulance Service, Inc. Signature on File David Murray, M.D. Medical Director These Medical Standard Operating Guidelines (MSOG) as reviewed and signed above by Century Ambulance Service, Inc.’s Medical Director supersede all previous memos, Emergency Medical Services Standard Operating Guidelines, Medical Standard Operating Guidelines, and Drug Listings. Century Ambulance Service, Inc. Medical Standard Operating Guidelines 1 Table of Contents (200.00) Authorization...................................................................................................................................... 1 Table of Contents (200.00) ................................................................................................................ 2 Introduction (200.02) ......................................................................................................................... 8 Reporting and Treating Patient Abuse / Neglect (205.00) ................................................................. 9 Clinical Quality Assurance Program Purpose and Overview (205.02)...........................................
    [Show full text]
  • R01 Page 1 of 1 Effective November 2018Effective October 2019
    San Mateo County Emergency Medical Services Airway Obstruction/Choking For any upper airway emergency including choking, foreign body, swelling, stridor, croup, and obstructed tracheostomy History Signs and Symptoms Differential • Sudden onset of shortness of breath/coughing • Sudden onset of coughing, wheezing or gagging • Foreign body aspiration • Recent history of eating or food present • Stridor • Food bolus aspiration • History of stroke or swallowing problems • Inability to talk • Epiglottitis • Past medical history • Universal sign for choking • Syncope • Sudden loss of speech • Panic • Hypoxia • Syncope • Pointing to throat • Asthma/COPD • Syncope • CHF exacerbation • Cyanosis • Anaphylaxis • Massive pulmonary embolus If SpO ≥ 92% Concern for airway 2 No Routine obstruction? Medical Care Yes Assess severity Mild Severe (Partial obstruction or (significant obstruction or effective cough) ineffective cough) Encourage coughing If standing, deliver abdominal thrusts or If supine, begin chest compressions SpO2 monitoring E E Supplemental oxygen to Continue until obstruction clears or patient maintain SpO2 ≥ 92% arrests Monitor airway Magill forceps with video laryngoscopy P Magill forceps with direct laryngoscopy Monitor and reassess Cardiac monitor Monitor for worsening signs and symptoms Cardiac Arrest Notify receiving facility. Consider Base Hospital for medical direction Pearls • Bag valve mask can force the food obstruction deeper • If unable to bag valve mask, consider a foreign body obstruction, particularly after proper airway maneuvers have been performed • For obese and pregnant victims, put your hands at the base of their breastbones, right where the lowest ribs join together • If foreign body is below cords and chest compressions fail to dislodge obstruction, consider intubation and forcing foreign body into right main stem bronchus.
    [Show full text]
  • First Aid for Choking in Infants and Children
    Choking Dangers Choking occurs when something blocks the airway. When the airway is completely blocked, the child cannot breathe. Choking can be a frightening emergency. If you act quickly, you can help the child breathe. Partial Blockage If the child can speak or cough loudly, the airway is not completely blocked. You should NOT try to open the airway. If you are worried about the child's breathing, call 9-1-1. If you determine there is blockage: • shout for help • begin the first aid techniques below 1. Find out if the child can breathe, cry, or speak. See if the child has a strong cough. (A strong cough means there is little or no blockage and a child may dislodge the item if there is blockage.) If you think a child is choking, ask the child "are you choking?" If the child nods, ask "can you speak?" If the child can't speak, cough loudly, or cry, tell the child you are going to help. 2. DO NOT start first aid if there is a strong cough or if there is little or no blockage. This can turn a partial blockage into a complete blockage. If the child is coughing, crying, or speaking, DO NOT do anything but call your doctor for further advice. Complete Blockage Signs of choking in the child with a complete airway blockage: • inability to breathe at all • weak cough and a loss of color • sudden cough, gag or high-pitched noisy breathing • demonstrate the choking sign (holding the neck with one or both hands) • bluish lips or skin If you determine there is blockage: • shout for help • begin the first aid techniques below For Infants Younger Than 1 Year Old 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Sub-Diaphragmatic Thrusts and Drowned Persons
    International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education Volume 4 Number 1 Article 10 2-1-2010 Sub-Diaphragmatic Thrusts and Drowned Persons Advisory Council on First Aid, Aquatics, Safety, and Prevention (ACFASP), American Red Cross Francesco Pia Roy Fielding Peter G. Wernicke David Markenson Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/ijare Recommended Citation Advisory Council on First Aid, Aquatics, Safety, and Prevention (ACFASP), American Red Cross; Pia, Francesco; Fielding, Roy; Wernicke, Peter G.; and Markenson, David (2010) "Sub-Diaphragmatic Thrusts and Drowned Persons," International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education: Vol. 4 : No. 1 , Article 10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25035/ijare.04.01.10 Available at: https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/ijare/vol4/iss1/10 This Scientific Literature Review is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at ScholarWorks@BGSU. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@BGSU. Advisory Council on First Aid, Aquatics, Safety, and Prevention (ACFASP), American Red Cross et al.: Sub-Diaphragmatic Thrusts and Drowned Persons Scientific Review International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education, 2010, 4, 81-92 Sub-Diaphragmatic Thrusts and Drowned Persons Advisory Council on First Aid, Aquatics, Safety, and Prevention (ACFASP) American Red Cross Scientific Review (Triennial Re-Evaluation – June, 2009) Review Authors: Francesco Pia, Ph.D., Roy Fielding, M.A., Peter G. Wernicki, M.D., David Markenson, M.D. Questions to Be Addressed After removing a person in respiratory or cardiac arrest from the water, what is the first step a first responder should carry out? Introduction/Overview The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) conducts a scientific evidence review and the American Red Cross (ARC) uses this review as one of the sources to provide Guidelines for Emergency Care and Education.
    [Show full text]
  • CPR/AED for Professional Rescuers and Health Care Providers HANDBOOK
    CPR/AED for Professional Rescuers and Health Care Providers HANDBOOK American Red Cross CPR/AED for Professional Rescuers and Health Care Providers HANDBOOK This CPR/AED for Professional Rescuers and Health Care Providers Handbook is part of the American Red Cross CPR/AED for Professional Rescuers and Health Care Providers program. By itself, it does not constitute complete and comprehensive training. Visit redcross.org to learn more about this program. The emergency care procedures outlined in this book refl ect the standard of knowledge and accepted emergency practices in the United States at the time this book was published. It is the reader’s responsibility to stay informed of changes in emergency care procedures. PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING TERMS AND CONDITIONS BEFORE AGREEING TO ACCESS AND DOWNLOAD THE AMERICAN RED CROSS MATERIALS. BY DOWNLOADING THE MATERIALS, YOU HEREBY AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS. The downloadable electronic materials, including all content, graphics, images and logos, are copyrighted by and the exclusive property of The American National Red Cross (“Red Cross”). Unless otherwise indicated in writing by the Red Cross, the Red Cross grants you (“recipient”) the limited right to download, print, photocopy and use the electronic materials, subject to the following restrictions: ■ The recipient is prohibited from selling electronic versions of the materials. ■ The recipient is prohibited from revising, altering, adapting or modifying the materials. ■ The recipient is prohibited from creating any derivative works incorporating, in part or in whole, the content of the materials. ■ The recipient is prohibited from downloading the materials and putting them on their own website without Red Cross permission.
    [Show full text]
  • Adult First Aid/CPR/AED READY REFERENCE CHECKING an INJURED OR ILL ADULT APPEARS to BE UNCONSCIOUS
    Adult First Aid/CPR/AED READY REFERENCE CHECKING AN INJURED OR ILL ADULT APPEARS TO BE UNCONSCIOUS TIP: Use disposable gloves and other personal protective equipment and obtain consent whenever giving care. AFTER CHECKING THE SCENE FOR SAFETY, CHECK THE PERSON: CHECK FOR RESPONSIVENESS Tap the shoulder and shout, “Are you OK?” CALL 9-1-1 If no response, CALL 9-1-1 or the local emergency number. ■■ If an unconscious person is face-down, roll face-up, supporting the head, neck and back in a straight line. If the person responds, obtain consent and CALL 9-1-1 or the local emergency number for any life-threatening conditions. CHECK the person from head to toe and ask questions to find out what happened. OPEN THE AIRWAY Tilt head, lift chin. PANEL 2 CHECK FOR BREATHING CHECK quickly for breathing for no more than 10 seconds. ■■ Occasional gasps are not breathing. QUICKLY SCAN FOR SEVERE BLEEDING WHAT TO DO NEXT ■■ Give CARE based on conditions found. ■■ IF NO BREATHING—Go to PANEL 6 or PANEL 7 (if an AED is immediately available). ■■ IF BREATHING—Maintain an open airway and monitor for any changes in condition. PANEL 3 CONSCIOUS CHOKING CANNOT COUGH, SPEAK OR BREATHE AFTER CHECKING THE SCENE AND THE INJURED OR ILL PERSON, HAVE SOMEONE CALL 9-1-1 AND GET CONSENT. GIVE 5 BACK BLOWS Give 5 back blows. ■■ Bend the person forward at the waist and give 5 back blows between the shoulder blades with the heel of one hand. GIVE 5 ABDOMINAL THRUSTS ■■ Place a fist with the thumb side against the middle of the person’s abdomen, just above the navel.
    [Show full text]
  • Basic Airway Management & Decision Making
    Roberts: Clinical Procedures in Emergency Medicine, 5th ed. CHAPTER 3 – Basic Airway Management and Decision-Making Robert F. Reardon, Phillip E. Mason, Joseph E. Clinton Over the last few decades, several important changes have occurred in emergency airway management. Bag-mask ventilation has been supplemented by intermediate, or backup, ventilation devices like the laryngeal mask airway (LMA), the Combitube, and the laryngeal tube. These have become important devices for the initial resuscitation of apneic patients and for rescue ventilation when intubation fails.[1] Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV) is now used in place of tracheal intubation in some critically ill patients. Despite these advances, basic techniques such as opening the airway, oxygenation, and bag-mask ventilation remain the cornerstones of good emergency airway management. [2] [3] Airway maintenance without endotracheal intubation is one of the most important emergency [4] airway management techniques to keep patients alive until a definitive airway can be established. This chapter describes basic airway skills including opening the airway, O2 therapy, NPPV, bag-mask ventilation, and intermediate ventilation devices. Because of the complexity of these skills and decisions, providers should develop a simple, organized approach to emergency airway management, being cognizant that when a specific intervention has failed, it is time to move rapidly to a different approach. Developing a simple preconceived algorithm that employs proven techniques and is applicable to a broad range of clinical scenarios will help providers manage difficult, anxiety-provoking emergency airways. THE CHALLENGE OF EMERGENCY AIRWAY MANAGEMENT Although other specialists are sometimes available, most emergency airways are managed by emergency clinicians.[5] Airway management in the emergency department (ED) is much different from airway management in the controlled setting of the operating room.
    [Show full text]