VITAL STATISTICS OF INDIA BASED ON THE CIVIL REGISTRATION SYSTEM 2010
OFFICE OF THE REGISTRAR GENERAL, INDIA MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS VITAL STATISTICS DIVISION WEST BLOCK-I, R. K. PURAM NEW DELHI- 110066
ENSURE REGISTRATION OF EVERY BIRTH AND DEATH PREFACE
The Civil Registration System (CRS) may be defined as a unified process of continuous, permanent and compulsory recording of the vital events and characteristics thereof, as per legal requirements in the country. In India, the Civil Registration System covers registration of births and deaths only. It provides the best source of information on the vital rates at all levels.
2. This issue of the Report on ‘Vital Statistics of India based on the Civil Registration System’ for the year 2010 provides an overview of the working of the Civil Registration System (CRS) in the country and presents a compilation of data on registered births, deaths and infant deaths with rural-urban & sex- wise break-up and sex ratio at birth based on Civil Registration Records. Ideally, an Annual Report on vital statistics containing more detailed information should have been brought out. However, due to non-availability of Annual Reports from some of the major States and limited availability of information contained in the Annual Reports of some of other States, the report for the year 2010 containing key information has been brought out for the convenience of users. An attempt has been made to present more detailed analysis as compared to previous Reports.
3. The publication is divided into two parts. Part I provides a brief review of the Civil Registration System and contains a summary analysis of data on registered births, deaths, infant deaths and sex ratio at birth at State level. Part II consist of the main tables which provide State and District-wise data on registered births, deaths, infant deaths and still births with rural-urban & sex-wise break-up and sex ratio at birth.
4. The data source for the report is the statutory Annual Statistical Report prepared by the Chief Registrars of Births & Deaths. In respect of States where these reports have not been prepared, the information provided by the Chief Registrars has been used. I take this opportunity to express my sincere gratitude to all the Chief Registrars of Births & Deaths of various States/UTs for their kind co-operation in providing the requisite information.
5. The report has been prepared by the Vital Statistics Division of this office. I would like to place on record my appreciation for the efforts put in by Smt. P. A. Mini, Deputy Registrar General, Shri R. K. Gautam, Joint Director, Shri Ajay Khanna, Deputy Director, Shri Sandeep Rai, Assistant Director and Shri Vimal Kaul, Sr. Compiler under the overall guidance of Shri Deepak Rastogi, Additional Registrar General, India.
Dr. C. Chandramouli New Delhi Registrar General August, 2013 & Census Commissioner, India
CONTENTS Page No.
Map 1 Level of Registration of Births, 2010 vii Map 2 Level of Registration of Deaths, 2010 viii Map 3 Sex Ratio at Birth, 2010 ix
Overview of Civil Registration System x-xi Executive Summary xii-xiii Glossary of Terms xiv Part I - Review and Analysis
Chapter I Civil Registration System - An Introduction 5 - 7 Chapter II Observations on Working of the RBD Act Report for the year 2010 8 - 11 Chapter III A Brief Analysis of Data on registered Births, Deaths and Infant Deaths 12 - 43
List of Statements
Statement 1 Civil Registration System - At a Glance 3 Statement 2 Estimated events and Level of Registration by India, States 2010 4 Statement 3 Number of registration units and level of reporting by place, India, States and Uts, 2010 13 Statement 4 Number of registered births and deaths at the national level, 1981 – 2010 14 Statement 5 Number of registered births by States/ Union Territories, 2001-2010 16 Statement 6 Number of registered deaths by States/ Union Territories, 2001-2010 17 Statement 7 Number of registered infant deaths by States/ Union Territories, 2001-2010 18 Statement 8 Sex-wise Registered Births and Deaths of Major States (in '000), 2010 20 Statement 9 Total Registered and Estimated Births & Deaths of Major States, 2010 22 Statement 10 Percentage distribution of registered infant deaths by place of occurrence, 2010 25 Statement 11 Percentage distribution of infant deaths by sex, 2010 25 Statement 12 Still Births registered during 2010 25 Statement 13 Level of Registration of Births, 2001-2010 27 Statement 14 Level of Registration of Deaths, 2001-2010 29 Statement 15 Major States (Population above 10 million as per 2011 Census) classified by their level of 30 registration, 2009 and 2010 Statement 16 Crude Birth & Death Rates based on CRS &SRS and LOR- States/Union Territories, 2010 37 Statement 17 Still Birth Rate Based on Registered Vital Events, 2010 39 Statement 18 Sex Ratio at Birth based on registered events, 2001-2010 40 Statement 19 Registered Births & Deaths of Indian Nationals in Indian Missions/Post abroad 42-43
List of Charts
Chart 1 Number of Registered Births, 1981-2010 15 Chart 2 Number of Registered Deaths, 1981-2010 15 Chart 3 Sex-wise Distribution of Registered Births, 2010 19 Chart 4 Sex-wise Distribution of Registered Deaths, 2010 19 Chart 5 Sex-wise Registered Births of Major States, 2010 20 Chart 6 Sex-wise Registered Deaths of Major States, 2010 21 Chart 7 Estimated & Registered Births, 2001-2010 21 Chart 8 Estimated & Registered Deaths, 2001-2010 22 Chart 9 Total Registered & Estimated Births of Major States, 2010 23 Chart 10 Total Registered & Estimated Deaths of Major States, 2010 23 Chart 11 Live Birth by medical attention at birth 24 Chart 12 Medical Attention at the time of Death 24 Chart 13 Level of Registration of Births and Deaths, 2001-2010 26 Chart 14 Level of Registration of Births of States/UTs, 2010 28 Chart 15 Level of Registration of Deaths of States/UTs, 2010 28 Chart 16 Level of Registration of Births and Deaths , 2010 31 Chart 17 Level of Registration excluding Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, 2001-2010 32 Chart 18 LOR of births for EAG & Assam, Southern and Other States/UTs, 2001-2010 33 Chart 19 LOR of deaths for EAG & Assam, Southern and Other States/UTs, 2001-2010 33 Chart 20 Crude Birth Rate based on CRS and SRS, 2001-2010 34 Chart 21 Crude Birth Rate based on CRS and SRS of better performing major States 34 Chart 22 Statewise Crude Birth Rate, 2010 35 Chart 23 Crude Death Rate based on CRS and SRS, 2001-2010 35 Chart 24 Crude Death Rate based on CRS and SRS of better performing major States, 2010 36 Chart 25 Statewise Crude Death Rate, 2010 36 Chart 26 Infant Mortality Rate based on CRS, 2001-2010 38 Chart 27 Percentage of infant deaths to total registered deaths, 2001-2010 38 Chart 28 Sex Ratio based on Registered Births, 2010 41 Chart 29 Sex Ratio at Births based on CRS and SRS, 2001-2009 41
Part II - List of Detailed Tables
Table 1 Number of live births registered by sex and residence, 2010 49 Table 2 Number of deaths registered by sex and residence, 2010 50 Table 3 Number of infant deaths registered by sex and residence, 2010 51 Table 4 Number of still births registered by sex and residence, 2010 52 Table 5 Crude Birth Rate based on CRS and SRS - States/Union Territories, 2010 53 Table 6 Crude Death Rate based on CRS and SRS - States/Union Territories, 2010 54 Table 7 Infant Mortality Rate based on registered births and infant deaths, 2010 55 Table 8 Still Birth Rate based on registered vital events, 2010 56 Table 9 Level of Registration of births and deaths - States / Union Territories, 2010 57 Table 10 Death by Age and Sex of the deceased, 2010 58-63 Table 11 Number of live births registered - States/Union Territories/Districts, 2010 64-76 Table 12 Number of deaths registered - States/Union Territories/Districts, 2010 77-89 Table 13 Number of infant deaths registered - States/Union Territories/Districts, 2010 90-101 Table 14 Number of still births registered - States/Union Territories/Districts, 2010 102-111 Table 15 District-wise birth and death rates 112-118
Annexure
Civil Registration Hierarchy in States and Union Territories 120-125 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96
AFGHANISTAN
0 0 36 36 INDIA
JAMMU AND KASHMIR N LEVEL OF REGISTRATION OF BIRTHS 2010
A BOUNDARY, INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY, STATE/U.T.
0 C 0 32 T 32 HIMACHAL PRADESH S H KILOMETRES PUNJAB 100 0 100 200 300 400 I C T
UTTARAKHAND I K I A N HARYANA B 0 N 28 A E T ARUNACHAL 0 28 NCT OF DELHI E PRADESH P P A SIKKIM L B H U T A N RAJASTHAN UTTAR PRADESH ASSAM NAGALAND
MEGHALAYA BIHAR MANIPUR
0 0 24 BANGLADESH 24
GUJARAT TRIPURA MIZORAM
JHARKHAND
WEST BENGAL MADHYA PRADESH
MYANMAR
CHHATTISGARH
New More I. 0 DAMAN & DIU (INDIA) 20 0
20 ODISHA DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI
MAHARASHTRA
BAY OF ARABIAN SEA BENGAL
0 0 P 16 16 ANDHRA PRADESH
GOA REGISTRATION OF BIRTHS
KARNATAKA BELOW 30.0
L Coco Is. A 30.1 - 50.0 A (MYANMAR)
K N D S Narcondam I.
(INDIA) A H
50.1 - 80.0 M
A A D
0 N W 80.1 - 90.0 Barren I. 0
12 (INDIA) 12 E A L E PUDUCHERRY 90.1 AND ABOVE N A P P
D
K
S N ( S
I E N I ( H
I C A D N KERALA TAMIL NADU P A I D O C - CHANDIGARH A I D ANDAMAN SEA B ) A P - PUDUCHERRY
) W A
E R
E I
P S L
A 0 N 0 8 D 8 S
INDIRA POINT I N D I A N O C E A N
0 0 0 0 0 0 72 East of Greenwich 76 80 84 88 92 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96
AFGHANISTAN
0 0 36 36 INDIA
JAMMU AND KASHMIR N LEVEL OF REGISTRATION OF DEATHS 2010
A BOUNDARY, INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY, STATE/U.T.
0 C 0 32 T 32 HIMACHAL PRADESH S H KILOMETRES PUNJAB 100 0 100 200 300 400 I C T
UTTARAKHAND I K I A N HARYANA B 0 N 28 A E T ARUNACHAL 0 28 NCT OF DELHI E PRADESH P P A SIKKIM L B H U T A N RAJASTHAN UTTAR PRADESH ASSAM NAGALAND
MEGHALAYA BIHAR MANIPUR
0 0 24 BANGLADESH 24
GUJARAT TRIPURA MIZORAM
JHARKHAND
WEST BENGAL MADHYA PRADESH
MYANMAR
CHHATTISGARH
New More I. 0 DAMAN & DIU (INDIA) 20 0
20 ODISHA DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI
MAHARASHTRA
BAY OF ARABIAN SEA BENGAL
0 0 P 16 16 ANDHRA PRADESH
GOA REGISTRATION OF DEATHS
KARNATAKA BELOW 30.0
L Coco Is.
A A (MYANMAR) 30.1 - 50.0 N
K D S Narcondam I.
(INDIA) A H
50.1 - 80.0 M
A A D
0 N W 80.1 - 90.0 Barren I. 0
12 (INDIA) 12 E A L E PUDUCHERRY N A 90.1 AND ABOVE P P
D
K
S N ( S
I E N I ( H
I C A D N KERALA TAMIL NADU P A I D O C - CHANDIGARH A I D ANDAMAN SEA B ) A P - PUDUCHERRY
) W A
E R
E I
P S L
A 0 N 0 8 D 8 S
INDIRA POINT I N D I A N O C E A N
0 0 0 0 0 0 72 East of Greenwich 76 80 84 88 92 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96
AFGHANISTAN
0 0 36 36 INDIA
JAMMU AND KASHMIR N SEX RATIO AT BIRTHS 2010
A BOUNDARY, INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY, STATE/U.T.
0 C 0 32 T 32 HIMACHAL PRADESH S H KILOMETRES PUNJAB 100 0 100 200 300 400 I C T
UTTARAKHAND I K I A N HARYANA B 0 N 28 A E T ARUNACHAL 0 28 NCT OF DELHI E PRADESH P P A SIKKIM L B H U T A N RAJASTHAN UTTAR PRADESH ASSAM NAGALAND
MEGHALAYA BIHAR MANIPUR
0 0 24 BANGLADESH 24
GUJARAT TRIPURA MIZORAM
JHARKHAND
WEST BENGAL MADHYA PRADESH
MYANMAR
CHHATTISGARH
New More I. 0 DAMAN & DIU (INDIA) 20 0
20 ODISHA DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI
MAHARASHTRA
BAY OF ARABIAN SEA BENGAL
0 0 P 16 SEX RATIO AT BIRTHS 16 ANDHRA PRADESH GOA BELOW 850
KARNATAKA 851 - 900
L Coco Is.
A A (MYANMAR) 901 - 950 N
K D S Narcondam I.
(INDIA) A H
951 - 1000 M
A A D
0 N W ABOVE 1000 Barren I. 0
12 (INDIA) 12 E A L E PUDUCHERRY N A NOT AVAILABLE P P
D
K
S N ( S
I E N I ( H
I C A D N KERALA TAMIL NADU P A I D O C - CHANDIGARH A I D ANDAMAN SEA B ) A P - PUDUCHERRY
) W A
E R
E I
P S L
A 0 N 0 8 D 8 S
INDIRA POINT I N D I A N O C E A N
0 0 0 0 0 0 72 East of Greenwich 76 80 84 88 92 Overview of Civil Registration System (CRS)
1. Registration of birth is a right of the child and is the first step towards establishing their identity.
2. It is compulsory to report births and deaths to the Registrar of Births and Deaths under the Registration of Births and Deaths Act, 1969.
3. Births and Deaths are registered only at the place of their occurrence.
4. Head of the household is responsible to report births and deaths that occurred in the house to the Registrar of Births and Deaths.
5. It is the responsibility of the officer in charge to report the births and deaths that occur in hospitals, nursing homes, health centres, etc. to the Registrar of Births and Deaths of the concerned area.
6. For reporting of events, prescribed forms are used, Form 1 for live birth, Form 2 for death and Form 3 for still birth.
7. Midwives and other Medical and Para-medical persons who have attended a birth of a child are duty bound to notify the Registrar about the occurrence of the birth.
8. Keepers of crematoria and burial grounds, and persons required to be present at such places by a local authority are required to notify the Registrar about the occurrence of the death.
9. The Registrar of Births and Deaths have the power to obtain information regarding birth/death from those who are in the knowledge.
10. Births and deaths are to be reported within 21 days of occurrence of the event.
11. A Birth/Death certificate is to be issued free of charge for events reported within 21 days.
12. Births and deaths reported after 21 days but within 30 days can be registered on payment of prescribed late fee.
13. Births and death reported after 30 days but within one year can be registered on production of an affidavit, permission of the prescribed authority and payment of a late fee.
14. Births and deaths reported after one year can be registered only with the permission of a First Class Magistrate and payment of prescribed late fee.
15. Births can be registered without name of the child.
vii
16. Name of the child can be reported to the registrar for entering in the Birth Register within one year of registration free of charge.
17. Name of the child can also be entered after one year but within 15 years of registration on payment of prescribed late fee.
18. Persons giving information about births/deaths are required to give it under their signature.
19. Errors in the particulars of births or deaths in the registers can be corrected according to the prescribed procedure.
20. Wrong and fraudulent entries can be cancelled by the Registrar of Births & Deaths.
21. Under Section 17 of the RBD Act, 1969, any person can cause a search in the birth/death registers for any entry and obtain a certified extract (Birth/Death Certificate).
22. Extracts issued under Section 17 of the Registration of Births and Deaths Act shall be admissible as evidence of birth or death to which the entry relates.
23. All Registrars are to send a monthly return to the District Registrar or Chief Registrar.
24. Births that occurred outside the country can also be registered in India within sixty days of return of the family at the place where they settle.
25. There is no provision to register deaths that occurred outside the country.
26. Non-reporting of births and deaths, giving false information for inclusion in the register, refusing to put signature in the reporting form/register and non registration of events reported to the registrar is a punishable offence.
27. Under the RBD Act, 1969, Registrars and Sub-Registrars are the public servants.
28. Registration of births and deaths made prior to implementation of the Registration of Births and Deaths Act, 1969 is deemed to have been done under the same Act.
29. On adoption of a child, the name of the adoptive parents and a new name for the child can be entered in the birth register.
30. Registration of births and deaths is in the interest of the individual and the nation.
viii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
A unified process of continuous, permanent and compulsory recording of the vital events and characteristics thereof, as provided through the legal requirements of the country, is called Civil Registration System (CRS). In India, the Registration of Births and Deaths Act, 1969, provides for the compulsory registration of births and deaths. Civil Registration records are the best source of Vital Statistics. The records resulting from Civil Registration System have two main uses. First, as a personal legal document, required by citizens as proof of facts e.g. age, identity etc and second, the data generated through a complete and up to date System of Civil Registration are essential for socio- economic planning and also to evaluate the effectiveness of various public’s related programs. They also serve as the cornerstone of public health systems. This Annual Statistical Report on Vital Statistics of India for the year 2010 has been brought out on the basis of data made available by the Chief Executive Authorities i.e. Chief Registrar of Births and Deaths of States/Union Territories. The main findings of the report have been summarized below:
VITAL INDICATORSINDICATORS: : Notwithstanding the difference in approach of data collection between CRS and Sample Registration System (SRS), a comparison of vital rates based on these two sources helps in evaluating the performance of CRS over SRS. Level of reporting helps in reviewing the registration system and defining measures that would be necessary to improve registration levels across the country. It is around 89.9% of the registration units at national level during 2010. Such reporting level by rural and urban registration units are about 89.9% and 91.8% respectively.
Birth ReRegistrationgistrationgistration::::
• The number of reported registered births has more than doubled in the year 2010 as compared to 1981 (increased to 21.4 million in 2010 from 8.6 million in 1981). • The share of registered births to total estimated births under SRS is increasing year by year which in result shows the significant improvement in birth registration. • The share of male registration is more than the female for registered births. • Share of Institutional births in total registered births has increased to 65% during 2010 as compared to 56% during 2009. 35% of the total registered births are non– institutional in the year 2010. It is based on information received from 23 States/UTs. • The level of registration of births has increased from 58.0 per cent in 2000 to 82.0 per cent in 2010. • 14 States/UTs have achieved the target of cent per cent level of registration of births during 2010. • 10 among 19 major States have crossed the level of registration of births of 90 percent. These States are Assam, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu. • After excluding 2 most populous and poor performing States namely Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, the level of registration of births comes out to be 91.6%. • The level of registration of births for other States/UTs is higher than that of Southern as well as EAG States& Assam persistently over the period of 2001-2010. • The birth rate worked out to 18.1 per thousand populations during 2010 as compared to 22.1 from SRS birth rates. • The gap between the birth rates based on CRS and SRS is narrowing down over the year which is a good indication of improvement in the functioning of CRS.
xii
• Birth Rate reported under CRS in some of the better performing States namely Assam, Gujarat, Kerala, Maharashtra and Punjab is on higher side than that of SRS birth rate. This difference may be due to the fact that SRS estimates are based on usual residence while events registered at the place of occurrence irrespective of the place of residence under CRS. • The Sex Ratio at Birth for the year 2010 comes out to be 857. • Highest Sex Ratio has been reported by Assam (1244) followed by Karnataka (1025) during 2010. • Lowest Sex Ratio has been reported by Bihar (323) followed by Manipur (770). This is due to poor netting of events especially female in Bihar.
Death RegistrationRegistration::::
• The number of registered deaths has also more than doubled in the year 2010 as compared to 1981 (5.7 million in 2010 from 2.7 million in 1981). There is slight improvement in total number of registered deaths during 2010 as compared to 2009. • The share of registered deaths to total estimated deaths under SRS is increasing year by year with fluctuating trend. • Male shale in total registered deaths is more than the female. • Share of Institutional deaths in total registered deaths has increased to 43% during 2010 as compared to 40% during 2009 and 22% of deceased did not receive any medical attention at the time of death. This information is based on information received from 21 States/UTs. • The level of registration of deaths has increased from 52.2 per cent in 2001 to 66.9 per cent in 2010. • 6 States/UTs have achieved the target of cent per cent level of registration of deaths during 2010. • 5 among 19 major States have crossed the level of registration of deaths of 90 percent. These States are Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Punjab and Tamil Nadu. During 2009, only 3 major States were in this category. • During 2010, there are only 7 States who have achieved the target of 90% in case of both birth and death registration. • After excluding 2 most populous and poor performing States namely Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, the level of registration of deaths comes out to be 76.8%. • The death rate worked out to 4.8 per thousand populations during 2010 as compared to 7.2 from SRS death rates. • More infant deaths have been registered in urban area than the rural area. • A substantial gap can be seen in the level of registration of births and deaths between three groups, i) Empowered Action Group (EAG) & Assam, ii) Southern States and iii) Other States/UTs over the period 2001-2010. • Notwithstanding the difference in approach of data collection between CRS and Sample Registration System (SRS), a comparison of vital rates based on these two sources helps in evaluating the performance of CRS over SRS. Crude birth & death rates based on registered events for most of the better performing states are in close proximity to that from SRS. • There is a significant gap in the IMR based on CRS with that of from SRS in almost all States/UTs. The netting of infant deaths under the CRS continues to be a major concern.
xiii
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
Birth : Live birth or still birth.
Live birth : Complete expulsion or extraction from its mother of a product of conception, irrespective of the duration of pregnancy, which, after such expulsion or extraction, breathes or shows any other evidence of life, and each product of such birth is considered live-born.
Still Birth : Foetal death where a product of conception has attained at least the prescribed period of gestation.