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Tides Foundation 2017 Form
OMB No. 1545-0047 Form 990 Return of Organization Exempt From Income Tax 2017 Under section 501(c), 527, or 4947(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code (except private foundations) G Do not enter social security numbers on this form as it may be made public. Open to Public Department of the Treasury Internal Revenue Service G Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for instructions and the latest information. Inspection A For the 2017 calendar year, or tax year beginning , 2017, and ending , B Check if applicable: C D Employer identification number Address change Tides Foundation 51-0198509 Name change P.O. Box 29903 E Telephone number Initial return San Francisco, CA 94129-0903 415-561-6400 Final return/terminated X Amended return G Gross receipts $ 439,417,675. Application pending F Name and address of principal officer: Kriss Deiglmeier H(a) Is this a group return for subordinates? Yes X No H(b) Are all subordinates included? Yes No Same As C Above If 'No,' attach a list. (see instructions) I Tax-exempt status X 501(c)(3) 501(c) ( )H (insert no.) 4947(a)(1) or 527 J Website: G www.tides.org H(c) Group exemption number G K Form of organization: X Corporation Trust Association OtherG L Year of formation: 1976 M State of legal domicile: CA Part I Summary 1 Briefly describe the organization's mission or most significant activities:Tides Foundation's primary exempt purpose is grantmaking. We empower individuals and institutions to move money efficiently and effectively towards positive social change. 2 Check this box G if the organization discontinued its operations or disposed of more than 25% of its net assets. -
Músicas Japonesas -.: Karaoke Box Kampai
CANTOR CÓD. TÍTULO 19 18483 ANO KAMI HIKOHKI KUMORIZORA WATTE Abe Shizue 18424 MIZU IRO NO TEGAMI Ai 2017 STORY Ai 18319 YOU ARE MY STAR Ai 18486 BELIEVE Ai Johji e Shiki Chinami 5103 AKAI GLASS Aikawa Nanase 5678 BYE BYE Aikawa Nanase 5815 SWEET EMOTION Aikawa Nanasse 5645 YUME MIRU SHOJYOJYA IRARENAI Aiko 2031 KABUTO MUSHI Akikawa Masafumi 2015 SEN NO KAZE NI NATTE Akimoto Junko 2011 MADINSON GUN NO KOI Akimoto Junko 2022 AI NO MAMA DE... Akimoto Junko 2124 AME NO TABIBITO Akimoto Junko 18233 TASOGARE LOVE AGAIN Akioka Shuji 2296 OTOKO NO TABIJI Akioka Shuji 18432 SAKE BOJO Alan 18485 BALLAD ~NAMONAKI KOI NO UTA~ Alice 2266 IMA WA MOH DARE MO Alice 5117 FUYU NO INAZUMA Amane Kaoru 18279 TAIYOH NO UTA Ami Suzuki 5658 ALONE IN MY ROOM Amin 2223 MATSU WA Amuro Namie 5294 STOP THE MUSIC Amuro Namie 5300 TRY ME (WATASHI O SHINDITE) Amuro Namie 5340 CAN YOU CELEBRATE Amuro Namie 5341 CHASE THE CHANCE Amuro Namie 5711 I HAVE NEVER SEEN Amuro Namie 5766 NEVER END Amuro Namie 5798 SAY THE WORD Amuro Namie 5820 THINK OF ME Amuro Namie 5838 WISHING ON THE SAME STAR An Cafe 18425 NATSU KOI NATSU GAME An Ri 2379 OLIVIA O KIKINAGARA Angela Aki 2040 THIS LOVE Angela Aki 2360 TEGAMI ~ HAIKEI JUHGO NO KIMI E Angela Aki 18211 KISS ME GOODBYE Angela Aki 18224 RAIN Angela Aki 18296 KAGAYAKU HITO Angela Aki 18358 WE'RE ALL ALONE Ann Lewis 2258 GOODBYE MY LOVE Ann Louise 5494 WOMAN Anri 18229 SUMMER CANDLES Anzen Chitai 5105 ANATANI Anzen Chitai 5107 AOI HITOMI NO ERIS Anzen Chitai 5280 FRIEND Anzen Chitai 5128 KANASHIMINI SAYONARA Página 1 CANTOR CÓD. -
Lista De Músicas
VIDEOKÊ Pacote JP6 GUARULHOS 160 japonesas 11-2440-3717 LISTA DE MÚSICAS CANTOR CÓD TÍTULO ÍNICIO DA LETRA Ai 18319 YOU ARE MY STAR Furuete iru watashi no te ni hajimete Akimoto Junko 18233 TASOGARE LOVE AGAIN Tasogareta fuhkei wa sabishige na Amane Kaoru 18279 TAIYOH NO UTA Furuete iru watashi no te ni hajimete Angela Aki 18211 KISS ME GOODBYE Anata wa mayotte itemo door wa aite Angela Aki 18224 RAIN Gohin ni susundeku jikan no Angela Aki 18296 KAGAYAKU HITO Mune ni hoho o uzume naite ita ne ano hi Angela Aki 18358 WE'RE ALL ALONE Kanashimi kara jibun o mamoru Anri 18229 SUMMER CANDLES Chikasugite mienai kiseki ga aru ne Aoyama Thelma 18304 MAMORITAI MONO Yume ni miru sugata no yosa to bikei no Aoyama Thelma 18310 NANDO MO Yume ni mita yo na kimi no yokogao Aqua Timez 18299 KETSUI NO ASA NI Ore ga umareta ano mura wa umi yama Aqua Timez 18305 MAYONAKA NO ORCHESTRA Moh ichido futari de utaimasen ka Arashi 18344 ONE LOVE Tsutaetakute tsutawaranakute Asami Chiyuki 18232 TASOGARE CINEMA Juhnen buri ni orita eki omoide tazunete Asami Chiyuki 18343 OMOIDE SHASHINKAN Nemurenai yoru wa madobe ni motare Ayaka 18219 MINNA SORA NO SHITA Namida nagasanai donna ni tsurakutemo Begin 18262 KOISHIKUTE Koishikute naki dashita hibi nado moh Begin 18298 KARIYUSHI NO YORU Sakura Bashi kara Oohashi mireba kawa Boa 18359 WINTER LOVE Fuyu no yohsei tachi ga kagayaki mai Chan Unsuku 18292 GARASU NO PIERCE Furachi na rythm de giratsuku mune wa Chan Unsuku 18307 MEGURIAI Anata no tame ni mamori tooshita onna Chan Unsuku 18357 UNMEI NO SHUJINKOH Jibun de eranda -
Its Worst Christmas in Years 5 Holiday Sales Strategie
JIMMY IVINE ON U2, YOUTUBE AND WHEN TO EXPECT DRE DAY >P.16 BRANDY'S BIG COMEBACK >P.37 DR PEPPER'S GUNS N' ROSES PROMOTION GOES FLAT >P.6 COMMON'S `MIND' GAMES >P.38 WHAT THE MUSIC BIZ CAN LEARN FROM OBAMA >P.8 EXPERIENCE THE BUZZ BLACKEST FR Why Physical Retail Expects Its Worst Christmas In Years DECEMBER 6, 2008 www.billboard.com PLUS. www.billboard.biz US $6.99 CAN $8.99 UK £5.50 Fore SCII 3 -DIGIT 907 The Season's Digital i EENCTCC 000/004 120193NBB /CB /9AMAR10 001 A04 Look Next Year's Hit II1I11II111I11I1II111_111_111_1111111111111111111111 A At 0012 MONTY GRBBNLY i A 3740 ELM AVE 000880 5 Holiday Sales Strategie LONG BEACH CA 90807 -3402 www.americanradiohistory.com LOEB& LOEB LLP PPESENTS B J music& money S Y M P O S I U M March 5, 2009 St. Regis, New York City CONNECT WITH THE DEALMAKERS DRIVING THE MUSIC BUSINESS Now in its 8th year, this one -day event brings TOPICS INCLUDE: together the best minds from the music, legal, Investing in Online Music Start -Ups financial and Wall Street communities for an in -depth Working with Consumer Brands examination of the financial realities with which the Trends in Venture Capital and Private Equity music industry is contending. Mobile Music Applications Music Publishing M &A Join Billboard and today's most important entertainment Behind the Scenes: Case Studies executives for compelling keynote interviews, informative panel sessions, networking receptions and more. CONFIRMED SPEAKERS: Roger Faxon, Chairman /CEO, EMI Music Publishing Scott Sperling, Co- President, Thomas H. -
18483 19 18486 Ai 2017 Ai 18319 Ai 2031 Aiko 18580 Alan 18485
ALDEBARAN KARAOKE Catálogo de Músicas - Por ordem de INTÉRPRETE Código INTÉRPRETE MÚSICA 18483 19 ANO KAMI HIKOHKI KUMORIZORA WATTE 18424 ABE SHIZUE MIZU IRO NO TEGAMI 18486 AI BELIEVE 2017 AI STORY 18319 AI YOU ARE MY STAR 5103 AI JOHJI & SHIKI CHINAMI AKAI GLASS 5678 AIKAWA NANASE BYE BYE 5815 AIKAWA NANASE SWEET EMOTION 5645 AIKAWA NANASE YUME MIRU SHOJYOJYA IRARENAI 2031 AIKO KABUTO MUSHI 2015 AKIKAWA MASAFUMI SEN NO KAZE NI NATTE 2022 AKIMOTO JUNKO AI NO MAMA DE 2124 AKIMOTO JUNKO AME NO TABIBITO 2011 AKIMOTO JUNKO MADINSON GUN NO KOI 18233 AKIMOTO JUNKO TASOGARE LOVE AGAIN 18562 AKIOKA SHUJI AIBOH ZAKE 2296 AKIOKA SHUJI OTOKO NO TABIJI 18432 AKIOKA SHUJI SAKE BOJO 18580 ALAN KUON NO KAWA 18485 ALAN NAMONAKI KOI NO UTA 5117 ALICE FUYU NO INAZUMA 2266 ALICE IMA WA MOH DARE MO 18279 AMANE KAORU TAIYOH NO UTA 5658 AMI SUZUKI ALONE IN MY ROOM 2223 AMIN MATSU WA 5340 AMURO NAMIE CAN YOU CELEBRATE 5341 AMURO NAMIE CHASE THE CHANCE 18536 AMURO NAMIE FIGHT TOGETHER 5711 AMURO NAMIE I HAVE NEVER SEEN 5766 AMURO NAMIE NEVER END 5798 AMURO NAMIE SAY THE WORD 5294 AMURO NAMIE STOP THE MUSIC 5820 AMURO NAMIE THINK OF ME 5300 AMURO NAMIE TRY ME (WATASHI O SHINJITE) 5838 AMURO NAMIE WISHING ON THE SAME STAR 18425 AN CAFÉ NATSU KOI NATSU GAME 18574 ANGELA AKI HOME 18296 ANGELA AKI KAGAYAKU HITO 18211 ANGELA AKI KISS ME GOODBYE 18224 ANGELA AKI RAIN 18552 ANGELA AKI SAKURA IRO 2360 ANGELA AKI TEGAMI ~ HAIKEI JUHGO NO KIMI E 2040 ANGELA AKI THIS LOVE 18358 ANGELA AKI WE'RE ALL ALONE 2258 ANN LEWIS GOODBYE MY LOVE 5494 ANN LOUISE WOMAN 2379 ANRI OLIVIA -
LISTA DE MÚSICAS 11.523 Músicas Ordem: Título Da Música
LISTA DE MÚSICAS 11.523 Músicas www.videoland.com.br Ordem: Título da Música Pacote 11523 Cód Cantor Título Início de Letra Pacote 15966 Maiara e Maraísa 0,1 Tô escorada na mesa 6 2821 Mamonas Assassinas 1406 Eu queria um apartamento no Guarujá INT01 19991 Smashing Pumpkins 1979 Shakedown nineteen seventy nine INT10 4908 Rolling Stones (I CAN'T GET NO) SATISFACTION I can't get no satisfaction INF 4910 James Brown (I GOT YOU) I FEEL GOOD Whoa! 2 9121 Celine Dion (IF THERE WAS) ANY OTHER WAY Sorry I know I'm late… 10 19761 John Lennon (JUST LIKE) STARTING OVER Our life together is so precious together 4 19681 B-52's (The) (MEET) THE FLINTSTONES Flintstones meet the Flintstones 11 19721 Elvis Presley (YOU'RE THE) DEVIL IN DISGUISE You look like an angel you look like an 5 16081 Sorriso Maroto 1 METRO E 65 AlôHoje criançada acordei e o me Bozo lembrei chegou do trazendoque sonhei 13 15201 Bozo 1, 2, 3...VAMOS LÁ alegria JAP7 1481 Ana Carolina 10 MINUTOS Por que você não atende as minhas INT01 15981 Victor e Léo - Henrique e Juliano 10 MINUTOS LONGE DE VOCÊ Dizem que os olhos são como o espelho INT04 16984 Sorriso Maroto - Belo 100 LIKES Uma foto arrumada e legendada INT01 15281 Thaeme e Thiago - Lucas Lucco 100% LOUCO Dez por cento de Red Bull dez por cento 24 15441 Lucas Lucco 11 VIDAS Me pareço tanto com você INT10 16171 Simone e Simaria 126 CABIDES CaroContando é transformar-se são cento e vintenum arremendoe seis cabides de si 25 15202 Agridoce (Pitty) 130 ANOS Quandopróprio me sinto assim volto a ter quinze 21 16701 IRA! 15 ANOS anos -
Anime/Games/J-Pop/J-Rock/Vocaloid
Anime/Games/J-Pop/J-Rock/Vocaloid Deutsch Alice Im Wunderland Opening Anne mit den roten Haaren Opening Attack On Titans So Ist Es Immer Beyblade Opening Biene Maja Opening Catpain Harlock Opening Card Captor Sakura Ending Chibi Maruko-Chan Opening Cutie Honey Opening Detektiv Conan OP 7 - Die Zeit steht still Detektiv Conan OP 8 - Ich Kann Nichts Dagegen Tun Detektiv Conan Opening 1 - 100 Jahre Geh'n Vorbei Detektiv Conan Opening 2 - Laufe Durch Die Zeit Detektiv Conan Opening 3 - Mit Aller Kraft Detektiv Conan Opening 4 - Mein Geheimnis Detektiv Conan Opening 5 - Die Liebe Kann Nicht Warten Die Tollen Fussball-Stars (Tsubasa) Opening Digimon Adventure Opening - Leb' Deinen Traum Digimon Adventure Opening - Leb' Deinen Traum (Instrumental) Digimon Adventure Wir Werden Siegen (Instrumental) Digimon Adventure 02 Opening - Ich Werde Da Sein Digimon Adventure 02 Opening - Ich Werde Da Sein (Insttrumental) Digimon Frontier Die Hyper Spirit Digitation (Instrumental) Digimon Frontier Opening - Wenn das Feuer In Dir Brennt Digimon Frontier Opening - Wenn das Feuer In Dir Brennt (Instrumental) (Lange Version) Digimon Frontier Wenn Du Willst (Instrumental) Digimon Tamers Eine Vision (Instrumental) Digimon Tamers Ending - Neuer Morgen Digimon Tamers Neuer Morgen (Instrumental) Digimon Tamers Opening - Der Grösste Träumer Digimon Tamers Opening - Der Grösste Träumer (Instrumental) Digimon Tamers Regenbogen Digimon Tamers Regenbogen (Instrumental) Digimon Tamers Sei Frei (Instrumental) Digimon Tamers Spiel Dein Spiel (Instrumental) DoReMi Ending Doremi -
Músicas Japonesas Por Ordem De Cantor
MÚSICAS JAPONESAS POR ORDEM DE CANTOR - JANEIRO 2016 Código Título Intérprete Início de Letra 18483 ANO KAMI HIKOHKI KUMORIZORA WATTE 19 Genki desu ka kimi wa ima mo 2017 STORY A.I. Kagirareta toki no naka de 18424 MIZU IRO NO TEGAMI Abe Shizue Ogenki desu ka soshite ima demo aishite 18486 BELIEVE Ai Dokoka tohku de koe ga kikoeru 18319 YOU ARE MY STAR Ai Furuete iru watashi no te ni hajimete 5103 AKAI GLASS Ai Johji & Shiki Chinami Kutibiru yossereba naze ka 5678 BYE BYE Aikawa Nanase Naze nante iwanai de iwanai... 5815 SWEET EMOTION Aikawa Nanase Hadashi de odorou volume agete... 5645 YUME MIRU SHOJYO JYA IRARENAI Aikawa Nanase Goossen reijino… 2031 KABUTO MUSHI Aiko Nayanderu karada ga atsukute 2015 SEN NO KAZE NI NATTE Akikawa Masafumi Watashi no ohaka no mae de 2022 AI NO MAMA DE... Akimoto Junko Kotori tachi wa nani o sawagu no 2124 AME NO TABIBITO Akimoto Junko Soshite mata kisetsu wa utsuri yuku 2011 MADINSON GUN NO KOI Akimoto Junko Kareha ga aoba ni yomigaeru 18233 TASOGARE LOVE AGAIN Akimoto Junko Tasogareta fuhkei wa sabishige na 2296 OTOKO NO TABIJI Akioka Shuji Hito no isshoh ichido kiri 18432 SAKE BOJO Akioka Shuji Kokoro ni kesenai hito ga iru sake de 18485 BALLAD ~NAMONAKI KOI NO UTA~ Alan Kizu tsuita tsubasa de kimi wa yuku 5117 FUYU NO INAZUMA Alice Anata wa inazuma no youni 2266 IMA WA MOH DARE MO Alice Ima wa moh dare mo aishitakunai no 18279 TAIYOH NO UTA Amane Kaoru Furuete iru watashi no te ni hajimete 5658 ALONE IN MY ROOM Ami Suzuki Tanoshii kamo ne sou iu hitori.. -
Musicas Do Serial Z0E7D2CS
VIDEOKÊ GUARULHOS 9.899 CANÇÕES FONE: 11-2440-3717 LISTA DE MÚSICAS CANTOR CÓDIGO MÚSICA INICIO DA LETRA IDIOMA 10000 Maniacs 19807 MORE THAN THIS I could feel at the time BRA 10cc 4920 I'M NOT IN LOVE I'm not in love so don't forget it EUA 14 Bis 3755 LINDA JUVENTUDE Zabelê, zumbi, besouro vespa fabricando BRA 14 Bis 7392 NATURAL Penso em você no seu jeito de BRA 14 Bis 6074 PLANETA SONHO Aqui ninguém mais ficará de... BRA 14 Bis 7693 ROMANCE Flores simples enfeitando a mesa do café BRA 14 Bis 6197 TODO AZUL DO MAR Foi assim como ver o mar a ... BRA 14 Bis 9556 UMA VELHA CANÇÃO ROCK'N'ROLL Olhe oh oh oh venha solte seu corpo no mundo BRA 19 18483 ANO KAMI HIKOHKI KUMORIZORA WATTE Genki desu ka kimi wa ima mo JAP 365 6549 SÃO PAULO Tem dias que eu digo não invento no meu BRA 3 Doors Down 9033 HERE WITHOUT YOU A hundred days had made me older EUA 4 Non Blondes 2578 SPACEMAN Starry night bring me down EUA 4 Non Blondes 9072 WHAT'S UP Twenty-five years and my life is still EUA 5 a Seco - Maria Gadú 15225 EM PAZ Caiu do céu se revelou anjo da noite e das manhãs BRA 5 Seconds Of Summer 19852 SHE LOOKS SO PERFECT He-ey e-hey... Simmer down simmer down EUA 5th Dimension (The) 9092 AQUARIUS When the moon is in the seventh house and EUA A Banda Mais Bonita da Cidade 15450 CANÇÃO PRA NÃO VOLTAR Não volte pra casa meu amor que aqui é BRA A Banda Mais Bonita da Cidade 2748 ORAÇÃO Meu amor essa é a última oração BRA Abba 4877 CHIQUITITA Chiquitita tell me what's wrong you're EUA Abba 4574 DANCING QUEEN Yeh! you can dance you can jive EUA Abba 19333 FERNANDO Can you hear the drums Fernando EUA Abba 9116 I HAVE A DREAM I have a dream a song to sing EUA Abba 19768 KNOWING ME KNOWING YOU No more carefree laughter EUA Abba 2533 MAMMA MIA I've been cheated by you since I don't EUA Abba 4787 THE WINNER TAKES IT ALL I don't wanna talk EUA Abelhudos 1804 AS CRIANÇAS E OS ANIMAIS Ê ô ê ô...P de pato G de .. -
Fairy Inc. Sheet Music Products List Last Updated [2013/03/018] Price (Japanese Yen) a \525 B \788 C \683
Fairy inc. Sheet Music Products list Last updated [2013/03/018] Price (Japanese Yen) A \525 B \788 C \683 ST : Standard Version , OD : On Demand Version , OD-PS : Piano solo , OD-PV : Piano & Vocal , OD-GS : Guitar solo , OD-GV : Guitar & Vocal A Band Score Piano Guitar Title Artist Tie-up ST OD ST OD-PS OD-PV ST OD-GS OD-GV A I SHI TE RU no Sign~Watashitachi no Shochiku Distributed film "Mirai Yosouzu ~A I DREAMS COME TRUE A A A Mirai Yosouzu~ SHI TE RU no Sign~" Theme song OLIVIA a little pain - B A A A A inspi'REIRA(TRAPNEST) A Song For James ELLEGARDEN From the album "BRING YOUR BOARD!!" B a walk in the park Amuro Namie - A a Wish to the Moon Joe Hisaishi - A A~Yokatta Hana*Hana - A A Aa Superfly 13th Single A A A Aa Hatsu Koi 3B LAB.☆ - B Aa, Seishun no Hibi Yuzu - B Abakareta Sekai thee michelle gun elephant - B Abayo Courreges tact, BABY... Kishidan - B abnormalize Rin Toshite Shigure Anime"PSYCHO-PASS" Opening theme B B Acro no Oka Dir en grey - B Acropolis ELLEGARDEN From the album "ELEVEN FIRE CRACKERS" B Addicted ELLEGARDEN From the album "Pepperoni Quattro" B ASIAN KUNG-FU After Dark - B GENERATION again YUI Anime "Fullmetal Alchemist" Opening theme A B A A A A A A Again 2 Yuzu - B again×again miwa From 2nd album "guitarium" B B Ageha Cho PornoGraffitti - B Ai desita. Kan Jani Eight TBS Thursday drama 9 "Papadoru!" Theme song B B A A A Ai ga Yobu Hou e PornoGraffitti - B A A Ai Nanda V6 - A Ai no Ai no Hoshi the brilliant green - B Ai no Bakudan B'z - B Ai no Kisetsu Angela Aki NHK TV novel series "Tsubasa" Theme song A A -
ANIME OP/ED (TV-Versiot)
ANIME OP/ED (TV-versiot) .dot-Hack See-Saw - Yasashii Yoake hack//Roots Ali Project - Boukoku Kakusei Catharsis Air Lia - Tori no Uta Angel Beats Aoi Tada - Brave Song Lisa - My Soul Your Beats Angelic Layer Atsuko Enomoto - Be my Angel Akatsuki no Yona Shikata Akiko - Akatsuki Cyntia - Akatsuki no hana Allison & Lillia Kuricorder Quartet & Shione Yukawa - Tameiki no Hashi Anohana Galileo Galilei - Circle Game Ai Kayano - Secret Base ~Kimi ga Kureta Mono~ (10 Years After) Another Ali Project - Kyoumu Densen Amnesia Nagi Yanagi - Zoetrope Ao Haru Ride CHiCO with HoneyWorks - Sekai wa Koi ni Ochiteiru Ao No Exorcist UVERworld - Core Pride ROOKiEZ is PUNK'D - In my World Meisa Kuroki - Wired life 2PM - Take off Arakawa Under the Bridge Suneohair - Sakasama Bridge Arakawa Under the Bridge 2 Suneohair - Akai Coat Arata Kangatari Sphere - Genesis Aria Ars Nova Trident - Blue Fields Trident - Innocent Blue Arslan Senki Eir Aoi - Lapis Lazuli Uverworld - Boku no kotoba dewa nai, Kore wa bokutachi no kotoba Astarotte no Omocha! Aimi - Tenshi no Clover Azumanga Daioh Oranges & Lemons - Rasberry Heaven Oranges & Lemons - Soramimi Cake Aquarion AKINO - Sousei no Aquarion (TV) B-Gata H Kei Yukari Tamura - Oshiete A to Z Baka to Test to Shoukanjuu Milktub - Baka Go Home Natsuko Asou - Perfect Area Complete Bakemonogatari Kana Hanazawa - Renai Circulation Supercell - Kimi No Shiranai Monogatari Yui Horie - Sugar Sweet Nightmare Bakumatsu Rock vistlip - Jack Basilisk Kouga Ninpou Chou Omnyouza - Kouga nonpou chou Barakamon SUPER BEAVER - Rashisa Beelzebub -
Atoms for Peace and the Origins of Nuclear Power in Japan, 1952-1958
Nuclear Society: Atoms for Peace and the Origins of Nuclear Power in Japan, 1952-1958 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Craig D. Nelson Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2014 Dissertation Committee: James R. Bartholomew, Adviser Philip C. Brown Christopher A. Reed Copyright by Craig D. Nelson 2014 Abstract This project seeks to explain why Japan developed nuclear power despite its negative experiences with nuclear weapons and fallout. It focuses on the period from the end of the American Occupation in 1952, when the Japanese regained full sovereignty, until the signing of the agreement to import a commercial British nuclear reactor in 1958. The Japanese experience with atomic bombs and radioactive fallout made Japan a seemingly unlikely candidate to develop nuclear power. These fears were renewed following the Lucky Dragon Incident when an American hydrogen bomb test showered a Japanese fishing vessel with radioactive fallout and contaminated deep water tuna throughout the Pacific. Japan, however, had ample reasons to embrace nuclear power as it: provided a potential solutions to Japan’s energy crisis, while offering Japan a way to secure its place in the international community and a means of defining itself as a nation dedicated to scientific, technological, and economic development. Pro-nuclear advocates identified nuclear power as a key to the advancement of Japan, partaking in what Hiromi Mizuno termed “scientific nationalism.” Although Japanese policy makers were interested in the adopting nuclear power before the US offered to extend aid to Japan, the process of doing so was influenced by the American approach to the Cold War and was heavily informed by American efforts to maintain the support of both the government and the general public.