MAEAP Cropping Standards for Fruit Producers

FRUIT ◆ A ◆ SYST F O R M I C H I G A N P R O D U C E R S FAS 104 • October 2019

Fruit◆A◆Syst assesses risks in the field or orchard to groundwater

and surface water. It addresses nutrient, erosion, pest, irrigation and

other management practices. It also identifies Right to Farm and

environmental compliance issues. This assessment shows what is needed for Michigan Agriculture Environmental Assurance Program (MAEAP) Cropping System verification.

For MAEAP Verification: Contact the MAEAP Office at the Michigan Department of Agriculture & Rural Development (517) 284-5609

FruitFruit ◆A ◆Syst Cropping System Improvement Action Plan

List high-risk practice(s) from Action plan Risk ◆ ◆ question Fruit A Syst as well as medium- Required for Alternative low-risk practice (include Planned Indicate date risk practices that do not meet MAEAP potential sources of technical and completion when MAEAP requirements. verification? financial assistance). date completed 3.14 (Example) Yes Acquire pesticide spill clean-up kit from (√) Pesticide spill clean-up kit not available in water stewardship technician for pesticide March, 2019 Completed the orchard. application area. March 1, 2019

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FruitFruit◆ ◆A A◆ ◆Syst Syst Cropping System Improvement Action Plan

Action plan List high-risk practice(s) from Alternative low-risk practice ◆ ◆ Risk Fruit A Syst as well as medium- Required for (include potential sources of Planned Indicate date question risk practices that do not meet MAEAP technical and financial completion when MAEAP requirements. verification? assistance). date completed

(continued on next page) 3 3

Fruit ◆ A ◆ Syst Cropping System Improvement Action Plan (continued)

List high-risk practice(s) from Action Plan Risk Fruit◆ A◆Syst as well as medium-risk Required for Alternative low-risk practice Planned Indicate date question practices that do not meet MAEAP MAEAP (include potential sources of completion when requirements. verification? technical and financial assistance). date completed

I understand that this cropping system assessment and corresponding Cropping System Improvement Action Plan were developed on the basis that I have disclosed, to the best of my knowledge, all information pertaining to my cropping operations.

Farmstead address: Producer’s signature Date Street Fruit◆ A◆Syst conducted by: City MI, Zip code Name Title Watershed name: Organization Date

MAEAP Verification Action Plan Date Target date for MAEAP verification of Cropping System Target date for MAEAP verification of Farmstead System Target date for MAEAP verification of Livestock System Target date for MAEAP verification of Forest, Wetlands, & Habitat System

For MAEAP Verification - Contact MAEAP Office at the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development: 517-284-5609 4

◆ ◆ Fruit A Syst

Introduction soil and water resources. Fruit◆A◆Syst will identified current Right to Farm GAAMPs. Fruit◆A◆Syst will assist growers in developing assess current pest management practices and Verified Cropping Systems are positioned to and implementing a management plan and site identify alternative management strategies to achieve regulatory compliance with state and improvements that prevent contamination of reduce negative impacts to the environment. federal environmental laws. groundwater and surface water and maintain economic crop production. Plans will be The Michigan Agriculture Environmental For a list of currently available incentives and consistent with the Michigan Right to Farm Assurance Program (MAEAP) is a information on how to get started, contact a identified current Generally Accepted comprehensive, proactive and voluntary local conservation district, MSU Extension or Agricultural and Management Practices agricultural pollution prevention program. Natural Resources Conservation Services (GAAMPs) as well as applicable state and (NRCS) representative. ◆ ◆ federal environmental regulations. Producers who complete Fruit A Syst will be able to determine what structural, management practices The Michigan Right to Farm Act authorizes the Nutrients used in fruit production come from or record-keeping changes (if any) that will be Michigan Commission of Agriculture and Rural chemical fertilizers and naturally occurring needed for their businesses to be environmentally Development to develop and adopt GAAMPs for sources such as manure, legumes and biosolids assured through MAEAP. After addressing the risks farms and farm operations in Michigan. These (sewage sludge). Synthetic or naturally occurring indicated by the Cropping System Improvement voluntary practices are based on available nutrients can become mixed with surface water or Action Plan, the producer can contact the Michigan technology and scientific research to promote groundwater by natural processes such as runoff Department of Agriculture and Rural Development sound environmental stewardship. The current and leaching. Nitrate contamination of (MDARD) to request Cropping System verification Right to Farm GAAMPs are posted on the groundwater and phosphorus contamination of at (517) 284-5609. An MDARD verifier will schedule Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural surface water are problems in some areas of a site inspection. Development Web site: Michigan. Fruit◆A◆Syst will assess current www.michigan.gov/mdard. P.A. 451, Part 82, ensures the confidentiality of nutrient management practices and identify the producer information provided to the MDARD alternative management practices to reduce for verification. Any information connected with nutrient losses to the environment. What is the Crop Assessment the development, implementation or verification System for Fruit Producers? Virtually all crops produced in Michigan may of a conservation plan or conservation practice is be threatened by serious pest problems – confidential. The Crop◆A◆Syst for Fruit Producers disease-producing organisms, insects and (Fruit◆A◆Syst) is a series of risk questions that will The owner of a MAEAP verified Cropping System weeds. Producers are encouraged to adopt help assess how effectively a producer’s crop will be eligible for various incentives and can enjoy pest management practices that achieve the management practices protect groundwater and the peace of mind that comes with knowing that desired crop quality and yield while surface water resources. The risk questions are Cropping System practices are consistent with the minimizing any adverse effects on non- grouped in the following sections: target organisms, humans, and

5 Cover Photos: Mirjana Bulatovic-Danilovich, Rufus Isaacs and Mark Longstroth.

◆ ◆ Fruit A Syst

Cropping System Improvement Action A bold box indicates the management 3) After completing each section of risk questions, list the practices that present a high risk of Plan level(s) required for MAEAP verification. contaminating groundwater and surface water 1 Nutrient Management Practices resources in the Cropping System Improvement MAEAP management requirements are aligned 2 Soil and Water Conservation Practices Action Plan (printed inside the front cover of the with state and federal environmental regulations. 3 Pest Management Practices bulletin). Also include any medium-risk practices The GAAMPs and environmentally based that do not meet MAEAP verification 4 Water Use horticultural management practices are supported requirements. 5 Irrigation Management Practices by research. The records and/or evidence that 6 Other Environmental Risks in the indicate the approved management practices have 4) In the Cropping System Improvement Action Cropping System been implemented on the farm are listed in the far Plan, list: right column. This evidence will provide the basis • Management practices or site improvements for awarding environmental assurance through to be implemented that will reduce the MAEAP. The answers to the risk questions indicate whether identified risk. current management practices have a low, • Sources of technical and financial assistance. medium, or high risk of contamination. Growers ◆ ◆ How Does Crop A Syst Work? • Target dates for accomplishing the changes. are generally recommended to adopt the low-risk management practice. MAEAP local conservation 1) Select all relevant risk question sections for the • Target date for MAEAP Cropping System district technicians or horticultural advisors can fruit operation. verification. assist to make the appropriate management 2) Answer the risk questions by selecting the changes. answer that best describes management A Few Final Words practices used on the operation. Indicate the Responses to risk questions that address The key to Fruit◆A◆Syst is that, once risk level in the column to the right. Skip any management practices that are regulated by state environmental risks to groundwater and surface questions that don’t apply to the Cropping or federal law indicate illegal practices with water resources are identified, the plan is System. black bold print. The numbered footnotes will implemented to reduce the risks. Some of the indicate which regulation is violated (refer to Table Note: for MAEAP verification, complete the risk stewardship practices that will reduce risks may 2). questions with a Fruit◆A◆Syst trained cost very little and take very little time to implement. Other practices may involve additional Responses to risk questions that address individual. Locate a local MAEAP conservation cost and may not be implemented for a few years. management practices covered by the GAAMPs district technician through the county It is important, however, to have a plan to follow. indicate a management practice consistent conservation district, MSU Extension, or NRCS Once the plan is developed and changes are with a specific GAAMPs with blue bold italic office, or at www.maeap.org. implemented to address the risks, the farm is print. ready for MAEAP Cropping System verification.

NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK 1.00) Has there ever There has never been a Right to There was a formal Producer’s verbal indication been a formal Right to Farm complaint, or the concern Right to Farm complaint of complaint history. Farm complaint against was not verified, or the concern and the concern has not the farm? was resolved. resolved. 1.01) How often are fields All fields are sampled and All fields are sampled Fields have not been Field names or map. Acres tested for nutrient levels tested (both tissue and soil) on a and tested (either tissue soil or tissue tested in the cropped portions of (P, K, Ca, Mg) and pH? regular basis, at least every 4 or soil) every 4 years or within the past 4 years. the field. Up-to-date soil test years. producer plans to bring and tissue analysis reports, tests up to date. or schedule to bring all tests up to date. 1.02) Do soil sampling One composite sample is taken One composite sample procedures adequately from uniform field areas of less taken from areas represent field than 40 acres. For tree fruit, greater than 40 acres. conditions? samples are taken from under trees (weed sprayed, cultivated or mulched areas). 1.03) Is the soil pH The pH is adjusted to desirable Soil pH is maintained Soil pH is not maintained in the range before planting and and/or adjusted for current maintained in the desirable range for the maintained for current crop. crop on the basis of soil desirable range. crop(s) being grown? analysis after planting.

1.04) How are all sources Credit taken for nutrients When organic matter, When organic matter, Written records available, of nutrients considered supplied by organic matter, legumes, manure or other legumes, manure or showing nutrient credits when making fertilization legumes and manure or other biological materials other biological utilized. decisions? biological materials (biosolids). (biosolids) are used, materials (biosolids) are Fertilizer rates are reduced fertilizer rates are used, rates are not accordingly. sometimes reduced. reduced.

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 7 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK 1.05) How are fertilizer Consistent with Michigan Consistent with Michigan Fertilizer rates are not Applications consistent with application rates State University (MSU) State University (MSU) based on tissue or soil MSU recommendations determined? recommendations. When recommendations, based analysis. (MSU soil test printout or MSU recommendations are not on composite analysis calculated MSU available, other land-grant representing the whole recommendations on file). university recommendations farm. When MSU developed for the region may recommendations are not be used. (Based on site- available, applications are specific, block-by-block soil consistent with industry and tissue analysis.) standards. 1.06) How are nutrient Annual nutrient plan is A nutrient plan is developed Nutrient plan is not Annual nutrient plan by field management plans for developed on a block-by-block each year for each crop developed, or the same or crop grown. each field annually basis to meet crop nutrient species. Soil or tissue tests plan is used for more developed and followed? needs and minimize loss of are up-to-date. than four years. nutrients to the environment. 1.07) Is fertilizer Application equipment is Application equipment is Name of person responsible application equipment checked for rate of not checked. for fertilizer applicator checked for proper application and placement. adjustments and the dates adjustment? Over- and under-applications of adjustments. are monitored and corrected.

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs). 8

NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK 1.08) What soil nutrient Records of soil tests and Partial nutrient Minimal or no nutrient Three years of records – or management records are tissue analysis reports management records are management records five years, if applying kept? and quantities of nutrients kept. Complete nutrient kept. manure, applied to individual fields management records will - or plans to begin keeping or blocks are maintained. be kept in the future, for records. review at time of - Soil fertility tests and/or reverification. plant analysis results. - Previous crop grown and yield harvested. - Date(s) of nutrient application(s). - Nutrient composition of fertilizer or other material used. - Amount of nutrient- supplying material applied per acre. - Method of application and placement of applied nutrients. - The name of the individual responsible for fertilizer applicator. calibrating and the dates of calibration. - Vegetative growth and cropping history of perennial crops.

1.09) When not in use, where Supply vehicle is returned to Fertilizer and pesticide Map showing where are loaded planting and spray a secure location when not (including treated seed) vehicle(s) should not be supply vehicles (trailers and in use. Fertilizer and supply vehicle is left in parked adjacent to any well. trucks) parked to protect water pesticides are properly an unsecured location. No evidence vehicles left in resources from accidental stored more than 150 feet Or, an unsecured location. fertilizer and pesticide spills down gradient from any Fertilizer and pesticides and mischievous activities? well. are stored less than 1 150 feet from any well. A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 9 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) FOR MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK 1.10) Are poly tanks used Yes, Vertical (upright) tanks are Vertical tanks are used as as intended? used for stationary fertilizer mobile nurse tanks or storage, and horizontal tanks with other transportation tie-down features are used for applications. Vertical stationary storage and/or tanks are designed for transportation application. stationary storage. 1.11) Are poly tanks Poly tanks are inspected for Poly tanks are inspected Tanks are not inspected inspected periodically for crazing (spider webbing) and and periodically replaced regularly. High potential structural soundness? cracking in the spring and again at as necessary for tank failure is present. the end of the season. Damaged tanks are replaced or used for water. 1.12) How are Nitrogen N rates are based on tree/plant N rates are based on N rates are not based on (N) fertilizer applications vigor, production quality, pruning previous practices that nitrogen monitoring or matched to the demand practices and periodic tissue match inputs with plant plant assessment and of the crop and the analysis, and do not exceed MSU needs, but sometimes often exceed MSU conditions of the soil? recommendations. exceed MSU recommendations. recommendations. 1.13) How are Based on soil tests or plant P is applied without Commercial P management commercial Phosphorus tissue analysis using MSU regard to soil or tissue consistent with Nutrient (P) fertilization rates recommended rates. If soil test analysis. GAAMPs. determined? exceeds 150 ppm Bray P1 (300 lb/A), P is discontinued. 1.14) How often is P fertilizer is never broadcast on Broadcast applications P fertilizer is often Date(s) of application(s) of P commercial Phosphorus frozen or snow-covered fields. are avoided on frozen broadcast on frozen or fertilizers. (P) fertilizer applied on or snow-covered fields snow-covered fields. frozen or snow-covered and are not part of the fields? nutrient management plan.

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 10 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 11 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK MANURE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (IF MANURE IS NOT USED, SKIP THIS SECTION.) 1.18) How is Manure, and/or compost, is Manure, and/or compost, Manure, and/or compost, Manure, and/or compost, manure, and/or incorporated within 48 hours or is generally surface is applied in a manner that application records. compost, generally injected into the soil, and/or applied and conservation results in ponding, soil applied to fields? conservation practices (residue practices are employed to erosion losses, or manure management, perennial crops, cover reduce the risk of runoff. runoff to adjacent crops, etc.) are used to protect property, drainage ditches against runoff and erosion losses or discharge directly to to surface waters. surface water.4 1.19) How are Manure is incorporated within 48 Conservation practices Manure is applied within Field maps with setbacks streams, wetlands, hours or injected. Or, surface are maintained on some 150 feet of surface waters identified. Records of farm ditches and applications are not done within fields. and not incorporated manure incorporation. other water bodies 150 feet of surface water. Or, filter without conservation protected from strips, riparian buffer strips, and other practices. And/or manure manure runoff? conservation practices are occasionally reaches maintained between fields and neighbor’s property. surface waters on the farm and around surface water inlets. 1.20) How are Manure and N fertilizer are applied Manure N credits are Commercial N is not Manure rates do not manure Nitrogen (N) at rates that do not exceed the N considered but not to their reduced to account for exceed crop N needs, application rates requirements of the crop and are full extent. manure nitrogen credits. consistent with GAAMPs. managed? credited toward fertilizer needs. 1.21) How are High testing fields (>150 ppm Bray High testing fields (>150 Manure application rates Manure rates do not manure Phosphorus P1) do not receive manure, and ppm Bray P1) removed are not based on soil tests exceed crop P needs. If (P) application rates fields between 75 and 150 ppm P from spreading plan, but and/or crop removal rates. developing a Crop Nutrient managed? receive no more than four years, crop removal rates are not Management Plan crop P removal, if one-year followed. (CNMP), refer to USDA- application is impractical. NRCS 590 Standard. 1.22) How is Manure stockpiles are kept at least Manure stockpiles closer Appropriate temporary manure, and/or 150 feet from surface waters or than 150 feet to surface manure stockpiling compost, areas subject to flooding unless waters or areas subject to management temporarily conservation practices are used to flooding, and conservation demonstrated. stockpiled in relation protect against runoff and erosion practices are not used to to surface water? losses to surface waters. protect against runoff and erosion losses to 4 surface waters.

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 12 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK MANURE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (IF MANURE IS NOT USED, SKIP THIS SECTION.) 1.23) In the field, what Stockpiled manure is at least Stockpiled manure is at Stockpiled manure is Appropriate temporary management practices 150 feet away from non-farm least 150 feet away from closer than 150 feet to manure stacking are used to reduce odors homes and stockpiled non-farm homes. non-farm homes. management and pests from manure manure is covered with a demonstrated. temporarily stockpiled? tarp, straw, woodchips or other materials or additives are used to reduce odors and pests. 1.24) How long is manure Manure is spread as soon as Manure stockpiled for Appropriate temporary stockpiled in the field? field and weather conditions more than six months stockpiling management allow, and does not exceed without a cover, or more demonstrated. six months; or twelve than twelve months with months if covered with an an impermeable cover. impermeable cover. 1.25) How are fields No applications on frozen or Manure application risks Applications are made to MARI completed for each selected for spreading on snow-covered ground without index (MARI) has been fields where runoff to field receiving winter frozen and snow-covered injection or incorporation. completed for each field water resources may manure application, or ground? receiving manure on frozen occur. spreading plan does not or snow-covered ground. include winter spreading. Frozen or snow-covered fields receiving manure have met MARI criteria for Low or Very Low rating and no liquid manure is applied on slopes greater than 3%, and no solid manure is applied to slopes over 6%. 1.26) How are field tiles Liquid manure is prevented Tile outlets are not Tiled fields identified on managed to prevent from reaching tile lines. monitored for manure map. Records of tile flow manure discharge to Management practices are in discharge. before and after application surface water? place to prevent runoff to (flow, rate, color and odor). surface inlets. Tile line outlets are monitored. A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. Bold Black print 13 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

(Class A biosolids are essentially pathogens free with no restrictions for land application. Class B biosolids have low levels of pathogens and have restrictions and harvest intervals when land applied.) 1.29) Has nutrient Received laboratory analysis Have not received any Biosolids analyses on file. content for percent dry matter biosolids analysis information on the (solids), ammonium N (NH4- information. biosolids applied N), and total N, P and K, and to the farm been utilize nutrient credits when received? planning nutrient program. 1.30) How are the Received actual biosolids Have not received any Biosolids application rates on file. rates of biosolids application rates from the biosolids rate or nutrient (in gallons or dry biosolids generator or its land application information. tons per acre) and application contractor. applied biosolids Nutrient rates are consistent nutrients known? with MSU recommendations.

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 14 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION PRACTICES RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK 2.01) Have Environmentally sensitive Some environmentally Environmentally Areas identified on field maps with environmentally areas are identified. sensitive areas are identified. sensitive areas are not appropriate management or sensitive areas been Family members, considered. setbacks. identified (land near employees, and -Next to surface waters surface water, highly contractors are aware of -Fields with shallow groundwater erodible soils, soils and understand the -Fields with water wells with high leaching or management practices to -Areas near surface water inlets runoff potentials, protect these areas. -Fields with highly erodible soils wells, surface drains -Fields with highly leachable soils and inlets) that -Fields with high runoff potential require additional Training/communications plan to management when inform workers and contractors of applying nutrients appropriate management or and pesticides? setbacks. 2.02) Is soil erosion Soil erosion losses are RUSLE2 and WEPS are run Excessive soil erosion is RUSLE2 and WEPS calculations under control on the within tolerances as on fields that are not: occurring on the farm. completed and on file. farm fields? documented by the revised universal soil loss In pasture or hay ground, or equation (RUSLE2) and no-till planting systems. the Wind Erosion Prediction System Receiving fall tillage, with (WEPS). Minimal >30% residue on less than evidence of erosion and 12% slopes. no evidence of erosion of concentrated water flows. Receiving more than one pass Cover crop may be in fall tillage that leaves fields place. rough with >40% residue and less than 8% slopes.

And regardless of fall tillage, spring tillage leaves > 20% residue.

And for all of the above there is no evidence of sheet, rill or gully erosion.

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 15 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) FOR MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK 2.03) Are all streams, Filter strips, riparian buffer Conservation practices No conservation wetlands, farm ditches, and strips, grassed waterways and are maintained on some practices are maintained. other bodies of water on the other conservation practices are fields. Farm is immediately next farm protected from polluted maintained between fields and to surface waters, runoff and sediment with all surface waters on the farm. drainage ditches and conservation practices? roads. 2.04) Are cover crops planted Cover crops are included in the Cover crops are used Cover crops are not to prevent soil erosion, trap crop rotation to protect soil and occasionally. used. nutrients and pesticides, and water resources and control improve soil quality? erosion. 2.05) Are soil quality Soil quality indicators (e.g., Some soil quality No soil quality indicators indicators evaluated? earthworm populations, water indicators are evaluated. are evaluated. infiltration rates, soil compaction, percent plant and residue cover, pH, cation exchange capacity [CEC] and percent organic matter) are evaluated on all fields. 2.06) Are conservation and Owner or trained individual Conservation and Practices are not management practices routinely inspects and evaluates management practices inspected nor evaluated. routinely inspected and conservation and management are informally evaluated evaluated? practices. during field operations. PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES CONTINUING EDUCATION AND KNOWLEDGE 3.01) How does the grower Attend educational meetings, Occasionally attend Rely on outdated pest stay current on new pest read educational materials educational meetings and management practices. management practices and provided by the university or read new pest strategies for weeds, insects other reliable sources. At least management materials. and diseases? one new pest management practices adopted on a trial basis each year.

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. Bold Black print 16 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) FOR MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK PEST PREVENTION AND AVOIDANCE 3.02) Does the grower Employs and independent crop Relies on outdated pest consult with a pest consultant throughout the management practices. management consultant or growing season that is service during the growing knowledgeable of IPM. season? OR, Utilizes public reports and services from the university, local agribusiness or other reliable providers. 3.03) Does the grower review Previous pest populations, pest No. previous growing season pest suppression activities/pesticide management activities and usage and crop yield/injury are results? reviewed. Records used for future pest management plans. 3.04) When available, are Certified or quality seed and Bin-run or uncertified Use saved seed or certified seed or plant planting materials used planting material that is planting materials that is materials (tubers, crowns, whenever possible. cleaned and treated. untreated and potentially transplants, etc.) used that infected with insects, are insect, weed and disease- weed and/or disease free? pests. 3.05) Are crops (and plant Three year or longer rotations Short (< 3 year) rotations No rotation followed. families) rotated to break pest are utilized to break pest cycles are utilized because of Continuous cropping cycles and to maximize crop and to reduce the need for pest intensive cropping system results in yields? suppression practices. systems. Cover crops increased pest pressures utilized whenever and reduced yields. possible to improve system. 3.06) Are pest resistant and Pest resistant and tolerant Varieties without tolerant varieties planted? varieties are planted when resistance and tolerance available. are planted, resulting in the need for pest suppression practices. MONITORING 3.07) Are fields scouted for All fields are scouted on a Fields are scouted at Fields are not scouted. pests during the growing weekly schedule, by a qualified critical times, but not on a season? individual trained in IPM. weekly basis. Scouting reports and records are filed. A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 17 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) FOR MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK MONITORING (CONTINUED) 3.08) Are weather conditions On-farm weather station(s) provide Consumer weather Weather conditions are relevant to pest data to assist with crop and pest information used for not considered when management monitored? management decisions. crop and pest making crop and pest (i.e. air and soil temperature, OR, MSU Enviro-weather management management decisions. precipitation, soil moisture, (www.enviroweather.msu.edu) or decisions. wind speed and direction, other weather-based models are leave wetness, etc.) used to assist with crop and pest management decisions. PEST APPLICATION 3.09 Are soil characteristics Soil characteristics (texture and Whole-field application Pesticides are applied at and field conditions organic matter) and field conditions rates are based on the full labeled rates without considered when making (wind speed and direction, slope most vulnerable soil regard to vulnerable soil pesticide applications? and moisture) are assessed when type in the field and characteristics or field deciding on pesticide application field conditions. conditions. practices. Site-specific or variable- rate technology may be used. 3.10) How are surface and Pesticide labels with groundwater Labeled directions are Field maps indicating groundwater protected in and surface water advisory not followed.18 Spray is pesticide label setbacks and near fields from statements are followed. applied adjacent to or and other restrictions are pesticide contamination? over the top of surface followed. Plan identifies water, tile drain inlet or sensitive areas and how well. Other field they are treated. Drift restrictions are ignored. management plan available. 3.11) Are leaching/runoff Pesticides with the lowest Leaching/runoff and Pesticide choice is not and toxicity potentials potentials for leaching, runoff and toxicity potentials are based on leaching/runoff considered when making non-target toxicity are always occasionally and toxicity potentials. pesticide decisions? selected for use in fields. Some considered when Only cost and spray applications delayed to non- selecting soil-applied effectiveness are rainy periods. Mulches and ground pesticides. considered. covers used under trees to prevent leaching.

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 18 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) FOR MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK PEST APPLICATION (CONTINUED) 3.12) Are the The purchaser and applicator of RUP Non-certified and RUP certification purchasers and comply with certification requirements. unsupervised confirmed. 6 applicators of applicators use RUP. restricted-use pesticides (RUP) certified applicators? 3.13) How are Workers and handlers: Worker Protection Worker Protection workers and -Follow specific label requirements. Standard Standard requirements pesticide handlers -Are provided decontamination requirements are are ignored. 20 protected from supplies. partially met.20 exposure to -Are trained or certified applicators. pesticides? -Are informed of pesticide applications. -Are provided personal protective equipment. -Are provided emergency assistance, if needed. 3.14) If pesticides are A mixing and loading pad is used. Mixing Mixing and loading are Pesticides are mixed and Proper pesticide mixing mixed and loaded in and loading is done more than 150 feet done in different loaded at the same spot and loading demonstrated. the field, how are from any well and more than 50 feet from locations in the field, in the field year after year they handled? surface waters. more than 150 feet without a pad. from a private well, more than 800 feet from a public well* and more than 50 feet from surface waters. A mixing and loading pad is not used.

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 19 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR RISK (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION PESTICIDE APPLICATION (CONTINUED) 3.15) How are empty Containers are triple-rinsed or Disposal of empty Disposal of partially Evidence of containers pesticide containers power rinsed, punctured and containers and bags on filled containers. being recycled. rinsed and disposed? returned to dealer, properly the farm property.8,18 Burning of containers recycled, or disposed of in a on the farm property.8,18 licensed landfill. Bags are returned to dealer or taken to licensed landfill. Properly rinsed containers can be disposed in a dumpster that is taken to a licensed landfill. 3.16) Do pesticide Everyone using pesticides Label and labeling Evidence that labels are applicators read and follows label and labeling instructions are not followed. follow the label instructions. always followed. 18 instructions? 3.17) What Pesticides with different modes of Some but not all pesticide Pest resistance is not management practices action are rotated within a season or modes of action are rotated considered when are used to prevent the from one season to the next or used or tank mixed. Pesticides at selecting pesticides. development of pest in tank mixes where permitted. highest risk of resistance Refuge requirements for resistance to certain Pesticides at highest risk of are used sparingly. transgenic seed are pesticides. resistance are not used when ignored. alternatives are available. Refuge requirements for transgenic seed are followed. 3.18) Is a spill kit A spill kit containing a shovel, No spill kit is available Adequate spill kit present. immediately available to absorbent material, PPE and a or no plan is in place to pesticide applicators in container is immediately contain spills. 6 the field? available. 3.19) How is excess Spray mixture is applied to Spray mixture dumped Satisfactory explanation of spray mixture or rinse labeled site at or below labeled at farmstead or in procedures for excess water from the interior of rate of application or appropriately nearby field or pond.4 spray mixtures. the spray system stored for later use. disposed?

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 20 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK PESTICIDE APPLICATION (CONTINUED) 3.20) Where is the Washed in containment or washed Washed in the same Satisfactory explanation of exterior of the spray in the field in different locations location without collection, procedures for washing equipment and tractor >200’ from surface water, catch or in the field <200’ from spray equipment. washed if there is basins, or tile inlets and >150’ from surface water, catch basins accumulated residue? a well. or tile inlets or <150’ from a well. 3.21) How is accumulated Applied to a site where there is Dumped at the farmstead, Records of application spray building wastewater growing vegetation or where a crop in the field, or direct provided. or other comingled will be planted following labeled discharge to surface rinsates that cannot be setbacks at or below labeled rates. water.4 directly applied to Application areas are rotated and growing crops disposed? records of contents of material and application site are kept. Or taken to a hazardous waste landfill. 3.22) How is the proper Equipment is correctly calibrated Pesticide application Date of annual equipment and safe operation of at least annually and leaks are equipment is not properly calibration recorded. pesticide application minimized to apply intended rate calibrated. 6 equipment ensured? and distribution pattern. 3.23) How are pesticide A written drift management plan Pesticide applications Spraying operations are Written drift management applications assured to is utilized that minimizes off- follow labeled completed regardless of plan on file. remain on-target and target drift. instructions for target weather conditions or minimize off-target pests, but no drift forecast, and regardless pesticide spray drift? management plan is of the potential of off- utilized. target drift. 7 3.24) How is pesticide Do not spray when the wind speed Drift minimization is not spray drift minimized is greater than 10 mph. Do not considered when using an when using an air blast spray during thermal inversions. Cut air blast sprayer. sprayer? off spray for missing trees in the row.

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 21 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR RISK (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES - PESTICIDE APPLICATION (CONTINUED) 3.25) What pesticide Accurate records are Partial pesticide records No pesticide records Pesticide records for the past application records are maintained of all agricultural are kept. kept. three years on file (or plans kept? crop applications of pesticides Complete pesticide Chemicals used are to maintain records). for at least three years. application records will known by memory or - Date of application be kept in the future, for invoices only. - Time of application review at the time of - Pesticide brand/product reverification. name - Pesticide formulation - EPA registration number - Active ingredient(s) - Restricted-entry interval - Rate per acre or unit - Crop, commodity, stored product, or site that received the application - Total amount of pesticide applied - Size of area treated - Applicator’s name - Applicator’s certification number - Location of the application - Method of application - Target pest - Carrier volume per acre Additional optional records: - Full or alternate-row application - Weather conditions - Pest monitoring records and predictive model timing used - Follow-up evaluation of action taken

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 22 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORD OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK PESTICIDE APPLICATION (CONTINUED) 3.26) Are pesticides Pesticide toxicity to beneficial Broad spectrum pesticides selected and applications insects is considered. Pesticide used on a calendar timed to minimize impact applications timed to avoid injury schedule and not timed to on beneficial insects to beneficial insect populations. avoid beneficial insects. (natural enemies and pollinators)? 3.27) Are areas of the At least two acres is devoted to Some areas of the farm No habitat is provided for Note: Cost share is farm set aside as habitat conservation of native bees and are set aside to provide pollinators. available through for pollinators? other pollinators by providing flowers for bees and enrollment in the USDA flowers through the season, and other pollinators. pollinator conservation this is planted with a specific mix programs (E.g., USDA’s of wildflowers for this purpose. Farm Service Agency [FSA] Conservation Reserve Program-State Areas for Wildlife Enhancement [CRP-SAFE] pollinator program). 3.28) Is habitat provided to Ground cover plantings/mulches Ground covers/mulches Management of beneficial enhance populations of used under plants and in drive used under plants. organism is not natural enemies and rows for alternative nutrient considered. beneficial organisms? management and beneficials. Flowering plants provide for season-long nectar and pollen, and habitat provided to enhance natural enemy populations. 3.29) Are cultural Use alternate-row mowing method Maintain mow-free Beneficial insect practices managed to for insect control, NE strips around planting management is not enhance populations of enhancement and pollinator perimeter for natural considered. beneficial natural enemies preservation. Maintain mow-free enemy and pollinator (NE)? strips around planting perimeter preservation. for natural enemy and pollinator preservation.

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 23 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES - PESTICIDE APPLICATION (CONTINUED) 3.30) If a soil fumigant A written, site-specific fumigation A FMP is not prepared.18 pesticide is used on the management plan that meets US farm, is a fumigation EPA requirements is prepared management plan (FMP) and utilized before fumigation utilized? begins. 3.31) How are agricultural Call 911, sheriff, fire or emergency No contact to state or Farm emergency plan on pollution emergencies services department for personal local authorities. Spill file, or local emergency handled? safety issues. All uncontained discharges directly to telephone numbers spills or releases should be surface water.4 immediately available. reported to the MDARD Agriculture Pollution Emergency Hotline: 1-800-405- 0101, or the EGLE Pollution Emergency Alerting System: 1- 800-292-4706.

WATER USE 4.01) If the groundwater Pump capacity is less than Pump capacity is greater Farm records indicate and surface water pumps 100,000 gallons per day (70 than 100,000 gallons per compliance. have a combined capacity gallons per minute). day (70 gallons per to pump more than Or, minute) and water use is 100,000 gallons per day Register and report annual water not reported to the State (70 gallons per minute) for use to Michigan Department of of Michigan.13 agricultural purposes, has Agriculture and Rural water use been registered Development by April 1. and reported to the State of Michigan?

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 24 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

WATER USE (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK 4.02) Have new or The Water Withdrawal Pump capacity is greater Producer’s verbal indication of increased large Assessment Tool than 100,000 gallons per day compliance with regulation. quantity water (WWAT) was used to (70 gallons per minute) and withdrawals been determine if a proposed water use is not reported to registered (pumping withdrawal or expansion the State of Michigan.13 capacity greater is likely to cause an than 70 gpm or Adverse Resource 100,000 gallons per Impact, and to register day for systems the water withdrawal established after with MDEGLE, prior to July 9, 2009)? beginning the withdrawal. The WWAT and registration site is: http://www.miwwat.org/ 4.03) Is there an No unused well, or Unused well temporarily Unused, unsealed well in Unused well(s) properly sealed unused well located abandoned well abandoned properly: cropping area. 1 or temporarily abandoned. in the cropping properly sealed. -Meets minimum isolation area? distances -Is disconnected from any water distribution piping. -Has the top of the casing securely capped. IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (IF IRRIGATION IS NOT USED, SKIP THIS SECTION.)

SYSTEM MANAGEMENT 5.01) Are all All sprinkler systems Most sprinkler systems Sprinkler systems are often No field evidence of off-target sprinkler systems are operated to operated to minimize drift and operated under windy applications. operated to minimize drift and off- off-target application. Few off- conditions. Water is sprayed minimize drift and target application. No target irrigation applications over roads, adjacent property or off-target off-target irrigation occur. structures. application? application present.

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 25 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK SYSTEM MANAGEMENT 5.02) Is noise Noise control is provided when In most areas of concern, Noise control is not control provided needed. noise control is provided provided when needed. when needed? when needed. RECORD KEEPING 5.03) Are proper Irrigation system management Most of irrigation system Few or no irrigation Irrigation records on file, or irrigation system records are collected and retained, management records are system management plans to maintain records. management including: collected and retained. records are collected or records collected - Crop type and location. Plan to maintain complete retained. and retained for - Source of the water used. irrigation records. use in decision- - Date, method and amount of each making and for irrigation water application. reference in case - All system inspections and of complaints? repairs that influence uniformity and leaks. - Calibration of fertigation and chemigation equipment, if used. - Records on system uniformity evaluation. IRRIGATION SCHEDULING 5.04) How is Irrigation water is scheduled on the Irrigation water is Irrigation water is applied Scheduling system evident by irrigation basis of: scheduled on the basis of at a set rate per week if records. scheduling used to - Available soil water for each unit observed soil moisture no precipitation is determine when it scheduled. content and/or daily water received. is necessary to - Depth of rooting for each crop crop usage. irrigate and how irrigated. much water should - Allowable soil moisture depletion be applied during at each stage of crop growth. each irrigation - Measured, estimated or event? published evapotrans-piration data to determine crop water use. - Measured rainfall in each field irrigated.

IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK APPLICATION PRACTICES TO AVOID RUNOFF AND LEACHING 5.05) Is there a rain Every field is being managed Most fields have a rain No rain gauges OR only Rain gauges in all irrigated gauge in every irrigated for irrigation has a rain gauge; plan to have gauge one rain gauge at the fields, or plan to maintain in all field? gauge in the field. Rain in all fields. farmstead. fields. events are observed and used in conjunction with irrigation scheduling. 5.06) Is irrigation water Sprinkler application rates Most sprinkler application Sprinkler application No indication of significant runoff and ponding are below the soil infiltration rates are below the soil rates exceed the soil runoff or ponding in irrigated minimized? rate. Nutrient leaching is infiltration rate. Some infiltration rate. Runoff fields. minimized. runoff and ponding is and ponding is present. commonly visible. 5.07) Have all irrigation All irrigation systems have Some irrigation systems Irrigation system Uniformity tests on file. systems been evaluated been evaluated for have been evaluated for uniformity has not been Schedule for evaluating for application uniformity? uniformity. Corrections are uniformity. Remainder of evaluated. systems that have not been made to the system to improve systems scheduled to be evaluated. uniformity. evaluated.

5.08) How is the amount All water applications are Water applications are Water application Irrigation water delivered by of irrigation water accurately determined: estimated or based on amounts not determined. irrigation system is accurately delivered accurately -by knowing actual flow rates given by the irrigation Excess application determined. determined? delivered (GPM) and time of vendor or installation occurs. application. company. -or, by using a flow meter. -or, by average output caught with system evaluation. 5.09) Are split Split applications of nitrogen Nitrogen fertilizers are applications of nitrogen fertilizer are made when applied through irrigation fertilizer used when nitrogen is used in an on the basis of visual nitrogen is applied in an irrigated field. N application crop symptoms. Total N irrigated field? does not exceed MSU applied exceeds MSU recommendations. recommendation.

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 27 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK - 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK APPLICATION PRACTICES TO AVOID RUNOFF AND LEACHING (CONTINUED) 5.10) How far is the 200 feet or greater. Less than 200 feet with Less than 200 feet. Appropriate chemigation fertilizer/pesticide appropriate security storage or chemigation storage or measures. fertigation/chemigation system fertigation/chemigation isolation from surface water. system located from surface water (ponds, streams, rivers, drains, etc.)? 5.11) Is excess irrigation Irrigation water applications Excess irrigation water Excess irrigation water avoided? in excess of the quantity of applications may occur applications are water needed to replace the occasionally. common. soil/substrate moisture deficit are avoided. WELLHEAD PROTECTION 5.12) Is the irrigation well Anti-backflow device is Anti-backflow device is No anti-backflow Adequate protection of the adequately protected installed, including a reduced installed, including a device,1 no secondary well provided. from contamination from pressure zone (RPZ) valve, reduced pressure zone containment and less pesticides and fertilizers double check valve assembly, (RPZ) valve, double check than 150 feet isolation when fertigation and or chemigation valve with an valve assembly, or distance from irrigation chemigation are used? internal air gap, and chemigation valve with an well.1 agricultural chemical/fertilizer internal air gap, and storage and preparation areas agricultural are at least 150 feet from the chemical/fertilizer storage well, or at least 150 feet from and preparation areas the well, or at least 50 feet from have secondary the well, with secondary containment, but storage containment. Air gap is twice and preparation areas the diameter of the fill pipe or 6 are less than 50 feet from inches, whichever is greater. the well.1 Air gap is twice the diameter of the fill pipe or 6 inches, whichever is greater.

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 28 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK – 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK WELLHEAD PROTECTION (CONTINUED) 5.13) If the irrigation Anti-backflow device installed, Anti-backflow device No anti-backflow Anti-backflow device 1 well is interconnected including a reduced pressure zone installed, including a reduced device installed. installed, including a with a surface water (RPZ) valve, double check valve pressure zone (RPZ) valve reduced pressure zone source, is the well assembly, or chemigation valve double check valve assembly, (RPZ) valve, double check protected from with an internal air gap that or chemigation valve with an valve assembly, or backflow (back- protects the well from back- internal air gap, to protect chemigation valve with an pressure and back- pressure and back-siphonage into some irrigation water sources. internal air gap. siphonage) from the the well. Air gap is twice the Air gap is twice the diameter surface water into the diameter of the fill pipe or six of the fill pipe or six inches, well? inches, whichever is greater. whichever is greater. 5.14) How far is the Tank is more than 50 feet away or Tank is 50 feet or less Appropriate fuel storage irrigation fuel tank has some other engineering control away from surface isolation distance from 16 from a storm drain, present that would control or divert water and without an surface water. Engineering surface water or a spill from reaching a storm drain, engineering control in control, such as double- designated wetland? surface water or designated place. walled tank or dike. wetland.

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 29 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (CONTINUED) RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK – 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR RISK (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION WELLHEAD PROTECTION 5.15) Is a horizontal -HSW outlets are clearly -HSW outlets are clearly HSW is being used for Low or medium risk criteria sock well (HSW) identified as not being identified as not being suitable human consumption, are present or present in the suitable for human for human consumption. shares common piping with demonstrated. cropping system? consumption. -HSW is completely separated a potable water supply, -HSW is completely (no common piping) from any does not have both ends separated (no common potable water supply system. clearly identified, or does piping) from any potable -HSW meets isolation distance not meet State of Michigan, water supply system. requirements the entire for isolation distances, or -HSW meets isolation horizontal length of the HSW, MAEAP Standard, for its distance requirements the except for entire horizontal length.1 ,3 entire horizontal length of chemigation/fertigation systems the HSW during active use season that -Both ends of the HSW have backflow prevention are identified. device installed, including a reduced pressure zone (RPZ), double check valve assembly, or chemigation valve with an internal air gap installed and secondary containment. -Both ends of the HSW are identified

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 30 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS IN THE CROPPING SYSTEM RISK QUESTION LOW RISK – 3 MEDIUM RISK – 2 HIGH RISK – 1 RECORDS OR EVIDENCE FOR YOUR (RECOMMENDED) (POTENTIAL HAZARD) (SIGNIFICANT HAZARD) MAEAP VERIFICATION RISK 6.01) Is a live, Such species is not Such species is present, but was Such species is present restricted, or known to be present. not knowingly introduced, because it was knowingly prohibited species on It was introduced under a permit, introduced without a the land or in the OR permit, waters owned by It is possessed under a permit. OR producer? It is possessed without a 14 permit. 6.02) Does the farm A written food safety plan Food safety practices are A food safety program is not Note: This is a GAP (Good business have a food exists and is being generally followed, but not available. Agricultural Practices) safety plan that is implemented. documented in a written plan. requirement. USDA will not followed to reduce the certify the farm without a risk of foodborne documented food safety illness? program. Not required by Food Safety modernization Act but is recommended. 6.03) Does the farm The farm business has a The farm business has a There is no designated food Note: This is a GAP (Good business have a designated food safety designated food safety person(s). safety person. Agricultural Practices) person designated to person(s) and they have requirement. USDA will not implement and gone through the certify the farm without a food oversee a food safety Produce Safety Alliance safety designee. plan? grower training or equivalent. 6.04) Are there other No risk(s) identified. Risk(s) identified and plan to No plan to mitigate No other environmental risks activities, products, mitigate the contamination contamination risk(s). found in cropping areas. processes/equipment, risk(s). services, byproducts and/or wastes in the cropping areas that pose contamination risks to groundwater or surface water?

A boxed risk level indicates the level required for environmental assurance verification. Bold Black print indicates a violation of state or federal regulation. 31 Bold blue italic print indicates a management practice consistent with a specified 2019 Right to Farm (RTF) Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices (GAAMPs).

Table 1. Federal, state and local environmental requirements for operation of this farm business. This table contains the typical requirements for a farm business. There may be additional environmental requirements due to the type of operation and location. Contact the local or state permitting agencies for further information: Environmental Assistance Hotline —1-800-622-9278, and MDARD Information — 1-800-292-3939.

Environmental Your Regulatory Administering Expiration Description Frequency Requirements Agency Date

Air use permit Permit to install and operate equipment or processes which may emit air Before EGLE/Air Quality N.A. contaminants (incinerators for burning animal carcasses or manure, and construction Division biodigesters and associated equipment are examples). Farm motor vehicle fuel Fuel storage tanks have to be certified (aboveground) or registered Annual Department of Licensing storage tanks greater (underground); a site plan has to have been submitted to the LARA before and Regulatory Affairs than 1,100 gallon the installation is placed into service. (LARA) capacity (above- and Smaller tanks have other requirements to be met. below-ground tanks) Groundwater Any discharge of waste or waste effluent into or onto the ground (e.g., 5 years EGLE Water Resources discharge permit egg wash water and milk cooling water [over 10,000 gallons/day] that is Division discharged) and any livestock facility over 5,000 animal units.

Land and water interface Construction activities (dredging, filling, draining, construction, structure Before EGLE/Water Resources N.A. construction permits placement) in, across, under water. construction Division Pesticide safety training The federal Worker Protection Standard for agricultural pesticides Each employee MDARD/Pesticide and for pesticide workers requires employers of pesticide handlers and workers to train employees must be trained Plant Pest Management on pesticide safety. Agricultural employers must be able to verify every 5 years Division (PPPM) compliance. Private pesticide Any persons using or supervising the use of restricted-use pesticides 3 years MDARD/PPPM applicator certification (RUP) in the production of an agricultural commodity on their own or their employer’s land must be a certified pesticide applicator.

Septic permit (house and The first step in the process of determining if a piece of land that does not Before Local health N.A. farm operation) have municipal wastewater services available can be considered for an construction department on-site septic system. Soil erosion and Earth change activities within 500 feet of a lake or a stream, or that will Before County soil erosion sedimentation control disturb an area greater than 1 acre in size. construction permitting agency permit Water use reporting Agricultural water users with the capacity to withdraw surface or ground- Annual MDARD water that exceeds 100,000 gallons per day (70 gallons per minute) are required to report actual water withdrawals annually.

Identification guides for http://mnfi.anr.msu.edu/invasive-species/aquaticsfieldguide.pdf some species regulated https://mnfi.anr.msu.edu/invasive-species/InvasivePlantsFieldGuide.pdf by Part 413.

(continued on next page) 32

Table 1. Federal, state and local environmental requirements for operation of this farm business (continued).

Environmental Your Regulatory Administering Expiration Description Frequency Requirements Agency Date

Water Withdrawal The Water Withdrawal Assessment Tool (WWAT) is designed to estimate Before EGLE Water Resources The registration Assessment – new or the likely impact of a water withdrawal on nearby streams and rivers. Use construction Division is valid for increased large quantity of the WWAT is required of anyone proposing to make a new or increased 18 months. withdrawal large quantity withdrawal (over 70 gallons per minute) from the waters of the state, including all groundwater and surface water sources, prior to beginning the withdrawal. The WWAT and registration site is www.deq.state.mi.us/wwat.

Well permit A person who installs a well, pump or pumping equipment shall comply Before Local health department with applicable laws, regulation, ordinances and codes. construction

Environmental Administering Your Description Frequency Guidelines Agency Expiration Date

Cranberry production The Michigan Right to Farm Act (Act 93 of 1981) requires the Guidelines MDARD N.A. establishment of generally accepted agricultural and management reviewed Irrigation water use practices (GAAMPs). Agricultural producers who voluntarily follow these annually practices are provided protection from public or private nuisance Farm market litigation. The GAAMPs are reviewed annually. The latest GAAMPs can be accessed at: www.michigan.gov/mdard. Manure management and utilization

Nutrient utilization

Pesticide utilization and pest control

Site selection and odor control for new and expanding livestock production facilities

MAEAP verification: MAEAP systems information and requests for verification available at Five years MDARD livestock, farmstead, www.maeap.org or by calling MDARD 517-284-5609. and cropping systems

Table 2. Legal citations for environmental risks in Crop◆A◆Syst for Orchards and Fruit Producers

Footnote Michigan Law Description 1 Public Health Code, Public Act 368 of 1978 Part 127: Water Supply and Sewer Systems

2 Part 138 Medical Waste Regulatory Act 3 Safe Drinking Water Act, Public Act 399 of 1976 4 Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act, Act 451 of 1994 Part 31: Water Resources Protection 5 Part 55: Air Pollution Control 6 Part 83: Pesticide Control 7 Part 111: Hazardous Waste Management 8 Part 115: Solid Waste Management 9 Part 117: Septic Waste Servicers 10 Part 121: Liquid Industrial Waste

11 Part 169: Scrap Tires 12 Part 201: Environmental Response 13 Part 327: Great Lakes Preservation

14 Part 413: Wildlife Conservation 15 Bodies of Dead Animals Act, Public Act 239 of 1982 as amended 16 Fire Prevention Code Public Act 207 of 1941 Storage and Handling of Flammable and Combustible Liquids

17 Grade A Milk Law, Public Act 266 of 2001

Federal Law 18 Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)

19 Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986, also known as the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act

20 Worker Protection Standard for Agricultural Pesticides 21 Clean Water Act

22 Food Safety Modernization Act Food Safety Rule

CO S F MR E LA F A A I M R ST L R N S CONT OWN SA FIRST MR E LAS A E D BUSIN BUSIN BUSIN BUSIN BUSIN (MA (MA ( (MAI ( U STA S { { F F F F F F F F L (MA ( ( ( ( MA MAILING M T N T MA TACT X ADDI If I MA MA MA MA IL E f ARM ARM ARM ARM ARM ARM ARM ARM A E T N TE L SCR no t CTION: T A T h U MANAGER A AM or ILI I I TE A ITUD T e I NSION: LING LING LI T I I I I I DDR NAM L E phys ACT r LING) L L LING) LING) ME ION NAM E E E E E e T ATION: I NG NG I I R ADDR : PTION: R SIT SIT SI SI SI INFORMA NAM NG) NG) MAILING or E SS SS SS SS SS I is S ONAL M O : TE TE TE ______: i E no E ) ) ) ) ) ca ______: M CONTAC _____ ADDR L OWN WEB NAM E E ROL PHON I E : C SS: C STA STRE Z P ( ______E E l CITY: S S Z : P.O. C S T Z R COUNTY: CITY: ______ma IP HI ______I . : E address : T T E MRS O. TY: ______IP ______T ircl OWNSH I o S : ______P SS: AT ______(Ci ------R E R NOTES: GAN ilbo COD TE C CODE: E EE : COD S E EET BOX: ______E ______E e E BOX: ON ______: r ADDR ______I E ______R T: T ______: SS T cle : x ______T: : o r ______T ION ______E , ______NAM at E ne ______or ( ADDR : ple TACT INFORMA I E ______: ONLY ______NFORMA ______o t ______I : ______------MS h P: ) n a E e s e ______SS: E e farm MS ) : us E ______I ) N ______SS: (Mai e FO s S it ______e T T _ e c RM ION I ti T l ON loc ing on I E AT a _ , _ R: t _ _ ( T Address io Main _ ow ____ _ IO _ n _ or N nsh n Off i o p L a t , R , ONG May i ce ange p l ace or I Vary T _ , and th U Hom D a HOM M ( ( ( ( ( r t E ) MAILING) MAILING MAILING MAILING MAILING RANG L : atitu e OBI ______e c (MA (MAI (MAI (MAI ( MO H eives M Addr OM E d L AI e E E PHON B / I : and ma LING LI LI LI LI ____ I E C e LE ) ) ) ) E N N NG) NG) ss P i STA S ZI P CITY: LL l. / L G G H T .O ) ) o C P E R ) ) S ) O n E NUMB . COD S g Z CITY TE P E NUMB NE LL i B TATE TREE ______I ET: t . P O u OX : ______de N . CO N ______E : UM BOX ______) : UMBER _ : ______E T ______: _ D ______E R: : ______R: E _ BER: _ : _ : ______- ______- ______

_ 35

Grade Grade CNMP CNMP Conservation Conservation Cover Silage Cover CNMP CROPPING Is Irrigation Farmstead Name Pesticide Manure Manure Manure Manure Manure No Manure Manure Manure Manure Manure No Manure Date Pesticide Milkhouse LIVESTOCK EHS FARMSTEAD M Livestock Buffer Irrigation Fertilizer Fertilizer Fuel Fertilizer Pesticide NMP Manure Buffer there a nure Till Till Threshold: Storage: of (Acres): Crops Crops Pad of Stabilization Strips Stabilization Strips Written (Acres): Reviewed (Acres): (Acres): CNMP Evidence Sold Applied Applied Applied P N Produced P N Purchased K Manifested K Farm(s) Storage: Applied Applied Storage: Applied Applied Exclusion (Acres): (Acres): (Lbs/Year): (Lbs/Year): (Lbs/Year): (Lbs/Year): (Lbs/Year): (Lbs/Year): (Acres) Discharge Wells (Acres): (Acres): (Linear (Linear (Gallons/Year): ___ Tillage Tillage (Gallons) Approval: ______By: (Acres): (Gallons/Year): (Acres): By: Covered Yes (each) (Acres): (Acres): of : (Acres): (Acres): ______(Gallons) (Gallons) (Gallons/Year): ______(Each): (Gal (Each): (Linear Discharge: (Gallons/Year): Feet): Feet): ______(Acres): (Acres): (Gallons/year): ______or ____ _ l : ons/Year): ______In ______Feet): No ______CNMP: ______FARM ______Yes ______(Pounds) ______(Pounds) _____ (Pounds) _ NAME: ______or ______No ______Wetland Annual FOREST, Grade Grassland Greenhouse Greenhouse Conservation GREENHOUSE Irrigation Fuel Fertilizer Fertilizer Restored Restored/Improved Forestland Manure Plan Notes: Date Date No Managed Land Buffer/Filter Length Plan Pesticide Management Pesticide EHS NMP Till Threshold: Storage: Type: Writer: Management Plan Plan (Square ------Stabilization (Square of Cover Applied WETLANDS, (Acres) Applied Capacity: Capacity: Applied Non-Wetland (Square Stream as Written: Expires: (Acre (Acres): ______Buffers Size Wells Strips Forest Tillage (Gallons) Feet): Crop for Feet): s ______) (Square banks/Shorelines (Square Invasive (Square (Square _____ Feet): ------______(Each) Yes (Square (Gallons) (Gallons) (Square Plan (Square ___ Wetland (Acres): (Square _ ___ AND ____ Wetland Habitat (Acres) ___ Feet): _____ Feet): or Feet): Feet) Species HABITAT Feet): Feet): __ Feet): ______Feet): Habitat _ : No ___ (Acres): ______(Pounds) ______(Acres): (Pounds) (Pounds) (Feet): ___ Habitat (Acres): ______All _ _ Three ______

CAFO 700 500 55 82 30 2 1 1 1 10 10 OTHER OTHER 2 , , , 500 000 000 5 , , , , , 000 000 000 000 000 , 000 horses Mature swine Veal Beef turkeys= sheep swine Laying Laying Chickens LIVESTOCK LIVESTOCK calves= cattle = dairy each Large weighing or hens hens lambs Large cattle or weighing Farm Name: ______dry CAFO cow/calf dry= or Large (other ANIMAL broilers less ( CAFO whether Large TYPE TYPE: CAFO over than Animal than pairs= TYPE liquid CAFO 55 milked 55 : laying pounds , pounds= Large Unit or or hens) (AU) dry CAFO , or , Large cows) Conversion or , or Factors GESTATING GROW-FINISH cow OTHER VEAL ALL ALL ALL PULLETS HEIFER NURSERY LIQUID DRY DRY BOAR LACTATING LACTATING CALF CALF CALF HEIFER HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH OTHER OTHER COW SYSTEM CLASS FORAGE FORAGE ENERGY ENERGY SYSTEM by PIG Animal COW LIVESTOCK LIVESTOCK Type AVERAGE and WEIGHT

1000 1400 1400 1000 1000 1100 1100 750 750 750 350 3 2 275 250 450 150 150 100 QUANTITY: QUANTITY: 25 7 50 Class 5 ANIMAL QUANTITY

A Asparag A A Clover, Corn Corn Corn Christmas Corn Cher Cherries Ca B l l p p Notes: fa u r r p ebe ro icots l l fa es , , , , ri CROP t S See S Gra es s r w il See r u , , age i eet s es T Swee d in

T art NAME d rees t Farm Name: ______ACRES Cucumbe G G G G Cuc G G M H D F H Nursery r ops ay/ r r r r r r r u i eens, eenhouse, eenhouse, een apes apes y xe it , Note u Be P d mbe Othe astu ans Ga Beans , , : Ju W H r r r Express erbs s s, ic den r i CROP r ne , e e Fresh P A Pe i ck n r n NAME l en i u Crop ng acr a n l ia es l Commodities to the closest ACRES quarter acre. S Sma S Soybea S Vege Othe Oa W Othe P Rye P Peaches q u u ears o h ga t u n

t ea a s flower as ll t r t r r oes ab t : : G h Bee / n r P a l s e, CRO um i t n s , Ot O p P h kin the NAME er r ACRES

HJ/BP – 600 – 9 10:1

mentioned. not those against bias or Extension MSU by endorsement imply not does names rade t or products

Director, Director, MSU Extension, East Lansing, MI 48824. This information is for educational purposes only. Reference to commercial commercial to Reference only. purposes educational for is information This 48824. MI Lansing, East Extension, MSU

Exte Jeffrey W. Dwyer, Dwyer, W. Jeffrey Agriculture. of Department U.S. the with cooperation in 1914, 30, June and 8 May of acts work, nsion

MSU MSU of furtherance in Issued status. veteran or status family status, marital orientation, sexual beliefs, political disability,

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