Land Adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road Little Harrowden Northamptonshire

Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road Little Harrowden Northamptonshire

Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample Investigation

for Seagraves Development Ltd

CA Project: MK0060 CA Report: MK0060_2

June 2019

Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road Little Harrowden Northamptonshire

Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample Investigation

CA Project: MK0060 CA Report: MK0060_2

Document Control Grid Revision Date Author Checked by Status Reasons for Approved revision by A 28/05/2019 AW SRJ Internal Quality Assurance SRJ review B 12/06/2019 LM Issue County SRJ Archaeologist Review

This report is confidential to the client. Cotswold Archaeology accepts no responsibility or liability to any third party to whom this report, or any part of it, is made known. Any such party relies upon this report entirely at their own risk. No part of this report may be reproduced by any means without permission.

CONTENTS

SUMMARY ...... 3

1. INTRODUCTION ...... 4

2. ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND ...... 7

3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES ...... 10

4. METHODOLOGY ...... 12

5. RESULTS (FIGS 3–5) ...... 15

6. THE FINDS ...... 19

7. THE BIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE ...... 19

8. DISCUSSION ...... 21

9. CA PROJECT TEAM ...... 22

10. STORAGE AND CURATION ...... 22

11. REFERENCES ...... 23

APPENDIX A: CONTEXT DESCRIPTIONS ...... 24 APPENDIX B: FINDS ...... 25 APPENDIX C: ANIMAL BONE ...... 26 APPENDIX D: THE PALAEOENVIRONMENTAL EVIDENCE ...... 27 APPENDIX E: OASIS REPORT FORM...... 28

1 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Fig. 1 Site location plan (1:25,000) Fig. 2 Site (photograph) Fig. 3 The site, showing the excavation area (1:250) Fig. 4 Ditches 1002 and 1004: photographs and sections (1:20) Fig. 5 Ditches 1006 and 1008: photographs and sections (1:20)

PLATES Plate 1 The site, showing the excavation area and evaluation trenches (1:250) Plate 2 Plano-convex knife (dorsal surface), recovered from ditch 303 (cm scale) Plate 3 Site, looking south Plate 4 Excavation area, looking south Plate 5 Stratigraphy

2 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

SUMMARY

Project Name: Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road Location: Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire NGR: 486802 271130 Type: Strip map and sample Date: 24-26 April 2019 Location of Archive: To be retained at CA offices until a suitable depository is available Site Code: HARD 19

An archaeological excavation was undertaken by Cotswold Archaeology in April 2019, on land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire. The excavation area was located in the south-eastern part of the development, targeting a north-west/south- east orientated ditch identified during previous evaluation of the site.

Archaeological interest in the site is derived from its location within an area of extensive cropmarks identified through aerial photography. The Northamptonshire Historic Environment Record records numerous prehistoric, Roman, medieval and modern sites within the immediate vicinity of the site. A previous evaluation of the site, carried out by Cotswold Archaeology (2018), identified two broadly north/south orientated ditches. Worked flint and several pieces of animal bone were recovered from the fill of the southernmost ditch.

The excavation, which covered an area of approximately 0.03ha, identified a single ditch containing pottery of post-medieval date. The ditch fits within a landscape of long straight post-medieval field boundaries imposed upon an earlier medieval field system. It corresponds with the general alignment of these surrounding field systems as depicted on historic and current Ordnance Survey mapping, which predominantly relate to Parliamentary Enclosure. As such it is considered likely that the ditch formed a part of this post-medieval to modern field system.

No feature corresponding with the ditch recorded during the previous evaluation were identified during the excavation.

3 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 In April 2019, Cotswold Archaeology (CA) carried out an archaeological strip, map and sample excavation of land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire (centred at NGR: 486802 271130; Fig. 1). The investigation was commissioned by Seagrave Developments.

4 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

1.2 Planning permission for residential development of the site has been granted by the Borough Council of Wellingborough (BCW; the local planning authority) conditional on a programme of archaeological works.

1.3 The scope of the archaeological work, which comprised a strip, map and sample excavation of a 0.3ha area of land, was defined during discussions between Seagrave Developments Ltd and Liz Mordue, Northamptonshire County Council’s Assistant Archaeological Advisor (NCCAAA; the archaeological advisor to BCW). These discussions were informed by an archaeological evaluation carried out by Cotswold Archaeology (2018).

1.4 The excavation was undertaken in accordance with a detailed Written Scheme of Investigation (WSI) produced by CA (2019) and approved by Liz Mordue. The fieldwork also followed Standard and Guidance: Archaeological Excavation (CIfA 2014); the Management of Research Projects in the Historic Environment (MORPHE): Project Manager’s Guide and accompanying PPN3: Archaeological Excavation (Historic England 2015). It was monitored by Liz Mordue, including a site visit on 24th April 2019.

The site 1.5 The development site is approximately 0.9ha in area, situated to the immediate south-west of the village of Little Harrowden and approximately 2km north-west of Wellingborough. The excavation area is situated in the south-eastern corner of the development site, which comprises parts of two fields, the northernmost of which is currently under pasture, with the southernmost utilised for arable farming (Fig. 2). The site is bounded to the north-west by properties and associated rear gardens fronting on to Hardwick Road, to the east and south by farmland, currently utilised as pasture and arable respectively and to the west by Hardwick Road, with fields beyond. The site lies at approximately 90m above Ordnance Datum (aOD) in the north, rising gently to 93m aOD in the south.

1.6 The underlying bedrock geology of the area is mapped as Northampton Sand Formation, ooidal ironstone, of the Jurassic Period. No overlying superficial deposits are recorded within the site (BGS 2019). Silty sand ironstone brash overlain by a layer of natural clay was encountered during fieldwork.

5 Site, looking south

Site, looking north

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PROJECT TITLE Land adjacent to Hardwick road, Little Harrowden, Wellingborough

FIGURE TITLE Site

DRAWN BY AW PROJECT NO. MK0060 FIGURE NO. CHECKED BY DJB DATE 13.05.19 APPROVED BY SJ SCALE@A4 NA 2 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

2. ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND

2.1 All of the Heritage Environmental Record (HER) data held by the Northamptonshire HER was requested for a 1km area, centred on the site (Event UID: ENN109131). The data was synthesised, with those historic environment records considered most pertinent to excavation discussed below, along with the findings from the previous evaluation (CA 2018). HER record numbers are included in parenthesis.

2.2 Previous archaeological investigation within the site, comprising the excavation of four evaluation trenches, was conducted by CA in 2018. The evaluation identified two broadly north/south orientated ditches, the southernmost ditch (303; Plate 1) contained a flint knife (Plate 2) normally associated with Bronze Age burial deposits; and several pieces of animal bone. The second ditch (not illustrated) remained undated.

Plate 1 The site, showing the excavation area and evaluation trenches (1:250)

7 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

Plate 2 Plano-convex knife (dorsal surface), recovered from ditch 303 (cm scale)

Prehistoric (pre-AD 43) 2.3 A ring ditch visible as a cropmark on aerial photographs is recorded approximately 200m south-west of the site (3639/0/1-MNN23384). This may represent a prehistoric round barrow of likely Neolithic to Bronze Age date.

2.4 Also within the same field, approximately 650m to south-west, two possible prehistoric roundhouses have been identified through historic aerial photographs (3821/0/018-MNN119026 & 3821/0/19-MNN119027), apparently separated by a c. 450m long section of ditch (3822/0/1-MNN119025), with further cropmarks of probable prehistoric pits located to the west of these (3821/0/16-MNN119024).

2.5 Slightly further to the west, c. 800m south-west of the site are a series of curvilinear enclosures (3821/0/1-MNN119011, 3821/0/6-MNN119016), square enclosures (3821/0/5-MNN119022, 3821/0/4-MNN119021, 3821/0/3-MNN119020) possible roundhouses (3821/0/11-MNN119012, 3821/0/12-MNN119015, 3821/0/10- MNN119013), pits (3821/0/15-MNN119019) and ditches (3821/0/2-MNN119014, 3821/0/14-MNN119018, 3821/0/13-MNN119017), all identified through aerial photography.

8 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

2.6 Further cropmarks, representing extensive prehistoric settlement, are recorded to the south-east of the site (e.g. 3635/0/33-MNN119070, 3635/0/35-MNN119068, 3635/0/32, MNN119071), to the north-east (e.g. 3630/0/6-MNN119034, 3630/0/1- MNN119031, 3630/0/3- MNN1190330 and to the north-west (3640/0/2-MNN119000, 3640/0/7-MNN119002, 3640/0/8-MNN119003).

Roman (AD 43 to 410) 2.7 A possible Romano-British building is recorded approximately 800m south-west of the site (3821/0/17-MNN27882). Field walking revealed an extensive area of building stone, including roof tiles and tufa, and a very wide range of Romano-British coarse ware pot sherds.

2.8 Further find spots of Roman pottery, predominantly grey sandy ware, are recorded approximately 1km east of the site (3753/0/0).

Medieval to modern (1066 to present) 2.9 The Domesday Book (1086) records the village of Little Harrowden as 'The other Hardegone' and was included in the lands of the Bishop of Coutances (3629). The name Little Harrowden, or Harrowden Parva, was in use by 1227.

2.10 Located approximately 150m to the east of the site a plough headland measuring in excess of 1500m in length is recorded (5136/0/10-MNN166366). Further evidence of ridge and furrow agriculture is recorded across much of the surrounding landscape (e.g. 5136/0/9 and 5136/0/7).

Undated 2.11 The Northamptonshire HER records further undated monuments and linear cropmarks (3637/0/1 - MNN119028, 3822, 3754, 3754/0/4, 3754/0/1 and 3822/0/1) located within the same field as ring ditch 3639/0/1. This includes an undated enclosure (3637/0/2 - MNN119029). Further extensive undated cropmarks are also located to the west and east of the site.

9 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

3.1 The objectives of the strip, map and sample investigation, as detailed within the WSI (CA 2019) were to provide information about the archaeological resource within the site, including its presence/absence, character, extent, date, integrity, state of preservation and quality. In accordance with the Standard and guidance for archaeological field excavation (CIfA 2014), the works were designed to be minimally intrusive and minimally destructive to archaeological remains, but sufficient to allow archaeological remains to be characterised and their significance understood. The information gathered will enable BCW, acting on the advice of NCCAAA, to identify and assess the particular significance of any heritage asset, consider the impact of the proposed development upon it, and to avoid or minimise conflict between the heritage asset’s conservation and any aspect of the development proposal, in line with the National Planning Policy Framework (MHCLG 2019).

3.2 With reference to the East Midlands Historic Environment Research Framework wiki initiative (http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/researchframeworks/eastmidlands/wiki/Iron- age), the specific aims of the work were to:

• record the evidence of the past land use within the site as evidenced from the aerial photographs and evaluation;

• recover artefactual evidence to date this past activity;

• sample and analyse environmental remains to create a better understanding of past land use and economy of the site;

• Support research and publication of landscape syntheses, through the investigation of rural settlement patterns and landscapes (5I, 5.4 – Knight et al 2012).

3.3 During the course of the fieldwork the results were assessed, to ascertain whether further reference was necessary to the regional research objectives outlined in East Midlands Heritage, An Updated Research Agenda and Strategy for the Historic Environment of the East Midlands (Knight et al 2012/

10 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/researchframeworks/eastmidlands/wiki) and The Archaeology of the East Midlands: An Archaeological Resource Assessment and Research Agenda (Cooper 2006). However, no finds, features or deposits were identified which merited revisiting the initial aims.

11 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

4. METHODOLOGY

4.1 The fieldwork followed the methodology set out within the WSI (CA 2019). The location of the excavation area was agreed with Liz Mordue (NCCAAA), informed by the results of the archaeological evaluation (CA 2018). An excavation area measuring c. 0.3ha was set out on OS National Grid (NGR) co-ordinates using Leica GPS and surveyed in accordance with CA Technical Manual 4: Survey Manual (Plate 3 and Fig. 3). The excavation area was scanned for live services by trained CA staff using CAT and Genny equipment in accordance with the CA Safe System of Work for avoiding underground services.

Plate 3 Site, looking south

4.2 Fieldwork commenced with the removal of topsoil and subsoil from the excavation area by mechanical excavator with a toothless grading bucket, under archaeological supervision.

4.3 The archaeological features thus exposed were hand-excavated to the bottom of archaeological stratigraphy. All features were planned and recorded in accordance with CA Technical Manual 1: Fieldwork Recording Manual.

12 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

4.4 Deposits were assessed for their environmental potential, and a single deposit was sampled in accordance with CA Technical Manual 2: The Taking and Processing of Environmental and Other Samples from Archaeological Sites.

4.5 All artefacts recovered from the excavation were retained in accordance with CA Technical Manual 3: Treatment of finds immediately after excavation.

13 4486800 8

6 N 8 0 0

Site boundary Excavation area Archaeological feature (excavated/unexcavated)

1008 Modern Drain D D A A Section location Buffer

AreaArea 1

1006

C C

227105071050

1004

B B 01:250 10m

Andover 01264 347630 Cirencester 01285 771022 Exeter 01392 573970 Cotswold Milton Keynes 01908 564660 Archaeology Suffolk 01449 900120 w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk e [email protected]

PROJECT TITLE Land adjacent to Hardwick road, Little Harrowden, Wellingborough

FIGURE TITLE A A 1002 Site plan

DRAWN BY AW PROJECT NO. MK0060 FIGURE NO. CHECKED BY DJB DATE 13.05.19 APPROVED BY SJ SCALE@A3 1:250 3 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

5. RESULTS (FIGS 3–5)

5.1 This section provides an overview of the excavation results; detailed summaries of the recorded contexts, finds and environmental samples (palaeoenvironmental evidence) are to be found in Appendices A, B, C and D respectively.

5.2 The excavation area was located within the south-eastern part of the development site, targeted on a broadly north/south orientated ditch (303; Plate 1) containing worked flint and several pieces of animal bone, identified during previous evaluation of the site (CA 2018). The only feature encountered during the excavation comprised a ditch containing post-medieval pottery and clay tobacco pipe (Fig. 3 and Plate 4).

Plate 4 Excavation area, looking south

Stratigraphy 5.3 A uniform stratigraphic sequence was identified across the excavation area (Plate 5). The natural geological substrate (1010), comprising mid brown orange sand and gravels with, high concentrations of ironstone, and patches of light brown yellow clay, was identified at approximately 0.5m below present ground level (bpgl). All the identified archaeological features cut the natural substrate. Overlying the fills of these features, or directly overlying the natural substrate where no archaeological

15 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

features were present, was mid brown orange sandy silt subsoil (1001). This measured on average 0.2m thick and was in turn sealed by mid grey brown sandy loam ploughsoil (1000), averaging 0.3m thick.

Plate 5 Stratigraphy

5.4 A single period of activity was identified through stratigraphic and spatial relationships, morphology, and analysis of the dating evidence recovered from the archaeological features.

• Phase 1: post-medieval to modern (1529 to present)

Phase 1, post-medieval to modern (1529 to present) 5.5 Located centrally within the excavation area, was north/south orientated ditch 1002 (Fig 4; section AA)/1004 (Fig 4; section BB)/1006 (Fig 5; section CC)/1008 (Fig 5; section DD). It was recorded for a length of 48m, emanating from the southern baulk of the excavation area, before terminating approximately 15m from the northern limit of the excavation area. A total of four sections, measuring between 1.2m and 2.07m wide and on average 0.1m deep, were excavated along its length. It was slightly irregular in plan and profile along the entirety of its length, with shallow sloping, concave sides and a flat base.

16 Section AA

WE 90.2m AOD 1003

ditch 1002

01m1:20

Ditch 1002, looking south-west (1m scale)

Section BB

E W 90.8m AOD

1005

ditch 1004

01m1:20

Andover 01264 347630 Cirencester 01285 771022 Exeter 01392 573970 Cotswold Milton Keynes 01908 564660 Archaeology Suffolk 01449 900120 w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk e [email protected]

PROJECT TITLE Land adjacent to Hardwick road, Little Harrowden, Wellingborough

FIGURE TITLE Ditches 1002 and 1004: photographs and sections

Ditch 1004, looking north-east (1m scale) DRAWN BY AW PROJECT NO. MK0060 FIGURE NO. CHECKED BY DJB DATE 13.05.19 APPROVED BY SJ SCALE@A3 1:20 4 Section CC

EW 91.2m AOD 1007

ditch 1006

01m1:20

Ditch 1006, looking south-west (1m scale)

Section DD

EW 92.3m AOD

1009

ditch 1008

01m1:20

Andover 01264 347630 Cirencester 01285 771022 Exeter 01392 573970 Cotswold Milton Keynes 01908 564660 Archaeology Suffolk 01449 900120 w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk e [email protected]

Ditch 1008, looking south (1m scale) PROJECT TITLE Land adjacent to Hardwick road, Little Harrowden, Wellingborough

FIGURE TITLE Ditches 1006 and 1008: photographs and sections

DRAWN BY AW PROJECT NO. MK0060 FIGURE NO. CHECKED BY DJB DATE 13.05.19 APPROVED BY SJ SCALE@A3 1:20 5 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

5.6 A similar stratigraphic sequence, comprising, mid orange brown silty sand, with friable charcoal inclusions, was identified within each of the excavated sections. A single sherd of pottery dating from the 17th to 20th century and a stem fragment of post-medieval clay tobacco pipe was recovered from fill 1005 of excavated section 1004. A single fragment of cow bone, which did not display any evidence of butchery, was recovered from fill 1003, within section 1002. A bulk soil sample (Sample 1) taken from fill 1009 of section 1008 recovered moderately low quantities of charred plant remains and charcoal fragments, as well as twig wood fragments.

5.7 This shallow ditch was not identified within the previous evaluation of the site (CA 2018). Similarly, the ditch identified within the previous evaluation and targeted by the excavation was not identified.

6. THE FINDS

6.1 The excavation produced one sherd (6g) of post-medieval pottery recorded from ditch fill 1005. The sherd size is small and is in poor condition; although surfaces survive intact and fractures only display signs of minor abrasion. The sherd is made in North Midlands earthenware fabric (NMEW) dating from the 17th to 20th centuries. The sherd has no distinguishing features or decoration. One stem fragment (2g) from a post-medieval clay tobacco pipe is recorded from the same context.

7. THE BIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE

Animal Bone 7.1 A single fragment of animal bone was recovered from deposit 1003, the fill of ditch 1002. The bone was fragmentary but well preserved enough to be identified as a partial cattle metapodial (Bos taurus). No evidence of butchery practice was observed.

Palaeoenvironmental Assessment 7.2 A single environmental sample (20 litres of soil) was processed from a ditch from a small open plan excavation. This was done with the intention of recovering environmental evidence of industrial or domestic activity on the site. It was also hoped that the environmental assemblage would aid towards dating the feature and

19 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

site. The sample was processed by standard flotation procedures (CA Technical Manual No.2).

7.3 Preliminary identifications of plant macrofossils are noted in Table 3, following nomenclature of Stace (1997).

Ditch 1008 7.4 Fill 1009 (Sample 1) contained no charred cereal grains and only moderately low quantities of charred plant remains which include goosefoot (Chenopodium sp.), vetch/wild pea (Vicia/Lathyrus sp.) and meadow grass/cat’s tails (Poa/Phleum sp.) seeds. Moderately low quantities of charcoal fragments greater than 2mm in size were recovered from within Sample 1 and contained some twig wood fragments. Signs of vitrification were also present on some of the charcoal fragments.

7.5 This assemblage is likely to be representative of wind-blown/dispersed material and provides no indication of the date of the feature or of the possible uses.

20 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

8. DISCUSSION

8.1 The excavation has identified a single archaeological feature within the site. Previous evaluation of the site had identified a ditch (303; Plate 1) containing two worked flints dated to the Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age, located towards the south-western end of Trench 3 (CA 2018). This ditch was not further identified during the excavation. The excavation identified a single linear ditch, containing one sherd of post-medieval pottery and a fragment of clay tobacco pipe.

Prehistoric (pre-AD 43) 8.2 Previous evaluation of the site identified a north/south orientated ditch (303) located within the south-eastern part of the site (CA 2018). The current excavation was undertaken in order to further reveal this feature.

8.3 The excavation did not identify any evidence for archaeological remains contemporary with the prehistoric activity previously identified, and it seems likely that the remains previously identified either formed part of a discrete feature which did not extend as far as the excavation area, or that the continuation of the ditch has been removed by previous agricultural practices within the site.

8.4 The excavation has identified no clear areas of prehistoric activity or settlement, and only a single flint implement was recovered from the evaluation (CA 2018). Although it seems likely that there may have been activity within the site during the prehistoric period, it may have been relatively transient in nature, leaving little or no evidence in the form of archaeological features.

Post-medieval to modern (1539 to present) 8.5 The excavation identified a single north/south orientated linear ditch of post- medieval date. A small quantity of dating evidence was recovered from this ditch, with dates ranging from the 17th to 20th centuries. The ditch fits within the general alignment of the surrounding field systems as depicted on current OS mapping. Based on morphological characteristics these field systems predominantly relate to medieval strip fields, with later, post-medieval land divisions, most likely related to Parliamentary Enclosures. The identified ditch appears to relate to this post- medieval agricultural activity and land division.

21 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

9. CA PROJECT TEAM

9.1 Fieldwork was undertaken by Andrew Whelan, assisted by Ella Appleyard. The report was written by Andrew Whelan. The finds report was written by Pete Banks, the animal bone report was written by Andy Clarke and the Palaeoenvironmental Assessment was written by Emma Aitken. The illustrations were prepared by Amy Wright. The archive has been compiled and prepared for deposition by Emily Evans. The fieldwork and post-excavation were managed for CA by Stuart Joyce.

10. STORAGE AND CURATION

10.1 The archive is currently held at CA offices in Milton Keynes whilst post-excavation work proceeds. Upon completion of the project, and with the agreement of the legal landowners, the site archive and artefactual collection will be deposited with the appropriate museum, which has agreed in principle to accept the complete archive upon completion of the project. A summary of information from this project, set out within Appendix E, will be entered onto the OASIS online database of archaeological projects in Britain.

22 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

11. REFERENCES

BGS (British Geological Survey) 2019 Geology of Britain Viewer http://mapapps.bgs.ac.uk/geologyofbritain/home.html Accessed 16 April 2019

CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2012 The taking and processing of environmental and other samples from archaeological sites: Technical Manual No. 2

CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2018 Land Adjacent to Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Evaluation

CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2019 Land Adjacent to Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Written Scheme of Investigation for an Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

CIfA 2014 Standard and guidance: Archaeological field excavation

Cooper 2006 The Archaeology of the East Midlands: An Archaeological Resource Assessment and Research Agenda

East Midlands Research Framework: http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/researchframeworks/eastmidlands/wiki/

EH (English Heritage) 2008 Management of Research Projects in the Historic Environment (MORPHE): Project Planning Note 3

Knight, D. Vyner, B. and Allen, C. 2012 East Midlands Heritage, An Updated Research Agenda and Strategy for the Historic Environment of the East Midlands

MHCLG (Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government) 2019 National Planning Policy Framework

Stace, C. 1997 New Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press Books

23 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

APPENDIX A: CONTEXT DESCRIPTIONS

Context Context Fill of Context Feature Spot Number Type Description Label Date 1000 Layer Topsoil 1001 Layer Subsoil 1002 Cut Cut of linear ditch, north-south Ditch 1002 orientated with imperceptible breaks of slope shallow sides and flat base. 1003 Fill 1002 Mid orange brown silty sand, friable Ditch 1002 with charcoal. 1004 Cut Cut of linear ditch, north-south Ditch 1002 orientated with imperceptible breaks of slope shallow sides and flat base. 1005 Fill 1004 Mid orange brown silty sand, friable Ditch 1002 Post- with charcoal. medieval 1006 Cut Cut of linear ditch, north-south Ditch 1002 orientated with imperceptible breaks of slope shallow sides and flat base. 1007 Fill 1006 Mid orange brown silty sand, friable Ditch 1002 with charcoal. 1008 Cut Cut of linear ditch terminus, north- Ditch 1002 south orientated with imperceptible breaks of slope shallow sides and flat base. 1009 Fill 1008 Mid orange brown silty sand, friable Ditch 1002 with charcoal. 1010 Layer Natural

24 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

APPENDIX B: FINDS

Table 1: Finds Context Class Description Fabric Count Weight Spot- Feature Condition Comments Code (g) date Type

1002 Animal 1 26 Ditch Bone 1005 Post- North NMEW 1 6 C17- Ditch Poor Int purple medieval Midlands glaze x1 pottery earthenware

1005 Clay Stem x 1 1 2 POST- Ditch Tobacco MED Pipe

25 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

APPENDIX C: ANIMAL BONE

Table 2: Identified animal species by fragment count (NISP) and weight and context.

Cut Fill BOS Total Weight (g) 1002 1003 1 1 26 Total 1 1 Weight 26 26 BOS = Cattle;

26 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

APPENDIX D: THE PALAEOENVIRONMENTAL EVIDENCE

Table 3: Assessment of Environmental Evidence Proce Unproc Flot ssed essed size Cereal Charred Charcoal > Feature Context Sample vol (L) vol (L) (ml) Roots % Grain Chaff Notes Other Notes for Table 4/2mm Other Chenopodium, Ditch Vicia/Lathyrus, 1008 1009 1 20 20 20 90 - - - ** Poa/Phleum */** - Key: * = 1–4 items; ** = 4–20 items; *** = 21–49 items; **** = 50–99 items; ***** = >100 items

27 © Cotswold Archaeology Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample

APPENDIX E: OASIS REPORT FORM

PROJECT DETAILS Project Name Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample Short description An archaeological excavation was undertaken by Cotswold Archaeology in April 2019, on land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire. The excavation area was located in the south-eastern part of the development, targeting a north-west/south-east orientated ditch identified during previous evaluation of the site. Archaeological interest in the site is derived from its location within an area of extensive cropmarks identified through aerial photography. The Northamptonshire Historic Environment Record records numerous prehistoric, Roman, medieval and modern sites within the immediate vicinity of the site. A previous evaluation of the site, carried out by Cotswold Archaeology (2018), identified two broadly north/south orientated ditches. Worked flint and several pieces of animal bone were recovered from the fill of the southernmost ditch. The excavation, which covered an area of approximately 0.03ha, identified a single ditch containing pottery of post-medieval date. The ditch fits within a landscape of long straight post-medieval field boundaries imposed upon an earlier medieval field system. It corresponds with the general alignment of these surrounding field systems as depicted on historic and current Ordnance Survey mapping, which predominantly relate to Parliamentary Enclosure. As such it is considered likely that the ditch formed a part of this post-medieval to modern field system. No feature corresponding with the ditch recorded during the previous evaluation were identified during the excavation. Project dates 24-26 April 2019 Project type Strip Map and Sample Previous work Field evaluation (CA 2015) Future work Unknown PROJECT LOCATION Site Location 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire Study area (M2/ha) Site co-ordinates 486802 271130 PROJECT CREATORS Name of organisation Cotswold Archaeology Project Brief originator Liz Mordue, Northamptonshire County Council’s Assistant Archaeological Advisor (NCCAAA) Project Design (WSI) originator Cotswold Archaeology Project Manager Stuart Joyce Project Supervisor Andrew Whelan MONUMENT TYPE Post-medieval ditch SIGNIFICANT FINDS Post-medieval pottery and clay pipe stem PROJECT ARCHIVES Intended final location of archive Content

Physical TBC Post-medieval pottery and clay pipe stem, animal bone. Paper TBC WSI, Pro-forma recording sheets and registers. Digital TBC Database, digital photos Survey data, BIBLIOGRAPHY CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2019 Land adjacent to 31 Hardwick Road, Little Harrowden, Northamptonshire: Archaeological Strip, Map and Sample. CA typescript report MK0060_1