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Beyond the Net: New Technologies & Sports Wagering Jeffrey L. Derevensky, Ph.D. McGill University www.youthgambling.com The Changing Face of Gambling Our new field of dreams… Gold Coast in Queensland, Australia Gambling is catering to a new generation of youth… The millennials So what’s so different?? Technologically sophisticated Social media users Today’s Youth & Social Media… 1. keeps people connected 2. enhancement of self (good for the ego) 3. represents an integral part of daily life; to be without it is socially isolating 4. fosters obsessive behavior- need to check-in regularly 5. mixed feelings about games: waste time, all consuming (think about games even when not playing them) Social media users 6. social games & videogames can be enjoyable, entertaining, fun 7. enhances avoidance of problems 8. helps relieve boredom Today…GAMBLING (gaming) has become normalized in our society Slots for kids Slots for adults Today’s games come in many varieties and can be played on multiple platforms… Videogames… Videogame platforms Wii X-Box X-Box 360 PlayStation Multiple genres Action games Adventure games Sports games Science fiction games Shooter games Multiple genres (e.g., Grand Theft Auto, I, II, III) Gambling-related games Table 22 Age of Onset for Video Games by Gender and Gaming Addiction N Mean SD Gender Male 518 8.58 2.73 Female 574 9.94 2.84 Gaming addiction Social gamer a 1057 9.34 2.85 Addicted gamer b 35 7.91 3.16 Total 1092 9.30 2.87 3GAS score (0-3). bGAS score (≥4). Popular online games Interactive games… Trivia Crack Trivia Crack Trivia Crack Advertising on Trivia Crack Heart of Vegas Heart of Vegas Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPG) What are the most popular Facebook fan sites? 87 What we know about the Internet • Access is widespread • Access is inexpensive • Internet is anonymous • Internet is convenient • Internet is entertaining • Internet is used for many purposes • Social networking has exploded Social Media Games 53% of Facebook users play social media games (81 million people play at least one game daily). Social games can distort perceptions of winning • Outcomes are not based on chance, but designed to prolong play • “If only I was playing for real money..” Internet Gambling A recent analysis suggests that there are over 2300 online gambling sites: 642 different owners; 74 jurisdictions • Slots (EGMs) (56%) • Casino games (33%) • Poker (22%) • Sports/Race Books (19%) • Bingo (16%) • Lotteries (4%) • Other activities (2%) Gambling (gaming) has become glamorized Internet and mobile gambling is the fastest growing segment of the industry Joe Cada, age 21, Community College dropout, winner World Series of Poker, 2009, $8.55 million Jonathan Duhamel, age 23, University dropout, winner World Series of Poker, 2010, $8.944 million Pius Heinz, age 22, University student, winner World Series of Poker, 2011, $8.72 million Greg Merson, age 24, University dropout, winner World Series of Poker, 2012, $8.528 million Ryan Reiss, age 23, wins $8.36 million in 2013 WSP recent college grad “I’ve been dreaming about it a long time, ever since I was 14 and saw (Chris) Moneymaker win it.” Is Internet gambling problematic? Are Internet gamblers more likely to have problems? Wood & Williams (2007) - Sample of on-line adult gamblers • Non-problem gamblers: 34% • At-risk gamblers: 24% • Moderate problem gamblers: 23% • Severe problem gamblers: 20% • 2/3 of those respondents gambling on the Internet are likely to have problems Some clinical evidence Frequency of Play on Internet Gambling Sites With Money in the Past 12 Months by Gambling Severity Internet Gambling With Money1 N = 2292 Yes No (n = 183) (n = 2109) Gambling Groups*** Non Gambler n = 745 0 100 Social Gambler n = 1333 9.5 90.5 At-Risk Gambler n = 139 21.6 78.4 Probable n = 75 34.7 65.3 Pathological Gambler Total 8.0* 92.0 1Percentage *13.1% males; 4.6% females are gambling on Internet Types of Internet Gambling Activities by Gambling Group 14 12 Social Gambler At-Risk Gambler 10 Probable Pathological 8 6 Frequency % 4 2 0 Roulette Blackjack Sports Slot Cards Maj Jong Stock Betting machines Market Games Follow-up study (McBride & Derevensky, 2007) • Montreal high-school students: N = 1113 • Canadian and U.S. college and university students: N = 1273 • On-line gaming newsletter link: N = 546 Gambling for Money on Internet 60 50 40 High School 30 College/University Frequency % Frequency 20 Internet Sample 10 0 Male Female Gambling for Money on Internet Frequency 100 90 80 70 60 50 High School 40 College/University Frequency % Frequency 30 Internet Sample 20 10 0 never less than monthly weekly once a month Internet Sample Online Gambling Activities 80 70 60 50 40 30 Frequency % Frequency 20 10 0 Roulette Blackjack Baccarat Dice Keno Sports Horse Slots Cards Stock betting Racing Market Gambling Severity by Sample 80 70 60 50 High School 40 College/University Internet Sample Frequency % Frequency 30 20 10 0 Non-gambler Social gambler Problem gambler Internet Sample of Problem Gamblers 90 80 70 60 50 Have gambled for money 40 Have used Frequency % 30 "demo/practice" sites 20 10 0 Male Female 18-24 25+ Reasons Youth Gamble on Internet Internet sample 18-24 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Game High speed Bonuses Competition Convenience Privacy Anonymity Don't need to Good odds Fair/reliable 24-hour diversity play leave house payouts accessibility How Youth Are Paying 45 40 35 30 25 20 Frequency % 15 10 5 0 Personal Family credit Family credit Debit Personal Wire/bank credit card card (with card (without card/ATM cheque transfer permission) permission) Sports gambling: A favorite American pastime How popular is sports gambling? Statistics • Approximately $3.9 billion was gambled in 2014 in Nevada’s legal 187 sports books • An estimated $380 billion is bet through offshore books or bookies each year • According to an ESPN survey, about 118 million Americans gambled on sports in some manner in 2008 • About 67% of all college students bet on sports • Sports betting is 2nd to poker in popularity of gambling games among college students • Approximately 23% of all adults wager on sports • Approximately 33% of all American men say they gamble on sports (Pew Research Center) • A recent survey revealed that 44% of 12th grade males reported wagering on sports at least once • A recent poll found 42% of Americans would support legalized sports betting in all states • Sports fans support legalized sports betting by 55% • If legalized, sports betting would generate an estimated $10 billion per year and $100 million in taxes per state Super Bowl 2015 • Sports bettors wagered nearly $116 million in Nevada on the 2015 Super Bowl, several million short of the record-setting $119.4 million wagered in 2014 (Nevada Gaming Control Board). • According to an estimate by the AGA released in January 2015, Americans were expected to make $3.8 billion worth of illegal bets on 2015 Super Bowl. Gambling overview 8 Global gambling market gross win 2003-2015 Total global gambling market gross win from 2003 to 2015 (in billion euros) Note: Worldwide; 2003 to 2012 Further information regarding this statistic can be found on page 48. Source: H2 Gambling Capital; ID 253416 Gambling overview 9 Regional distribution of total gambling gross win 2012 Distribution of global gambling gross win in 2012, by region Note: Worldwide; 2012 Further information regarding this statistic can be found on page 49. Source: H2 Gambling Capital; ID 253410 Gambling overview 11 Category breakdown of total global online gambling gross win 2012 Total global online gambling gross win by category in 2012 (in billion euros) Note: Worldwide; 2011 Further information regarding this statistic can be found on page 51. Source: H2 Gambling Capital; ID 253396 Sports betting - Statista Dossier Sports betting providers & online betting Sports betting providers & online betting 13 Market volume of online gaming worldwide 2012 Size of the online gaming market from 2003 to 2015 (in billion U.S. dollars) Note: Worldwide; 2003 to 2015 Further information regarding this statistic can be found on page 52. Source: H2 Gambling Capital; bet-at-home; ID 270728 Sports betting providers & online betting 15 Global online sports betting - amount wagered and won 2012 Online sports betting: amount wagered and gross win from 2004 to 2012 (in billion U.S. dollars) Note: Worldwide; 2004 to 2008 Further information regarding this statistic can be found on page 54. Source: H2 Gambling Capital; ID 270261 Sportsbooks in Nevada 20 Amount wagered on sporting events at Nevada sports books 2012 Total amount wagered on sporting events at Nevada sports books from 2006 to 2012 (in billion U.S. dollars) Note: United States; 2006 to 2012 Further information regarding this statistic can be found on page 58. Source: American Gaming Association; ID 188348 Sportsbooks in Nevada 23 Number of sports books in Nevada 1985-2013 Total number of sports books in Nevada from 1985 to 2013 Note: United States; 1985 to 2013 Further information regarding this statistic can be found on page 61. Source: University of Nevada-Las Vegas; ID 250240 Sportsbooks in Nevada 24 Percentage of wagers on different sports at Nevada sports books 2012 Distribution of bets placed at sports books in Nevada by sport from 2009 to 2012 Note: United States; 2009 to 2012 Further information regarding this statistic can be found on page 62. Source: American Gaming Association; ID 188364 Sportsbooks in Nevada 25 Amount wagered on the Super Bowl in sports books in Nevada 2004-2015 Amount wagered on the Super Bowl in sports books in Nevada from 2004 to 2015 (in million U.S.