EMERGENCY MEDICAL RESPONDER MARCH PRE WORK
Name______
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) When moving or lifting a patient, you should: 1) A) use good body mechanics. B) provide emotional support. C) determine the patient's chief complaint. D) ask bystanders to help.
Use this scenario to answer the following question(s).
You respond to a 67-year-old female who has fallen at home. On arrival the patient is conscious and alert, with no respiratory or cardiac compromise. She states she tripped and fell and now has pain in her left hip. She thinks she might have heard a "pop" as she hit the floor. She has her neighbor at her side and says it is all right for you to leave, and that the neighbor can get her up and to her favorite chair. She's afraid she can't afford the ambulance and the hospital, and she is sure she is just feeling her age. You know that the ambulance is on its way and should arrive soon.
2) Following the call, one of the neighbors stops you and asks what happened. You know you cannot 2) speak with him concerning the patient's condition because it would breech: A) patient consideration. B) the standard of care. C) confidentiality. D) customer service.
Use this example to answer the following question(s).
You receive a call to a patient with the complaint of shortness of breath, fever, and coughing.
3) As with the patient in the example, Emergency Medical Responders know that the most common 3) diseases of concern to them include all of the following EXCEPT: A) meningitis. B) hepatitis B virus. C) acquired immune deficiency syndrome. D) whooping cough.
Use this example to answer the following question(s).
You have a call for a 47-year-old female with abdominal pain. When asked, she points to the upper portion of the right side of her abdomen.
4) You would report this as the: 4) A) LUQ. B) LLQ. C) RUQ. D) RLQ.
5) Prior to moving your patients, you should consider the safe techniques of body mechanics. All of 5) the following are safe techniques EXCEPT: A) Use your legs instead of your back. B) Hold the weight away from the body. C) Position your feet properly. D) When lifting with one hand, do not compensate by leaning to the other side.
1 6) You know that with children the head is usually proportionally the largest part of the body. When 6) opening the airway, you may need to place a towel or rag in which place to assist in maintaining the airway patency? A) Under the child's neck B) Under the child's shoulders C) Under the child's head D) Under the child's lower torso
7) During your assessment of a trauma patient, you should use ______to help you remember what 7) to look for in the physical exam. A) DCAP-ATLS B) DCAP-BTLS C) ACLS-DECAP D) BTLS-ACLS
Use this scenario to answer the following question(s).
You and your partner are eating dinner at a restaurant after a busy day. As you look over your shoulder, you see a person jump up and grab his chest, and then fall to the floor.
8) If the patient is unresponsive, you should: 8) A) call 911 and start CPR. B) call 911 and open the airway. C) call 911. D) call 911 and grab the AED.
9) You and your crew respond to an emergency call and find several family members who are upset 9) because one of the children has had a seizure. They are concerned and want to know how this could have happened. You know that all of the following could be causes of seizures EXCEPT: A) epilepsy. B) hypothermia. C) head trauma. D) fever.
10) You are called for a patient who splashed a chemical in his eyes. You should: 10) A) flush the eyes with water for 15 minutes. B) not flush the eyes with water. C) flush the eyes with water for 20 minutes. D) flush the eyes with water for 10 minutes.
11) When caring for patients with suspected musculoskeletal injuries, you should: 11) A) remember scene safety and mechanism of injury. B) assess and care for all life-threatening problems first. C) provide oxygen and maintain body temperature to help prevent shock. D) All of the above
12) In the United States, there are currently ______million elderly people. 12) A) 36 B) 25 C) 35 D) 30
13) If the amniotic sac has NOT ruptured, you should immediately: 13) A) suction the baby and administer oxygen, then transport. B) gently loosen the cord with your fingers and slip it over the baby's head. C) place two fingers inside the vagina, creating a "V," so the baby can breathe. D) puncture the sac and pull it away from the baby's mouth and nose.
14) An infant who has been vomiting and having diarrhea for days will show signs and symptoms of: 14) A) delayed capillary refill. B) sunken fontanels. C) dehydration. D) all of the above.
2 15) Which of the following are hazards that should be noted as an Emergency Medical Responder 15) approaches the scene of a motor-vehicle collision? A) Fire B) Leaking fuel C) Downed electrical wires D) All of the above
16) The first formal Incident Management Systems were formed as a result of which of the following? 16) A) Terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 B) Highway accidents in the 1960s C) Midwestern tornadoes in the 1950s D) California wildfires in the 1970s
17) To estimate the systolic blood pressure of an adult male at rest, you could use the following rule: 17) A) add his age to 100. B) add his age to 110. C) add his age to 90. D) double his age.
18) A patient who is not breathing should receive oxygen via: 18) A) bag-valve-mask with oxygen at 15 lpm. B) venturi mask. C) nasal cannula. D) nonrebreather face mask.
19) Which of the following is NOT one of the "four rights" of medication administration? 19) A) Right route B) Right medication C) Right patient D) Right place
20) The organization that establishes rules for aircraft is the: 20) A) EMS hospital. B) EMS aviation administration. C) Federal aviation administration. D) Safety administration.
21) Substances that occur naturally in the environment and can be produced by an animal, plant, or 21) microbe are referred to as: A) rickettsia. B) bacteria. C) viruses. D) toxins.
22) When resuscitating a near-drowning victim, current American Heart Association and American 22) Red Cross guidelines state: A) Push on the stomach to relieve water. B) Do not push on the stomach to relieve water. C) Do not expect the patient to vomit. D) Place the victim's arms above his or her head.
3 Use this scenario to answer the following question(s).
You and your partner are called to a one-vehicle collision, car versus electrical pole. You arrive on scene and notice that the police are controlling traffic and that the power company has turned the power off. You and your partner find a 65-year-old male unconscious in the driver's seat. He is breathing and has a pulse. You notice a starburst to the windshield, and the patient is unrestrained. As your crew is securing spinal restriction, the local Advance Life Support crew arrives on scene. You assist the Paramedic and EMT-Basic with securing the patient to the long backboard and into their unit for transport. You give the crew a report, and they transport the patient to the hospital while you return to the fire department for restocking.
23) As an Emergency Medical Responder on this call, the first responsibility for you and your crew 23) would be to: A) ensure that the patient has an open airway. B) make sure that advance care had been called. C) assure your safety and that of your partner. D) have the police direct you to the appropriate parking area.
24) After an incident, confidentiality laws indicate that the Emergency Medical Responder can only 24) discuss patient information for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: A) talking with the emergency department personnel involved in the care of the patient. B) giving report to EMTs caring for the patient. C) talking about the events of the day with close family members or a spouse. D) using the information in documenting the incident.
25) Stress will cause ______on the body's physical or mental resources. 25) A) an emotional response B) reactions C) wear and tear D) a disorder
Use this example to answer the following question(s).
Your patient complains of falling and has a deformity to the lower leg near the ankle, to the inside of the leg.
26) This injury will be most likely associated with which organ system? 26) A) Musculoskeletal system B) Endocrine system C) Circulatory system D) Nervous system
27) You are helping the EMTs lift a backboard with a patient on it. You should: 27) A) twist during lifting. B) lift with your back. C) keep the weight close to your body. D) keep your knees straight.
Use this scenario to answer the following question(s).
You and your partner decide to stop at the local restaurant to have lunch. A family sitting across from you seems to be having fun while joking with the children. All of a sudden you hear a shriek and see the mother lifting the child from the highchair. The mother screams, "My baby can't breathe." The 11-month-old is conscious and not making any noises. His eyes are wide open, and his skin is turning blue around the lips.
28) You would do which of the following to help this infant? 28) A) Administer oxygen with a bag-valve device B) Attempt back slaps followed by chest thrusts C) A blind finger sweep D) Abdominal thrusts
4 29) Vital signs include all of the following EXCEPT: 29) A) pulse. B) signs and symptoms. C) blood pressure. D) respiration.
30) If the pulse does not return after the first shock, you should: 30) A) start CPR. B) open the airway. C) remove the AED pads. D) monitor the patient's breathing and pulse.
31) The heart receives oxygenated blood though the: 31) A) arteries. B) veins. C) blood. D) coronary arteries.
Use this scenario to answer the following question(s).
Your crew has been called to the scene of a chain saw accident. A 27-year-old male was working with the chain saw when it slipped and cut across the thigh of his right leg. He has a jagged 5-inch cut to the inside of the thigh that is actively bleeding.
32) Management of this patient's current condition should include all of the following EXCEPT: 32) A) give small sips of water. B) place supine with his legs slightly elevated. C) continue to control any hemorrhage. D) cover the patient for warmth.
33) All of the following are examples of noncommercial splints EXCEPT: 33) A) canes. B) air splints. C) sporting equipment. D) magazines.
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
34) The Emergency Medical Responder acts as a designated agent of the medical director. 34)
35) The first priority of an Emergency Medical Responder should be to control any life-threatening 35) problems of the airway.
36) The personal protective equipment for the Emergency Medical Responder should only include 36) masks, gowns, barrier devices, and eye protection.
37) Since many states do not require Emergency Medical Responders to document their actions during 37) an emergency, it is NOT advised that the Emergency Medical Responder waste his or her time doing any documentation of calls.
38) The patient who is unconscious is assumed to want medical treatment under the principle of 38) expressed consent.
39) As an Emergency Medical Responder, you will be dealing with patients who are going through 39) situations of death and dying. You know that there is no predictable process that they are going to progress through.
40) Assessing that the scene is safe is a priority of the Emergency Medical Responder but should NOT 40) interfere with patient management.
5 41) Superior means toward the top of the head. 41)
42) The muscular structure that divides the chest cavity and the abdominal cavity is known as the 42) diaphragm.
43) A stair chair is used to move a patient down the stairs. 43)
44) It is best for the rescuer to stand on a firm surface with the legs and feet together during lifting 44) procedures.
45) The atmosphere contains about 21% oxygen. 45)
46) The act of air moving in and out of the body is called ventilation. 46)
47) What is medically wrong with your patient is called the nature of illness. 47)
48) During the scene size-up, the Emergency Medical Responder should assess scene safety, take BSI, 48) check for mechanisms of injury or the nature of illness, and determine the number of patients.
49) The third link in the chain of survival is "early advanced life support." 49)
50) Correct compression depth for the pediatric patient is to compress the chest approximately 50) one-third to one-half the depth of the chest.
51) To help a patient breathe when the diaphragm is NOT moving enough air, the patient would use 51) the accessory muscles.
52) When caring for a patient with the typical signs of a heart attack, the Emergency Medical 52) Responder can sometimes decrease the chest pain by administering supplemental oxygen.
53) The primary method of caring for chemical burns is to wash away the chemical with water. It is 53) important to flush the affected area for 5-10 minutes maximum.
54) When the trachea is pushed to one side, it is called tracheal depression. 54)
55) The Emergency Medical Responder's job when presented with injuries to the muscles and bones is 55) to determine whether an injury is a fractured bone, a dislocated joint, a ligament sprain, or a muscle strain.
56) People with certain medical conditions such as bone cancer or osteoporosis have very fragile bones, 56) and the slightest force can result in a fracture.
57) Trauma is the leading cause of death in the elderly. 57)
58) Once the baby's feet deliver, lay the baby on his side with his head slightly lower than his body to 58) enable blood, other fluids, and mucus to drain from the mouth and nose.
59) As you assess the ABCs in a trauma case, reposition the child's head before you stabilize the neck. 59)
6 60) An Emergency Medical Responder should only assume the presence of hazardous materials at an 60) emergency incident site if placards are present.
61) If the scene is unstable or dangerous in any way, begin to move people regardless of their injuries. 61)
62) The AHA-preferred technique for determining blood pressure is to place your fingertips over the 62) radial pulse as you inflate the cuff. When you can no longer feel the pulse, pump up the cuff pressure 30 more mmHg. Then slowly release the pressure as you listen for the systolic pressure sounds.
63) It is acceptable to administer oxygen directly to newborn infants. 63)
64) Before you give or assist with any medication, you must first check the four "rights." 64)
65) EMS helicopters can fly interfacility missions. 65)
66) Three early signs of nerve agent exposure are salivation, defecation, and tearing. 66)
67) Mouth-to-mask techniques and CPR are indicated while the patient is in the water if the patient is 67) not breathing and has no pulse.
68) Calming your patient's fears of illness or injury can be done by telling the patient that everything 68) will be all right or by telling the patient not to worry.
69) You have left your patient in the care of another trained person of equal, but not higher, level of 69) medical education. You have committed a situation called abandonment.
70) BSI is a form of infection control used only when you know that a patient has a communicable 70) disease.
71) The xiphoid process is part of the lower sternum. 71)
72) In a nonemergency move, you should use a minimum of two rescuers whenever possible. 72)
73) Infants have a normal respiratory rate of 25 to 50 breaths per minute. 73)
74) You should obtain baseline vital signs on all medical patients. 74)
75) Rescue breathing for an individual 8 years or older should be one breath every 5-6 seconds. 75)
76) Heat exhaustion is a true emergency, with the patient having an increased core temperature that 76) could lead to seizures, coma, and death.
77) Major burns of greater than 9% of the body should not be continuously flushed with water due to 77) the possibility of causing the patient to experience hypothermia.
78) A lack of feeling or the inability to move may indicate that there is pressure on or damage to a 78) nerve.
7 79) Elderly patients have a lower sensitivity to pain. 79)
80) It is acceptable to use a bag-valve mask or airway adjunct designed for older children or adults to 80) resuscitate a newborn.
81) Always handle the head of the newborn with caution because of the fontanelle (soft spot). 81)
82) Many Emergency Medical Responders are injured when they attempt to help vehicle-collision 82) victims.
83) The Incident Management System (IMS) is also commonly referred to as the Incident Command 83) System (ICS).
84) Using the palpation method (feeling the radial pulse) is a pretty accurate method of obtaining a 84) blood pressure.
85) Only those providers trained and authorized to administer oxygen should do so. 85)
86) Indications are specific signs or conditions for which it is appropriate to use the drug. 86)
87) EMS aircraft operate under visual flight rules. 87)
88) One way of spreading a biological agent is through contaminated food or water. 88)
89) Drowning victims who are resuscitated are very likely to vomit. 89)
90) Those procedures that an Emergency Medical Responder can provide as care for a patient are 90) called their scope of care.
91) Failure to provide a standard of care that leads to further harm is called negligence. 91)
92) Emergency Medical Responders can protect themselves from tuberculosis with a basic surgical 92) mask.
93) The liver and gallbladder would be found in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. 93)
94) It is best to keep the weight closest to the body whenever carrying heavy objects. 94)
95) Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide taking place in the lungs and body is a process called 95) respiration.
96) Blood found within the ears or nasal cavities could be indicative of a head injury or skull fracture. 96)
97) If you have a patient with all the signs and symptoms of a heart attack, you should attach the AED 97) in case the patient arrests in the next few minutes.
98) If your patient is hyperventilating with too fast and/or too deep respirations, as an Emergency 98) Medical Responder you could slow the respirations by having the patient breathe into a paper bag.
8 99) A burn can affect the dermis, epidermis, and subsequent levels of the body with little to no pain 99) due to the damage of the nervous system is associated with a third-degree or full-thickness burn.
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