Geosynthetic-Reinforced Embankments Over Soft Foundations
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GEOSYNTHETICS Our Solutions for the Infrastructure in Mining
GEOSYNTHETICS Our solutions for the infrastructure in mining Protective Fabrics Geosynthetics Outdoor Fabrics Grass Advanced Composites Advanced Armour OUR ECONOMIC SOLUTIONS FOR THE MINING INDUSTRY TenCate Bidim® S TenCate Polyfelt® TS TenCate Rock® PEC TenCate Miragrid GX TenCate Geosynthetics offers efficient and economical solutions which cover different applications: PORT EXPANSION ROADS & RAILROAD TRACKS DUMPWALL 2 OUR ECONOMIC SOLUTIONS FOR THE MINING INDUSTRY TenCate Geolon® PET TenCate Geolon® PP TenCate Bidim® AR TenCate GeoDetect® S-BR WORKING PLATFORMS TAILING PONDS 3 HAUL ROADS AND WORKING PLATFORMS Your quick and safe access to the mine Access roads, railway tracks and platforms are crucial for the Separation mining activities as all heavy plant and machinery are required Geosynthetics prevent upper granular layers to access the mine. penetrating soft subgrades beneath, so Geosynthetics from TenCate have been used over 40 years to reducing the amount of granular material stabilise temporary and permanent road constructions, required to stabilize a structure. showing significant benefits: • Cost saving and lower environmental impact by the Our solutions: reduction of granular layer thickness to stabilize the TenCate Bidim® S and TenCate Polyfelt® TS platform • No mixing between the granular materials of the road Filtration construction and the subgrade leading to an improved When used as filters, geotextiles permit the bearing capacity and performance free flow of water from a soil mass, while • Stronger platforms over time due to the reinforcement. inhibiting fine particle movement from the soil, thus stabilising the overall structure. TenCate Geosynthetics offer a complete range of products and solutions to fulfil the different functions involved in the Our solutions: construction of trafficked areas. -
REDUCED DIG' INSTALLATION GUIDANCE Gravel & Grassed Surfaces
® BODPAVE 85 PAVING GRIDS Data Sheet No : SDI / B85PRD09 Issue 2 'REDUCED DIG' INSTALLATION GUIDANCE Gravel & Grassed Surfaces The ‘Reduced Dig’ method of installation for BodPave ®85 is suitable for pedestrian and light vehicle applications where firm ground conditions already exist. It is particularly advantageous where there are budgetary limitations, restrictions on excavation due to SSSI conservation and archeological issues or Tree Preservation Orders (TPO). BENEFITS OF REDUCED DIG APPLICATIONS Minimal site preparation or variation to existing levels Light vehicle parking and access routes Reduced installation time and costs Pedestrian access & Cycle routes Reduced import of materials and disposal of debris Tree root protection Rapid establishment and usage of site after installation Golf buggy paths and Tow paths Compliant with current guidance for Sustainable Caravan and Leisure site access routes Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) Wheelchair and disabled access (DDA compliant) Suitable for grass or gravel surfaces Light aircraft parking and taxiways SITE SUITABILITY BodPave ®85 Where existing ground with Grass or Gravel conditions are firm Sand : Soil (ie: CBR > 7%) Rootzone or BGT100 Gravel Bedding and free draining upper Geotextile filter or where a suitable fabric option hardcore/stone base already exists. DoT (GSB) ‘Type 1’ or reduced fines Where trafficking is ‘Type 3’ Sub-base irregular or occasional Where loads will not Tensar TriAx ™ exceed that of cars TX160 geogrid BGT100 and light vans option Lower Geotextile layer option -
GEOTEXTILE TUBE and GABION ARMOURED SEAWALL for COASTAL PROTECTION an ALTERNATIVE by S Sherlin Prem Nishold1, Ranganathan Sundaravadivelu 2*, Nilanjan Saha3
PIANC-World Congress Panama City, Panama 2018 GEOTEXTILE TUBE AND GABION ARMOURED SEAWALL FOR COASTAL PROTECTION AN ALTERNATIVE by S Sherlin Prem Nishold1, Ranganathan Sundaravadivelu 2*, Nilanjan Saha3 ABSTRACT The present study deals with a site-specific innovative solution executed in the northeast coastline of Odisha in India. The retarded embankment which had been maintained yearly by traditional means of ‘bullah piling’ and sandbags, proved ineffective and got washed away for a stretch of 350 meters in 2011. About the site condition, it is required to design an efficient coastal protection system prevailing to a low soil bearing capacity and continuously exposed to tides and waves. The erosion of existing embankment at Pentha ( Odisha ) has necessitated the construction of a retarded embankment. Conventional hard engineered materials for coastal protection are more expensive since they are not readily available near to the site. Moreover, they have not been found suitable for prevailing in in-situ marine environment and soil condition. Geosynthetics are innovative solutions for coastal erosion and protection are cheap, quickly installable when compared to other materials and methods. Therefore, a geotextile tube seawall was designed and built for a length of 505 m as soft coastal protection structure. A scaled model (1:10) study of geotextile tube configurations with and without gabion box structure is examined for the better understanding of hydrodynamic characteristics for such configurations. The scaled model in the mentioned configuration was constructed using woven geotextile fabric as geo tubes. The gabion box was made up of eco-friendly polypropylene tar-coated rope and consists of small rubble stones which increase the porosity when compared to the conventional monolithic rubble mound. -
Mechanically Stabilized Embankments
Part 8 MECHANICALLY STABILIZED EMBANKMENTS First Reinforced Earth wall in USA -1969 Mechanically Stabilized Embankments (MSEs) utilize tensile reinforcement in many different forms: from galvanized metal strips or ribbons, to HDPE geotextile mats, like that shown above. This reinforcement increases the shear strength and bearing capacity of the backfill. Reinforced Earth wall on US 50 Geotextiles can be layered in compacted fill embankments to engender additional shear strength. Face wrapping allows slopes steeper than 1:1 to be constructed with relative ease A variety of facing elements may be used with MSEs. The above photo illustrates the use of hay bales while that at left uses galvanized welded wire mesh HDPE geotextiles can be used as wrapping elements, as shown at left above, or attached to conventional gravity retention elements, such as rock-filled gabion baskets, sketched at right. Welded wire mesh walls are constructed using the same design methodology for MSE structures, but use galvanized wire mesh as the geotextile 45 degree embankment slope along San Pedro Boulevard in San Rafael, CA Geotextile soil reinforcement allows almost unlimited latitude in designing earth support systems with minimal corridor disturbance and right-of-way impact MSEs also allow roads to be constructed in steep terrain with a minimal corridor of disturbance as compared to using conventional 2:1 cut and fill slopes • Geotextile grids can be combined with low strength soils to engender additional shear strength; greatly enhancing repair options when space is tight Geotextile tensile soil reinforcement can also be applied to landslide repairs, allowing selective reinforcement of limited zones, as sketch below left • Short strips, or “false layers” of geotextiles can be incorporated between reinforcement layers of mechanically stabilized embankments (MSE) to restrict slope raveling and erosion • Section through a MSE embankment with a 1:1 (45 degree) finish face inclination. -
Linktm Gabions and Mattresses Design Booklet
LinkTM Gabions and Mattresses Design Booklet www.globalsynthetics.com.au Australian Company - Global Expertise Contents 1. Introduction to Link Gabions and Mattresses ................................................... 1 1.1 Brief history ...............................................................................................................................1 1.2 Applications ..............................................................................................................................1 1.3 Features of woven mesh Link Gabion and Mattress structures ...............................................2 1.4 Product characteristics of Link Gabions and Mattresses .........................................................2 2. Link Gabions and Mattresses .............................................................................. 4 2.1 Types of Link Gabions and Mattresses .....................................................................................4 2.2 General specification for Link Gabions, Link Mattresses and Link netting...............................4 2.3 Standard sizes of Link Gabions, Mattresses and Netting ........................................................6 2.4 Durability of Link Gabions, Link Mattresses and Link Netting ..................................................7 2.5 Geotextile filter specification ....................................................................................................7 2.6 Rock infill specification .............................................................................................................8 -
Mechanically Stabilized Earth Wall Abutments for Bridge Support
JOINT TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PROGRAM FHWA/IN/JTRP-2006/38 Final Report MECHANICALLY STABILIZED EARTH WALL ABUTMENTS FOR BRIDGE SUPPORT Ioannis Zevgolis Philippe Bourdeau April 2007 TECHNICAL Summary Technology Transfer and Project Implementation Information INDOT Research TRB Subject Code: 62-6 Soil Compaction and Stabilization April 2007 Publication No.FHWA/IN/JTRP-2006/38, SPR-2855 Final Report Mechanically Stabilized Earth Wall Abutments for Bridge Support Introduction Using MSE structures as direct bridge abutments objective of this study was to investigate on the would be a significant simplification in the design possible use of MSE bridge abutments as direct and construction of current bridge abutment support of bridges on Indiana highways and to systems and would lead to faster construction of lead to drafting guidelines for INDOT engineers highway bridge infrastructures. Additionally, it to decide in which cases such a solution would be would result in construction cost savings due to applicable. The study was composed of two major elimination of deep foundations. This solution parts. First, analysis was performed based on would also contribute to better compatibility of conventional methods of design in order to assess deformation between the components of bridge the performance of MSE bridge abutments with abutment systems, thus minimize the effects of respect to external and internal stability. differential settlements and the undesirable “bump” Consequently, based on the obtained results, finite at bridge / embankment transitions. Cost savings in element analysis was performed in order to maintenance and retrofitting would also result. The investigate deformation issues. Findings MSE walls have been successfully used walls compared to conventional reinforced as direct bridge abutments for more than thirty concrete walls is their ability to withstand years. -
Technical Supplement 14D--Geosynthetics in Stream Restoration
Technical Geosynthetics in Stream Restoration Supplement 14D (210–VI–NEH, August 2007) Technical Supplement 14D Geosynthetics in Stream Restoration Part 654 National Engineering Handbook Issued August 2007 Cover photo: Inert or manmade materials can be used in restoration de- signs where immediate stability is required and can be used in concert with vegetation. Advisory Note Techniques and approaches contained in this handbook are not all-inclusive, nor universally applicable. Designing stream restorations requires appropriate training and experience, especially to identify conditions where various approaches, tools, and techniques are most applicable, as well as their limitations for design. Note also that prod- uct names are included only to show type and availability and do not constitute endorsement for their specific use. (210–VI–NEH, August 2007) Technical Geosynthetics in Stream Restoration Supplement 14D Contents Purpose TS14D–1 Introduction TS14D–1 Materials TS14D–1 Geotextile ....................................................................................................... TS14D–1 Geogrid ........................................................................................................... TS14D–1 Geonet ............................................................................................................ TS14D–2 Geocell ........................................................................................................... TS14D–2 Rolled erosion control products ................................................................ -
Promoting Geosynthetics Use on Federal Lands Highway Projects
Promoting Geosynthetics Use on Federal Lands Highway Projects Publication No. FHWA-CFL/TD-06-009 December 2006 Central Federal Lands Highway Division 12300 West Dakota Avenue Lakewood, CO 80228 FOREWORD The Federal Lands Highway (FLH) of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) promotes development and deployment of applied research and technology applicable to solving transportation related issues on Federal Lands. The FLH provides technology delivery, innovative solutions, recommended best practices, and related information and knowledge sharing to Federal agencies, Tribal governments, and other offices within the FHWA. The objective of this study was to provide guidance and recommendations on the potential of systematically including geosynthetics in highway construction projects by the FLH and their client agencies. The study included a literature search of existing· design guidelines and published work on a range of applications that use geosynthetics. These included mechanically stabilized earth walls, reinforced soil slopes, base reinforcement, pavements, and various road applications. A survey of personnel from the FLH and its client agencies was performed to determine the current level of geosynthetic use in their practice. Based on the literature review and survey results, recommendations for possible wider use of geosynthetics in the FLH projects are made and prioritized. These include updates to current geosynthetic specifications, the offering of training programs, development of analysis tools that focus on applications of interest to the FLH, and further studies to promote the improvement of nascent or existin esign methods. Notice This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) in the interest of information exchange. The U.S. -
5 Embankment Construction
5 Embankment Construction Rock Embankment Lift Requirements Compaction Methods Shale and Soft Rock Embankments Lift and Compaction Requirements Embankments on Hillsides and Slopes Embankments over Existing Roads Treatment of Existing Roadbeds Density Control Settlement Control Method of Measurement CHAPTER FIVE: EMBANKMENT CONSTRUCTION The purpose of this chapter is to teach the Technician how to properly inspect embankment construction. The knowledge acquired will enable the Technician to implement the skills necessary to insure a good, solid, and lasting embankment which is absolutely necessary for a durable and safe highway. Different classifications of materials encountered, lift requirements, compaction methods, benching, density tests, moisture content, earthwork calculations, and Specifications relating to each particular area of embankment of construction will be discussed. ROCK EMBANKMENT Rock excavation consists of removing rock which cannot be excavated without blasting. This material includes all boulders or other detached stones each having a volume of 1/2 yd3 or more. In a rock fill, the lifts are thick and the voids between the rock chunks are large. Although these voids are filled with fines at the top and sides of the embankment, inside the embankment many large voids remain. If these rock pieces remain intact, deformations are small within the embankment because of the friction and interlocking between pieces. LIFT REQUIREMENTS The requirements for a rock embankment are: 1) No large stones are allowed to nest and are distributed over the area to avoid pockets. Voids are filled with small stones. 2) The final 2 ft of the embankment just below the subgrade elevation is required to be composed of suitable material placed in layers not exceeding 8 in. -
BRIDGE DESIGN MEMORANDUM – DM0211 TO: RPG Structural
BRIDGE DESIGN MEMORANDUM – DM0211 TO: RPG Structural Engineers Design Consultants DATE: July 7, 2011 RE: SCDOT Geotechnical Design Manual, Version 1.1 Revisions to Chapters 4, 8, 9, 10, and 17 The first paragraph of Section 4.3 of the SCDOT Geotechnical Design Manual shall be amended by inserting the following sentence between the fifth and sixth sentences: Any requests to deviate from these minimum requirements shall be made in writing and shall be forwarded to the PCS/GDS for consideration. All testing shall be to a sufficient depth to effectively evaluate the appropriate limit state conditions and shall fully penetrate any formation that will affect performance (e.g., settlement or slope instability of a roadway embankment or roadway structure). The paragraph in Section 4.3.3 of the Manual shall be deleted and replaced with the following paragraph: All roadway embankments shall have one testing location at least every 500 feet along the roadway embankment. In addition, roadway embankments within 150 feet of a bridge end shall have a minimum of two testing locations; one at the bridge end (which is also used for bridge foundation design) and one at a point 150 feet from the bridge end. The testing location 150 feet from the bridge end must be to a depth that is sufficient to effectively evaluate Extreme Event I limit state for the roadway embankment design. SCDOT Geotechnical Design Manual, Version 1.1 DM0211 Page 2 July 7, 2011 Table 8-11 of the Manual shall be deleted and replaced with the following table: Table 8-11, Roadway Structure Operational Classification (ROC) Roadway Structure Operational Classification Description (ROC) Roadway embankments located within 150 feet of a bridge with OC = I. -
Coming Full Circle 32 30 Years of Launched Soil Nails 48 Ground Stabilization for Underground Construc
20 Ground Improvement 32 30 years of 48 Ground stabilization for 72 The Rise of UAVs – Coming Full Circle Launched Soil Nails Underground Construction in Geotechnics SEPTEMBER // OCTOBER 2016 Ground Improvement Proudly published by the Geo-Institute of ASCE SEPT/OCT GROUND 2016 IMPROVEMENT THE EVOLUTION OF LAUNCHED SOIL NAILS A 30-Year Retrospective By Colby Barrett, JD, PE, M.ASCE, and Graeme Quickfall Fiberglass launched soil nails used for bluff stabilization in Northern California. 32 GEOSTRATA SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2016 aunched soil nails are a unique remedial technology in the geotechnical construction Ltoolbox. These 20-ft-long, 1.5-in.-diameter nails are installed in a single shot using a compressed air “cannon” at velocities of up to 250 miles/hour, and at rates approaching 250 nails/day. The nails reinforce an unstable or potentially unstable soil mass by transferring the nail’s tensile and shear capacity into the sliding soil. However, at least as interesting as the tool itself, is the story behind the development of launched soil nail technology over the past 30 years. This story is not just one of technological innovation, advance- ment, and refinement of a specific piece of construction equipment. It stands as a testament of the innovative, bold, and resourceful char- acter of engineers and practitioners in the geotechnical construction industry. It’s also an insight into how engineers from three continents — often working independently — responded to challenges as diverse as national tragedy, shrinking infrastructure budgets, and the challenges posed by geohazards across the globe, to create a powerful new tool that continues to be refined, updated, and improved to the present day. -
Applications of Geosynthetics in Embankments- a Review
ISSN (Online) 2393-8021 ISSN (Print) 2394-1588 IARJSET International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology nCORETech LBS College of Engineering, Kasaragod Vol. 5, Special Issue 1, Feburary 2016 Applications of Geosynthetics in Embankments- A Review Ankita I K1, Devika G2, Lakshmi Priya K3, Remya R4, Jayamohan J5 Third Year Students, Civil Engineering Dept, LBS Institute of Technology for Women, Thiruvananthapuram, India1,2,3,4 Associate Professor, Civil Engineering Dept, LBS Institute of Technology for Women, Thiruvananthapuram, India5 Abstract: Construction and maintenance of embankments form an integral part of every highway or railway projects which are keystones of the economy of our nation. In many locations good soil will not be available for the foundation and also for the construction of embankment. In such cases reinforcing soil with geosynthetic is a very effective and economic option. This paper thoroughly reviews the improvements in load settlement behaviour of embankments attained by inclusion of various forms of natural and polymeric geosynthetics. It is seen from literature that natural geosynthetics made with coir or jute can also be effectively used for improving the durability and stability of embankments. Keywords: Embankments, Natural geosynthetics, Polymeric geosynthetics, Stability of embankments. I. INTRODUCTION Geosynthetics have become well established construction materials for geotechnical and environmental applications in most parts of the world. Geosynthetic-reinforced structures have been used worldwide due to their successful performance and economic efficiency. Over the years, these products have helped designers and contractors to solve several types of engineering problems where the use of conventional construction materials would be restricted or considerably more expensive.