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Daily Prelims Notes May, 2020 Santosh Sir All 6 Prelims Qualified If I Can Do It, You Can Too Asksantoshsir@Gmail.Com Daily Prelims Notes May, 2020 Santosh Sir All 6 Prelims qualified If I can do it, you can too [email protected], https://t.me/asksantoshsir 1 | P a g e Table of Contents History........................................................................................................................................................... 3 Answer .................................................................................................................................................... 30 Geography .................................................................................................................................................. 31 Answer .................................................................................................................................................. 47 Indian Polity ................................................................................................................................................ 48 Answer .................................................................................................................................................. 70 Economics ................................................................................................................................................... 71 Answer ................................................................................................................................................ 148 General Science ........................................................................................................................................ 149 Answer ................................................................................................................................................ 199 Environment ............................................................................................................................................. 200 Answer ................................................................................................................................................ 231 Current Affairs .......................................................................................................................................... 232 Government Scheme ................................................................................................................................ 248 Answer ................................................................................................................................................ 255 International Relations ............................................................................................................................ 256 Answer ................................................................................................................................................ 279 2 | P a g e History 1. May Day Context: May Day is a celebration of labour and labourers, the creators of the wealth of nations. It is a day to demonstrate the strength of the working people, the alliance of workers and peasants, unity of the trade unions and labour movements and to express solidarity, nationally and internationally Concept: May Day has a glorious history. For the first time in May 1886, the Chicago Haymarket Square witnessed a heroic struggle of the working people who demanded an eight-hour working day. It was to convey the message that working people would fight for their rights. In this heroic struggle, several workers were martyred. The Haymarket struggle inspired the working masses of the world. The Second International of the workers of the world in which Friedrich Engels, the companion and comrade of Karl Marx, played a leading role declared in 1889 that May Day would be observed as an international day for working people. Second international To unite the socialist parties in various countries into an international organization, a Congress was held in Paris in 1889, the centenary of French Revolution of 1789 which resulted in the formation of the Second International. The period after the formation of the Second International saw a steady increase in the strength of the socialist parties and of trade unions. The Second International also condemned colonialism & committed the socialist parties to oppose robbery &subjugation of colonial peoples. It emphasized on asserting the principle of the basic equality of all peoples and their right to freedom and national independence. Workers movement in India 3 | P a g e It is a matter of pride that May Day was first observed in India way back in 1923 in Chennai. Trade union movements started emerging during British and French rule in India. The jute workers of Calcutta were organised under a trade union in 1854. The Madras Press Workers Union was formed in 1903 and Coral Mill workers union in 1908. Though the AITUC was founded in 1920 and celebrating its centenary this year, the B&C Mill workers in Chennai organised a trade union and got it registered on April 3, 1918. This was the first registered trade union in India. During the days when the people of India were fighting for independence from colonial rule, the trade unions stood at the frontline of the national movement. Their struggles got intertwined with political struggles. 2. AITUC Context: AITUC is working for welfare of laborers in its centenary year Concept: The All India Trade Union Congress was founded on October 31, 1920. The Indian National Congress president for the year, Lala Lajpat Rai, was elected as the first president of AITUC and Dewan Chaman Lal as the first general secretary. Lajpat Rai was the first to link capitalism with imperialism— “imperialism and militarism are the twin children of capitalism”. The prominent Congress and swarajist leader C.R. Das presided over the third and the fourth sessions of the AITUC. The Gaya session of the Congress (1922) welcomed the formation of the AITUC and a committee was formed to assist it. C.R. Das advocated that the Congress should take up the workers’ and peasants’ cause and incorporate them in the struggle for swaraj or else they would get isolated from the movement. Other leaders who kept close contacts with the AITUC included Nehru, Subhas Bose, C.F. Andrews, J.M. Sengupta, Satyamurthy, V.V. Giri and Sarojini Naidu. 4 | P a g e In the beginning, the AITUC was influenced by social democratic ideas of the British Labour Party. The Gandhian philosophy of non-violence, trusteeship and class collaboration had great influence on the movement. AITUC in its second session in 1921 in Jharia had adopted a resolution of Swaraj (Complete independence from British rule), almost eight years before the platform of freedom struggle- the Indian National Congress adopted such resolution in 1929. In the aftermath of second World War the AITUC played significant role in the foundation of World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU), in the conference held in London with 204 delegates and observers representing 670 million workers from all parts of the world. AITUC was represented by S.A. Dange, R.A. Khedgikar and Sudhindra Pramanik. This conference adopted workers charter. 1. Which of the following parties were established by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar? 1. The Peasants and Workers Party of India 2. All India Scheduled Castes Federation 3. The Independent Labour Party Select the correct answer using the codes given below: A. 1 and 2 only B. 2 and 3 only C. 1 and 3 only D. 1, 2 and 3 2. Who among the following were the founders of the “Hind Mazdoor Sabha” established in 1948? A. B. Krishna Pillai, E.M.S. Namboodiripad and K.C. George B. Jayaprakash Narayan, DeenDayal Upadhyay and M.N. Roy C. C.P. Ramaswamy Iyer, K. Kamaraj and Veeresalingam Pantulu D. Ashok Mehta, G G Mehta , T S Ramanujam 3. With reference to the Indian Factory Act, 1881, consider the following statements: 1. It has special provisions for regulation of child labour. 2. Nationalist newspapers opposed factories Act, 1881. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? A. 1 only 5 | P a g e B. 2 only C. Both 1 and 2 D. Neither 1 nor 2 4. Who was the first Indian to be member of Communist International? A. M N Roy B. S S Dange C. Lala Lajpat Rai D. Muzzafar Ahmad 6 | P a g e Todas Context: Toda embroidered masks help in the fight against COVID-19 Concept: The Toda are tribal pastoral people who live in the Nilgiri Hills of Tamil Nadu The Toda have developed a cult that revolves around sacred cows and dairies. They believe that God resides within their herds of buffalo which also provide them milk and butter. The so called “sacred cows” (in this case buffalo) have traditionally been more than simply objects of worship. Toda tribals are actively involved in the embroidery business and produce a wide range of products like shawl, table mat, wall hangings, bags and shopping bags. Registrar of Geographical Indication gave GI status for this unique embroidery, a practice which has been passed on to generations. The ancient tribal art mainly use nature as models like flowers, animals, plants or building patterns as motifs. 7 | P a g e 3. Bengal School of Art Context: National Gallery of Modern Art pays tribute to the pioneering artist Jamini Roy on his 133rd Birth Anniversary year through virtual tour. Concept: The Bengal School, founded by Abanindranath Tagore and Kala Bhavana in Santiniketan under Nandalal Bose rejected European naturalism and the use of oil as a medium and were exploring new ways of representation. Jamini Roy, too, consciously rejected the style he had mastered
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