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Landscape Character Assessment Vol. 1

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Landscape Character Assessment Vol. 1 Richmondshire Landscape Character Assessment & Landscape Sensitivity Study Volume 1 - Landscape Character Assessment October 2019 Richmondshire Landscape Character Assessment & Landscape Sensitivity Study Volume 1 - Landscape Character Assessment Approved Dominic Watkins Position Director Date 21st October 2019 Revision Final CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1.2 Purpose of the Landscape Character Assessment 1.3 Policy Context 1.4 Landscape Character Assessment Methodology 1.5 Using the Landscape Character Assessment 2.0 THE LANDSCAPE OF RICHMONDSHIRE 2.2 Physical Influences 2.3 Human and Cultural Influences 3.0 LANDSCAPE CLASSIFICATION 3.1 General 3.2 National Character Context 3.3 County Character Context 3.4 Neighbouring Areas Character Context 3.5 Richmondshire Landscape Classification 4.0 PRINCIPLES FOR MANAGING LANDSCAPE CHANGE 4.1 General 4.2 Agriculture and Land Management 4.3 Development and Infrastructure 4.4 Climate Change 4.5 Mineral Extraction 5.0 LANDSCAPE CHARACTER DESCRIPTIONS 5.1 Local Landscape Character Type A: Moors 5.2 Local Landscape Character Type B: Moors Fringe 5.3 Local Landscape Character Type C: Dale 5.4 Local Landscape Character Type D: Narrow Valley 5.5 Local Landscape Character Type E: Broad Valley 5.6 Local Landscape Character Type F: Vale 6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS 6.1 General 6.2 Local Plan Policy 6.3 Development Management 6.4 Landscape Assessment Toolkit 6.5 Monitoring Landscape Change 6.6 Developing a Green infrastructure Strategy October 2019 Richmondshire Landscape Character Assessment & Landscape Sensitivity Study 111316-Vol1-LCA-F-2019-10-21 Chris Blandford Associates APPENDICES 1 Glossary 2 Bibliography 3 Stakeholder Workshop Note FIGURES 1.1 Location and Context 2.1 Topography and Hydrology 2.2 Geology 2.3 Landscape and Biodiversity Designations 2.4 Historic Landscape Character 2.5 Heritage Designations 3.1 County Landscape Character Types 3.2 Local Landscape Character Types 3.3 Landscape Character Areas October 2019 Richmondshire Landscape Character Assessment & Landscape Sensitivity Study 111316-Vol1-LCA-F-2019-10-21 Chris Blandford Associates EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This Landscape Character Assessment of the Richmondshire Local Plan area provides an in-depth understanding of the study area’s landscapes that can assist in informing judgements and decisions concerning the management of landscape change. The objectives of the Landscape Character Assessment are to: Identify, map and describe the patterns, features and elements of the various landscape character types and areas within the study area that contribute to defining local distinctiveness. Develop landscape principles and guidance to inform the decision-making process and help manage change in a sustainable and positive manner. The Landscape Character Assessment was undertaken in line with the principles of Natural England’s technical guidance ‘An Approach to Landscape Character Assessment, 2014’. Informed by the desk study and field survey work, the study area’s landscapes are characterised by classifying, mapping and describing the landscape. Physical and cultural influences combine to create the unique and distinctive character of the study area’s landscape. The study area is characterised by a diversity of upland and lowland landscapes, which are represented by six generic Local Landscape Character Types and 49 component Landscape Character Areas that together comprise the landscape classification for the Richmondshire Local Plan Area, as identified in the table below. For each Local Landscape Character Type, its key characteristics and character are described. The Local Landscape Character Types also include an evaluation of the key Sensitivity to Change Issues based on desk studies, field survey and stakeholder consultation. Guidance for managing landscape change to protect, manage and enhance the physical/ecological, cultural/historical and aesthetic/perceptual character of each Local Landscape Character Type is also provided. More detailed descriptions are provided for the constituent Landscape Character Areas, which include a summary of their key characteristics, descriptions of the current and historic landscape character, evaluation of their Landscape Condition and an evaluation of the key Forces for Change that currently, or potentially may in the future, influence the condition of the landscape components that give each Landscape Character Area its distinct and recognisable local identity and sense of place. Overarching principles and guidance for managing landscape change are also provided to help ensure that the characteristic landscape features that make a key contribution to local distinctiveness and sense of place within the study area are appropriately protected, managed and enhanced by proposals. The Landscape Character Assessment provides a common framework and source of baseline information about Richmondshire’s landscapes within the study area. This common framework provides a basis for adopting an integrated, positive approach to managing landscape change by all those involved with, or that have an interest in, the planning, design and management of Richmondshire’s landscapes. October 2019 Richmondshire Landscape Character Assessment & Landscape Sensitivity Study 111316-Vol1-LCA-F-2019-10-21 Chris Blandford Associates Local Landscape Character Types Landscape Character Areas Upland Landscapes A - Moors A1: Marrick and New Forest Moor A2: Throstle Gill/Marske Beck Moor A3: Gayles and Marske Moor A4: Preston and Stainton Moor A5: Downholme and Hipswell Moor A6: Witton Moor A7: Tan Hill Moor B - Moors Fringe B1: Newsham Moors Fringe B2: Dalton and Gayles Moors Fringe B3: East and West Layton Moors Fringe B4: Melsonby Moors Fringe B5: Whashton Moors Fringe B6: Marrick and Marske Moors Fringe B7: Richmond West Moors Fringe B8: Richmond East Moors Fringe B9: Downholme Moors Fringe B10: Colburn Moors Fringe B11: Stainton Moors Fringe (North) B12: Scotton Moors Fringe B13: Preston-under-Scar Moors Fringe B14: Stainton Moors Fringe (South) B15: Hauxwell Moors Fringe B16: Tunstall Moors Fringe B17: Middleham Moors Fringe B18: Witton Moors Fringe B19: Spennithorne Moors Fringe Lowland Landscapes C - Dale C1: Lower Swaledale (Richmond West) C2: Lower Swaledale (Richmond East) C3: Mid-Swaledale C4: Lower Wensleydale C5: Lower Coverdale D - Narrow Valley D1: Ravensworth Narrow Valley D2: Gilling Narrow Valley D3: Skeeby Narrow Valley E - Broad Valley E1: Cliffe Broad Valley E2: Stapleton Broad Valley E3: Dalton-on-Tees Broad Valley E4: Brompton-on-Swale West Broad Valley E5: Brompton-on-Swale East Broad Valley E6: Leyburn Broad Valley E7: Middleham Broad Valley E8: Ulshaw Broad Valley F - Vale F1: Caldwell Vale F2: Aldbrough Vale F3: Barton and North Cowton Vale F4: Moulton Vale F5: Eryholme Vale F6: Constable Burton Vale F7: Hornby Vale October 2019 Richmondshire Landscape Character Assessment & Landscape Sensitivity Study 111316-Vol1-LCA-F-2019-10-21 Chris Blandford Associates 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1.1.1 In April 2019, Richmondshire District Council appointed Chris Blandford Associates (CBA) to prepare the Richmondshire Landscape Character Assessment & Landscape Sensitivity Study (the ‘study’). 1.1.2 The study comprises two volumes that should be considered and used in conjunction with each other: Volume 1 - Landscape Character Assessment (this document) Volume 2 - Landscape Sensitivity Study (separate document) 1.1.3 Together, these studies enable better-informed decisions to be made about the future management of landscape change. They provide valuable tools for the Council to use in its role as the Local Planning Authority with regard to assessing and monitoring the landscape implications of potential site allocations in the new Local Plan and planning applications. The studies are also intended to provide useful sources of information and guidance for developers, stakeholders and the general public with respect to informing proposals for landscape change. 1.2 Purpose of the Landscape Character Assessment 1.2.1 The purpose of the Landscape Character Assessment is to provide evidence to inform the Richmondshire District Local Plan review in line with the requirements of the National Planning Policy Framework and Planning Practice Guidance in respect of landscape considerations. 1.2.2 The Landscape Character Assessment aims to help ensure that change and development respects Richmondshire’s landscape character within the study area, and that key features are conserved and enhanced. October 2019 1 Richmondshire Landscape Character Assessment & Landscape Sensitivity Study 111316-Vol1-LCA-F-2019-10-21 Chris Blandford Associates 1.2.3 The objectives of the Landscape Character Assessment are to: Identify, map and describe the patterns, features and elements of the various landscape character types and areas within the study area that contribute to defining local distinctiveness. Develop landscape principles and guidance to inform the decision-making process and help manage change in a sustainable and positive manner. 1.3 Policy Context 1.3.1 The Landscape Character Assessment reflects the principles of the European Landscape Convention, the Government’s National Planning Policy Framework (2019) and latest Planning Practice Guidance, and current guidance provided by Natural England’s ‘An Approach to Landscape Character Assessment’ (2014). It provides a valuable context for spatial planning in Richmondshire by informing our understanding of the intrinsic character and value of the District’s
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