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Vol. 6A Community Survey Report: Burhi-Gandak – Final December 2015

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Vol. 6A Community Survey Report: Burhi-Gandak – Final December 2015 Government of India DFID Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation Asian National Water Mission Development Bank Central Water Commission Policy and Advisory Technical Assistance 8089 IND Phase II Operational Research to Support Mainstreaming of Integrated Flood Management under Climate Change Volume 6a Community Survey Report: Burhi-Gandak Final December 2015 Deltares in association with RMSI and JPS Operational Research to Support Mainstreaming Integrated Flood Management in India under Climate Change Vol. 6a Community Survey Report: Burhi-Gandak – Final December 2015 Cover photo: Panchayat constructed bridge across Gandak River in Sonpur and community consultation in Odisha and Bihar ii Operational Research to Support Mainstreaming Integrated Flood Management in India under Climate Change Vol. 6a Community Survey Report: Burhi-Gandak – Final December 2015 CONTENTS Abbreviations .................................................................................................................................. vi Units ................................................................................................................................. vii Chapter 1 Background and Organisation of the Report ...................................................................... 1 Chapter 2 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 3 2.1 Methodology adopted for identifying community flood issues and needs ................................ 3 2.1.1 Focal Group Discussions ................................................................................................... 3 2.1.2 Household survey ............................................................................................................. 4 Chapter 3 Community Profile ............................................................................................................ 5 3.1 Demographic characteristics .................................................................................................... 5 3.1.1 General description .......................................................................................................... 5 3.1.2 Population profile ............................................................................................................. 5 3.1.3 Education profile .............................................................................................................. 6 3.2 Household characteristics ........................................................................................................ 7 3.2.1 General description .......................................................................................................... 7 3.2.2 House type ....................................................................................................................... 8 3.2.3 Income and sources of income ......................................................................................... 9 3.2.4 Household assets............................................................................................................ 11 3.2.5 Location of house ........................................................................................................... 11 3.3 Access to public facilities ....................................................................................................... 13 3.3.1 Access to road ................................................................................................................ 13 3.3.2 Access to public health facilities ..................................................................................... 13 Chapter 4 Problems and Issues in the Community ........................................................................... 15 4.1 Flood hazard characteristics .................................................................................................. 15 4.1.1 Occurrence of flood ........................................................................................................ 16 4.1.2 Flood event duration and characteristics ........................................................................ 17 4.2 Environmental problems ....................................................................................................... 18 4.3 Houses and household assets damaged ................................................................................. 18 4.3.1 Household assets............................................................................................................ 18 4.3.2 Agricultural assets .......................................................................................................... 18 4.3.3 People affected .............................................................................................................. 19 4.4 Flood related health issues .................................................................................................... 19 iii Operational Research to Support Mainstreaming Integrated Flood Management in India under Climate Change Vol. 6a Community Survey Report: Burhi-Gandak – Final December 2015 4.5 Perception towards flood ...................................................................................................... 20 4.5.1 Vulnerability assessment ................................................................................................ 21 Chapter 5 Flood Management in the Community ............................................................................ 24 5.1 Evaluation of flood preparedness measures .......................................................................... 24 5.2 Status of flood preparedness in the community ..................................................................... 24 5.3 Measures recommended ....................................................................................................... 25 5.3.1 Institutional level ............................................................................................................ 25 5.3.2 Community level ............................................................................................................ 26 5.3.3 Urban measures ............................................................................................................. 26 5.4 Coping mechanism to protect livelihood ................................................................................ 27 5.5 Participation of community in flood management activities................................................... 27 5.6 Strategies of Community involvement in IFM ........................................................................ 27 Chapter 6 Conclusion and Suggestions............................................................................................. 29 Appendix A: FDG Summary Reports ............................................................................................... A-1 Appendix B: Questionnaire format English version .......................................................................A-23 List of Tables Table 4-1: Flood loss statistics, district in BG basin (1991-2012) ....................................................... 15 Table 5-1: Strategy matrix for Community involvement in IFM ........................................................ 28 List of Figures Figure 2-1 FGD and Household survey locations in Burhi-Gandak basins ............................................ 4 Figure 3-1: Taluka-level population density distribution in BG basin, Bihar......................................... 5 Figure 3-2: Population density at taluka level, BB basin, Bihar (Census 2011) ..................................... 6 Figure 3-3: Caste composition of population, BG basin as per household survey ................................ 6 Figure 3-4: Education composition of the household as per household survey ................................... 7 Figure 3-5: Education composition of the household by location as per household survey ................. 7 Figure 3-6: Population composition, BG basin as per household survey ............................................. 8 Figure 3-7: Age structure, BG basin, Odisha as per Census 2011 ........................................................ 8 Figure 3-8: Composition of house types in the BG basin as per household survey .............................. 9 Figure 3-9: Kutcha house ................................................................................................................... 9 Figure 3-10: Semi-pucca house .......................................................................................................... 9 Figure 3-11: Pucca house ................................................................................................................... 9 Figure 3-12: Income source of the community as per household survey .......................................... 10 Figure 3-13: Income and house type as per household survey ......................................................... 10 Figure 3-14: Income distribution among various social groups ......................................................... 10 Figure 3-15: Livestock and poultry compositions as per household survey ....................................... 11 iv Operational Research to Support Mainstreaming Integrated Flood Management in India under Climate Change Vol. 6a Community Survey Report: Burhi-Gandak – Final December 2015 Figure 3-16: Distribution of houses in the BG basin as
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