DOCSLIB.ORG

Petrography and Geochemistry of Metasedimentary Rocks from the Taku Schist in Kelantan, North-East Peninsular Malaysia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Petrography and Geochemistry of Metasedimentary Rocks from the Taku Schist in Kelantan, North-East Peninsular Malaysia Journal of Applied Geology, vol. 5(2), 2020, pp. 124–140 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jag.61183 Petrography and Geochemistry of Metasedimentary Rocks from the Taku Schist in Kelantan, North-East Peninsular Malaysia Muhammad Irman Khalif Ahmad Aminuddin1,2, Nugroho Imam Setiawan*1, I Wayan Warmada1, Kamar Shah Ariffin2, and Kotaro Yonezu3 1Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 2School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang 14300, Malaysia 3Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan ABSTRACT. The Taku Schist, located in north-east Peninsular Malaysia, is characterized by its North-South oriented elongated body. It forms part of the Indosinian orogenic build-up generated by the convergence of the Sibumasu continental block and Sukhothai Arc. Pet- rographic analyses of the metasedimentary rocks sourced from the Taku Schist revealed that the formation was attributable to greenschist’s metamorphism into amphibolite fa- cies, which could be observed near the Triassic and Cretaceous intrusions of the Kema- hang Granite. The evolution process of the rocks could be linked with the interactions between a contact and regional metamorphisms. The resulting of XRF and ICP-MS geo- chemical analyses upon the assessment disclosed that the metasedimentary rocks of Taku Schist were made up of greywacke and shale, grouped into the quartzose sedimentary protolith, and belonged to the Continental Island Arc (CIA). It reflects the Taku Schist’s episodic contractions, wherein they would lead to the Sibumasu sedimentary cover along with both an accretionary wedge and the genetically-correlated Bentong-Raub mélange to different greenschist. Otherwise associated with amphibolite facies, the facies’ conditions and depths were determined according to their position with the Sukhothai Arc’s upper plate. Keywords: Peninsular Malaysia · Taku Schist · South-East Asia · Indosinian orogen. 1I NTRODUCTION tary rocks will be beneficial in evaluating the The metasedimentary rocks of Taku Schist in crucial determinants of both pre-metamorphic the north-east region of Peninsular Malaysia sedimentary and orogenic evolutions, as well formulate a percentage of the Indosinian oro- as their path. Furthermore, research efforts genic and post-orogenic structures found in on protolith analysis will also yield novel in- Southeast Asia. These rocks’ formation re- sight regarding the compositional differences sulted from subduction and collision experi- of a depositional environment, protolith, trans- enced by the Sibumasu continental block and port, and the source and sink’s geotectonic loca- Sukhothai Arc during the Permo-Triassic pe- tion. Accordingly, a metamorphosed sediment riod (Metcalfe, 2002; Ferrari et al., 2008; Ridd, and its composition represent its history and 2012; Morley, 2012). An assessment of the petro- initial evolution, whereas its mineral composi- logical and geochemical properties of sedimen- tion reveals the subsequent development. Re- gardless, geochemical research efforts encom- passing the significant elements and immobile *Corresponding author: N.I. SETIAWAN, Depart- ment of Geological Engineering, Universitas Gadjah trace elements, including rare earth elements, Mada. Jl. Grafika 2 Yogyakarta, Indonesia. E-mail: are likely to be beneficial as reactive indicators [email protected] 2502-2822/© 2020 The Authors. Open Access and published under the CC-BY license. PETROGRAPHY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF METASEDIMENTARY ROCKS FROM THE TAKU SCHIST,KELANTAN of source rocks and tectonic setting. Hence- Moreover, they experienced intrusions due to forth, this work aims to differentiate newly- no small pluton (Kemahang granite) and re- obtained data from protolith studies on South- main in the proximity of non-metamorphosed east Asia basins, specifically the Taku Schist to sub-greenschist facies Permo–Triassic sed- in North-East Peninsular Malaysia. This study iments (Ali et al., 2016; Hutchison, 2009 and will undoubtedly contribute towards the body Khoo and Lim, 1983). Meanwhile, the Taku of knowledge on the regional geodynamic en- Schist itself presents a north-south elongated vironment and tectonic setting. body characterized by 80 km-long and 8 to 22 km-wide dimensions. In general, the non- 2R EGIONAL GEOLOGY fossiliferous Taku schist’s age could not be The formation of the Indosinian orogeny in accurately determined but is presumed to be Peninsular Malaysia was dated back to the of the Permo-Triassic period (Khoo and Lim, Devonian–Permian subduction and Paleo– 1983). Tethys Ocean closure due to the Triassic col- lision between the East Malaya Block and 3M ETHODOLOGY Sibumasu continental unit (Metcalfe, 2000). Taku Schist belongs to north-east Peninsular Figure 1a shown the sequel of the subduction Malaysia and reveals a vast exposure of meta- and collision events, which have separated the morphic rocks originated from the sediments Peninsular Malaysia into three parallel belts and subordinate magmatic rocks that will meta- according to their variations of magmatism, morphose into greenschist-amphibolite facies stratigraphy, mineralization, structure, and in the later stages. The approximate sampling metamorphism (Hutchison, 1975 and Metcalfe, locations of metasedimentary rocks are marked 2013). Furthermore, in-depth geochemical and in Figure 2 accordingly. absolute age-dating works have concluded In total, 13 metasedimentary rock samples that the primarily sedimentary Central Belt were collected from the research area. The sub- separates the Permian–Lower Triassic I-type sequent thin section sample preparation pro- Eastern Belt and Late Triassic S-type Western cesses and petrographic analyses were carried Belt (Ghani et al., 2013; Ng et al., 2015 and out at Economic Geology Laboratory, Depart- Searle et al., 2012). The intrusion of plutons ment of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu into a well-documented sedimentary succes- University, Fukuoka, Japan. Petrographic thin sion depicts the measured shift from shallow sections were prepared to identify the textu- to deep marine environments, thereby impact- ral characteristics and the secondary minerals ing the regionally metamorphosed rocks to of rocks through observation using a Nikon different degrees. Such effect includes the ac- Eclipse E600 POL microscope equipped with an cretionary mélange housing the mafic rocks of AdvanCam-U3II camera. the Bentong–Raub suture zone (Ali et al., 2016). Geochemistry analyses for 13 samples of Accordingly, the area has been positioned as metasedimentary rocks from Taku Schist were the suture connecting the Sibumasu and East analyzed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Malaya Block/Sukhothai Arc (Metcalfe, 2000; Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrom- Metcalfe, 2013 and Hutchison, 2009). In partic- etry (ICP-MS) methods. For XRF, before the ular, the Taku Schist of North-East Peninsular analysis, one 1 gram of each sample was com- Malaysia as depicted in Figure 1b is notable busted in an electric furnace at 1000°C for 2 due to the varying grades of metamorphic hours to determine the LOI value. Pressed rocks lying close to the Late Cretaceous mag- powdered samples were prepared by pressing matic intrusions (Searle et al., 2012; Hutchison, at 20 MPa for about 2 minutes in vinyl chloride 2009; Khoo and Lim, 1983 and Ghani, 2000). rings. A Rigaku RIX 3100 XRF spectrometer Therefore, this region’s metasediments was utilized in the analysis to determine the have displayed several properties, including bulk major, minor, and trace elemental compo- greenschist-amphibolite facies metamorphism, sitions of the pressed powdered samples. The an extensive deformation fabric, and resid- research’s measurement conditions considered ual metamorphosed mafic or acid intrusive. were 30 kV, and 70 mA, and the JA-3 andesite Journal of Applied Geology 125 AMINUDDIN et al. 100OE 105OE 110OE 1a Paleo-Tethys Suture Zone Myanmar Sukhothai Island-arc System West 0 500km Burma Block Laos O Figure 2 20 N 1b T H A I L A N D Lebir Fault N Thailand Indochina Tanah Terrane Merah Machang Baling Jeli K E D A H RESEARCH Cambodia Bentong-Raub Suture Zone Suture Bentong-Raub AREA Bok Bak Fault Chanthaburi Terrane Kuala Krai Lebir Fault ANDAMAN Sukhothai and SEA Gerik K E L A N T A N 10ON Sibumasu Bok Bak Fault Terrane P E R A K Lebir Fault Bok Bak Fault Gua Musang Kuala Kangsar 05ON Fig.1b Malaysia West Sumatra Block East P A H A N G Malaya Block Tanah Rata LEGENDS Quaternary clay, silt, sand with minor gravel Acid intrusive rock Jurassic-Cretaceous cross-bedded sandstone with Major Fault subordinate conglomerate and shale/mudstone Triassic interbedded sandstone, siltstone and shale; widespread volcanics mainly tuff Minor Fault Permian-Triassic bedded limestone Thailand Permian phyllite, slate and shale with subordinate sandstone and schist Carboniferous-Permian schist, phyllite, slate, metasandstone, sandstone, shale and chert with minor limestone Carboniferous phyllite, slate, shale and sandstone Silurian-Devonian argillaceous; slate, phyllite, schist and pelitic hornfels, calc- sillicate facies; calc-sillicate hornfels, and impure limestone; and sandstone Ordovician-Silurian schist, phyllite, slate and limestone FFigureIGURE 1. 1: (a) Simplified (a) Simplified tectonic maptectonic of Peninsular map Malaysiaof Peninsular in terms ofMalaysia Asia continental in terms units andof sutureAsia zonescontinental (modified units after Metcalfe,and
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Palaeozoic Collision Between the North and South China Blocks, Triassic Intracontinental Tectonics, and the Problem of the Ultra
    Palaeozoic collision between the North and South China Blocks, Triassic intracontinental tectonics, and the problem of the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism Michel Faure, Wei Lin, Patrick Monié, Sébastien Meffre To cite this version: Michel Faure, Wei Lin, Patrick Monié, Sébastien Meffre. Palaeozoic collision between the North and South China Blocks, Triassic intracontinental tectonics, and the problem of the ultrahigh- pressure metamorphism. Comptes Rendus Géoscience, Elsevier Masson, 2008, 340, pp.139-150. 10.1016/j.crte.2007.10.007. insu-00191534 HAL Id: insu-00191534 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00191534 Submitted on 8 Jan 2008 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Comptes Rendus Geoscience Palaeozoic collision between the North and South China blocks, Triassic intracontinental tectonics, and the problem of the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism Collision paléozoïque entre les blocs de Chine du Nord et du Sud, tectonique intracontinentale triasique et le problème du métamorphisme de ultra-haute pression Michel Faure a, , Wei
    [Show full text]
  • The Metamorphic and Plutonic Rocks of the Southernmost Sierra Nevada, California, and Their Tectonic Framework
    The Metamorphic and Plutonic Rocks of the Southernmost Sierra Nevada, California, and Their Tectonic Framework U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1381 The Metamorphic and Plutonic Rocks of the Southernmost Sierra Nevada, California, and Their Tectonic Framework By DONALD C. ROSS U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1381 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1989 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MANUEL LUJAN, JR., Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ross, Donald Clarence, 1924 The metamorphic and plutonic rocks of the southernmost Sierra Nevada, California, and their tectonic framework / by Donald C. Ross. p. cm. (U.S. Geological Survey professional paper ; 1381) Bibliography: p. Supt.ofDocs.no.: 119.16:1381 1. Rocks, Igneous Sierra Nevada Mountains (Calif, and Nev.) 2. Rocks, Metamorphic Sierra Nevada Mountains (Calif, and Nev.) I. Title. II. Series. QE461.R645 1989 552'.1'097944 dc20 89-6000136 CIP For sale by the Books and Open-File Reports Section U.S. Geological Survey, Federal Center, Box 25425, Denver, CO 80225 CONTENTS Abstract---------------------------- l Plutonic rocks- ------------------------ 23 Introduction- ------------------------- 1 Units north of the Garlock fault- ------------- 23 Acknowledgments----------------------- 3 Granitic rocks related(?) to the San Emigdio- Metamorphic
    [Show full text]
  • Descriptive and Geoenvironmental Model for Cobalt-Copper-Gold Deposits in Metasedimentary Rocks
    Descriptive and Geoenvironmental Model for Cobalt-Copper-Gold Deposits in Metasedimentary Rocks 1 cm Scientific Investigations Report 2010–5070–G U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey COVER. Upper left, Blacktail open pit in the Blackbird district, central Idaho, U.S.A.; view looking approximately northwest (bulldozer for scale in bottom center). Upper right, Skuterud open pit in the Modum district, southern Norway; view looking south (wooden fence on left is about 1.5 meters high). Middle left, South Idaho underground mine in the Blackbird district, showing stratabound lenses and discordant veins of Cu-rich sulfide in dark argillite wall rock. Middle right, hand sample from the Sunshine open pit in the Blackbird district, showing layers of granoblastic cobaltite with a matrix of white quartz and dark green chlorite. Lower left, underground photo of the Skuterud mine showing pink secondary erythrite (a hydrated cobalt arsenate mineral). Lower right, water sampling of acid mine drainage in the Blackbird district, view looking approximately east. Descriptive and Geoenvironmental Model for Cobalt-Copper-Gold Deposits in Metasedimentary Rocks Edited by John F. Slack Chapter G of Mineral Deposit Models for Resource Assessment Scientific Investigations Report 2010–5070–G U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior SALLY JEWELL, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2013 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS.
    [Show full text]
  • Classification of Metamorphic Rocks
    BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH REPORT NUMBER RR 99–02 BGS Rock Classification Scheme Volume 2 Classification of metamorphic rocks S Robertson Subject index Rock classification, metamorphic rocks Bibliographical Reference Robertson, S. 1999. BGS Rock Classification Scheme Volume 2 Classification of metamorphic rocks. British Geological Survey Research Report, RR 99–02. © NERC Copyright 1999 British Geological Survey Keyworth Nottingham NG12 5GG UK HOW TO NAVIGATE THIS DOCUMENT HOW TO NAVIGATE THIS DOCUMENT ❑ The general pagination is designed for hard copy use and does not correspond to PDF thumbnail pagination. ❑ The main elements of the table of contents are bookmarked enabling direct links to be followed to the principal section headings and sub-headings, figures and tables irrespective of which part of the document the user is viewing. ❑ In addition, the report contains links: ✤ from the principal section and sub-section headings back to the contents page, ✤ from each reference to a figure or table directly to the corresponding figure or table, ✤ from each figure or table caption to the first place that figure or table is mentioned in the text and ✤ from each page number back to the contents page. Return to contents page Contents 1 Introduction 10.3 Colour qualifiers 1.1 Definition of metamorphism 10.4 Qualifiers based on protolith structures 1.2 Basic principles References 2 Metamorphic rock nomenclature Appendix List of approved rock names 2.1 Construction of rock names. 2.2 How to use the classification scheme Figures 3 Sedimentary
    [Show full text]
  • Bedrock Geology Harvey Thorleifson, Director St
    R. 19 W. Prepared and Published with the Support of COUNTY ATLAS SERIES THE CARLTON COUNTY BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS, ATLAS C-19, PART A MINNESOTA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY R. 18 W. THE MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES, DIVISION OF WATERS, AND Plate 2—Bedrock Geology Harvey Thorleifson, Director St. Louis the Fond du Lac Band of LAKE Superior Chippewa CORRELATION OF MAP UNITS 380 420 T. 51 N. Brookston 36 31 35 34 MIDCONTINENT RIFT SYSTEM PENOKEAN OROGEN 400 MAP SYMBOLS 420 ¤2 Keweenawan Supergroup Animikie basin Fold-and-thrust belt 1 6 Inferred geologic contact—Located from aeromagnetic data and limited 2 3 BEDROCK GEOLOGY Hinckley outcrop and drill hole information. 400 mh 440 Sandstone Inferred fault—Interpreted from aeromagnetic data and breaks in Brook River Martin400 Martin 400 Fond du Lac electromagnetic conductor trends. Lake e dr 400 mf ) Jo 400 Formation ) 440 Inferred thrust fault or structural discontinuity—Sawteeth denote the upper 460 By mi Chengwatana plate and indicate dip direction; interpreted from aeromagnetic data. 420 mc Volcanic Group 400 ( MESOPROTEROZOIC ( Carlton dikes Malmo structural discontinuity—An inferred thrust fault; sawteeth denote 400 92°30' 400 420 440 Terrence J. Boerboom Esko oxide Tamarack the upper plate and indicate dip direction; see introduction for details. 400 R. 17 W. gabbro peridotite dn 18 Airborne electromagnetic conductor—Compiled by McSwiggen (1987), STONEY BROOK du Thomson External Internal ARROWHEAD d from unpublished data by Rocky Mountain Energy Company and USX T. 50 N. 2009 Formation zone zone 400 me mt dc (formerly U.S. Steel). dr 420 unconformity 400 th M Axial surface trace of F2 folds—Inferred from the map pattern of bedrock Twin to F LOCATION DIAGRAM units; anticline, syncline.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Tertiary Continental Borderland of Central California
    S·edimentation and Tectonics in the Early Tertiary Continental Borderland Of Central California \ GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 925 mJJRl£A[21 Of r:.r~~l~~: !UBRARV £?OKANE, WASN. , !;;'·"'-' iQ 'll '1 ,t.gAJ!, :(~fA~£ R~~·. _·,,._\ [©1 Sedimentation· and Tectonics in the Early Tertiary Continental Borderland Of Central California By TOR H. NILSEN and SAMUEL H. CLARKE, Jr. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 925 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1975 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY V. E. McKelvey, Director Library of Congress catalog- card No.7 6-7 6 2 4 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 CONTENTS Page Page Abstract 1 Lower Tertiary stratigraphic units-Continued Introduction _______________________________________________ _ 1 Southeastern area -------------------------------------- 24 Acknowledgments _____________________________________ _ 3 Cadon Pass area ---~-------------------------------- 24 Summary of Mesozoic tectonic history-----------------------­ 3 Orocopia Mountains -------------------------------- 24 Lower Tertiary stratigraphic units -------------------------- 4 Southwestern'area ______________________________________ 24 ~orthwestern area _____________________________________ _ 6 Ortega Hill, Pine Mountain, Santa Ynez Mountains, (}ualala area ---------------------------------------- 6 and Topatopa Mountains areas -------------------- 25 Point Reyes --.--------------------------------------
    [Show full text]
  • Magnetic Structure of the Continental Crust As Revealed by the Wutai-Jining Crustal Cross-Section in the North China Craton
    __________________________________________________________________________www.paper.edu.cn Journal of Geodynamics 29 (2000) 1±13 Magnetic structure of the continental crust as revealed by the Wutai-Jining crustal cross-section in the North China craton Liu Qingsheng a,*, Gao Shan b, c, Liu Yongsheng c aDepartment of Applied Geophysics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China bDepartment of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China cFaculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China Received 3 December 1998; received in revised form 9 July 1999; accepted 14 July 1999 Abstract The Wutai-Jining crustal cross-section is located in the central North China Craton. The upper crustal cross-section is represented by the Wutai granite-greenstone terrain and overlying post-Archean sedimentary rocks, the middle crust by the comparable Henshan and Fuping amphibolite- to granulite- facies terrains, and the upper lower crust by the granulite-facies Jining terrain. Correlation of measured seismic velocities of rocks from the crustal cross-section with data on seismic refractions suggests that the section is likely to represent a ca 30 km crust column with the 5 km thick lowermost crust being not exposed (Kern, H., Gao Shan, Liu Qingsheng, 1996. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 139, 439±455). Forty-four samples from the cross-section, some of which were used for measurements of seismic velocities and densities (Kern et al., 1996), are analyzed for saturation magnetization (Js) and saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM). Rock magnetism depends primarily on metamorphic grade and thus on dierent depth of mineral equilibrium. Lithology plays a less important role. Rocks of greenschist-, amphibolite- and granulite-facies have average Js of 58.7, 686 and 1068 A/m, respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Virtual Tour of Multidimensional Orders of Scale
    University of Texas at El Paso DigitalCommons@UTEP Open Access Theses & Dissertations 2018-01-01 Grenvillian Tectonomagmatic Evolution Of Southwestern Laurentia; Virtual Tour Of Multidimensional Orders Of Scale; Two Methods To Describe The aV stness Of Time; Math Concepts Utilizing Google Earth; Systematic Approach To Motion Analyses; Mathematics And Earth Science-Based Knowledge And Learning Anthony M. Alvarez University of Texas at El Paso, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/open_etd Part of the Education Commons, Geology Commons, and the Oil, Gas, and Energy Commons Recommended Citation Alvarez, Anthony M., "Grenvillian Tectonomagmatic Evolution Of Southwestern Laurentia; Virtual Tour Of Multidimensional Orders Of Scale; Two Methods To Describe The asV tness Of Time; Math Concepts Utilizing Google Earth; Systematic Approach To Motion Analyses; Mathematics And Earth Science-Based Knowledge And Learning" (2018). Open Access Theses & Dissertations. 1395. https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/open_etd/1395 This is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UTEP. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UTEP. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GRENVILLIAN TECTONOMAGMATIC EVOLUTION OF SOUTHWESTERN LAURENTIA; VIRTUAL TOUR OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL ORDERS OF SCALE; TWO METHODS TO DESCRIBE THE VASTNESS OF TIME; MATH CONCEPTS UTILIZING GOOGLE EARTH; SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO MOTION ANALYSES; MATHEMATICS AND EARTH SCIENCE-BASED KNOWLEDGE AND LEARNING TRENDS: A MULTI-TIERED INVESTIGATION AND RATIONALE ANTHONY M. ALVAREZ Doctoral Program in Geological Sciences APPROVED: Philip Goodell, Ph.D., Chair Eric Kappus, Ph.D. Munazzam Ali Mahar, Ph.D. Richard Jarvis, Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Tectonic Evolution of the North China Block: from Orogen to Craton to Orogen
    Downloaded from http://sp.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on September 28, 2021 Tectonic evolution of the North China Block: from orogen to craton to orogen T. M. KUSKY1, B. F. WINDLEY2 & M.-G. ZHAI3 1Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA (e-mail: [email protected]) 2Department of Geology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK 3Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China Abstract: The North China Craton contains one of the longest, most complex records of magma- tism, sedimentation, and deformation on Earth, with deformation spanning the interval from the Early Archaean (3.8 Ga) to the present. The Early to Middle Archaean record preserves remnants of generally gneissic meta-igneous and metasedimentary rock terranes bounded by anastomosing shear zones. The Late Archaean record is marked by a collision between a passive margin sequence developed on an amalgamated Eastern Block, and an oceanic arc–ophiolitic assemblage preserved in the 1600 km long Central Orogenic Belt, an Archaean–Palaeoproterozoic orogen that preserves remnants of oceanic basin(s) that closed between the Eastern and Western Blocks. Foreland basin sediments related to this collision are overlain by 2.4 Ga flood basalts and shallow marine–continental sediments, all strongly deformed and metamorphosed in a 1.85 Ga Himalayan-style collision along the northern margin of the craton. The North China Craton saw rela- tive quiescence until 700 Ma when subduction under the present southern margin formed the Qingling–Dabie Shan–Sulu orogen (700–250 Ma), the northern margin experienced orogenesis during closure of the Solonker Ocean (500–250 Ma), and subduction beneath the palaeo-Pacific margin affected easternmost China (200–100 Ma).
    [Show full text]
  • AWG SANTA CATALINA ISLAND FIELDTRIP Association of Women Geoscientists, SDSU Student Chapter August 31 - September 3, 2018 Bonnie Bloeser, Emma Vierra, Bonnie Flynn
    AWG SANTA CATALINA ISLAND FIELDTRIP Association of Women Geoscientists, SDSU Student Chapter August 31 - September 3, 2018 Bonnie Bloeser, Emma Vierra, Bonnie Flynn Objective: We will visit Santa Catalina Island, a ridge crest in the California continental borderland geomorphic province, to examine Mesozoic metamorphic basement complexes (Catalina schist terrane of blueschist, greenschist and amphibolite facies) and the Miocene Catalina Pluton, a lower Miocene quartz diorite stock. Airport STOP 1 Little Harbor STOP 2 (Franciscan complex in purple) East End Quarry Grove and Bebout, 1995 https://keckgeology.org/2017/12/ catalinagateway2018/ Friday, August 31 Arrive on the island and proceed to Hermit Gulch Campground via the Tour Plaza. Bonnie B. will meet the group at the boat dock upon arrival, distribute island maps, and give an overview of Avalon’s points of interest while en route to the campground. We will briefly stop at the Tour Plaza, the location of Saturday’s 7:30 am departure on the Conservancy’s Wildlands Express Service, to insure you’re familiar with this meeting location. Hermit Gulch Campground is a ~2.4 km walk from the Catalina Express boat, located in Avalon Canyon near the Nature Center and the Wrigley Memorial and Botanical Gardens. Amenities include coin-operated hot showers (quarters only), BBQ stands, picnic tables, outdoor kitchen sinks, and vending machines. There is a Ranger at the campground. Friday afternoon activities are on your own. Suggestions for excursions and restaurants are noted on the website below. A recommended hike is directly behind your campsite, the Hermit Gulch Trail, which winds up the mountain to the crest of the island.
    [Show full text]
  • Tectonic Evolution of a Complex Orogenic System: Evidence from the Northern Qinling Belt, Central China ⇑ Li Tang A, M
    Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 113 (2015) 544–559 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Asian Earth Sciences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jseaes Tectonic evolution of a complex orogenic system: Evidence from the northern Qinling belt, Central China ⇑ Li Tang a, M. Santosh a,b,c, , Yunpeng Dong b a School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences Beijing, 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China b State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China c Centre for Tectonics Resources and Exploration, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia article info abstract Article history: The Qinling orogenic belt preserves the records of a long evolution history of convergence between the Received 29 December 2014 North China Craton and the South China Craton. In this study, we present results from new geological, Received in revised form 12 March 2015 geochemical, zircon U–Pb geochronological and Lu–Hf isotopic investigations on a suite of orthogneisses Accepted 13 March 2015 from the Taihua Group (THG) and Tietonggou Group (TGG). We also present geochronological data on Available online 27 March 2015 schist and migmatite from the North Qinling belt (NQB) and metasedimentary rocks from the Wuguan unit (WGU) which is exposed along the southern side of the Shangdan suture zone. Two orthogneisses Keywords: from the THG define several stages of arc magmatism at 2.51 Ga, 2.34 Ga, 2.28 Ga and 2.16 Ga, Geochemistry followed by metamorphism at 1930 ± 31 Ma. Zircons from the TGG trace a tectonothermal event at Zircon U–Pb geochronology Lu–Hf isotopes 1897 ± 15 Ma.
    [Show full text]