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Further Reading 208

Index 210 7V?e Water Environmentald an Sanitation Sector Indian I

Water and Sanitation - The Indian Context

Some facts

Water is one of nature's most abundant and useful compounds. Of the many essential elements for human existence, water is of greatest importance. Over two-third humae th f so n bod constituteys i f waterdo foro t plantN i f mlife. o e ,b , anima humanr o l , can exist without water. Civilisations have evolved and developed around water bodies as most human activities, including agriculture and industry, depend on water. At the same time water is also a source of conflict and problems.

Earte r centh covereOves f hpe I o t 0 7 r d with water .world' e r cenNearlth f pe o t 7 sy9 wate salts i r r otherwisyo e undrinkable. Another two per cent is locked in ice caps and glaciers. That leaves just one per cent for all of humanity's needs - all its agricultural, residential, manufacturing, community and personal needs.

In 1990, more than 335 million world' e ofth s 5.3 billion people live water-stressedn i water-scarcr do e countries. About one-fifth world'e oth f s population lacks acces safo st e drinking water witd han , present consumptio f everno patternt you thre o stw e persons on the earth will live in water-stressed conditions by 2025. Pollution, scarcity of water resources and climate change will be the major emerging issues in the next century'. Water pollution adds enormously to existing problems of water scarcity by removing large volume f wateso r fro available mth e supply pollutioe Th . n threa particularls i t y serious whe t naffecti s ground water supplies, where contamination is slow to dilute and purification measures are costly. Indian Water Resources

rainfale Mosth f Indito n i l a takes place unde influence rth Soutf eo h West monsoon between Jun Septembereo t . Rainfal Indin i l a shows great variations, unequal seasonal distribution, still more unequal geographical distribution frequend ,an t departures from the normal. India is a land of many rivers. Its geographical area is criss-crossed by a large number of small and big rivers, some of them figuring amongs mighte th t y worldrivere th f so .

National Water Resource Glanca t sa e

Description Quantity

Annual Precipitation Volume (Including snowfall) 4000 cu km Average Annual Potential Flo wRivern i s m 186k u 9c

Estimated Utilisable Water Resources m k u c 0 69 Surface Water Resources m k u c 2 43 Ground Water Resources Total 1122cukm

Global Environment Outlook 2000 Unitee th , d Nations Environment Program's millennium report. 1 Water Sanitationand IndianThe • Context

Achievements and Future Directions five eth decaden I s since independence, Indi witnesses aha d phenomenal developmen watef o t r resource maine hasd th sn i an , successfully met the demand of water for many of the diverse uses in the country. Consequently, the country has achieved self- sufficienc foodgrainsyn i . Investments made durin lase gth t fifty year watesn i r related infrastructur countre th en i y have resulted rapin i d expansio urbane th n i , energ industriad yan l sectors. Infrastructur safr efo e drinking wate bees ha rn provide aboudo t t 85 per cent of India's urban and rural population2. However, there remain significant challenges in providing sustainable services, especially for the poorest and hard to reach.

India's irrigated agriculture secto bees rha n fundamenta economis it o lt c developmen povertd tan y alleviation rapie dTh . expansion of irrigation and drainage infrastructure has been one of India's major achievements. From 1951 to 1997, gross irrigated areas expanded four-fold, from 23 million ha to 90 million ha3. However, this achievement has been at the cost of groundwater depletion, water-loggin increasinn i d gan g salinity levels affecting large areas.

Wit rapie hth d population growth since independence, wate becomins ri increasingln ga y scarce resourc countrye th en i . Despite this, water continues to be used inefficiently on a daily basis in all sectors. At independence, the population was less than 400 capitr milliope ad nwatean r availability over 5,000 cubic meter year spe r (m3/capita/yr). Today, fifty years later populatioe th , n has grow billio1 wated no t nan r availabilit falles yha hardlno t y more than 2000 mj/capita/yr situatioe Th . alreadhs i y criticat a l river basin and local levels: six of India's twenty major river basins have a water availability of less than 1000 m'/capita/yr, and environmental problems and localised shortages are endemic in all basins".

India's finit fragild ean e water resource stressee sar depletingd dan , while sectoral demands (including drinking water, industry, agriculture, and others) are growing rapidly in line with urbanisation, population increases, rising incomes and induslrialgrowth. Thiresultes sha declinindn i capitr gpe a availabilit deterioratind yan g quality. Inter-sectoral allocations, planning managed ,an - men f increasinglo t y fragile water resource thus ssha emerge majoa s da r challenge befor natione eth .

The 1987 National Water Policy state allocatioe th s n tha"I waterf - tn o , ordinarily first priority shoul drinkinr fo e db g water, with irrigation, hydro-power, industria othed an l r uses followin thagn i t order". Indi achieves aha d considerable succes providinn si g infrastructur safr efo e drinking wate rurar cenr abouhe o rt lf pe populatioo t 5 8 t lappiny nb g groun surfacd dan e water through handpumps, water supply schemes, and traditional sources. The Government of India is committed to providing safe drinking water t coveredfacilitieno l al o s t (NC) partiallyd an covered (PC) habitation rurae th ln s i area s withi nexe yearso nth tw t . 5

Since the beginning of the Sixth Five-Year Plan (1980-85) and the launch of the International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade, India has substantially increased its commitment to the water supply and sanitation sector. Sector investments have increased and presently constitute about three per cent of the national budget. Of the total budget allocated to the sector, approximately 60 per cent has been earmarked for rural areas. Significant achievements in coverage have been realised, with over 85 per cent of the rural population now provided with public water supply facilities. However, national guidelines and investment rurae th ln si wate r suppl sanitatiod yan n sector, which have traditionally focuse extendinn do g coverag rurao et l areas, neglected to ensure that the quality of services to rural areas remained adequate.

1 Inter-sectoral Water Allocation, Planning & Management; India Water Resources Management; World Bank & Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India; 1999 p1 p xvii. The Irrigation Sector; India Waler Resources Management; World Bank & Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India; 1999. " pp xvii; Inter-sectoral Water Allocation, Planning & Management; India Water Resources Management; World Bank & Ministry of Rural Areas and Employment; 1999. ; Ruraxi p p l5 Water Suppl Sanitationd yan ; India Water Resources Management; World Ban Ministrk& f Rurayo l Area Employmentd san , Governmen f Indiao t ; 1999. The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

Achievements in sanitation coverage have been less extensive. Recent data show that population coverage in rural areas by sanitary latrines has increased from 11 per cent to about 16 per cent during the Eighth Plan. This is inclusive of the efforts of all government and private initiatives.

Sevente th f o hd Planen e A,th t Governmen f Indito a statistics show that cenr abou f India'pe to 4 t8 s urban populatio accesd nha s wateo t r cenr sanitatiope o supplie t t 8 4 d san n services Urbae Th . n Water Suppl Sanitatiod yan n Secto under-performes ha r d against expectations to date. The programme review of the Eighth Plan has brought out the concentration of efforts on State

capitals and other major citie6 s and on augmentation and improvement, without any significant additional population coverage, resulting in the efforts being absorbed by population growth.

The government is committed to the following principles, as stated in the Eighth Five-Year Plan (1992-97):

• water should be managed as a commodity; • the provision of rural water supply and sanitation services should be based on expressed demand; • emphasis should be placed on decentralisation; • emphasis shoul placee db usen do r participatio privatd nan e sector involvement; • operation and maintenance should be managed at the local level with emphasis on financial sustainability; and • sanitation programmes should be integrated with those of water supply . 7

For current and future activities, the government has set out its policies and priorities in the Ninth Plan. This Plan carries forward the policie Eighte th f so h Plaincorporated nan s severa pointw ne l s that have emerged fro experience mth Eighte th f eho Plan. Some salient points fro Ninte mth h Plan are:

• improve wate efficience us r progressivy yb e reductio conveyancn i applicatiod ean n losses (for irrigation). • take concrete steps towards comprehensive and integrated development of natural water resources, taking into account the possibility of inter-river-basin transfer of surplus water. • encourage and implement the conjunctive uses of ground and surface waters towards optimal utilisation of water resources havo t developmens d eit an t environmentally sustainable. urban i n • areas, addres priorite sth y concern f universaso l coverage, adequac termyn i f minimuso capitr mpe a consumption norms, quality, distance from sourc wels eregularita s a l f supplyyo , bringin waks it polic e g n ei operationath d yan l issuef so drying and inaccessible sources of water, recycling of waste water and sewage for non-domestic use, water harvesting, among others. rurar fo l areas • , see attaiko t n universal coverag drinkinf eo g water through different programme strategied san sourceo n sn i villages/ habitations, partially covered villages/habitations whXerd an , quality problem villages/ habitations habitationA . - driven approach to be adopted in preference to a purely village-centred approach. • make efforts to have greater participation of the private sector in financing urban and rural drinking water supply projects and programmes. • ensure participation of the communities at all stages of the project implementation and in the management and maintenance of drinking water systems. • provide water supplprinciple th n yo effectivf eo e demand, which should broadly correspon standare th do t servicf do e that the users are willing to maintain, operate, and finance. • make efforts to ensure that ground water is managed as a common property resource rather than allowing it to be over- exploite open a s dna access resource.

1 Urban Water Supply and Sanitation; India Water Resources Management; World Bank and Ministry of Urban Affairs and Employment, Government of India; 1999. xillp p ; ' Rural Water Suppl Sanitationd yan ; India Water Resources Management; World Ban Ministrk& Ruraf yo l Area Employmentd san , Governmen Indiaf o t ; 1999. Water and Sanitation - The Indian Context

• ensure cost recover drinkinn yi g water supply schemes starting with O&M totacosd tan l capital cost later; though subsidn yi pricin continuego t , more sparingl ypast e thath .n i • integrate sanitation programmes with water supply. r rurafo l areas • , adop demand-drivea t n low-cost sanitation approac preferencn hi supply-drivea o et n approach. • improv technologe eth y conten rurae th r l sanitatiofo t n programm includd ean e compost toile latrines-based tan d bio-mass activities. • encourag f low-coso e us te eon-sitth e sanitatio unseweren i d part f citiesso , smal mediud an l m towns othed ,an r locations where this strategy might be feasible. Roles of Donors - International & National

Donor development organisations (multilatera bilaterall& ) approac issue hth watef eo r from several inter relate overlappind dan g viewpoints. Som f theseo e are:

• watershed development • rural developmen / trura l infrastructure • poverty reduction • environmental protection and sustainability • urban developmen / tinfrastructur e • managemen watef o t r resources • child's environment • drinking water supply and environmental sanitation 0 environmental health

Within these approaches, agencies focu particulan so r component coved san larga r e are adopr ao mora t e integrated approach and focus on a small area. However, the trend in all donor organisations is to have a more integrated approach. The movement is from project based support to programme based support. Within programme support, the movement is from sub areas (drinking water, irrigation, watershed development, etc) to integrated management of water resources.

All donor programme alignee Governmene sar th do t f Indio t a programme schemed san waten si r resources individuae Th . l programme projectsd san complement government programmes. Almos l donoral t s work unde overarchine th r g approacf ho Poverty Reduction. There are variations within this. For example, the issue of urban water supply and sanitation is addressed by Asiae th n Development Bank Worl,e USAIth d d DBanan k (Infrastructure Unit) through urban development, wherea Japae sth n Bank for International Co-operation, the European Commission and AusAID (Australia) approach it through environmental improvement and sustainability. UNICEF approaches it through the Child's Environment, and the WHO (World Health Organisation) through Environmental Health. UNESCO involves itself in developing capabilities for management and research of water related issues. Several donors have programmes in watershed development. Almost all programmes place an overwhelming emphasis on people's participation and the involvement of Panchayati Raj Institutions and other people's organisations. Donors like the Ford Foundation, WaterAid CAPARd ,an T (Counci r Advancemenfo l f People'o t s Actio Rurad nan l Technology) provide significant fundin technicad gan l suppor non-governmeno t t efforts.

Donor programmes provide pilots for new and innovative approaches and set up field models. They tend to work on qualitative aspects, where government programme funds are often not available; enhancing community participation; etc. Several donor programmes work in under-served and problem prone locations.

Profiles of Government and Donor Programmes

Government of India Organisations The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector IndiaIn Ministry of Agriculture Rainfed Farming Systems Division, New Delhi

Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi - 110 001

Key Personnel

Dr RITA SHARMA, Joint Secretary Phone:(011)3381045

DIPAK SINGH, Director Phone:(011)3389714 E-mail: [email protected]

Watershed Development Programme

Status of Rainfed Areas 1. totae Ofth l cultivated are f 14a o country e 2 th millio n I rainfe e . ,th n ha d area accounts millio9 8 r . (63%)nfo ha . Rainfed areas contribut r cen f totape o t 5 e4 l foodgrain production. Rainfed agriculture is characterised by low level of productiviity, low input instabilitusd ean productionn yi .

Adoption of Watershed Approach 2. pose Inth t Green-Revolution perio thruse dth f Indiao t n Agricultur enhancen o s ei - men f agriculturao t l productivity through sustainable practices achievo T . e thid sen majoe onth f ero initiatives undertake Governmene th y nb implee th f Indi o ts -awa mentatio nationaa f no l level project/programm developmene th r efo rainfef to d areas through the watershed approach. The Govt. of India has accorded the highest priority holistie th sustainabl d o t can e developmen rainfef to d areas through integrated watershed approach currene Th . t strategie mobilisatiobasee e sth ar n do f people'no s participation, the concept of conservation of rain water for integrated development of watershed, promotion of diversified and integrated farming system approach, management of common property resources and augmenting family income and nutri- tional leve f participatoro l y watershed community through alternate household production systems. Suitable institutional arrangements at various level constitute an integral componen f theso t e project promotinr sfo g people's participatio ensurd nan - sustainabilityg in .

National Projects 3. In consonance with the overall developmental objectives and the strategy for holistic integrated an d developmen f rainfeo t d areas. Ministr f Agriculturyo e have bee- nac tively involved in Planning, formulation, monitoring and reviewing of various water- The Water Environmentald an Sanitation Sector in India

shed based developmental project activities, which includes among other thinge son National Watershed Development Project for Rainfed Areas (NWDPRA) and sizeable numbe f internationally/bilaterallo r y aided projects.

National Watershed 4. With a view to address various developmental objectives aiming at integrated and Development Project for holistic development of rainfed areas, as outlined above, a Centrally Sponsored Scheme, Rainfed Areas (NWDPRA) namely National Watershed Development Projec r Rainfefo t d Areas (NWDPRAs wa ) launched in 1990-91 and implemented during the VIII Five Year Plan at an estimated cost of Rs. 1100.00 crores in 25 States and 2 UTs. During Eighth Five Year Plan, against a milliotarge8 2. f nto ha. aren ,a 4.f ao 3developes milliowa . nha d through implementation of project spread over in 2554 water sheds with an expenditure of 971.52 crores. During Ninth Five Year Plan targetes i t i , treado t t 2.25 millio f rainfeo . nha d areaa t sa 1020.0. cosRs f o t0 crores. Durin firse gth t three Ninte yearth f hso Pla aren na f ao 16.65 lakh ha. has been treated using Rs. 559.40 crores. The approach and strategy of projece th bases i t twin do n concept integratef so d watershed managemen susd tan - tainable farming systems development. Thi achieves i d through treating both arable/ non-arable lands and natural drainage lines in the rainfed areas for in-situ moisture conservation associated with diversified farming systems approach and addresses the ecologica productivitd an l y concern aimd t sharmonisinan s a g ecology, economd yan equity.

Watershed Development Project 5. Watershed Development Projec Shiftinn ti g Cultivation Areas (WDPSCA undes i ) r imple- in Shifting Cultivation Areas mentatio seven i n North Eastern States. During first three year f Nintso h pla. nRs (WDPSCA) 4500.00 lakhs have been released under this project.

Common Approacr hfo 6. With a view to bring about uniformity in approach between different Ministries imple- Watershed Development menting watershed project "Commosa n Approach bees "ha n jointly formulaten a y db Inter-Ministerial Committee and adopted by the Ministries of Agriculture and Rural Development maie .Th n feature f "Commoso n Approac Watersher hfo d Development" are community participation, decentralization, use of location specific technologies and sustainability.

Watershed Development WatersheA 7. d Development Fund (WDF bees )ha n established during 1999-200t 0a Fund (WDF) NABARD wit objective hth f integrateeo d water shed developmen 10n i t 0 priority districts through participator crore0 y20 . approachs Rs s i totaF e Th . lWD corpue th f so which include . 100sRs crore NABARy sb matchina d Dan g contributio0 10 . Rs f no crores by Department of Agriculture & Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India. The fund will be utilised to create the necessary framework conditions to repli- cate and consolidate the isolated successful initiatives under different programmes in governmente th , semi- governmen sectorsO WDe NG d .beinTh F s i tan g operationalised in close coordination with the Central and State Ministries and Departments as a con- tinuu mtheif o r effort witt s bu hdistinc a t identity with flo contributiof wo NABARy nb D and the Government of India financially and managerially. As per the programme of operation, 14 stales will be covered in 2 phases (6 States in phase-l and 8 states in Ministry of Agriculture

phase-ll). Phase-l include Statee sth s namely Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Orissaand Uttar Pradesh. Phase- II includes Bihar, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Jammu & Kashmir, West Bengal, Himachal Pradesh and Haryana. In all, about 100 districts are to be covered with WDF mode of assistance. Two-third of the allocation fro Fune mth d wil Statloane e b th l eo s t Governmen interesn a t a t t ratf eo r cen9. r watershe5pe fo t d developmen remainind an t g one-thir r grand fo wil e tb l based activities covering promotional efforts & capacity building. Latest progress report Indicates that in Phase-1, Memorandum of Understanding has been signed by Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat and Uttar Pradesh with NABARD, Mumbai for taking the loan. Memorandum of Understanding is expected to be signed by Orissa & Maharashtra. In Phase-11, except Bihar and Jammu & Kashmir, other states have expressed their willingness to avail the loan facility from WDF. Follow-up work is in progress by NABARD.

Externally Aided Projects World Bank & EEC Aided Projects

• Intergrated Watershed Development Project (Hills) Phase-11 in the States of Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh. • Agriculture Development Projects in the state of Bihar, Rajasthan, Assam and Uttar Pradesh. • Doon Valley Watershed Management project.

Bilateral Projects

• DANIDA Statee th f Karnatakan -i so , Orissa, Tamil Nad Madhyd uan a Pradesh. • KFW aided Integrated Watershed Development Projec Karnatakn i t Maharashtrad aan . • DFID assisted Watershed Development Projec Karnatakan i t . • Netherlands Funded Agriculture, Man and Ecology South Phase IV Project.

Impact Evaluation Studies

The impact assessment of the Scheme of NWDPRA in the saturated watersheds of the States have been carried out by the Agro- Economic Centre, various independent agencies, and the Natural Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA). The evaluation studies have been con- ducted in Gujarat, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh. The findings of the studies indicate:

• Increas croppinen i g intensit changed yan croppinn si g pattern. • Increase in underground re-charge as a result of conservation measures. • Reduction in soil and run off losses with lesser siltation effect. • Increas familen i y income through diversified farming system suc livestocs ha k development, dryland horticultur household ean d production activity.

Future Programme

• Institutional Strengthenin r Enhancegfo d Geographical Coverag Greatee& r Commu- nity Participation. The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Capacity Building & Human Resource Development Conversance of on going Production Programme with Watershed Programme Sustainabilit Resourcy& e Mobilization.

State Secretaries State: Andhra Pradesh State: Gujarat incharge of Secretary (Agriculture): Ramakant Reddy Pr. Secretary (Agriculture): Dr P K Mishra Rainfed Farming Systems Govt f Andhro . a Pradesh Govt. of Gujarat Secretariat, Hyderaba1 00 0 50 d- Secretariat, Gandhi Nagar - 382 010 Fax: (040) 345 6086 Phone: (027128 7 3 20 ) Fax: (027123 9 3 24 ) State: Arunachal Pradesh Secretary (Agriculture): Hagekhoda State: Haryana Govt f Arunachao . l Pradesh Commissioner & Secretary (Agriculture): Secretariat, Itanagar -791 111 Naseem Ahmad Phone: (0360)212 390 Govt f Haryano . a Fax:2 (036025 4 24 ) Secretariat, Chandigarh -160 017 Tele-Fax: (0172) 711 697 State: Assam Secretary (Agriculture): L Rynjah State: Himachal Pradesh Govt. of Assam Secretary (Agriculture): Avaya Shukla Secretariat, Dispur - 781 006 Govt f Himachao . l Pradesh Phone: (0361) 561 677 Secretariat, Shimla-171 002 Fax:(0361)540280 Fax:(0177)221154

State: Bihar State: Jamm Kashmiu& r Secretary (Agriculture): Sushma Singh Secretary (Agriculture/Hort.)r Da A :G Govt. of Bihar Govt. of Jammu & Kashmir Secretariat, Patna - 800 001 Srinagar (J&K) Phone: (0612)220 372 Fax:(0191)470357 Fax:(0612)224365 State: Karnataka State: Goa Secretary (Agriculture): Abhay Prakash Secretary (Agriculture): Ashok Kumar Govt f Karnatako . a Govt. of Goa Secretariat, Bangalore - 560 001 Secretariat1 , Panaj00 3 48 - i Phone: (080) 225 0284 Phone: (0832)224801 Fax: (080) 225 1420 Fax:4 (083225 5 22 ) Ministry Agricultureof

State Secretaries State: Kerala State: Orissa incharge of Secretary (Agriculture) MohantK P : y Principal Secretary (Agriculture): S C Hota Rainfed Farming Systems Governmen f Keralo t a Secretariat, Govt. of Orissa Secretariat, Thiruvananthapura - 695 001 Bhubaneshwa1 00 1 75 r- (cont.) Fax: (0471) 333 115 Phone:5 (067432 1 40 ) Fax: (0674) 402 438 State: Madhya Pradesh Secretary (Agriculture): R Parasuram State: Punjab Govt f Madhyo . a Pradesh Secretary (Agriculture) BainL :C s Vallabh Bhawan,1 Bhopa00 2 46 - l Govt. of Punjab, Civil Secretariat Fax: (0755) 551 916 Chandigarh-160 017 Fax:(0172)740936 State: Maharashtra Secretary: Suresh Yadwalkar State: Rajasthan Rural Developmen Wate& t r Con. Dept Principal Secretary (Agriculture): Krishna Govt. of Maharashtra Bhatnagar Secretariat, Mumbai - 400 032 Govt. of Rajasthan Phone: (022) 202 5402 Jaipur-301 200 Fax: (022) 202 8594 Phone:(0141)238464 Fax: (0141) 382 316 State: Manipur Secretary (Agriculture): L P Gonmei State: Sikkim Govt. of Manipur Secretary (Agriculture) GurunK :G g Secretariat, Imphal - 795 001 Govt f Sikkio . m Tele-Fax: (038529 14 1 22 ) Gangtok-732 710 Fax: (0359) 227 42 State: Meghalaya Secretary (Agriculture): Vanhela Pachuau State: Tamil Nadu Govt f Mizorao . m Secretary (Agriculture): N Athimoolam Secretariat1 , Aizwa00 6 79 - l Govt Tamif o . l Nadu Phone:5 (038936 1 34 ) Secretariat, Chennai - 600 009 Fax:5 (038974 2 32 ) Tele-Fax: (044) 536 4482

State: Mizoram State: Tripura Secretary (Agriculture) MazahrK :H i Secretary (Agriculture)b De K :A Govt f Meghalay.o a Secretary (Agriculture) Secretariat, 1 Shillon00 3 79 g - Govt. of Tripura Phone:1 (036480 4 22 ) Secretariat, Agartala - 799 001 Fax: (0364) 225 978 Phone:3 (038122 0134 4 32 )32 , Fax:(0381)324013 State: Nagaland Secretary (Agriculture) KevichusR : a State: Uttar Pradesh Govt f Nagalan.o d Secretary (Agriculture) Nasir :D m Zaidi Secretriat, Kohima - 797 001 Govt. of Uttar Pradesh Phone: (038669 27 0 27 ) Secretariat, Luckno1 00 6 22 w - Fax: (038664 00 2 22 ) Fax:(0522)238154 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector In India

State Secretaries State: West Bengal State: Andama Nicoban& r Islands incharge of Secretary (Agriculture): S Chaudhury Commissioner-cum-Secretarv (Agriculture): Rainfed Farming Systems Govt f Wes.o t Bengal V S Slngh Secretariat, 1 Calcutt00 0 70 a- Govt. of Andaman & Nicobar Islands (cont.) Phone: (033 5501 )22 6 Secretariat Fax: (033 0045 )23 5 Port Blair - 744 101 Phone:(03192)33705 State: Dadra and Nagar Haveli Fax: (03192) 331 81 Secretary (Agriculture): Punya Srivastava Govt. of Dadra and Nagar Haveli Silvassa-396230 Ministr f Rurayo l Development (Department of Drinking Water Supply)

Krish1 i Bhavan00 0 Delhw 11 Ne - ,i Phone: (Oil) 338 4707, 378 2671 Fax: (Oil 47038 3178 )33 ,33 9

Key Personnel

SKTRIPATHI, Secretary E-mail: [email protected]

SAT1SH CHANDRA, Joint Secretary Phone:(011)3384707

A K SINGH, Director (Sanitation) Phone:(011)3782671 E-mail: [email protected]

Restructured Central Rural The concep f sanitatioo t earlies nwa r limite disposado t f humao l n excret cesspoolsy ab , Sanitation Programme open ditches, pit latrines, bucket system etc. Today, it connotes a comprehensive concept that includes liquid and solid waste disposal, hygiene - personal, domestic as well as environmental hygiene.

Plah 9t n Strategy Despite the acceleration in implementation during the 8th Plan, the total sanitation coverage stand t mersa e 16-2totae cenr th 0f lpe o trura l household countrye th sn i . Keepingn i view the experiences of the Central Government, State Governments, NGOs and other implementing agencie recommendatione th d san Secone th f so d National Semina- Ru n ro ral Sanitation (which was held in July'98) the strategy for the 9th Plan has been revised as unde thao s r t rural coverage unde programme rth widene b n eca :-

Shift from a high subsidy to a low-subsidy regime. • Greater household involvement • Choic technologf eo y accordin customego t r preferences Stress on software; IEC, development of back up services - trained masons, building materials through Rural Sanitary Marts/Production Centres. • Intensive IEC Campaign Emphasis on School Sanitation The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

New Initiatives The Restructured Central Rural Sanitation Programmes (RCRSP) has come into being from 1st April 1999 t moveI . s away fro principle mth f State-wiseo e allocation primarily basen do poverty criteria to a "demand driven" approach In a phased manner with a view to achieve at least 25 per cent coverage of rural population by the end of the 9th Plan Period. It is community led and people centered. Rural School Sanitation has been introduced as major componen entrn a s ya poind an t t encouraging wider acceptanc f sanitatioeo n rurae byth l masses State Th e. woul requiree db formulatdo t e project proposals unde totae rth l Sanita- tion Campaigns (TSCs orden i ) claio t r m GOimplementee b I o assistancet n i C n di TS . project mode "allocatioe Th . n based" programme wil phasee b l t progressiveldou y during Plah 9t n e periodth restructuree Th . d programme offer optioe sth r locationfo n specific technologies.

Total Sanitation Campaign A Total Sanitation Project shall be designed to suit district specific requirements and it is implemente phasesdn i actuae .Th l physical implementatio orientee b o t ns i d towards satisfying the felt need using the "vertical upgradation" concept wherein individual beneficiarie chooso t t sge e fro flexible mth e men f optionuo s that allo subsequenr wfo t upgradation, depending upon their requirements and financial position. Selection of pilot district is done bv the State Governments. Under TSC projects assistance is given for constructio f individuano l household latrines, sanitary complexe r womensfo , school sanitation, construction of drains/garbage pits, alternate delivery mechanism etc.

Revised Subsidy Structure Unde restructuree rth d Rural Sanitation Programme, subsid individuan yo l latrine bees sha n restricted to Rs 500 which will be shared by the Centre and State. No subsidy is provided to the beneficiaries opting for household individual latrine costing more than Rs. 1000.

Start up activities ,tota e fivcenr o It th eEf lpe p o tTSC U C projec • earmarkee b t coso t s i t starr dactivitiefo p u t s with 100% fundin GOIe th .y gb At least 15 per cent of total TSC project cost is to be earmarked for IEC activities with the sharing pattern of 80:20 between Centre and State. • Up to five per cent of the total TSC project cost subject to maximum of Rs 35 lakh is earmarke establishinr dfo g Production Centre/Rural Sanitary Mart.

School Sanitation School Sanitatio vitaa s ni l componen f environmentao t l sanitation vers i t yI . important Programme from the point of view of children's rights and also the fact that school children can poten- tiallmos e at sth y ac t persuasive advocate benefie sanitatioe th r th sf fo to n practice theisn i r own households. Therefore, a new component viz. "School Sanitation" has been introduce dfunde cenr undeth f pe so t n under te RCRS o t runde d p TSPu an Ct i r coul eare db - marke Schoor dfo l Sanitation maximue Th . m amoun constructior tfo toiler pe schoo n f ti n o l is Rs 20000 to be shared in the ratio of 60:30:10 by Centre, State and Panchayat/School respectively.

Village Sanitation On the recommendations of the State Governments, approval has been given for construc- Complexe Womer sfo n tio f villagno e sanitation complexe womenr sfo , where individual household latrinee sar not feasible.

20 Ministry Ruralof Development

Address Lisf o t Secretarv-cum-Chief Engineer DogrS :H a Additional Chief Secv: Chaman Kumar Secretary-1 n-Charge of Public Works Deptt. Rural Development Deptt Rural Sanitation IslandN & Govt A s f o . Govt. of Gujarat Port 104 Blai174 r- , SardaBloc5 o kN r Bhawan Phone: (03192) 319688 Gandhi Nagar-382010 Fax:(03192)6880237 Phone:(02712)20236 Fax: (02712) 203 86 Principal Secretary: S Ray, PR & RD Department Financial Commissioner & Secretary: Govt. of Andhra Pradesh P D Dhalia Hyderabad - 500 022 Development and Panchayats Department Phone: (040 4675 )34 0 Govt f Haryanao . , Chandigarh -160 019 Fax: (040) 345 6946 Phone: (0172) 740 145 Fax:(0172)540526 Commissione Secvr& : Tabom mBa Public Health Engg. Deptt. Financial Commissioner cum Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh Secretary (RD): Abay Shukla Itanagar - 791 111 Govt. of Himachal Pradesh Phone: (03602 8 5 22 ) USClub, Shimla-171 100 Fax: (0360) 332 65 Fax: (0177) 221 154

Secretary KP : Durah Secretary to Govt. Rural Development Public Health Engg. Deptt. Deott: Pramod Jain, Govt. of Assam Govt. of Jammu & Kashmir Hengrabari Civil Secretariat, Jammu/Srinagar Guwahat6 00 1 78 - i Phone: (0191) 522 37 (Srinagar) Phone: (0361) 561 483 (0191) 455 955, 566 188 (Jammu) Fax:0 (036190 0 56 ) Fax: (0191) 547 935 (Jammu)

Secretary (PHFD): N S Madhavan Principal Secretary: M R Srinivasa Murthy Public Health Engg. Deptt. Rural Development & PR Deptt Govt f Bihao . r Karnataka Govt. Patna-800015 Secretariat, M.S. Building Phone:7 (061208 1 )23 Bangalore - 560 009 Fax:(0612)238586 Phone: (080 13226 4656 22 ) 22 ,0 Fax: (080) 226 4650 Secretary: Vivei kRa Public Works Department Secretary (Local Admn) M:S Vijayanand Govt. of Goa Local Self Govt. (Rural) Development Panjim Govt f Keralo . a Phone: (0832) 224 801 LMS Compound Fax: (08324 84 22545 3 22 ) 22 , Thiruvananthapuram - 695 033 Phone:(0471)332935 Fax:(0471)324205 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector In India

Address List of Principal Secretary: V P Raja Secretary: Temjen Toy Secretary-1 n-Charge of Water Suppl Sanitatiod yan n Department Public Health Engg Deptt Rural Sanitation Govt f Maharashtro . a Govt. of Nagaland Mantralaya 1 Kohim00 7 79 a - (cont.) Mumbai-400032 Fax: (038660 1 4 22 ) Phone: (022) 288 5144 Fax:(022)2828129 Financial Commissioner KesaS :J r Deptt of Rural Development Secretary: Ng.Luikham Panchayatsd an , Public Health Engg. Deptt Govt. of Punjab, Chandigarh Govt f Manipuo . r Phone: (0172) 742 312, 548 109 55, New Secretariat Fax:(0172)742312 Imphal - 795 001 Fax: (0385) 221 144 Dev. Commissioner & Principal Secretary: Ashish Bahuguna Chief Secretary: Lalfakzuala Rural Development & PR Deptt. Public Health Engg. Deptt Govt. of Rajasthan, Jaipur Govt f Mizorao . m Phone:(0141)380012 Aizwal - 796 001 Fax:(0141)383061 Phone: (0389) 227 45 Secretary: Rinchem Ongmu Principal Secretary: Rakesh Sahni Rural Development Deptt Public Health Engg Deptt Govt f Sikkio . m Govt f Madhy.o a Pradesh Gangtok-733 710 Bhopal Fax: (03592) 222 45 Phone:2 (075594 1 55 ) Fax: (0755) 551 521 Commissioner & Secv: Ajir Vidya Rural Development Deptt Secretary: A K Samantray Govt. of Tripura Public Works Deptt. & Public Health Agartala - 799 001 Engg Deptt Govt f Orisso . a Secretary PandC P r aD : Bhubaneshwar - 751 001 Rural Development Deptt Phone0 : (067426 8 40 ) For . GeorgSt t e Fax: (0674) 405 771 Govt. of Tamil Nadu 9 Chenna00 0 60 - i Commissioner & Secretary: Anup Srivastava Phone: (044 0766 )53 9 Public Health Engg Deptt Fax: (044) 536 5849 Raitong Building Sectt. Hill, Govt f Meghalayo . a Secretary: Dr Om Prakash Shillong-793001 PR Department Fax: (0364) 225 978 Govt f Utta.o r Pradesh Luckno1 00 6 22 w - Fax: (0522) 237 629 Ministry Ruralof Development

Address List of Principal Secretary RaP : y Devlopment Comlssioner AggarwaP :S l Secretary-1 n-Charge of PR & RD Deptt U f DadrTo Nagaa& r Haveli Rural Sanitation Govt f Weso . t Bengal Silvassa Calcutta - 700 001 (com.) Phone: (033) 248 3904 Development Commissioner SaxenK :R a Fax: (033) 248 4327, 248 4522 U f DamaTo u Di n& Moti Daman - 369 220 Secretary: R K Verma Public Works Department Chief Engineer Chinnaswam:S y Lakshadweep Islands Public Works Department Kawaratti - 782 555 Govt. of Pondicherry Pondicherry - 605 001 Secy and Chief Engineer: R KJain U f ChandigarTo h Chandigarh

23 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector IndiaIn Ministry of Urban Affairs and Employment

Nirman Bhawan Delhw ,Ne i -110 011

Key Personnel

S. BANERJEE, Joint Secretary (UD) Phone: (011)301 2309 E-mail: [email protected]

DHARMENDRA, Deputy Secretary Phone: (011)301 4206

SUMITCHATTERJEE, Undersecretary Phone: (011)301 3898 E-mail: [email protected]

Wate d SanitatiorAn Plannine Th ng Commission's Technical Grou Urban po n Policie projectes sha urbae dth n population at 31.0 per cent of the total population in 1996-97 and 38.0 per cent in 2006-07. Durin lase gth t fouhald fran decades, som millio6 e5- n people have been adde urbado t n India every year. The country has one of the largest urban systems with 217.6 million people in 1991, which is projected to increase to 289 million in 2001 and around 605-618 million during 2021-2025. There wilaboue b l metr0 4 t o countre citieth n s i 200n yi s 1a against 23 in 1991.

Some estimate available smagnitudar e th n eo worf eo k ahead termn .I financiaf so l indicators, the investment for urban housing has been estimated at Rs.5,26,170 crore and for rural housing Rs.1,72,930 crore between 1997 and 2021 for new housing, upgradation and extension,Rs.70,300 cror Rs.3,07,50o et 0 cror r differenefo t type f urbaso n drinking water systems wit investmene hth t being highe r surfacfo r e tha r grounnfo d water systemA . large part, in some cases, more than one-half, will be the backlog of investment1. In a shorter term perspective of 1997-2002, urban housing investment has been estimated at Rs.1,21,37 0r urba fo cror d ne an wate r suppl26,30. Rs t y0r ruraa fo cror d l wateean r supply at Rs. 40,000 crore l.

1 Governmen f Indio t a (19961, Second United Nations Conferenc Human eo n Settlements (Habitat II), National Report, Ministr f Urbayo n Affair Employments4 . ! Planning Commission (1996), Reports of Minth Plan Working Groups. Performance Review

25 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector IndiaIn

Provisio f wateno r suppl sanitatiod yan e responsibilitth s ni f statyo e governments. The Ministry of Urban Affairs and Employment assists the State Government in their programmes by:

• formulating broad policy framework; • providing central assistance through legislatio issur no f guidelineeo notifid san - cations; • providing assistance through centrally sponsored schemes; providing technical guidance; • organizing training and workshops; • sponsoring research and development projects; and processing assistance from bilateral, multilateral and international institutions for state government projects.

Programmes

Low Cost Sanitation for There are currently two programmes under execution: these are the Low Cost Sanitation for Liberation Of Scavengers Liberation of Scavengers and the Accelerated Urban Water Supply Programme (AUWSP).

This scheme has been under implementation through this Ministry since 1989. It provides for conversion of existing dry latrines into low cost water seal pour flush latrines and construction of new sanitary units where none exist to prevent open defecation. The basic objectiv liberato t es i scavengere eth s fro obnoxioue mth s practic f ecarryino g headloads f nigho t soilscheme .Th beines i g implemente 'whola n do e town operate' s basii d san y db the provision of a subsidy from this Ministry and by the provision of loans from HUDCO.

The Employmen f Manuao t l Scavenger Constructiod san Latriney Dr f no s prohibition Act, 1993, is in force in all the Union Territories and also in the States of Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tripura and West Bengal. The State assemblies of Assam, Bihar, Haryana, Orissa and Punjab have adopted the Act.

The Eighth Plan provision was Rs. 150 crore in the Central Plan, which was only about 25 per cent of the required assistance to meet the objective of conversion of all the existing dry latrines in urban areas of the country numbering 50 lakh units into low-cost pour-flush sanitary latrines and 100 per cent liberation of scavengers on "whole town" coverage basis. As on March 31, 1997, 760 schemes were sanctioned in 1,155 towns with a total project cos f Rs.1,062.3o t 6 crore, towards whic 477.0. hloaRs a f 9no cror subsidd ean f yo Rs. 363.31 cror sanctioneds ewa loae Th .n release onls dwa y 30.1 r cenpe 6 t (Rs. 143.87 subside croreth d yan ) release 41.2s r cendwa 3pe t (Rs. 155.50 crore) projecte Th . s were sanctione construcdo t t 14.52 lakunit w converd hne san t 19.25 lak y latrinhdr e units into low-cost pour-flush latrines for the individual households and 3,463 community latrines. In term f actuaso l work done, 6.95 lakh units were completed upto Eighth Plan periof o t dou 33.77 lakh units sanctioned (20.6 per cent). It is expected that at 1991-92 prices, the expenditure during the Eighth Plan was 45.3 per cent of the Plan outlay.

26. Ministry of Urban Affairs and Employment

The impact of the programme on the physical and financial front has not been impressive. varieta o t f reasonsye o Thidu s i , particularly insufficient schemes provide State th ey db Governments, delays in preparing documents and papers for sanction of loan and subsidy (separatel eacr yfo h beneficiary), slow releas subsidf e o inadequat o t e ydu e physical progress, inappropriate technology, lac f awarenesko reluctancd san f Stateo e Government givo st e guarantee. An evaluation of the programme in three States, sponsored by the Central Min- istr f Urbayo n Affair Employmend san broughd ha t t evidencou t shoo et w thaobjece th t - scheme tiveth f so e wer t strictleno y adhere recommendee th , dto d technolog oftes ywa n unsuitable, relatively better-off families took over a substantial number of the pour-flush latrine fundd san s were inadequat t availabl superstructureno e r eth o r efo .

Accelerated Urban Water In the initial period of planning, from the First to the Fifth Plan, the outlay on urban drinking Supply Programme (ALJWSP) wate consideres rwa d substantial with urbarespece size th f th en o o populatiot n (17.o 3t 19.9 per cent) but thereafter, the thrust in the Plan programme was diverted to rural water supply. Drinking water suppl sanitatiod yan n facilitie vere sar y importan cruciad an tr fo l achieving goal of Health for All. The Government is committeed to provide drinking water to every settlement in the country within five years.

The task in the Eighth Plan was to increase the coverage of access to safe drinking water to urbae cenr abouth f pe n o t 4 populatiof Sevent9 t o d en he Planr cennth t frope a t.4 m8 Whil fule eth l feedbac coveragn ko t availableno beees s i ha n t ,i estimate d tha termn ti f so estimated 1997 population, the coverage of urban population is unlikely to increase from the level attained in the Seventh Plan. Adequate investment would be needed to meet the requirement incrementaf so l populatio drinkinr nfo g wate sanitatiod ran n services.

AUWSP is a centrally sponsored scheme initiated with the objective of solving the drinking water problem in towns having a population of less than 20,000 (as per the 1991 census). The AUWS launches Pwa 1993-9dn i 4 wit hmodesa t outla f Rs.5yo 0 crore. Thertotaa e lear f 2,15o 1 eligible towns (1991 Census).The schem fundees i Centra e th Statd y db an le governmen ratie th on i t50:50 amoune allocatioe .Th th f to dependenns i t upo assessmenn na t watee th f revenue ro sizscarcite th f th e o d e smal ye an bas th f elo town under consideration programme .Th launches ewa f 1993-94do towardd en .e sth

During the Eighth Plan period, an amount of Rs. 689.624 crore was released by this Ministry variouo t s State government implementatior sfo 22f no 7 schemes tota.A l estimated amount 218.5. Rs f 0o cror approves ewa d durin same gth e period.

The progress was modest, partly because the scheme was launched only in March, 1994 therd an e were delayacquisitioe th sn i landf no , chang watef eo r sources, procuremenf to materials and equipments, submission of timely physical and financial reports by States releasd an State f fundeo th ey sb Government implementine th o t s g agencies. These teething problems would be resolved and the activities should go on full stream in the Ninth Plan.

27 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector In India

Activities Developmen f traineo t dthruse manpoweth f o t Ministryareae e th on f CPHEEso s e i r .Th D organizes various training course in-service th r sfo e engineers workin State th egn i Public Health Engineering Departments/ Water Supply and Sanitation Boards through academic institutes and field departments. Grants are provided to the recognized engineering college trainind san g institute conductinr sfo g post graduate, short ter refreshed man r courses.

The Ministry authorizes technical clearanc f wateeo r suppl sanitatiod yan n schemer sfo implementatio state th ey n b governments .

The urban local bodie municipalitied san primarile sar y responsibl formulatioe th r efo d nan implementatio f schemeno r managemensfo f urbao t n wastes Ministry'e .Th t sac rolo t es i as a facilitator wherever possible. A Manual on Solid Waste Management is under preparatio Expery nb t Committee which will hel urbae pth n local bodie manago st e waste effectively.

The Ministry sponsor researcsa developmend han t programm organized ean s seminars workshopd an importann so t issuesectore th n si .

Ninth Plan Priorities Whil provisioe eth f drinkinno g water facilitie urban si n countrareae th improves n si yha d Strategied an s over the years, the provision of sewerage and drainage facilities has not received adequate attention. Ideally the water supply and liquid waste management schemes should be integrated. The absence of this integrated approach has resulted in the degradation of the environment, with serious health impact from water-borne and vector-borne infections. In some areas, industrial contamination with heavy metals also leads to severe health hazards. The Ninth Plan Sub-group of the Planning Commission on Environment and Health had concluded that the unsatisfactory progress in supply of safe drinking water and sanitary disposal of solid and liquid waste has contributed to the continued high morbidity from water-born vector-bornd ean e diseases Expere .Th t Grou Publin po c Workin e Healtth d han g Group on Health Care Delivery in Urban and Rural Areas recommended that water quality monitorin surveillancd gan projecte wels th ea s la urbar sfo n waste management shoule db priorita taken o yp n u basi s to achieve substantial reductio morbiditnn i wateo t d e ran y du vector-borne diseases.

The urban drinking water supply strategies in the Ninth Plan would address the priority concerns of universal coverage, adequacy in terms of minimum per capita consumption norms, quality, distance from sourc wels e regularita s la supplyf yo , bringin waks it e gn ei th policy and the urban drinking water supply strategies in the Ninth Plan would address the priority concern f universaso l coverage, adequac termn yi f minimuso r capitmpe a consumption norms, quality, distance from source as well as regularity of supply, bringing in its wak police eoperationath d yan l issue f dryinso inaccessibld gan e source f waterso , recycling of waste water and sewage for non-domestic use, water harvesting, among others. The strategie promoto st strengthed ean n decentralisatio f productiono distributiod nan n systems, privatisation and participation of the community in management and maintenance are expected to not only induct higher efficiency levels and effective reach out but also Ministry of Urban Affairs and Employment

contain line leakages and wastages. Over-exploitation of ground water must be avoided to maintain qualitcontroo t d yan l water pumping cost. Appropriate legislatio effecs it d -nan tive implementation should form an integral part of the strategy. The modified model Bill of Centrae th l Ministr f Wateyo r Resource grounn so d water exploitatio consideree b y nma d by State Governments for adoption.

State/UT Secretaries State: Andhra Prades hHyderaba- d State: Gujarat - Gandhinagar In-Charge Of Urban Water Principal Secretary GoeK :A l Secretary: R K Tripathi Suppl Sanitatiod yAn n Housing, Municipal Administration& Water Supply Deptt. Urban Development Department Block No.-14, 9th Floor Andhra Pradesh Secretariat Sachivalaya, Hyderaba 0220 50 d .- Gandhinagar-382 010. Phone: (040) 345 0622 Phone:(02712)20529 Fax: (040 4965 34 )5 Fax:(02712)20981

State: Assam Dispu- r State: Haryana - Chandigarh Commissioner & Secretary: P C Sharma Financial Commissione Secretaryr& : Municipal Administration Department K C Sharma Dispur, Guwahati - 781 006. DepttE PWPH D.& Phone:(0361)261403 Chandigarh-160 017 Phone:(0172)506380 State: Arunachal Prades hItanaga- r Fax:(0172)740317 Commissioner: T Bam Public Works Deptt. State: Himachal Prades hShiml- a Itanagar Financial Commissione Secretary.m rcu - Phone: (0360) 211 187 Sarita Prasad Irrigatio DepartmenE PH n& t State: Bihar - Patna Secretariat Secretary: Shashi Kant Sharma Shimla-172 102 Urban Development Department Vikas Bhavan, Patna - 800 015 State: Jammu & Kashmir - jammu/Srinagar Phone: (0612) 223 759 Principal Secretary: S L Sailova Fax:(0612)228760 Housing & UD Deptt. Civil Secretariat StatePanaj- a :Go i Srinagar-180001. Secretary: K K Sharma Phone:(0194)452237 Urban Development Department Fax:(0194)452237 Secretariat, Panaji - 403 001 Phone: (0832) 224 392 Fax: (0832) 224 392

29 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

State/UT Secretaries State: Karnataka Bangalor- e State: Manipur- Imphal In-Charge Of Urban Water Principal Secretary Krishn:S a Kumar Chief Secretary: Rakesh Suppl Sanitatiod yAn n Dept f Urbao . n Development Phone: (0385) 221 144 Fax: (0385) 222 629 (cont.) MS Building I StagI , e No. 448, 4th Floor Irrigation Secretary SattaA M : r Ambedka. R Dr . B . r Veedhi Phone:0 (038502 1 22 ) Bangalore - 560 001 CAD Secv: L Gangte Phone: (080) 225 3958 Phone:3 (038518 1 22 ) Fax: (080 3955 )22 8 State: Meghalaya - Shillong State: Keral aThiruvanthapura- m Chief Secretary: J P Singh Phone:1 (036480 4 )22 Secretary: Elias George Fax: (0364) 225 978 Irrigation & Water Supply Deptt. IrriQation/MI Secretary: H K Mazhari Water Works Campus, Phone: (0364) 223 578 Thiruvananthapura3 03 5 m69 - Fax:8 (036497 5 22 ) Phone-. (0471) 330617 Fax: (0471 113 5)33 State: Nagalan dKohim- a Chief Secretary PandeS R : y State: Madhya Prades hBhopa- l Phone: (039666 07 0 27 ) Principal Secretary: R C Sahani Fax: (03966)222410 PHE Department Irrigation Secretary: B Susiluao Vallabh Bhawan Phone: (039668 06 0 27 ) 4 Bhopa00 2 46 - l Phone:5 (075551 1 55 ) State: Orissa - Bhubaneshwar Fax:(0755)552016 Chief Secretary: S M Patnaik Phone: (0674) 402 300 State: Maharashtra Mumba- i Fax: 4 (067424 0 )40 SecretaryD WCA R& Patnai K B : k Water Suppl Sanitatiod yan n Deptt. Phone:4 (067486 1 )40 Mantralaya, Fax: 6 (067444 2 )40 Mumbai - 400 032 Enginee Chiefn i r SahoC :J o Phone:(022)2026419 Phone:(0674)400180 Fax:(022)2854573 State: Punjab - Chandigarh State: Mizoram Aizwa- l Chief Secretary: R S Mann Chief Secretary LalringV H : a Phone:(0172)740156 Phone:(03832)322411 Fax:(0172)742488 Fax: (038325 74 2 32 ) Principal Secretary Irri/GW/CAD/MI: Vanheela Pachuau Rajesh Chhabra Phone: 2 (0383254 4 32 ) Phone: (0172) 742 351 Fax: (03832) 326 330 Fax:(0172)742911 Ministry of Urban Affairs and Employment

State/UT Secretaries Slate: Rajasthan -Jaipur State: Tamil Nad uMadra- s In-Charg Urbaf eO n Water chiefsecretaffi: mderjit Khanna Chief Secretary MuthuswamP :A i Suppl Sanitatiod yAn n Phone:(0141)380254 Phone:(044)5361555 Fax:(0141)380114 Fax: (044) 536 2304 (cont.) Irrigation Secretary: S Bhargava Irrigation Secretar PWDy & Gupt P N : a Phone:(0141)380335 Phone:(044)5361622 Fax:(0141)380335 Fax: (044) 536 8840 CAD Secretary: B S Minhas Phone:(0141)380663 GW/MI Secretary: K L Meena Phone:(0141)383380

State: Slkkim Gangto- k Chief Secretary: Sonam Wangdi Phone: (03512) 223 15 Fax:(03512)22851 Irrigation Secretary: D P Pradhan Phone:(03512)23404 Fax:(03512)23404 CAD Secretary Phone:(03512)22418 GW/MI Secretary Phone:(03512)225683 Tfte Water Environmentald an Sanitation Sector Indian i

32 Ministr f Wateyo r Resources

Shram Shaktl Bhawan, Rafi Marg Delhw Ne ,- i111 000

Key Personnel PC MATHUR, Commissioner (PR & Ml) Z HASAN, Secretary (WR) Phone: (011)371 0107 Phone: (011)371 5919 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: zhasan@nic.!n SHARMAK M , Commissioner (ER) Phone:(011)4362780 PAIAT MOHAN DAS, Addl. Secretary (WR) E-mail: [email protected] Phone: (011)371 0619

E-mail: [email protected] MK SHARMA, Commissioner (WM) Phone: (011) 469 4752 MUKUL JOSHI, joint Secretary (Admin) E-mail: [email protected] Phone: (011)371 0343 E-mail: [email protected] AC GUPTA, Commissioner (Indus) Phone: (011 1546 )43 0 SHAILENDRA PANDEY E-mail: [email protected] Financial Advisor & Joint Secretary Phone: (011)371 0297 VS DINKAR, Commissioner (CAD) E-mail: [email protected] Phone:(011)3382256 E-mail: [email protected] BS AHUJA, Commissioner (PP) Phone: (011)371 1946 L SWAMINATH, Advisor (Eco) E-mail: [email protected] Phone:(011)4690828 E-mail: [email protected]

Central Water Commission Sewa Bhavan, R.K. Puram, New Delhi

MOBILEAD , Chairman B K MITTAL, Member (D&R) Phone:(011)6188855 Phone:(011)6188150

KRISHAN LAlS ,PP R S PRASAD, Member (WP&P) Phone:(011)6188855 Phone:(011)6188590

33 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

Central Water Commission(Cont.)

S C CHITKARA, Member (RM) P PADMANABHAN, Director (T Coordina- Phone:(011)6183221 lion) Phone:(011)6182939 GARGD I , CE (HRM) Phone: (011) 618 8695 RAKESH RANJAN, Director (Admrt) Phone:(011)6189695 VKJYOTHI, Secretary Phone: (011)618 7232 RAKESH KUMAR, DS (Estt) Phone:(011)6188607

Central Soil & Materials Research Station Hauz Khas, New Delhi

KVENKATACHALAM, Director Phone: (011)6961894

MARWAHAK , Under Secretary Phone: (011)6967905

National Water Development Agency Saket, New Delhi

P C LAD, Director General Phone: (Oil) 651 9164

SURISB , Chief Engineer Phone:(011)6852735

Wate Power& r Consultancy Services (Indiad )Lt Kailash, 26 Kasturba Gandhi Marg, New Delhi

P L DIWAN RAMESH NICHANI, Financial Advisor Chairman & Managing Director Phone: (011) 331 6209 Phone-. (011)331 3881 GUPTALN , General Manager PAHWAS D , Chief Manage ) r(P Phone: (011 2849 )61 6 Phone: (011)331 0879

A K SEHGAL, Company Secretary Phone:(011)3730455 Ministry of Water Resources

Rashtriya Pariyojana Nirman Nigam Nehru 01Place 0 Delh9w 11 Ne - ,i

JHAAN , Chairma Managinn& g Director Phone:(011)6484842

NAIDUKP , Director (Finance) Phone:(0129)5231272

AVINASH CHANDRA, Director (Engg) Phone: (0129 1273 152 )

AANISH JULKA, Company Secretary Phone:(011)6485763

Sardar Sarovar Construction Advisory Committeee, Vadodara

A K MAHANA, Secretary Phone: (0265) 421 438

Narmada Control Authority, Indore

SURESH CHANDRA, Ex. Member Phone.-6 (073127 7 55 )

National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee

S M SETH, Director Phone: (01332) 72 106

Faraka Barrage Project, Murshidabad

B P SINGH, General Manager Phone.- (03485) 53 644 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Brahmaputra Board, Guwahati

SC CHITKARA, Chairman Phone: (0361) 301 099

Ganga Flood Control Commission, Patna

MURLYGN , Chairman Phone:(0612)222294

Cauvery Water Dispute, Delhi

Justice N P Singh, Chairman Phone: (011)371 1602

Central Water and Power Research Station, Pune

Jeyaseelan.R, Director Phone:(020)4390189

Tungabhadra Board, Bangalore

A SEKHAR, Chairman Phone: (080 1600 )32 5 Narmada Control Authority, Delhi

R P CHUGH, L.O Phone:(011)6185078 Brahmaputra Board, Delhi

B N Goswami, L O ; Phone:(011)6889265 . j Functions And Organisational Set Up of the Ministry

Ministre Th f Wateyo p FunctionU r t ResourceSe d sAn responsibls si r layinefo g down policy guidelined san programmes for the development and regulation of country's water resources. The Minis- try is responsible for the following functions: -

(a) Overall planning, policy formulation, coordination and guidance in the sector of water resources.

Key Document: Ministry of Water Resources, Annual Report 1999-2000

36 Ministry Waterof Resources

(b) Technical guidance, scrutiny, clearance and monitoring of the irrigation, flood Control and multi-purpose projects (major/medium) of the States. (c) Infrastructural, technical and research support for sectoral development at the State level. (d) Providing special central financial assistanc r specifiefo c project assistancd san n ei obtaining external assistance from the World Bank and other agencies. (e) Overall policy formulation, planning and guidance in respect of minor irrigation and command area development, and also the administration and monitoring of the centrally sponsored scheme thesn si e areas. (f) Overall planning for the development of ground water resources, establishment of utilisable resources and formulation of policies of exploitation, overseeing of and sup- State porth eo t leve l activitie grounsn i d water development. (g) Formulation of the national water development perspective and determination of the water balance of different basins/sub-basins for possible inter-basin transfers. (h) Coordination, mediatio facilitatiod nan n In regarresolutioe th do t f differenceno r so disputes relating to inter-state rivers and overseeing of the implementation of inter- state projects. (i) Operatio Centrae th f no l networ floor kfo d forecastin warnind gan inter-statn go e riv- ersprovisioe th , f centrano l assistanc r somefo e State scheme specian si l cased san preparation of flood control master plans for the Ganga and the Brahmaputra.

Polic Plannind yAn g Wing All policy matters relating to the development of water resources, preparation of five year plans, annual plans. Twenty Point Programme, administrative matters relatin Narmade th go t a Control Authority, Sardar Sarovar Construction Advisory Committee, matters relatin gSardao t r Sarovar Project, Central Wate Powed an r r Research Station, Central MaterialSoid an l - sRe search Station, New Delhi and the National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee are being handled in the Policy and Planning Wing. It looks after the external assistance for water resources projects from the international funding agencies.

Eastern Rivers Wing This Wing deals with matters relating to Ganga and Brahmaputra basins and in particular, international aspects of development of water resources and sharing with Bangladesh, Nepal, and Bhutan. It also deals with matters relating to Ganga Flood Control Commission, Patna and the Brahmaputra Board, Guwahati. Matters concerning flood management and sea erosio entire th f eno countr handlee yar thidn i s Wing.

Water Management Wing The Water Management Wing of the Ministry of Water Resources is responsible for the implementatio Worle th f ndo Bank assisted Hydrology projec eighn i t t State fivd esan Cen- tral agencies projecA . t coordination Secretaria coordinatingr fo t , monitoring, administrat- managind an g in implementatioe gth projece th bee s f Wingno M e ha tn W set-uTh .e th pn i wing also monitors the implementation of World Bank assisted Water Resources Consolidation Projects, currently under implementation in the State of Haryana, Tamil Nadu and Orissa. Besides, the wing also deal with issues related to National Water Management Projec Pricind an t f Irrigatiogo n Water.

37 The Water Environmentald an Sanitation Secto Indian ri

National Water Policy Recognising wate precioua s a r s national asset Nationae th , l Water Policy embodiee sth Nation's resolve that planning and development of water resources should be governed by nationae th l perspective police Th . y recognises drainage basie basith cs n a uni f plano t - ning for development of water resources and calls for appropriate measures to optimise utilisatio thif no s resourc benefie peopl e onlt th r th e no yf fo o te livinbasine th alst gn i ,bu o for transfer of surplus water to meet the requirements of areas which have shortage of water. The principal elements of the policy are: -

• Water is a precious national resource and its development should be governed by the national perspectives; available Th e• resources, both surfac ground ean d water, shoul made db e utilisableo t the maximum extent; • Planning for water resources to be on the basis of the hydrological unit such as a drainage basi sub-basinr no . Appropriate organisations shoul establishee db e th r dfo planned development and management of the river basins as a whole; • Water shoul made db e availabl areaeo t s where ther shortaga s ei transfey eb r from other areas including transfers from one river basin to another, after taking into ac- coun requiremente th t basinse th f so ; • Project plannin r developmengfo watef o t r resources possible s shoulda r r fo fa s e ,a b , multiple benefits integratebasen a n do multi-disciplinard dan y approach havin- gre gard to human and ecological aspects and special needs of disadvantaged sections of the society; • In the allocation of water, ordinarily first priority should be for drinking water, with irrigation, hydro-power, industrial and other uses following in that order; • The ground water potential should be periodically reassessed and its exploitation regulated with reference to recharge possibilities and consideration of social equity; Due care should be taken right from the project planning stage to promote conjunctive use of surface and groundwater; • Maintenance, modernisatio safetd nan structuref yo s shoul ensuree db d through proper organisational arrangements; • There should be close integration of water use and land use policies and distribution of water shoul witregare e db hdu equitdo t sociad yan l justice; • Efficienc f utilisatioyo n shoul improve e diversde b th l al e dn usei watef s o conser d ran - vation consciousness promoted through education, regulation, incentive disind san - centives; • Water rates shoul sucfosteo e t d b s motivatioe ha rth r economnfo d watean n y i e us r should adequately cove annuae th r l maintenanc operationad ean l charge para d t san fixee th df o cost; • Farmers should be progressively involved in the management of irrigation systems; • There shoul Mastea e db r Pla floor nfo d contro managemend lan eacr tfo h flood prone basin. In flood control and management, the strategy should be to reduce the intensit floodf yo souny sb d watershed managemen provisiod tan adequatf no e flood cush- ion in water storage projects wherever feasible to facilitate better flood management of each flood prone basin; Ministry Waterof Resources

• Land erosion by sea or river should be minimised by suitable cost-effective measures. Indiscriminate occupatio economid an , nof c activit coastan yi l area flood san d plain zones shoul regulatede db ; Needs of drought-prone areas should be given priority in the planning of projects for developmen watef to r resources. These areas shoul made db e less vulnerable through soil-moisture conservation measures, water harvesting practices, the minimisation of evaporation losses developmene ,th grounf to d water potentia transfed lan surfacf ro e water from surplus areas where feasible and appropriate. Pastures, forestr r otheyo r mode f developmenso t whic relativele har y less wate- de r manding should be encouraged; • A national information system on water resources should be established with a networ f datko a bank datd saan bases integratin strengthenind gan existine gth g Central Statd an e level agencies; • Training and research efforts should be intensified as an integral part of water re sources development programmes.

Updating/Revisiof nO Sinc adoptioe eth Nationae th f no l Water Polic 1987n yi numbea , f problemro chald san - National Water Policy lenges have emerged in the development and management of the water resources sector. Therefore, the existing National Water Policy needs to be reviewed and updated in the contex f existino t g problems/emerging challenge experiencee lighe th alsf d th to son an i s of the last ten years of its implementation. Some of the important areas/aspects, which need to be considered for their inclusion in the existing National Water Policy, include multi-sectoral perspective and participatory approach towards resource planning and management, private sector participation and integration of quantity, quality and environmen- l aspectta thn si e water resources management, mandatory operatio maintenanced nan , fundin related gan d policie r revenusfo e generatio reformd nan s relate legislationso dt , institutions, incentives/disincentives, environment and technology etc. under the water resources sector.

National Water Resources Council National Water Resources Governmene Councith y b p l u (N.W.R.C f t Indio t se an i s wa ) March, 1983 as a national apex body with the Prime Minister as the Chairman, Union Minis- ter of Water Resources as the Vice-chairman, and concerned Union Ministers, Chief Minis- ter f Statso e Government Administrators/Ltd san . Governor Unioe th f nso Territories sa Members. Secretary, Ministry of Water Resources, is the Secretary of the Council. The function Councie followss th a f so e ar l :-

dowy la Nationa e o n(ath T ) l Water reviePolico t d wyt froan i m tim timeeo t ; consideo (bT ) revied ran w development plans submitte (includint i do t g alternative plans) by the National Water Development Agency, the River Basin Commissions etc; (c) To recommend acceptance of the plans with such modifications as may be considered appropriat necessaryd ean ; (d) To give directions for carrying out such further studies as may be necessary for full consideratio plane th componen r f sno o t thereof;

39 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

(e) To advise on the modalities of resolving inter-state differences with regard to specific elements of these plans and such other issues that may arise during planning for implementation of the project; adviso T (f )practicen eo proceduresd san , administrative arrangement regulationd san s for fair distributio utilisatiod nan f wateno r resource differeny sb t beneficiaries keeping in view optimum development and the maximum benefits to the people; and (g) To make such other recommendations as would foster expeditious, environmentally sound and economical development of water resources in various regions.

National Water Board National Water Boar constitutes dwa Septemberdn i , 1990 with Secretary, Ministr Watef yo r Resources, as Chairman, Chief Secretaries of all the States/UTs, Secretaries of concerned Union Ministrie Chairmand san , CW Members Ca ordesn i revieo rt progrese wth f impleso - mentation of the stipulations of the National Water Policy for reporting to the NWRC and also initiate effective measure systematir sfo c developmen country'e th f to s water resources. Member (Water Polic Planning)d yan , CWMember-Secretare th Cs i Boarde th f yo .

State/UT Secretaries/ State: Andhra Pradesh - Hyderabad State: Biha Patnr- a Engineers-in-Chief/ Chief Secretaryo Ra V P : Chief Secv: V S Dubey Key officials dealing Phone: (040) 345 2620 Phone: (0612) 223 804, 222 085 Fax: (040) 3453700 Fax: (0612) 223 983 with Water Resources Principal Secretary. Irrigation K:P Agarwal Secv. (WR)/CAD/GW Radhs Mr : a Singh (as in August 2000) Phone: (040) 345 2529, 345 0857 Phone:7 (061237 3 )22 Fax:(040)3453511 Fax:(0612)225948 Secretary. Irrigation: D Chakrapani Ml Secv. M M Singh Phone: (040) 345 4327 Phone:(0612)225657 Engineer-ln-Chief: B Rosaiah Phone: (040) 390 411 State: Goa - Panaji Fax:(040)390411 Chief Secv: Ashok Nath Phone:8 (083216 3 22 ) State: Assam Dispu- r Fax: 4 (083225 5 22 ) Chief Secv: P K Bora Irr. Secv (Dev.Com.PWD): Ashok Kumar Phone:0 (036112 1 56 ) Phone: (0832) 224 801 Fax: (0361) 560900 State: Gujarat - Gandhinagar Comm.& Sec (Irr/CAD/GW/MI): Chief Secretary: L N S Mukundan Pitambar Neog Phone:(02712)20372 Phone:4 (036101 7 54 ) Fax:(02712)20052 State: Arunachal Pradesh - Itanagar W NarmadR& a Secretary DesaB N : i Chief Secv NaiM P :r Phone:(02712)23504 Phone: (0360) 212 595, 212 446 Fax:(02712)23056 Fax:(0360)212446 Irrigation & R&R Secretary: M S Patel Comm (Irr/CAD/GW/MI) JaiprakasI R : h Phone:(02712)20032 CAD.MI/GW Secretary DesaB N : i Phone:(0360)212947 Phone:(02712)23504 Fax: 2 (036076 2 21 ) Fax:(02712)23056 Ministry of Water Resources

State/UT Secretaries/ State: Haryana - Chandigarh State: Madhya Prades hBhopa- l Engineers-in-Chief/ Chief Secv VermS R : a Chief Secretary: K S Sharma Phone:(0172)740118 Phone:8 (075584 1 55 ) Key officials dealing Fax:10172) 740317 with Water Resources Fax: (0755)551 152 Irri/GW/MI Secretary: Smt Urvashi Oulati WR Principal Secretary: G S Sahni Phone:(0172)740133 (cont.) Phone:7 (075557 1 55 ) Fax:(0172)740526 Fax: 2 (075537 0 55 ) CAD Administrator: M G Thukral Secretary WR: V S Verma Phone:(0172)566408 Phone:6 (075564 2 55 ) State: Himachal Pradesh - Shimla Fax: (0755406 552 ) Chief Secretary: A K Goswami Phone: (0177) 221 022 State: Maharashtra Mumba- i Fax: (0177) 223 181 Chief Secretary BongirwaL :A r Mrs Sarita Prasad Phone: (022) 202 5042 Phone:(0177)220560 Fax: (022) 202 8594 Fax: (0177) 221 154 Principal Secretary: Mohan Das CAD/GW/MI Secretary: Ajay Prasad Phone:(022)2023109 Phone:(0177)221897 Fax: (022 5042 )20 6 CAD Secretary: A B Mahendrakar State: Jamm Kashmiu& r -Jammu/Srinagar Phone: (022) 202 3038 Chief Secretary (lammu): Ashokjaitly Water Supply Secretary.- V P Raja Phone:(0191)546773 Phone: (022 5148 )28 4 Fax: (0191) 546 188 Chief Secretary (Srinagar) R&R Secv SinhP :A a Phone:(0194)452257 Phone: (022) 202 5274 CAD/GW/MI/lrri Secv: B R Kundal State: Mizoram - Aizwal Phone:(0191)549264 Chief Secretary: H V Lalringa State: Karnataka - Bangalore Phone:(03832)322411 Chief Secretary: B K Bhattacharya Fax: (03832) 322 745 Phone: (080) 225 2442 Vanheela Pachuau Fax:(080)2258913 Phone: (03832) 324 542 Principal Secretary (Maior Irr): S KThruva Fax: (03832) 326 330 Phone: (080 5525 )22 4 Fax: (080) 225 5306 State: Manipur - Imphal Secv Minor Irr.: Ramesh Kumar Chief Secretary: Rakesh Phone: (080 4965 )22 5 Phone: (0385) 221 144 Fax:9 (038562 2 )22 State: Keral aThiruvanthapura- m Irrigation Secretary: M A Sattar Chief Secretary: M Mohan Kumar Phone:0 (038502 1 22 ) Phone:(0471)327376 Fax: (0471) 333 301 GW/MI/lrri Secretary: Elias George Phone: (0385) 221 183 Phone:(0471)333407 Fax: (0471) 333 115 The Water environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

State/UT Secretaries/ Sjate-.Meghalaya-Shillona State: Sikkim-Gangtok Engineers-in-Chief/ chiefsecretafv: J Chief Secretary: Sonam Wangdi Key officials dealins Phone: (035125 31 2 2 ) with Water Resources Fax:(03512)22851 irriQation/M| Secretarv: H K Mazhari Irrigation Secretary PradhaP D : n (COnt.) Phone:8 (036457 3 22 ) Phone:(03512)23404 Fax:(0364)225978 Fax:(03512)23404 CAD Secretary State: Nagaland - Kohima Phone:(03512)22418 Chief Secretary PandeS R : y GW/MI Secretary Phone: (039666 07 0 27 ) Phone:(03512)225683 Fax:(03966)222410 Irrigation Secretary SuslluaB : o State: Tamil Nadu - Madras Phone: (03966) 270 068 Chief Secretary MuthuswamP :A i Phone: (0441556 53 5) State: Orissa - Bhubaneshwar Fax: (044) 536 2304 Chief Secretary MS : Patnalk Irrigation Secretary & PWD: Phone: (0674) 402 300 N P Gupta Fax: (0674) 400 244 Phone: (044) 536 1622 WR & CAD Secretary: B K Patnaik Fax: (044 8846 53 )0 Phone:4 (067486 1 40 ) Fax: (0674) 402 446 State: Tripura-Agartala Engineer in Chief: J C Sahoo Chief Secretary: V Thulasi Das Phone:(0674)400180 Phone:(0381)224392 Fax:(0381)224013 State: Punjab - Chandigarh CE (WR) SahC B : a Chief Secretary: R S Mann Phone:(0381)225664 Phone:(0172)740156 Fax:(0172)742488 State: Uttar Prades hLuckno- w Principal Secretary (Irri/GW/CAD/MI: Chief Secretary (Additional charge)-. Rajesh Chhabra A P Verma Phone:(0172)742351 Phone:9 (052259 1 22 ) Fax:(0172)742911 Fax:3 (052228 9 23 ) State: Rajasthan - Jaipur SecretaryD IrrlCA Sing.& P :D h Chief Secretary: Inderjit Khanna Phone: (0522) 238 956 Phone:(0141)380254 Fax:9 (052228 8 23 ) Chief Engineer (Water Resources): Fax:(0141)380114 Irrigation Secretary BhargavS : a Y P Singh Phone:(0141)380335 Phone:2 (012119 5 )64 Fax:(0141)380335 Engineer in chief: M B L Aggarwal CAD Secretary: B S Minhas Phone:(0522)225811 Phone:(0141)380663 GW/MI Secretary MeenL K : a Phone:0 (014138 3 38 ) Ministry of Water Resources

State/UT Secretaries/ State: West Bengal - Calcutta LED Dada Naga& r r Havel Silvass- i a Engineers-in-Chief/ Chief Secretary: Manish Gupta Daman & Diu - Daman Key officials dealing Phone: (033 5851 )22 8 Administrator (Silvassa) KelkaP 0 : r Fax:(033)2354328 Phone:7 (026078 2 )64 with Water Resources Irrigation Secretary K:A Sarkar Fax: (0260) 642 787 (cont.) Phone: (033) 321 6980 O P Kelkar Fax: (033 6244 )33 5 Phone: (0260)254 770 Water Investigation Secretary: Fax: (0260) 254 775 Renu Ghosh Phone: (033) 221 5666 UI: NCT Of Delhi Fax: (033 6025 )23 5 Delhi Chief Secretary: P S Bhatnagar Phone:(011)2527808 UT: Andaman & Nicobar Islands - Fax:(011)3932962 Port Blair Ramesh Narayanaswami LOT: Lakshadwee pKavaratt- i Phone:(03192)34087 Chaman Lal Fax:(03192)32656 Phone:(04896)622 55 Fax: (04896) 621 84 UI: Chandigarh Adminstrator: Lt Gen JFR Jacob UI: Pondicherry Phone:(0172)740740 Chief Secretary.- T T Joseph Fax:8 (017205 1 74 ) Phone:(0413)334145 Advisor toAdministrator: Vinita Raigar Fax:5 (041357 7 33 ) Phone:(0172)742001 The Wafer and environmental Sanitation Sector In India WATER MISSION Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission

Paryavaran Bhawan, B-1 Block, 9 Floor, CGO Complex, Lodi Road Delhi-11w Ne , 0 003 th

Key Personnel

SKTRIPATHI, Secretary E-mail: [email protected]

ANIL KUMAR, joint Secretary Phone:(011)4361043 E-mail: [email protected]

P V VALSALA G KUTTY, Director (TM) Phone:(011)4363253 E-mail: [email protected]

HARISH KUMAR, Deputy Director (ARWSP) Phone:(011)4364427 E-mail: [email protected]

Rural Water Supply Drinking water suppl Stata s yi e subject. Funds have been provide budgete th e dn i th f so Programme state drinkinr sfo g water supply right fro commencemene mth firse th t f Five-yeao t r plan. Drinking water facilitie ruraso t l habitation providee sar d unde State rth e Sector Minimum Needs Programme(MNP) Centrae .Th l Government endeavour supplemeno st efforte th t s Statee th providinf y so b g assistance unde Centralle rth y Sponsored Accelerated Rura- Wa l r Supplte y Programme (ARWSP). Powers have been delegate Statee th do st to plad nan implemen rurae tth l water supply schemes.

The National Agenda for Governance of the Government of India envisages provision of safe drinking water to all in the next five years. The Department of Drinking Water Supply has been newly create Ministre th n di f Rurayo l Developmen r implementinfo t gproa - gramm attaininr efo g this objective.

45 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

The strategy to achieve the objective of providing drinking water to all rural habitations in the next five years revolves around the following three distinct but interrelated issues-. 1. Accelerating the coverage of remaining not covered and partially covered habitations with safe drinking water system. tacklo T proble2e .e th mwatef o r qualit affecteyn i d habitation institutionaliso t d san e water quality monitorin surveillancd gan e systems. promoto T 3. e sustainability, bot f systemho sourcesd san ensuro ,t e continued supply of safe drinking water in covered habitations.

Achievements • About 98 per cent of rural habitations have access to drinking water facilities. Guineaworm eradicated. • More than 3.5 million handpumps installed. More than 116,500 piped water supply schemes installed.

Present Status An investment of more than Rs. 30,000.00 crore has been made in the water supply sector till date. • Statu f coveragso f ruraeo l habitation 1-4-2000n o s sa , informatiobasee th n do n fur- nishe State th ey d b Governments followss a s ,wa : Total 1422664 Fully Covered (FC) 1172728 Partially Covered (PC) 222493 Not Covered (NC) 27443 • There are about 2,17,000 quality affected habitations.

Comprehensive Action Plan In consonance wit Nationae hth l Agend Governancr afo Governmene th f eo providinr tfo g for Coverage safe drinkin fivgn i wateel al years o t rStat e th , e Governments were requeste preparo dt e l Ruraal f o l Habitations comprehensive action plan attaio st n this avowed objective, indicatin totae gth l requirement of funds. A Comprehensive Action Plan has been prepared based on the information Fivn i e Years received from the States and the requirement of funds to achieve the objective is to the 45,00. tunRs f e0o crore (approx.) objective achievee .Th b n eca d subjec availabilito t f yo funds.

Policy Initiative The Governmen f Indi o revampets aha Rurae dth l Water Supply Programme which, inter- alia, envisage institutionaliso st e community based rural water supply system incorpoy sb - rating the following three basic principles for ensuring peoples' participation:

• Adoptio demand-drivea f no n responsiv adaptabld ean e approach base empowern do - ment of villagers to ensure their full participation in the project through a decision makin choicge rolth f n schemei eo e design, contro f financeo l managemend san t arrangements: • Shifting rol f Governmeneo t from direct service deliver thao y t facilitatorf o t . • Partial cost sharing either in cash or kind or both and 100 per cent responsibility of Operation & Maintenance by end-users.

46 Ka/lv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission

58 Districts, all over the country, have been identified for implementing the sector reform projects, incorporatin above gth e basic concepts piloa n t,o basis. 5thef 7o m have already been sanctioned for implementation. Based on the experiences gained from the implementation of these pilot projects, this concept would be gradually expanded to all the remaining district countrye th sn i .

Sub-Mission Programmes A numbe qualitf ro y problems like excess fluoride/iron/arsenic/brackishness besides bacte- riological contamination have emerge rurae th ln d i drinkin g water suppl problemd yan s like excess fluoride/arsenic pose a major health hazard affecting & substantial rural population in the country. Ever since the Mission mode approach was adopted for coverage of problem villages in 1986, the Mission also accorded high priority for tackling major quality proble indicatems a d abov constitutiny eb g exclusiv Missiob eSu r initiatinnfo g both pre- ventiv remediad ean l measurer footinwa a consultatiogn i n so n wit concernee hth - daf fected States Missioe .Th n successfully implemented cen cenr pe tt eradicatio f guineno a worm (dracun culiasis association )i n wit Unioe hth n Health Ministry. Power planso t , sanc- tioimplemend nan t Sub-Mission projects have been delegate State th edo t Governments . States have also been instructe expenditure cenr utilisdth o t f pe o t 5 e2 e incurree th n do Sub-Mission projects for implementation of projects on water recharging activities.

State/UT Secretaries/ State: Andaman & Nicobar State: Arunachal Pradesh Engineers-in-Chief dealing HI S: SecDogrCE v& a Comm Secvr& . PHED: Tabam mBa with Rural Water Supply PWD, Port Blair Govt of Arunachal Pradesh Phone:(03192)32852 Itanagar-791111 Fax:(03192)30215 Phone:(0360)212339 SE KR : Singh Fax: (0360) 33 265 Phone:(03192)32206 Chief Enflr. PHED: T.Bagra PBNo.108 State: Andhra Pradesh Gov f Arunachao t l Pradesh Principal Secretary PR & RD: S. Ray Phone: (0360) 212 298 Govt of AP, Fax:(0360)35 326 Room No. 807,1-Block, 8th floor Sectt, State: Assam Hyderabad - 500022. Secretary. PHED: PKDhurah Phone: (040) 345 4670 Gov f Assamo t , Bengrabari Fax: (040 6945 34 )6 Guwahati-781006 Email: [email protected] Phone: (0361) 561 483 Engr-ln-Chief. PR: D. Bhaskara Rao Fax: (0361) 561 483 Engg Deptt Chief Engr: Bolen Baishya SRTGN Bhavan.Errummanzil Colony Govt of Assam, Bengrabari Hyderaba2 08 0 50 d- Guwahati - 781 006 Phone: (040) 339 6655 Phone: (0361) 561 505 Fax: (040)331 9688 Fax: (0361) 561 505 CE (Rural): Rama Naidu Phone: (040 9731/1 )33 3 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

State/UT Secretaries/ State: Bihar State: Haryana Engineers-in-Chief dealing Secretary (RWS & UP) PHED: NS Commn Fi Secv& r Sharm C K : a Madhawan, Govt of Blhar with Rural Water Supply Govt of Haryana Patna - 800 015 Chandigarh-160 019 (cont.) Phone: (0612) 231 087 Phone: (0172) 712 1 44 925 8 54 , Fax:(0612)238586 Fax: (0172) 713 996, 774 806, 543 494 Email: [email protected] Ener-in-Chief.PW GuptD P : aDBH Chief Engr (Rural) PHED Mohammen Au : d Br. Sec,19-B, Gov f Haryano t a Govt of Bihar, Patna - 800015 Chandigarh-160 019 Phone:(0612)233906 Phone:(0172)548442 Fax:(0612)233059 Fax:(0172)774806

State: Goa State: Himachal Pradesh Secretary (PWP): Ashok Kumar Fin. Commr. Secv (PH) Irrigatio PHEDn& : Govt of Goa, Panjim Sarita Prasad Phone: (0832) 224 801 Gov f Himachao t l Pradesh CluS U ,b Fax: (0832) 223 849 Shimla-171 001 Chief Engr. PWD: T.K. Mohandas Phone:(0177)220560 Altinho, Gov f Goao t , Panjim Fax:(0177)220560, 212841 Phone: (0832) 226 443, 225 515 Spl Secv: Sanjeev Gupta Fax: (0832 113 3)22 Phone:9 (017726 2 22 ) Fax: (0177)226 559 State: Gujarat Enflr-in-Charfle: Sashi Kant Gupta Secretary (WS): RK Tripathy Phone:(0177)258556 Narmada Water Resources & WS Deptt Fax:(0177)212841 Gov f Gujarao t t Gandhi Nagar State-. Jammu & Kashmir Phone:(02712)20470 Comm Secvr& KundaR B : l Fax:(02712)25952 Powe Depttv De r , Gov f J&o t K Member Secretary Civil Sectt, Jammu GWSSB: KB Patel Phone: (0191) 547 935 Sector-16, Gov f Gujarao t t (0194)452237(Srinagar) Gandhi Nagar-382 016 Fax: (0191) 544356 Phone:(02712)22423 (0194)452692(Srinagar) Fax:(02712)22684 Chief Engr. PHE: SRS Madni AS &CE (WS): JV Mankad Gov f J&Ko t , Central MktO P , Phone:(02712)22258 RoadC B , , SrinagaSn r Jammu Fax:(02712)23707 Phone:6 (019158 7 54 ) CE. GWSSB: KK (adeia (0194)47 (Srinagar4 854 ) 5 0 3 23 , Phone23 6 :30 (02712, 91 2 23 ) Fax:(0194)478551

48 Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission

State/UT Secretaries/ State: Karnataka State: Manipur Engineers-in-Chief dealing Secv. RD&PR Deott: M SrinivasamurthR y Secretary. PHED LuiknaG N : m with Rural Water Supply Gov f Karnatakao t , Bangalor9 00 0 57 e- Govt of Manipur Phone: (080) 226 1322 Seenw 55Ne , , (cont.) Fax: (080 4656 )22 0 1 Impha00 5 79 - l Ener-in-Chief. PHED: B.Srinivas Phone:(0385)222512 Anan Circleo dRa , Gov f Karnatakao t , Fax: (0385) 222 629 Bangalore - 560 009 Chief Engr. PHED: S. Gouro Singh Phone: (080) 287 4810, 286 6095 Govt f Manipuro . , Fax: (080) 287 3071 PWD Complex, Khoyathong Email: [email protected]; Imphal - 795 001 [email protected] Phone.-(03853 16 0 )22 Fax: (0385)221 156 State: Kerala Secv: Ellas George State: Mizoram Water Supply Deptt, Gov f Keralo t a Secretary. PHED: JH Ramfamg Zauva Thirwanathapuram - 695 006 Gov f Mizoramo t , Aizawl Phone:(0471)333407 Phone:(0389)325314 Fax:(0471)333407 Fax: (0389) 323 672 MD Govlnda:K n Kutty Nair Chief Engr(Circle-1)E PH . . Dawanglian:M a Kerala Water Authority, Jal Bhavan Govt. of Mizoram, Aizawl Water Works Campus Phone:(0389)324487, 323157 Thiruvanthapuram - 695 033 Fax:2 (038967 3 32 ) Phone.-(0471)327 279 Fax:(0471)324903 State: Madhya Pradesh Principal Secv. PHED: Rakesh C. Sahni State: Maharashtra Govt of M.P., Bhopal Principal Secretary Prabhakara. :S n Phone: (0755) 551 620 Water Supply and Sanitation Deptt. Fax:0 (075599 6 55 ) Gov f Maharashtrao t , Mantralaya, Mumbai - 400 032 State: Orissa Phone:(022)2885144 Secretary PHED: A. Samantaray Fax: (022) 288 3862, 284 5502, 282 8129 Govt. of Orissa, Member Secv: Suresh Salvi Bhubaneshwa1 00 1 75 r- Maharashtra Jal Pradhikaran, Mumbai Phone0 : (067426 8 )40 Phone: (022) 284 1576 Fax:4 (067498 4 )40 Fax: (022) 202 9348 Endineef-in-Chief: N.P. Rath Chief EnQr (Rural): PD More Rural Water Supply & Sanitation MWSS Pradhikaran Govt. of Orissa Floorh 4t , Express Towers Phone:4 (067473 7 )40 Nariman Point, Mumbai - 400 021 Fax: (0674) 416 314 Phone: (022 6674 28 ) 1 Fax: (022 28628 54994 )28 8122 28 , 28 , 9 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

State/UT Secretaries/ State: Meghalaya State-. Rajasthan Engineers-in-Chief dealing Commissioner & Secv: H.K. Mazhari Secretary PHED: KL Meena with Rural Water Supply Public Health Engg. Deptt. Govt. of Rajasthan, Jaipur Govt. of Meghalaya Phone: (0141) 383 380 (cont.) Ralona Building, Sectt. Hill Fax: (0141) 383 380, 380 117 Shillong - 793 001 CE(RURAL). PHED: SC Mathur Phone: (0364)228 357 Govt. of Rajasthan, Jaipur Fax:8 (036497 5 22 ) Phone:3 (014118 2 22 ) Chief Engineer. PHED: R.B. Purkaysth CE (Hars) PHED: SK Kulshetra Govt. of Meghalaya Govt f Rajasthano . , Jaipur 1 Shillon00 3 79 g - Phone: (0141) 228053 Phone:9 (036411 5 22 ) 8 97 5 Fax22 :, (036405 3 22 ) State: Sikkim Secretary Rural Dev Deptt: Rinchem State: Nagaland Ongmu, Gov f Sikkio t m Secretary. PHED: Temjey nTo Gangtok-737 103 Govt. of Nagaland, Phone: (035929 65 2 )2 Kohima - 797 001 Fax: (035921 2452 28 2 ) 2 ,2 Phone: (038664 05 0 27 ) CE. Rural Dev Deptt: GD Mimami Tashling Fax:(03866)215162 Gangtok-733 710 Chief Engineer. PHED: R Saleh Phone: (03592) 22 659 Govt. of Nagaland, Fax:(03592)22042 Kohima - 797 001 Phone: (03866) 221 339 State: Tripura Fax: (038667 72 9 22 ) Secv-cum-Commissioner: K.V.Satyanarayan Rura Depttv De l , Gov f Tripuro t a State: Punjab 1 Agartal00 9 79 a- Secv. D/PH- KundaR .J l Phone:0 (038131 3 )22 Gov f Punjao t b Fax:0 (038131 3 22 ) Roo . 61m6No CE (PWD). PHED: J.K.Malakar 6th floor. Mini Sectt., Sector-9 Govt of Tripura Chandigarh Malancha Niwas, Kunjaban Phone:1 (017272 3 74 ) 6 Agartal00 9 79 a - Fax:(0172)743721 Phone:(0381)224625 CE. PWD: Sures GupthK a Fax: (0381 113 022 ) Govt. of Punjab The Mall, Patiala State: Tamil Nadu Phone:(0175)212039 Secretary. Dir. HRD Cell: S. Malathi Fax:(0175)212029 Municipal Admn W.& S Deptt EE. PHED BhasiK D : n Fort St. George, Govt of Tamil Nadu Govt. of Punjab Chennai - 600 009 Chandigarh Phone: (044) 536 0491 Phone:(0175)222756 Fax: (044) 538 9866, 852 3537 Fax:(0175)215173

50 Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission

State/UT Secretaries/ Secretarv.Rural Devot. Deott: R.C.Panda State-. Pondicherry Engineers-in-Chief dealing Govt ofTamil Nadu Secretary (Pig.) cum-Devpt Commissioner & Secy (Fin.): R Padmanabhan wit. h, Rura„ l. Wate. r Suppl„ .y Chennai - 600 009 Phone: (044 0766 53 )9 U f PondicherrTo 1 00 5 60 y- (cont.) Fax: (044) 536 584 Phone: (04134 48414 4 4 33 ) ,33 MD. TWAD Board: Kashiviswanathan Fax: (0413) 346 107 TWAD House, Chepauk e-mail: [email protected] 5 Chenna00 0 60 - i ChinnaswamPWS : DCE y Govt f Pondicherro . y Phone: (044) 852 5501 34, Lal Bahadur Shastri Street Fax: (044) 852 3537, 855 2970 Pondicherry - 605 001 State: Uttar Pradesh Phone:(0413)336394 Secv. Rura Deottv De l : Rajendra Bhonwal Fax:0413-337575 Govt of Uttar Pradesh State: Delhi Luckno1 00 6 22 w - Chief Executive Officer: Pradeep Mehra Phone: (0522) 239 328 Delhi Jal Board, DWSSD Fax: (0522)238162 Varunalaya Phase-11 Sol. Secretary (RD): Ramendra Tripathi Jhandewalan, Karol Bagh, Delhi Govt of Uttar Pradesh Phone:(011)3544795, 351 1658 Luckno1 00 6 22 w - Fax: (011)753 5939 Phone: (0522) 237 073 Endr-in-Chief: SK Chhabra Commissioner (Rural Devpt): Delh l BoardiJa , P.Umashankar DWSSD, Varunalaya, Phase-11 Govt of Uttar Pradesh Jhandewalan, Karol Bagh, New Delhi Lucknow-221 600 Fax: (011)235 100 Phone: (0522) 280 403, 280 648 Fax: (0522) 280 667 State: LakshwadeeT pU MD. UP lal Nieam: HS Jethwanl Superintending Engineer KasmM :A i Koya RP Marg f Lakshwadweeo AdmT U f no p Luckno1 00 6 22 w - Kavarathi - 682 555 Phone: (05228 38941 2 4 22 ) ,22 Phone: (04896) 622 62, 623 38 Fax: (048967 6 3 )63 Fax:(0522)220172 E-mail: [email protected] State: West Bengal State: Daman & Diu U T Principal Secretary. PHED KR :Tripath y Development Commissioner (PWD): New Sectt Bldg.1, KS Roy Rd. Ramesh Negi Bengal. GovtW f o . , Calcutta UT of Daman & Diu Phone: (033) 248 6769, 248 6407 Moti Daman Fax: (033) 248 4146, 248 6436 Phone: (02638)577 00 Chief Engineer. PHE: SN Mukherjee Fax: (02638) 633 67 No.1 KS Roy Road SE (PWD): DK Veghela Bengal. GovtW f .o , Calcutta UT of Daman & Diu Phone: (033 2908 )24 1 Moti Daman Fax: (033) 248 6436 Phone: (02638) 423 50 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector In India

State/UT Secretaries/ State: Dadr Nagaa& r HavelT U i Chief EngieerC.E.: R.K. Jain Engineers-in-Chief dealing Ex. Engineer PWD-. d IMLa U/T of Chandigarh with Rural Water Supply D&NH SeenT U , Secto9 r Silvassa Chandigarh (cont.) Phone:0 (017234 1 74 ) State: ChandigarT hU Fax:3 (017273 2 74 ) Fin Secv-cum-Secv (Engq): Rakesh Singh Chandigarh Administration Roo . 412mNo , UT Sectl. Sector-9 Chandigarh Phone: (0172) 741 105 Fax-. (0172)741 747,743 150 Central Ground Water Board

Jamnagar House, Mansingh Road, New Delhi-110 011 Phone: (011)338 3561, 338 3851 Fax: (011 30927 67438 )30 3828 33 , 33 , 4 Kev Personnel

D K CHADDHA, Chairman Phone:(011)3383561 E-mail: [email protected] SHARMAK S . Member (Survey, Assessmen Monitoringd tan ) Phone:(011)3383851 E-mail: [email protected]

A N BHOWMICK, Member Secretary (Central Ground Water Authority) Phone:(011)3325079 E-mail: [email protected] CHAUHANS S , Member (Exploratory Drillin) MM g& Phone: (011)541 2839 E-mail: [email protected] S P SINHARAY, Member (Sustainable Management & Lialsoning) Phone.-(011)541 9105 E-mail: [email protected] Number of Ground Water Scientists/Engineers-. 2000

Tne Central Ground Water Board is a National apex organisation with responsibilities to carr t scientifiyou c surveys, exploration, monitorin f developmentgo , managemend an t regulatio e country'th f no s vast ground water resource irrigationr sfo , drinkin indusd gan - trial needs. The main activitie e Boar th e hydrogeologlcaf dar o s l surveys, ground water exploration, nation-wide monitoring of the behaviour of water table and water quality, ground water resource assessment, monitoring of ground water development and management of ground water resources date aTh . generated from these investigations provid scientifiea c base for user agencies. Besides advising States and other user agencies on planning and management of ground water development schemes, the Board is also taking up special studies on research and development, conjunctive use of surface and ground water, artificial recharge, water balance and ground water pollution, etc. It also organises various The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

training courses for personnel of its own, as well as for other Central, State Government Organisation publid san c undertakings.

Establishe 1954dn i , CGWB functions unde Ministre rth Watef yo r Resources, Governmenf to India. A Chairman and four members, under whom 16 Regional Offices function in differ- Statt en e capitals, heade Regionay db l Directors, hea Boarde d th Regiona e .Th l Offices have 16 Divisions 1d 0 ,Unian t offices, locate Uniodn i n Territorie States aboud s san ha t tI . 5,000 scientifi engineerind can g personne responsibilities e cateo t lth o t r .

Mandate "Develo disseminatd pan e technologie monitod s an implemen d ran t national policier sfo the scientific and sustainable development and management of India's ground water resources including their exploration, assessment, conservation, augmentation, protection from pollution and distribution, based on principles of economic and ecological efficiency and equity."

Fuctions and • Monitor and guide ground water development to promote its sustainable manage- Responsibilities men principlen o t f ecologyso , economi energd cefficiencan e yus equityd yan . • Periodically assess the country's ground water and publish once in five years a report, state on th f India' eo s ground water resources. Draw up perspective basin or sub-basin plans for harnessing these resources in a phased manner. • Develop, co-ordinatio refinn weli s disseminatea d s a len an ow s it nn wito , h other agencies, basin specific technologies for sustainable ground water development and management including priority areas such as conjunctive use of ground water and surface water including brackish or sea water, augmentation and conservation includ- artificiag in l recharge, pollutio salind nan e ingresslocatione th d ,an , design, operation and maintenance of ground water extraction structures and devices, recycling and reus watef e o solution d ran f urbaso n problems. • Plan augmentation, conservation, protectio regulatiod nan grounf no d water resources keeping in view the existing and future ground water scenario. Evolve a National Information System in collaboration with state Governments and other agencies to collect, store, process and disseminate ground water data as part of an overall water resources data bank. • Forecast the manpower, equipment, energy and financial requirements for the ground water sectocontexe th n i rf deman o t d projections. Promot economie eth efficiend f manpowerco an e us t , energ equipmend yan - em t ploye groune th dn i d water sector through various measures including settin perp gu - formance appraisal and management information system, training, development of technical and managerial skills and personnel development. • Support and co-ordinate the efforts of State Ground Water Organisations for the planned developmen f theio t r ground water resource above th n eso lines, specially wherein ter-state issues arise. • Foster international co-operation to promote scientific exchanges, acquisition of use- l technologfu y renewablf includino e us e geth source energf so pumpinr yfo g ground wate assistancd ran otheeo t r developing countries. Central Ground Water Board

• In co-ordination with the State Governments, establish benchmarks and methodolo- gie grounr sfo d water studies. • Promote environmental awareness and water quality consciousness associated with f grouno e us d e waterth . • Organise facilities for research and training in ground water management involving appropriate institution universitied san ordesn i fosteo rt growte r th nationa a f ho l grid f R&o D Institutions covering different aspect f grounso d water conservatio utilid nan - sation. • Develop linkages with social science Institution ordesn i givo rt e adequate attentiono t the social engineering aspects of ground water saving and sharing. • Foster linkages with users through demonstration and a well organised communication and information system and by preparing educational resources for the media an extensior dfo n training institutions. • Promot whereved ean r necessary undertake anticipatory researc potentiae th n ho l impact of global climate change on India's ground water resources.

Activities Of The Board Major field activities of the Central Ground Water Board are listed below:

Systematic hydro-geological surveys (completed) • Reappraisal hydro-geological surveys • Hydrograph network monitoring programm evaluatinr efo g behaviou f grouno r - dwa ter system wated san r quality regime • Ground water exploration aide drilliny db g Constructio f productiono n well deposis sa t works • Water supply investigations for rural, urban, defence and other agencies Scientific source finding under Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Missions launched by the Ministry of Rural Areas & Employment Experimental Pilot Project Studie augmentatior sfo f grounno d water storag artifiy eb - cial recharge • Special ground water study projects including conjunctive use of ground water and surface water in canal commands • Assistanc Stateeo t planninn si g water development programmes • Technical examinatio surfacf no e water resources development project with respecf to ground water component Trainin f personnego Extensiod an l n Services Programmes Ground Water Pollution Studies

The Central Ground Water Board was constituted, as Authority for a period of one year vide a Gazette Notification No. S.O. 38(E) dated 14th January, 1997 issued by the Ministry of Environment & Forest under section 3(3) of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. The term of the Authority has been extended upto five years vide Gazette Notification No. S.O. 40(E) dated 13th January, 1998.

Central Ground Water Authorit constitutes ywa d wit vieha wregulato t e indiscriminate bor- ing and withdrawal of ground water in the country and to issue necessary regulatory directio protecno t preservd an t e ground water.

55 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector in India

Functions of the Authority 1. Notifyin gprotectioe areath r sfo conservatiod nan f grounno d water from pollution and depletion. 2. Regulating construction of wells, borewells, tubewells, and any other ground water abstraction structure. 3. Issuin f guidelinego r conservatiosfo grounf no d water. 4. Give directions for re-circulation of water in industry including hotel, tourism and related areas. 5. Issue directions for the protection of ground water consequent to human interference naturan i l processes. 6. Promulgate direction r monitorinsfo behavioue gth f grounro d water syste quald man - ity regime. 7. Formulate guidelines for augmenting ground water recharge, conservation of water and recharge of treated urban waste water using conservation of water using roof-top stord an m run-off recharg treatee th f eo d urban water etc. 8. Directio f identifno monitorind yan grounf go d water vulnerable zones. 9. Technical clearanc f schemeeo State th ey s b Governments , financia othed an l r Agen- cies. 10. Issue guideline r maintenancsfo f grouneo d water leve t minimua l m depth below ground in different areas. 11. Issue direction takd san e measure implementatioe th r sfo above th f neo guidelines an l matterdal s relevan thin i t s connection. 12. Formulate and issue guidelines for data collection and setting up of Information Cen- tres at the various levels. 13. Recommend norms for the allocation of ground water for the various sub-sectoral uses like domestic, irrigatio industrd nan suggesd yan t interest priorities. 14. Issue directio identificatioe th r nfo monitorind nan grounf go d water vulnerable areas. 15. Issue directions for the control of wastage of water in artesian wells. othey 16 An considerere . functiob y ma s na d expedien notifiee Authoritb e y th y dma tb yn i a similar manner at the sub-rule (1) above.

Regional Directoratef sO Region: Northern Region-. Southern Central Groundwater Board Director: P C Chaturvedi Director: YJ Pardhasarthy Central Ground Water Board Central Ground Water Board Bhujal Bhavan, Sector-B, Sitapur Road 3-6-291, Sadhana building Yojna, Ram Bank Chauraha 1st Floor, Hyderguda Lucknow-226021, U.P. Hyderabad - 500 029, A.P. Phone: (0522) 363 820, 360 494-98 Phone: (040) 322 2873, 322 5465 Fax: (0522 1771 36 ) , 362276 Fax: (040) 322 2873

Region: North Western Region: South Western Director: MNautiyaD l Director MurthS S D : y Central Ground Water Board Central Ground Water Board S.C.O-3, Sector-26 31st Cross, 11th Main Block4 Chandigarh-160 019 Jayanagar, Bangalore - 560 011 Punjab, Haryana & UT of Chandigarh Karnataka & Goa Phone: 4 (0172 55 980 0 4 77 ) ,78 Phone-. (080) 663 1336 Fax:(0172)770980 Fax: (080 8444 )63 2 Central Ground Water Board

Region: Eastern Region: Kerala Director: BMJha Director [indaC :M l Central Ground Water Board Central Ground Water Board Eastern Region, "Bhujalika" Kedaram Kesavadasapuram CP Block-6, Sector-V Trivendrum - 695 004 Bidhannagar, Calcutta - 700 091 Kerala & Lakshwadeep West Bengal, Sikkim and Andaman & Phone: (0471) 442 191, 442 175 Nicobar Islands Fax:(0471) 442 191 Phone: (033) 367 3080, 367 3081 Fax:(033)2296670 Region: North Central Director: Saleem Roman) Region: South Eastern Central Ground Water Board Director MB : Jha Block-1, 4th Floor, Paryawas Bhawan Central Ground Water Board Area Hills, jail Road Bhujal Bhawan, Khadagirl Chhak (NHS) Bhopal-462011 Bhubaneshwar - 751 030, Orissa West Madhya Pradesh Phone: (0674) 470 332, 470 357 Phone: (0755) 557 639, 760 090 Fax: (0674) 471 902 Fax: (0755) 760 090

Region: Western Region: North West Himalayan Director: S.K. Doshi Director Srisalanat:A h Central Ground Water Board Central Ground Water Board 6-A, Jhalna Doongri Ruby Shopping Complex Jaipur - 302 004 Rajasthan Sanjay Nagar, Jammu -181 000 Phone: (0141) 518438, 510284 Jammu & Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh Fax:(0141)519691 Phone: (0191) 451 626,452141 Fax:(0191)454080 Region.- West Central Director: A K Sinha Region: North Eastern Central Ground Water Board Director Meht:M a Swami Narain College Building Central Ground Water Board Shah Alam Tolnaka Tarun Nagar Lane neaBy ,e1 r Rajiv Ahmedaba2 02 0 38 d- Bhawan, Guwahati - 781 005 Gujara Damad u an t Di n& North East States Phone: (079) 532 0476, 539 4464 Phone:(0361)560358 Fax: (079 6675 53 )6 Fax:(0361)459161

Region: Central Region Easterd Mi : n Director SharmK :S a Director: R P Aggwarwal Central Ground Water Board Central Ground Water Board N.S. Building, Civil Lines Mahatama Gandhi Nagar 1 Nagpu00 0 44 r- Kanti Factory Road, Kankarbagh Maharashtra and Dadra & Nagar Haveli Patna - 800 029, Bihar Phone: (0712 314 4 414 53 )5 43 , Phone: (0612) 231 785 Fax:(0712)522460 Fax:(0612)229531

57 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector IndiaIn

Region: South East Coastal Region: North Central Chattisgarh Director: D S S Murthy Director: Sobnath Ram Central Ground Water Board Central Ground Water Board E-Wing, G-Block R-16, Anupam Nagar Rajaji Bhavan, CGO Complex Raipur - 492 007 Besant Nagar, Chennai - 600 090 East Madhya Pradesh Tamil Nadu & Pondicherry Phone:0771-283138 Phone: 044-4914334, 4914494 Fax: 0771-282087 Fax: 044-4914334

State Unit Officef sO State: NC f DelhTo i State: Himachal Pradesh Central Groundwater Board SingSB h S.C Dhiman Central Ground Water Board Central Ground Water Board 16/11, Jamnagar House, Mansingh Rd House No.3 (HIG) New Delhi- 110011 H.P. Housing Board Colony Phone:011-3073093 Kangra, Himachal Pradesh Fax:011-3386743 Phone:01892-64317 Fax:01892-65223 State: Tripura -B.B. Bhattacharya State: Meghalaya Central Ground Water Board Uptal Gogol Dhaleshwar Road No.11 Central Ground Water Board Agartala - 799 007 1 Keating Road, Opp Assam Secretariat Phone:0381-225876 Building, Shillong, Meghalaya Phone: 0364-223348 State: North Karnataka & Goa S V Chougala State-. Arunachal Pradesh Central Ground Water Board ShaGC h North Karnataka Unit Central Ground Water Board 4642, B-1Maind Cros62n A ,2- s Vivek Vihar Ganj Sadashiv Nagar, Belgaum - 590 001 Itanaga 111 379 - r Phone:0831-473160 Phone: 33428

State: Uttar Pradesh State: West Rajasthan Akhtar Jamal MathuRP r Central Ground Water Board Central Ground Water Board Hotel Chandragupta 64, Polo-1, Paota 3rd Floor, Bareilly Jhodhpu r- 346 200 Phone: 0581 -451613 West Rajasthan Phone: 0291-547614 State: West Maharashtra and Dadra & Nagar Haveli State: Uttrar Pradesh ShettB D y Kama! Mehmood Central Ground Water Board Central Ground Water Board 217/11, Deccan College Road 276, Kaushambi Road Yarvada, Pune-411 006 Chakla, Allahabad-216 101 Phone: 020-6693909 Phone:0532-617597

SB CAPART (Counci r Advancemenfo l f People'o t s Actio Ruran& l Technology)

Zone 5A, II Floor, India Habitat Centre, Lodi Road, New Delhi - 110 003 Phone: (011) 464 2395 Fax: (011) 464 8607, 462 5822

Key Personnel

RANGAN DATTA, Director General E-mail: [email protected]

K K BANGAR, Deputy Director General E-mail: [email protected]

ASHOK THAKUR, Deputy Director General E-mail: [email protected]

Project Offices Addresses Project Office7 Project Office3 (West Zone Regional Centre) Sco/179-180, llnd Floor Navjivan Trust Complex Section 17-C, Chandigarh Ashram Road, Ahmedabad - 380 014 Phone: (0172) 700 457, 720 465 Phone: (079) 754 5072, 754 5073 Fax:(0172)700457 Fax: (079) 754 5072 E-mail: [email protected]; E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]

Project Office 2 Project Office 4 (East Zone Regional Centre) (North East Zone Regional Centre) A-29/1, Unit 3, Kharavela Nagar Ashok Path, Bashishtha Road Bhubaneshwar - 751 001 Guwahati - 781 021 Phone:(0674)419443 Phone: (0361) 268 368, 269 113 Fax:(0361)568368 Fax: (0674)414 492 E-mail: [email protected]; E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] [email protected] The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Project Office5 Project Office7 (South Zone Regional Centre) Central Zone Regional Centre) Faculty Buildin 11o gN , NIRD, Rajendera B-3/499, Vishal Khan dCitp IIIy,Op Montessori School, Gomati Nagar Nagar, Hyderaba0 03 0 50 d- Lucknow (UP) Phone: (040 7851 )40 1 Phone: 2 (0522 32 3211 1 30 ) 30 , Fax: (040 8661 )40 9 Fax:(0522)393103 E-mail: [email protected]; E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Project Office8 Project Office 6 Biscomaun Tower Floorh t 5 , , West Gandhi (North Zone Regional Centre) Maidan, Patna - 800 001

Tambl Tower, 3 Floor, Sansarchandra Phone: (0612) 218 164 d

Road, Jaipur - 30r 2 001 Fax: (0612) 218 164 E-mail: [email protected] Phone: (0141) 379 783, 373 460 Fax:(0141)379783 Project Office 9 E-mail: [email protected],- Pavate Compound HilB U l, Dist. Dharwad, Karnataka Phone: (0836) 440 309, 447 176 Fax: 6 (083617 7 34 ) E-mail: [email protected]

Key Priorities/ Goal Objectived san s Future Directions/ CAPART works with the objective of improving the quality of life in the rural areas, particu- Policies larl poo e socialld yth ran y disadvantaged section f societyso . Thus, people belo pove wth - erty line, people belongin thgo t e scheduled caste tribesd san , bonded labour; womed nan people with disabilitie priorite sar y focus group r CAPARTsfo .

The major goal f CAPARso T are:

• To support voluntary organizations in implementing projects for sustainable development in rural areas. nationaa s a t ac l nodao T l • poin r developmenfo t promotiod an t f appropriatno e rural technologies. • To promote and support voluntary action and people's participation for rural development, through capacity buildin voluntarr gfo y organization rurad san l communities. • To act as a data bank and clearing house for information on the voluntary sector, rural technologie rurad san l development. • Facilitating community actio developmentr nfo . • Building awareness on critical development issues. Buildin strengthenind gan g village-level peopl organizationsd ean . • Promoting the development and dissemination of appropriate rural technologies. • Strengthening the capacities of voluntary organizations in rural areas. CAPART (Council for Advancement of People's Action & Rural Technology)

• Creating employment opportunitie economid san c self-reliance. Creation of community assets and fulfillment of basic needs. • Conservatio regeneratiod nan environmene th f no naturad tan l resources. • Enabling women, persons with disabilitie othed san r disadvantaged group particiso t - pat developmenten i .

In pursuit of these goals, CAPART provides financial and resource support to voluntary organization conceptualizingsn i , developin implementind gan widga e rang projectf eo d san development interventions.

CAPART receives the bulk of its funds from the Government of India. We also have partnerships with international donor facilitato st e routin f fundgo voluntaro st y organizations workin r ruragfo l development.

CAPART functions throug followine hth g divisions:

Rural technology nationaAe sth l nodal agenc promotior yfo ruraf no l technologies, CAPART supports projects under the Advancement of Rural Technologies (ARTS) scheme, for adaptation and disseminatio f existinno g technologies wels developmen,a s innovativa ld an w ne ef o trura l technologies. Schemes for technology transfer through training for voluntary workers and member f ruraso l communitie alse soar supported.

This division coordinate networsa f 1ko 8 Technology Resource Center promoto st d ean build capacities for technology transfer in the voluntary sector. A newsletter, the TRC Bulle- tin, shares information on new technologies and path breaking innovations. Apart from suppor voluntaro t y agencies, this division also supports individual innovators developn ,i - ing adapting and commercializing appropriate technologies. Similarly, direct support is provide o rurat d l artisans throug a schemh r distributiofo e f toolkitso n .

List Technologiesof • Fire Proof Thatch Earth Resistivity Meter Rain Water Harvesting Geodesic Dome • Improved Crematorium Hydram • NADEP Composting Technology Single Phase Welding Transformer Coconut Leaf Thatch Roofing Gasification • TARA Handloom Water Mills • Random Rubble Blocks Vermiculture Guna Tile Roofing Lantana Utilization • Ferro Cement Roofing Solar Photovoltaic Technology The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Public Cooperation/Organisatio f BeneficiarienO s

The PC Division works wit broae hth d mandat f facilitatineo g people's movement r rurasfo l development. Project r sociasfo l mobilizatio challengno t e oppressiv unjusd ean t social structure projectd san creato st e condition r empowermensfo rurae th f l o tpoo supe ar r - ported. The division also supports composite multi dimensional schemes aiming at increasing production and employment opportunities for the small and marginal farmers. Under the scheme for promotion of voluntary action for rural development it promotes innovative schemes not covered under any other programme of CAPART. New sub-guidelines forme Micro-Planningn do , Micro-Finance, Drought proofin Disasteg& r Mitigation. scheme Th e also supports empowermen f weakeo t r section Bonde, sST , likedSC labour, child labour, women, disabled etc. helping the mgettinn i g their rights even through mass- mobilisation. Transparenc righd informatioyan o t t capacitn& y building for focae mth l area fundingf so .

Disability Action

The Disability Action Division was set up in 1995 to facilitate the equalization of opportunities for people with disabilities in rural development. Support is provided to innovative projects, which promote social mobilisation and community-based action on disability issues. Focus areas include formation of village-level organisations and self-help groups of people with disabilities, capacity building for development workers, rural artisans and people with disabilitie developmenr sfo appropriatf to e technologie economid san c skills supd ,an - port to initiatives for self-employment. Facilitation centers for training have been set up.

CAPAR firse th t Ts nationai mandate th "Persone ln agenco th t f eo ac so yt with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protectio f Rightno Fuld slan Participation)" Act. 1996 earmard an , k three per cent of its resources for people with disabilities.

Watershed Development

The Watershed Development Division constituted in March 1995 works towards the integrated developmen f micro-watershedo t rurasn i l areas. Conservatio regeneratiod nan f no watersoid an l , enhancin biomase gth productivitd san ecosystee th f yo provisiod man f no employmen economid an t c opportunitie communitye th o st prioritiese ar , CAPARe Th . T assistanc dividees i d among four component cenr watersher pe tfo 5 7 s- d treatment/development work, fivcenr epe t eac communitr hfo y organisatio trainind n an cenr 1d 5pe g tan for meeting administrative overheads/Entry Point Activity. Emphasi traininn o s i g through support voluntary Organizations (Vos).

62 Profiles of Government and Donor Programmes

Donor Agencies The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector In India

64 Asian Development Bank

37, Golf Links, Archbishop Makarios Marg Delhw Ne ,- i11 3 000 Phone: (011) 4692578 Fax:(011)4636175

Key Personnel

ALEX K jORGENSEN, Senior Project Implementation Officer E-mail: [email protected]

M ALAM, Project Implementation Officer E-mail; [email protected]

w SUBRAMANIAN, Investment officer E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: US$ 1929.62 million (Loan: US$ 1604.62 million)

Key Priorities/ Asian Development Bank Water and Environmental Sanitation Policy Future Directions/ The strategic development objective Bane five-folde th f kar s o : Policies Promoting economic growth; • Reducing poverty; • Supporting human development; Improvin statue gth f womenso d ;an • Protecting the environment.

The primary objectiv givea f eo n Bank-assisted urban development project depende th n so nature of physical investments and the relative composition of such investments across several sub-sectors accordancn I . e wit Bank'e hth s classification system primare ,th y objectiv sucf eo h sector project typically, sis promoto ,t e human development. However, investments in urban infrastructure and housing often have positive, secondary impacts on reducing poverty, promoting economic growth, improving the status of women and protecting the environment.

Key Document: India's Urban Sector Strategy, Asian Development Bank, 1998.

65 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

In India, the Bank's overall strategic thrust is to assist the government in promoting effi- cien sustalnabld tan e economic growt improvho t e employment opportunitie reducd san e poverty. By supporting the development of urban infrastructure, providing long term funds r housinfo g finance developind an , g sustainable mechanism delivere th r f sfo sociay o l services, the Bank is increasingly integrating social welfare concerns into the strategy.

Throug technicas hit l assistanc lendind ean g programmes Bane ,th k will also promote policy reform measures to address the existing legal, institutional, and financial problems con- fronting the urban sector. These reform measures will be aimed at liberalising the land and housing markets to attract greater private sector investment into the sector. The Bank's urban sector programmes in India will also incorporate capacity building and institutional strengthening initiatives aime t promotinda g sustainable urban management.

The approach towards India's urban secto consistens i r t wit Bank'e hth s Country Opera- tional Strategy, particularly in addressing the social dimensions of population and economic growth in India. It advocates that the Bank pursues a more State-focused intervention strategy in areas/sectors under State government domain. Urban Infrastructure is specifically identified as one area of proposed Bank support for social interventions within the State-focused operations. Althoug Bank'e hth s current assistance programm focusees i dn i Stateso tw , namely Gujara Madhyd an t a Pradesh, this doe t necessarilsno y limi geoe th t - graphic scope of the Bank's urban sector assistance programme in India at the national level. Future technical assistance and lending activity in the urban sector will be deter- mined in close consultation with the government and will reflect priority issues and problems facing India's urban areas.

The Bank's principal activity in the urban infrastructure and services sub-sector will be to finance Integrated Urban Development Projects (lUDPs). However efforn a develon o i ,t p more sustainable mechanisms to finance urban infrastructure and to improve local governments' access to capital, the Bank is investigating the feasibility of creating an urban environmental infrastructure fund to achieve these objectives.

Future lUDP Indin si a shoul demand-drivene db , wit criteriy hke a being local governments' willingnes initiatso t e policy reform measure projecte parth s absorptio sf e a o t Th . n capac- f locao y lit governments shoul reflectee db overale th dn i l desig f lUDPsno ; projects should be reasonable sizscoped ean , bot numbeterme hn i th f s o f projec o r t town investd san - ment sub-sectors facilitato t , e smooth implementation extene th o T t . possible, project execution shoul througe db h existing institutions, particularly local governmentsn a n i , effort to strengthen their capacities in the areas of urban planning, financial management, project implementation, procuremen communitd tan y development. lUDPs should alse ob used to introduce and implement different cost-recovery mechanisms and privatisation measures, especially for water supply and solid waste sub-projects to ensure financial sustainability.

In an effort to respond to India's urban and environmental infrastructure investment needs, the Bank is providing technical assistance to the Government of India to structure the pro- Asian Development Bank

posed Urban and Environmental Infrastructure Fund (UEIF) to attract both public and private sector capital, to finance commercially viable projects. Technical assistance leading to the development of UEIF includes (i) analysis of investment requirements and the potential for commercialisation; (ii) analysi f policso implementatiod yan n issue constraintsd san ; (iii) evaluatio f optionno financingr sfo , including Bank assistanc mobilisinen i g domestic cur- rency funds; (iv) evaluation of fund structure options; (v) evaluation of project preparation award an d processes (vid );an specificatio f conditionno incentived san attractinr sfo g official development financin privatd gan e sector participation.

The UEIF is also consistent with India's Mega City Scheme, a centrally sponsored programme aime t financinda g urban infrastructure developmen citiee th f Calcutta so n i t , Mumbai, Chennai, Hyderabad and Bangalore. The scheme involves pooling of funds between the Central governmen Statd an te government cenr pe 25:2tn s 0 I balanc5 5e ratioth s d eI ;an mobilise institutionas da l finance, either through financial institution capitae th r so l market. The funds under the scheme are channelled through a specialised Institution/nodal agency at the State level that, in turn, provides project-related finance for urban infrastructure projects. Criteria for receiving project funding include the adoption of appropriate means, either direct or indirect, to recover costs. Priority is given to projects that include private sector participation.

The Bank views UEIF as a principal means of financing individual sub-projects covering water supply, waste water, solid waste and industrial estate infrastructure development. Policy reform initiatives would include the institution of market-based user charges and tariffs, potential changes to the Income Tax Act to allow for sharing depreciation deduc- tion jointlf so y owned assets institutioe ,th governmenf no t guarantee risd ksan mitigation measures, and different means to streamline the permitting and approval process for UEIF projects. Projects: Current

Project Name Location: Karnataka

Loan No. 1415-IND: Karnataka Urban Value 11$ 2 US :millio n million5 (Loan8 $ US :) Infrastructure Development Project Contact: Alex K Jorgensen, Senior Project Implementation Officer M Alam, Project Implementation Officer

Start Date: 14 December 1995

Completion Date Jun0 3 : e 2002

Kev Partner: Urban Development Department, Karnataka Urban Infrastructure, Developmen Financd tan e Corporation

Kev Words: urban water supply, urban sanitation, solid waste management, capacity building, cost recovery

67 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

Project Name Location: Karnataka

Loan No. 1416-IND: Karnataka Urban millio0 Value2 $ nUS : (Loan) Infrastructure Development Project Contact: Alex K. Jorgensen, Senior Project Implementation Officer M. Alam, Project Implementation Officer

Start Date.-14 December 1995

Completion Date: 30 June 2002

Key Partner: Housing Development Finance Corporation Ltd.

Key Words: urban water supply, urban sanitation, solid waste disposal, capacity building, cost recovery

Project Name Location-. Rajasthan

Loan No. 1647-IND: Rajasthan Urban Value: US$ 362 million (Loan: US$ 250 million) Infrastructure Development Project Contact: Alex K Jorgensen, Senior Project Implementation Officer Alam. M , Project Implementation Officer.

Start Date: 3 December 1998

Completion Date: 30 June 2005

Key Partner: Urban Development Department, Governmen f Rajasthao t n

Key Words: urban water supply, urban sanitation, solid waste disposal, capacity building, cost recovery

Project Name location: National

Housing Finance Loan Nos.: millio0 Value30 n$ (Loan:US ) 1549, 1550 155d ,an o 1t (I) National Housing Bank; Contact Kandiah:T , Senior Investment/Programs Officer (ii) Housin Urbad gan n SubramanianVV , Investment Officer Development Corporation; Start Date Septembe5 2 : r 1997 (iii) Housing Development Finance Corporation Completion Date-. 30 June 2003

Key Partner: National Housing Bank, Housin Urbad gan n Development Corporation, Housing Development Finance Corporation

Key Words: private sector participation, transforming institutions, managemenf o t service providers Asian Development Bank

Project Name location: Karnataka

Loan N0.1704-IND: Karnataka Urban Value: US$ 251 million (Loan: US$175 million) Development and Coastal Contact: Alex K. Jorgensen, Senior Project Implementation Officer Environmental Management M Alam, Project Implementation Officer

Start Date Octobe6 2 : r 1999

Completion Date: 30 June 2005

Key Partner: Urban Development Department, Karnataka Urban Infrastructure, Developmen Financd tan e Corporation

Key Words: urban water supply, urban sanitation, solid waste disposal, capacity building, cost recovery

Protect Name Location: National

Urba Environmentad nan l Value: US$ 200 million (Loan) Infrastructure Facility Loan Contact: Alex K. jorgensen, Sr. Project Implementation Officer Nos.1719, 1720, and 1721 to M. Alam, Project Implementation Officer (i) Housing* Urban Development Corp. Ltd; Start Date: 17 December 1999 (ii) ICICI Ltd and i) Infrastructure Development Completion Date: September 2006 Finance Co. Ltd. Kev Partner: HUDCO, ICICI IDFd an ,C

Key Words: community participation, cost recovery, demand assessment, hygiene promotion, operation and maintenance, policy reform, private sector participation, public sector reform, technical studies

Project Name Location: New Delhi

TA No.3423-IND: Environmental Value: US$ 3,620,000 (Grant) Managemen State th t ea t Level Contact: Ale jorgensen. xK . Senior Project Implementation Officer M. Alam, Project Implementation Officer

Start Date: October 2000

Completion Date: December 2002

Kev Partner: Ministry of Environment and Forest

Kev Words: cost recovery, environment, environmental health, managemen f servicto e providers, operations and maintenance, policy reform, technical studies

69 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector In India

Project Name Location: New Delhi

TA N0.3344-IND: Strengthening Value: US$ 500,000 (Grant) Microfinance Institutions for Urban and Contact: Ale JorgensenxK , Senior Project Implementation Officer Environmental Infrastructure Finance M Alam, Project Implementation Officer

Start Date: October 2000

Completion Date Apri0 :3 l 2002

Key Partner: Housin Urbad gan n Development Corporatiod nLt

Key Words: cost recovery, demand assessment, environment, hygiene promotion, micro financing, NGOs, policy reform, research, urban sanitation

Project Name Location: New Delhi

TA No. 3209-IND: Strengthening Institu- Value: US$ 500,000 (Grant) tional Capacities for Urban Infrastructure Financ Developmend ean t Contact: Alex K Jorgensen, Senior Project Implementation Officer M Alam, Project Implementation Officer

Start Date: 21 September 1999

Completion Date: 31 December 2000

Key Partner: Ministr f Urbayo n Affair Employmend san t

Key Words-, cost recovery, demand assessment, management of service providers, operatio maintenanced nan , policy reform, public sector reform, research, urban sanitation

Protect Name Location: New Delhi

. 3365-INDTANo : Capacity Value: US$ 800,000 (Grant) Building for Social Development Contact: Ale JorgensenxK , Senior Project Implementation Officer M Alam, Project Implementation Officer

Start Date: 28 January 2000

Completion Date Decembe1 :3 r 2001

Key Partner: Ministry of Urban Affairs and Employment

• Kev Words: cost recovery, demand assessment, management of service providers, operatio maintenanced nan , policy reform, public sector reform, research

70 Asian Development Bank

Projects: Proposed

Project Name Location: West Bengal

Calcutta Environmental Value: US$ 360.0 million (Loan: US$ 250.0 million) Improvement Project Contact: Alex K jorgensen. Senior Project Implementation Officer M Alam, Project Implementation Officer

Key Partner Calcutte :Th a Municipal Corporation

Key Words: urban water supply, urban sanitation, solid waste disposal, capacity building, cost recovery

Project Name Location: Delhi

Reducing Povert Urbayn i n India Value: US$ 300,000 (Grant: US$ 300,000)

Contact: Ale jorgensenxK . Senior Project Implementation Officer M Alam, Project Implementation Officer

Start Date: November 2000

Completion Date: November 2001

Key Partner: Ministry of Urban Development

Key Words: cost recovery, demand assessment, health, hygiene promotion, management of service providers, poverty, policy reform, urban sanitation

Project Name Location: National

Housing Finance II millio0 Value30 $ n (Loan:US )

Contact: T Kandiah, Senior Investment/Programs Officer SubramanianVV , Investment Officer

Start Date-. August 2000

Completion Date: September 2005

Key Partner: Infrastructure Development Finance Corporation, Housing Urban Development Corporation, Housing Development Finance Corporation

Key Words: private sector participation, transforming institutions, management of service providers The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India AusAID AusAID Australian Agenc r Internationayfo l Development (India Programme)

Development Co-operation Section, Australian High Commis- sion, 1/50G Shantipath, Chanakyapuri, New Delh - 11002i 1 Phone: (011) 688 8223, 688 5556, 687 3025 Fax:(011)6887492

Numbe f wate o rsanitatio d an r n professional staff in-houso N : e specialists basen di Delhi. Specialists sourced from Advisory Services Grou AusAipn i d Canberra.

Key Personnel

KERRY GROVES.First Secretary (DC) E-mail: [email protected]

RAMESH SUBRAMANIAN, Senior Project Officer (Urban WES) E-mail: [email protected]

SUSAN KOSHY, Senior Project Officer (Rural WES) E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: Overall approximatel millio0 2 D ny AU annuall y (Grant)

Key Priorities/ AusAID's Regional Water and Environmental Sanitation Policy Future Directions/ The South Asian region faces growing environmental problems, coastal erosion growd ,an - Policies ing urban and industrial pollution. Environmental problems are especially serious in India due to rapid urbanisation, dense housing, urban slums, and rapid industrialisation. India has developed an environmental strategy, a legal framework, institutions, and programs. Water resource management has become a central need in many parts of rural India where scarcit surfacf yo e wate depletiod ran f grounno d wate creates ha r d serious stres drinkn so - ing water and household needs and on community livelihoods.

73 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector IndiaIn

Australia will continue its assistance in the areas of (a) upgradation of water sanitation seweragd an e service polic) s(b y assistanc suppor) e(c t towards institutional development capacitd an y buildin wate) g(d r resource managemen addres) (e t neede sth f vulnerso - able communities particularly the poor and women.

Projects: Current

Prolect Name i Location-. Karnataka

Bangalore Water Supply and Environmen- '•• Value-. Rs 20 crore estimated (AUD 7.7 million - Grant) l Sanitatiota n Master Plan Project Contact: Kerry Groves, First Secretary, Development Co-operation Section

Start Date: Mav 2000

; Completion Date: April 2000

Key Partner: Bangalore Water Suppl Seweragy& e Board

Key Words: urban water supply, urban sanitation, environment, poverty, hygiene promotion, policy reform, solid waste management, community participation, NGOs, transforming institutions, capacity building, public sector reform, gender, cost recovery, water quality, water resources management, research

Projects: Proposed

Project Name Location: Sikkim

Ganglok Urban Water Supply and Environ- Value-. AUD 36 million (Rs 94 crores - Grant, over two phases) mental Sanitation Project Contact: Kerry Groves, First Secretary, Development Co-operation Section

Start Date: April 2001 (expected)

Completion Date: 2009

Kev Partner: Public Health Engineering Department, Governmen f Sikkio t m

Key Words: urban water supply, urban sanitation, environment, poverty, hygiene ; promotion, policy reform, solid waste management, community participation, NGOs, ! transforming institutions, capacity building, public sector reform, gender, cost recovery, water quality, water resources management, research

74 Australian Agency for International Development

Project Name Location-. Meghalaya

Shillong Urban Environmental Sanitation Value: ADD 10-15 millio Cror 7 l Grant3 nAl - e o (about 5 )2 s R t Services Improvement Project Contact: Kerry Groves, First Secretary, Development Co-operation Section

Start Date: April 2001 (expected)

Completion Date: 5-7 years project time-frame

Kev Partner: Public Health Engineering Department, Government of Meghalaya

Project Name location.- Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh Rural Communities Water Value: AUD 10-11 million (about Rs 25-27 Crore - All Grant) Resources and Environmental Sanitation Awareness Project Contact: Alex Knox, Second Secretary, Development Co-operation

Kev Partner: Public Health Engineering Department, Governmen f Madhyo t a Pradesh

Kev Words: community participation, environment, gender, health, hygiene promotion, NGOs, water quality, water resources management

Projects under consideration

Hamirpur Rural Water Suppl Sanitatioy& n Project Contact: Alex Knox

Completed Projects

Orissa Groundwater Development Project Keshopur Sewage Management Project

75 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India Canada Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)

Canadian High Commission, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-110 021 Phone:(011)6876500 Fax:(011)6886478

Numbe f wate o rsanitatio d ran n professional staff: Wate environmentad ran l sanitation Specialists sourced from consultants

Key Personnel

STEVEN RAYFIELD, Counsellor, Development E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: Canadia millio6 7 n$ n (Grant Aid)

Key Priorities/ CIDA Water and Environmental Sanitation Policy Future Directions/ . . . „ . ,. . . . , .. . DBasic human need sespeciall- y primary health care, basic education, family planning, rOIICieS nutrition, water and sanitation, and shelter. • Wome developmenn i - tsuppor provides ti ensurdo t fule elth participatio womef no n as equal partners in the sustainable development of their society. • Suppor infrastructurr fo t e- emphasi places i pooren do r population groupn o d san capacity building. Human rights, democracy, good governanc ensuro t e- e respec r humafo t n rights, including children's right and to strengthen both civil society and the security of the individual. • Private sector developmen promoto t - t e sustaine equitabld dan e economic growth by supporting private sector development. Environment - to help developing countries protect their environment and to contribute to addressing global and regional environmental issues.

The Canadiagoale th f so n co-operation with India are:

• To promote sustainable development. « To contribute to the transition to a mature economic and political relationship between India and Canada.

J2_ TTje Water Environmentald an Sanitation Sector Indian i

To promote economi sociad can l policy reform Indian si . • To contribute to India's capacity to promote environmentally sound development. • To assist in building a stronger economic relationship between India's and Canada's private sectors.

Support to the governance process and gender-equity, and promoting increased and effective participatio vulnerable th f no e section populatioe th f so governancn i developd ean - ment integratee ,ar Canadiadn i n co-operation. Programme delivery emphasize cone sth - cept of partnership through promotion of cross-cultural linkages.

Canadian development co-operation seeks to go beyond government-to-government rela- broadebasie a th r tionship sy fo la r d alliancsan e buil privatn o t e (profi non-profitd an t ) initiatives and institutional partnerships in areas of mutual interest and benefit. These areas include support to India's social and economic policy reforms, the environment and long term business relationships. Projects: Current

Project Name Location: Rajasthan

Rajasthan Agricultural Drainage Value: Canadian $ 62.07 million (Grant) Research Project Contact: Steven Rayfleld, Counsellor, Development

Start Date: 1987

Completion Date: December 2000

Key Partner: Governmen f Rajasthao t n

Key Words: capacity building, environment, operatio maintenanced nan , technical studies, research, rural water supply, water resources management

Project Name Location: Karnataka

Environment Regeneration Project Value: Canadian $ 1.035 million (Grant)

Contact: Steven Rayfield, Counsellor, Development

Completion Date: 2003

Key Partner: Myrada, Bangalore

Key Words: capacity building, community participation, environment, NGOs, technical ! studies, transforming institutions, water resources management Canadian International Development Agency

Project Name Location: Kerala

Sustainable Drinking Water Supply Value: Canadia n1.9$ 8 million (Grant) in the Humid Tropics of Kerala Contact: Steven Rayfleld, Counsellor, Development

Start Date: 1998

Completion Date: 2003

Key Partner: Malanadu Development Society

Key Words: capacity building, community participation, demand assessment, hygiene promotion, NGOs, operation and maintenance, research, transforming institutions, water quality, water resources management

Project Name Location: Karnataka

Water Resource Developmen Energd tan y Value: Canadia 2.4n$ 0 million (Grant) Conservation for Sustainable Management of the Environment Contact: Steven Rayfield, Counsellor, Development

Completion Date: 2001

Key Partner: BAIF, Pune

Key Words: capacity building, community participation, demand assessment, environment, environmental health, NGOs, operation and maintenance, poverty, research, technical studies, transforming institutions, water quality, water resources management

Project Name Location: Rajasthan

Integrated Watershed Management Value: Canadian $ 1.16 million (Grant) and Water Storage in Pushkar Lake, Contact: Steven Rayfield, Counsellor, Development Ajmer District Start Date: 1997

Completion Date: 2000

Key Partner: Directorat Watershef eo d Developmen Conservationd tan , Governmenf to Rajasthan.

Kev Words.- capacity building, community participation, demand assessment, environment, research, technical studies, transforming institutions, water quality, water resources management The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector IndiaIn

Project Name Location: East Coas f Indio t a

Coastal Wetlands Mangrove Value: Canadian $ 3.81 million (Grant) Conservatio Managemend nan t Contact: Steven Rayfield, Counsellor, Development

Completion Date: 2001

Key Partner: M S Swaminathan Research Foundation

Key Words: capacity building, community participation, environment, environmental health, NGOs, technical studies, transforming institutions, water resources management

Protect Name Location: Manipur

Sustainable Developmen Wated an t r Value: Canadia 5.5n$ 3 million (Grant) Resource Management of Loktak Lake Contact: Steven Rayfield, Counsellor, Development

Start Date: 1998

Completion Date: 2003

Key Partner: Loktak Development Agency, Manipur

Key Words: capacity building, community participation, environment, environmental health, technical studies, transforming institutions, water resources management

Project Name Location: Orlssa

Waste Water Treatment Using Aquacululre Value 7.2s R : 8 cfore (Grant)

Contact: Steven Rayfield, Counsellor, Development

Start Date: October 2000

Completion Date: October 2005 ;

Kev Partner: CENDERET, BhubaneshwaI CIFAd ran , Bhubaneshwar

Key Words: capacity building, community participation, demand assessment, environ- \ ment, hygiene promotion, operatio maintenanced nan , research, technical studies, i transforming institutions, water quality, water resourcej s management

so Canadian international Development Agency

Project Name Location: Lakshadweep Islands

Management of Freshwater Resources in Value: Rs 6.74 crore (Grant) Lakshadweee th p Islands Contact: Steven Rayfield, Counsellor, Development

Start Date: October 2000

Completion Date: July 2005

Key Partner: Centre for Water Resources Development & Management, Kozhlkode-673571

Key Words: capacity building, community participation, demand assessment, environment, hygiene promotion, operatio maintenanced nan , research, technical studies, transforming institutions, water quality, water resources management The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector IndiaIn

82 DAN I DA

Royal Danish Embassy, 11, Aurangzeb Road, New Delhi 110011 Phone: (011) 301 0900 Fax:(011)3792019

Number of water and sanitation professional staff.- 65 (35 in Karnataka and 30 in Tamil Nadu)

Key Personnel

JES C BOYE MOLLER, Min. Counsellor of Embassy E-mail: [email protected]

VIJAY KUMAR, Senior Programme Officer E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: DKK 180 million (Grant Aid)

Project Offices Project Office1 Project Office 3 (Tamil Nadu) (Tamil Nadu) Project Management Group, Danida, District Task Force (Villupuram), Danida, 6, Dhandapani Nagar, Cuddalor1 00 7 e60 The Collectorate, Villupuram, Tamil Nadu Contact: Lennart Nilson, Chief Adviser Contact: A Devaraj, DCU-in-Charge, Phone: (04142) 330 178, 330 119 Danida Adviser Fax:(04142)330877 Phone:(04146)24703 E-mail: wspdan@giasmd01 .vsnl.net.ln Fax: (04146) 233 57

Project Office 2 Project Office4 (Tamil Nadu) (Karnataka) District Task Force (Cuddalore), Danida, Project Advisory Group, Danida DRDA Office Complex, Contact: Hans Anderskouv, Chief Adviser Beach Road, Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu Claes Clifford, Senior Adviser Water Contact: C Rajathi, DCU-in-Charge, Resources and Water Supply Danida Adviser R Kullappa, SeniorAdviser (Social) Phone:(04142)30438 Phone: (080) 333 1020 Fax: 444(0803 33 9) E-mail: danadvic@giasbg01 .vsnl.net.in The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector In India

Project Office 5 Project Office 7 District Co-ordination Unit, Kolar 1s1 Floor, District Co-ordination Unit (Bijapur), D.O.R Building OfficC D , e Compound, Danida, Ashirwad, 118, Viveknagar, Kolar-563 101 Ward No.7, Bijapur-586 101 Contact: R Shivappa, DCU-in-Charge, Contact: LVR Reddy, DCU-in-Charge, Danida Adviser Danida Adviser Phone:(08152)24056 Phone: (083522 2 6 23 )

Project Office6 District Co-ordination Unit (Chitradurga), Danida BuildingO NG , RoadD P , , Chitradurga Contact: Sujatha M, DCU-in-Charge, Danida Adviser Phone:(08194)20544

Key Priorities/ DANIDA Water and Environmental Sanitation Policy Future Directions/ Policies India has been a partner in Danish development assistance programmes for several decades in the health, water and sanitation, agriculture and environmental sectors. The main features of Danish support had been to assist in problem identification and development of innovative solutions. So far, the focus has always been to directly relate to National Sector Policies and to focus, on a broader scale, on long-term capacity development. The support has aimed at introduction of technical and institutional innovations to develop institutional capacit t grassrooya t level long-tera n so m sustainable basis.

The strategy for Danish Development Assistance, as defined in A Developing World Strateg r Developmenyfo t Policy toward Yeae sth r 2000 accent followinge sth :

• Promoting women' sdevelopmene rolth en i t process. • Promoting environmentally sustainable development. Promoting democratisation, human rights, and popular participation.

DANIDA: Current Priorities

The current strategy emphasises a sector programme support approach instead of isolated project-based assistance hitherto provided by Danida. Sector programme support will be provided for an established set of policies, strategies, activity programmes and activity component, rather tha specifin no c sector issues demarcated problems. Danid continuinas i g wit activitiee hth s that were committe pre-199e th n di 8 scenari takins i d goan necessary steps, along wit GOI/state hth e government institutionaliso st innovativw ne e - eth eap proaches with focus on the following:

Key Document: A Developing World Strategy for Development Policy towards the Year 2000. Royal Danish Embassy

• Demand-driven approach entailing user participation right from inception to implementatio schemea f no . (Suppor democratisatioo t t decentralisatiod nan f no authority). • Capital cost sharing. Ownin f schemeo p gu usery b stakind san theip gu r O&M through community involvement.

In an endeavour to sustain environment-friendly programmes in the water sector, Danida supports the following:

Promote appropriate legislative measure water sfo r resources managemen centrat a t l statd an e level(s). Promot furtheo en r ground water developmen dare th kn i tareas . • Promote sustainable water quality surveillance systems. • Promote conditions for suitable involvement of women in development of water sector. Emphasis on capacity building for multi-disciplinary and multi-dimensional treatment of water sector. This implies more 'software' rather than 'hardware' support, for which enough capacity and capability exists within government agencies.

Danida supports the following decisions of GOI/state government and wishes to incorporate them in programme formulation:

• Formulatio statf no e level water policy based upon National Water Policy (1987). "Water to be managed as a commodity exactly in the same way as any other resource." • "Suppl f wateyo consumero t r s based upo principae nth f effectivo l e demand which should broadly correspon standare th do t servicf do e tha usere willintth e sar maingo t - tain, operate and finance." • "Local bodies (Panchaya j institutions/locatRa l administration) shoul made db e responsible for the operation and maintenance of the system installed." "Local bodies (Panchaya institutions/locaj Ra t l administration) shoul free d b lev o et y and raise appropriate user charges for drinking water and sanitation services, whereby servicee th s become self sustaining." "Appropriate link forged between water supply and environmental sanitation."

With the above common ground between the GDI and Danida sector support policies, Danida aim integrato st activities eit watee th n sri sector programmes with those th f eo government using the existing government machinery. Danida's projects typically have a joint team of state government deputed and Danida-appointed project staff at project management, district co-ordination and field level offices. projectw None envisagee sar watee environmentad th dn ran i l sanitation sector. Aftee rth events of 1998, all Danida projects in water sector would be phased out not later than 2008. This would however be done only after making the projects sustainable and the concepts institutionalised.

85 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Projects: Current

Project Name location: Tamil Nadu

Water and Sanitation Project Value: DKK 77 million (Grant DKK 60 million) (WASDEP) Contact: Vijay Kumar, Senior Programme Officer, Danida

Start Date: October 1996

Completion Date: March 2004

Key Partner: Department of Rural Development, Government of Tamil Nadu

Key Words: capacity building, community participation, cost recovery, hygiene, management of service providers, operation and maintenance, rural sanitation, rural water supply, solid waste management, transforming institutions, water resources management

Project Name Location: Karnataka

Rural Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Value: DKK 103 Million (Grant: DKK 81.9 million) Project Contact: Vijay Kumar, Senior Programme Officer, Danida

Start Date: 1996

Completion Date: September 2000 (Revision upto March 2002 under consideration)

Key Partner: Department of Rural Development and Panchayat Raj, Government, Karnataka

Key Words: capacity building, community participation, cost recovery, health, hygiene, managemen f servico t e providers, micro financing, operatio maintenanced nan , poverty, rural sanitation, rural water supply, solid waste management, transforming institutions, water resources management Danida's Watershed Development Co-ordination Unit

11/1, Sarvapriya Vihar, New Delhi - 110 016 Phone: (011) 686 1904, 686 1905, 652 6384 Fax: (011 6382 )65 5

Key Personnel

PALL ANDERSENEC , Programme Co-ordinator E-mail: wdcu@giasd!01 .vsnl.net.in

Sector Programme Size: Rs 1079.78 million

Project Offices Karnataka Watershed Comprehensive Watershed Development, Bljapur Development Project, "Sangamesh" Vivek Nagar (East) Ramanathapuram Basavanabagawadi Road, Bijapur- 586 101 Plot No. 421, Ground Floor, Vth Main Road Phone: (083526 8 5 76 ) K.K. Nagar, Madura 0205 ,62 - iTami l Nadu. Fax: (08352) 770 68 Phone: (0452) 580 457 E-mail: [email protected] Fax: 2 (045280 0 58 ) E-mail: [email protected] Comprehensive Watershed Development Project, Koraput Comprehensive Watershed Sambartota, Bell Road ,Pet P.OR aP : Development Project, Jeypor e- 76 4 003, Orissa Malwa Region, MP Phone: (068546 9 2 40 ) 58, Pratap Nagar, Ratlam - 457 001 Fax: (06854) 407 56 Madhya Pradesh E-mail: [email protected] Phone: (07412) 310 18 Fax:(07412)42001 Comprehensive Watershed e-mail: [email protected] Development Project, Tirunelveli NO.3&4, Apollo Colony, Pothighai Nagar Road, Tirunelveli - 627 007, Tamil Nadu Phone:(0462)552617 Fax0 : (046213 2 55 )- E-mail: [email protected] The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Key Priorities/ Poverty Reduction Future Directions/ Gender Equity Policies Restoratio f Environmentano l Health Sustainabl Crosd e an Lan se RoutdUs e Democracy

Projects: Current

Project Name location: Karnataka

Karnataka Watershed Development Project value-. Rs 210 million (Grant)

Contact: Palle C Andersen

Start Date:: June 1997

Completion Date 200y :4Ma

Key Partner: Directorate of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Governmen f Karnatako t a

Key Words: Community participation, demand assessment, environment, gender, micro financing, NGOs, poverty, research, technical studies, transforming institutions

Project Name '. Location: Orissa

Comprehensive Watershed Development Value: Rs 132.5 million (Grant) Project, Koraput Contact: Palle C Andersen

Start Date-. -. October 1992

; Completion Date: March, 2003

Key Partner: Directorate of Soil Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of Orissa

| Key Words- Community participation, demand assessment, environment, gender, : micro financing, NGOs, poverty, research, technical studies, transforming institutions

88 Danlda's Watershed Development co-ordination unit

Project Name Location: Tamil Nadu

Comprehensive Watershed Development Value: Value: Rs 417.25 million (Grant) Project, Tirunelveli Contact: Palle C Andersen

Start Date: August 1994

Completion Date: March 2003

Key Partner: Agriculture Engineering Department, Ministr Agriculturef yo , GovN T f o t

Key Words: Community participation, demand assessment, environment, gender, micro financing, NGOs, poverty, research, technical studies, transforming institutions

Project Name Location: Tamil Nadu

Comprehensive Watershed Development Value: Rs 140.5 million (Grant) Project, Ramanathapuram Contact: Palle C Andersen

Start Date: March 1994

Completion Date: December 2001

Key Partner: Agriculture Engineering Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of Tamil Nadu

Key Words: Community participation, demand assessment, environment, gender, micro financing, NGOs, poverty, research, technical studies, transforming institutions

Project Name Location: Madhya Pradesh

Comprehensive Watershed Development Value 131.5s R : 3 million (Grant) Project, Malwa Region, Madhya Pradesh Contact: Palle C Andersen

Start Date: March 1994

Completion Date: March 2002

Key Partner: Departmen Agriculturef to , Ministr Agriculturef yo , Govt Madhyf .o a Pradesh

Key Words: Community participation, demand assessment, environment, gender, micro financing, NGOs, poverty, research, technical studies, transforming institutions

89 77?e Water Environmentald an Sanitation Sector Indian I

90 DFID (India) Department for International Development

B 28, Tara Crescent, Qutab Institutional Area, New Delhi 110016 Phone:(011)6529123 Fax:(011)6529296

Key Personnel

RICK WOODHAM, Programme Manager, Madhya Pradesh E-mail: [email protected]

BEN MELLOR, Programme Manager, Andhra Pradesh E-mail: [email protected]

PETER ZOLLER, Programme Manager, Orissa E-mail: [email protected]

PHILIP ROSE, Programme Manager, National & West Bengal E-mail: [email protected]

NIGEL KIRBY, Engineering Adviser, Convener Water Team E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: UK£ 100 million (Grant) across all sectors

State Representatives Madhya Pradesh Andhra Pradesh DFIDI Madhya Pradesh DFIDI Andhra Pradesh British High Commission British High Commission E-7/642, Arera Colony Sarovar Centre Near Central Bank, Bhopal462016 Secretariat Road, Hyderaba4 00 0 50 d Contact: Ashim Chowla Contact: R S Sharat Phone2 : 45 (0755 4 4514 29 ,29 ) Phone: (040) 324 2519, 321 0943 Fax:(0755)294453 Fax: (040) 323 0421 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] West Bengal DFIDI West Bengal Orissa British Deputyy High Commission, DFIDI Orissa, British High Commission 1 Ho Chi Minh Sarani, Calcutta 700 071 A/6 Forest Park, Bhubaneshwar 7510 09 Contact: Shumon Sengupta Phone: (0674 510 3593 253 ,53 ) Phone :1266 8 (03328 , ) 2881321 Fax: (0674) 30 228 Fax: (033) 288 3435 E-mail: [email protected] pmu. [email protected] .I The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

Key Priorities/ DFID's Key Priorities in India Future Directions/ The British Government White Paper "Eliminating World Poverty: A Challenge for the 21 st Policies Century" clearl f DFID' maio e y th setm t nsai sbilateraou programmed lai . DFID India's main work involves helping peopl fino et d long-term solution povertyo st provisioe .Th e th f no basic service f waterso , sanitation, healt educatiod han elementy seee ke ne ar s na th n si eliminatio f povertyno . DFID India's Country Strategy Paper outline DFIw sDho prioritiss eit wor Indikn i a towards:

• strengthenin capacite gth f governmenyo develoo t t implemend pan t pro-poor policies; and strengthening the accountability of government to those it represents. • promoting increased investmen educationn i t , healt clead han n water.. • supporting programmes which help poor people improve theilivelihoodsn ow r d an , which give poor people a bigger say in decisions affecting their lives. • promoting sustainable management of the earth's resources.

DFID Indi concentratinas i developinn go g partnerships with states which have large concentrations of poor people and are pursuing pro-poor policies, and is currently focusing on Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal and Orissa.

Wate Sanitatiod an r n Strategy

Water and sanitation form an integral part of DFID India's state programmes. Within these state programmes, priorities in water and sanitation focus on the need to:

• recognise wate bots economia rn hsociaa a d an l c good; • increase support for programmes that bring clean, safe water to poor people in a sustainable manner; • encourag thosl ehaval o interesn ee wh allocatioa - particularls it e n i tus d nan y women involvee b o t decisio- dn i n makin managemend gan watef o t r resourcesd an ; • adopt a comprehensive framework that takes account of impacts of water use on all aspect f socias o economi d an l c development.

The main focus of DFID India's work in water and sanitation is:

• promotin adoptioe gth demand-basea f no d approach whic participatorhs i based yan d on offering appropriate technology choices,- promoting the principles of cost recovery for operation and maintenance, and cost sharin capitar gfo l works; • promotin importance gth f improvineo qualite gth f botyo h drinking water suppld yan wastewater discharges; • working with project partners to increase understanding of the need for integrated water resources managementd an ; • working with project partner brinso t g about institutional reform which makes services providers more efficient, more accountabl mord ean e responsive.

92 Department Internationalfor Division

DFID India recognises that water and sanitation issues cannot be addressed in isolation. DFID India seeks to address these issues through integrated projects, linking water and sanitation with health, education, sustainable livelihood urbad san n poverty.

The strateg implementes yi d throug combinatioha f projectno partnershin si p with state governments, support to multilateral agencies, training and research. Increasingly DFID India aim woro st k with state government agreo st e suppor overaln a o t l frameworr kfo addressing poverty. DFID India maintains dialogue with the Government of India and state governments aimd contribut,an o s t e effectivel theio yt r policy.

DFID India seeks to collaborate with other donors, including the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank. DFID India also provides support to multilaterals, including the United Nation's Children' Watee s Sanitatioth d Fun d an r dan n Program Sout- h Asia, privatd ean NGO initiatives, where ther sharee ear d interest potentiaa d san l exist greater sfo r impact.

DFID India recognise importance sth f trainineo capacitd gan y buildin wategn i envid ran - ronmental sanitation, and supports both sector wide and project specific human resource development.

DFID's Knowledg Researcd ean h (KAR) programme supports important researc watehn i r and environmental sanitation, and makes efforts to disseminate the results and findings as widely as possible.

Projects: Current

Project Name Location: National

Urban Environmental Sanitation and Water Value: UK£ 0.8 million (Grant) for India: Capacity Building for National and Municipal Decision Makers Contact: Sriparna lyer. Programme Officer Nigel Kirby, Engineering Adviser

Start Date: 1998

Completion Date: 2001

Key Partner: Water and Sanitation Program - South Asia

Key Words: urban sanitation, urban water supply, transforming institutions, capacity building

93 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

Project Name location: Orissa & W.Bengal

UNICEF Contro f Diarrhoeao l l Diseases Value: UK£ 4.9 million (Grant) CDD-WATSAN Project Contact: Jaya Singh Verma, Programme Officer Nigel Kirby, Engineering Adviser

Completion Date: November 2000

Key Partner: UNICEF, Governmen f Orissato , Governmen f Westo t Bengal

Kev Words.- rural sanitation, rural water supply, community participation, hygiene promotion

Project Name Location: National

UNICEF/Governmen f Indio t a Child's Value: UK£ 17 million (Grant) Environment: Hygiene, Sanitation and Water Supply Programme Contact: Jaya Singh Verma, Programme Officer Nigel Kirby, Engineering Adviser

Start Date: January 1999

Completion Date: December 2003

Key Partner: UNICEF, Governmen f Indio t a

Kev Words: rural sanitation, rural water supply, hygiene promotion, NGOs, urban sanitation, urban water supply

Project Name Location: National

Management Development for Senior Value: UK£ 1.6 million (Grant) Urban Public Health Officials Contact: Sriparna lyer. Programme Officer Nigel Kirby, Engineering Adviser

Start Date: 1993

Completion Date: 2004

Key Partner: Ministry of Urban Affairs and Employment, WEDC, Administrative Staff College of India

Kev Words: urban sanitation, urban water supply, transforming institutions, capacity building Department for International Division

Project Name Location: National

Translating RWSS Policy Reforms into Value: UK£ 1.4 million (Grant) Reality: A Strategy for Change Contact: Sriparna lyer. Programme Officer Nigel Kirby, Engineering Adviser

Start Date: August 1998

Completion Date: March 2001

Key Partner: Development Support Centre Praktrut2 , i Apts CommercL H , e College Road, Navrangpura, Ahmedaba9 00 0 38 d -

Key Words: Rural, irrigation, management, NGO, participation

Prolect Name Location: Cuttack, Orissa

Cuttack Urban Services Value: UK£ 12.72 million (Grant) Improvement Project Contact: Taruna Sharma, Project Officer Simon Kenny, Engineering Adviser

Start Date: April 1998

Completion Date: March 2002

Key Partner: Ministr f Housinyo Urbad gan n Development, Bhubaneswar, Cuttack Municipal Corporation

Key Words: urban sanitation, urban water supply, solid waste management, transforming institutions, capacity building, operatio maintenancd nan e

Protect Name Location: Kerala

Cochin Urban Poverty Value: UK£ 11.95 million (Grant) Reduction Project Contact: Gopi Menon, Project Officer Simon Kenny, Engineering Adviser

Start Date: April 1998

Completion Date: December 2001

Kev Partner: Wate Sanitatiod ran n Program Sout- h Asia

Key Words: urban sanitation, urban water supply, solid waste management, transform- institutionsg in , capacity building, operatiod nan maintenance, poverty

95 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

Project Name Location: Andhra Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh Urban Value: UK£ 95 million (Grant) Service Pooe th r sfo Contact: Oopi Menon, Project Officer Simon Kenny, Engineering Adviser

Start Date: September 2000

Completion Date: 2007

Key Partner: Government of Andhra Pradesh

Key Words: urban sanitation, urban water supply, solid waste management, transforming institutions, capacity building, operation and maintenance, poverty

Project Name Location: Andhra Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh Value: UK£ 45.5 million (Grant) Rural Livelihoods Project Contact: Moustushi Sengupta, Project Officer Simon Croxton, Rural Livelihoods Adviser

Comoletion Date: 2006

Key Partner: Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Government of Andhra Pradesh

Key Words: water resources management, transforming institutions, community participation, policy reform, poverty

Project Name Location: Karnataka

Karnataka Watershed Value: UK£ 15.2 million (Grant) Development Project Contact Siddarthan. :B , Project Officer Simon Croxton, Rural Livelihoods Adviser

Start Date: 1998

Completion Date-. 2002

Key Partner: Departmen f Watersheto d Development, Governmen f Karnatako t a

Key Words: water resources management, transforming institutions, community participation, policy reform Department for International Division

Project Name Location: Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujurat

Western India Value: UK£ 23.21 million (Grant) Rainfed Farming Project Contact: Lakshmi Menon, Project Officer Kevin Crockford, Rural Livelihoods Adviser

Completion Date: 200e

Key Partner: Government of India, GVT and IFFDC

Key Words: water resources management, community participation, policy reform, poverty

Project Name Location: West Bengal, Orissa, Bihar

Eastern India Value: UK millio£9 n (Grant) Rainfed Farming Project Contact: Jeena Abraham. Project Officer, Peter Reid, Rural Livelihoods Adviser

Completion Date: 2003

Key Partner: Government of India/GVT

Key Words: water resources management, community participation, policy reform, poverty

Project Name Location: Orissa

Western Orissa Rural Value: UK£ 32.75 million (Grant) Livelihoods project Contact: Shiromani Singh, Project Officer Peter Reid, Rural Livelihoods Adviser

Start Date: 1999

Completion Date: 2009

Kev Partner: Department of Agriculture (Gol), Ministry of Rural Development (Gol)

Key Words: water resources management, community participation, policy reform, poverty The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector IndiaIn

Projects: Proposed

Project Name Location: West Bengal

Calcutta Urban Value: UK£ 50-70 million (Grant) Service Pooe th r sfo Contact: Sriparna lyer. Project Officer Simon Kenny, Engineering Adviser

Start Date: 2001

Completion Date: 2006-2008

Key Partner: Calcutta Metropolitan Development Authority

Key Words: urban sanitation, urban water supply, solid waste management, transforming institutions, capacity building, operation and maintenance

Protect Name Location: National

Human Resource Developmene th r fo t Value: UK£ 4 million (Grant) Water and Sanitation Sector Contact: Sriparna lyer. Project Officer Nigel Kirby, Engineering Adviser

Completion Date: 2006

Key Partner: Rajlv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission, Ministr f Urbayo n Development

Key Words: rural sanitation, rural water supply, urban sanitation, urban water Department for International Division

Project Name Location: Andhra Pradesh

Neeru Vibhagamu Samaskarnalu - Building Value: UK millioE3 n (Grant) Commitment To Water Sector Reform In Contact: Aditi Rajyalaxmi, Project Officer Andhra Pradesh Nigel Kirby, Engineering Adviser

Start Date: 2001

Completion Date: 2004

Key Partner: Panchayati Raj and Rural Development Department, Municipal Administration and Urban Development

Key Words: rural sanitation, rural water supply, urban sanitation, urban water supply, solid waste management, transforming institutions, capacity building, operatio maintenancd nan e

Project Name Location: Madhya Pradesh

Livelihoods Security Mission Value: UKmillio0 E10 n (Grant)

Contact: Lakshmi Menon, Project Officer Kevin Crockford, Rural Livelihoods Adviser

: 2001 -tentative

Completion Date: 2008

Key Partner: Tribal Welfare Department (GoMP)

Key Words: water resources management, transforming institutions, community participation, policy reform, poverty

Project Name Location: Madhya Pradesh

Healthy Lives Mission Value: UK millio0 E5 n (Grant)

Contact: Sandeepa Sahay, Project Officer Tim Martineau, Health Adviser

Si 2001-tentative

Completion Date: 2006

Key Partner: Rajiv Gandhi Missio Communitr nfo y Health, Health Department

Key Words: rural sanitation, urban sanitation, water resources management, transforming institutions, hygiene promotion, health

99 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain EUROPEAN UNION Delegatio Europeae th f no n Commission

65, Golf Links, New Delhi -110003 Phone: (011 92372 9232 )46 46 , 8 Fax:(011)4629206

Key Personnel

MICHEL CAILLOUET, Hea f Delegatiodo n E-mail: [email protected]

ANDREW HEADEY, Counsellor E-mail: [email protected]

JOSE-FELIX MERLADET, Counsellor E-mail: [email protected]

NATALIA ALONSO, Resident Consultant E-mail: [email protected]

MARIAM HOMAYOUN, Project Officer E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: Million Euros 1842,630,000 (Total Project costs) Million Euros 670,000,000 (EC Contribution) - Grant

EC Water and The EC's development cooperation programme with India focusses on alleviation of pov- EnVJrOnmental erty through the provisions of fundamental needs of (1) Education, (2) Health, (3) Improved Sanitation Polirv access to productive resource Environment) (4 d san thesl Al . e four priority n areai e sar othee th r rsomo relatey ewa watedo t environmenta d ran l sanitation issues.

However, EC's direct involvement In water and environmental sanitation sector policy and implementatio beer fa no s limiteds nha . Development cooperation projects hav t beeeno n specifically targete t thida s sector, wit exceptioe projecthth O NG f sno funded through certain financing instruments like the NGO Co-financing and the Environmental Budget Lines. The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

The future development cooperation with Indi identifies aha d sector programme supn si - port of policy reform as its major instrument. This sector programme approach addresses the existing need to support the process of social development as a parallel objective to economic developmen focusiny b t g resource improvinn so g sector performanc strucd ean - tural reform sectorsy same ke th n st i e A . time, sector programmes involv closea e collaboration and coordination with other major donors as the EU Member States, the World Bank, etc allowin gmajoa r impac f donorso t ' support.

The first sector programme undertaken was the Primary Education Support Programme with an EC financial commitment of 150 million Euro cofinanced by the World Bank and DFID secon.A launcheds dwa Healte ,th Famild han y Welfare Sector Support Development Programme wit En hCa financial commitmen millio0 20 f nto Euro overale .Th l development objective is to improve the quality and accessibility of health services with particular focus women'n o child san d health status. This programm alss oewa assiste Worle th y db Bank, DFID, UNICEF, UNFPA and other small contributions.

This orientation will be reinforced with the perspective of concentrating resources in a new sector programme in the area of environment. Taking into consideration the accelerated industria urbad lan n growt aggravatioe Indith h n i d alreadae an th f no y serious problemf so degrading water, soil, fores coastad an t l resources, durin nexe gth t five year EC-Indin sa a Environment Sector Programme is envisaged with three main components:

a) Raising publi governmend can t awarenes f environmentaso l issues b) Launchin integraten ga d area-based Environment Management Programm- se a n ei lected State, including components such as pollution prevention, urban planning, cost- effective environmental monitoring, feasibility studies.and preparatio environmentaf no l infrastructure investment projects, etc. c) Supportin creatioe gth Environmenn a f no t Resource Centr Indiar efo , which would (1) provide resource trainine th r f sofficialsfo g o , planners, operator monitorsd san ) (2 ; assist municipal authorities with the development of a local "Agenda 21"; and (3) establis hnetwora r promotinkfo marketind gan g cleaner technologie comn so - mercial basis.

addition I possible th no t e sector programm environmentn eo , development cooperation of the European Commission in India will continue to support small-scale projects in the water and sanitation sector implemented by NGOs due to their skills In accessing and organisin mose gth t deprived section populatione th f so , their efficienc effectivenesd yan s and their increased role in the social and economic development of the country.

Finally, EU-lndia Summit held in June 2000 declared deep concern about growing environmental degradatio consequene th d nan t nee pursuo dt e enhanced multilateral co-operatio addressinn i twie gth n challenge f protectinso environmene gth promotind an t g sustainable development. It was agreed to institute a joint working group on environment to promote joint collaborative projects, facilitate transfer of technologies, develop opportunities for investments in the public and private sectors, launch an environmental awareness programm facilitatd ean e co-ordinatio multilateran no l environmental issues Agende .Th a for Action specifically included these aspect two-foldsn i , joint efforts towards establishing an Institut f Environmeneo t Technolog Indiy n i activ d aan e promotio bilateraf no l initiatives in the environment sector.

102 European Union

Projects: Current

Project Name location: Delhi, U.P, Kerala, Tamil Nadu

B7-5040/95/01 3LOMWAT- S Value: Euros 1,145,132 (Total Proj Cost) - Grant: Euros 775,000 (EC Contribution) (Low Maintenance Waste Water Treatment Systems) Contact: Natalia Alonso.

Start Date: 25 October 1994

Completion Date Apri4 :2 l 1998 (project under consideratio r furthenfo r extension)

Kev Partner: BORDA (Germany), SIITRAT (N.Delhi), SCRS (AurovilleMD d an ) ,TN (Kanjirapalli, Kerala)

Kev Words: community participation, hygiene promotion, NGOs, solid waste management, urban sanitation

Project Name Location Delhw Ne :i

IND/B7-6200/99-0341/DEV/ENV Polic- y Value: Euros 962,300 (Total Proj. Cost) - Grant: Euros 732,765 (EC Contribution) Researc Awarenesd han s Creatioe th n i Contact: Natalia Alonso Field of Environmental Health Interface

and Development of an Alternative Start Date: Januari y 2000

Pollution Monitoring Control System s

1 Completion Date: 31 Decembes r 2002

Kev Partner: CSE (Centre for Science and Environment)

Kev Words: environmental health, NGOs, policy reform, research

Project Name_ Location: Orissa

B7-6000/99/334/FR Constructio- f no Value: Euros 81,456 (Total Project Cost) - Grant: Euros 43,203 (EC Contribution) a Pipeline System for Water Supply Refugefoe rth e Tibetan Contact: Mariam Homayoun Camp of Puntosokling, Orissa Start Date: 21st December 1999

Completion Date: 20lh July 2000

Kev Partner: Assistance Medicale Tout du Monde and Central Tibetan Administration

Kev Words: NGOs, operatio maintenanced nan , rural sanitation, rural water supply

-LQ3_ The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Project Name Location: Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh

B7-6000/99/359/UK - Community led Value: Euros 249,115 (Tot. Proj. Cost) - Grant: Euros 89,452 (EC Contribution) Urban Infrastructure Project Contact: Jose-Felix Merladet

Start Date: 30th November 1999

Completion Date: 29th November 2002

Key Partner: Homeless Internationa SPARd an l C

Key Words: NGOs, solid waste management, urban sanitation, urban water supply

Project Name Location: Andhra Pradesh, Kamataka, Maharashtra, Orissa

B7-6000/98/156/UK - Developing Value: Euros 1,249,485 (Total proj. cost) - Grant: Euros 450,000 (EC Contribution) Model Approache Communito st y Managed Water and Sanitation Contact: Jose-Felix Merladet Projects in Southern India

Start Date: 24lh November 1998

d Completion Date: 23 NovembeI r 2001

Kev Partner: WaterAid

: hygiene promotion, NGOs, rural water sanitation, rural water supply

104 Embass f Francyo e Economics, Trade and Finance Commission

2/50E, Shantipath, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi - 110 021 Phone: (011)611 8748 Fax:(011)6872306

Key Personnel

BARBARET HERVE, Commercial Counsellor E-mail: [email protected]

OLDENBURG MICHEL, Commercial Attache E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: 430 million FF (Soft Loan)

Projects: Current

Project Name Location-. Delhi

WateSettina f o rp gTreatmenu t Plant Value: 45 million FF (Soft Loan)

Contact: Barbaret Herve

Kev Partner: Delhi Jal Board

Key Words: demand assessment, health, operatio maintenanced nan , urban water supply, water quality The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Prolect Name Location: Rajasthan

Master Plan, leakage Study, Value: 30 million FF Ground Water Recharge Study Contact: Barbaret Herve

Start Date: 1996

Key Partner: Public Health Engineering Department, Jaipur

Key Words: urban water supply, water quality

Project Name Location: Karnataka

WateSettina f o rp gTreatmenu t Value: 50 million FF Plan CI+ t S Contact: Barbaret Herve

Key Partner: Bangalore Water Supply

Key Words.- demand assessment, health, operation and maintenance, urban water supply, research, technical studies, water quality

Project Name Location: Gujarat

Fusegatem Da Settina f o s p gu Value: 34 million FF

Contact: Barbaret Herve

Key Partner: Governmen f Gujarao t t

Key Words: demand assessment, operatio maintenanced nan , research, technical studies, water resources management

106 Embassy Franceof

Project Name Location: Andhra Pradesh

Improvement of Water Supply and Value Millio8 :9 F nF Network Rehabilitation Contact: Barbaret Herve

Star t startet Dateye t dNo :

Key Partner: Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation

Key Words: demand assessment, health, operation and maintenance, urban water supply, research, technical studies, water quality

Project Name Location: Manipur

Setting up of a Water Treatment Plant Value: 31.7 Million FF

Contact: Barbaret Herve

Completion Date: )ulv 2005

Key Partner: Public Health Engineering Department, Manipur

Key Words: demand assessment, health, operation and maintenance, urban water supply, research, technical studies, water quality

Project Name Location: Manipur

Groundwater Study Value Millio5 :4. F nF

Contact: Barbaret Herve

Start Date: 1999

Key Partner: Public Health Engineering Department, Manipur

Key Words-, health, environment, urban water supply, research, technical studies, water quality The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

Project Name Location: West Bengal

Pilot Project for Rehabilitation and Value Millio6 3 : F nF Improvemen f Calcutto t a Network Contact: Barbaret Herve

Key Partner-. Calcutta Municipal Corporation

Key Words: demand assessment, health, operation and maintenance, policy reform, urban water supply, research, technical studies, water quality

Protect Name Location: West Bengal/Orissa

Feasabflity Study for Solid Waste Value: 3.3 Million FF Managemen Calcuttn i t d aan Btiubaneshwar Contact: Barbaret Herve

Completion Date: 2000

Key Partner-. Calcutta Municipal Corporation, Bhubaneshwar Municipal Corporation

Key Words.- health, operatio maintenanced nan , solid waste management, urban water supply, research, technical studies, water quality

Projects: Proposed

Project Name Location: Manipur

Sewerage Treatment Plant in Manipur Value Millio8 5 : F nF

Contact: Barbaret Herve

Kev Partner: Public Health Engineering Department, Manipur

Key Words: environmental health, operatio maintenanced nan , solid waste management, urban water supply, technical studies, urban sanitation

W8 Embassy of France

Project Name location: Maharashtra

Dynamic Regulation of Canals Value: 34 Million FF

Contact: Barbaret Herve

Key Partner: Public Health Engineering Department, Manlpur

Key Words: capacity building, demand assessment, management of service providers, operatio maintenanced nan , rural water supply, technical studies, transforming institutions.water resources management

109 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain Food & Agriculture Organisation of Unitee th d Nations

55, Lodi Estate Delhw Ne , i -113 000 Phone: (011 88772 3069 )46 46 ,0 Fax: (Oil(4620115

Key Personnel

PETER ROSENEGGER RepresentativO FA , e E-mail: [email protected]

GOPI GHOSH, National Proff. Officer E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size 15-1s :R 8 Crores (Grant)

Key Priorities/ Today, FAO is the largest specialised agency in the United Nations system and the lead Future Directions/ agenc r agricultureyfo , forestry, fisheries rurad an , l development intergovernmentan A . l Policies organizationmembe0 18 s ha r countrieO FA , s plu membesa r organization Europeae ,th n Community.

Sinc Inception s workees it ha O d tFA ,o alleviate povert hunged yan promotiny b r g agricultural development, improved nutritiopursuie th d f fooo tn an d securit y- define e th s da access of all people at all times to the food they need for an active and healthy life.

A specific priority of the Organization is encouraging sustainable agriculture and rural development, a long-term strategy for increasing food production and food security while conserving and managing natural resources.

Development assistance

FAO gives practical help to developing countries through a wide range of technical assistance projects. The Organization encourages an integrated approach, with environmental, social and economic considerations included in the formulation of development projects. The Water Environmentald an Sanitation Secto Indian rI

Information

FAO collects, analyses, interprets and disseminates Information relating to nutrition, food, agriculture, forestr fisheriesd yan organizatioe Th . n serve clearing-housea s sa , providing farmers, scientists, government planners, trader non-governmentad san l organizations with the information they need to make rational decisions on planning, investment, marketing, researc trainingd han .

FAO promotes sustainable water management through water harvesting and use of simple pumps. Results from the Sahel region show that rain harvested from one hectare to irrigate another hectar tripln eca ever eo n quadruple production.

Projects: Completed

Project Name Location: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal Lankai ,Sr , Thailand, Pakistan Participatory Water Sector Management Trainin Asign i a Value: US$1,756,427

Contact: Prem Sharma, Chief Technical Advisor, Kathmandu

Completion Date: 1999

Kev Partner.- Food & Agriculture Organization/United Nations

Kev Words: community participation, environment, NGOs, policy reform, poverty, research, technical studies, water resources management

Projects-. Proposed

Integrated Watershed Management Project in Rajasthan The Ford Foundation Fore Th d Foundation

55 Lodhi Estate, New Delhi -110 003 Phone: (011) 461 9441, 464 8401 Fax:(011)4627147 7731 46 , 8

Key Personnel

UJJWAL PRADHAN, Program Officer, Water Resources Managemen Policd tan y E-mail: [email protected]

RADHIKA JOHARI, Program Associate, Water Resources Managemen Policd an t y E-mail: [email protected]

SAVITA SINHA, Secretary, Water Resources Management and Policy E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: Estimate 2,500,00$ e b do t r FY0fo 2000/2001 (Grant Aid)

Key Priorities/ Objectives Future Directions/ Water resources managemen Soutn i t h Asi plagues ai increasingly db y competitiv- ede Policies mand waten so r agains backgrouna t f growindo g scarcity, inadequate supplie- un d san equal acces controd san l over water resources, particularl extreme th r yfo e poo whor rfo m wate vitaa s ri l asse r securinfo t g incom livelihood ean d needs addreso T . s these concerns, the Water Resources Management and Policy Portfolio of the Ford Foundation's New Delhi office supports the emergence of water resource systems that are equitable, sustainable, productivejusd an t . Specifically seekt i , enhancso t sustaid ean voicrole d nth e an f loca eo l communities in the development, management and control of small-scale water resources as collective asset Indin si Nepal d aportfolian e .Th o aim enhanco st t onl institue no y th - tional and policy environment for local control and access, but also to support innovative ideas and practices emerging from the grassroots that foster collective action at the com- munit ysustainable leveth r fo l equitabld ean e managemen f naturao e us l d resourcesan t .

113 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

Program Strategy An integrated approach has involved fostering institutional capacities, supporting collective action, and linking research with networking, advocacy and policy, important portfolio thrusts include:

• Redressin currene gth t sectoral, disciplinar gended yan r biases that mark presen- wa t ter resources management; Creating a legal and institutional framework that guarantees access and rights to water for the poor and marginalized; and Supporting communitie thein si r struggl gaieo t n control over water resource systems and to convert them into assets that secure livelihoods and promote natural resource conservation.

Future Directions Delhw TheNe i office will continu exteno et d suppor researco t t h centers, government agencies and non-government organizations for a variety of integrated and complemen- tary efforts. These include:

Capacity-buildin action-orienter gfo d research, documentatio analysid nan s • Process documentation and participatory rural appraisals; • Establishment and consolidation of networks of practitioners, policy-makers and re- searchers; Strengthening community organizations and federations of water user groups,- and Enhancing local leadershi governancd pan e capacitie r watesfo r resources management.

Projects: Current

Project Name Location: Himalayas (Indi Nepald aan )

Support for an Action and Research Value: US$ 150,000 (Grant) Project on the Development of Equitable Sustainabld an e Community-managed Contact: Ujjwal Pradhan, Programme Offier Water Resources in the Himalayas Start Date: July, 1999

Completion Date: June, 2001

Key Partner: International Development Enterprises (Indi Nepad aan l offices)

Key Words: community participation, research, transforming institutions, capacity- building, rural water supply, technical studies, private sector participation, water resources management

-114 The Ford Foundation

Protect Name Location: Tamil Nadu

Support for Scaling up Participatory Value 49,65$ US : 1 (Grant) Tank Management and Enhancing Soute th h India Tank Network Contact: Ujjwal Pradhan, Programme Offier

Start Date: August, 2000

Completion Date: August, 2001

Key Partner: DHAN (Development of Humane Action) Foundation

Key Words: community participation, research, gender, NGOs, transforming institutions, capacity-building, management of service providers, technical studies, policy reform, rural water supply, water resources management

Project Name Location: Andhra Pradesh

Suppor r Researcfo t Implicatione th n ho s Value: US$ 79,884 (Grant) of Participatory Irrigation Management Polic Waten yo r Resource System Perform- Contact: Ujjwal Pradhan, Programme Offier ance and the Functioning of Water Users Start Date: April, 2000 Associations in Andhra Pradesh

Completion Date: April, 2003

Key Partner: Institut f Resourceo e Developmen Sociad an t l Management

Key Words: community participation, research, transforming institutions, capacity- building, NGOs, policy reform, rural water supply, water resources management

Project Name Location: National

Support for the Development of a Value 150,00$ US : 0 (Grant) Public Interest Environmental Quality Monitoring Center Contact: Ujjwal Pradhan, Programme Offier

Start Date: June, 2000

Completion Date: June, 2003

Key Partner: People's Science Institute

Kev Words: community participation, research, capacity-building, technical studies, environmental health, environment, policy reform, NGOs, water quality, water resources management The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector In India

Project Name Location: Gujarat

Suppor r Researcfo t Promoto ht e Gender Value: US$ 50,609 (Grant) Equity In Water Resources Management Contact: Ujjwal Pradhan, Programme Offier

Start Date: April, 2000

Completion Date: April, 2002

Key Partner: Utthan Development Action Planning Team

Key Words: community participation, gender, research, capacity building, NGOs, rural water supply, water resources management

Project Name Location: Gujarat

Suppor r Innovativfo t e Initiatives, Value 75,00$ :US 0 (Grant) Capacity-building and Information Disseminatio Participatorn no y Contact: Ujjwal Pradhan, Programme Offier Irrigation Managemen Gujaran i t t Start Dale: June, 2000

Completion Date: May, 2003

Key Partner: Aga Khan Rural Support Programme

Key Words: community participation, gender, research, capacity building, policy reform, NGOs, rural water supply, water resources management

Project Name Location: Tamil Nadu

Support for Research on the Linkages Value: US$ 48,000 (Grant) between Panchayat Tand an kj IrrigaRa i - tion Management in Tamil Nadu Contact: Ujjwal Pradhan, Programme Offier

Start Date 200y :Ma 0

Completion Date: May 2002

Key Partner: Tamil Nadu Agricultural University

Key Words: community participation, research, transforming institutions, : policy reform, rural water supply, water resources management

116 Tfte Ford Foundation

Project Name Location: Rajasthan

Suppor People'a r fo t s Movemene th r fo t Value 75,00$ US : 0 (Grant) Integrated Managemen Watef o t r Resources Through Institutional Contact: Ujjwal Pradhan, Programme Offier Capacity-building in Rajasthan Start Date: August, 2000

Completion Date: February, 2002

Key Partner: Tarun Bharat Sangh

Key Words.- community participation, research, NGOs, transforming institutions, capacity-building, policy reform, rural water supply, water resources management, poverty The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India GT7 India Deutsche Gesellschaft Fuer Technische Zusamenarbeit GmbH (German Agenc Technicar yfo l Co-operation) Baghr 2Delh1w Jo Ne , i -113 000 Phone: (011 28850 28860 )46 2887 0 46 , 38320 46 , 38360 46 , 3830 ,46 46 ,1 Fax:(011)4603831

Key Personnel

DR GISELA HAYFA, Director E-mail: [email protected]

ANANDIIYER, Deputy Director E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: Approx. DM 47 million (Grant)

Key Priorities/ GTZ's technical assistanc thien i s secto Germabasee s i r th n do n Government's bilaterad ai l Future Directions/ programme with India. Poverty alleviation is the main thrust area and projects should be concentrate seveo t x si n dn reform-orientei d states. Improvemen f watersheo t d manage- Policies ment, minor irrigation, rural water supply, primary health care, rural development and slum improvement are important elements In alleviating poverty and are being assisted by Ger- man technical co-operatio Indian I .

Watershed management has a direct impact on poverty reduction by improving drinking water supply, improving the productivity of natural resources and hence satisfying basic needs and generates more income Considering the desertification and degradation of natural resources due to climatic conditions and over-utilisation, a sustainable and participatory managemen f watersheo t considereds i viabla s da e solution.

An adequate suppl f safyo e drinkin mose th f t o gbasi watee on c s needsi r . Almost half o f the population of developing countries has neither the quantity nor the quality of water needed, and even fewer people have access to suitable disposal facilities for sewage. The dangers of unsafe drinking water and poor sanitary facilities often lead to insupportable living conditions, especiall denseln yi y populated areas.

A safe supply of drinking water and adequate sanitation in rural and urban areas has a high priority with GTZ. Since local users should share costsome th f ,e o low-cos t technologs yI importan r targefo t t group acceptance somn I . e cases users readily accept responsibility operatioe foth r maintenancd nan plantse th f eo . Maximum integratio f operatorno d san target group individuae th n si l stage f planninso implementatiod gr susan fo -y ke e th ns i tainable results.

119 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Projects: Current

Project Name location: Hlmachal Pradesh

Indo- German Changar Value: DM 16 Million (Grant) Eco-Development Project Contact: Dr Silvio Decurtins

Start Date: November 1993

Completion Date: December 2004

Key Partner: Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, Himachal Pradesh Eco- Development Society

Key Words: capacity building, community participation, environmental health, poverty, research, transforming institutions

Project Name Location: Delhi. National

Indo- German Bilateral Project Value 18M MillioD : n (Grant) 'Watershed Management' Contact Honory :Gu e

Start Date: November 1989

Completion Date: June 2002

Key Partner: Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India

Key Words: community participation, environment, NGOs, technical studies, transforming institutions, water resources management

Protect Name Location: Maharashtra

Slum Improvement Project Nagpur millio8 Value3. M nD : (Grant)

Contact: UlfWernicke

Start Date: January 1997

Completion Date: June 2003

Kev Partner: Ministr f Urbayo n Affairs, Nagpur Municipal Corporation

Key Words: community participation, health, hygiene promotion, NGOs, poverty, solid waste management, urban sanitation, urban water supply C7Z India

Protect Name Location: Maharashtra

Indo-German Promotiof no Value: DM3.3 Million (Grant) Watershed Self Help Program Contact: Father Crispino Lobo

Start Date: April 1996

Completion Date: December 2003

Key Partner: Ministry of Agriculture, Government of Maharashtra

Key Words: community participation, environment, NGOs, technical studies, transforming institutions, water resources management

Projects: Proposed

Project Name location: Maharashtra

Soil Conservation and Watershed Manage- Value-, yet to be decided ment Training Contact: Anandi lyer

Start Date: Expected 2001

Key Partner: Ministr f Agriculturyo e

s: community participation, environment, NGOs, technical studies, transforming institutions, water resources management

Protect Name Location: Himachal Pradesh

Minor Irrigation and Rural Value: Approx. DM 6 Million (Grant) Drinking Water Supply Contact: Anandi lyer

Start Date: expecte yeadn i r 2000

Key Partner: Ministry of Agriculture

Key Words: community participation, demand assessment, health, hygiene promotion, operation and maintenance, rural sanitation, rural water supply, water quality, water resources management The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain Japan Ban r Internationakfo l Co-operation

3 Floor, DLF Centre, Sansad Mars Delhw Ne ,- i 11 1 000 rd Phone: (Oil) 371 4362, 371 4363, 371 7090, 335 6200 Fax: (011)371 5066

Key Personnel

KAZUTO TSUJI, Chief Representative E-mail: [email protected]

KOTARO TANAKA, Representative E-mail: [email protected]

E NATARAJAN, Senior Project Officer E-mail: [email protected]

M SINGHP , Senior Project Officer E-mail: [email protected]

VINEE SARINTS , Project Officer E-mail: [email protected]

P RAJASEKHARAN, Project Officer E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: IPY 107,470 million (Loan)

Key Priorities/ Japan Bank for International Co-operation (JBIC), which was established in October 1999 Future Directions/ through the merger of the Export - Import Bank of Japan (JEXIM) and the Overseas Eco- Policies nomic Co-operation Fund, Japan (OECF) Japanesa s i , e governmental funding agencr yfo the economic and social development. As the largest bilateral donor for India, JBIC has been continuously expanding its operations in volume, recipient countries, target sectors, and quality.

Focusing mor environmentan eo l issues along with povert economid yan c growth, JBICs i assisting many project fiele f th wated o n si r supply, sanitation, water resource management, forestry, and pollution control. Especially for these projects, JBIC realizes that active participation of the beneficiaries and the communities is the most essential element for sustainable th e implementation, operation, maintenance, monitoring evaluationd ,an . With this understanding, JBIC tries to contribute to more sustainable and pro-poor development of India.

123 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector IndiaIn

JBIC assisted projects

Project Name location: Delhi, Haryan Uttad aan r Pradesh

Yamuna Action Plan Project Value: JY 17,773 million (Loan)

Contact: P Rajasekharan

Start Date: December 21,1992

Completion Date: April 19, 2002

Key Partner: National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD)

Kev Words: Community participation, cost recovery, environment, environmental health, hygiene promotion, NGOs, operatio maintenanced nan , poverty, urban sanitation, water quality

Protect Name Location: Madhya Pradesh

Lake Bhopal Conservatiod nan Value: JY 7,055 million (Loan) Management Project Contact NatarajaE : n

Start Date: February 28, 1995

Completion Date: April 12. 2002

Kev Partner: 1) Environmental Protection & Conservation Organization, Bhopal 2) Housin Environmend gan t Department, Govt f Madhy.o a Pradesh

Kev Words: Environment, environmental health, hygiene promotion, poverty, urban sanitation, water quality

Project Name Location: West Bengal

Industrial Pollution Control Project Value: JY 1,525 million (Loan)

i Cooiac!: Vineet S Sarin

Start Date: February 28. 1995

Completion Date: April 12, 2001

Kev Partner: West Bengal Pollution Control Board, Calcutta

Kev Words: Environment, research, technical studies, transforming institutions, water quality

124 Japan Bank for International Co-operation

Project Name Location: National

Industrial Pollution Control Program Value: JY 3,000 million (Loan)

Contact: P Rajasekharan

Start Date: February 28,1995

Completion Date: October 02, 2002

Key Partner: Industria Investmend an l t Corporatio f Indino a Limited, Mumbai

Key Wof ds-. Environment, private sector participation

Project Name Location: Kerala

Attappady Wasteland Comprehensive Value: JY 5,112 million (Loan) Environmental Conservation Project Contact: M SingP h

Start Date: January 25,1996

Completion Date: March 26, 2005

Key Partner: Attapady Hills Area Development Societ y/ Loca l Self Govt f Keralo . a

Key Words.- Environment, private sector participation

Project Name Location: Chennai, Tamil Nadu

Chennai Sewerage Renovatiod nan Value: JY 17,098 million (Loan) Functional Improvement Project Contact: M P Singh

Start Date: February 28,1995

Completion Date: April 12, 2001

Key Partner: Chennai Metropolitan Water Suppl Seweragd yan e Board, Chennai

Kev Words: Cost recovery, environment, environmental health, management of service providers, operatio maintenanced nan , poverty, urban sanitation, water quality, water resources management

125 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Project Name Location: Karnataka

Bangalore Water Supply and Value: JY 28,452 million (Loan) Sewerage Project Contact: M P Singh

Start Date: January 25,1996

Completion Date: March 26, 2004

Key Partner: Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board, Bangalore

Keywords: cost recovery, environment, environmental health, operation and maintenance, poverty, urban sanitation, urban water supply, water quality

Project Name Location: National

Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Value: JY 8,670 million (Loan) Improvement Program Contact SingP :M h

Start Date: January 25,1996

Completion Date: June 28, 2004

Key Partner: Housing and Urban Development Corporation Ltd.

Key Words: cost recovery, environment, environmental health, operatiod nan maintenance, poverty, urban sanitation, urban water supply, water quality

Project Name Location: Kerala

Kerala Water Supply Project Value: JY 11,997 million (Loan)

Contact SingP :M h

Start Date: January 25,1996

Completion Date: Jun 200, e03 6

.-•;|- Key Partner: Kerala Water Authority, Thiruvananthapuram

Key Words: cost recovery, environment, environmental health, operatiod nan maintenance, rural water supply, urban water supply, water quality Japan Bank for International Co-operation

Projects: Completed

Protect Name Location-. Maharashtra

Urban City Water Supply Project Value: JY 6,788 million (Loan)

Contact: M SlngP h

Start Date-. January 9,1992

Completion Date: March 31, 2000

Kev Partner-. Housing and Urban Development Corporation Ltd., New Delhi

Key Words: Environment, environmental health, urban sanitation, urban water supply yfte Water Environmentald an Sanitation Sector Indian i KfW KFW

KfW Frankfurt Department L III a Palmengartenstrasse 5-9, 60325 Frankfurt Phone: 06909 4 7 4310 Fax: 00 474319 96 9 360

KfW New Delhi 3 00 Bagh 21r Delh0 w ,Jo 11 ,Ne - i Phone: (011) 464 1202, 464 7113 Fax:(011)4641203

Numbe f Wateo r Sanitatiod ran n Professional Staff4 :

Key Personnel (Frankfurt Office)

ROLAND MAEHRLE, Senior Project Manager E-mail:[email protected]

PETER HILLIGES, Project Officer E-mail: [email protected]

CHRISTIAN HAAS, Project Officer E-mail: [email protected]

Kev Personnel (New Delhi Office)

FRANZ HALLER, Director E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: DM 369 million (Loan: DM 87 million, Grant: DM 282 million)

Key Priorities/ The German Government's and KfW's Water and Future Directions/ Environmental Sanitation Policy

Policies The main aspects of the German Government's and KfW's policy and strategy for the Water Suppl Sanitatiod yan n Secto Indin i r a are:

• Focus on rural water supply and on economically weaker sections. « As a general principle: no water supply schemes without proper sanitation. Participator demand-based yan d plannin implementatiod gan f projectsno , consider- gendeg in r aspects. The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Recover t leasa f yo t cos operatior fo t maintenanced nan , aiming, however t full-cos,a t recovery. • Decentralisation of operation and maintenance as well as tariff collection. Reform-oriented approach, both with regard to ownership (water user associations) institutionae anth o dt l framework. Introductio f commerciano l aspect cosn si t plannin pricind gan waterf go . Co-ordination with other donors, primarily on policy level (World Bank, DFID et al).

Projects Finance Germae th y db n Government through KfW Projects: Current

Project Name Location: Rajasthan

Rural Water Supply Rajasthan, Phas eI Value 13M 5D : million million(Loan0 4 M D :, million Grant5 9 M :D )

Contact: Peter Hilliges

Start Date: 1994

Completion Date: 2002

Key Partner: Governmen f Rajasthao t n

Key Words: rural water supply, rural sanitation, hygiene promotion, capacity building, community participation, gender, O&M, cost recovery, NGOs

Project Name Location: West Bengal

Rural Water Supply West Bengal Value: DM 50 millioN (Grant)

Contact: Peter Hilliges

Start Date: 1997

Completion Date: 2002

Key Partner: Government of West Bengal

Kev Words: rural water supply, rural sanitation, hygiene promotion, capacity building, community participation, gender, O&M, cost recovery, NGOs KfW

Project Name location: Maharashtra

Watershed Development Programme value: DM 12 million (Grant) Maharashtra, Phase 1 Contact: Christian Haas

Start Date: 1994

Completion Date: 2002

Kev Partner: NABARD, WOTR

irds: environment, capacity building, community participation, NGOs, water resources management

Project Name location: Maharashtra

Watershed Development Programme value: DM 25 million (Grant) Maharashtra, Phase 2 Contact: Christian Haas

Start Date:1997

Completion Date: 2005

Kev Partner: NABARD, WOTR

s.: environment, capacity building, community participation, NGOs, water resources management

Projects: Proposed

Pro/ect Name location: Maharashtra

Rural Water Supply Maharashtra Value: DM 46.6 million (Loan)

Contact: Peter Hilliges

Start Date: 2000

Completion Date: To be decided

Kev Partner: Government of Maharashtra

s: rural water supply, rural sanitation, environment, hygiene promotion, policy reform, water quality, community participation, transforming institutions, demand assessment, gender, operation and maintenance, cost recovery, NGOs The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector In India

Project Name Location: West Bengal

Sanitatio Wastd nan e Disposal Value decidee b o :T d West Bengal Contact: Roland Maehrle

Start Date:To be decided

Completion Date: To be decided

Key Partner: Government of, and Municipalities in. West Bengal

Key Words: Urban sanitation, environment, hygiene promotion, policy reform, solid waste management, community participation, transforming institutions, public sector reform, demand assessment, gender, operatio maintenanced nan , cost recovery

Project Name Location: Maharashtra

Watershed Development Programme Value: DM 39 million (Grant) Maharashtra, Phase 3 Contact: Chritian Haas

Start Date:2002

Completion Date: 2008

i Kev Partner: NABARD, WOTR

Wordsv Ke ' : environment, capacity building, community participation, NGOs, water resources management

Project Name Location: Rajasthan

Comprehensive Wad Watershe& i d Value: DM 31 million (Grant) Development Programme Contact: Chritian Haas

Start Date: 2002

Completion Date: 2008

Kev Partner: NABARD, WOTR

Kev Words: environment, capacity building, community participation, NGOs, water resources management KfW

Project Name location-. Andhra Pradesh

Replication to other States ya|ue: DM 35 million

Contact: Christian Haas

Completion Date: 2008

Kev Partner: NABARD, WOTR

Key Words: environment, capacity building, community participation, NOOs, water resources management

Mi. The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector In India Netherlands Development Co-operation

Royal Netherlands Embassy, Shantipath, Chanakyapuri, Delhi-2w Ne 1 Phone:(011)6884951 Fax:(011)6884956

Numbe f Watero Sanitatiod ran n Professional Staff2 :

Key Personnel

ROELSC r M , Head Development Co-operation [email protected]

Mr PAULTER WEEL, Theme Expert E-mail: [email protected]

r AVINASM H ZUTSHI, Senior Programme Offlcer-RDI E-mail: [email protected]

Mr P S RAO, Senior Programme Officer-RDII E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: Currently Dfl 32.20 mil!ion(Grant: Dfl 32.20 million)

Project/Field Offices Andhra Pradesh - Hyderabad Kerala Thiruvananthapura- m Phone: (040 4720 36 )8 Phone:(0471)325907 Gujarat - Bhavnagar Phone:0 (027843 1 43 )

Key Priorities/ Netherlands Development Co-operation Wate- Environmenta& r l Sanitation Policy Future Directions/ The policy document 'A world f difference'o (1990) clearly define maie sth n objectivr efo Policies Dutch Policy on development co-operation as the alleviation of poverty, with attention for the themes of environmental management and the role of women in sustainable development t stresseI . importance sth f meetineo neee g th clear dfo n drinking wate sanitad ran - tion as a weapon in the fight against poverty. The objective of Dutch policy on water and sanitatio provido t ns i e acces drinkino st g wate sanitatiod an r manpooe s a th s f r a ry no fo possibl sustainabla n eo e basis.

135 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

'A world f dispute'(1993)o develops these ideas further urged an , morsa e co-ordinated approach to political and development issues. It describes succinctly the present situation with regard to water in the world:

Wate needes i r increasdo t e food production, provide energy, develop industr hencd yan e employment, promote health (drinking water supplies maintaid an ) n biological diversity and ecosystems. Much can go wrong with water. Water projects have a low yield, water is not inexhaustible, water pollution is an increasing problem, and large-scale abstraction of water threatens the balance of nature. Water is a scarce commodity, has an economic value, and should therefore be regarded as an economic good.

'Then I Foreign Netherlands:Policye th f o Review?A (1995 governmene th ) t emphasises the continuing pressing need to combat poverty, with special attention being required for basie th c needpoorese th f so t groups, including safe drinking wate sanitard ran y facilities.

emerginThw ene g consensus within Netherlands Development Co-operatio havo t ns i e a broader perspective with 'rural environment themea s theme a ' Th . e would include water supply and sanitation, and water harvesting and conservation. Activities in the theme should result in sustainable water resources management over the long run, where environment developmend an womef o t n woulcrose th se dcuttinb g theme f futurso e strategies.

The programme in Netherlands Development Co-operation is currently being reorganised. The sector programme size would be much larger that that indicated her after the clubbing of programmes within NeDA. This would then include programmes being previousl- yim plemented unde lanwates d it r dan r sector.

The Netherlands Development Co-operation is in the process of finalisation of policy dialogue wit Governmene hth state f Indith eo t d governmentaan settine futurf th o r p sgfo u e programmes. These would be based on the guidelines of the Minister of Development Co- operation, Government of Netherlands. The guidelines prescribe the adherence to the acronym GAVIM: G Good Governance A Alleviation of Poverty V Women Development I Institutional Sustainability M Environmental Protection & Sustainability

The focus bein povertn go y alleviatio ultimate th s na e goal encouraginy b , g dono- co r ordination, coherenc f activitieeo sectod san r wide approaches programme Th . Indien i a support statee sth f Andhrso a Pradesh, Kerala Gujaratd an , .

Key Documents 1. Policy Documen WorlA - t differencef do framw f referencne e o :a developmenr efo t cooperatioe th nn i 1990s. Lower House of Dutch Parliament (1990). 2. Policy Document - A world of dispute: a survey of the frontiers of development cooperation. Lower House of Dutch Parliament (1993). foreige Th 3n. policNetherlandse th f yo review:a . Netherlands Ministr f Foreigyo n Affairs (1995). 4. Institutional Development: Netherlands Suppor watee th o rt t sector, 198 8- 1998 EvaluationB ;IO 284o sN ; Polic Operationd yan s Evaluation Department, March 2000.

136 Netherlands Development Co-operation

Projects: Current

Project Name Location: Ghogha (Gujarat)

Ghogha Regional Water Supply Value: Dfl 25,398,104 (Grant) Sanitatiod an n Project Contact: Rene Van Lieshout, Team Leader, World Bank S. Div Bhavnagar

Start Date: August 1997

Completion Date: August 2002

Kev Partner: GWSSB

Key Words: rural water supply, rural sanitation, environment, hygiene promotion, policy reform, water quality, solid waste management, transforming institutions, demand assessment, gender, operatio maintenanced nan , cost recovery, water resources management

Project Name Location: Viziagram (Andhra Pradesh)

Local Water Supply and Sanitation Value: Dfl 4,400,000 (Grant) Project, Viziagram Contact: Frank Hanrath, Team Leader, NAPO, Hyderabad

Start Date: lune 1997

Completion Date: June 2001

Kev Partner: Public Health Engineering Department

Kev Words: rural water supply, rural sanitation, environment, hygiene promotion, policy reform, water quality, solid waste management, demand assessment, gender, operatio maintenanced nan , cost recovery, water resources management

Protect Name Location: Kerala

Socio Economic Unit Foundation Value l 4,700,00Df : 0 (Grant)

Contact: PanickeKN r

Start Date: April 1997

Completion Date: September 2001

Kev Partner: KWA Kerala; Secretar f Locayo l Administration Secretard ;an y

Kev Words: rural water supply, rural sanitation, environment; hygiene promotion, policy reform, water quality, solid waste management, demand assessment, gender, operation and maintenance, cost recovery, water resources management The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector IndiaIn Norwegian Agenc r Developmenyfo t Cooperation

Shantipath, 50C , Chanakyapuri Delhi-11w Ne , 1 002 Phone:(011)6873532. 687 3138 Fax:(011)6873814

Numbe f Watero r Resources Managemen Policd an t y Staff4 :

Key Personnel

DR. PAUL VEDELD, Second Secretary (Development) E-mail: [email protected]

TARA SHARMA, Adviser E-mail: [email protected]

GRAOV , Adviser E-mail: [email protected]

RENU WADHWA, Adviser E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size38.$ 7 :US million (Grant 24.$ 9:US million)

Key Priorities/ Aims And Scope Future Directions/ Policies The overall aim for Norwegian Development Co-operation is to contribute to lasting im- provements in economic, social and political conditions for the populations of developing countries. Development assistance shoul particuladn i r benefit poodeprived ran d people. Least developed countries are given particular emphasis. Development assistance should be designed so that it seeks to avoid dependence upon continued assistance and that it enhance genuinsa e recipient responsibilit varioue th r yfo s supports embarked upon.

Norwegian development co-operation aim strengthenint sa developine gth g countriesn ow ' ability and willingness to reduce their poverty problems. It also aims at promoting economi- callenvironmentalld yan y sustainable developmen enhanco t d an t e good governance through institutional capacity building in planning and management activities. Important target areas for Norwegian development assistance include the strengthening

139 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector In India

of sectors such as food production, health, natural resource management, education and the promotion of employment opportunities, in order to ensure that development processes benefit also poor people. Such strategies must be developed and adapted separately for the individual developing country.

Crosscutting themes with major bearings for Norwegian assistance thus include concerns environmente foth r womenr fo , , childre economic/sociad nan l development, peace- de , mocrac humad yan n rights, institutional capacity buildin improvind gan econome gth n yi assisted countries.

The main thrus f Norwegiao t n development co-operatio lonns i g term assistance provided fore th f mgrants o n i assistance .Th untieds ei , i.e. granted without particular conditions requiring that funds be used for the purchase of goods and services from the donor country. A smaller portion is used for short-term emergency relief. In addition, Norway provides special assistance to business trade and industry. Such assistance deviates from the principle of untied assistance.

Development assistanc administerees i d wit intentioe hth achievinf no greasonabla e distribution between bilateral assistance, which goes directly to developing countries, and multilateral assistance, whic channellehs i d throug UN-systee hth developmend man t banks.

Programme Assistance to India Since 1995 India is no longer among Norway's country programme partners. The co-opera- tionevertheless nha s continued albei reducea n o t d scale. Priority sector r Norwegiasfo n assistance to India, revised in 1996, were environment, basic education and efforts for eradication of child labour, assistance to women and cultural co-operation. With India's nuclear missile tests in 1998, Norway followed suit with other donors and reduced the development assistance in general. Research and commercial sector co-operation have been put under suspension as have high tech environmental programmes. Still, rather close political contac culturad an t l co-operatio bees nha n maintaine thidn i s period.

Collaboratio geographicallw no s ni y concentrate statee th f Himachao so dt l Pradesh, Karnataka and Orissa.

Norwegian development funds have been channelled through the public sector, but also increasingly Non-Government Organisations, private institutions, companies varioud an , s other organisations have received funds and attention and become operational channels for development assistance activities.

Trends In development focus Considerable funds have been allotted for women's social and economic development, for eradicatioe th f chilno d r programme laboufo d an r s promotin f natura o wiseg a e - us rre l sources and for the reduction of air and water pollution activities. Less emphasis has in later years been put on productive and commercial sector programmes and on direct health related programmes. Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation

Future emphasi r sfo Bilateral collaboration wil channelee b l d through both state-to-stat privatd ean e sector pro- development CO-Operation grammes. Long-term objective develoso t wil e lb p co-operation betwee countrieo tw e nth s with emphasi thn so e environmen sociae th d l sectoan t r wit speciaha l focu povertn so y eradication.

There will be an increasing focus on the civil society and on enhancing institutional compe- tence buildin publie th gn ci sector private th n i ,e secto amond ran g NGOs.

More focus will be put on the development of donor networks, both formal and in particular informal. Donor co-ordination is also in line with Norwegian priorities concerning donor agency strategies.

Projects: Current

Project Name Location: Himachal Pradesh

Himachal Pradesh Value: US$ 7.6mtllion (Grant: US$ 1.6 million) Environmental Programme Contact: Dr. P Vedeld

Completion Date: 1999 (extended upto 2000)

Kev Partner; Government of Himachal Pradesh

Key Words: capacity building, environment, environmental health, management of service providers, policy reforms, poverty, public sector reform, research, technical studies, transforming institutions, water resources management

Project Name Location: Himachal Pradesh

Norwegian Environmental Programme, Value: US millio0 $4. n (Grant: US$ 3.20 million) Himachal Pradesh Contact: Dr. P Vedeld

Start Date: 1997

Completion Date: 2002

Kev Partner-. Governmen f Himachato l Pradesh

Kev Words.- capacity building, environment, environmental health, managemenf to service providers, NGOs, operation and maintenance, policy reforms, poverty, public sector reform, research, solid waste management, technical studies, transforming institutions, water quality, water resources management

_J41_ The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Project Name Location: Karnataka

Indo Norwegian Environment Programme, Value: US$ 5.7 million (Grant: US$ 1.0 million) Karnataka Contact VedelP . :Dr d

Start Date: 1997

Completion Date: 2002

Key Partner: Government of Karnataka

Key Words: capacity building, environment, environmental health, managemenf o t service providers, NGOs, operatio maintenanced nan , policy reforms, poverty, public sector reform, research, solid waste management, technical studies, transforming institutions, water quality, water resources management

Protect Name Location: Orissa

Orissa Environment Programme millio2 Value5. $ n US :(Grant )

Contact VedelP . Dr : d

Start Date: 1992

Completion Date: 2000

Key Partner: Governmen f Orisso t a

Key Words-, capacity building, environment, environmental health, management of service providers, NGOs, operation and maintenance, policy reforms, poverty, public sector reform, research, solid waste management, technical studies, transforming institutions, water quality, water resources management

Protect Name Location: Delhi

Utility Mapping in Delhi by NIC millio7 Value2. $ n US :(Grant )

Contact VedelP . :Dr d

Completion Date: 2000

Kev Partner: National Informatics Centre Delhw Ne ,i

Key Words: capacity building, environment, management of service providers, operation and maintenance, research, solid waste management, technical studies, transforming institutions, urban sanitation, urban water supply Norwegian Agency For Development Cooperation

Project Name Location: National

National Databuoy system Value: US$ 3.5 million (Grant)

Contact: Dr. P Vedeld

Start Date: 1996

Completion Date: 1999

Key Partner: National Institute for Ocean Technology, Chennai

Key Words: capacity building, environment, environmental health, research, water quality, water resources management

Project Name Location: Himachal Pradesh

Himachal Pradesh NGOs Value: US$ 1.00 million (Grant: US$ 0.80 million)

Contact VedelP . :Dr d

Completion Date: 2002

Kev Partner: Select NGOs of Himachal Pradesh

Key Words: capacity building, environment, hygiene promotion, micro financing, NGOs, solid waste management, water quality, water resources management

Project Name Location: Karnataka

Karnataka NGOs Value: US$ 2.50 million (Grant: US$ 2.00 million)

Contact VedelP . Dr : d

Start Date: 1999

Completion Date: 2002

Kev Partner: Select NGOs of Karnataka

Kev Words: capacity building, environment, hygiene promotion, micro financing, NGOs, solid waste management, water quality, water resources management The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Project Name location: Orlssa

Orissa NGOs Value: US$ 2.50 million (Grant 1.9$ 0US : million)

Contact: Dr. P Vedeld

Start Date: 1999

Completion Date: 2002

Key Partner: Select NGOs of Orissa

Key Words: capacity building, environment, hygiene promotion, micro financing, NGOs, solid waste management, water quality, water resources management

Project Name Location: National (except Karnataka, Himachal Prades Orissad han )

All India NGOs Value: US$ 4.00 million (Grant: US$ 3.00 million)

Contact VedelP . :Dr d

Completion Date: 2002

Kev Partner: Select NGOs of All India (except those in the states of Karnataka, Himachal Prades Orissad han )

Kev Words:capacltv building, environment, hygiene promotion, micro financing, NGOs, solid waste management, water quality, water resources management Sida

Swedish International Development Co-operation Agency

Development Co-operation Section, Embassy of Sweden, Nyaya Marg Delhw ,Ne - i111 002 Phone: (Oil 5767 )68 0 Fax:(011) 688 5540

Number of Water and Sanitation Professional Staff: 1

Key Personnel

RAMES MUKALLAHC , Programme Officer E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size-. 48.5 millio (Grank nSe t Aid)

Key Priorities/ Sida Water and Environmental Sanitation Policy Future Directions/ Policies The objectives of Swedish Development Co-operation are to promote economic growth, economi sociad can l equality including gender equality, economi politicad can l independence developmene ,th f democracyo t sustainable ,th f naturao e eus l resource card r sean fo the environment.

India is one of the Asian countries that in the past has received regular support from Sweden.

Other countries that receive Swedish assistance are mainly in the southern and eastern part f Africso a together with Bangladesh, Vietnam, Cambodia Laosd ,an .

l fundAl s through SidGran e givee basisth t tie d a grantar e n tAi procurenno do o t Th e . sar - ment in Sweden, except for projects in the energy sector.

The Indo-Swedish co-operation whic bees hha n terminated since Pokharan test cons swa - centrate fivdn i e major sectors:

• Social forestr wastelandd yan s development Primary health • Elementary and non-formal education • Energy

145 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Projects: Current

Project Name location: National

UNICEF, National Rural Water Supply value: 48.5 million Sek (Grant) and Sanitation Programme Contact: Rames MukallhC a

Start Date: April 1,1998

Completion Date: Marc 200, h31 0

Kev Partner: UNICEF, Government of India

§.- cost recovery, community participation, environment, gender, hygiene promotion, operation and maintenance, policy reform, rural, sanitation, water supply

J46 United Nations Development Program

55, Lodi Estate, New Delhi - 110 003 Phone: (011)462 8877 Fax:(011)4627612

Number of UNDP Environment and GEF Division Water Group Staff: 2

Key Personnel

Dr PRADEEP MONGA, Assistant Resident Representative E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size320,00$ US : 0 (Grant Aid)

Key Priorities/ UNDP's Water Strategy Future Directions/ Policies The Strategic Framewor Unitee th r kdfo Nations Development Programme (UNDP) 'Capac- Buildiny it Sustainablr gfo e Managemen Watef to r Resource thd es an Aquati c Environment', March 1998, highlights the six key characteristics of the UNDP's water strategy:

It links the entire continuum of freshwater, coastal and marine environments. • It focuses on capacity building for management of water resources and aquatic environment. • It builds on UNDP's proven strengths and capabilities. linkes i t I UNDP'do t • s four area f focusso : poverty, livelihoods, environmental protection womend ,an . t embodieI • internationae sth l consensu thinkinf s o mos e th tn gimportano t interventions relate freshwateo dt oceand an r representes sa variouy db s conventiond san agreements. • It targets actions to address the four principal challenges associated with water scar- pollutioncitd yan , namely, food security; human health; declin aquatie th f eo c environment sociald ;an , economi politicad can l stability.

The UNDP Advisory Note, Towards a Government of India-UNDP Country Co-operation Frame- work 1997-2001, November 1996, states the overall strategy for Government of India-UNDP co-operation.

147 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

The overriding goal for UNDP development co-operation in India under CCF-1 is to support national programmes in promoting growth with equity, with particular emphasis on human development and poverty reduction.

Four thematic objectives and areas of priority are recommended in the UNDP Advisory Note. These are:

• employmen sustainabld an t e livelihoods; • access to basic services; • management of development; and • sustainable development

Ten programmes under the CCF-1 are identified covering the four thematic areas men- tioned above. With respec 1o t ) employmen sustainabld an t e livelihoods Fooe ,th d Secu- rity Programme Includes a component on people's participation in water resource management at grassroots level.

Moreover, with respect to 4) sustainable development, the Environment Programme emphasises on management of natural resources and water use.

The main outputs of the Environment Programme with respect to water use and manage- integraten mena e ar t d approac wateo ht r managemen revivaa d f traditionaan to l l water harvesting and conservation systems.

The activities planned are participatory planning and management of water development projects, small grant NGOso st , micro-watershed scheme spread san f informationdo .

The location is coastal areas (salinisation), polluted water sources, falling water table areas, dryland and unirrigated areas.

The executin r implementingo g agencie state sar e governments, NGO communitd san y groups, with participation from the Rajiv Gandhi Drinking Water Mission, Centre for Science Environmentd an Inter-Agenc,N CGWU d Can y Support Group.

Key Documents

1. The Strategic Framework for United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)- 'Capacity Building for Sustainable Management of Water Resources and the Aquatic Environment', March 1998. 2. Advisory Note- Towards a Government of Indla-UNDP Country Co-operation Framework 1997-2001', November 1996. 3. Environment Programme Support, Government of India and UNDP Country Co-operation Framework-1 (1997- 2001), September 1997. United Nations Development Programme

Projects: Current

Project Name Location: National

UNICEF, Small Grants Facility to Value: US$ 300,000 (Grant) Support Initiatives in the Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector Contact Pradeer :D p Monga, Environmen GEd Fan t Division

Start Date: February 1999

Completion Date: December 2000

Key Partner: Ministry of Environment and Forests, The World Bank

Key Words: rural water supply, rural sanitation, urban water supply, urban sanitation, water resources management, environmental health, community participation, capacity building, research, gender, NGOs

149 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

150 United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

UNESCO House Poorv,8 i Marg, Vasant Vihar, Delhi-11w Ne 7 005 Phone: (011 73104 63084 )61 62854 61 ,6588 4 61 , 14374 61 , 00384 61 , 0034 61 , 61 ,9 Fax: (011)614 3351, 614 2714

Kev Personnel

M S AlAM, Sr. Programme Specialist (Science Operations) E-mail: [email protected]

R JAYAKUMAR, Programme Officer (Hydrology, Geology & CSI) E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: US$ 125,000 (Grant)

Key Priorities/ Developments trends, strategies and priorities Future Directions/ Policies The UNESCO's International Hydrologlcal Programme (IMP) is a vehicle through which Mem- ber State upgradn sca e their knowledg watee th f ero cycl therebd ean y increase thei- rca pacity to better manage and develop their water resources. It aims at the improvement of the scientific and technological basis for the development of methods for the rational managemen f wateo t r resources theme presene th Th .f eo t cycle. Fifth Phase IHP-V (1996- 2001), is Hydrology and Water Resources Development in a Vulnerable Environment.

The Programm framewora es i applier kfo d researc educatiod han fiele th f hydrolog do n i y and water management. It should be regarded as a dynamic concept whose aim is to improve the links between research, application, and education and to promote scientific educationad an l activities. Ther three ear e main clusters containing problems relate: dto

• Resource proces managemend san t studies • Regional studies • Transfer of knowledge, information and technology

The clusters interlink with each other f thes.o t Withiese clusterse nth , eight themes have been identifie suppora s da t structur whole th r eefo programme. The acrost ycu s different The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

hydrological scale differend san t climatic regions t havbu , e integrated water management vulnerabla n i e environmen commoa s a t n issue eighe .Th t themes are:

1. Global hydrologica biochemicad an l l processes 2. Eco-hydrological process in the surficial zone 3. Groundwater resources at risk 4. Strategie water sfo r resources managemen emergencn i t conflictind yan g situations 5. Integrated water resources management in arid and semi arid zones 6. Humid tropics hydrology and water management 7. Integrated urban water management 8. Transfer of Knowledge, Information and Technology

Membee Alth l r States coming under UNESC Delhw ONe i Office fall unde categore rth f yo developing countries. The stile ylar developing their agricultur infrastructurd ean meeeo t t the needs of a very rapidly increasing population. All governments have given the highest priorit provisioe th yo t f drinkinno g wate allo rt . These complex considerations necessitate an assessment, development managemend an , f availablo t e limited water resources. UNESC makinOs i g effort assuro st e trained manpowe l levelal t ra meeso t emergine th t g challenges of scientific water management.

It is also engaged in providing:

• Strengthened support for regional environmental research and observation of the to- l Eartta h System; • Research and studies at the local and regional scale on: the hydrological cycle, impacts f climato e change; coastal zones; los f bio-diversityso ; vulnerabilit f fragilyo e ecosystems; impacts of changing land use, of waste and human attitudes and behaviour. • Special effort education si buildinn i f scientifid o nan p gu c Institution- welin s sa s a l volvement of a wide segment of the population in environment and development problem solve.

UNESCO's Environment and Development in Coastal Regions and in Small Islands (CSI) initiative responds to calls for integrated approaches to major coastal problems. The CSI is implemented primarily through the development of pilot projects. Key themes include:

• Integrated freshwater managemen islandn i t coastad san l cities • Sustaining coastal communitie biologicae th d san l diversity upon which they depend • Rural-urban migratio environmentae th d nan l qualit coastaf yo l settlements • Impact f coastaso l erosio sea-leved nan l ris societyn eo .

152 United Nations Educational Scientific Culturaland Organization

Projects: Current

Project Name Location: Uttar Pradesh

International Post Graduate Coursn eo \/a|U£: US$15,000 (Grant) Hydrology Contact JayakumaR r D : r

Start Date: Every year July (July 2000)

Completion Date: Every next year June (June 2001)

Key Partner: Departmen f Hydrologyo t , Universit f Roorkeeyo , RoorkeeP U ,

Key Words: capacity building, water resources management

Project Name Location: ICIMOD, Kathmandu Nepal

Regional capacity building workshops on Vajue: US$10,000 (Grant) Hindu Kush Himalayan- Flow Regimes from International Experimental Network Contact: Dr R Jayakumar & HKH-FRIEND Secretariat, MNR division Data (HKH-FRIEND) Start Date: March 2000

Completion Date: December 2001

Kev Partner: ICOMOD, Kathmandu, National Focal Points for HKH-FRIEND Project from India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, China, Pakistan, Myanmar

Kev Words: water resources management, capacity building

Project Name Location: Delhi

Regional Workshop Value: US$ 7,500 (Grant) on Eco-hydrology (Sediment process In reservoir and deltas) Contact JayakumaR r :D r

Start Date: March 2001

Completion Date: December 2001

Kev Partner: School of Environmental Sciences JNU, New Delhi, NIH Roorkee

Kev Words: water resources management, environment, water quality

153 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector In India

Project Name location-. Tamil Nadu

Regional Workshop on Groundwater Value: US$ 7,000 (Grant) Quality Modelling - Applications of Various Modelling Techniques CQDlact: Dr R Jayakumar

Start Date: March 2001

Completion Date-. December 2001

Key Partner: Centr r Geo-Sciencefo Engineeringd ean , Anna University, Chennai, Central Ground Water Board, Governmen Indif to a

s: water quality, technical studies, environment

Project Name Location: Delhi

International Conferenc Integraten eo d Value 5,00$ US :0 (Grant) Water Resources Management for Sustainable Development Contact: Dr R Jayakumar ,

Start Date: August 2000

Completion Date: December 2000

Key Partner: Ministr f Wateyo r Resources, GOI, National Institut f Hydrologyeo , Roorkee

Key Words: water resources management, water quality, environment

Project Name Location: Karnataka

NIH/KFD/UNESCO Projec "Hydrologn o t y Value: US$ 5,000 (Grant) Evaluatio Impace th f nf o Fores o t t Rehabilitation Strategies" Karnataka Stale Contact: Dr R Jayakumar Forests of Western Ghats, India Start Date I PhasI : e will start during April-May 2001

Key Partner: National Institute of Hydrology, Karnataka Forest Department

s: environment, community participation, research

154 United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation

Project Name Location: Gujarat

Pilot Project on Environmental, Social and Mue: US$12,500 (Grant) Cultural Implication Ship-breakina f o s g Industry, Alang-Sosia, Gujarat, India Contact: Dr R Jayakumar

Start Date: September 2000

Completion Date: April 2001

Key Partner: Bhavnagar University, Gandhi Labour Institute, Gujarat Ecological Commission, Gujarat Maritime Board

Key Words: environment, environmental health, water resource management, community participation, research

755 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector In India

156 United Nations Inter Agency Working Grou Waten po d an r Environmental Sanitation

UNICEF - WESS, 73, Lodhi Estate, New Delhi -110 003 Phone:(011)4690401 extn.1318 Fax: (011) 462 7521,4691410

Key Personnel

RUPERT TALBOT, Chairperson [email protected]

AKH1LESH GAUTAM, Coordinator - UN IAWG WES E-mail: [email protected]

Annual Programme Size: Rs 1,300,000 approx. (Grant)

Key Priorities/ The Working Group Future Directions/ Policies ^ ' ~ common agencie foruN U r mfo s workin wate sanitatioe d th ran gn i n T e UN IAWG WES is a sectors forue establishes .Th mwa Apridn i l 1996 with three broad mandates,

1. Learning and communication 2. Policy dialogue and reforms 3. Sharing Information

The UN-IAWG-WES (the Working Group co-ordinatina s i ) g mechanism which aim t buildsa - consensug in creatind san g convergence among secto roperationa n partnersa s ha t I . l perspective on UN reform efforts and works towards a closer collaboration between UN agencie othed san r development agencie improvo st qualite e th efficienc d yan f proyo - gramme sectore Workinth e n si Th . g Group doe t restricsno dialogus it t agencie N U eo t s alone; working relationships have been established with line ministrie Governmene th f so t f Indio a (Gol), sector agencies expandine ar d ,an includgo t e NGO community-based san d organisations. Recent global conferences which have further emphasise importance dth e f applyino g knowledg experiencd ean mora n ei e focused manne achievo t r e improved impact greated san r sustainabilit f benefityo developmenn si t programmes serve mans a - UN-IAWG-WESe dateth r sfo ' work Workine Th . g Groux si chaire ps i s UNICEe ha th y d b Fan other members: UNDP, WHO, FAO, UNESCO Worle ,Th d Ban WSP-SAd kan .

157 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector In India

Guiding Principles The group has outlined a conceptual framework for the IAWG-WES' mandate and activities. The Group has three distinct and yet inter-connecting areas of operation that focuses on (i) Wate Food-Agriculturr rfo e (ii) Water Resourc Environmend ean (iiid )tan Water requirement for Domestic use in both rural and urban areas. Each of these three areas of interest has different stakeholder thert scommoye e ear n themes cutting across them. Give crisie nth s scenario in the water sector and its strategic importance to all the UN agencies, Water has been considered as an UNDAF subject for gender and decentralisation theme. Therefore, IAWG-WES has broadened its partnership to include the Government, ESAs, NGOs, and private sector. Besides governmene ,th t ownership ove initiativee rth s undertakeN U e th y nb system woul instrumentae db r effectivlfo e Intervention f IAWG-WEso S forum.

The ultimate objective of collaboration in the water sector is to Increase the sustainability and impac f investmentso t , both publi privated can . Achieving this will require development of a common understanding of sector issues and reaching agreement on implementation strategies pooline Th . f resourcego s from participatin meane gth agencief o s e on s i to maximise the impact of limited resources and to effectively utilise each agency's com- parative advantage(s) within a common framework. This co-ordination is expected to increase the overall impact of development assistance to India and to facilitate the exchange of knowledge and best practices across institutional boundaries.

Future Directions The Working Group publishes thematic documents suc "johas ha d Watershed". Johaa ds i traditional watershed technology used extensivel Rajasthayn i storinr nfo g rainwater. SANGAM the joint UN newsletter published twice a year will continue to serve as interactive forum r WEfo S player Indian si . Water quality, source sustainabilit WEd yan urbaS n i n areas will guid future eth e activitie workine th f so g group through sector co-ordination meetings with participation of Government of India, External Support Agencies and NGOs.

Projects: Current

Project Name Location: New Delhi

Celebration of World Water Day Valuers 45,000 (Grant)

Contact: Akhilesh Gautam

, Start Date: Marc ever2 h2 y year

Rev Partner: UN Agencies, Ministry of Water Resources - Government of India, ESAs and NGOs

|§: NGOs, water resources management United Nations inter Agency Working Croup Water on Environmental and Sanitation

Project Name Location: National and relevant to the South Asia

WES Thematic Documentation Value: Rs 1,000,000 (Grant)

Contact: Akhllesh Gautam

Start Date: January 2000

Completion Date: December 2000

Key Partner: UN agencies, ESAs, Gol - RGNDWM and NGOs

Key Words: environment, NGOs, research, technical studies

Project Name Location: National

Sector Co-ordination on WES Value 60,00s R : 0 (Grant)

Contact: Akhilesh Gautam

Kev Partner: UN Agencies, ESAs, Gol - RGNDWM and NGOs

Key Words: capacity building, private sector participation, public sector reform, environment, NGOs, research, technical studies

Project Name Location: National

SANGAM - Join NewsletteN U t WEn o r S Value 200,00s :R 0 (Grant)

Contact: Akhilesh Gautam

Start Date issueo :Tw s every year

Completion Date: April 2001

Kev Partner: WSP-SA Worle ,Th d Bank, UNICEF, UNDPO ,WH UNESCOd an O FA ,

Kev Words: environment, NGOs, research

159 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector In India United Nations Children's Fund

Child's Environment, Sanitation, Hygiend ean Water Supply Section, UNICEF India Country Office, 73 Lodi Estate, New Delhi - 110 003 Phone: (011 04019 1409 )46 ,46 1 Fax: (011)462 7521,4691410

Number of Professional staff: 7

Key Personnel

RUPERT TALBOT, Chief E-mail: [email protected]

SUMITA GANGULY, Coordinator (Sanitation) E-mail: [email protected]

HENK VAN NORDEN, Co-ordinator (Water Supply) E-mail: [email protected]

VISHWAS JOSHI, Project Officer (WES) E-mail: [email protected]

ARUN MUDGAL, Mechanical Engineer, Consultant E-mail: [email protected]

TAPAS DATTA, Project Officer - WES E-mail: [email protected]

SUBHASH KHANNA, Consultant E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: US$ 13.90 million in 2000 (Grant, General Resources: US$ 5.25 million, DFID Funds (New): US$ 5.76 million, SIDA Funds: US$ 2.88 million)

161 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

Project/Field Offices Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh UNICEF, E-7/650, Arera Colony UNICEF, Khairatabad Bhopal - 462 016 Hyderaba4 00 0 50 d- Phone: (0755) 565 916, 272 016 Phone: (040 49331 4521 )33 33 ,8 566568, 565031, 723 814 331 4973 Fax: (0755) 563 623 Fax: (040 4971 )33 3 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected]

Bhubaneswar, Orissa Jaipur, Rajasthan UNICEF Fores3 25 , t Park UNICEF, 2, Raj Bhawan Road, (Near Bhagat Bhubaneswar - 751 009 Watika), Civil Lines Phone: (06748 268 1 34 760 0 0 53 )53 , 53 , Jaipur 302 006 Fax:(0674)530168 Phone: (0141) 380 121, 381 638 E-mail: [email protected] Fax:(0141)382634 E-mail: [email protected] Calcutta, West Bengal UNICEF, 3, Sunny Park, Calcutta 700 019 Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh Phone: (033 23255 2795 47 ) 47 , 4 UNICEF, 14-B, Mall Avenue, Lal Bahadur 475 8038, 475 2980 Shastri Marg, Luckno1 00 6 w22 Fax: (033)4750304 Phone:(0522)239527, 239317 E-mail: [email protected] 239318,239481,211 196 E-mail: [email protected] Chennal, Tamil Nadu UNICEF Chittranja, 20 , n Road, (Off Mumbai, Maharastra Cenotaph Road), Chennai - 600 018 UNICEF, Ravindra Mansion, Dinsha Vacha Phone: (044) 432 2134, 435 0332 Road, Mumbai 400 020 435 3437, 434 4051 Phone: (022) 202 0010, 202 8063 Fax: (044)4343422 2027515,2027874 E-mail: [email protected] Fax:(022)2027819 E-mail: [email protected] Gandhinagar, Gujarat UNICEF, Plot No. 70, Sector 19 Patna, Bihar Gandhinaga - r38201 9 UNICEF , Patliputr8 , a Colony Phone: (02712) 259 71, 307 61, 270 34 Patna 800 013 25366 Phone: (0612) 261 621, 261 728 Fax: (02712)253 64 Fax: (06120 62 1 )26 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected]

162 United Nations Children's Fund

Child's Environment: Sanitation, Hygien Wated ean r Supply

Programme Objectives UNICEF is mandated by the United Nations General Assembly to advocate for the protection f children'o s rights helo ,t p meet their basic expanneedo t d san d their opportunitieo st reach their full potential.

The Governmen f Indi o tUNICEd aan F collaborat woro et k toward goae sf th assurin o l g every child the right to safe water and a clean environment. With considerable national achievements in provision of drinking water, the GOI-UNICEF programme makes a strategic shift to focus more Intensively on environmental sanitation and hygiene. Ambitious goals for increasing sanitation coverage will be supported with major efforts in social mobilisation and behavioural change, using schools as important centres for creating new norms of hygiene in the community. The maturing of the water well drilling sector allows UNICEF to phase out support in this area, allowing attention to shift to water quality, sustainability, managemene th d an f freso t h water resources emergine Th . g urban environmental crisis mandates special attention. Resource, mobilisation, private sector involvement Govd ,an - ernment-civil society partnership will be important programme elements. Within this overall framework, UNICEF resources will focus on states/regions with the poorest indicators of children's wellbeing.

Specifically, the Government and UNICEF collaborate to:

• Increase awareness of families and communities on hygienic practices and the importance of safeguarding their immediate environment. • Promote sanitation and hygiene in and through schools to bring about behavioural change and to enable all children to realise their right to basic education. • Increase acces sanitaro st y mean f excretso a disposa safea d r an environmenl r fo t children. • Strengthen community participation and promotion of the active involvement of women nationae th n i l water suppl sanitatiod yan n programmes. • Ensure access to safe drinking water for the remaining 14 per cent of the population. • Create a sustainable water environment in the country.

Strategy Tne Government of India and UNICEF Programme strategy extends support to the country's efforts to assure every child the right to safe water and a clean environment by:

• Promoting education for behavioural change by simple practices such as hand wash- ing after defecation and before eating. • Improving qualit sustainabilitd yan developmeny yb appropriatef o t , simple technologies that will enable communitie tesqualito se t th t waterf yo . • Enhancing community participation, which will entail a shift in strategy from a supply- driven welfare approac demand-drivea ho t n strategy, callin greatea r gfo r degref eo community participation. • Encouraging innovative approaches to reach socially backward communities or difficul reaco t h area ensurd san e sustainabilit f investmentsyo .

Key Documents

1. A Programme for Children and Women in India - Plan of Operations 1999-2002; Government of India In co-operation with the United Nations Children's Fund.

163 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

» Promoting inter-sectoral convergenc workiny eb g closely with other departmentd san programmes, to bring water and sanitation service providers into a closer and more responsive working relationship

Projects UNICEF play catalytisa watece sanitatiorold th en ran i n sector, focussing mor environn eo - mental sanitatio hygiened nan sustainabilitys welit s a ,s a l emergine Th . g urban environment is receiving special attention. In water supply, attention has shifted to water quality, rejuvenation of drilled wells, decentralised systems for maintenance and repair, and the management of fresh water resources.

Within this overall framework, almost hal f UNICEfo F WE- S resources majo x flosi wo t r states of Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Assam which have the poorest indicator record san chilf do d survival towards child's environment programmd ean development rights ,cenr whil f resourcepe o t 0 e3 devotee sar sevedo t n other non-focus states. The balance UNICEF resources are used in the remaining states and national level activities.

Protect ? The main objectives of this project are to: Environmental Sanitation and Hygiene • Promote the seven components of sanitation through govt. and NGO channels; • Scal alternatp eu e deliver credid yan t mechanisms. • Develop a suitable communication and social mobilisation strategy for promoting improved hygiene behaviour. • Expand the scope of the CDD-WASTAN strategy to include nutrition for a better synergistic effect.

Project 2 The main objectives of this project are to: Rural Water Supply • Develop sustainable technologie community-based san d approaches. • Develop operational systems for community-based water quality surveillance and home/ community water treatment. • Establish decentralised system operationr sfo , maintenanc repaid e an watef ro r supply systems • Develop approache improver sfo d managemen fresf o t h water resources.

Protect 3 The main objectives are to: Urban Environment • Advocat policr efo y change toward bettesa r environmen urbae th r n tfo poor . • Establish strong slum networking in selected cities. • Identif develod yan p community-based demonstration project r homsfo e sanitation and solid waste management. • Establish linkages with urban CCA.

Project 4 The main objectives are to: MIS and Surveillance • Establish an effective system for community-based monitoring. • Provide timely reporting on the implementing of the programme.

164 United Nations Children's Fund

Partnerships Alliances are strengthened with NGOs and other partners in civil society. Some of the partner agencies include NDDB, Co-operative Unions l Indi,Al a Women's Conference, Bharat Scout Guidesd san , Mahila Samakhyas, Nehru Yuvak Kendra NSSd san . UNICEF works closely with other UN agencies supporting the WatSan sector, in particular UNDP, UNDP/World Bank Regional Wate Sanitatiod ran n Group, World Ban WHOd Worlke an .Th d Wide Funr dfo Nature (WWF anothes )i r important partner. Co-ordination with other donor agenciee th sn i sector, including the Dutch Government, DFID, SIDA, DANIDA, Water Aid, USAID, etc, is further strengthened.

UNICEF recognise importance sth f trainineo capacitd gan y buildin wategn i environd ran - mental sanitatio supportd nan s both sector-wid projecd ean t specific human resourc- ede velopment.

UN Inter Agency Working Group UNICEF currently hosts this working group and has provided the Co-ordiantor. Wate Environmenta& r l Sanitation

Budget Subjec availabilito t fundsf yo , UNICEF will allocate about US millio$5 year nGenerape n r i l millioResource7 $ Supplementarnn US i d san y Fund Child'e th so t s Environment programme. The supplementary funds will be solicited from donors jointly with Government of India.

UNICEF funds will be primarily used for:

• Social mobilisation, information, communication, health education; • Capacity building; • Alternate delivery system credid san t mechanisms; • Developmen documentatiod an t f sectono r policie approachesd san ; • Productio f IEno C materials,- • Commissionin studief go surveysd san .

Projects: Current

Project Name location: Andhra Pradesh

Child's Environment: Sanitation, Hygiene Value 818,00$ US : 0 (Grant) Wated an r Supply Contact: Dev Vaish, Project Officer - WESS, UNICEF, Hyderabad

Key Partner: Andhra Pradesh: Public Health Engineering Department, Rural Develop- ment Department and Zilla Parishads.

Key Words: environment, hygiene promotion, community participation, rural sanitation, rural water supply, water resources management, water quality, solid waste management, gender, health, NGOs

165 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector in India

Project Name Location: Assam

Child's Environment: Sanitation, Value: US$ 594,000 (Grant) Hygien Wated ean r Supply Contact: Chandan Sengupta, Project Office - rWESS , UNICEF, Calcutta

Key Partner: Public Health Engineering Department.

Key Words: hygiene promotion, environmental health, gender, health, community participation, NGOs, poverty, rural sanitation, rural water supply, water resources management, water quality, solid waste management

Protect Name Location: Bihar

Child's Environment: Sanitation, Value 1,056,00$ US : 0 (Grant) Hygiene and Water Supply Contact: Dipak Roy, Project Officer - WESS, UNICEF, Patna

Key Partner: Public Health Engineering Department

Project Name Location: Gujarat

Child's Environment: Sanitation, Value: US$515,000 (Grant) Hygien Wated ean r Supply Contact: Arun Mudgerikar, Project Officer - WESS, UNICEF, Gandhinagar

Key Partner: Ground Water Supply & Survey Board, Zilla Parishads

166 United Nations Children's Fund

Project Name Location: Karnataka

Child's Environment: Sanitation, Value: US$500,000 (Grant) Hygien Wated ean r Supply Contact: Dev Vaish, Project Officer - WESS, UNICEF, Hyderabad

Kev Partner: Karnataka: Public Health Engineering Departmen Zilld aan t Parishads

Project Name Location: Kerala

Child's Environment: Sanitation, Value: US$ 400,000 (Grant) Hygiene and Water Supply Contact: Jaya Gokulmani, Project Officer - WESS, UNICEF, Chennai

Kev PartnenDepartmen f Rurao t l Development

Kev Words: hygiene promotion, environmental health, gender, health, community participation, NGOs, poverty, rural sanitation, rural water supply, water resources management, water quality, solid waste management

Project Name Location: Madhya Pradesh

Child's Environment: Sanitation, Value: US$ 1,559,000 (Grant) Hygiene and Water Supply Contact: Dauda Wurie, Project Office - rWESS , UNICEF, Bhopal

Kev Partner: Public Health Engineering Department, Panchayati Raj Department

Project Name Location: Maharashtra

Child's Environment: Sanitation, Value 500,00$ US : 0 (Grant) Hygien Wated ean r Supply Contact: Renu Gera, Project Office - rWESS , UNICEF, Mumbai

Key Partner: Water Supply & Sanitation Department, Groundwater Survey Develop- ment Agency, Zilla Parishads.

Project Name Location: Orissa

Child's Environment: Sanitation, Value: US$ 1,060,000 (Grant) Hygien Wated ean r Supply Contact: Abdul Kalam, Project Officer - WESS, UNICEF, Bhubaneswar

Kev Partner: Rural Water Suppl Sanitatioy& n Organisation (RWSSO)

Project Name Location: Rajasthan

Child's Environment: Sanitation, Value: US$ 1,650,000 (Grant) Hygien Wated ean r Supply Contact MoorthyN : , Project Office - rWESS , UNICEF, Jaipur

Kev Partner: Public Health Engineering Department, Zilla Panchyats, Panchayati Raj Department

168 United Nations Children's Fund

Project Name Location-. Tamil Nadu

Child's Environment: Sanitation, ya|ue: US$ 450,000 (Grant) Hygiene and Water Supply Contact: Jaya Gokulmani, Project Officer- WESS, UNICEF, Chennai

Key Partner: Tamil Nadu: TWAD Board, Departmen f Rurato l Development

Project Name location: Uttar Pradesh

Child's Environment: Sanitation, value 1,200,00$ :US 0 (Grant) Hygiene and Water Supply Contact: S R Mendiratta, Project Officer- WESS, UNICEF, Lucknow

Kev Partner: Panchayat Departmenj Ra i t (Sanitation) jaP l U ,Niga m (Water Supply)

Project Name location: West Bengal

Child's Environment: Sanitation, Value 1,150,00$ :US 0 (Grant) Hygien Wated ean r Supply Contact: Chandan Sengupta, Project Officer - WESS, UNICEF, Calcutta

Kev Partner: West Bengal: Panchayati Raj Department (Sanitation) & Public Health Engineering Department (Water); Zilla Parishads

169 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

170 USAID

USAID - Regiona l Urban Development Office (United States Agenc r Internationayfo l Development)

USAID/New Delhi, American Embassy, Shantipath, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-1\ Phone:(011)4198000 Fax:(011)4198454, 4198612

Numbe f RUDro O professional Staff5 :

Key Personnel

JAMES STEIN, Director, RUDO/Sout Centrah& l Asia E-mail: [email protected]

DAVID HEESEN, Deputy Director, RUDO E-mail: [email protected]

N BHATTACHARJEE, Regional Training Advisor E-mail: [email protected]

A S DASGUPTA, Project Management Specialist E-mail: [email protected]

ANAND RUDRA, Project Management Assistant E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: Urban Environment - US$ 125 million (Loan.- $ 125 Million in USAID Loan Guarantee Funds, Grant: $31 Million in Development Assistance Funds)

Project Offices l projec:Al t office Delhn i e siar

Regional Urban Develop- The Regional Urban Development Office for South Asia (RUDO/New Delhi) assists USAID ment Office Strategy Resident Country Mission Soutsn i Centrad han l Asi conceptualizo at implemend ean e th t urban facets of their program priorities and strategic objectives. The principal areas of RUDO activity include: (i) improving the quality of and expanding access to information on urban issues; (ii) improvin humae gth financiad nan l capacit locaf yo l government manso t - age the urban environment; (iii) improving local government, private developer, NGO and community-based financial institutions' acces capitao st l market resources (ivd );an implementing urban environmental infrastructure improvement programs. The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector IndiaIn

The RUD responsiblOs i r framinefo police gstrategith d yan c directio f USAID'no s shelter and urban programs in the South and Central Asia region, including Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Kazakhstan; programming and managing technical assistance and training resources with LJSAID Resident Missions; designing uses of USAID's loan and loan guaranty resources managind an ; implementatioe gth on-goinf no g Urba Environmentad nan l Credit Guaranty projects in the region.

Projects: Current

Project Name Location: Gujarat j

Improvemen f Communito t y Based Value: US$350,000 ! Environmental Infrastructure

Contact: Renana Jhabvala and Bijal Bhatt, GMHST, Ahmedabad ;

Start Date: November 1999 j

Completion Date 200y :Ma 1

: Key Partner: HUDCO & Gujarat Mahila Housing SEWA Trust (GMHST) ;

Key Words: environment, health, microfinancing, environmental health, poverty

Project Name Location: Uttar Pradesh

Community Based Environmental Value: US$ 9,000 Improvement Program Contact: Dr Deshbandhu, lES, New Delhi

Start Date: October 2000

Completion Date: September 2001

Key Partner: Indian Environmental Society (IES)

Key Words: urban sanitation, hygiene promotion, solid waste management, ! environment United States Agency Internationalfor Development

Project Name Location: Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh

F.I.R.E (Financial Institutions Reform Value: US$ 125 Million Housing Guaranty ($31 Million Development Assistance) & Expansion) Project Contact: N Bhatachaijee, USAID/New Delhi, American Embassy, New Delhi

Start Date: 1994

Completion Date: 2003

Key Partner: Ministry of Urban Development, National Institute of Urban Affairs, HUDC Infrastructurd Oan e Leasin Financiag& l Services

Key Words: environment, cost recovery, private sector participation, transforming institutions, managemen servicf o t e providers, community participation

Project Name Location: Tamil Nadu, Kerala

Community Based Environmental Value: US$ 6,000 Improvement Program Contact K:T Ramkumar, Exnora International, Chennai

Start Date: October 2000

Completion Date: September 2001

Kev Partner: EXNORA, Chennai; Cochin Municipal Corporation

Key Words: urban sanitation, hygiene promotion, solid waste management, environment

173 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain Wate Sanitaiod an r n Program- South Asia (WS) SA P -

55 Lodi Estate, P.O. Box 416, New Delhi - 110 003 Phone: (011) 469 0488, 469 0489 Fax:(011)4628250

Number of water and sanitation professional staff: 4 in the India Country Team and 2 in the Regional Team

Key Personnel (India Country Team)

SATYAJITSINGH, Rural Specialist E-mail: [email protected]

PUSHPA PATHAK, Urban Specialist E-mail: [email protected]

MIKE WEBSTER, Rural Specialist E-mail: [email protected]

Key Personnel (Regional Team)

JUNAI AHMADDK , Regional Team Leader E-mail: [email protected]

CLARISSA BROCKLEHURST, Regional Urban Specialist E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: US millio5 $1. annur npe m approximately (Technical Assistance and some grants)

Water and Sanitation The Mission Statement Program The Program helps poor gain sustained access to Improved water and sanitation services

YeaThn eTe r Wate Sanitatiod an r n Visio r Soutnfo h Asia

One billion poor women and men recognised as valid consumers of safe and affordable wate sanitatiod ran n services rangA . efficientf eo , self-sustained well-regulated ,an d public and private agents deliver such services.

175 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

The Role of WSP-SA

WSP-SA strives to support the reform of water and sanitation services for the poor in South Asi becominy ab leadine gth g sourc f fieleo d acquired knowledge, facilitating change& building partnershi advicp& r policefo y refor investmend man t decisions acros regione sth .

The Wate Sanitatiod an r n Progra internationan a ms I l partnership professiona0 5 s ha t I . l staff, mainly field based, in regional country offices, supported and managed by small team of technical and administrative staff at the headquarters office located at the World Bank in Washington. UNDP, the World Bank, and 15 bilateral donor agencies fund the Program.

In South Asia, the WSP-SA is responsible for co-ordinating programs in five countries: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. In India, the Program has a rapidly growing workplan that increasingly focuse issuee th f urban so o n service provisio pooe t th bu rno t continue wortraditionaso s t it kn i l are ruraf ao l water suppl sanitationd yan urban I . n areas the Program is building up a body of understanding and experience which will help to ensure tha neede demandtth d san poof so r people residin urbagn i no aread metd e san ar , not get lost between the endemic failure of centrally planned systems on the one hand, an scramble dth "commercialiseeo t "privatised "an thn "o e other Prograe Th . m also maintain substantiasa rurae l rolth len i wate r suppl sanitatiod yan n sectorcommittes i d an , do t increasing understandin modalitiee th f go f implementinso g demand-responsive investments.

The Program operates through partnerships with client governments, non-governmental organisations donorsd an , t workI . pilon so t investment projects, large scale investment projects which are testing innovative approaches, and on documenting and disseminating lessons from its own and its partners work. A commitment to capacity building is central to all Program activities. The Program works through a formal strategic partnership with the Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission.

WSP-SA in India In India, the Program has developed a specific vision for the coming ten years which reflect nationae sth lpotential s secto it yea n d te rre an visioTh . n states rura e thatth ln :i secto r l leaal d national institutions shoul extendine db refore gth m procesl ruraal d l watesan r suppl sanitatiod yan n investments wil made lb e withi refore nth m framework substantiaA . l proportion of small towns will have self-sustained services and urban local authorities will control their finances urban I . n areas l majo,al r utilities will have explicit institutional relationship with poor consumers acrosd sector;an e sth , there vibran a wil e b l t private sector, water will be efficiently and fairly allocated across sectors, and there will be functioning regulatory frameworks.

Reform Fo Prograe rth m "reform rurae th ln i "wate r supply, sanitation, rural developmen- ur d an t ban services sectors evidences i , Stata r organisationn di eo implementatioe th y b : f no ongoing projects with a demand responsive approach to service delivery, through the developmen policief to s strongly oriented toward spoor e equitth d , througyan integraten ha d (but discrete) approac wateho t r suppl sanitatiod yan n (including hygiene promotion)d ,an throug presence hth overaln a f eo l pro-reform enabling environment including strong regulatory systems.

176 Water and Sanitation Programme - South Asia

Other Relevant Projects/ Regional studies on private sector participation contract management, corruption, micro Initiatives credit for infrastructure (urban and rural), urban poverty, rural institutions, and their management. Also major staff inputs and learning from World Bank investments in Rural Water Suppl Sanitatiod y an , Karnataka UP n i pipelinw , Keralne d eaan project activd san e collaboration on many DFID and other donor projects and programmes.

A learninse parth f communicatioo td gan n initiative Prograe ,th m produces regular knowledge products base projecn do t experience lessond san Indiasn i Progra e Th . m also produces a newsletterya/wan/a quarterly newsletter on rural water supply and sanitation, jointly produced wit Rajie hth v Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission Nagrd an , i producey db Urbae th n Think Tank highlighting issue f municipalitso y managemen servicd an t e provision for the poor.

Projects: Current (Polic Investmentd yan )

Project Name Location: Nationa statee th f Andhrd so an l a Prades Kerald han a

Translating RWSS Policy Reforms into value: US$ 1.39 million Reality Strateg;a r Changyfo e Contact: Satyajlt Singh

Start Date: September 1999

Completion Date: August 2002

Key Partner: Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission, DFID, World Bank

Kev Words: capacity building, community participation , cost recovery, environment, hygiene promotion, policy reform, operatio maintenanced nan , research, rural sanitation, rural water supply, transforming institutions

Protect Name Location: National

Urban Environmental Sanitation: Value 1$ millioUS : n Capacity Building for Municipal Nationad an l Decision Makers Contact: Pushpa Pathak

Start Date: April 1998

Completion Date: March 2001

Kev Partner: Ministry of Urban Affairs and Employment, DFID

Kev Words: capacity building, community participation, cost recovery, demand assessment, environment, hygiene promotion, operation maintenanced san , policy reform, solid waste management, transforming institutions, research, urban water supply, urban sanitation

177 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

J78_ World Bank Infrastructure Unit

The World Bank Lod, 70 , i Estate Delhw Ne ,- i 10 3 000 Phone: (011)461 7241,461 9491 Fax: (011)461 9393,4628073 Website: www.worldbank.org.in

Numbe f wate ro sanitatio d ran n professional staff2 :

Key Personnel

ROBERT MAURER, Lead Urban Sector Specialist E-mail: [email protected]

SHYAMAL SARKAR, Senior Sanitary Engineer E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: Approximately millioUS0 $23 n (Loan: Investment Loan)

Key Priorities/ World Bank Lending Water and Sanitation Infrastructure Future Directions/ .. . Bank support to the sector is always in line with its Country Assistance Strategy (CAS) for India CAe STh . detail strategie sth c dimension f Banso k suppor agrees i d an tdn i consultation with the Government of India. The key dimensions of the CAS are:

(i) Support states that commit strongly to reform;

(ii) Build consensus and ownership of key areas of policy reforms with the partner clients;

(iii) Focu povertn so y alleviation activities;

(iv) Give priorit sociao y t environmenta d an l l impactsd ;an

(v) Promote private sector development. The Water environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Projects: Current

Project Name Location: Tamil Nadu

Second Madras Water Supply Project Value 141.$ US 2: million j Contact: Shyamal Sarkar. World Bank Infrastructure Unit

Completion Date: June 2002

Key Partner: Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board

Key Words: urban water supply, urban sanitation, environment, capacity building, operation and maintenance

Project Name Location: Maharashtra

Bombay Sewage Disposal Project Value: US$ 295.6 million

Contact: Shyamal Sarkar, World Bank Infrastructure Unit

Start Date: 1995

Completion Date: December 2002

Key Partner: Mumbai Municipal Corporation

Key Words: urban sanitation, capacity building, operatio maintenanced nan , community participation, NGOs

Projects under consideration

The Infrastructure Unit of the World Bank continues to work on new pipeline opportunities wit Governmene hth f Indi o tstat d aan e governments Worle Th . d Ban alss ki o workingn i the area of municipal services and urban development with a number of pipeline projects under preparation.

For further information contact Robert Maurer of the World Bank Infrastructure Unit. World Bank Rural Development Unit

The World Bank, 70 Lod! Estate, New Delhi - 110 003 Phone: (011)461 7241,461 9491 Fax: (011)461 9393,4628074 Website: www.worldbank.org.in

Number of Water Resources Management and Policy Staff: 4

Key Personnel

G V ABHYANKAR, Senior Sanitary Engineer E-mail.- [email protected]

SURYANARAYAN SATISH, Social Development Officer E-mail: [email protected]

DEEPAK AHLUWALIA, Senior Economist E-mail: [email protected]

R R MOHAN, Social Development Specialist E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: Approximatel 11$ 5 yUS millio n (Invesment Loan)

Project/Field Offices Lucknow, UttarPradesh Karnataka, Bangalore Project Management Unit PPMU, Departmen f Rurao t l Development The Swajal Project Panchayatd an j Ra i 3 Fawn Brake Avenue Government of Karnataka Sarojlni Naidu Marg Cauvery Bhavan CompleB KH , x Luckno1 00 6 w22 Bangalore 560 009. Contact: M K Gupta, Director Contact: Raj Kamal, Director Phone: (0522) 239 428, 239 448 Phone: (080) 224 0508 Fax: (0522) 237 709 Fax: (080) 224 0509 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector In India

Project/Field Offices Trivandrum, Kerala (cont.) Kerala Rural Water Suppld yan

Sanitation Agency3 ,Floor TowerC PT , s d

Thampanoor, Trivandrur 1 00 5 m69 Contact: James Varghese Executive Director Phone:(0471)337006 Fax: (0471)337004 E-mail: [email protected]

Key Priorities/ World Bank Wate Environmentad an r l Sanitation Policy Future Directions/ Bank suppor sectoe th alwayo s t i tr linn si e wit Countrs hit y Assistance Strategy (CASr fo ) Policies India. The CAS details the strategic dimensions of Bank support and is agreed in consultation with the Government of India. The key dimensions of the CAS are:

• Support states that commit strongl reformo yt ; • Build consensu ownershid san areay ke f polic sf o p o y reforms wit partnee hth r clients; • Focus on poverty alleviation activities; Give priorit sociayo t environmentad an l l impactsd ;an • Promote private sector development

Bank assistanc rurao et l development focuse supportinn so g policy (e.g. cost recovery, privatisation institutionad )an l reform state-levee th t sa l (e.g. beneficiary participation- de , mand-driven development activities reorientatlod an , f government/publino c sector roles and functions).

The sector-related goals in the CAS that are/will be addressed by Bank-assisted projects for rural water supply and environmental sanitation in India are:

Adoptio demana f no d driven servic f participatoreo delivere us d yan y processes; • Reorientalio publie th f nco sector functiond ;an • Reform cosn si t recovery policies

Building consensus betwee interestee th Ban e nd th kan d slat ownershid ean three th f epo key area policf so institutionad yan l reform statee th y s,b woul necessare db y pre-requisites for initiating the formal project preparation process for any new project. The three key area f reforso m are:

Adoptio demana f no d driven approac servico ht f participatoro e e deliverus d yan y process. • Shiftin governmene th role f gth eo statet (a t , distric villagd an t e level) from direct service deliveryto tha f planningto , policy formulation, monitorin evaluatiod gan d nan partial financial support. • Partial capital cost financin fuld glan operatio maintenancd nan e responsibilite th y yb users. World Bank Rural Development Unit

Projects: Current

Project Name location: Uttar Pradesh

Uttar Pradesh Rural Water Suppld yan Value: US$ 52 million Environmental Sanitation Project Contact: Deepak Ahluwalia

Completion Date: 2002

Kev Partner: Governmen f Uttao t r Pradesh

Key Words: rural water supply, rural sanitation, environment, hygiene promotion, policy reform, capacity building, solid waste management, community participation, transforming institutions, demand assessment, gender, operatio maintenanced nan , cost recovery, NGOs

Project Name Location: Karnataka

Karnataka Rural Water Suppld yan millio2 Value9 $ n:US Environmental Sanitation Project Contact: G V Abhyankar

Start Date: 1994

Completion Date: 2000 September

Kev Partner: Government of Karnataka

Kev Words: rural water supply, rural sanitation, environment, hygiene promotion, policy reform, capacity building, solid waste management, community participation, transforming institutions, demand assessment, gender, operatio maintenanced nan , cost recovery, NGOs

Project Name Location: Kerala

Kerala Rural Water Suppld yan Value: US$ 65.5 million (Loan) Environmental Sanitation Project Contact AbhyankaV :G r

Completion Date: 2006 December

Kev Partner: Government of Kerala

183 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India World Health Organization

534 'A' Wing, Nirman Bhavan, Maulana Azad Road, Delhi-11w Ne 1 000 Phone: (011 89551 21799 30 ) 363 9 37 , 37 ,2 Fax:(011) 301 2450

Key Personnel

DR ROBERT] KIM- PARLEY, WHO Representative to India E-mail: [email protected]

MDATTAM , National Professional OfficertSanitary Engineer) E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size: US$ 1,492,500 (Grant)

Key Priorities/ WHO Strateg r Healtyfo Environmend han t Future Directions/ Policies WHO'S Global Strategy for Health and Environment stress among other Issues, the impor- tanc f mobilisineo healte gth h secto "sensitisingr rfo " other health related sectors. Identify- healtg in h hazard undertakind san g health risk assessmen f variouo t s development programme alss i ostrategye parth f o t .

Health and environment issues are often multi-sectoral in nature, necessitating the involve- men f mano t y sector disciplined san addressinn si g these complex issues. Concerns such as water pollution r pollutionai , , noise pollution, health care waste management, water quality surveillance, poison control, chemical safety etceved .an n communicabl nond ean - communicable diseases, when basi o factoret n co causest dou , reflec neee tth actior dfo n t mana y fronts.

Environmental healt cruciaa hs i l issue cutting across several ministrie implementind san g agencies of Government of India. Environmental health comprises those aspects of human health, including qualit lifef yo , tha determinee tar chemicaly db , physical, biological, social and psycho-social factors in the environment.

785 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

WHO Healt Environmend han t Initiative aim t mobilisinsa healte gth h secto "sensitiseo rt " other sectors, such as, environment, rural and urban developments, public works, housing, agriculture, industr Identifo yt assesd yan s hazard healtd san h risk assessmen issued an t s arising fro developmene mth InditO processa WH Countr e Th . y Offic dialogun i s ei e with Governmene th f Indio t a regarding Position Pape Healtn o r Environmentd han 'Come Th . - mittee on Environment and Health' constituted by the Ministry of Environment and Forests in July 1999, has submitted its report to the Ministry in May 2000. It is expected that the process alreadthas ha t y starte Indin di a will conclude to formulate, endorse Impled an , - ment National Action Plan on Health and Environment.

Priority Areas WHO'S priority areas are:

Water Supply and Sanitation Chemical Safety

• Drinking water quality surveillance • Poison preventio controd nan l Basic sanitatio hygiend nan e behav- Food Safety iours • Excreta disposal/waste water disposal • Food safety and hygiene promotion

Specific to urban context Health Hazards Identification (HHI) & Health Risk Assessment (HRA f developo ) - Drainage ment projects • Sewerage and sewage treatment • Healthcare waste management Health and Environment concerns for • Water pollution sustainable development (problems of Air pollution vector-borne diseases, arsenic, fluoride, • Noise pollution blood lead, silicosie b y otherd sma an s sa requesteD GO y db

AssistancO provideWH O WH se assistanc Indiebienniuo t a n ao m basis throug followine hth g services:

• Technical Support Training, fellowships and study tours; • Group education activities; Publication relevann si t areas; • Short-term consultants and • Supplies and equipment

WHO Collaboration Collaboration with governmen essentias i t ensuro t l e programmes succesO WH f so . Environmental health is a crucial issue cutting across several ministries and implementing agencies. These include:

Ministr f Urbayo n Development Ministry of Labour Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Confederatio f Indiano n Industries Ministry of Rural Development (Cll) Ministry of Environment & Forests Federation of Indian Chambers of Ministr Agriculturef yo d ;an Commerce (FICCI)

186 World Health Organization

WHO Collaboration wit SysteN hU m WHO Collaboration with ESAs

UNICEF • AAID • UNDP • ADB UNDP/Wate Sanitatiod ran n Program • CDC South Asia • CIDA • World Bank • DANIDA • FAO • DFID • UNESCO • GT2 • UNIDO • SIDA • UNIC • USAID

Projects: Current

Project Name Location: National

Promotion of Environmental Quality Value: US$ 219,500 (Grant)

Contact: M M Datta

Start Date: January 2000

Completion Date: December 2001

Key Partner: Ministr f Environmenyo Forestd an t s

Key Words: environment, environmental health, health, water quality, technical studies

Project Name Location: National

National Food Safety Programme Value: US$ 367,500 (Grant)

Contact: M M Datta

Start Date: January 2000

Completion Date: December 2001

Key Partner: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

Key Words: community participation, environment, health, hygiene promotion, NGOs, policy reform, private sector participation, technical studies The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

Project Name Location: National

Water Supply and Sanitation in Human Value: US$ 119,000 (Grant) Settlements (Urban) Contact: M M Datta

Start Date: January 2000

Completion Date: December 2001

Key Partner: Ministr f Urbayo n Development

Key Words: urban water supply, urban sanitation, operatio maintenanced nan , water quality, technical studies

Protect Name Location: National

Healthy Cities Value: US$ 188,700 (Grant)

Contact: M M Datta

Start Date: January 2000

Completion Date: December 2001

Key Partner: Ministry of Urban Development ;

§: health, environment, environmental health

Project Name Location: National

Water Suppl Sanitatiod yan Human i n [ Value 210,80$ US : 0 (Grant) Settlements (Rural) Contact: M M Datta

Start Date: January 2000

Completion Date: December 2001

Key Partner: Ministr f Rurayo l Development

Key Words: rural water supply, rural sanitation, operatio maintenanced nan , water quality, institutional reform, technical studies World Health Organisation

Project Name Location: National

Healt Sustainablhn i e Development Va|ue. us$ 337,000 (Grant)

Contact: MDattM a

Start Date: January 2000

Completion Date: December 2001

Kev Partner: Ministr f Healtyo Familh& y Welfare

Key Words: environmental health, solid waste disposal, technical studies The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India WaterAid - India

22A, 1st Street, New Colony Mannar Puram, Tiruchirapally, Tamil Nad u- 62 0 020 Phone:(0431)422276 Fax:(0431)422185

Key Personnel

S PARAMASIVAN, Country Representative E-mail: [email protected]

Sector Programme Size 6,22,70,00. Rs : 0 (Grant)

Key Priorities/ WaterAi bees dha n workin Indign i a since 1986 wit close hth e collaboratio f non-governno - Future Directions/ mental organisations areawore s it focusse e Th f .ks o ar d towards provisio f waterno , sani- Policies tatio hygiend nan e promotion activitie rurao st l poolivo remoten i r wh resourcd ean e poor areas currene Th . t are f operatioao n include Statee sth f Tamiso l Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Orissa, in the near future, some of the northern states will also broughe b t unde operationas rit l area thin I . s process, good relations with Governmentn si Statee th f operatioso alsd noan with variou playery ske thsn i e water sector suc UNICEFs ha , DFID, WSP-SA, CAPART, etc. bees ,ha n developed resulta s .A , somprogrammee th f eo e sar being implemented with close collaboratio participatiod nan f Governmenno othed an t r related agencies.

WaterAid is committed to a vision of a world in which all people have access to safe water effectivd an e sanitation facilities. guidine Somth f eo g belief f WaterAiso orden di o t r respon enormoue th do t s problems faced today are;

• Accescontrod an o st l over safe drinking wate sanitatiod an r n facilities, together with improved knowledg f hygieneo e practices, have direct impac povertn o t reduciny yb g the vulnerability of poor people, especially women and children, to disease, ill health and death. By using time and resources for economic and social development, these factors, hav powee eth creato rt e sustainable improvement livee th f poo so n si r people Clean water and sanitation are essential for life, and as such, all people have the right to access them, especially poor individuals and families who are most often the ones without them? intereste Th womef so childred f nprimaran o e nar y concern.

191 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

• Ultimately, it is the courage and resilience of poor men and women and their ability to find solutions to their problems through individual and community action that will lead the mbetteo t r live f hop so dignity/Thi d ean s strengthens WaterAid's conviction that decision-making should, as far as possible, take place as near as possible to the point of impact and be delegated to local partners and communities.

The following are some of the activities carried out to achieve the overall objectives of WaterAid;

• Provisio saff no e water, sanitatio hygiend nan e promotion facilitie pooso t r communities as an integrated programme rather than sectoral intervention. • Capacity buildin targer gfo t communitie locad san l partner agencie spreadinr sfo d gan sustaining the provisions. Involvement of key stakeholders.in the process of planning, monitoring and evaluation in all the areas of work. • Providing emphasi communitn so y based maintenance system r lonsfo g term self- relianc r locafo d l solutionean usery sb s themselves. • Promotio f appropriatno cosw lo t technologied ean enhancinr sfo g poor communities ability to acquire the improved facilities. • Encouraging local women self help groups to initiate credit facilities for toilet construction through awareness and training while encouraging both women groups and youth group manago st maintaid ean n rural sanitary mart productiod san n center wider sfo r coverage and replication. • Continued documentation and dissemination of experiences for wider adoption and replication. • Promotion of network based approaches and active participation in existing other networks for effective and unified action to take up large-scale implementation, experience sharing, influencing policies and long term sustainability.

Projects: Current

Project Name location: Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh

Urban Slum Projects value 3,54,26,84. :Rs 5 (Grant)

Contact Paramasiva:S n

Start Date: August, 1999

i Completion Date: March 2003

Kev Partner Sevai) :(i , Scope, Gramalay Tricha& y Municipal Corporatio n- Trichy , \ Tamil Nadu (ii) DSS, Bangalore (iii) ASSIST - Guntur, Andhra Pradesh. \

Kev Words: community participation, hygiene promotion, urban sanitation,i urban

; water supply ;

J92 WaterAld India-

Project Name Location: Andhra Pradesh

Integrated Community based Handpump Value: Rs.1,90,72,610 (Grant) Maintenance Programme Contact: S Paramasivan

Start Date: January 1999

Completion Date: December 2001

Key Partner: 12 Partner NGOs of Viswasamakya Network

Key Words: community participation, hygiene promotion, operation and maintenance, policy reform, rural sanitation, rural water supply

Protect Name Location: Andhra Pradesh

Integrated Water, Sanitation and Value: Rs.1,74,46,721 (Grant) Hygiene Promotion through Jalasamakhya Network Contact: S Paramasivan

Start Date: July 2000

Completion Date: June 2003

Key Partner: 11 partner NGOs of Jalasamakhya Network

Key Words: community participation, hygiene promotion, operatio mainted nan - nance, policy reform, rural sanitation, rural water supply

Project Name Location: Tamil Nadu

Institutional Buildin gWate- r Value: (To be Proposed) Net Tamil Nadu Contact: S Paramasivan

Completion Date goinn :O g

Kev Partner: 29 Partner NGOs of Water Net Tamil Nadu Network

Key Words: policy reform, managemen f servico t e providers, transforming institutions, research, technical studies

193 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

Project Name location: Tamil Nadu

Integrated Water, Sanitation and value: Rs. 5,50,00,000 (Grant) Hygiene Promotion Contact: SParamasivan

Start Date: April 2000

Completion Pate: March 2003

Key Partner Partne9 :2 r NGO f Tamiso l Nadu State

Key Words: community participation, hygiene promotion, operation and maintenance, policy reform, rural sanitation, rural water supply, micro-financing

Project Name Location: Karnataka

Integrated Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Value: Rs. 40,00,000 (Grant) Promotion Contact: S Paramasivan

Start Date: April 2000

Completion Date: March 2003

Kev Partner: 2 Partner NGOs of Karnataka State

Key Words: community participation, hygiene promotion, rural sanitation, rural water supply

Project Name location: Andhra Pradesh

Integrated Water, Sanitation and value: Rs. 2,84,80,669 (Grant) Hygiene Promotion Contact ParamasivaS : n

Start Date: April 2000

Completion Pate: March 2003

Kev Partner Partne5 : r NGO f Andhrso a Pradesh State

Kev Words: community participation, hygiene promotion, operatio mainted nan - nance, rural sanitation, rural water supply WaterAld - India

Project Name Location: Maharashtra

Integrated Water, Sanitatiod nan Value: Rs. 1,80,00,000 (Grant) Hygiene Promotion Contact: S Paramasivan

Start Date: April 2000

Completion Date: March 2003

Kev Partner: 4 Partner NGOs of Maharashtra State

Key Words: community participation, hygiene promotion, operation and maintenance, rural sanitation, rural water supply

Project Name Location: Orissa

Integrated Integrated Water, Value 1,20,00,00. Rs : 0 (Grant) Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion Contact Paramasiva:S n

Start Date: April 2000

Completion Date: March 2001

Kev Partner Partne2 : r NGO f Orissso a State

Kev Words-, community participation, hygiene promotion, rural sanitation, rural water supply, operation & maintenance

195 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

196 An Indicative List of NGOs* in Water and Environmental Sector in India

Andaman and Nlcobar Islands DOS Decca- n Development Society Rural Development Trust Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh Bangalore Highway, Anantapur- 515, ANET - Andaman and Nlcobar V. Rukmini Rao Andhra Pradesh Environmental Team Phone: (040) 322 2867 Father Vincent Ferrer, Programme Director Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Fax: (040) 322 2260 Phone:(08554)31503, 31627 Harry V. Andrews E-mail: [email protected] Fax: (08554) 323 27, 321 47 Fax:03192-32838 Environment Protection Centre YCO - Youth Charitable Organisation Andhra Pradesh______Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh Jasraj Shrishrimal Action Association for Rural and Phone: (0402391 46 )8 M.S.R. Prem Kumar Tribal Development Fax8 : (04057 4 )59 Phone: (08924)311 22 Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh Fax:(08924)31231 M. Gurudutt Prasad Ground Water Investigation and Phone:(0883)61442 Farmers Training Society Blhar______Fax: (0883) 68449 Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh Suresh Anantham ADFTHI ACTS Actio- Communitr nfo y Phone: (08554)45208 2/30, State Bank Colony-II Service Society Bailey Road, Patna - 800 014, Bihar Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh Grameena Vlkas Samltl Vij. i Ms Srinivasan G. Dasaratha Reddy Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh Phone:(0612)283018 Phone: (08587) 572 97 L. Surya Narayana Reddy Fax:(0612)283018 Fax: (085877 9 2 )57 Phone: (08574) 265 94 Fax: (08574) 265 94 Auranga Gramln Vlkas Samltl AWARE - Action for welfare and Palamau, Bihar awakening In Rural environment MV VenkatarangalyM F - a Foundation Bhola Prasad Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh 28 Road No 1, West Meerdapally, Near P.K.S. Madhavan East Meerdapally, BIRSA- Blndral Institute for Research, Phone:(040)236311 Secunderabad, Hyderaba6 02 0 50 d- Stud Actiod yan n Andhra Pradesh BC TBhagavatul- a Charitable Trust RVenkat Reddy, Coordinator West Singhbhum, Bihar Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh Phone:(040)7801320 Devendranath Hasda B.V. Parmeswaro aRa Fax: (040) 780 8808 Phone: (6582) 52416 Phone: (0891) 604 43, 639 94 Fax: (06582) 52013 Populatio Environmentad nan l CIRD - Centre for Integrated Rural Education Centre Gramln Vlkas Parlshad Development Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh Deoghar, Bihar Secunderabad, Andhra Pradesh R. Ratna Swamy m J.BRa . Sree Hari Naidu Phone:(08518)85042 Phone: (06432) 224 89 Phone: (040) 801 084

' This is just an indicative list of NGOs and is not intended to be comprehensive. inclusionAn thisin list does constitutenot endorsementany fromdonorany (including DFID) developmentor agency. The names & addresses of NCOS given here may not all be correct, as they have been compiled from already available data.

197 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India

DelhL Centr r Sciencefo Environmene& t PRADAN - Professional Assistance for 41,Tughlakabad Institutional Area, Development Action AFPRO - Action for Food Production Delhi-11w Ne 2 006 3, Community Shopping Centre , 25/1A, D-Block, Pankha Road Usha Sekhar NitiBagh Delhw Ne ,i 110048 Institutional Area, Janakpuri, Phone: (011)608 1110 Achintya Ghosh Phone: (011)651 8619,651 4682 Delhi-11w Ne 8 005 Fax:(011)6085879 Phone: (011)5555412,555 3652, Fax: (011)651 8619 E-mail: [email protected] 2459 55 6 Conservation Society Delhi Fax:(011)5500343 New Delhi Participatory Research In Asia (PRIA) E-mail: [email protected] Madhu Bajpai 42, Tuglakabad Institutional Area, Phone: (011)668 118 New Delhi-110 062 A-ONE Associatio- f Organisationno s Dr Rajesh Tandon on Nature and Environment Development Alternatives Phone: (011 95598 1908 60 ) 60 ,8 A-15, Paryavaran Complex, South Saket B-32, TARA Crescent, Qutab Institutional Fax:(011)6080183 Maidan Garhi Road Area, New Delhi-110016, India E-mail: [email protected] Siddappa New Delhi-110 030 SPWD Societ- r Promotioyfo f Wasteno - Phone: (011) 696 7938, 685 1158 Priya Ranjan Trivedi lands Development Fax:(011)6866031 Phone: (011 50532 5086 65 ) 68 , 4 Sriram Bahratiya Kala Kendra Building, E-mail: [email protected] Fax:(011)6967514 Opp. Mandi House, Sikandra Road, E-mail: [email protected] Delhw Ne i Dlsha Societ r Rurayfo Urba& l n S S Rizvi Asian & Pacific Centre for Transfer of Community Development Sulabh International Social Service Technology 13/88, C-4/B Janak Puri Delhi-11w Ne 8 005 Organisation of New Delhi MehraulOppw Ne . i Road, Shobhna Radhakrishna Sulabh Bhawan, Mahabir Enclave, Palam Qutab Institutional Area, POBOX 4575, Phone:(011)5554530 Dabri Road, Delhi-11w Ne 6 001 Fax:(011)5529118 Delhi-11w Ne 5 004 Jurgen Bischoff Dr Bindeshwar Pathak E-mail: [email protected] Phone: (011)685 6276 Phone: (011) 503 2617, 503 2654, 503 Fax:(011)6856274 Development Researcd han 2631 Fax:(011 4013 50 )4 Action Group ASK-Association for Stimulating 74, Paschimi Marg, Vasant Vihar Know How Tata Energy Research Institute New Delhi-110 057 C-83, Lajpat Nagar-l Delhw Ne , i -114 002 Darbari Seth Block, Habitat Place, Dr Gautam Vohra Lodhi Road Delhw Ne , i -113 000 Aqueel Khan, Director Phone: (011 2384 61 )3 Ms. Nivedita Phone: (011) 631 3925, 631 7655 Fax:(011)6144146 Phone: (011) 462 2246, 460 1550 Fax: (011)631 3925 Fax: (011)462 1770 E-mail: [email protected] ICID - International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage Gujarat______Centre for Improvement of 48, Nyaya Marg, Chanakya Puri Rural Environment New Delhi 110021 Abhlkram B-5, Defence Colony SharmKN a Gujarat Lok Samiti Premises, Lal Darwaza, Ahmedaba d- 38 0 001, Gujarat New Delhi-110 024 Phone: (011)611 5679, 611 6837 Mahadev Vidrohi K.T.J.S. Chhatwal, Chairman Fax: (011)611 5962 Phone: (079 72960 7195 55 ) 75 ,9 Phone: (011)462 4913 E-mail: [email protected] Fax: (079 7195 75 )9

•798 An indicative list ofNGOs in the Water and Environmental Sector in India

AKRSP-I - Aga Khan Rural Support ESI - Environmental Sanitation Institute Vlkram Sarabhai Centr r Developmenefo t Programme (India) Ahmedabad, Gujarat Interaction Ahmedabad, Gujarat Padmashrl Ishwarbhai Patel Ahmedabad, Gujarat Liza Thomas Phone: (079 77025 6245 75 ) 75 ,7 G. Raju Phone: (079) 642 7029, 642 705, 642 7729 Fax:(079)7558052 Phone: (079) 442 642, 442 651 Fax: (079) 642 0864 Fax2 : (07924 0 )42 Lok Bharatl ANA - Anand Nlketan Ashram Bhavnagar, Gujarat Harvana______Vadodara, Gujarat Arunkuma . DavrM e Nagendr . PateaS l Rural Initiativ Technologd eAn y Impact Phone: 02846-83322 Phone: 02669-73333, 73355 Rahuk , IndriO aP , Gurgaon, Fax: 73344, 0265-644444 Haryana-124 310 Lok Vldyalaya, Valukad Mr S M Parija, President Anumuktl Sampoorna Krantl Vldyalaya Bhavnagar, Gujarat Phone:(01272)387600 Surat, Gujarat Nanubhai M. Shiroya Surendra Gadekar Phone: (02848) 8344 Bhartlya Gram Sudhar Sabha Phone:(02625) 2074 228/29 Ram Copal Colony, Sonepat Road, Manavtya Technology Forum Rohtak, Haryana -124 001 ASAG Ahmedaba- d Study Action Group Gokulnaga, 25B r Sindhi Society, Manjalpur Mr Devendra Hooda, President Ahmedabad, Gujarat Road, Vadodara, Gujarat Phone:(01262)54661 Rajesh Bhat Ashok Rathi Phone: (079) 550 7841 Phone: (0265)437 353 Chaublsee Vlkas Sangh, Meham Fax:(079)550 7842 Near Chaubisee Ka Chabutra, Mehmam N.M. Sadguru Water and Development Behavioural Science Centre Tehsil, Rohtak District, Haryana Foundation Ahmedabad, Gujarat Dr Jasphool Singh, President Dahod, Gujarat A.S. Pastakia Phone:(01257)33286 Mr. Harnath Jagawat Phone: (079) 464 928 Fax:(01262)50656 Phone:(02673)20215 E-mail: [email protected] Behavlourlal Science Centre of Gujarat Fax: (02673) 307 49 St. Xavier's College, Ahmedabad, (DVK) Dehat Vlkas Kendra Gujarat - 380 009 Sadvichar Parrvar Village & Post Dongra Ahir, Prasad M.Chacko Ahmedabad, Gujarat Mahendragarh District, Phone: (079) 464 928, 403 577 Harila Pancha. V l l Haryana-121 302 Fax: (079) 656 1845 Phone: (079 52608 5298 65 ) 65 ,0 Mr Mahabir Prasad, Director Fax: (079) 658 5423 Phone: (01285) 6719 CEE - Centre for Environment Education Ahmedabad, Gujarat SARTH SociaI- l Actio r Ruran Tribafo d lan l Himachal Pradesh______KartikeyaV. Sarabhai Inhabitant f Indiso a Lok Kalyan Mandai Phone: (079 26424 2654 )64 64 , 1 Panchamahal, Gujarat P O Theog, Shimla District -171 201 Fax: (079 0242 )64 2 Glriraj Slngh Mr P R Ramesh, Executive Director Phone:(02674)393 06 CEMR Centr- r Ecodevelopmenefo t Phone: (017837) 225 50, 372 38 and Management Research Sarvodaya Parrvar Trust Fax:(01783)37500 Ahmedabad, Gujarat Valsad, Gujarat Gaurav Hirani Kanti Shah Phone: (079 5684 )67 8

199 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Peoples Association for Himalaya AME - Agriculture, Man and Ecology Environment Support Group Area Research PO Box No 7836 368 'Sneha' IV Cross III 36, Reservoir Road, Basavanagudi Parikrama - Talla Danda, Phase J P Nagar Bangalor4 00 0 56 e- Nainital - 263 002 Bangalor8 07 0 56 e- Leo F Saldanha, Mr Shekhar Pathak Edit Walsumn hVa , Co-ordinator Phone: (080) 665 7995, 672 2563 Project Team Leader Fax: (080 4697 )22 9 Society of Appeal for Vanishing Environ- Phone: (0803 28354 30 )2 66 64 , E-mail: [email protected] ments Fax: (080) 665 3471 Post Box 5 Bhimtal, Environment Support Group Project Nainital District-263 136 Bangalore Environment Trust 44, III Floor New Bamboo Bazar Road, r FredricM k Smetacek (Jr), 166, Langford Road Cantonment Chief Coordinator Bangalor5 02 0 56 e- Bangalore-560 051 Phone: (059463 4 0 47 ) Govardhan, Administrator Ranjan Rao Yerdoor Phone: (080) 222 5515 Phone: (080 42251 8434 55 ) 55 ,2 Societ Integrater yfo d Development Fax: (080) 554 8432 of Himalayas Bangalore Support Group Hazelwood Cottage . 19,,No Posx Bo t 153, V Mai BlocknV I , Banashankari III, Green Foundation Landour Cantt. Stag I ePhaseI , 839, 23rd Main J P Nagar II Phase Mussourie Distric 178 924 - t Bangalore - 560 085 Bangalore - 560 078 Vanaja Ramprasad, Secretary Mr Pawan K Gupta, Secretary Phone: (080) 663 5963 Executive Director Phone: (080 4851 66 )5 Fax: (080) 663 1565 Phone: 4 (0135 30 904 2 1 63 ) 63 , Fax:(080)2262571 E-mail: [email protected] Fax: (0135) 631 304 .E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] (IRRM) Indian Rural Reconstruction Centre for Environment Education Kamataka______Movement Kamala Mansion, 143, Infantry Road 506, 9th Main 4th Cross, Bangalor1 00 0 56 e - HAStaged L2n , (AWDMS) Action for Water Director Indiranagar, Bangalor8 00 0 56 e- Development Mysore Society Phone: (080) 286 9094 Mr G N Reddi, President 12, Sampangiramaswami Temple Street, Fax: (080) 286 8209 Phone7 : (08022 2 )54 Bangalor2 05 0 56 e- Majo DavidR S r , Compassion Unlimited Plus Action Life Environment Awareness Foundation Administrative Officer 257 I Stage I Cros I ,L sHA , Indiranagar 26-27, 9th Main Raj Mahal Vilas, Phone: (080 0846 )22 9 Bangalor8 03 0 56 e- Bangalore - 560 080 Suparna Baksh Gangul- i y Mr K R Anand, CESDl-Cente r Environmenrfo d tan Hony Secretary Phone: (080) 225 8769, 525 8429 Sustalnable Development India Phone3 : (08032 3 )34 Fax:(080)5587172 C/O House No.8, UTC Quarters, 15 Harris E-mail: zarir@giasbg01 .vsnl.net.in Road, Benson Town, MYRADA 2, Service Road, Domlur Layout, Bangalore - 560 046 East West Education Trust Bangalore - 560 071 George Cheriyan 1 B P Wadia Road, Mr Aloysius P Fernandez, Phone:(080)3532513 Bangalore - 560 004 Executive Director Fax: 1-801-905-3531 Sophia TenBreock Phone: (080) 559 3166, 557 2028 E-mail: [email protected] Phone: (080) 667 2498

200 An Indicative list ofNGOs In the Water and Environmental Sector in India

Kerala Environmental Techniques India Annapurna Manila Mandal

d 23 Sanga, 6B m Nagar, Kila Maidan, Block No. 10, Nauhit Building, 3floor r AVARD - Apex Voluntary Agency for Rural 6 Indor00 2 45 e- Marut125m Ra , i Road, Dadar (W), Development DrMK Misra, Chief Advisor Mumba 020 840 - i AVARD Bhavan, P.O. Chalakkudy, Phone: (0731) 413 126,444210 Mrs. Prema Purao, Hony. Secretary Thrissur - 680307 Phone: (022) 430 4474 Fr. James Pazhayattil Gramln vlkas Evam Paryavaran Sanstha Appa Patwardhan Safa Paryavara& l n Phone4 :96 (04887 9642 84 , 84 ) Village Bagadi - Boroda, Post: Udawala, Tantranlketan Sainthala vi , Dausa7 Distric50 3 30 - t Village Dehu, Haveli Taluk, (AWAKE) - Association for Welfare Action In Mr Hari Shankar Sharma, Secretary Kerala Environment Pune District-412 109 MapuskaSV r 'Paroor' P O Thrikkariyoor, JPM - Jan Paryavaran Manch 6-A, Sneh Nagar, Indore - 452001 Ernakulum - 686 692 Appropriate Rural Technology Institute Dr Lata Bhattacharya, Chairman r ParooM r Sreedharan, Directo f Projectro s Manine, 11 . FlaNo t e Apartments, Survey Phone:(0731)479402 . 13,No Dhayarigaon, Changanacherry Social Service Society Tal: Haveli, Pune District P.B. No. 20, Arch Bishop House, Lok Blradrl Trust President Changanacherry, Kottayam - 686 101 402, Ishan Apartment, 13/2 SnehlataganJ, Fr. Jos . KottaraeP m Indore - 452 003 Balf Development Research Foundation Phone0 : 54 (0482 2 3450 42 ,42 ) Mr Tapan Kumar, Secretary BAIF Bhavan Manibha. Dr , i Desai Nagar, Phone4 : 93 (0731 4 9724 43 ,43 ) Mumbai - Bangalore Bye-Pass Highway, Welfare Services Ernakulam Warje, Pune - 411 029 NCHSE - National Centre for Human Ponnurunni, P.O. Vyttila, Kochi, HegdG N e Settlement Environmend san t Ernakulam - 682 019 Phone5 95 :4969 4945 (0205 36 ,36 , 36 ) E-5 / A Girish Kunj, Arera Colony, Arch Bishop Marvarkey Vithayathil Fax: (020) 366 788 Bhopal-462016 Phone: (0484) 344 243 Mr R R Nigoskar, Director General Bharatl Vldyapeeth Institute of Fax: 9 (048482 7 34 ) Phone6 : 30 (07555 7313 56 ,56 ) Environment Education & Research Madhva Pradesh______Fax:(0755) 565 651 Katraj, Dhankawadi Pune, Satara Road, Pune - 411043, Maharashtra Centr Environmenr efo t Protection, Maharashtra______Dr Erach Bharucha, Director Phone2 60 6 684:5 63 (020,52 ) Researc Developmend han t ACI LNavsarja- n Rural Development Fax: (020) 539 121 2/2, Asha Kiran Apt. Chain Singh Ka Foundation E-mail: [email protected] Bagicha, New Palasia, Indore - 452 001 117, Baldota Bhavan, 6th Floor, Maharshi Sudhir Misra, Karve Marg, Churchgate, Bhlmashankar Prakalp Managing Trustee and Secretary Mumbai - 400 020 P.O. Manchar, Pune - 410 503 Phone:(0731)538908 ShaR A h Kusum Karnik Fax:(0731)432909 Phone: (022) 292 059 Bombay Environmental Action Group Environment Protection Group AFARM - Action for Agricultural Renewal In 4 Kurla Industrial Estate, IBS Marg, 163 Jail Road7 , Indor00 2 45 e - Maharashtra Ghatkopar West, Mumbai - 400 086 Mr Neelmadhav Bhusari, Advisor Bldg No. 2/23, A-B Raisoni Park, SaaM dA Phone: (0731) 531 141 Marketyard, Pune-417 103 Phone:(022)5147574 M N Kondhalkar Fax: (022) 511 58TO Phone: (020) 464 641, 468 302 E-mail: [email protected] 3 Fax30 : 6 (02046 )

201 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector IndiaIn

Centre for Application of Science and NEEDS - National Environment and Ecology UDI - Urban Development Institute Technolog Rurar yfo l Development Defence Society 73A-Mittal Tower, Nariman Point, 6 Koyna Apartments, Survey No. 133, Nhava House, 65 Maharishi Karve Road, Mumbai - 400021 Kothrud, Pun e41- 9 102 Mumbai - 400 002 Rashmi Mayur KarvAD e M K Ahmed Phone: (022) 204 5758 Phone8 : (02237 2 25 ) Phone:(020)342217 VANARAI Fax0 : 25 (020 1 33 ) ODRON - Organisation for Development Aditya Residency, 498 Parvati, and Research of National Wealth DROP - Development through Resource Pune-411009 B.So C/ . Mat Pulach1 e65 i Wadi, Behind Organization Planning Jimmy Rajadhyaksha Deccan Gymkhana Bus Stand, 4, Godavari Apartments, 6/2, Eran Dalane, Phone: (020) 540 351, 549 351 Pun e41- 4 100 Fax: (020) 545 299 Pune-411 004 President Mr Ajeet Oak, Secretary Phone: (020) 589 46 Watershed Organisation Trust Phone0 : (02043 1 33 ) Behind Market Yard, Near Social Centre, Fax: (020) 331 250 Research and Action In Natural Ahmednagar, Maharashtra 41- 1 400 Wealth Administration E-mail: [email protected] Crispino Lobo 16 - Swastishree Society, Ganeshnagar, Phone:(0241)356188, 343312 Ecological Society Pune-412 105 Fax: (0241) 341 134 1 B Abhimanshree Society, Pashan Road, Bhushan Sathe Pune - 411 008 Phone: (020) 364 218, 420 625 Mizoram______Prakash Cole Fax:(020)482212 Phone:(020)350408 Association for Rural Development Rural Agricultural Institute, Naryangaon Lamsang LamsangO P , 6 , Impha14 5 79 - l JB FJamnala- l BajaJ Foundation Post: Narayangaon, Junnar Taluk, Pune ArjuN r nM Singh, Secretary Bajaj Bhawan, 2nd Floor, Nariman Point, District-410504 K L Meher Bombay-400 021 Orissa______Sumitra Agnihotri, Asst. Manager Save Bombay Committee Agragamee Phone:(022)2842110 620 Jame Jamshed Road, Dadar (E), A / tP.O . Kashipur, Rayagad a- 76 5 015 Mumbai-400 014 LHVVRF - Lupin Human Welfare & Research r AchyuM t Das, Director Kisan Mehta Foundation Phone: (068566 1 5 22 ) Phone:(022)4149688 Fax: (06856) 225 16 Lupin Laboratories Limited, 159, C S T Roa, Fax: (020) 415 5536 Email: [email protected] Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai - 400 098 Societ Clear yfo n Environment ASSA - Associated Social Service Agency Bhupat Trivedi Garden Resort Sion-Tromba6 60 , y Road, Sailongchhak, Anandapur, Keonjhar Chembur, Mumbai 401 007 Phone: (022) 612 4050, 612 7162 District-758 015 Dr. T.N Mahadevan, General Secretary Mr Babun Mohanty, Director National Association of Water Resources Phone:(022)4142862 Phone: (067313 9 1 20 ) Development Agencies The Soonabal Plrojsha GodreJ Foundation Y Compound MA C Arju6 , n Marg, Bhagwatl Environmen Developmend tan t (Environmental Cell) Pune-411 100 Institute Godrej Bhavan HomA ,4- i Street, Yugandhar Mandavkar Police Housing Colony Jiruchirapalli Road, Mumbai - 400 001 Phone6 : (02059 0 )66 Dindigul - 624 009 Jer K Bardi Fax: C/oCTO 212-623679 PauJ r lM Baskar, Chairman Phone:(0451)32021

202 An indicative list NGOsWaterof Environmental the and in Sector in India

Centr Environmentar efo l Researcd han Phagwara Environment Association Green Earth Foundation Extension Education Public Eye Hospital, Railway Road, C-141 MahaviA , r Marg, Malviya Nagar, 10 Bapuji Nagar, Near Medical College, Phagwara, 1 Punja40 4 b14 Jaipur-302 018 Berhampur, Ganj'am District - 760 004 . AmarjiDr t Chaucer Dr K P Sharma, Chairman MilaK r nM Kumar Patro, Director Phone: (01824)60205 Cyan Bharatl Trust GITA Gandhla- n Institut Technicaf eo l Fax:(01824)63394 46, Gokul Nagar, Udaipur - 313 001 Advancement Dr R C Mehta, Managing Trustee Raiasthan______Duplex-42 (7 acres) Phase -1, Phone: (0294) 414 738, 410811 Chandrasekharput Housing Board, AlokNavYuvakMandal Bhubaneswar-751 016 Institut Environmenf eO t Management& Village & P O Majawada, Vallabhanagar Mr Prashanl Kumar Mishra, Chief Executive Sustalnable Development Tehsil, Udaipur District - 313 602 10/35 Chopasni Housing Board, Nandan Gram vlkas r ChandrM a Prakash Chobisa, Secretary , Jodhpu PO 0082 n 34 ,r- Va Rajasthan P.O. Mohuda, Via Berhampur, Ganjam Dr Mrs Hemlata Gaur District - 760002 Aravall Volunteers Society Rajasthan Phone: 6 (0291 40 947 4 4 75 )75 , Mr Joe Madiath, Executive Director Kherwara, Udaipur- 313 803 Fax:(0291)438691 (Pp.) Phone3 6 - :5 (068075 9 20 ) Mr S K Yusufzai, Coordinator Email: [email protected] Fax: 4 (068075 9 20 ) Phone:(02907)20228, 20091 MMVS Magr- a Mewar vlkas Sanstha OBPP - Orlssa Blgyan Prasar Parlshad Centr r Ruraefo l Developmend an t Village Kalatkhera DevataO P , , Ajmer R C Das Lane Kamapally, P.O. Berhampur, Consultants Society (CROC) District - 305 922 Ganjam District - 760 004 AcharyaA D r M , President Plot No. 6, Shlv Colony, Dr Satyanarayan Dash, General Secretary Phone:(01462)22849 Behind Petrol Pump Phone: (06812) 701 87 Fax:(01462)20553 Thana Circle, Sanganer, Rajasthan OE SOrlss- a Environmental Society Mr. Sukhpal Dhabai, Chief Functionery Paryavaran Prachar Samltl, Kota B-3, VillageC 1R , Nayapalli, Phone: (0141)581 643 33-C, Instrumentation Township, Bhubaneswar - 751 015 Kota - 324 005 r SundarM a Narayana Patro, Secretary Gram Bharatl Samltl SharmaK K r M , Chairman Phone:(0674)57423, 411 979 Amber Bhawan, Amber, Jaipur - 303 101 Paryavaran Parlshad (PP) Mr Bhawani Shankar Kusum, Secretary People's Rural Education Movement 2 KA Vigya2 , n Nagar5 00 , Kot4 32 a- Phone:(0141)530268 Aandiapalli - Rangailunda (PO), Bhanja Dr Laxmi Kant Dadhich, Chairman Fax:(0141)539 071 Vihar, Berhampur Phone: (0744) 426 449 r Jacob Thundyle, President Gramln Vlkas Vlgyan Samltl (GWS) Fax:8 (074410 1 )42 Phone: (06812)282266 E-mail: [email protected] 458, Milk Men Colony, Lane No 3, Pal Fax: 200111 Road, Jodhpur - 342 008 E-mail: [email protected] Rajasthan Environment Preservation Ms Shashi Tyagi, Secretary Society Punjab______Phone: (0291)744549 Vasundhara- Tonk Road, Jaipur - 302 015 Fax:9 (029154 4 74 ) Sudhs M a Raina, President Bhara Cyan tJa n Vlgyan Jatha 139, R, Kitchlu Nagar, Ludhiana-141 001 Grama Reconstructio Extensivd nan e Sajeev Seva Samltl Dr Arun Mitra, General Secretary Action Trust Kanak Nikhunj, Jasraj Marg, 475, Bhupalpura, Udaipur- 313 001 Phone: (0161) 470 252, 446 906 Naga Manickam Illom, Meenatchipuram Mr Shanti Lal Bhandari, Chief Functionary Fax:(0161)440204 Natham, Dindigul - 624 401 JeyasakthivelA r M , Managing Trustee Phone: (0294) 418 253

203 The Water Environmentaland Sanitation Sector Indiain

Samajlk Aarthlk Vlkas Samltl Development Promotion Group Appropriate Technologies - India Village New Ralawata, P O Garudwasi, 49-A, & 52, Josier Street, Uklmath, District Rudraprayag, Chaksu1 , 90 Jaipu 3 30 r- Nungambakkam, Garhwal, Uttar Pradesh Ram Prasad Meena, President Chennai - 600 034 Mr. Mukul Prakash - Program Manager Phone: (01364) 6415, 6421 Phone: (014294) 443 76 Mr R Bhakther Solomon, Society Secretary Fax:(0135)657748, 658730 Phone: (044) 825 660, 827 2180 Seva Mandlr Fax: (044) 472 1042 ATDA - Appropriate Technology Old Fatehpura, Udaipur - 313 001 Development Association Mr Ajay S Mehta, Chief Executive ECG Environmenta- l Conservation Group Post Box 311, Gandhi Bhavan, 122/6, Acchukatti, Thoppu Salai Road, Phone: (0294) 560 951, 560 047 Luckno1 00 6 22 w - Fax:7 (029404 0 56 ) Woriyur, Tiruchirapalli - 620 003 Mr M M Hoda, Mr S M Sheriff, Executive Director General Secretary Tarun Bharat Sangh Phone: (043320 76 7 76 ) Phone: (0522) 221 427, 213 506 Bhikampura KishoriO P , , Thanagazi Tehsil, Fax: (0522) 221 427 Alwar - 301 022 Environmental Toxicology r RajendrM a Singhm General Secretary Information Centre Gorakhpur Environmental Action Group Phone:(014652)25043 Department of Pharmacology and 224, Purdilpur MG College Road, Environmental Toxicology, Gorakhpu1 00 3 27 r- Udaipur Environmental Group Dr ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Dr Shiraz A Wajih, Secretary 206PN , Road 13, Ashok Nagar, Sciences Universit f Madrasyo , Taramani, Phone: (05514 90677 4 9 33 ) ,33 Fax:(0551)339774 Udaipur-311 300 Chennai-600 013 SharmaL L r M , President MuthuP r M , General Secretary Gramya Vlkas Sansthan Phone: (044) 417 3 99 761 2 41 , Tamil Nadu_____ E-10, Kurmanchal Nagar, Lucknow Bharat Singh Bisht, Secretary Gramodaya Ramanujam Foundation for Agriculture Phone:(0522)348060 Post Box 6, Manaparai, and Human Potential Development Tiruchirapalli District - 621 306 Indian Society of Environment 94, Bhaskar Colony, Chennai - 600 092 ManoharanE L DM r , Director 7/183, Swarup Nagar2 , Kanpu00 8 20 r- RamanujamM DK r , Chairman Phone: (04332)600 63 Dr P K Mathur, General Secretary Phone: (044 2880 48 )1 Fax: (043320 7 0 60 ) Phone:(0512)214797, 314919

C.P.R. Environmental Education Centre Uttar Pradesh______National Environmental Conservation No 1, Eldams Road, Alwarpet, Association Chennai-600 018 ABGVS Akhl- l Bhartfya Gramln Centre for Advanced study in Botany, Dr Nandith KrishnaaC , Director Vlkas Sansthan Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005 Phone: (044 70233 6524 43 ) 43 ,6 Sokhana, Via Hathras, Mr B D Tripathi, President Fax: (044) 432 0756 Aligarh District, Pin-204 101 Phone: (0542) 311 190,330454 E-mail: [email protected] SinghP D r , M General Secretary Societ Environmentar yfo l Pollution Control Leagu Integrater efo d Growt Hilf ho l Tribes AE SAcadem- f Environmentayo l Sciences 17/423 Hyderabadw Ne , , Trust C-30, Shastri Nagar, Luckno7 00 6 22 w - 1/4, David Colony, Simco Meter Factory Meerut - 250 004 QuraishyA r M , President Road, Tiruchirapalli - 620 021 Dr V P Kudesia, Secretary Phone: 7 (0522 54 252 7 7 38 ) 32 , K Govindan, Project Director Phone:(0121)762026 Fax:(0522)388610 Phone:0 (043113 7 45 )

_204 An Indicative list ofNCOs in the Water and Environmental Sector in India

Swachchha Ganga Mahlla Samltee Forum for the Advancement of Inter Rural Development Consortium D-59/03A, Sigra, Varanas2 00 1 22 - i Disciplinary Study , SalB45 tF- Lake City, Secto, I r Ms Anjana Prakash, Secretary 11 U, Jhil Road, (Ground Floor), 4 Calcutt06 0 70 a- Phone.-(05429 19 1 )22 IMewlands, Calcutta - 700 031 Mr Pratip Kr Pande, Director Fax: (0542) 239 172 Prof Dilip Bose, Coordinator Phone: (033) 337 5930 Fax:(033)5547205 West Bengal______IDMACONSER - International Data Manage- ment Consultancy on UNNAYAN Agragatl Environmental and Socio-economic 36/ , Garch1A a Road, Calcutt 010 970 a - Village Kalikata, P O Rashpur, Howrah Resources Arur M n Deb, Coordinator District-711 140 Bloc , Flak10 t 4,131, Netaji Subhas Phone:(033)4750162 Mr Japan Mandal, Secretary Chandra Bose Road, Calcutta - 700 040. Phone:(033)6503758 ChaudhuriB A r M , Chief Consultant Vlvekanand Institutae Nldhth d elan Balltlkurl Blkash Bhaban Phone: (033) 471 6734 of Value Orientation and Environmental BalltikuriPO , Howrah Distric 71- t2 140 Education r SantM i Chakraborty, Secretary IPHE Institutio- f Publino c Health Engi- 149/IE Rashbehari Avenue, First Floor, neers India Calcutta - 700 029 Belarl Samaj Kalyan Samtty IPHE Building, CK 58 Salt Lake, BhattacharyaK R r M , Trustee Villag BelariO P Uluberia a e& ,Vi , Howrah Calcutta - 700 091 Phone: (03337664 48132 7 46 )65 24 , , District-711 315 r SisiM r Kumar Neogi, Secretary General 2442 r MdM . Janab All, Secretary Phone:(033)3378678 Fax:(033)4642730 Fax:(033)3376290 Cente Studr rfo Alaf yo d nan Environment Liberal Associatio Movemenr nfo t CK-11, Secto , Sal2 - rt Lake City, of People 1 Calcutt09 0 70 a- , Sury Street66 n aSe , Mr A B Biswas, Hony. Secretary Calcutta - 700 009 Phone: (033) 359 0781, 358 2589 Mr Malay Dewanji, General Secretary Fax:(033)337 6290 Phone: (0338496,31141 24 ) 6 Fax: (033) 241 7469

wantNote: Inclusion nominateyou for to If NGO this in an directory, please send detailsthe post by Convenorto (Water Team), DFID (India).includede detailsb A/Ge nexte e y th th Th O f ma n o i edition of this directory. Please mail any corrections/additions to the details provided here to the Convenor (Water Team), DFID (India).

205 The Water Environmentald an Sanitation Sec/o Indian rI

Some Wate Environmentad ran l Sanitation Sites

www.unep.org www.skat.ch/ws/ws.htm Official site of the United Nations Environment Program. Site of the ' Swiss Centre for Development Cooperation in Technology and Management' (SKAT), a leading Swiss Consul- www.wsp.org tancy firm working internationall areae th f 'Wateso n yi d ran Officia Watee l Sanitatiositth d f eran o n Programme. Sanitation, Architecture & Building, Transport Infrastructure and Urban Development. www.awra.org Officical sit f 'Americaeo n Water Resources Association' www.waterald.org.uk Site of WaterAid, UK's specialist development charity working www.un.org/est/sustdev/ through partner organisations to help poor people in developing Site of the United Nations Division for Sustainable Development countries achieve sustainable improvement thein si r qualit f lifyo e www.lnweh.unu.edu/unulnweh/ by imporved domestic water supply, sanitation & associated The International Network on Water, Environment and Health hygience practices. universit N membe(INWEHw U e ne th a f ys )i ro (UNU ) familf yo www.worldbank.org/html/fpd/water organisations created in 1996. Offica Worle l sitTh df e o Ban k www.who.lnVwater_sanltatlon_health/envlronmentaLsanlt/ envlndex.htm www.wsscc.ora/gesl Official site of the World Health Organization Siet of the 'Global Environmental Sanitation Initiative' (GESI), a compaign of 'Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council www.envlrollnk.netforchange.com WHOo C/ , Geneva'. (WSSCC). 'Envirolink Network', the online environmental community's site www.worldwaterforum.org www.edle.cprost.sfu.ca The site is a coverage of the ' Second World Forum' & ministride Hosted by the 'Global Childnet', the site covers water and conference held in Hague, The Netherland, from 17-22 Mar. 2000 environmental sanitation issues from 'chila d health' perspective. www. WSSCC.org/lnterwater lnfo.lut.ac/departments/cv/wedc/garnet The site ' Interne professee th e tb gatewao st Wateo yt & r The site represent internee sth t presenc f 'Globaeo l Applied Sanitation Information'. Research Network'. The site is an initiative of WSSCC funded by DFID. www.unlcef.org www.gwp.slda.se/www.gwpforum.org Official site of UNICEF with a seperate coverage on 'Water, 'Global Water Partnership' (GWP) site Environment and Sanitation'

www.oleau.fr www.uwln.slu.edu Sit f 'Theo e International Offic Waterr efo ' (IOW) profin no t,a Universities Water Information Network (UWIN) disseminates Internet informatio Watee th no t r resources communitl al y& making association unde Frence rth h law. concerned with the water reserves. www. wedc.ac.uk www.wldelfe.nl Sit f 'Theo e Water, Engineerin Developmend gan t Centre (WEDC)" ' WL 1 Delft Hydraulics' is an independent consulting & research institute locate Netherlandse Th dn I .

206 Some Water and Environmental Sanitation Sites

Water! .geol.upenn.edu www.sandec.ch This site informs abou activitiee th tMiddle th f so e East Water Site of the Department of Water & Sanitation in Developing Information Network (MEWIN). Countrie Swise th t sa Federal Institut r Environmentaefo l Science & Technology (EAWAG). wwwl .sllsoe.cranfleld.ac.uk/lwe Site of the ' Institute of Water and Environment' of the Cranfield www.uesnet.org University (UK) Website of the ' Urban Environment Sanitation Network'.

www.netc.wvu.edu www.fao.org Site of 'The National Environmental Training Centre for Small Some relevant information on WESS can be accessed on this Communities (NETCSC). official site of' Foo Agriculturad& l Organization'.

www.epa.gov/ow www.ausald.gov.au Site of the ' Office of Water' of the ' Environment Protection The official sit f Australiaeo n Agenc r Internationayfo l Agency'. Development.

www.lrc.nl www.sanlgate.net e 'InternationaSitth f eo l Wate Sanitatio& r n Centre' Sanitation connectio Internen a ns i t based resource that gives acces informatioo st technologyn no , institution financind san f go www.waterweb.org sanitation systems around the world. This site represents the 'Water Web Consortium' which has been create promotdo t sharine eth informatiof go n concerning water www.enn.com and earth's environment. A news-based site sponsore Environmene th y db t News Network.

www.worldwatercouncll.org www.actlonald.org Wesite of the World Water Council. This official site of ActionAid covers among other things its interventions in WESS around the World. www.adb.org 'Asiae Sitth f eo n Development Bank' leadin,a g funding agenn i t www.wateronllne.com International Development wit indin ha a specific section- A vertical Net Community of Organisations/Individuals involved www.adbfndia.org. with Water related issues.

www.afrlcanwater.org Thisita es i dedicate watee th o drt secto African i r .

www.waterwlser.ora Sponsored by the American Water Works Association, the site covers activitie f botso h Privat Publid ean c organisations involved with 'Water' in North America.

207 The Water and Environmental Sanitation Sector in India